EP4175839A1 - Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type - Google Patents

Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type

Info

Publication number
EP4175839A1
EP4175839A1 EP21717799.7A EP21717799A EP4175839A1 EP 4175839 A1 EP4175839 A1 EP 4175839A1 EP 21717799 A EP21717799 A EP 21717799A EP 4175839 A1 EP4175839 A1 EP 4175839A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigeration system
evaporator
heat exchanger
refrigerant
downstream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21717799.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Rebinger
Dirk Schroeder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Audi AG
Original Assignee
Audi AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Audi AG filed Critical Audi AG
Publication of EP4175839A1 publication Critical patent/EP4175839A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899—Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H1/00278—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit for the battery
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32281—Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising a single secondary circuit, e.g. at evaporator or condenser side
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204—Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/323—Cooling devices using compression characterised by comprising auxiliary or multiple systems, e.g. plurality of evaporators, or by involving auxiliary cooling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00271—HVAC devices specially adapted for particular vehicle parts or components and being connected to the vehicle HVAC unit
    • B60H2001/00307—Component temperature regulation using a liquid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00949—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising additional heating/cooling sources, e.g. second evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0403—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0409—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411—Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00—Control issues
    • F25B2600/25—Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2519—On-off valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a refrigeration system with a heat pump function for a motor vehicle, comprising a basic system which is designed in a minimum configuration with a refrigerant compressor; a directly or indirectly acting external heat exchanger, which is arranged downstream of the refrigerant compressor; a first directly or indirectly acting evaporator as part of an air conditioning system for the interior air conditioning of the motor vehicle, which is arranged downstream of the external heat exchanger and which is preceded by a first expansion element; at least one second evaporator, in particular a chiller, as part of a cooling device of an electric drive or storage unit, which is arranged fluidically parallel to the first evaporator and which is preceded by a second expansion element; a single low-side header located downstream of the first and second evaporators, or a single high-side header located downstream of the outdoor heat exchanger and upstream of the first and second evaporators.
  • Heat pump applications for motor vehicles are known, for example, from DE 10 2013 206 626 A1, DE 196 44 583 B4 and DE 10 2012 222 594 A1.
  • the applicant himself has filed several applications in which ver different operating methods or post-heating methods (reheat) for comple xe refrigeration systems of motor vehicles are presented.
  • the previously known refrigeration systems for motor vehicles usually have a very complex structure in order to be able to carry out desired operating methods in an energy-efficient manner.
  • the object on which the invention is based is seen in specifying a simplified refrigeration system with which energy-efficient operation, in particular also reheating operation (reheat), is made possible.
  • reheat reheating operation
  • a refrigeration system with a heat pump function for a motor vehicle comprising a basic system which is designed in a minimum configuration with a refrigerant compressor; a direct or indirect working external heat exchanger, which is arranged downstream of the refrigerant compressor; a first evaporator as part of an air conditioning device for the interior air conditioning of the motor vehicle, which is arranged downstream of the external heat exchanger and which is preceded by a first expansion organ; at least one second evaporator, in particular a chiller, as part of a cooling device of an electric drive or storage unit, which is arranged fluidically parallel to the first evaporator and which is preceded by a second expansion element; at least one low-side header located downstream of the first and second evaporators, or at least one high-side header located downstream of the outer Heat exchanger and is arranged upstream of the first and the second evaporator.
  • the basic system forms a primary line and, in order to achieve the heat pump function, can be fluidically connected to a secondary line, which branches off from the basic system downstream of the refrigerant compressor and a second heat exchanger working as a heat source for direct or indirect air heating, in particular a heating register, which is part of the air conditioning device.
  • the basic system forms the refrigeration circuit (AC circuit), with the first evaporator serving to cool air that is supplied to the vehicle interior.
  • the basic system or the refrigeration circuit is now supplemented by a secondary line, which has a simple structure and in which a heating register is arranged.
  • the second heat exchanger in particular the heating register, can be used for the direct or indirect heating of indoor air.
  • This structurally simple design of the refrigeration system with a heat pump function can be operated in particular when usable heat is available at the second evaporator (chiller), which is usually generated by the waste heat from the electrical drive or storage unit. It is also possible to use the second evaporator (chiller) to cover a lack of heat when air-conditioning the interior in an after-heating or reheat operation.
  • Post-heating or reheating operation with a balanced heat balance can also be implemented, whereby the heat requirement at the second heat exchanger (heating register) and the cooling capacity at the first evaporator in addition to the refrigerant compressor drive power and the heat transferred to the refrigerant as a result are balanced or set in such a way that the interior is supplied with air that essentially meets the interior space requirement, ie the interior currently does not have to be further heated or cooled.
