Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
  • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
  • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
  • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
  • B05B17/0638—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers spray being produced by discharging the liquid or other fluent material through a plate comprising a plurality of orifices
  • B05B17/0646—Vibrating plates, i.e. plates being directly subjected to the vibrations, e.g. having a piezoelectric transducer attached thereto
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B3/00—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements
  • B05B3/02—Spraying or sprinkling apparatus with moving outlet elements or moving deflecting elements with rotating elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
  • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
  • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
  • B05B17/00—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups
  • B05B17/04—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods
  • B05B17/06—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations
  • B05B17/0607—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers
  • B05B17/0623—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn
  • B05B17/063—Apparatus for spraying or atomising liquids or other fluent materials, not covered by the preceding groups operating with special methods using ultrasonic or other kinds of vibrations generated by electrical means, e.g. piezoelectric transducers coupled with a vibrating horn having an internal channel for supplying the liquid or other fluent material

Definitions

• the invention relates to an atomization device for a coating agent with a coating agent carrier subjected to vibrations by an exciter.
• An atomizing device for a coating agent is known from US4659014.
• the atomization device has a probe head as a coating medium carrier, which has a plurality of orifice openings which are flow-connected to a coating medium supply line and are distributed around the circumference of the probe head.
• the coating agent flows from the coating agent supply line through the orifice openings and is thereby distributed on the coating agent carrier.
• the coating medium carrier can be subjected to vibrations by an exciter, as a result of which the coating medium distributed on the coating medium carrier is detached from the coating medium carrier as finely atomized coating medium particles.
• the atomization device known from US Pat. No. 4,659,014 has the disadvantage that the coating agent is distributed unevenly on the coating agent carrier due to, among other things, gravity, which, reinforced by the shape of the probe head, leads to an uneven application of the coating agent on a workpiece to be coated.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of proposing an atomization device of the type described at the beginning, with which workpieces can be provided with a coating of uniform thickness in a resource-saving manner.
• the coating medium carrier is a membrane driven by a rotary drive, which is subjected to vibrations by the exciter with sound waves.
• the coating agent is evenly distributed over the surface of the membrane by the centrifugal force generated when the membrane is rotated. Since the centrifugal force is only used to distribute the coating agent but not to detach the coating agent, the rotational speed can be selected to be relatively low, which enables energy-saving operation.
• the coating agent can preferably be applied in the center of the membrane.
• the energy required to detach and atomize the coating agent is approximately the same over the entire surface of the membrane.
• the energy input required is provided by an exciter, the sound waves generated by which cause the membrane to vibrate.
• the sound waves propagate preferably via the air located between the exciter and the membrane, which is why an installation-free sound propagation channel can be provided between the exciter and the membrane.
• installation-free means that there are no installations in the sound propagation channel that would negatively influence the propagation of the sound waves generated by the exciter.
• the membrane can be made to vibrate in a particularly energy-saving manner and can be driven in rotation by a simple shaft.
• fundamentally different shapes can be provided for the membrane, there are structural advantages if the membrane is designed in a circular manner.
• Gold, for example, or other flexible and corrosion-resistant materials can be provided as the material for the membrane.
• a sound source connected to an amplifier can serve as exciter.
• the frequencies generated in this way can be in the audible frequency range of humans or in the ultrasonic range.
• the coating agent particles detaching from the coating agent carrier generate turbulence in the area between the atomizing device and a workpiece to be coated. This turbulence influences the direction of flow of the subsequently detached coating agent particles, resulting in an irregular coating of the workpiece. Therefore, in order to avoid mutual influencing of coating agent particles that are detached one after the other in time, it is proposed that the membrane closes off a suction channel with a suction membrane section that is pierced by suction openings.
• the suction channel can be flow-connected to a vacuum reservoir.
• the suction channel can be connected to the vacuum reservoir via a switchable valve, for example via a MEMS (Micro Electro Mechanical System) valve, servo valve, or rotary valve.
