EP4176508A1 - Procédé et appareil pour réduire le courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique implanté - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil pour réduire le courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique implanté

Info

Publication number
EP4176508A1
EP4176508A1 EP21739643.1A EP21739643A EP4176508A1 EP 4176508 A1 EP4176508 A1 EP 4176508A1 EP 21739643 A EP21739643 A EP 21739643A EP 4176508 A1 EP4176508 A1 EP 4176508A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switched
electrical device
switching element
time delay
switching
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21739643.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Koen Weijand
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Precisis GmbH
Original Assignee
Precisis GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Precisis GmbH filed Critical Precisis GmbH
Publication of EP4176508A1 publication Critical patent/EP4176508A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/345—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering using capacitors as storage or buffering devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/008—Plural converter units for generating at two or more independent and non-parallel outputs, e.g. systems with plural point of load switching regulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/14—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output
    • H02M1/15—Arrangements for reducing ripples from dc input or output using active elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/20—The network being internal to a load
    • H02J2310/23—The load being a medical device, a medical implant, or a life supporting device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for reducing the inrush current of an electrical device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical device which is intended for connection to a power source.
  • Such electrical devices that have an electronic circuit are nowadays usually equipped with a variety of backup capacitors, especially if it is a digital electronic circuit, eg. B. a circuit with one or more microprocessors or other digital Steuerelemen th.
  • the entire electronic circuit can have a relatively high overall support capacity. This leads to an increased inrush current when the electrical device is switched on, since the backup capacitors first have to be charged.
  • this can lead to voltage drops in parts of the electronic circuit.
  • backup capacitor is used for all capacitors which are connected with their first connection to one of the at least two supply potential lines and with their second connection to at least one other of the at least two supply potential lines.
  • backup capacitor also includes all types of block condenser capacitors or blocking capacitors, filter capacitors, buffer capacitors, decoupling capacitors and bypass capacitors.
  • Such backup capacitors have the function of the element on an electronic compo, z. B. a digital circuit, or any part of the circuit to support applied voltage and thus excessive drops in voltage, z. B. to prevent switching operations.
  • the invention has for its object to provide improved solutions for reducing the inrush current of an electrical device and a corresponding electrical cal device.
  • the back-up capacitors can be separated from at least one of the supply potential lines individually or in several groups via a switching element when the switching element is switched off and can be connected to it when the switching element is switched on, the switching elements at least partially when the electrical device is switched on switched on with a time delay.
  • the invention therefore, there are several switching elements, each switching element being assigned to a backup capacitor or a group of backup capacitors.
  • the invention has the advantage that the inrush current pulse that otherwise occurs simultaneously on all backup capacitors can now be distributed over time by switching on the switching elements at different times. This reduces the overall highest inrush current that occurs.
  • the back-up capacitors to be switched via the switching elements can, for example, be divided into groups in advance in the circuit design of the electronic circuit and the groups can be defined so that the total capacitance of the back-up capacitors in a group is the same or at least similar across all groups.
  • a group can consist of only one backup capacitor or several backup capacitors.
  • the switching element can be a switching element of any type, e.g. B. a semiconductor switching element such. B. a bipolar transistor or a field effect transistor. Mosfets are particularly advantageous due to their low specific switch-on resistance and their switching characteristics.
  • the switching of the back-up capacitors via the switching element does not necessarily have to take place between the binary states “switched on” and “switched off”; intermediate states are also conceivable, such as B. a temporary operation with an increased contact resistance (e.g. "half switched on”).
  • the possibility of disconnecting a backup capacitor via the switching element from at least one of the supply potential lines includes both complete disconnection, i.e. complete disconnection. H. galvanic separation, as well as separation in the sense of a very high-resistance connection or at least such a high-resistance connection that the connected backup capacitors do not cause any significant part of the inrush current when the electrical device is switched on.
  • the electrical energy source for supplying the electrical device can, as mentioned, be a battery and / or an accumulator, in particular an arrangement of one or more batteries and / or one or more accumulators have multiple solar cells.
  • the energy source can also comprise a passive energy source, such as e.g. B. a coil into which the electrical energy is coupled inductively and thus without contact.
  • the electrical energy source can be part of the electrical device, e.g. B. be housed in a housing of the electrical device.
