EP4193417A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement de deux cellules électrochimiques, ensemble électrochimique et procédé correspondants - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement de deux cellules électrochimiques, ensemble électrochimique et procédé correspondantsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4193417A1 EP4193417A1 EP21761993.1A EP21761993A EP4193417A1 EP 4193417 A1 EP4193417 A1 EP 4193417A1 EP 21761993 A EP21761993 A EP 21761993A EP 4193417 A1 EP4193417 A1 EP 4193417A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling
- channel sections
- electrochemical
- electrochemical cell
- open channel
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
- H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- TITLE Device for cooling two electrochemical cells, electrochemical assembly and corresponding method
- the present invention relates to a device for cooling two adjacent electrochemical cells.
- Electrochemical cell cooling devices are known which are used to manage the temperature of electrochemical cells.
- a cooling device is known from patent application IN 201841043026 (application number).
- the object of the invention is to propose a cooling device which makes it possible to effectively manage the temperature of two electrochemical cells and this with economical means.
- the object of the invention is also to propose an effective device for the thermal management of modules of electrochemical cells.
- the device must be reliable and have a small size and low weight.
- the problem of thermal runaway of Li-lon cells is known. This phenomenon appears when an electrochemical cell reaches a determined critical temperature, which leads to the heating of a neighboring cell to the critical temperature.
- the invention also aims to reduce the risk of thermal runaway, in particular inside an electrochemical module or a group of cells.
- the subject of the invention is a cooling device as indicated above, characterized in that the cooling device comprises a cooling body provided
- cooling channel adapted to contain a cooling liquid;
- the cooling channel comprises first open channel sections which are adapted to be closed by a wall of the first electrochemical cell and the cooling channel comprises second open channel sections which are adapted to be closed by a wall of the second electrochemical cell.
- the latter may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- the cooling channel defines a direction of circulation (S) of the cooling fluid and comprises, in the direction of circulation, alternately the first open channel sections and the second open channel sections, and the first open channel sections and the second open channel sections are connected by closed connecting channel sections;
- the cooling body comprises a contact plate and a connection plate, the contact plate forms the first body face, the second body face, the first open channel sections and the second open channel sections, and the plate connecting form the connecting channel sections as well as, preferably, an inlet and an outlet for coolant;
- the first open channel sections and the second open channel sections are formed by through grooves made in the contact plate, these through grooves being covered by the connecting plate, and/or the connecting sections are formed by grooves closed formed in the connecting plate;
- the first open channel sections and/or the second open channel sections have a substantially U-shape, and in particular these substantially U-shaped open channel sections are arranged side by side or are nested one in the other ;
- the cooling device comprises a buffer housing comprising a thermal buffer made of phase-change material, in particular the buffer housing being formed by a stepped part of the connecting plate.
- the invention also relates to an electrochemical assembly, of the type comprising
- the electrochemical assembly comprises a cooling device as defined above, in that the first wall covers the first open channel sections, in that the second wall covers the second open channel sections, and in that the channel sections covered by the first and second walls and the connecting channel sections form a cooling circuit.
- the latter may comprise one or more of the following characteristics:
- the first wall and the second wall are the large faces respectively of the first housing and second housing;
- the cooling circuit contains a cooling fluid which is a dielectric fluid, in particular a dielectric liquid.
- the invention also relates to a method for cooling an electrochemical assembly, characterized in that the electrochemical assembly is an electrochemical assembly as defined above, and in that the method comprises circulating cooling liquid through through the cooling circuit, cooling the first electrochemical cell and heating the coolant, and heating the second electrochemical cell at least partially with the thermal energy of the coolant received from the first electrochemical cell.
- FIG 1 shows in perspective a battery according to the invention comprising a multitude of electrochemical cells and a multitude of cooling devices;
- FIG 2 shows in perspective on a larger scale part of the battery of Figure 1, comprising four cells and two cooling devices according to the invention
- FIG 3 shows a schematic top view of the part of the battery of Figure 2;
- Figure 4 shows in perspective the contact plate and the connecting plate of a cooling device according to the invention
- Figure 5 is a front view of the contact plate of Figure 4.
