EP4200097A1 - Dispositif de planification, dispositif de fabrication, procédé et produit-programme informatique pour la fabrication additive de composants à partir d'un matériau en poudre - Google Patents

Dispositif de planification, dispositif de fabrication, procédé et produit-programme informatique pour la fabrication additive de composants à partir d'un matériau en poudre

Info

Publication number
EP4200097A1
EP4200097A1 EP21766430.9A EP21766430A EP4200097A1 EP 4200097 A1 EP4200097 A1 EP 4200097A1 EP 21766430 A EP21766430 A EP 21766430A EP 4200097 A1 EP4200097 A1 EP 4200097A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
irradiation
powder material
component
origin
energy beam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21766430.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bernhard Gutmann
Wilhelm Meiners
Sarah LEUCK
Stefan Findeisen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Trumpf Laser und Systemtechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Trumpf Laser und Systemtechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Trumpf Laser und Systemtechnik GmbH filed Critical Trumpf Laser und Systemtechnik GmbH
Publication of EP4200097A1 publication Critical patent/EP4200097A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/30—Process control
    • B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/49—Scanners
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
    • B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
    • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
    • B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a planning device and a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with an energy beam, a computer program product for carrying out such a method, and a manufacturing device and a method for additively manufacturing components from a powder material.
  • an energy beam is typically selectively displaced to predetermined irradiation positions of a work area in order to locally solidify powder material arranged in the work area.
  • this is repeated layer by layer in powder material layers arranged one after the other in the working area, in order finally to obtain a three-dimensional component made of solidified powder material.
  • the locally selective irradiation of the work area is planned in advance or also ad hoc during production but before the actual irradiation.
  • a planning device is provided for this purpose, which carries out this planning based on a component contour of a component layer to be produced on a powder material layer in the work area.
  • a closed geometric shape for example a rectangle
  • a pattern of predetermined irradiation areas in particular strips with a specific width, is then superimposed on the geometric shape.
  • WO 2022/038200 2 PCT/EP2021/072968 in particular many shortened irradiation vectors being generated. This reduces productivity in two ways: on the one hand, due to the sheer number of irradiation vectors that have to be processed sequentially in particular; on the other hand, however, because of additional waiting times that have to be introduced in the areas of shortened irradiation vectors in order to avoid overheating of the powder material.
  • CN 111203536 A discloses a method in which a given component contour is overlaid with equally wide, strip-shaped irradiation areas in such a way that the component contour is always touched at the outer corners or edges of the edges of the irradiation areas.
  • the disadvantage of this is that the width of the strip-shaped irradiation areas cannot be chosen to be constant and in particular cannot be optimized with regard to at least one irradiation parameter, since it depends on the component contour that is specifically to be irradiated.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a planning device and a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area, a computer program product set up for this purpose, and a manufacturing device and a method for additively manufacturing components from a powder material, the disadvantages mentioned being at least reduced, are preferably avoided.
  • the object is achieved in particular by creating a planning device for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with an energy beam, the planning device being set up to obtain a component contour of a component layer to be produced on a powder material layer in the work area in order to have an origin on the component contour, and to overlay the component contour, starting from the origin, with an arrangement of irradiation areas to be irradiated with the energy beam, each irradiation area having at least one predetermined dimension that is independent of the component contour and is the same for all irradiation areas.
  • the planning device Since the planning device is set up to overlay the component contour with the irradiation areas to be irradiated, the planning device is set up in particular to plan a chronological sequence for the irradiation of the work area with the energy beam.
  • the individual irradiation areas are preferably swept over sequentially with the energy beam—or also a plurality of energy beams—so that at the same time the definition of the irradiation areas is also associated with a chronological sequence of the irradiation.
  • the irradiation areas are irradiated one after the other with the energy beam or also with a plurality of energy beams. This does not conflict with the fact that, particularly when using multiple energy beams, temporal overlapping can occur when irradiating individual pairs or groups of irradiation areas.
  • a component layer is understood here to mean a layer of the resulting component that is still to be produced or has already been produced in the powder material layer arranged there in the work area, i.e. in particular - after the end of the irradiation of the powder material layer - those areas of the same in which the powder material solidifies by the energy beam, in particular sintered or fused.
