EP4185741A1 - Synthese de billes composites revëtues d'oxyde de manganese lamellaire et utilisation de telles billes pour eliminer des elements toxiques contenus dans des fluides - Google Patents
Synthese de billes composites revëtues d'oxyde de manganese lamellaire et utilisation de telles billes pour eliminer des elements toxiques contenus dans des fluidesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4185741A1 EP4185741A1 EP21752094.9A EP21752094A EP4185741A1 EP 4185741 A1 EP4185741 A1 EP 4185741A1 EP 21752094 A EP21752094 A EP 21752094A EP 4185741 A1 EP4185741 A1 EP 4185741A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- manganese oxide
- electrochemical cell
- compartment
- electrode
- electrolytic solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/06—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising oxides or hydroxides of metals not provided for in group B01J20/04
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3202—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the carrier, support or substrate used for impregnation or coating
- B01J20/3204—Inorganic carriers, supports or substrates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
- B01J20/3231—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating characterised by the coating or impregnating layer
- B01J20/3234—Inorganic material layers
- B01J20/3236—Inorganic material layers containing metal, other than zeolites, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, sulphides or salts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D17/00—Constructional parts, or assemblies thereof, of cells for electrolytic coating
- C25D17/16—Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk
- C25D17/18—Apparatus for electrolytic coating of small objects in bulk having closed containers
- C25D17/20—Horizontal barrels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D9/00—Electrolytic coating other than with metals
- C25D9/04—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials
- C25D9/08—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes
- C25D9/10—Electrolytic coating other than with metals with inorganic materials by cathodic processes on iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/203—Iron or iron compound
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
- C02F2101/206—Manganese or manganese compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/301—Detergents, surfactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/306—Pesticides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/34—Organic compounds containing oxygen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
- C02F2305/08—Nanoparticles or nanotubes
Definitions
- TITLE SYNTHESIS OF COMPOSITE BEADS COATED WITH LAMELLAR MANGANESE OXIDE AND USE OF SUCH BEADS TO ELIMINATE TOXIC ELEMENTS CONTAINED IN FLUIDS
- the present invention generally relates to conductive balls coated with a lamellar manganese oxide, as well as their method of manufacture.
- the present invention also relates to the use of such balls in depollution treatments for fluids containing toxic elements such as heavy metals or organic pollutants.
- the Applicant has developed a process for the synthesis by electrochemistry of thin films of pure manganese oxides deposited on a planar conductive support [1] to [5] , with perfectly controlled nanostructures (as illustrated in [Fig 6]).
- These thin films of manganese oxides are pure and have much higher removal capacities than the manganiferous sands usually used for the treatment of drinking mineral water.
- the fact that they are deposited in the form of thin films on flat plates of centimeter size is not compatible with direct use in current industrial depollution installations.
- the Applicant has developed a process for depositing manganese oxide on essentially spherical particles, and in particular of millimeter size, because industries specializing in pollution control treatments routinely use materials in powder.
- the major difficulties were to obtain on these objects of millimeter size a deposit with the same quality as those synthesized on a flat plate of centimeter size, and to make this deposit on several balls at the same time, in order to be able to consider possible productions on a larger scale.
- the applicant has developed a method of synthesis by electrodeposition of lamellar oxide on conductive particles, in particular of stainless steel.
- manganese oxide is not deposited by electrodeposition, but by a dry route (sol-gel route and spraying) and by a wet route by precipitation in a basic medium in the presence of an oxidant.
- these are long and difficult processes to implement and the manganese oxide formed does not have a nanostructure, which makes it more fragile.
- the sorption properties of these materials are too low because they are less than mg/g for the sorption of manganese.