- FIG 6 is a front view of the link plate of Figure 4.
- Figure 1 a battery according to the invention, designated by the general reference 2.
- the battery is an electrochemical battery as commonly used in electric vehicles. However, other areas of application of Battery 2 are envisaged.
- the battery 2 comprises a multitude of first electrochemical cells 4 and second electrochemical cells 6 and a multitude of cooling devices 8.
- the battery 2 also includes a go ramp 10 and a return ramp 12 of coolant.
- the battery 2 comprises a multitude of electrochemical assemblies 20, each of which comprises a first electrochemical cell 4, a second electrochemical cell 6 and a cooling device 8.
- Each first electrochemical cell 4 comprises a first casing 22, which is substantially parallelepipedic, and which forms a first flat wall 24 .
- the first wall 24 forms the large face of the parallelepiped that constitutes the first casing 22.
- the first electrochemical cell 4 comprises conventional electrochemical elements, for example of the Li-ion type and contacts on its upper face (FIG. 2).
- Each second electrochemical cell 6 comprises a second casing 32, which is substantially parallelepipedal, and which forms a second flat wall 34 .
- the second wall 34 forms the large face of the parallelepiped that constitutes the second casing 32.
- the second electrochemical cell 6 comprises conventional electrochemical elements, for example of the Li-ion type and contacts on its upper face.
- the first electrochemical cell 4 and the second electrochemical cell 6 are adjacent.
- the first casing 22 and the second casing 32 are arranged one beside the other such that the first and second walls 24, 34 are coplanar.
- the cooling device 8 is suitable for cooling the first electrochemical cell 4 and the second electrochemical cell 6 of an electrochemical assembly 20.
- the cooling device 8 is also suitable for transmitting part of the heat from the first electrochemical cell 4 to the second electrochemical cell 6 and vice versa.
- the cooling device 8 is adapted to circulate cooling fluid from a heat receiving zone, for example of the first electrochemical cell 4, to a heat delivery zone, for example of the second cell electrochemical 6.
- the cooling device 8 comprises a cooling circuit 36 which contains the cooling fluid, which is a dielectric fluid.
- the cooling fluid is therefore a heat transfer fluid.
- dielectric fluid any fluid, therefore any gas or liquid, which can support a static electric field and act as an electrical insulator.
- dielectric fluids suitable for the present invention may include, but are not limited to, any ignition-resistant and/or non-flammable dielectric fluid. More in particular, the dielectric fluid resists at least ignition up to a maximum temperature that can appear in the electrochemical cell which is for example the minimum thermal runaway temperature.
- dielectric fluids which can be used in the context of the present invention, without limitation, are those which are already used in all the constituent parts of the powertrain of a motor vehicle, more particularly that of a hybrid vehicle. or electrical, such as the motor, the power electronics, the reduction gear, or again and preferably at the battery level.
- the dielectric fluids that can be used in the context of the present invention are, for example, produced from paraffinic base oils, silicone oils, or synthetic organic esters.
- the dielectric fluids which can be used in the context of the present invention and which are based on mineral oils are very conventionally used because of their availability, their low cost and their physical properties such as that of being characterized by good thermal properties.
- the cooling device 8 comprises for this purpose a cooling body 40 provided with a first face of the body 42 adapted to be in contact with the first electrochemical cell 4, more exactly to be in contact with the first casing 22, with a second body face 44, adapted to be in contact with the second electrochemical cell 6, more exactly to be in contact with the second casing 32, and with a cooling channel 46 adapted to contain the cooling liquid.
- the cooling channel 46 comprises first channel sections 48 formed in the first face of the body 42 and open which are adapted to be closed by a wall of the first electrochemical cell 4.