  • a valve arrangement can be provided downstream of the refrigerant compressor, which is set up to control the flow of refrigerant optionally set to the primary line and/or to the secondary line. This means that the interior can be switched to either cooling or heating.
  • the refrigeration system can have an internal heat exchanger, which is preceded by the high-pressure-side collector on the high-pressure side or the low-pressure-side collector is preceded by the low-pressure side.
  • At least one check valve or shut-off valve can be arranged and/or adjustable downstream of the second heat exchanger, in particular a heating register, and upstream of the first expansion element in such a way that refrigerant flow from the secondary line to the primary line is optionally possible and refrigerant flow from the primary line to the secondary line blocked is.
  • a low-pressure-side branch Downstream from the first evaporator, a low-pressure-side branch can be arranged, which is connected to a suction section, it being possible to suck refrigerant from the primary line or/and the secondary line through the branch section. This ensures that refrigerant can be extracted from an inactive branch in order to prevent a lack of refrigerant in the active branch or refrigerant circuit section.
  • a check valve can be provided between the first evaporator and the branch on the low-pressure side, which prevents refrigerant from flowing back to the first evaporator.
  • a check valve can be arranged in the primary line downstream of the outer heat exchanger in such a way that refrigerant, which is introduced in particular from the secondary line into the primary line, can be prevented from flowing back to the outer heat exchanger.
  • An expansion element can be provided in the secondary branch downstream of the second heat exchanger, in particular a heating register, with the expansion element being connected upstream of the outer heat exchanger.
  • a bypass line having an expansion element can branch off downstream of the high-pressure collector, the bypass line ending between a non-return valve and the external heat exchanger, the non-return valve being arranged between the high-pressure collector and the external heat exchanger.
  • the non-return valve mentioned can also be replaced by a shut-off device that is open or closed depending on the operation.
  • the refrigeration system can be set up to be operated in a post-heating mode, in which the refrigerant flows through the following components of the refrigeration system in succession, starting from the refrigerant compressor: second heat exchanger, in particular heating register, in the secondary line and evaporator in the primary line.
  • the refrigeration system can be set up to be operated in a triangular process, in which the refrigerant, starting from the refrigerant compressor, flows through the following components of the refrigeration system in succession: second heat exchanger, in particular heating register, in the secondary line, second evaporator in the primary line in the Cooling device associated with the second evaporator, stagnant coolant.
  • the refrigeration system described above can be set up to set the air heat pump operation and/or the water heat pump operation selectively or in series or in parallel if there is a low-pressure collector, in order to provide heat for the cabin supply air flow.
  • the refrigeration system described above can be set up at IN ANY demem high-pressure collector the air heat pump operation and / or the Adjust water heat pump operation selectively or in parallel to provide heat for cabin supply airflow.
  • the basic system can be designed as a basic module that can be coupled and/or connected and/or integrated with at least one expansion module that has at least the secondary line and the second heat exchanger, in particular the heating coil.
  • the refrigeration system can be adapted in a simple manner depending on the vehicle type and other configuration of the motor vehicle, for example, and can be expanded to include a simple heat pump function or a heat pump function that offers more options.
  • a motor vehicle which is in particular an electrically or partially electrically driven motor vehicle, can be designed with a refrigeration system as described above.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic and simplified circuit diagram of a basic system of a refrigeration system with a collector on the low-pressure side
  • FIG. 2 shows a first expansion stage of the refrigeration system with a heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 2A shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3A shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4A shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 1;
  • 5 shows a schematic and simplified circuit diagram of a basic system of a refrigeration system with a collector on the high-pressure side;
  • FIG. 6 shows a first expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 9 shows a further expansion stage of the refrigeration system with heat pump function based on the basic system of FIG. 5;
  • the refrigeration system 10 includes a refrigerant circuit 11, which can be operated in a refrigeration system mode (also called AC mode for short).
  • the refrigeration system 10 includes a refrigerant compressor 12, a directly or indirectly acting external heat exchanger 18, a first evaporator 22 and a low-pressure side refrigerant collector 24 (low-pressure accumulator).
  • a first expansion element, in particular an expansion valve AE2 is connected in front of the first evaporator 22 .
  • a second evaporator 28 (chiller) is connected, in terms of flow, parallel to the first evaporator 22. orderly.