• MEMS Micro Electro Mechanical System
• the energy generated by the negative pressure is preferably below the kinetic energy of the coating agent particles that have been detached from the membrane and are thereby accelerated, in order to largely prevent them from being sucked in.
• longitudinal slots running tangentially to the round membrane have proven to be particularly suitable as suction openings.
• several suction membrane sections can be provided, which are evenly distributed over the membrane.
• a step for retaining the coating agent emerging from the orifice can be provided between the suction membrane section and the remaining membrane surface.
• the coating agent emerging from the orifice cannot pass through the level of the step, which is higher than the rest of the membrane. It does not matter whether the suction membrane section has the same height as the rest of the membrane or the step. If the part provided for the coating agent is arranged between two suction membrane sections and thus between two stages, the distribution of the coating agent is promoted by the capillary effect that occurs between the two stages, so that even low speeds of the membrane allow the coating agent to be distributed over the membrane surface provided for this purpose suffice.
• the shaft for driving the rotation and for supplying the coating agent can run through the suction channel and preferably be arranged concentrically in it.
• the wave runs concentrically through the exciter.
• the hollow shaft can be designed in such a way that the sound waves generated by the exciter do not or hardly vibrate, so that the sound propagates mainly in the suction and sound propagation channel through which the wave passes and then the membrane is subjected to vibrations.
• fast-curing multi-component coating agents such as two-component paints
• the coating agent feed line be connected to at least two feed lines.
• the different components are therefore not introduced premixed into the coating agent feed line, but gradually mixed in the coating agent feed line and/or on the membrane itself, which reduces the reaction time of the components with one another and thus the risk of premature curing.
• the vibrations of the membrane continue to mix the components until the coating agent detaches from the membrane.
• the degree of mixing can be influenced by adjusting the oscillation frequency of the membrane.
• a vibration sensor for detecting the frequency and/or amplitude of the membrane can be provided. In this way, deviations between the vibrations specified by the exciter and the vibrations of the membrane can be determined, and if a critical threshold value is exceeded, the replacement of the membrane can be initiated. Hall sensors, for example, can be used for this purpose.
• the vibration sensor can be arranged, for example, on anti-glare lamellae, which protrude beyond the membrane in the direction in which the coating agent is detached.
• the membrane can have a radial cross section of constant thickness.
• the thickness of the membrane decreases radially outwards.
• the radial cross section of the membrane can have a conical basic shape.
• a coating head with several atomizing devices can be provided, with the atomizing devices being arranged next to one another in a matrix form and with the membranes lying in a common support plane.
• the atomization devices themselves can be designed and manufactured in a uniform manner and the coating head can be adapted to the requirements of the workpiece to be coated as required.
• the membranes are in a common support plane.
• baffle lamellae are provided between the individual atomizing devices that protrude beyond the carrier plane.
• the individual atomizing devices are therefore separated from the adjacent atomizing devices by the baffles, so that the respective flow conditions in the region of the atomizing devices do not change can influence each other.
• the device described can be operated in a method in which the membrane is rotated about an axis of rotation to distribute the coating agent and is subjected to vibrations in the direction of the axis of rotation with sound waves. Due to the inertia of the coating agent distributed on the membrane, this dissolves as finely atomized coating agent particles due to the change in the direction of vibration of the membrane. Due to the fact that the detachment of the coating agent particles is forced due to the vibration generated in the membrane by the sound waves and not by the centrifugal force, as is the case with rotary atomizers, for example, the angular velocities of the membrane can be selected to be low.
• angular velocities that are between 90% and 400% inclusive of the critical angular velocity Wer are sufficient, where g is the field strength of the gravitational field on the earth’s surface and R is the radius of the membrane:
• Creating coating conditions can be between the on a first Vibration maximum following turning point and the next vibration maximum of the sound waves of the suction channel are subjected to a negative pressure.
• a negative pressure By applying a negative pressure, the turbulence prevailing there is rectified in the detachment area above the membrane and thus the changes in flow direction of the detached coating medium particles caused by the turbulence are suppressed.
• the suction channel In order to suck in as few coating agent particles as possible that have already been detached from the membrane, the suction channel is not permanently subjected to negative pressure, but only at a certain time interval, namely when there are as few coating agent particles as possible with low kinetic energy in the immediate vicinity of the suction membrane section.
