EP4190935A1 - Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur - Google Patents

Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4190935A1
EP4190935A1 EP21212558.7A EP21212558A EP4190935A1 EP 4190935 A1 EP4190935 A1 EP 4190935A1 EP 21212558 A EP21212558 A EP 21212558A EP 4190935 A1 EP4190935 A1 EP 4190935A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
perforating gun
range
gun barrel
tube
mass
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21212558.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Waldemar Engel
Leonhard Rose
Christopher Halfpap
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Benteler Steel Tube GmbH
Original Assignee
Benteler Steel Tube GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Benteler Steel Tube GmbH filed Critical Benteler Steel Tube GmbH
Priority to EP21212558.7A priority Critical patent/EP4190935A1/fr
Priority to US18/074,786 priority patent/US20230175360A1/en
Publication of EP4190935A1 publication Critical patent/EP4190935A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/116—Gun or shaped-charge perforators
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/28—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with titanium or zirconium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
    • C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
    • C21D2211/002—Bainite
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
    • E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a perforating gun barrel and a perforating gun having a perforating gun barrel.
  • Perforating guns also known as perforating guns or perfguns
  • perforating guns are used to activate wells for oil and gas production.
  • the surrounding rock in the borehole is destroyed by means of a targeted blast in order to become more permeable for the fluid, i.e. oil or natural gas.
  • the outer tube of the perforation gun is also referred to as a hollow carrier.
  • the outer tube has the task of holding the perforation gun during the blast and must not be destroyed or significantly deformed in order to prevent the borehole from becoming blocked. This requires the outer tube material to be highly resistant to the extreme loads.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to create a perforation gun and in particular a perforation gun barrel that reliably withstands these loads.
  • this object is achieved by a perforation gun tube, which is characterized in that the tube consists of a steel alloy which, in addition to iron, includes the following alloying elements, specified in percent by mass: C 0.12-0.22% si 0.3-1.0% Mn 1.0-4% Cr 0.5 - 2% Mon 0.1 - 1%, V 0.05-0.2% Ti 0.02-0.1% and B 0.001 - 0.01% and melting impurities, and that the tube has a yield strength, R P0.2 , in the range of 750 to 1100 MPa.
  • the perforating gun barrel is also known as the barrel.
  • the steel alloy is also referred to below as a material or alloy. Contents of alloying elements are given in percent by mass, but are only referred to as percent if necessary. Impurities caused by smelting are unavoidable impurities that occur during the production of the alloy.
  • a tube of a perforation gun is referred to as a perforation gun tube.
  • the perforation gun tube preferably represents the outer tube of a perforation gun and can also be referred to as a hollow carrier.
  • the perforation gun is also referred to as a perfgun or perforating gun.
  • the tube is preferably produced seamlessly from a solid billet or hollow billet, for example by a conventional push bench process or the known Mannesmann rolling process and, if necessary, stretch-reducing rolling.
  • the pipe according to the invention has a yield strength R P0.2 of at least 750 MPa, in particular in the range from 800 to 1100 MPa.
  • the tube has a yield strength, R P0.2 , in the range of 850 to 1050 MPa.
  • R P0.2 yield strength
  • the invention increases the resistance of the alloy and thus of the pipe to failure under highly dynamic loads, especially achieved during the explosion.
  • the tube preferably has a high strength sufficient to withstand the ambient pressure of the PerfGun prior to detonation.
  • the pipe preferably has a tensile strength R m of at least 1100 MPa, preferably up to a maximum of 1400 MPa.
  • the tube has a yield strength ratio R e /R m of less than 0.9, preferably less than 0.87, more preferably 0.8 or 0.7.
  • the tube preferably has an elongation at break of more than 10%, preferably more than 16%.
  • the tube preferably has an air-hardened, bainitic structure.
  • the perforation gun barrel has properties that take into account the stresses on the perforation gun. Advantages compared to conventionally tempered perforation gun barrels are the reduced energy consumption due to the saved heat treatment steps of hardening and tempering.
  • a structure which has at least 70 percent by area of bainite is preferably referred to as a bainitic structure.
  • the structure can also have martensite, austenite and/or ferrite.
  • the tube according to the invention is preferably hardened after a heat treatment in air.
  • a cooling rate of 4 to 6 K/s, preferably 5 K/s, is preferably used here.
  • the tube has been subjected to at least one cold forming step.
  • the dislocation density can be increased.
  • the cold forming preferably represents a straightening of the tube. In this way, in particular, the yield point of the perforation gun tube can be further increased.
  • the perforating gun tube can have several, in particular locally limited, sections of reduced wall thickness, which serve as predetermined breaking points. These locally limited sections are preferably punctiform or circular sections.
  • the tube preferably has at least one predetermined breaking point in the form of a reduced wall thickness.
  • the predetermined breaking point can be a round indentation on the outside or the inside of the tube.
  • the locally limited sections, ie the predetermined breaking points, are provided in the perforation gun barrel to form wall openings on the perforation gun barrel when ignition charges introduced into the perforation gun barrel are ignited.
  • carbon is present in a range between 0.12 and 0.22% by mass. Carbon ensures hardening of the material. If the carbon content is too low, ie if it is below 0.12% in particular, the strength of the alloy is too low, ie the strength required for the stresses of a perf gun cannot be achieved. On the other hand, if the carbon content is too high, i.e. if it is over 0.22% by mass, the weldability of the material and thus of the PerfGun made from the material is impaired. With the carbon contained according to the invention, a strength of the material can also be achieved in which the addition of expensive alloying elements, such as molybdenum, can be sufficient to increase strength, even in small amounts. In one embodiment, the carbon content of the alloy is between 0.15-0.22%, preferably 0.17 and 0.2% by mass. In this area, the above Effects of carbon are used particularly well, or its negative influences are limited.
  • silicon is present in an amount of 0.3-1.0% by mass, preferably 0.3-0.9% by mass.
  • the addition of silicon in this area increases the strength of the alloy according to the invention by solid solution strengthening.
  • an increase in the hardenability of the material and thus an increase in strength is also achieved with silicon.
  • the effect of silicon is weaker than that of chromium or manganese. Therefore, according to the invention, at least 0.3% by mass of silicon is contained in the alloy. If the silicon content is too low, the required strength of the perforation gun barrel will not be achieved. If the silicon content is too high, there will be increased segregation and the associated risk of cracks during hardening or cold processing.