- the cooling channel 46 comprises second channel sections 50, formed in the second body face 44 and open which are adapted to be closed by a wall of the second electrochemical cell 6.
- the first channel sections 48 open and the second channel sections 50 open are connected by connecting channel sections 52 closed. These connecting channel sections 52 span the gap between the two adjacent electrochemical cells.
- the cooling channel 46 defines a direction of circulation S of the cooling fluid and comprises, in the direction of circulation S, alternately the first open channel sections, the second open channel sections and the connecting channel sections 52 closed.
- the cooling body 40 includes a contact plate 56 and a connecting plate 58.
- the contact plate 56 forms the first body face 42, the second body face 44, the first channel sections 48 open and the second channel sections 50 open.
- the first channel sections 48 and the second channel sections 50 are formed by through grooves formed in the contact plate 56, that is to say the grooves cross the thickness of the contact plate 56.
- the contact plate 56 in this case has a rectangular outer contour.
- the contact plate 56 is in this case a single piece and a single piece.
- the contact plate 56 is made of a relatively flexible material, that is to say adapted to make the interface between the body faces 42, 44 and the electrochemical cells on one side and between the surface of the contact plate and the connecting plate 58 on the other side is impermeable to the cooling liquid and this by compression of the cooling body 40 between a pair of two electrochemical cells 4, 6 and a pair of two neighboring electrochemical cells 4, 6.
- the material of the contact plate 56 is also resistant to high temperatures (temperature range) and an aggressive chemical environment.
- a material is for example marketed under the trade name “COGEMICA HT 710”.
- the material is for example Mica + silicone powder. Other materials can be used for this purpose.
- the material of the contact plate 56 is more flexible or elastic than the material of the housing 22, 32 and the connecting plate 58.
- the first channel sections 48 and/or the second channel sections 50 have a substantially “U” shape (see Figures 4 and 5).
- the substantially U-shaped channel sections are arranged side-by-side or are nested one inside the other.
- the first channel sections 48 are arranged side by side with the open end of the "U” directed towards the second channel sections 50.
- the second channel sections 50 are arranged nested into each other with the open end of the "U" facing the first channel sections 48.
- the connecting plate 58 has a connecting face 60 which is in sealed contact with the contact plate 56, on the side opposite the body faces 42, 44.
- the connecting plate 58 forms the connecting channel sections 52 as well as, preferably, an inlet 62 for coolant and an outlet 64 for coolant.
- the coolant inlet 62 is connected to the supply ramp 10 and the liquid outlet 64 is connected to the return ramp 12.
- the connecting channel sections 52 are formed by closed or blind grooves formed in the connecting plate 58.
- the connecting channel sections 52 are closed by the contact plate and are in fluid communication at their ends. When the cooling liquid circulates in the connecting channel section 52, it is in contact with the connecting plate 58 and with the contact plate 56, but not with the casing of the electrochemical cells 4 and 6.
- the connecting plate 58 is made of a harder material than that of the contact plate 56, and is for example aluminum.
- the cooling device 8 may also comprise at least one buffer housing 66 comprising a thermal buffer 68, in particular comprising a phase change material (PCM).
- the buffer housing 66 is in this case formed by a stepped part 70 of the connecting plate 58.
- the connecting plate 58 comprises two stepped parts 70 which are arranged on either side. other of the connecting channel sections 52.
- the cooling device comprises two thermal pads 68.
- the thermal pads 68 are out of contact with the coolant and are applied on one side to the connecting plate 58 and on the other side to one of the housings 22, 32 of the electrochemical cells.
- the phase change material of the thermal buffer 68 comprises for example an organic material, such as a polymer, a wax or an oil.
- the transition temperature of the phase change material is for example between 25°C and 35°C.
- the material may also be a material marketed under the name “PCsMart” by the company Hutchinson.
- the thickness of the connecting plate 56 is 1.5 mm and can be between 1 mm and 2 mm.
- the height of the cooling channels 48 is 16 mm and can be between 5 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 15 mm and 20 mm.