  • the second evaporator 28 is preceded by a second expansion element, in particular an expansion valve AE1.
  • the outlet of the second evaporator or chiller 28 flows back into the refrigerant circuit 11 at the junction Ab2.
  • the first evaporator 22 is assigned to an air conditioning device 32 for the interior air conditioning of the motor vehicle.
  • the second evaporator 28 is part of a cooling device (not shown) of an electric drive or storage unit of the motor vehicle; in particular, the chiller 28 can be used to cool a battery and/or an electric motor.
  • the cooling device is represented in FIG. 1 in simplified form by coolant lines 28.2, in which a coolant, for example a water-glycol mixture, can circulate between the chiller 28 and the electrical component to be cooled.
  • the evaporator 22 is shown here by way of example as a front evaporator for a vehicle.
  • the evaporator 22 is also representative of other evaporators possible in a vehicle, such as rear evaporators, which can be arranged parallel to one another in terms of flow.
  • the refrigeration system 10 thus comprises at least one evaporator 22 (provided for the interior air conditioning).
  • the refrigeration system can optionally have an internal heat exchanger 20, which is shown in broken lines in FIG.
  • the refrigeration system 10 shown in FIG. 1 represents a basic system 100 with a collector 24 on the low-pressure side, which is set up to cool the vehicle interior by means of the first evaporator 22 and to cool an electrical vehicle component by means of the second evaporator 28 (chiller).
  • the external heat exchanger 18 is designed as a condenser or gas cooler.
  • the base system 100 can also be referred to as an AC system.
  • the course of the line or topological refrigerant circuit shown in Fig. 1 is also referred to below as a principle march line 14 is called.
  • the collector 24 is provided as the only collector on the low-pressure side.
  • Fig. 2 shows a schematic and simplified refrigeration system 10 with low-pressure side refrigerant collector 24 and simple heat pump function, in particular water heat pump function.
  • the refrigerant circuit 11 is divided after the refrigerant compressor 12 into the already mentioned primary line 14 and a secondary line 16.
  • the secondary line begins at the exemplary branch Ab3. At the junction Ab4, it flows back into the primary line 14 or the basic system 100.
  • the refrigeration system 10 further comprises a second heat exchanger acting as a heat source, in particular a heating register 26 (also referred to as a heating condenser or heating gas cooler).
  • a shut-off valve A3 is arranged upstream of the second heat exchanger or heating register 26 .
  • a check valve R4 is arranged downstream of the second heat exchanger or heating register 26 .
  • the second heat exchanger or the heating register 26 is part of the air conditioning device 32.
  • the second heat exchanger is referred to or referred to in simplified terms as a heating register, without this representing a restriction to the effect that another component can be used as the second heat exchanger, which is heat source is used.
  • the chiller 28 can be used, for example, to cool an electrical component of the vehicle. In the embodiment shown here, however, it can also be used to implement a water heat pump function using the waste heat from at least one electrical component.
  • a check valve R3 is provided between the branch Ab4 and the external heat exchanger 18 .
  • the non-return valve R3 prevents refrigerant flowing in from the secondary line 16 at the branch Ab4 from reaching the outer heat exchanger 18, so that it is always in Direction of the first evaporator 22 and / or second evaporator 28 passes ge.
  • a connecting line 13 in which a shut-off valve A5 is arranged.
  • the connecting line extends between the branches Ab2 and Ab5. Furthermore, in the connecting line 13, a check valve R2 is provided.
  • the connecting line is used in particular to remove or suck off refrigerant from the secondary line 16, which is closed by means of the shut-off valve A3, if there is a lack of refrigerant in the primary line in AC operation.
  • the refrigerant conveyed by the refrigerant compressor 12 can be routed either into the primary line 14 or the secondary line 16.
  • the shut-off valve A4 closed (shut-off valve A3 open)
  • the compressed and hot refrigerant flows to the heating register 26.
  • the heating register 26 then serves as a heat source, where air for the interior ventilation of the vehicle can be heated directly or indirectly .
  • the shut-off valve A3 is open, the shut-off valve A5 in the connecting line 13 is closed.
  • the multi-way valve would then be configured as if A4 and A5 are opened or closed at the same time and as if A2 and A3 are opened or closed at the same time, so that compressed refrigerant from the refrigerant compressor can flow into the primary line 14 or the secondary line 16 respectively is passed and suction from the other strand is made possible.
