EP4180739A1 - Installation de chauffage avec pompe à chaleur pour bâtiments - Google Patents

Installation de chauffage avec pompe à chaleur pour bâtiments Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4180739A1
EP4180739A1 EP22206724.1A EP22206724A EP4180739A1 EP 4180739 A1 EP4180739 A1 EP 4180739A1 EP 22206724 A EP22206724 A EP 22206724A EP 4180739 A1 EP4180739 A1 EP 4180739A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
heat exchanger
chimney
heating system
heat
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22206724.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Sonnekalb
Carl Heinrich SCHMITT
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Konvekta AG
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Konvekta AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Konvekta AG filed Critical Konvekta AG
Publication of EP4180739A1 publication Critical patent/EP4180739A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
    • F24D3/18—Hot-water central heating systems using heat pumps

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically operable heating system for use in a building second heat exchanger includes.
  • the refrigerant circuit can be operated in heat pump mode for heating a heat transfer medium of a secondary circuit and the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit is in direct or indirect heat exchange connection with air of an air flow via the second heat exchanger.
  • the components of the refrigeration cycle are connected to refrigerant lines for flowing the refrigerant in the cycle.
  • the refrigerant In the compressor, the refrigerant is heated by compression and brought to a high pressure and expanded again in the expansion device, where it cools down.
  • a condenser/gas cooler is designed either as a condenser or as a gas cooler. If the refrigerant such as CO2 is operated supercritically in the condenser/gas cooler, this acts as a gas cooler and in versions in which the refrigerant such as R-1234yf is only operated undercritically, it acts as a condenser.
  • a purely electrically operated heating system with a refrigerant circuit that can be used as a heat pump is often used to heat room air in buildings.
  • Geothermal energy is often used here, but the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger used as an evaporator does not receive the heat from the air in an air flow.
  • Heating systems with a refrigerant circuit that can be operated as a heat pump are known, in which the refrigerant absorbs the heat from the air in an air flow in the second heat exchanger used as an evaporator.
  • air from the air flow is often fed in from the outside through an extra opening in the building wall and also discharged through an additional opening in the building wall.
  • the openings for the supplied and discharged air must also be separated from one another in such a way that the discharged air is not sucked in again. In older buildings that were previously heated with fuel, in particular, these openings do not yet exist and are difficult to implement. This means an additional effort.
  • Air lines have to be laid if the heating system with a refrigerant circuit that can be operated as a heat pump is installed in a boiler room instead of the previous fuel-operated heating system.
  • the air conveying devices used for the air flow generate disturbing noise, especially when the air is discharged to the outside through the building wall.
  • This disadvantage is particularly striking in the case of a two-part design of the heating system, in which the part with the second heat exchanger that can be operated as an evaporator is arranged outside the building.
  • An arrangement of the heating system on the building roof is often not possible or impractical, especially in smaller buildings that do not have a suitable flat roof, especially since the heat generated must be transported downwards against the direction of convection.
  • EP 2 336 652 B1 and in DE 10 2014 207 540 A1 discloses a heating system with a refrigerant circuit that can only be operated in heat pump mode, in which heat from the exhaust gases of the fuel-operated part of the heating system is used.
  • the exhaust gases after giving off heat to the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit, which is operated as an evaporator, are discharged upwards through a chimney in the building.
  • the in EP 2 336 652 B1 and in DE 10 2014 207 540 A1 Heating systems shown disadvantageous for environmental and climate protection operated primarily with fuel, in particular the heat from the exhaust gases for the heat pump is used.
  • the heating system disclosed includes, in addition to a refrigerant circuit that can be operated as a heat pump, also includes a fuel-operated part that is intended for heating the room air in the building.
  • the part of the heating system with the heat pump is used to heat the service water used.
  • the heat for the heat pump is at EP 1 131 583 B1 via a second heat exchanger in the chimney, through which the exhaust gases from the fuel-operated part of the heating system are also routed.
  • the in EP 1 131 583 B1 has the further disadvantage of arranging the second heat exchanger of the refrigerant circuit in the chimney, which also includes positioning it in the chimney wall, because the heat exchanger has to be installed in the chimney and, given the already very limited space in the chimney, also requires space for the discharge of the exhaust gases provided chimney. In addition, the heat exchanger is exposed to the exhaust gases, which can lead to increased pollution and corrosion.