- the combined height of all the cooling channels is for example at least 70% of the height of the connecting plate.
- the cooling channel 46 is provided with exactly two first channel sections 48 and two second channel sections 50. This example shows a good compromise between fluid pressure drop and cooling capacity.
- the cooling device is used in the following manner: cooling fluid or heat transfer fluid is circulated through the cooling circuit by cooling the first electrochemical cell 4 and by heating the cooling fluid or heat transfer fluid. Next, the coolant or heat transfer fluid heats the second electrochemical cell 6, and the thermal buffer 68 through the connection plate 58, at least partially with the thermal energy that the coolant or heat transfer fluid has received from the first electrochemical cell 4.
- the heat transfer fluid can exchange calories with the cells 4, 6 with which it is in contact so as to cool or heat them (as needed).
- the heat transfer fluid is also temperature-regulated in a circuit external to the battery and not described here.
- an operating mode makes it possible to limit excessive heating of a cell by distributing the thermal energy of said cell over the other elements, which will serve as heat sinks.
- the heat transfer fluid can cool a cell 4, which would be in an abnormal heating phase, by absorbing heat then transferring its heat to cell 6, the connecting plate 58 and the thermal pads 68.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2008321A FR3113336B1 (fr) | 2020-08-06 | 2020-08-06 | Dispositif de refroidissement de deux cellules électrochimiques, ensemble électrochimique et procédé correspondants |
| PCT/EP2021/071860 WO2022029222A1 (fr) | 2020-08-06 | 2021-08-05 | Dispositif de refroidissement de deux cellules électrochimiques, ensemble électrochimique et procédé correspondants |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4193417A1 true EP4193417A1 (fr) | 2023-06-14 |
Family
ID=74183211
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21761993.1A Withdrawn EP4193417A1 (fr) | 2020-08-06 | 2021-08-05 | Dispositif de refroidissement de deux cellules électrochimiques, ensemble électrochimique et procédé correspondants |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230291032A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4193417A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023536344A (fr) |
| KR (1) | KR20230047436A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116075962A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3113336B1 (fr) |
| MX (1) | MX2023001519A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022029222A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022108780A1 (de) * | 2022-04-11 | 2023-10-12 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Kühleinrichtung, Energiespeicher und Verfahren zum beidseitigen Kühlen eines Energiespeichers |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9780421B2 (en) * | 2010-02-02 | 2017-10-03 | Dana Canada Corporation | Conformal heat exchanger for battery cell stack |
| JP5394343B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-14 | 2014-01-22 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 電池モジュール |
| JP5353961B2 (ja) * | 2011-07-04 | 2013-11-27 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 電池用温調機構 |
| EP2608309A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-21 | 2013-06-26 | Fortu Intellectual Property AG | Module de batterie doté d'un boîtier de module de batterie et de cellules de batterie |
| JP2013178966A (ja) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-09 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | 電池モジュール |
-
2020
- 2020-08-06 FR FR2008321A patent/FR3113336B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2021
- 2021-08-05 WO PCT/EP2021/071860 patent/WO2022029222A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-08-05 MX MX2023001519A patent/MX2023001519A/es unknown
- 2021-08-05 US US18/019,279 patent/US20230291032A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-08-05 CN CN202180056693.4A patent/CN116075962A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-05 EP EP21761993.1A patent/EP4193417A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-08-05 KR KR1020237007426A patent/KR20230047436A/ko active Pending
- 2021-08-05 JP JP2023507615A patent/JP2023536344A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022029222A1 (fr) | 2022-02-10 |
| KR20230047436A (ko) | 2023-04-07 |
| FR3113336B1 (fr) | 2023-02-24 |
| US20230291032A1 (en) | 2023-09-14 |
| MX2023001519A (es) | 2023-03-06 |
| CN116075962A (zh) | 2023-05-05 |
| FR3113336A1 (fr) | 2022-02-11 |
| JP2023536344A (ja) | 2023-08-24 |
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