  • the refrigeration system with heat pump function shown in FIG. 2 can be operated, for example, when usable heat is available at the second evaporator 28 (chiller), which is generally produced by the waste heat from the electrical storage or drive components. Furthermore, the refrigeration system 10 can be operated in a post-heating or reheat mode, with a lack of heat being covered by the second evaporator 28 (chiller). Finally, in this configuration, the refrigeration system 10 can also be operated with a balanced heat balance in a post-heating or reheating mode.
  • FIG. 2A shows an embodiment of the refrigeration system with a heat pump function that is slightly modified compared to FIG.
  • the check valve A3 (Fig. 2) is replaced by an expansion element or expansion valve AE3.
  • This makes it possible to connect the refrigeration system 10 in an air heat pump mode when at least a partial flow of cooling agent, which comes from the second heat exchanger (heating register) 26, is expanded via the expansion element AE3 into the outer heat exchanger. If there is no air flow at the outer heat exchanger 18, a triangular process is also possible via this, with the refrigerant flowing from the second heat exchanger (heating register) 26 via the expansion element AE3, the outer heat exchanger 18 and the open shut-off valve A2 to the refrigerant compressor 12.
  • FIG. 3 shows a simplified and schematic illustration of a cooling system 10 in which the heat pump function according to the configuration in FIG. 2 is still possible and in which excess heat can also be released in reheat mode.
  • the secondary branch is extended downstream of the heating register 26 and has an expansion valve AE4, which is connected upstream of the external heat exchanger 18.
  • a shut-off valve A1 is provided between the branch Ab4 and the branch Ab1.
  • the check valves A2 and A4 are closed. The refrigerant then flows from the outer heat exchanger 18 in the direction of the first evaporator 22 or the second evaporator (chiller) 28.
  • FIG. 3A shows a modification of the refrigeration system 10 of FIG.
  • the shut-off valve A2 or an associated branch Ab6a is arranged downstream of the external heat exchanger 18 .
  • the air heat pump operation can basically be represented via the expansion element AE4 and the check valve R3.
  • a triangular process is also possible if the air is standing still at the outer heat exchanger 18 and its active air-side flow is prevented.
  • Fig. 4 shows a simplified and schematic representation of a Käl testrom 10, in which the heat pump function according to the configuration Fig. 2 or Fig. 3 is still possible and in which an air heating pump function is also made possible.
  • a further expansion element AE3 is provided analogously to FIG. 2 instead of the check valve R3.
  • the air heat pump connection is achieved when shut-off valve A1 is open and expansion valve AE4 is closed.
  • refrigerant that comes from the heating register 26 can be supplied to the external heat exchanger 18 via the (partially) open expansion valve AE3. Flow-wise parallel to this, the refrigerant can be fed to the first or/and second evaporator 22, 28. After the refrigerant has passed through the external heat exchanger 18, it flows back in the direction of the low-pressure-side refrigerant collector 24 when the shut-off valve A2 is open.
  • FIG. 4A shows a modification of the refrigeration system 10 of FIG.
  • the shut-off valve A2 or an associated branch Ab6a is arranged downstream of the external heat exchanger 18 .
  • air heat pump operation can be shown in principle via AE4 and R3.
  • a triangular process is also possible if the air is still at the outer heat exchanger 18 .
  • an air heat pump can also be connected in series with a water heat pump via the heat exchangers 18 and 28, which, in addition to operation at the same low pressure level in the chiller 28 compared to the Heat exchanger 18 to set a lower pressure level by throttling AE1, which in turn can be advantageous when the system starts up.
  • 5 shows an embodiment of a refrigeration system 10 for a motor vehicle in a schematic and simplified manner.
  • the refrigeration system 10 includes a refrigerant circuit 11, which can be operated in a refrigeration system mode (also called AC mode for short).
  • the refrigeration system 10 includes a refrigerant compressor 12, an external heat exchanger 18, a first evaporator 22 and a high-pressure side refrigerant collector 25 (high-pressure collector).
  • a first expansion valve AE2 is connected upstream of the first evaporator 22 .
  • a second evaporator 28 (chiller) is arranged in parallel with the first evaporator 22 in terms of flow technology.
  • the second evaporator 28 is preceded by a second expansion valve AE1.
  • the outlet of the second evaporator or chiller 28 flows back into the refrigerant circuit 11 at the branch Ab2.
  • the branch Ab2 is located downstream of an internal heat exchanger 20.
  • the first evaporator 22 is assigned to an air conditioning device 32 for the interior air conditioning of the motor vehicle.
  • the second evaporator fer 28 is part of a cooling device, not shown, of an electric drive or storage unit of the motor vehicle, in particular the chiller 28 can be used to cool a battery and/or an electric motor.