- composite balls each comprising a support particle made of conductive material, said support particle having a three-dimensional shape, and a continuous and nanostructured coating covering said support particle, said coating consisting of a manganese oxide lamellar belonging to the family of phyllomanganates and having a nanostructure in sheets of average thickness e and of length L, said bead being characterized in that:
- the lamellar manganese oxide constituting the coating is H-Birnessite with sheets whose average thickness e is between 1 and 50 nm, and is preferably of the order of 10 nm and whose length L of the sheets is between 0.2 ⁇ m and 3 miti, and preferably of the order of 0.5 ⁇ m.
- conductive material is meant, within the meaning of the present invention relating to the synthesis of lamellar oxide on balls by electrodeposition, an electrically conductive material.
- the carrier particle conductive material can be chosen from the group consisting of glasses coated with a semiconductor, semiconductors, stainless steels, noble metals and mixtures thereof.
- the coating consisting of a lamellar manganese oxide is a black colored coating (as illustrated in [Fig. 7] (right part) and [Fig. 8]), which makes it possible to distinguish the composite balls according to the invention which are coated with lamellar manganese oxide in accordance with the invention (balls of black color) support balls ([Fig. 7]: left part: these balls have a metallic luster when they are stainless steel balls ).
- continuous coating is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a coating covering at least 50% of the outer surface of the support particle, preferably at least 80% and better still at least 90% of the outer surface of the support particle. .
- Birnessite is a lamellar manganese oxide with the general formula (1):
- Birnessite is a very complex lamellar manganese oxide from the phyllomanganate family. This compound is usually defined by different formulas, and sometimes mistakenly assimilated to MnCh.
- the natural compound is generally poorly crystallized, it is composed of layers containing at least Mn(III) and Mn(IV), possibly with a little adsorbed Mn(ll), and hydrated cations inserted between these layers, as illustrated on [Fig.1].
- the sheets containing Mn(lll) and Mn(IV) are non-stoichiometric with a deficit of charges due to the presence of Mn(lll), which is compensated by hydrated cations inserted between the sheets so that the whole is neutral .
- the sheets repeat on average every 7.2 A, along the c axis. This distance depends on the nature of the inserted cation.
- FIG.1 shows an example of the crystal structure of triclinic Birnessite (left part of [Fig.1]) and an example of hexagonal Birnessite (right part of [Fig.1]).
- the lamellar manganese oxide constituting the coating of lamellar manganese oxide covering the support particles is H-Birnessite. It is a hexagonal birnessite with the theoretical formula Mh7q ⁇ 3.5H 2 q according to the X-Ray Diffraction sheets, and in practice with the formula (Mn2(lll)Mn5(IV)Oi3). There are other formulas to define H-Birnessite. This is due to the fact that the respective proportions of the Mn(III) and Mn(IV) species in the compound can change according to the synthesis conditions, and induce the more or less significant presence of vacancies. The presence of these vacancies is important to obtain high sorption capacities.
- Birnessite synthesized chemically by oxidation of Mn(ll) in solution occurs at very basic pH values above 8, and as a result, Na-Birnessite or K-Birnessite are systematically obtained, depending on the nature of the base. added to raise the pH, not the H-birnessite. Indeed, if one wishes to obtain H-birnessite by chemical synthesis via the oxidation of Mn(ll), it is necessary to go through an additional step which can be long, based on exchanges of cations in a very acid over several hours or even days.
- a stainless steel will be used as the conductive material of the support particle, and better still a stainless steel comprising 0.02% of C, 16 to 18% of Cr, 10.5 to 13% of Ni, 2 to 2 .5% Mo, 1% Si, 2% Mn, 0.04% P and 0.03% Si.
- a stainless steel is usually known by the following names: 316L according to the AISI standard in the United States of America, and Z2CND17-12 according to the AFNOR NF A 35573 standard in France.
- the support particles can have a spherical shape with a diameter D, which can preferably be between 0.3 mm and 2 mm.
- the composite balls according to the invention have the advantage of being able to be inserted directly into current industrial depollution installations without requiring modification of these installations and these filters because the covered composite balls have dimensions close to the manganiferous sands currently used. .
- the present invention also relates to the use of the balls according to the invention, in a process for depolluting a fluid containing at least one toxic element, for example a heavy metal or an organic pollutant.