  • the heating system is an electrically operated heat pump, but the second heat exchanger, which can be operated as an evaporator, is also disadvantageously arranged there in the chimney of the building provided for the air flow.
  • a collecting duct summarizes as possible all exhaust air and exhaust gas flows in the building together to deliver heat to the evaporator of the heat pump.
  • the collecting duct is located as high as possible inside the building, so that air supplied through the chimney comes from below and the evaporator has a large distance to the other elements of the heat pump positioned below in the boiler room.
  • the in EP 0 027 147 A1 disclosed heat pump only operable in heat pump mode.
  • the invention specified in claim 1 is therefore based on the problem that in previously known heating systems for buildings operated electrically as heat pumps with a refrigerant circuit, in particular the flexibility in the operating mode and the arrangement and the air line for the heat exchange of air with refrigerant, which is in the Evaporator operated heat exchanger is in need of improvement.
  • a further problem relates to a new use of a chimney of a building previously used for the removal of exhaust gases from a fuel-fired heating system.
  • the heat transfer medium of the secondary circuit is, for example, water or a water-glycol mixture.
  • a direct arrangement of the heat exchange connection means that the heat exchange of air in the air flow with the refrigerant takes place directly via the second heat exchanger, which is designed as an air-refrigerant heat exchanger.
  • the indirect arrangement of the heat exchange connection means that the heat exchange of air in the air flow takes place with an intermediate heat transfer medium, which can be a water-glycol mixture, for example, and by means of this heat transfer medium the heat is transported, for example within a second secondary circuit, and then the heat exchange of refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, which is designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger, takes place with this heat transfer medium.
  • This heating system has the particular advantage that it can be operated purely electrically as a heat pump in an environmentally and climate-friendly manner, a relatively small one has space requirements and the chimney of the building is also used for the air line, so that an extra opening in the building wall for the supply and/or removal of air for the heat exchange with the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger that can be operated as an evaporator is not required. Air flow noise nuisance is low due to air ducting through the chimney.
  • the heat exchange is independent of the space requirement in the chimney and the air can pass through the chimney without being obstructed by a heat exchanger.
  • the heating system can also be flexibly operated as an air conditioning system to cool the air from one or more interior rooms of the building and makes an additional air conditioning system unnecessary, which saves space and material.
  • the heating system according to the invention can be installed in the boiler room of an earlier fuel-operated heating system.
  • the heat transfer medium of the secondary circuit water and the secondary circuit are designed such that it is a heating circuit for heating room air from one or more interior rooms of the building during heat pump operation of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the refrigerant on the hot side of the refrigerant circuit thus gives off heat via the first heat exchanger operated as a condenser/gas cooler to the heat transfer medium of the secondary circuit designed as a heating circuit for heating the air in one or more interior rooms of the building, with the heat transfer medium being water as a well-suited, non-hazardous medium , non-toxic and inexpensive medium.
  • the first heat exchanger can be operated as an evaporator in the air-conditioning mode of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the heat transfer medium of the secondary circuit can be cooled in air conditioning mode or heated in heat pump mode in one and the same heat exchanger, which saves space and material.
  • the second heat exchanger can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler in the air-conditioning mode of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the refrigerant circuit has at least one additional heat exchanger that can be operated as an evaporator in air conditioning mode and/or at least one additional heat exchanger that can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler in air conditioning mode.
  • This provides a heat exchanger specially designed for use as an evaporator and/or a heat exchanger specially designed for use as a condenser/gas cooler, which increases the efficiency in air conditioning operation.
  • the heating system according to the invention preferably comprises at least one air conveying device, such as an axial fan, which is arranged in such a way that, during operation, it contributes to air in the air flow being discharged upwards through the chimney and/or from above through the chimney for heat exchange with the second heat exchanger located refrigerant is supplied.
  • One of the at least one air conveying device in the chimney in the area of the upper end is advantageous of the chimney arranged. As a result, the noise emitted by the air conveying device into the interior of the building is low.