  • the component is successively built up component layer by component layer from the layers of powder material arranged one on top of the other.
  • a component contour is understood here to mean, in particular, a closed border line of the component layer or of a region of the component layer. If the component layer has a plurality of island sections defined in more detail below, each island section is assigned a separate component contour, namely an in particular closed border line. The origin is thus defined in particular on a border or boundary line which separates a powder region solidified as intended after the end of the irradiation of the powder material layer, i.e. a component section, from a region with unsolidified powder, i.e. a powder region.
  • the terms “component section” for such an area are used in the following or are already used solidified powder and "powder area" for an area of intended unsolidified powder on a layer of powder material.
  • the fact that the planning device is set up to obtain the component contour includes, in particular, that the planning device has an interface or another suitable configuration in order to - preferably electronically, in particular in the form of a file or other machine-readable data, in particular wirelessly or wired - to be transmitted or received.
  • the planning device is set up to create the component contour.
  • a computer program it is possible for a computer program to run on the planning device itself, by means of which the component contour can be designed or generated in some other way.
  • the component contour it is also possible for the component contour to be entered into the planning device by a user, be it manually, by voice input, by gestures, or in some other suitable manner.
  • the fact that the planning device is set up to receive the component contour means in particular that the component contour can be made available or accessible to the planning device in any way, this including that the component contour is generated in the planning device itself.
  • the fact that the component contour is superimposed with the arrangement of the irradiation areas means in particular that the component contour is completely covered with the irradiation areas, in particular paved, in particular in such a way that no area of the component contour remains free. Rather, each area of the component contour is assigned to an irradiation area or covered by an irradiation area. However, it is possible for the irradiation areas to protrude beyond the component contour in some areas due to their shape and/or extent. In this case, the component contour forms a boundary line for the actual irradiation of the work area with the energy beam. The irradiation takes place only within the component contour and on the component contour, but not outside the component contour. Accordingly, sections of irradiation areas that extend beyond the component contour are not taken into account in the actual irradiation or are blocked.
  • the origin forms a coordinate origin for the arrangement of the irradiation areas and/or a starting point for the creation of a first irradiation area, from which the further irradiation areas are then formed according to a predetermined formation specification, in particular adjoining the first irradiation area.
  • a predetermined orientation in particular angular orientation relative to a predetermined coordinate axis, preferably being defined on the working area for the irradiation areas at the same time as the origin.
  • Additive or generative manufacturing or production of a component means in particular a layered construction of a component from powder material, in particular a powder bed-based method for producing a component in a powder bed, in particular a manufacturing method that is selected from a group consisting of a selective Laser sintering, Laser Metal Fusion (LMF), Direct Metal Laser Melting (DMLM), Laser Net Shaping Manufacturing (LNSM), and Laser Engineered Net Shaping (LENS) .
  • the production facility is therefore set up in particular to carry out at least one of the aforementioned additive or generative production methods.
  • An energy beam is generally understood to mean directed radiation that can transport energy. This can generally involve particle radiation or wave radiation.
  • the energy beam propagates through the physical space along a propagation direction and in the process transports energy along its propagation direction.
  • the energy beam is an optical working beam.
  • An optical working beam is to be understood in particular as directed electromagnetic radiation, continuous or pulsed, which is suitable in terms of its wavelength or a wavelength range for the additive or generative manufacturing of a component from powder material, in particular for sintering or melting the powder material.
  • an optical working beam means a laser beam that can be generated continuously or in a pulsed manner.
  • the optical working beam preferably has a wavelength or a wavelength range in the visible electromagnetic spectrum or in the infrared electromagnetic spectrum, or in the overlap region between the infrared range and the visible range of the electromagnetic spectrum.
  • a working area is understood to mean in particular an area, in particular a plane or surface, in which the powder material is arranged and which is locally irradiated with the energy beam in order to locally solidify the powder material.
  • the powder material is sequentially arranged in layers in the work area and is locally irradiated with the energy beam in order to produce a component—layer by layer.