- This fluid can be an aqueous solution or a gas.
- the fluid to be depolluted is an aqueous solution containing an organic pollutant chosen from the group consisting of detergents, drug residues, pesticides and in particular herbicides, organic dyes, formaldehyde, and aminoalkylphosphonic acids and/or at least one metallic toxic element selected from heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, and arsenic, and from metals such as manganese, iron, and mixtures thereof.
- an organic pollutant chosen from the group consisting of detergents, drug residues, pesticides and in particular herbicides, organic dyes, formaldehyde, and aminoalkylphosphonic acids and/or at least one metallic toxic element selected from heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, copper, nickel, and arsenic, and from metals such as manganese, iron, and mixtures thereof.
- organic dyes which may be contained in the fluid to be depolluted using the composite balls according to the invention, mention may in particular be made of carmine indigo and methylene blue.
- AMPA aminomethylphosphonic acid
- AMPA is the main metabolite of glyphosate, even more toxic and persistent than glyphosate. AMPA can also come from the degradation of phosphonates used as antiscalant agents in industrial and household detergents.
- the composite balls according to the invention may be used for the treatment of potable groundwater to eliminate toxic elements such as manganese and arsenic by sorption reactions (as manganiferous sands and activated carbons generally do) or organic pollutants such as pesticides, for example by degradation reactions.
- toxic elements such as manganese and arsenic by sorption reactions (as manganiferous sands and activated carbons generally do) or organic pollutants such as pesticides, for example by degradation reactions.
- the composite balls according to the invention are also capable of degrading organic pollutants.
- the composite balls according to the invention for the treatment of waste water of very diverse origins (for example drinking water, or waste water from industrial sites or from purification water, or even water raw (water that has not undergone any treatment).
- the fluid to be decontaminated is gaseous and the toxic element an organic pollutant can in particular be chosen from the group consisting of pesticides such as glyphosate and formaldehyde.
- the present invention also relates to a cell suitable for the electrodeposition of a coating of lamellar manganese oxide on support particles made of conductive material and of three-dimensional shape, said electrochemical cell comprising: a compartment intended to receive an electrolytic solution, in which are disposed a reference electrode, a working electrode serving as anode, and a counter-electrode serving as cathode, said electrochemical cell being characterized in that said working electrode consists of a conductive substrate on which are disposed said support particles, said conductive substrate constituting the bottom of said electrochemical cell, and said counter-electrode is made of a carbonaceous material covering said compartment, the conductive substrate and said counter-electrode being arranged facing each other and being separated from a distance equal to or less than 1 cm, and in that said electrochemical cell which further comprises an outer reservoir intended to be in fluid communication with said compartment by means of pumps, the volume of the outer reservoir representing at least three times that of said compartment, said pumps being suitable for circulating said electrolytic solution in said electrochemical cell.
- the volume of the outer reservoir represents at least three times, and preferably at least six times, that of said compartment, so as to i) avoid the presence of air bubbles in the electrochemical cell, which result in an inhomogeneous deposit of manganese oxide and ii) keeping the Mn(ll) concentration constant in the electrolyte solution.
- the outer tank of the electrochemical cell according to the invention can advantageously be in the form of a tube.
- a reservoir can be used that can contain approximately 15 mL of electrolytic solution, for a cell whose centimetric dimensions are approximately of the order of 8 cm long by 3.2 cm wide.
- the counter-electrode of the electrochemical cell according to the invention can advantageously be a polyimide film doped with carbon.
- conductive substrate constituting the working electrode use may in particular be made of a stainless steel substrate, or a substrate consisting of fluorine-doped tin oxide.
- a stainless steel substrate or a substrate consisting of fluorine-doped tin oxide.
- the conductive tin oxide substrate marketed by the company SOLEMS (with a surface resistance of 120 W/cm 2 ) will be used.