  • the heat exchange connection of refrigerant via the second heat exchanger is in such an indirect arrangement with air of the air flow that the second heat exchanger is designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger in which the refrigerant is in heat exchange connection with a heat transfer medium of a second secondary circuit, wherein via a further heat exchanger arranged outside the chimney in the building in the second secondary circuit, heat transfer medium of the second secondary circuit is in heat exchange connection with air of the air flow.
  • the refrigerant circuit can thus be kept small, which saves refrigerant, and the position of the refrigerant circuit is not so dependent on the location of the air flow. In this case, other heat sources such as solar thermal energy are easier to couple into the heat pump. If the refrigerant is poisonous and/or flammable, it cannot easily escape into the air if there is a leak in the refrigerant circuit.
  • a heating device for heating air of the air flow is arranged downstream of the heat exchange connection of air with the refrigerant located in the second heat exchanger and upstream of the air guiding section provided for discharging the air upwards in the chimney.
  • Air cooled by the second heat exchanger is heated before entering the chimney, which improves the convection flow up the chimney, so that the air is better discharged upwards.
  • the air flow of air in the air flow in the respective air-guiding section runs through the chimney through one or more pipes arranged in the chimney.
  • the walls of the chimney are protected from the effects of the air, for example from moisture penetration with condensate, and in this way several separate air ducts can run through the chimney.
  • at least one of the tubes is preferably provided both for the supply of air of the air flow through the chimney and for the discharge of the air through the chimney at least one other of the tubes.
  • the air line for the supply of outside air in the air flow for the heat exchange with refrigerant located in the second heat exchanger is not routed through the chimney, but along a different route.
  • the air of the air flow is only discharged through the chimney of the building, which is particularly advantageous in the case of a very narrow chimney and there is a risk of an air lock excludes air to be supplied and discharged.
  • This other route for the supply air can preferably also lead through another chimney.
  • one or more air inlet openings for outside air for the supply of air for the heat exchange with refrigerants in the second heat exchanger are at such a large distance from the one or more air outlet openings to the outside for the removal of air after the heat exchange with them in the second heat exchanger located refrigerant arranged that an air gap of supplied and discharged air is avoided.
  • the air inlet opening is the top opening of the chimney of the fireplace and the air outlet opening is an opening of a pipe which leads far enough away from the chimney on the roof of the building.
  • the heating system is preferably designed in such a way that air not routed through the chimney, such as in particular room air of the building, can be mixed into the air flow for the heat exchange between air and refrigerant located in the second heat exchanger.
  • heated exhaust air from the interior of the building can also be used to transfer heat to the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger, which increases the effectiveness of the heating system.
  • This is an advantage over heat pumps where the evaporator is placed in the outdoor environment.
  • Another advantage is a design of the heating system in which the room air can be admixed with the air flow after the heat exchange between the air and the refrigerant in the second heat exchanger in front of or in the chimney. By adding the warmer room air as exhaust air, the air in the airflow is heated, which improves the convection flow through the chimney and reduces the relative humidity.
  • the refrigerant circuit with its components is preferably arranged on the ground floor of the building or possibly in the basement of the building.
  • the boiler rooms are usually located on the ground floor or in the basement of a building.
  • the refrigerant circuit with its components can be well arranged there, and so no additional space in the building needs to be used for it.
  • the heating room previously used for the heating system can continue to be used for the new heating system.
  • the problem relating to a building is solved with a building, such as in particular a residential building, with a chimney comprising a heating system according to the invention.
  • FIG 1 an embodiment of a heating system 1 of a building 3 is shown.
  • the heating system 1 can be operated purely electrically.
  • The includes a refrigerant circuit 5, which can be operated as a heat pump.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is arranged in the heating room 7 on the ground floor of the building 3 .
  • building 3 is a residential building.
  • the components of refrigerant circuit 5 include, in particular, an electrically operated compressor 9, a first heat exchanger 11 used as a condenser/gas cooler in heat pump operation, an expansion element 13 designed as an expansion valve, and a second heat exchanger 15 used as an evaporator in heat pump operation.
  • the components of the refrigerant circuit 5 are connected to refrigerant lines for flowing the refrigerant in the circuit.