  • the fact that the work area is locally exposed to the energy beam means, in particular, that the entire work area is not applied globally - neither instantaneously nor sequentially - to the energy beam, but rather that the work area is exposed in places, in particular at individual, contiguous or separate points, with the Energy beam is applied, wherein the energy beam is shifted in particular by means of the scanner device within the work area.
  • the fact that the energy beam is applied selectively to the work area means in particular that the energy beam is applied to the work area at selected, predetermined points or locations or in selected, predetermined areas.
  • the working area is in particular a layer of powder material or a preferably contiguous area of a layer of powder material that can be reached by the energy beam using the scanner device, i.e. it includes in particular those points, locations or areas of the powder material layer that can be impinged on by the energy beam.
  • the planning device is set up to use a dimension that is coordinated, preferably optimized, with at least one irradiation parameter for the irradiation of the work area with the energy beam as the predetermined dimension.
  • the at least one irradiation parameter is preferably selected from a group consisting of: a length of an irradiation vector, an orientation and/or direction of an irradiation vector, a temporal irradiation period, a displacement speed of the energy beam, an intensity of the energy beam, and a size and/or shape of the energy beam on the work area.
  • An irradiation vector is understood to mean, in particular, a continuous, linear displacement of the energy beam within an irradiation area over a specific distance with a specific displacement direction, in particular in the width direction of an irradiation area designed as a strip.
  • the irradiation vector thus closes the direction or orientation of the shift.
  • the irradiation vector preferably extends along the entire width of the strip-shaped irradiation area.
  • the width of the irradiation area thus preferably defines the length of the irradiation vector.
  • An irradiation area is in particular sequentially covered with a large number of irradiation vectors.
  • a strip-shaped irradiation area is preferably sequentially swept over with a multiplicity of irradiation vectors aligned in the width direction and offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the irradiation area or arranged next to one another.
  • adjacent irradiation vectors can be aligned in particular parallel or antiparallel to one another.
  • the fact that the displacement takes place continuously means in particular that it takes place without dropping or interrupting the energy beam, in particular without a jump.
  • the fact that the irradiation takes place linearly means in particular that it takes place along a straight line.
  • the planning device is set up to generate the arrangement of the irradiation areas, starting from the origin, in such a way that the irradiation areas adjoin one another.
  • the component contour is thus in particular superimposed without gaps with the irradiation areas. It is possible for the irradiation areas to adjoin one another without overlapping. In this case, seam formation and double irradiation of certain areas can advantageously be avoided. However, it is also possible for the irradiation areas to overlap in certain areas.
  • the planning device is set up to generate the irradiation areas as strips, that is to say to generate strip-shaped irradiation areas.
  • This configuration has turned out to be particularly advantageous for a high-quality and at the same time productive production of components.
  • the strips or strip-shaped irradiation areas are preferably aligned parallel to one another.
  • the strips are contiguous, most preferably without overlapping; however, an overlap is also possible, at least in certain areas.
  • the predetermined dimension is preferably a width of the strips.
  • a width is understood to mean, in particular, a dimension which extends perpendicularly to a longest extent of the respective strip, that is to say perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the strip.
  • a strip is determined in particular by the fact that it has a larger dimension in one direction on the work area than in the other direction orthogonal thereto.
  • the direction of the larger dimension is referred to as the longitudinal direction, the direction orthogonal to this smaller dimension than width direction.
  • the extent or dimension along the longitudinal direction is referred to as the length; the extent or dimension along the width direction as width.
  • the planning device is set up to carry out the planning of the irradiation for a plurality of powder material layers to be irradiated, in particular sequentially one after the other, in order to obtain an assigned component contour for each powder material layer of the plurality of powder material layers, and to determine the origin for to fix at least one powder material layer of the powder material layers on the assigned component contour at a different location than for the preceding powder material layer, preferably for each powder material layer that follows a preceding powder material layer.
  • the position of the origin on the component contour thus preferably changes from powder material layer to powder material layer.
  • the planning device is set up to select an alignment of the irradiation areas for at least one, preferably for each subsequent powder material layer, differently than for the preceding powder material layer.