- Another subject of the present invention is a process for the manufacture of composite balls according to the invention, by electrodeposition of a coating of manganese oxide of the H-Birnessite type on support particles made of conductive material and of three-dimensional shape, said process comprising the following steps:
- step A the electrochemical cell according to the invention as defined previously (step A) is used.
- step B consists in filling the compartment of the electrochemical cell with an aqueous electrolytic solution containing dissolved oxygen and Mn(II) ions.
- the electrolyte solution may comprise: - manganese sulphate MnSC whose concentration is between 10 4 M and 5.10 3 M, preferably between 10 3 M and 5.10 3 M, and better still of the order of 1.6.10 3 M, and a support electrolyte consisting of sodium sulphate Na 2 SÜ 4 , the concentration of which is preferably of the order of 0.4 M.
- the pH of the electrolytic solution may be at most 8, preferably between 2 and 6, and better still between 5 and 6.
- the third step of the process (step C) consists of circulating the electrolytic solution using pumps between said compartment and said tank at a flow rate of between 0.5 mL/minute and 3 mL/minute, and preferably between 1 mL/minute and 3 mL/minute.
- the fourth step of the process (step D) consists in applying a potential E between the working electrode indicated above and the reference electrode of between 0.8 V and 1.1 V, so as to oxidize the Mn(ll) ions to the surface of the support particles according to the equation given above to electrodeposit the H-Birnessite.
- the range of potential E tested may be between 0.8 V and 1.1 V.
- the deposition of the material containing manganese is done at the level of the working electrode, on the support particles, by imposing the potential E.
- This will cause, at the level of the working electrode, the oxidation of the soluble Mn (II) species, present initially in solution, and produce insoluble Mn(III) and Mn(IV) species which will precipitate only at the working electrode, and this directly in the form of a thin adherent film nanostructured Birnessite.
- the oxidation reaction there is no solid present in solution (no powder).
- the principle of the deposit is illustrated in FIG. 2 in the case of the formation at the level of the anode of H-Birnessite of theoretical formula Mh7q ⁇ 3.5H 2 q (hydrated form of the formula).
- the electrochemical reaction can consist of a reduction of water or dissolved oxygen.
- FIG.1 - Figure 1 shows schematic representations of a triclinic Birnessite structure (left part of [Fig.1]) and a hexagonal Birnessite structure (right part of [Fig.1]);
- FIG.2 schematically shows the deposition of H-Birnessite (Mh7q ⁇ 3.5H 2 q) at the anode during step C of the process according to the invention
- FIG.3 shows a schematic top view of an electrochemical cell according to the invention
- FIG.4 shows a schematic view in longitudinal section along the longitudinal axis x of the electrochemical cell shown in Figure 3;
- FIG.5 - Figure 5 shows a schematic side sectional view along the lateral axis x of the electrochemical cell shown in [Fig.3] and [Fig.4];
- FIG.6 shows a photograph taken under an optical microscope of a stainless steel plate, which is coated with H-Birnessite by electrodeposition in a conventional electrochemical cell in accordance with a method of the prior art developed by the Applicant, as well as a photograph taken under a scanning electron microscope (x3000 magnification, with an area enlarged at x20000 magnification) showing that this lamellar oxide has a sheet structure;
- FIG.7 shows a photograph of stainless steel balls coated with lamellar manganese oxide in accordance with the method according to the invention: these photographs show that the rate of recovery of the balls by the manganese oxide is d at least 80%;
- FIG.8 is a photograph of composite balls according to the invention fully coated with lamellar manganese oxide electrodeposited in accordance with the method according to the invention;
- FIG.9 - figure 9 shows two photographs taken with a scanning electron microscope (X32 and X3000) of a bare stainless steel ball (diameter 2 mm) prior to the deposition of lamellar manganese oxide according to the method according to invention;
- FIG.10 shows a first photograph taken under a scanning electron microscope (X32) of a stainless steel ball (diameter 2 mm) coated with lamellar manganese oxide in accordance with the method according to the invention ( photograph on the left), as well as three photographs taken under an electron microscope of this ball at different magnifications (respectively X1000, X3000 and X20000 from left to right);
- FIG.11 - figure 11 is the Raman spectrum of a film of H-Birnessite electrodeposited on a glass plate covered with SnÜ2 doped with fluorine, marketed by the company SOLEMS (120 W/cnri 2 ), according to the conditions developed in previous work of the applicant [5] .