  • the electrical energy source can also be an energy source which is separate from the electrical device and which is coupled to the electrical device via the supply potential lines.
  • the electrical device is a medical device that can be implanted in a patient.
  • the electrical device can, for. B. be a stimulation device that has the stimulation electrode through which the patient's tissue can be stimulated with electrical signals during operation of the electrical device.
  • it can be a brain stimulation device.
  • a first switching element when the electrical device is switched on, first a first switching element is switched on, then a second switching element is switched on with a second time offset and then a third switching element is switched on with a third time offset.
  • the first switching element can be switched on, for example, immediately when the electrical device is switched on, or with a first time delay. In this way, the inrush current otherwise required for charging the backup capacitors can be distributed in several steps to individual groups of backup capacitors, so that the current load is leveled out when the electrical device is switched on.
  • support capacitors of the electronic circuit it is not necessary for all the support capacitors of the electronic circuit to be separable or connectable via such switching elements; at least some support capacitors can also be permanently connected to the at least two supply potential lines.
  • These backup capacitors are advantageously selected in such a way that they do not cause an inadmissibly high inrush current of the electrical device to occur. In this case, it is advantageous to switch on the first switching element of the series of switching elements with a first time delay after switching on the electrical device's rule.
  • the next switching element is only switched on when the supporting capacitor or the group of supporting capacitors switched on by the previous switching element has a voltage of at least 50% of the potential difference between which we have reached at least two supply potential lines. That way will due to the staggered switching on of the switching elements, the strongest portion of the charging current curve of the backup capacitors is waited until a backup capacitor or a group of backup capacitors is switched on again via the next switching element. The charging current curve of the backup capacitors switched on by the preceding switching element has then largely subsided.
  • the inventive method is particularly suitable for electrical Ge devices that have an electronic circuit that z. B. turn off one or more circuit parts in a Energysparmo dus.
  • the switched-off circuit parts when the switched-off circuit parts are switched on again, such circuit parts could generate an inadmissibly high inrush current due to their support capacitors, which would trigger the aforementioned disadvantageous effects such as loss of memory data, damage to the electrical energy source or reset of a microprocessor could.
  • the electrical device has an energy management system, by means of which one or more parts of the electronic circuit are switched off in an energy-saving mode and switched on again when the energy-saving mode is exited.
  • one or more parts of the electronic circuit are switched off in the energy-saving mode, but at least part of the electronic circuit is still in operation.
  • a low-energy mode of the electrical device can be implemented in which it can be operated with low electrical energy consumption, but can still carry out at least a certain minimum range of functions.
  • control logic can be designed as a separate electrical or electronic circuit, or as part of the electronic circuit of the device, or as part of an energy management system.
  • the control logic can be formed from passive and / or active electronic components.
  • the active electronic construction elements can also include a microprocessor or a similar computer. According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the control logic is set up to execute a method of the type explained above.
  • the control logic has a respective time delay element for each control connection, the time delay elements having the same or different time delay values.
  • a time delay element can have a signal output via which a switch-on signal is output to the control connection of an associated switching element so that it is switched on.
  • the time delay elements can, for. B. triggered by a switch-on signal of the electrical device, z. B. by the increase in the potential difference between the at least two Versor supply potential lines. If the time delay elements have the same delay values, it is advantageous to choose different trigger thresholds for triggering the time delay element or to apply these signals with time-shifted trigger signals.
  • the time delay elements of at least several control connections are connected in a row one behind the other, so that the time delay values of the time delay elements add up from one control connection to the next.
  • the time-shifted switching on of the various switching elements can also be carried out with the same time delay values of the time delay elements.
  • a time delay element is, so to speak, triggered by the signal output of the preceding time delay element.
  • one, several or all of the time delay elements are each designed as an RC element with at least one resistor and at least one capacitance, the capacitance being a parasitic capacitance of a semiconductor switch forming a switching element.
  • the control logic can be implemented particularly easily and with a minimal amount of circuitry.
  • the individual control connections of the switching elements can be connected one behind the other to the individual connection points of a series circuit connected by resistors.
  • the time delay elements are each formed as an RC element.
  • Field effect transistors whose gate capacitance is used as a parasitic capacitance are particularly suitable for implementing such control logic.
  • Older types of mosfets are particularly suitable because they have a relatively large gate-drain capacitance.
  • the gate-drain capacitance has a strong effect on the input capacitance.