  • An orientation is understood here to mean an angle which a specific direction, in particular the longitudinal direction, of an irradiation area encloses with a predetermined axis on the work area. If the irradiation areas are in the form of strips, the orientation is in particular an angle which the longitudinal direction of the irradiation areas, which are preferably parallel to one another, encloses with a predetermined axis on the work area.
  • the strip-shaped irradiation areas of two successive arrangements preferably enclose a finite angle with one another, in particular different from 0° and from 180°.
  • the orientation of the irradiation areas is rotated from powder material layer to powder material layer by a predetermined angle.
  • it is preferably checked whether the instantaneous angle falls within a prohibited angle range; if this is the case, the angle is discarded and another angle is selected, for example by rotating again by the predetermined angle.
  • the planning device is set up to select a separate origin on the component contour of the respective island section for each island section if the component layer has a plurality of island sections.
  • each island section has its own origin, which can preferably be set in a suitable manner on the respective component contour, in order to superimpose it with as few irradiation areas as possible, particularly depending on the shape of the island section preferably with a single irradiation area.
  • the origin is defined outside the component contour of an island section, the problem arises that often even island sections that are smaller than an irradiation area in all directions are covered by more than one irradiation area or are intersected by a boundary line between adjacent irradiation areas. This in particular then leads to unnecessarily short irradiation vectors in the respective irradiation areas.
  • An island section is understood in particular as a component section of the component to be produced which, as intended, is separated from other component sections within the same powder material layer all around by non-solidified powder material after the irradiation of a powder material layer has been completed.
  • An island section of the component thus has no connection path from solidified powder material to another component section of the same powder material layer within its associated powder material layer.
  • the planning device is preferably selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board.
  • the planning device is an RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the form currently available on the date determining the seniority of the present property right.
  • the planning device is set up to generate the arrangement of the irradiation areas starting from the origin, in particular for each individual origin, such that an irradiation area border passing the origin only touches the component contour. In this way in particular, the number of irradiation vectors, especially the number of shortened irradiation vectors, can be reduced.
  • the arrangement of the irradiation areas is preferably generated in such a way that the irradiation area limit passing through the origin does not intersect the component contour.
  • the irradiation area boundary passing the origin divides the component contour into different sub-areas, which would regularly lead to shortened irradiation vectors, particularly in the vicinity of the component contour as a border line.
  • the boundary of the irradiation region passing the origin is therefore selected in such a way that it touches the component contour or—depending on the shape of the component contour—coincides with the component contour in some areas.
  • An irradiation area boundary passing through the origin is understood to mean, in particular, that boundary line of an irradiation area or between two irradiation areas of the arrangement on which the origin lies, ie which runs through the origin.
  • the planning device is preferably set up to generate the arrangement of the irradiation areas starting from the origin, in particular for each individual origin, in such a way that irradiation areas adjoining the origin - in particular on both sides of the origin - of the arrangement along their border only touch the component contour.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material, which has a beam generating device that is set up to generate an energy beam.
  • the production device also has a scanner device that is set up to locally and selectively irradiate a work area with the energy beam in order to use the energy beam to produce a component from the powder material arranged in the work area.
  • the manufacturing device has a control device that is operatively connected to the scanner device and set up to control the scanner device.
  • the control device has a planning device according to the invention or a planning device according to one of the above described embodiments.
  • the control device is designed as a planning device according to the invention or as a planning device according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above.
  • the scanner device preferably has at least one scanner, in particular a galvanometer scanner, piezo scanner, polygon scanner, MEMS scanner, and/or a working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the work area.
  • the scanner devices proposed here are particularly suitable for shifting the energy beam within the working area between a plurality of irradiation positions.
  • a working head or processing head that can be displaced relative to the work area is understood here in particular to mean an integrated component of the production facility which has at least one radiation outlet for at least one energy beam, the integrated component, i.e. the working head, as a whole along at least one displacement direction, preferably along two mutually perpendicular directions of displacement, is displaceable relative to the work area.
  • a working head can, in particular, be designed in the form of a portal or be guided by a robot.
  • the working head can be designed as a robot hand of a robot.
  • the control device is preferably selected from a group consisting of a computer, in particular a personal computer (PC), a plug-in card or control card, and an FPGA board.