- the bands present on this spectrum are characteristic of H-Birnessite according to the scientific literature 181 .
- FIG.12 - figure 12 shows the Raman spectrum (curve B) of a stainless steel ball coated with lamellar manganese oxide in accordance with the method according to the invention, in comparison with the spectrum of a steel ball uncoated stainless (curve A);
- FIG.3] to [Fig.5] schematically illustrate an example of an electrochemical cell 2 according to the invention which comprises a compartment 20 intended to receive an electrolytic solution 21, and in which are arranged a reference electrode 22, a work 23 serving as the anode, and a counter-electrode 24 serving as the cathode.
- the space between the counter-electrode 24 (serving as cathode) and the working electrode 23 (anode) constitutes the compartment 20 intended to contain the electrolytic solution 21.
- the working electrode 23 (anode) consists of a fluorine-doped SnÜ2 conductive substrate (having a contact surface of 2.25 cm 2 ) which is marketed by the company SOLEMS (120 W/cm 2 ), and balls support 10 which are arranged on the substrate.
- a silver chloride Ag/AgCl/0.1 M NaCl electrode (3 mm in diameter) whose potential is Eref 0.29 V/ENH is also used as reference electrode 22.
- counter-electrode 24 is a large-surface counter-electrode 24 advantageously made of a carbon-doped polyimide (kapton) film. It is possible, for example, to use the material marketed by the company Goodfellow (with a surface resistance of 370 W/cm 2 ).
- the volume of the compartment 20 is very small (less than 2 mL) because the electrodes 23, 24 are parallel and separated from each other by a distance of less than 1 cm (in particular of the order of a few millimeters).
- the thickness of the electrolytic solution 21 (not visible in FIGS. 3 to 5) located above the conductive substrate constituting the working electrode 23 is less than or equal to 1 or 2 mm, and the stainless steel balls 10 are very close to the electrodes 23, 24.
- FIG.4 shows more particularly that in the electrochemical cell 2, the electrolytic solution 21 in continuous flow between the compartment 20 and an external reservoir 25, containing approximately 15 mL of electrolytic solution and in fluid communication with this compartment 20 via pumps 26 (and more particularly micropumps) capable of circulating the electrolytic solution 21 in the electrochemical cell 2 at a flow rate of the order of 1 mL/minute. This allows a low but continuous renewal of the electrolytic solution 21.
- lamellar manganese oxide is deposited on a Z2CND17-12 stainless steel plate according to the AFNOR NF A 35573 standard.
- an Hg/Hg2S04/K2S04 mercurous sulfate electrode is used as reference electrode 22.
- ECS saturated calomel electrode
- the duration of the test is of the order of 1 hour.
- FIG.6 shows a photograph taken under an optical microscope of a stainless steel plate, which is coated with H-Birnessite by electrodeposition in a conventional electrochemical cell in accordance with a method of the prior art developed by the Applicant, as well as a photograph taken under a scanning electron microscope (x3000 magnification, with an area enlarged at x20000 magnification) showing that this lamellar oxide has a sheet structure.
- Second embodiment electrodeposition of lamellar manganese oxide on stainless steel balls (diameter 2 mm) in accordance with the method according to the invention.
- balls of stainless steel Z2CND17-12 according to the AFNOR NF A 35573 standard are used, which are deposited on the conductive substrate 20 of the working electrode 23, in the electrochemical cell 2 according to the invention shown in [Fig.3] to [Fig.5].