  • the cooling device is represented in FIG. 1 in simplified form by coolant lines 28.2, in which a coolant, for example a water-glycol mixture, can circulate between the chiller 28 and the electrical component to be cooled.
  • the evaporator 22 is shown here by way of example as a front evaporator for a vehicle.
  • the evaporator 22 is also representative of other evaporators possible in a vehicle, such as rear evaporators, which can be arranged parallel to one another in terms of flow.
  • the refrigeration system 10 comprises at least one evaporator 22 (provided for the interior air conditioning).
  • the refrigeration system 10 shown in FIG. 5 represents a basic system 100 with a high-pressure-side collector 25 that is set up to cool the vehicle interior by means of the first evaporator 22 and to cool an electrical vehicle component by means of the second evaporator 28 (chiller).
  • the outer heat exchanger 18 is designed as a capacitor.
  • the base system 100 can also be referred to as an AC system.
  • the course of the line or topological cal refrigerant circuit shown in FIG. 5 is also referred to below as the primary line 14 .
  • the collector 25 is provided as the only collector on the low-pressure side.
  • Fig. 6 shows a schematic and simplified refrigeration system 10 with high-pressure side refrigerant collector 25 and simple heat pump function, in particular water heat pump function.
  • the refrigerant circuit 11 is divided after the refrigerant compressor 12 into the already mentioned primary line 14 and a secondary line 16.
  • the secondary line begins at the exemplary branch Ab3. At the junction Ab4, it flows back into the primary line 14 or the basic system 100.
  • the refrigeration system 10 further includes a heating register 26 (also referred to as a heating condenser).
  • a shut-off valve A3 is arranged upstream of the heating register 26 .
  • a check valve R4 is arranged downstream of the heating register 26 .
  • the heating register 26 is part of the air conditioning device 32.
  • the chiller 28 can be used, for example, to cool an electrical component of the vehicle. In the embodiment shown here, however, it can also be used to implement a water heat pump function using the waste heat from at least one electrical component.
  • a check valve R3 is provided between the branch Ab4 and the external heat exchanger 18 .
  • the check valve R3 prevents that refrigerant flowing in from the secondary line 16 at the branch Ab4 reaches the outer heat exchanger 18 so that it is always conducted in the direction of the first evaporator 22 and/or the second evaporator 28 .
  • a connecting line 13 in which a shut-off valve A5 is arranged.
  • the connecting line extends between the branches from Ab5 and Ab9.
  • a check valve R2 is also provided in the connecting line 13 .
  • the connecting line is used in particular to remove or suck off refrigerant from the secondary line 16, which is closed by means of the shut-off valve A3, if there is a lack of refrigerant in the primary line in AC operation.
  • shut-off valve A3 open
  • the compressed and hot refrigerant flows to the heating register 26.
  • the heating register 26 then serves as a heat source, where air for the interior ventilation of the vehicle can be heated directly or indirectly .
  • the shut-off valve A3 is open
  • the shut-off valve A5 in the connecting line 13 is closed.
  • refrigerant in which the refrigerant is first passed through the secondary line 16 and the heating register 26 before it flows back into the primary line at Ab4, refrigerant can, if necessary, be drawn from the connec tion section 14.1, which is located between the shut-off valve A4 and extends to the check valve A3 and has the outer heat exchanger 18, can be removed or sucked off if there is a shortage of refrigerant during heating operation.
  • the refrigeration system shown in FIG. 6 shows a structurally simple design with a heat pump function.
  • the basic system 100 (see FIG. 5) is essentially only supplemented by the heating register 26 (heat sink) for indoor air heating and several individual valves A2 to A5, which allow switching between AC operation and heating or heat pump operation, including a respective opening (A2 or A5) of the suction of the other, non-active strand.