  • the control device is an RTC6 control card from SCANLAB GmbH, in particular in the version currently available on the date determining the seniority of the present property right.
  • the beam generating device is preferably designed as a laser.
  • the energy beam is thus advantageously generated as an intensive beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation, in particular coherent light.
  • irradiation preferably means exposure.
  • the production facility is preferably set up for selective laser sintering. Alternatively or additionally, the production facility is set up for selective laser melting. These configurations of the production facility have proven to be particularly advantageous.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area with an energy beam in order to use the energy beam to produce a component from a powder material arranged in the work area.
  • an origin is defined on a component contour of a component layer to be produced on a powder material layer in the work area. Starting from the origin, the component contour is superimposed with an arrangement of irradiation areas to be irradiated with the energy beam with a predetermined dimension that is independent of the component contour and is the same for all irradiation areas.
  • a dimension that is matched, preferably optimized, to at least one irradiation parameter for the irradiation of the work area with the energy beam is used as the predetermined dimension.
  • the arrangement of the irradiation areas is preferably generated in such a way that the irradiation areas adjoin one another.
  • the irradiation areas are preferably produced as strips that in particular adjoin one another, in particular as parallel strips, with the predetermined dimension preferably being a width of the strips.
  • the planning of the irradiation is preferably carried out for a plurality of powder material layers to be irradiated in particular sequentially one after the other, with an associated component contour being obtained for each powder material layer of the plurality of powder material layers, and with the origin for at least one powder material layer of the powder material layers, preferably for each powder material layer following a preceding powder material layer is defined on the associated component contour at a different location than for the previous powder material layer.
  • An alignment of the irradiation regions for at least one, preferably for each subsequent powder material layer is preferably selected differently than for the preceding powder material layer.
  • a separate origin on the component contour of the respective island section is preferably selected for each island section if the component layer has a plurality of island sections.
  • the arrangement of the irradiation areas is generated starting from the origin in such a way that an irradiation area border passing the origin only touches the component contour.
  • the arrangement of the irradiation areas, starting from the origin, is generated in such a way that the two irradiation areas adjacent to the origin only touch the component contour along their border.
  • the method includes at least one method step that has already been explained in connection with the planning device as an advantageous or preferred embodiment of the planning device.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a computer program product which has machine-readable instructions, on the basis of which a method according to the invention or a method according to one of the embodiments described above is carried out on a computing device, in particular a planning device or a control device, if the computer program product is on the computing device is running.
  • a computing device in particular a planning device or a control device, if the computer program product is on the computing device is running.
  • the object is also achieved by creating a method for additively manufacturing a component from a powder material, in which a manufacturing device according to the invention or a manufacturing device according to one of the exemplary embodiments described above is used.
  • a working area is locally selectively irradiated with the energy beam in order to produce the component from the powder material arranged in the working area by means of the energy beam.
  • the radiation is then carried out in the radiation areas determined by the planning facility.
  • the irradiation areas are preferably first generated by the planning device, in particular including the irradiation vectors, and then the working area irradiated, in particular exposed, with the energy beam on the basis of the generated irradiation areas, in particular on the basis of the irradiation vectors.
  • a laser is preferably used as the beam generating device.
  • the component is preferably manufactured by means of selective laser sintering and/or selective laser melting.
  • a metallic or ceramic powder can preferably be used as the powder material.
  • a file that explicitly or implicitly includes the arrangement of the irradiation areas, wherein the file can include instructions for irradiating the work area and/or for manufacturing the component results in a reduced file size compared to conventional Approaches a reduced number of irradiation vectors can be generated. This also results in fewer start and/or end points and thus increased productivity. Furthermore, there are fewer variations in the length of the irradiation vectors, so that a more homogeneous process can be carried out, in particular without waiting times or with significantly reduced waiting times. In particular for small island sections, seams are reduced or completely avoided, so that no overlapping areas prone to defects or at least a reduced number of overlapping areas prone to defects are present in the manufactured component.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing device for the additive manufacturing of components from a powder material
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an example of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area according to the prior art
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of a work area
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of such a method.