- the electrolytic solution 21 this has not been degassed and comprises manganese sulphate MnS04 at a rate of 1.6.10 3 M, and sodium sulphate Na 2 S ⁇ 4 at a rate of 0.4 M the free pH is between 5 and 6.
- the electrolyte solution is circulated between compartment 20 and reservoir 25 using pumps 26, at an adjustable flow rate of the order of 1 mL/minute (step C of the method according to the invention) and a potential E between the working electrode (23) and the reference electrode 22 of 0.9 V (step D of the method according to the invention).
- the continuous renewal of the electrolytic solution 21 in the electrochemical cell 2 makes it possible to avoid a depletion of the concentration of Mn(II) ions in the solution. electrolytic 21, so that the concentration of Mn(ll) ions in the compartment 20 is at least equal to 80% of the value of the concentration of Mn(ll) ions in the outer reservoir 25.
- the duration is typically of the order of 2 to 20 hours, and typically to avoid exhaustion of the electrolytic solution, while making it possible to ensure a homogeneous deposition of lamellar manganese oxide.
- FIG.8 is a photograph of composite balls according to the invention fully coated with lamellar manganese oxide and [Fig.10] shows a first photograph taken under a scanning electron microscope (X32) of a stainless steel ball ( 2 mm in diameter) coated with lamellar manganese oxide in accordance with the process according to the invention (photograph on the left).
- X32 scanning electron microscope
- FIG.9 shows photographs taken under a scanning electron microscope (X32 and X3000) of a bare stainless steel ball (diameter 2 mm) prior to the deposition of lamellar manganese oxide according to the process according to the invention.
- Figure 9 clearly shows that the surface of the stainless steel ball is perfectly smooth without any particular nanostructure.
- the coating 11 of lamellar manganese oxide was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as illustrated by the three SEM photographs of [Fig.10] taken at different magnifications (respectively X1000, X3000 and X20000 from left to right). law). These SEM photographs show that the deposit of lamellar manganese oxide is very homogeneous and highly nanostructured, and perfectly resembles that obtained on a stainless steel plate in Example 1: the sheet structure shown in [Fig. 6] (example 1, deposit on a stainless steel plate) is very similar to that shown by the SEM photograph of [Fig.10] (deposition on stainless steel balls) obtained with a magnification X20000).
- SEM scanning electron microscopy
- the sizes of the layers (length L and thickness e) of the manganese oxide coating are ten times smaller than those obtained on stainless steel plates (cf. comparative example 1), but this difference in size is due to the experimental conditions.
- Coating 11 of lamellar manganese oxide was also characterized by RAMAN spectroscopy, as shown in Figure 12.
- the characteristic bands correspond to the 3 bands surrounded and located respectively at 500 cm 1 , 572 cm 1 , 646 cm 1 according to one of the main literature references indicated below (measurements on birnessite powders ).
- Figure 11 shows that these same bands are obtained for films synthesized by electrochemistry identified as H-Birnessite according to values from the scientific literature 181 .
- FIG. 12 together shows the spectrum of a stainless steel ball without deposit (substrate alone; lower curve A) with the spectrum of a composite ball according to the invention covered with a deposit synthesized by electrochemistry (upper curve B).
- upper curve B shows the characteristic bands of the coating electrodeposited on the balls at exactly the same values as those of the films, thus confirming that it is indeed H-Birnessite.
- EP 1698395 (A1) European patent application: An adsorptive-filtration media for the capture of waterborne or airbone constituents.