  • the compressor 9 the refrigerant is heated by compression and to a high pressure brought and relaxed again in the expansion device 13, where it cools down.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is designed either as a condenser or as a gas cooler. If the refrigerant such as CO2 is operated supercritically in the first heat exchanger 11, it acts as a gas cooler and in versions in which the refrigerant such as R-1234yf is only operated subcritically, it acts as a condenser.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 is a double fluid heat exchanger such as a plate heat exchanger.
  • the secondary circuit 17 is a heating circuit for heating room air from one or more interior rooms and/or domestic water in the building 3, with the domestic water heating option in figure 1 is not shown for reasons of clarity. It comprises an electrically operable pump 19 for circulating the heat transfer medium heated in the first heat exchanger 11, as a result of which it reaches the heating heat exchangers 21 in the interior of the building 3 for heat exchange with the room air there.
  • the second heat exchanger 15 used as an evaporator in heat pump operation is an air/refrigerant heat exchanger.
  • the air of an air stream flowing through it gives off heat there to the coolant that is currently in the second heat exchanger 15 , so that it evaporates there and flows further in the direction of the compressor 9 .
  • the air flow is fed to the second heat exchanger 15 through an air line 23 .
  • the air inlet opening 25, through which the air flows from the outside into the air duct 23, is located in an outer wall of the building 3.
  • an air duct 27 guides the air flow with the cooled air through a chimney opening 29 into a chimney 31 in the building 3 Before that, room air is added to the air flow in the optional air admixer 33 arranged in the air line 27 .
  • the air of the airflow is eventually discharged up through the chimney 31 to the outside environment.
  • the air guide section 35 in the chimney 31 extends from the chimney opening 29 on the ground floor through the chimney 31 to the air outlet opening 37 as the upper end of the chimney 31.
  • This air outlet opening 37 to the outside environment is in this case the chimney opening of the chimney 31 on the roof of the building 3.
  • An electrically operable air conveying device 39 designed as an axial fan contributes during operation to the fact that air of the air flow is discharged upwards through the chimney 31 .
  • the second heat exchanger 15 is arranged in the heating room 7 outside the chimney 31 so that the heat exchange of the air of the air flow with the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 5 takes place outside of the chimney 31 in the building 3 .
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 of the heating system 1 can be operated in a switchable manner in air conditioning mode, which in figure 1 is illustrated with the directional arrows to the left of the compressor 9 .
  • the first heat exchanger 11 can be operated as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger 15 can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler.
  • the heating system 1 can also be used as an air conditioning system for cooling air be used in one or more interior rooms of the building 3, with the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit then functioning as a cooling circuit.
  • the air line 23 to the second heat exchanger 15 there is an air mixer 33 for mixing room air from one or more interior rooms of the building 3 with the air flow in the air line 23 .
  • the in figure 1 shown heating system 1 with an additional air conveying device 39, such as a radial fan, in the air line 23 to the second heat exchanger 15 conceivable.
  • the heating system 1 is controlled depending on the heating requirement or cooling requirement and the temperature of the outside air.
  • the power of the compressor 9, the pump 19 and the air conveying device/s 39 as well as the proportion of the room air mixed with the air flow and the operating mode of the refrigerant circuit 5 are controlled in particular.
  • FIG 2 is another embodiment of a heating system 1 of a building 3, such as a residential building shown.
  • the heating system 1 can be operated purely electrically.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is arranged in the heating room 7 on the ground floor. In a building 3 with a basement, the boiler room 7 can also be located there.
  • the arrangement and design of the refrigerant circuit 5 with the electrically operated compressor 9, the first heat exchanger 11 designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger, the expansion element 13 and the second heat exchanger 15 designed as an air-refrigerant heat exchanger corresponds to that in figure 1 shown version.
  • the secondary circuit 17, which is designed as a heating circuit and is thermally coupled to the refrigerant circuit 5 via the first heat exchanger 11, with the heat transfer medium that can circulate in it through the pump 19 and the heating heat exchanger 21, also corresponds to the figure 1 shown version.
  • the pipe 43 forms the air guide section 45 of the chimney 31 provided for the air supply. At the air inlet opening 25 of the pipe 43 at the top Outside air can flow in at the end of the chimney 31 .
  • the air conveying device 39 which is arranged in the upper area of the pipe 43 and is here an axial fan and conveyed downwards in the direction of the second heat exchanger 15 .