  • 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a manufacturing device 1 for the additive manufacturing of a component 3 from a powder material.
  • the manufacturing device 1 has a beam generating device 5 which is set up to generate an energy beam 7 .
  • the beam generating device 5 is preferably set up as a laser, and the energy beam 7 is accordingly a laser beam.
  • the production device 1 also has a scanner device 9 which is set up to locally and selectively irradiate a work area 11 with the energy beam 7 in order to use the energy beam 7 to produce the component 3 from the powder material arranged in the work area 11 .
  • the production device 1 also has a control device 13 which is operatively connected to the scanner device 9 and set up to control the scanner device 9 , in particular to move the energy beam 7 within the work area 11 .
  • the control device 13 is designed here as a planning device 15 .
  • the control device 13 it is possible for the control device 13 to have a planning device 15 .
  • the planning device 15 is set up to plan the locally selective irradiation of the work area 11 with the energy beam 7 .
  • a component layer 17 shown in Figure 1, which is to be produced in the work area 11 by means of the energy beam 7, has two component sections 19, namely a first component section 19.1 and a second component section 19.2, each of the component sections 19 being designed here as an island section 21 is.
  • the component sections 19.1, 19.2 are surrounded all around by non-solidified powder material and in particular have no connection path from solidified powder material to one another or to other component sections 19.
  • a component contour 23 is assigned to each component section 19 as a border line or boundary line.
  • the planning device 15 is set up to obtain the component contour 23 and to define an origin 25 on the respective component contour 19 in each case. Furthermore, the planning device 15 is set up to overlay the component contour 23, starting from the origin 25, with an arrangement 26 of irradiation regions 27 to be irradiated with the energy beam 7 (see FIG. 2).
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an example of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of the work area 11 according to the prior art.
  • the origin 25 is selected outside of the component contour 23, and then the component contour 23 is superimposed with the irradiation areas 27, the strip-shaped irradiation areas 27 here having a predetermined dimension that is the same for all irradiation areas 27, here in particular the same width.
  • the irradiation areas 27 are swept over with irradiation vectors 29, which are preferably aligned in the width direction of the irradiation areas 27 and are arranged next to one another offset to one another along a length of the irradiation areas 27.
  • irradiation vectors 29 are preferably aligned in the width direction of the irradiation areas 27 and are arranged next to one another offset to one another along a length of the irradiation areas 27.
  • the working area 11 is only actually irradiated within the component contour 23 .
  • the irradiation vectors 29 shown outside the component contour 23 only serve to illustrate the basic design of the irradiation areas 27. It also becomes clear that an unabridged length of the irradiation vectors 29 corresponds to the width of the irradiation areas 27 in this case.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic representation of a first embodiment of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of the work area 11.
  • the origin 25 is defined on the component contour 23, and then the component contour 23, starting from the origin 25, is superimposed with the arrangement 26 of irradiation areas 27, each irradiation area 27 having at least one predetermined, independent of the component contour 23, for all irradiation areas 27 have the same dimensions, here in particular the same width. In this case, too, the irradiation areas 27 are preferably created as strips. It is clear from FIG. 3 that because the origin 25 is defined on the component contour 23, the total number of radiation vectors 29 generated, but in particular the number of shorter ones Irradiation vectors 29 that are shorter than the width of an irradiation area 27 can be reduced. As a result, the productivity of the process is high.
  • a predetermined dimension that is preferably optimized for at least one irradiation parameter for the irradiation of the working area 11 with the energy beam 7 is preferably used, so that the component quality is also high.
  • the arrangement of the irradiation areas 27 starting from the origin 25 is generated in such a way that the irradiation areas 27 adjoin one another.
  • the irradiation regions 27 are produced as, in particular, preferably parallel strips that adjoin one another.
  • the predetermined dimension is in particular a width of the strips.
  • the planning device 15 is preferably set up to carry out the planning of the irradiation for a plurality of powder material layers to be irradiated, in particular sequentially one after the other.
  • An associated component contour 23 is obtained for each powder material layer of the plurality of powder material layers, and the origin 25 is preferably defined for each powder material layer of the powder material layers that follows a preceding powder material layer at a different location on the associated component contour 23 than for the respective preceding powder material layer.