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- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrodes For Compound Or Non-Metal Manufacture (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2007733A FR3112769B1 (fr) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | SYNTHESE DE BILLES COMPOSITES REVETUES d’OXYDE DE MANGANESE LAMELLAIRE ET UTILISATION DE TELLES BILLES POUR ELIMINER DES ELEMENTS TOXIQUES CONTENUS DANS DES FLUIDES |
| PCT/FR2021/051370 WO2022018383A1 (fr) | 2020-07-23 | 2021-07-22 | SYNTHESE DE BILLES COMPOSITES REVËTUES d'OXYDE DE MANGANESE LAMELLAIRE ET UTILISATION DE TELLES BILLES POUR ELIMINER DES ELEMENTS TOXIQUES CONTENUS DANS DES FLUIDES |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4185741A1 true EP4185741A1 (fr) | 2023-05-31 |
Family
ID=74205908
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21752094.9A Pending EP4185741A1 (fr) | 2020-07-23 | 2021-07-22 | Synthese de billes composites revëtues d'oxyde de manganese lamellaire et utilisation de telles billes pour eliminer des elements toxiques contenus dans des fluides |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230303411A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4185741A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3112769B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022018383A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6468942B1 (en) * | 2000-11-16 | 2002-10-22 | John J. Sansalone | Absorptive-filtration media for the capture of waterborne or airborne constituents |
| US7635461B2 (en) * | 2003-06-06 | 2009-12-22 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Composite combustion catalyst and associated methods |
| US7670679B2 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2010-03-02 | General Electric Company | Core-shell ceramic particulate and method of making |
| US9539543B2 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2017-01-10 | Basf Corporation | Mechanically fused materials for pollution abatement in mobile and stationary sources |
| JP2010285663A (ja) * | 2009-06-12 | 2010-12-24 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | 金属被覆粒子の製造装置 |
| JP5598844B2 (ja) * | 2010-03-30 | 2014-10-01 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | マンガン酸化物の製造方法 |
| US20120245019A1 (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2012-09-27 | Brookhaven Science Associates, Llc | Method and Electrochemical Cell for Synthesis of Electrocatalysts by Growing Metal Monolayers, or Bilayers and Treatment of Metal, Carbon, Oxide and Core-Shell Nanoparticles |
| US20130115453A1 (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2013-05-09 | Nanyang Technological University | Hybrid nanostructure, a method for forming the hybrid nanostructure, and an electrode including a plurality of the hybrid nanostructures |
| CN102502851A (zh) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 上海大学 | 在金属钛基片上合成二氧化锰薄膜的方法 |
| CN102515275A (zh) * | 2011-11-18 | 2012-06-27 | 上海大学 | 多层层状结构二氧化锰薄膜的制备方法 |
| JP6065600B2 (ja) * | 2013-01-18 | 2017-01-25 | 国立大学法人山口大学 | 光電極、光電変換素子及び光電極の製造方法 |
| CN103785345B (zh) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-03-02 | 武汉大学 | 一种负载型二氧化锰吸附剂及利用其预处理苯胺废水的方法 |
| EP3067313A1 (fr) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-09-14 | Consejo Superior De Investigaciones Cientificas | Matériau d'électrode comprenant des nanofils de silicium recouverts par un revêtement nanostructuré d'oxyde mésoporeux et des électrolytes liquides ioniques pour des applications de stockage d'énergie |
| EP3121877A1 (fr) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-01-25 | Basf Se | Particules coeur-écorce comprenant du soufre élémentaire et du dioxyde de manganèse pour des cathodes des cellules de soufre de lithium et synthèse de ces particules |
| CN108671888B (zh) * | 2018-05-21 | 2020-11-13 | 徐州工程学院 | 一种N-CDs@δ-MnO2纳米复合材料的制备方法及应用 |
| CN113871212B (zh) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-12-27 | 桂林电子科技大学 | 一种具有核壳结构的二氧化锰/碳膜复合材料及其制备方法和应用 |
-
2020
- 2020-07-23 FR FR2007733A patent/FR3112769B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-07-22 US US18/017,435 patent/US20230303411A1/en active Pending
- 2021-07-22 EP EP21752094.9A patent/EP4185741A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-07-22 WO PCT/FR2021/051370 patent/WO2022018383A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3112769A1 (fr) | 2022-01-28 |
| WO2022018383A1 (fr) | 2022-01-27 |
| US20230303411A1 (en) | 2023-09-28 |
| FR3112769B1 (fr) | 2022-09-09 |
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