  • an axial fan another suitable type of air conveying device 39, such as a radial fan, is also conceivable.
  • the air conveying device 39 can be arranged at another suitable location on the air line 23 to the second heat exchanger 15 .
  • the pipe 43 leads bent in a horizontal direction through the chimney opening 47 into the heating room 7. From there, the air line 23 leads on to the second heat exchanger 15, where the air of the supplied air flow when the heating system 1 is in operation transfers heat to the refrigerant of the Refrigerant circuit 5 delivers.
  • An air admixer 33 for admixing room air to the air flow in the air line 23 is optionally arranged in front of it.
  • the Air line 27 In air flow downstream of the second heat exchanger 15 is in the Air line 27 optionally arranged a heating device 49 for heating the cooled air in the second heat exchanger 15 of the air flow, which can be switched on as far as necessary for better removal of the air through the chimney 31.
  • the air line 27 leads through the chimney opening 29 into the chimney 31, in which it runs further upwards with the further vertically arranged pipe 51.
  • the air guide section 35 in the chimney 31 for removing the air of the air flow is formed by the section of the further pipe 51 located in the chimney 31 .
  • a further air conveying device 39 which is designed as an axial fan, is optionally arranged in the pipe 51.
  • a further air conveying device 39 which is designed as an axial fan, is optionally arranged in the pipe 51.
  • another suitable type of air conveying device 39 such as a radial fan, is also conceivable.
  • this optional air conveying device 39 can be arranged at another suitable location on the air line 27 leading away from the second heat exchanger 15 , including the pipe 51 .
  • the pipe 51 bends sideways through an opening in the chimney of the chimney 31 and runs along the roof a little, so that the air outlet opening 37 for the air to be discharged at the upper end of the pipe 51 into the outside environment in one is arranged at such a large distance from the air inlet opening 25 that an air gap between the air to be supplied to the second heat exchanger 15 and the air discharged from the second heat exchanger 15 is avoided. It is also conceivable to have a sufficiently large partition between the air inlet opening 25 and the air outlet opening 37, so that the spatial distance between the air inlet opening 25 and the air outlet opening 37 can be significantly lower and thus the pipe 51 no longer needs to run on the roof of the building 3.
  • the second heat exchanger 15 is arranged outside of the chimney 31 in the building 3 so that the heat exchange of the air in the air flow with the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 5 takes place outside of the chimney 31 in the building 3 .
  • An air admixer 33 for admixing room air to the air flow is optionally arranged in the air line 27 between the second heat exchanger 15 and the heating device 49 .
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 of the heating system 1 can be switched over and operated in air-conditioning mode. what in figure 2 is illustrated with the directional arrows to the left of the compressor 9 .
  • the first heat exchanger 11 can be operated as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger 15 can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler.
  • the heating system 1 can also be used as an air conditioning system for cooling air in one or more interior rooms of the building 3, with the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit functioning as a cooling circuit.
  • the heating system 1 is controlled depending on the heating requirement or cooling requirement and the temperature of the outside air.
  • the power of the compressor 9, the pump 19, the heating device 49 and the air conveying device/s 39 as well as the proportion of the room air mixed with the air flow and the operating mode of the refrigerant circuit 5 are thus controlled in particular.
  • FIG 3 Another exemplary embodiment of a heating system 1 of a building 3, such as a residential building, is shown.
  • the heating system 1 is operated purely electrically.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is located with its components in the heating room 7 of the building 3, which is there on the ground floor.
  • the heating room 7 is also conceivable, possibly in the basement of a building 3.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 with the electrically operated compressor 9, the first heat exchanger 11 designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger, the expansion element 13 and the second heat exchanger 15 designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger is in heat pump operation the first heat exchanger 11 as a condenser/gas cooler and the second heat exchanger 15 as an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is thermally coupled via the first heat exchanger 11 to the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit.
  • the heat transfer medium circulating therein when the pump 19 is in operation is water or a water-glycol mixture. Another suitable type of heat transfer medium is also conceivable.
  • the heat transfer medium gives off heat for heating the room air of the respective interior of the building 3 during heating operation.