  • the rising gate-drain voltage then causes the switch-on to be delayed.
  • Figure 1 an electrical device in a first embodiment
  • Figure 4 an electrical device in a fourth embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electrical device 2 which is connected to an electrical energy source 1.
  • the electrical energy source 1 has, for example, a battery or an accumulator 10.
  • the electrical device 2 has an electronic circuit, of which only one circuit part 26 is shown for the sake of simplicity.
  • This circuit part 26 has, for example, three backup capacitors 23, 24, 25.
  • the electronic cal circuit can have several such or similar circuit parts, each with its own backup capacitors.
  • the electronic circuit is connected to connections 11, 12 of the energy source 1 via two supply potential lines 21, 22.
  • a first supply potential line 21 can, for. B. be a battery voltage line that carries a potential of the Bat terie 10, a second supply line 22 can be a ground line.
  • the capacitors shown here as individual back-up capacitors 23, 24, 25 can also be implemented in the form of several individual capacitors, so that the back-up capacitors 23, 24, 25 can each also stand for a group of back-up capacitors.
  • the backup capacitors 23, 24, 25 are each connected or can be connected with their one connection to the first supply potential line 21 and with their other connection to the second supply potential line 22.
  • a respective controllable switching element 27, 28, 29 is connected in series with the respective backup capacitor 23, 24, 25.
  • Figure 2 shows the arrangement of the respective switching element 27, 28, 29 on the side of the second supply potential of the respective support capacitor 23, 24, 25, but the respective switching element could also be on the other side, d. H. be connected to the side of the first supply potential. It is crucial that the connection of the respective backup capacitor 23, 24, 25 of at least one of the supply potential lines 21, 22 can be separated via the respective switching element 27, 28, 29 in order to achieve the inventive reduction in the inrush current of the electrical device.
  • the switching elements 27, 28, 29 have respective control connections which are connected to a control logic 30.
  • the control logic 30 is set up to output switch-on signals to the control connections of the switching elements 27, 28, 29 in order to bring them into the switched-on state.
  • the control logic 30 is designed in such a way that these switch-on signals of the individual switching elements 27, 28, 29 are output with a time delay relative to one another, so that the backup capacitors 23, 24, 25 are also switched on with a time delay, at least when the electrical device 2 is switched on can be implemented in a wide variety of ways, e.g. B. by a control processor, several individual time delay elements or the like.
  • FIG. 2 shows an electrical device 2 with an associated energy source 1 in a design comparable to that of FIG. 1, in which, in contrast to FIG.
  • Each time delay element 31, 32, 33 has a trigger input. If the time delay element detects a trigger signal at the trigger input, after a specific delay time, ie a specific time delay element for the respective time delay element see time delay value T1, T2, T3, at a signal output of the time delay element, a switch-on signal is output to the control connection of the associated switching element 27, 28, 29.
  • the signal output of the time delay element 31 is connected to the control connection of the switching element 27.
  • the signal output of the time delay element 32 is connected to the control connection of the switching element 28.
  • the signal output of the time delay element 33 is connected to the control connection of the switching element 29. It can also be seen that the time delay elements 31, 32, 33 are connected in series one behind the other.
  • the trigger input of the first Zeitverzöge approximately element 31 is z. B. connected to the first supply potential line 21. If the potential on the first supply potential line 21 reaches a certain trigger value, which is recognized as a trigger signal by the first time delay element 31, it carries out the aforementioned outputting of the switch-on signal at the signal output after the time delay value T1 has elapsed.
  • the trigger input of the second Zeitver delay element 32 is connected to the signal output of the first time delay element 31.
  • the second time delay element 32 can therefore only be triggered when the time delay of the first time delay element 31 has expired.
  • the second time delay element 32 then carries out a time delay with its time delay value T2. After this time delay has elapsed, the switch-on signal is emitted at the signal output of the second time delay element 32.
  • the trigger input of the third time delay element 33 is connected to the signal output of the second time delay element 32. Therefore, the third Zeitverzöge approximately element 33 is only triggered by the switching signal emitted by the second time delay element. After this triggering, the third time delay element 33 carries out its time delay with the time delay value T3. The switch-on signal is then output to the third switching element 29.
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the electrical device in which the chain of time delay elements 31, 32, 33 shown in FIG. 2 is implemented in a particularly advantageous manner in terms of circuitry by interconnecting RC elements.
  • the C element of a first RC element which corresponds to the first time delay element 31, is formed by the gate-source capacitance and the gate-drain capacitance of a transistor M2 which forms the first switching element 27.
  • the gate-source capacitance is dominant.
  • the resistance of this RC element is formed by a resistor R2.
  • the C element of a second RC element which corresponds to the second time delay element 32, is formed by the gate-source capacitance and the gate-drain capacitance of a transistor M3, which forms the second switching element 28.
  • the gate-source capacitance is dominant.
  • the resistance of this RC element is formed by a resistance R3.