  • the silicon content in the alloy according to the invention is therefore at most 1.0% by mass.
  • the silicon content of the alloy is between 0.4 and 0.85% by mass, preferably between 0.5 and 0.7% by mass. In these areas, the above-mentioned effects of silicon can be used particularly well, or its negative influences can be limited.
  • manganese is contained in the alloy in an amount of 1.0-4% by mass, preferably 1.2-3.5% by mass.
  • the addition of manganese increases the hardenability of the material and increases the strength.
  • the addition of manganese in the specified amount also achieves air-hardening properties of the material.
  • manganese contributes to increasing the strength through mixed crystal strengthening, which is also referred to as solid solution strengthening.
  • the manganese content of the alloy is between 1.4 and 3.0% by mass, preferably between 1.6 and 2.5% by mass, in particular between 2.0 and 2.3% by mass. In these areas, the above-mentioned effects of manganese can be used particularly well.
  • chromium is present in an amount ranging from 0.5 to 2% by mass. On the one hand, this increases the through-hardenability of the material and increases the strength. On the other hand, air-hardening properties are achieved by adding the specified quantity of chromium. According to the invention, the amount of chromium is limited to a maximum of 2% by mass. A higher chromium content can lead to the precipitation of chromium carbides and thus to a deterioration in the weld union. In one embodiment, the chromium content of the alloy is between 0.5 and 1.5% by mass, for example between 1.0 and 1.8% by mass and in particular from 1.3 to 1.5% by mass. In this area, the above-mentioned effects of chromium can be used particularly well, or its negative influences can be limited.
  • molybdenum is contained in the alloy in an amount of 0.1 to 1% by mass.
  • the hardenability of the material can be further increased and the strength can be increased.
  • molybdenum like vanadium, can improve tempering resistance.
  • molybdenum reduces the tendency to embrittlement under thermal stress, which is also referred to as tempering embrittlement. In particular, 500°C embrittlement can be avoided.
  • the molybdenum content of the alloy is between 0.1 and 0.7% by mass, for example between 0.14 and 0.7% by mass, in particular between 0.17 and 0.3% by mass. In this area, the above-mentioned effects of molybdenum can be used particularly well, or its negative influences can be limited.
  • vanadium is present in amounts of at least 0.05 to 0.2% by mass. Adding vanadium in these amounts can increase tempering resistance. In addition, a deterioration in the mechanical parameters, in particular the strength and deformation parameters, after thermal Stress reduced by formation of vanadium carbonitrides. In addition, the air-hardenability of the alloy is supported by the targeted addition of vanadium.
  • the vanadium content of the alloy is between 0.05 and 0.15% by mass, preferably between 0.06 and 0.15% by mass. In this area, the above-mentioned effects of vanadium can be used particularly well, or its negative influences can be limited.
  • Titanium is contained in an amount ranging from 0.02 - 0.1% by mass.
  • any nitrogen present in the alloy which can be present in the alloy, for example, if vacuum degassing is omitted, can be bound.
  • the formation of boron nitrides is thus prevented and the effect of boron, in particular the hardenability-increasing effect, can be utilized.
  • the alloy contains less than 0.02% by mass of titanium or no titanium is present, boron nitrides would form and the hardenability-increasing effect of boron could no longer be used.
  • the titanium content of the alloy is between 0.03 and 0.1% by mass, preferably between 0.04 and 0.08% by mass. In this area, the above-mentioned effects of titanium can be used particularly well, or its negative influences can be limited.
  • boron is contained in the alloy in a range of 0.001-0.01% by mass. This further increases the through-hardenability of the material.
  • the boron content of the alloy is between 0.001 and 0.006% by mass, preferably between 0.0015 and 0.0025% by mass. In this area, the above-mentioned effects of boron can be used particularly well,
  • a temper-resistant material is thus created with the alloy according to the invention, which also ensures that the material is hardened, has increased strength and can nevertheless be welded.
  • the material has increased through-hardenability, which further increases its strength elevated.
  • the alloy according to the invention also has air-hardening properties and the tendency to embrittlement is reduced.
  • the alloy according to the invention has a high temperature resistance.
  • due to the low contents of chromium, vanadium and molybdenum in the alloy according to the invention the costs are reduced.
  • the steel alloy expressed as a percentage by mass, consists of: C 0.17 - 0.20% si 0.5 - 0.7% Mn 1.7 - 2.2% Cr 0.6-1.4% Mon 0.1-0.2% V 0.05 - 0.10% Ti 0.03 - 0.08% B 0.0010 - 0.0030%
  • a tube according to the invention made from this steel alloy has a yield strength Re of at least 800 MPa--in the straightened state even more than 850 MPa--and a tensile strength Rm of at least 1150 MPa and a yield strength ratio R e /R m of less than 0.80.
  • the steel alloy consists of, expressed as a percentage by mass: C 0.18% si 0.6% Mn 2.1% Cr 0.6-1.4% Mon 0.1-0.2% V 0.07% Ti 0.05% B 0.0020% The remainder is iron and impurities caused by the smelting process.
  • Alloy 1 C 0.18% si 0.6% Mn 2.1% Cr 1.4% Mon 0.2% V 0.07% Ti 0.05% B 0.0020% The remainder is iron and impurities caused by the smelting process.
  • Alloy 2 C 0.18% si 0.6% Mn 2.1% Cr 0.6% Mon 0.2% V 0.07% Ti 0.05% B 0.0020% The remainder is iron and impurities caused by the smelting process.
  • Alloy 3 C 0.18% si 0.6% Mn 2.1% Cr 0.6% Mon 0.1% V 0.07% Ti 0.05% B 0.0020% The remainder is iron and impurities caused by the smelting process.
  • the alloy used according to the invention can have at least one of the following alloying elements in the ranges specified in percent by mass: Al 0.03 - 0.05% no max 0.2% Cu max 0.22% sn 0.02% or less P max 0.015% S 0.003% or less N max 0.014%.
  • the invention relates to a perforation gun, which is characterized in that it comprises a perforation gun barrel according to the invention.
  • the perforating gun barrel is the outer tube of the perforating gun barrel.
  • the perforation gun 1 includes a perforation gun tube 10, which can also be referred to as a hollow carrier.
  • the perforation gun barrel 10 is preferably a seamless tubular element.
  • Locally limited areas 100 with a reduced wall thickness are introduced into the perforation gun barrel 10 .
  • the locally limited areas 100 each have a circular area.
  • the areas 100 are distributed along the length of the perforating gun barrel 10 .
  • An ignition unit 11 with ignition charges is introduced into the perforation gun barrel 10 .
  • the explosive material of the ignition charge is ignited by the ignition unit 11 and as a result, on the one hand, the areas 100 of the perforation gun barrel 10 are opened and, on the other hand, the surrounding material, for example rock, is perforated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
EP21212558.7A 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur Pending EP4190935A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21212558.7A EP4190935A1 (fr) 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur
US18/074,786 US20230175360A1 (en) 2021-12-06 2022-12-05 Perforating gun tube and perforating gun