  • the one hand connected to the refrigerant circuit 5 as a double-fluid heat exchanger, such as as Plate heat exchanger, formed second heat exchanger 15 is on the other hand connected to the second secondary circuit 53, so that there the refrigerant circuit 5 is thermally coupled to the second secondary circuit 53.
  • the heat transfer medium circulating in the second secondary circuit 53 when the second pump 55 is in operation is water or a water-glycol mixture. Other suitable types of heat transfer media are also conceivable, such as a water-alcohol mixture.
  • Another heat exchanger 57 is arranged in the second secondary circuit 53 .
  • This additional heat exchanger 57 is an air-to-fluid heat exchanger in which, during operation, the heat transfer medium of the second secondary circuit 53 is in heat-exchange connection with air in the air flow. From the outside, air of the air flow is like too figure 2 described with corresponding reference numerals through a pipe 43 running vertically in the chimney 31 of the building 3 from above for the heat exchange.
  • An air conveying device 39 designed as an axial fan and arranged in the upper region of the pipe 43 near the air inlet opening 25 supports the air flow in the direction of the further heat exchanger 57 in the second secondary circuit 53.
  • the air line 23 leads at the lower end of the air guide section 45 in the chimney 31 from a lower chimney opening 47 in the heating room 7 by an optional air mixer 33 to the further heat exchanger 57.
  • the air mixer 33 is used to mix room air with the air flow.
  • the air conveying device 39 can also be arranged in the air line 23 at a suitable location other than in the upper region of the tube 43 .
  • the further heat exchanger 57 are in the heating mode of the heating system 1 air of the air flow heat to the im second secondary circuit 53 circulating heat transfer medium, which is then transported with the heat transfer medium in the second heat exchanger 15 operated as an evaporator and released further to the refrigerant there.
  • the heat exchange connection of refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 5 is therefore in an indirect arrangement with air of the air flow via the second heat exchanger 15 and the intermediate second secondary circuit 53 .
  • the air cooled in the heating mode of the heating system 1 in the further heat exchanger 57 of the second secondary circuit 53 is discharged upwards through the air line 27 with the pipe 51 running vertically in the chimney 31 through the lower chimney opening 29 in the chimney 31 .
  • the air guide section 35 in the chimney 31 for removing the air of the air flow is formed by the section of the pipe 51 located in the chimney 31 .
  • another air conveying device 39 is optionally arranged, as here as an axial fan.
  • another suitable type of air conveying device 39 such as a radial fan, is also conceivable.
  • this optional air conveying device 39 can be arranged at another suitable point on the air line 27 leading away from the further heat exchanger 57 .
  • the pipe 51 bends sideways through an opening in the chimney of the chimney 31 and runs along the roof for a while, so that the air outlet opening 37 for the air to be discharged at the upper end of the pipe 51 into the outside environment is arranged at such a large distance from the air inlet opening 25 that an air circuit of the further heat exchanger 57 to be supplied and from the further heat exchanger 57 discharged air is avoided. It is also conceivable to have a sufficiently large partition between the air inlet opening 25 and the air outlet opening 37, so that the spatial distance between the air inlet opening 25 and the air outlet opening 37 can be significantly smaller and the pipe 51 therefore no longer needs to run on the roof of the building 3.
  • the second heat exchanger 15 , the second secondary circuit 53 and the further heat exchanger 57 are arranged outside the chimney 31 in the building 3 , so that the heat exchange of the air in the air flow with the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 5 takes place outside the chimney 31 in the building 3 .
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 can also be switched over and operated in air conditioning mode, which in figure 3 is illustrated with the directional arrows to the right of the compressor 9.
  • the first heat exchanger 11 can be operated as an evaporator and the second heat exchanger 15 can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler.
  • the heating system 1 can also be used as an air conditioning system for cooling air in one or more interior rooms of the building 3, with the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit functioning as a cooling circuit.
  • a further air mixer 33 is arranged in the air line 27 between the further heat exchanger 57 and the chimney opening 29 for mixing in room air.
  • the heating system 1 depending on the temperature of the outside air and heating needs or controlled cooling demand.
  • the power of the compressor 9, the pumps 19 and 55, the heating device 49 and the air conveying device(s) 39 as well as the switching of the operating modes of the refrigerant circuit 5 and the proportion of the room air mixed with the air flow are thus controlled in particular.