• the time interval suitable for this lies between the turning point following a first oscillation maximum and the next oscillation maximum of the sound waves.
• the application of negative pressure can preferably take place in a time interval which is in the range of the minimum oscillation of the sound waves.
• the application of negative pressure is preferably repeated in each oscillation period, with the detachment of coating agent particles from the membrane and the application of negative pressure to the suction channel alternating.
• At least two components of the coating agent be introduced separately into a coating agent feed line and mixed in the coating agent feed line and/or on the membrane.
• a paint can be introduced into the coating agent feed line via a first feed line and a hardener for this paint can be introduced via a second feed line.
• FIG. 1 shows a partially sectioned perspective view of an atomizing device according to the invention
• Fig. 3 shows a larger-scale schematic section through a coating head of Fig. 2,
• FIG. 4 shows a diagram with a schematic oscillation curve of the sound wave generated by the exciter and with a control signal for a switching valve
• Fig. 5 shows a schematic section through a second embodiment of
• An atomizing device 1 according to the invention for a coating agent for example liquid paint
• a coating agent for example liquid paint
• the membrane 2 can be subjected to vibrations by an exciter 3 by means of sound waves, as a result of which the coating agent located on the coating agent is detached from the membrane 2 .
• the membrane 2 is connected to a rotary drive. The rotation of the membrane 2 therefore serves to distribute the coating agent and not to detach the coating agent particles from the membrane 2, which is why low speeds can be used and energy-saving operation is thus made possible.
• the membrane 2 can be connected to the rotary drive via a shaft 4 , a coating medium feed line 5 (FIG. 3) running through the shaft 4 , the outlet opening 6 of which breaks through the membrane 2 .
• the membrane 2 can comprise a suction membrane section 7 which is broken through by suction openings 8 and closes off a suction channel 9 .
• the suction channel 9 can be connected to a vacuum reservoir (not shown) via a switchable valve known to those skilled in the art.
• the pulsed application of the negative pressure results in a straightening of the air flow in the detachment area of the membrane 2 and thus in a dissolution of the turbulence prevailing there, as a result of which undesired changes in flow direction of the detached coating medium particles can be reduced.
• a step 11 (Fig. 1) is provided between the suction membrane section 7 and the remaining membrane surface 10, which holds back the coating medium emerging from the orifice opening 6 and thus retains it specifies a flow path.
• the shaft 4 can run through the suction channel 9 and concentrically through the exciter 3 .
• FIG. 2 shows a coating head 12 with a plurality of atomizing devices 1, these being arranged next to one another in the form of a matrix.
• the atomizing devices 1 are arranged in such a way that their membranes 2, as disclosed in FIG. 3, lie in a common support plane.
• the suction channels 9 of the respective atomizing devices 1 can converge in a common outlet channel 13 .
• the individual adjacent atomization devices 1 can be separated from one another by diaphragm lamellae 14 which protrude beyond the support plane of the membranes 2 . This results in defined, mutually delimited areas for the dispensed coating agent particles, whereby mutual influencing of the flow conditions can be prevented.
• the control signal 16 for opening a switching valve for applying a negative pressure to the suction channel 9 is shown.
• the suction channel 9 is acted upon by activating and thus opening and closing the switching valve temporally between the turning point 18 following a first oscillation maximum 17 and the next oscillation maximum 19 of the sound waves.
• the application of negative pressure can preferably take place in a time interval which is in the range of the oscillation minimum 20 of the sound waves.
• the coating medium feed line 5 can be connected to two feed lines 22, for example via a rotary feedthrough 23.
• different components of multi-component coating agents can be introduced separately from one another into the coating agent feed line 5 and only mixed in the coating agent feed line 5 and then on the membrane 2 .
• One or more vibration sensors 21 can be assigned to the membrane 2 for monitoring purposes.
• the vibration sensors 21 can be arranged on the anti-glare slats 14 .
• the membrane 2 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has a conical cross-section, as a result of which the longevity of the membrane 2 is increased.

Landscapes

• Nozzles (AREA)
• Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
• Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=77447648

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 2020
  • 2020-08-17 AT ATA50690/2020A patent/AT523636B1/de active
• 2021
  • 2021-08-16 CN CN202180056148.5A patent/CN116194222A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-08-16 EP EP21758588.4A patent/EP4196290A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-08-16 US US18/021,555 patent/US20240009694A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-08-16 WO PCT/AT2021/060285 patent/WO2022036380A1/de active Application Filing

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