  • the C element of a third RC element which corresponds to the third Zeitverzöge approximately element 33, is formed by the gate-source capacitance and the gate-drain capacitance of a transistor M4 which forms the third switching element 29.
  • the gate-source capacitance is dominant.
  • the resistance of this RC element is formed by the resistor R4.
  • the entire control logic or the time delay elements for controlling the control connections of the switching elements 27, 28, 29 can be formed by a simple series connection of one resistor per switching element.
  • the exemplary embodiments described show the circuit arrangement in each case with three backup capacitors and three associated switching elements.
  • the number of support capacitors or groups of support capacitors and their switching elements can be increased and decreased as required, depending on the specific application.
  • FIG 4 The embodiment shown in Figure 4 is similar to the embodiment of Figure 1 in that a central controller 30 is provided for the staggered actuation of the switching elements 27, 28, 29, z. B. in the form of a control module. Corresponding control lines of the control module are connected to the respective control connections of the switching elements 27, 28, 29.
  • the switching elements 27, 28, 29 are assigned respective parts 40, 41, 42 of the electronic circuit of the device 2, which are switched on via the respective switching element 27, 28, 29 be able.
  • the part 40 can be switched on via the switching element 27, the part 41 via the switching element 28 and the part 42 via the switching element 29.
  • the switching element 27 can be used as an electronic switch, e.g. B. in the form of a switching transistor.
  • further switching elements 28, 29 are provided with respective buck-boost circuit arrangements, through which voltages, both positive and positive, are increased by the voltage provided by the battery or accumulator 10 negative voltages, can be generated.
  • high stimulation voltages for electrical stimulation methods can be generated on the patient via the buck-boost circuit arrangements.
  • the buck-boost circuits can provide a positive and a negative stimulation voltage, or stimulation voltages of the same polarity and different amplitude.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4 also shows that the delay values in the individual delay stages can be unequal values, which also applies to the other exemplary embodiments.
  • the first switching element 27 can cause a delay of at least 10 ms
  • the second switching element 28 a subsequent additional delay of at least 5 ms
  • the subsequent third switching element 29 a subsequent further delay of at least 5 ms.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de réduction du courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique fonctionnant au moyen d'une batterie et/ou d'un accumulateur, ledit dispositif étant conçu comme dispositif médical qui peut être implanté chez un patient et qui comporte un circuit électronique alimenté en énergie électrique par l'intermédiaire d'au moins deux lignes de potentiel d'alimentation, le circuit électronique ayant une pluralité de condensateurs de secours, chacun d'eux étant connecté ou pouvant être connecté au moyen d'une première borne à l'une desdites au moins deux lignes de potentiel d'alimentation et au moyen d'une seconde borne à une autre desdites au moins deux lignes de potentiel d'alimentation, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif électrique comporte un système de gestion d'énergie au moyen duquel une ou plusieurs parties du circuit électronique sont désactivées dans un mode d'économie d'énergie et sont à nouveau commutées lorsque le mode d'économie d'énergie est quitté, les condensateurs de sauvegarde, individuellement ou en une pluralité de groupes par l'intermédiaire d'un élément de commutation par condensateur ou groupe de condensateurs, étant déconnectés d'au moins une des lignes de potentiel d'alimentation dans un état de coupure de l'élément de commutation et pouvant être connectés à celui-ci dans un état de commutation de l'élément de commutation, les éléments de commutation étant commutés avec au moins un retard partiel l'un par rapport à l'autre lorsque le dispositif électrique est allumé et lorsque les parties de circuit qui sont mises hors circuit dans le mode d'économie d'énergie sont à nouveau commutées.
EP21739643.1A 2020-07-02 2021-07-02 Procédé et appareil pour réduire le courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique implanté Pending EP4176508A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020117504.3A DE102020117504A1 (de) 2020-07-02 2020-07-02 Verfahren zur Verringerung des Einschaltstroms eines elektrischen Geräts sowie elektrisches Gerät
PCT/EP2021/068349 WO2022003162A1 (fr) 2020-07-02 2021-07-02 Procédé et appareil pour réduire le courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique implanté

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4176508A1 true EP4176508A1 (fr) 2023-05-10

Family

ID=76845219

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21739643.1A Pending EP4176508A1 (fr) 2020-07-02 2021-07-02 Procédé et appareil pour réduire le courant d'appel d'un dispositif électrique implanté

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230253819A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4176508A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020117504A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022003162A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5122724A (en) 1991-07-12 1992-06-16 The Boeing Company Inrush current limiter
CN101854059B (zh) 2009-04-03 2013-06-05 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 突波电流抑制电路及使用其的电子设备
US9686432B2 (en) 2014-02-10 2017-06-20 Seiko Epson Corporation Facsimile apparatus, optional unit, and control system of optional units
DE202017100740U1 (de) 2017-02-13 2018-05-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Schaltung zur Einschaltstrombegrenzung bei einem Netzteil

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020117504A1 (de) 2022-01-05
WO2022003162A1 (fr) 2022-01-06
US20230253819A1 (en) 2023-08-10

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