  • a variant is also conceivable in which the air in the air flow is discharged but not supplied to the additional heat exchanger 57 through the chimney 31, in accordance with the figure 1 shown feeder. Conversely, a variant is also conceivable in which the air of the air flow is supplied to the further heat exchanger 57 through the chimney 31, but the air is discharged to the outside instead of through the chimney 31, for example through an air outlet opening 37 in a building wall of the building 3.
  • FIG 4 Another exemplary embodiment of a heating system 1 of a building 3, such as a residential building, is shown.
  • the heating system 1 is operated purely electrically.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is located with its components in the heating room 7 of the building 3, which is there on the ground floor.
  • the heating room 7 is also conceivable, possibly in the basement of a building 3.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 with the electrically operable Compressor 9, the first heat exchanger 11 designed as a double-fluid heat exchanger, the two expansion elements 13 and the second heat exchanger 15 designed as an air-refrigerant heat exchanger and the two further heat exchangers 61 and 63 is in heat pump operation with the first heat exchanger 11 as a condenser/gas cooler and the second heat exchanger 15 operable as an evaporator.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is thermally coupled via the first heat exchanger 11 to the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit in heat pump operation.
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 is thermally coupled via the additional heat exchanger 63, which can be operated as an evaporator, to the secondary circuit 17, which then functions as a cooling circuit.
  • the heat transfer medium circulating in the secondary circuit 17 when the pump 19 is in operation is water or a water-glycol mixture. Another suitable type of heat transfer medium is also conceivable.
  • the heat transfer medium gives off heat for heating the room air of the respective interior of the building 3 during heating operation and the heat transfer medium absorbs heat there during air conditioning operation.
  • the coolant of the coolant circuit 5 is in heat exchange connection with air of the air flow either in the second heat exchanger 15 or in the further heat exchanger 61 that can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler in air conditioning mode.
  • air of the air flow is like too figure 2 described with corresponding reference numerals through a pipe 43 running vertically in the chimney 31 of the building 3 from above for the heat exchange.
  • an air conveying device 39 designed as an axial fan supports the air flow in the direction of the second heat exchanger 15.
  • the air line 23 leads through the lower end of the air guide section 45 in the chimney 31 from a lower chimney opening 47 in the heating room 7 an optional air admixer 33 to the second heat exchanger 15.
  • the air admixer 33 is used to add room air to the air flow.
  • the air conveying device 39 can also be arranged in the air line 23 at a suitable location other than in the upper region of the tube 43 .
  • air of the air flow gives off heat to the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit 5 .
  • the air cooled in the heating mode of the heating system 1 in the second heat exchanger 15 is discharged upwards through the air line 27 with the pipe 51 running vertically in the chimney 31 through the lower chimney opening 29 in the chimney 31 .
  • the air guide section 35 in the chimney 31 for removing the air of the air flow is formed by the section of the pipe 51 located in the chimney 31 .
  • another air conveying device 39 is optionally arranged, as here as an axial fan.
  • an axial fan another suitable type of air conveying device 39, such as a radial fan, is also conceivable.
  • this optional air conveying device 39 can be arranged at another suitable point on the air line 27 leading away from the second heat exchanger 15 .
  • the tube 51 deflects laterally in the area of the roof of the building 3 an opening in the chimney of the chimney 31 and runs a bit along the roof, so that the air outlet opening 37 for the air to be discharged is arranged at the upper end of the pipe 51 into the outside environment at such a large distance from the air inlet opening 25 that a Air leakage from the second heat exchanger 15 to be supplied and discharged from the second heat exchanger 15 air is avoided.
  • the second heat exchanger 15 is arranged outside of the chimney 31 in the building 3 so that the heat exchange of the air in the air flow with the refrigerant of the refrigerant circuit 5 takes place outside of the chimney 31 in the building 3 .
  • the refrigerant circuit 5 can be switched over at the three-way valve 59 and can also be operated in air-conditioning mode.
  • the additional heat exchanger 63 that can be operated as an evaporator is operated as an evaporator
  • the additional heat exchanger 61 that can be operated as a condenser/gas cooler is operated as a condenser/gas cooler.