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21212558.7A EP4190935A1 (fr) 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4190935A1 true EP4190935A1 (fr) 2023-06-07

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ID=79024563

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21212558.7A Pending EP4190935A1 (fr) 2021-12-06 2021-12-06 Tube de pistolet perforateur et pistolet perforateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20230175360A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4190935A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007023306A1 (de) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Benteler Stahl/Rohr Gmbh Verwendung einer Stahllegierung für Mantelrohre zur Perforation von Bohrlochverrohrungen sowie Mantelrohr
DE102015111150A1 (de) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-12 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Stahllegierung, insbesondere für Fahrwerks- oder Antriebsbauteil, und Fahrwerks- oder Antriebsbauteil
DE102015119839A1 (de) * 2015-11-17 2017-05-18 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Stahllegierung mit hohem Energieaufnahmevermögen und Stahlrohrprodukt
DE112017006053T5 (de) * 2016-11-30 2019-09-19 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Hochfestes und hochzähes rohr für eine perforier-pistole und herstellungsverfahren dafür

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007023306A1 (de) * 2007-05-16 2008-11-20 Benteler Stahl/Rohr Gmbh Verwendung einer Stahllegierung für Mantelrohre zur Perforation von Bohrlochverrohrungen sowie Mantelrohr
DE102015111150A1 (de) * 2015-07-09 2017-01-12 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Stahllegierung, insbesondere für Fahrwerks- oder Antriebsbauteil, und Fahrwerks- oder Antriebsbauteil
DE102015119839A1 (de) * 2015-11-17 2017-05-18 Benteler Steel/Tube Gmbh Stahllegierung mit hohem Energieaufnahmevermögen und Stahlrohrprodukt
DE112017006053T5 (de) * 2016-11-30 2019-09-19 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Hochfestes und hochzähes rohr für eine perforier-pistole und herstellungsverfahren dafür

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Publication number Publication date
US20230175360A1 (en) 2023-06-08

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