  • an orientation of the irradiation regions 27 is preferably selected differently for each subsequent powder material layer than for the preceding powder material layer.
  • FIG. 3 shows a preceding layer of powder material at a) and a subsequent layer of powder material at b), with both the location of the origin 25 and the orientation of the irradiation regions 27 being selected differently for the subsequent layer of powder material at b) than for the preceding layer of powder material at a) .
  • FIG. 3 also makes it clear that the arrangement 26 of the irradiation areas 27 starting from the origin 25 is preferably generated in such a way that an irradiation area limit 31 passing the origin 25 merely touches the component contour 23, in particular does not intersect it. It is precisely in this way that a number of shortened irradiation vectors 29 can be minimized particularly efficiently, with the total number of irradiation vectors 29 preferably also being reduced at the same time.
  • Fig. 4 shows a schematic representation of a second embodiment of a method for planning a locally selective irradiation of the working area 11.
  • the component layer 17 has a plurality of island sections 21, with each island section 21 having its own origin 25 on the component contour 23 of the respective island section 21 is chosen. In this way, in particular, it can be ensured that for each island section 21 the smallest possible number of irradiation vectors 29, but in particular the smallest possible number of shortened irradiation vectors 29, is generated.
  • the method is preferably implemented in a computer program, which has machine-readable instructions, based on which the method is carried out on a computing device when the computer program runs on the computing device.
  • the irradiation is advantageously carried out in the irradiation areas 27 determined by the planning device 15 .
  • the irradiation areas 27 are generated by the planning device 15, in particular including the irradiation vectors 29, and then the
  • Work area 11 is irradiated with the energy beam 7 on the basis of the generated irradiation areas 27, in particular on the basis of the irradiation vectors 29, in particular exposed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de planification (15) pour planifier localement l'exposition sélective d'une zone de travail (11) au rayonnement d'un faisceau d'énergie (7) afin, au moyen du faisceau d'énergie (7), de produire un composant (3) à partir d'un matériau en poudre disposé dans la zone de travail (11), le dispositif de planification (15) étant conçu pour obtenir un contour de composant (23) d'une couche de composant (17) à générer sur une couche de matériau en poudre dans la zone de travail (11), pour établir une origine (25) sur le contour du composant (23), et, à partir de l'origine (25), pour recouvrir le contour de composant (23) avec un agencement (26) de zones d'exposition au rayonnement (27) à exposer au rayonnement du faisceau d'énergie (7), chaque zone d'exposition au rayonnement (27) présentant au moins une dimension prédéfinie indépendamment du contour de composant (23) et étant identique pour toutes les zones d'exposition au rayonnement (27).
EP21766430.9A 2020-08-21 2021-08-18 Dispositif de planification, dispositif de fabrication, procédé et produit-programme informatique pour la fabrication additive de composants à partir d'un matériau en poudre Pending EP4200097A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020210681.9A DE102020210681A1 (de) 2020-08-21 2020-08-21 Planungseinrichtung, Fertigungseinrichtung, Verfahren und Computerprogrammprodukt zum additiven Fertigen von Bauteilen aus einem Pulvermaterial
PCT/EP2021/072968 WO2022038200A1 (fr) 2020-08-21 2021-08-18 Dispositif de planification, dispositif de fabrication, procédé et produit-programme informatique pour la fabrication additive de composants à partir d'un matériau en poudre

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EP4200097A1 true EP4200097A1 (fr) 2023-06-28

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GB2378150A (en) * 2001-07-31 2003-02-05 Dtm Corp Fabricating a three-dimensional article from powder
DE102017127148A1 (de) 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Eos Gmbh Electro Optical Systems Bestrahlungsstreifensortierung
EP3520929A1 (fr) * 2018-02-06 2019-08-07 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé d'irradiation sélective d'une couche de matériau, procédé de fabrication et produit-programme informatique
CN111203536B (zh) 2020-04-22 2020-07-28 中国航发上海商用航空发动机制造有限责任公司 通过控制slm工艺预制气孔缺陷的方法

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US20230191497A1 (en) 2023-06-22
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