  • the heating system 1 can also be used as an air conditioning system for cooling air in one or more interior rooms of the building 3, with the secondary circuit 17 designed as a heating circuit functioning as a cooling circuit.
  • the heating system 1 is controlled depending on the temperature of the outside air and the need for heating or cooling.
  • the performance of the compressor 9, the pump 19, the air conveying device/s 39 and the switching of the operating modes are controlled by switching the three-way valve 59 of the refrigerant circuit 5 and the proportion of room air mixed into the air flow.
  • a variant is also conceivable in which the air of the air flow is discharged but not supplied to the second heat exchanger 15 through the chimney 31, in accordance with the figure 1 feed shown or through another chimney. Conversely, a variant is also conceivable in which the air of the air flow is supplied to the second heat exchanger 15 through the chimney 31, but the air is discharged to the outside instead of through the chimney 31, for example through an air outlet opening 37 in a building wall of the building 3.
  • the in the Figures 1 to 4 The exemplary embodiments of the heating system according to the invention shown can also have been installed in an existing building by replacing a previously fuel-operated heating system.
  • the chimney of the building which was previously used for the removal of exhaust gases from the previous fuel-operated heating system, is used for the supply from above and / or removal of air used for heat exchange with refrigerant, which is in the second heat exchanger of the newly installed one heating system according to the invention is located.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)
EP22206724.1A 2021-11-15 2022-11-10 Installation de chauffage avec pompe à chaleur pour bâtiments Pending EP4180739A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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DE102021129720 2021-11-15

Publications (1)

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EP4180739A1 true EP4180739A1 (fr) 2023-05-17

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Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2929004A1 (de) 1979-07-18 1981-02-05 Wolfgang Schlappig Verfahren und anlage zur rueckgewinnung von waerme
EP0027147A1 (fr) 1979-10-10 1981-04-22 Jenbacher Werke AG Dispositif pour recueillir la chaleur
EP0115014A2 (fr) * 1982-12-30 1984-08-08 Johannes Dr.-Ing. Schmitz Procédé pour l'économie d'énergie à commande de température d'air dans des bâtiments et bâtiment permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE4437845A1 (de) 1994-10-22 1996-04-25 Manfred Weber Anordnung zur Klimatisierung von Räumen
EP1131583B1 (fr) 1998-11-20 2004-04-14 Peter Häusler Dispositif et procede pour chauffer et/ou aerer une piece
GB2522723A (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-08-05 Charlton & Jenrick Ltd Heating apparatus
DE102014207540A1 (de) 2014-04-22 2015-10-22 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät mit Wärmepumpe
EP2336652B1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2016-11-23 Vaillant GmbH Appareil de chauffage
DE102016212775A1 (de) 2016-07-13 2018-01-18 KAE Kraftwerks- & Anlagen-Engineering GmbH Gebäude

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2929004A1 (de) 1979-07-18 1981-02-05 Wolfgang Schlappig Verfahren und anlage zur rueckgewinnung von waerme
EP0027147A1 (fr) 1979-10-10 1981-04-22 Jenbacher Werke AG Dispositif pour recueillir la chaleur
EP0115014A2 (fr) * 1982-12-30 1984-08-08 Johannes Dr.-Ing. Schmitz Procédé pour l'économie d'énergie à commande de température d'air dans des bâtiments et bâtiment permettant la mise en oeuvre du procédé
DE4437845A1 (de) 1994-10-22 1996-04-25 Manfred Weber Anordnung zur Klimatisierung von Räumen
EP1131583B1 (fr) 1998-11-20 2004-04-14 Peter Häusler Dispositif et procede pour chauffer et/ou aerer une piece
EP2336652B1 (fr) 2009-12-17 2016-11-23 Vaillant GmbH Appareil de chauffage
GB2522723A (en) * 2014-01-07 2015-08-05 Charlton & Jenrick Ltd Heating apparatus
DE102014207540A1 (de) 2014-04-22 2015-10-22 Vaillant Gmbh Heizgerät mit Wärmepumpe
DE102016212775A1 (de) 2016-07-13 2018-01-18 KAE Kraftwerks- & Anlagen-Engineering GmbH Gebäude

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