  • the individual shut-off valves A2 to A5 shown here instead of the individual shut-off valves A2 to A5 shown here, a correspondingly designed multi-way valve can also be used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de refroidissement (10) ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur pour un véhicule motorisé, comprenant un système de base (100), formé selon une configuration minimale, comprenant : un compresseur de fluide de refroidissement (12) ; un échangeur de chaleur externe (18) à action directe ou indirecte disposé en aval du compresseur de liquide de refroidissement ; un premier évaporateur (22) à action directe ou indirecte en tant que partie d'une unité de climatisation (32) pour une climatisation intérieure du véhicule motorisé, qui est disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur externe (18) et ayant un premier élément d'expansion (AE2) connecté en amont ; un second évaporateur (28), en particulier un refroidisseur, en tant que partie d'une unité de refroidissement d'une unité d'entraînement ou de stockage électrique, qui est disposé de manière parallèle en communication fluidique avec le premier évaporateur (22) et ayant un second élément d'expansion (AE1) connecté en amont ; au moins un collecteur côté basse pression (24) disposé en aval du premier et du second évaporateur (22, 28), ou au moins un collecteur côté haute pression (25) disposé en aval de l'échangeur de chaleur externe (18) et en amont du premier et du second évaporateur (22, 28). Le système de base (100) forme un train primaire (14) et peut être connecté de manière fluidique à un train secondaire (16) pour obtenir la fonction de pompe à chaleur, ledit train secondaire bifurquant à partir du système de base (100) en aval du compresseur de liquide de refroidissement (12) et comportant une batterie de chauffage (26) pour un chauffage direct ou indirect d'air, qui fait partie de l'unité de climatisation (32).
EP21717799.7A 2020-07-06 2021-04-06 Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type Pending EP4175839A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020117701.1A DE102020117701A1 (de) 2020-07-06 2020-07-06 Kälteanlage mit Wärmepumpenfunktion basierend auf einem erweiterbaren Basissystem und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Kälteanlage
PCT/EP2021/058833 WO2022008112A1 (fr) 2020-07-06 2021-04-06 Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4175839A1 true EP4175839A1 (fr) 2023-05-10

Family

ID=75441887

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21717799.7A Pending EP4175839A1 (fr) 2020-07-06 2021-04-06 Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230234421A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4175839A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115768637A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020117701A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022008112A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019201427B4 (de) * 2019-02-05 2022-01-13 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältemittelkreislaufs einer Kälteanlage eines Fahrzeugs
DE102019212503A1 (de) * 2019-08-21 2021-02-25 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage für ein Fahrzeug mit einem für einen Kälteanlagen-Betrieb betreibbaren Kältemittelkreislauf

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5598887A (en) 1993-10-14 1997-02-04 Sanden Corporation Air conditioner for vehicles
DE19644583B4 (de) 1996-10-26 2004-12-30 Behr Gmbh & Co. Kg Fahrzeugklimaanlage mit mehreren Kondensatoren und/oder Verdampfern
DE102010042127B4 (de) * 2010-10-07 2020-09-17 Audi Ag Kältemittelkreislauf einer Klimaanlage eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DE102011118162C5 (de) * 2011-11-10 2020-03-26 Audi Ag Kombinierte Kälteanlage und Wärmepumpe und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Anlage mit funktionsabhängiger Kältemittelverlagerung innerhalb des Kältemittelkreislaufes
DE102012108731B4 (de) * 2012-09-17 2022-10-06 Audi Ag Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012222594B4 (de) 2012-12-10 2018-05-17 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältemittelkreislaufs als Wärmepumpe sowie als Wärmepumpe betreibbarer Kältemittelkreislauf
DE102013206626A1 (de) 2013-04-15 2014-10-16 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Wärmepumpenanlage sowie Verfahren zur Klimatisierung eines Fahrzeuges
DE102016004999B3 (de) 2016-04-25 2017-08-17 Audi Ag Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE102018207049A1 (de) * 2018-05-07 2019-11-07 Audi Ag Kälteanlage für ein Fahrzeug mit einem eine Wärmepumpenfunktion aufweisenden Kältemittelkreislauf
DE102018209769B4 (de) * 2018-06-18 2022-05-19 Audi Ag Verfahren zum Betreiben einer einen Kältemittelkreislauf aufweisenden Kälteanlage eines Fahrzeugs
DE102018221280A1 (de) 2018-12-10 2020-06-10 Audi Ag Kälteanlage eines Fahrzeugs mit einem für einen AC-Betrieb und für einen Heizbetrieb betreibaren Kältemittelkreislauf
DE102018222101B4 (de) 2018-12-18 2020-10-29 Audi Ag Kälteanlage mit Wärmepumpenfunktion mit aktiv durchströmtem Kältemittelsammler, Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Kälteanlage und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Kälteanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020117701A1 (de) 2022-01-13
WO2022008112A1 (fr) 2022-01-13
CN115768637A (zh) 2023-03-07
US20230234421A1 (en) 2023-07-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3697635B1 (fr) Procédé servant à faire fonctionner un circuit frigorifique ainsi qu'une installation de réfrigération de véhicule
DE112017000275T5 (de) Wärmepumpensystem für ein Fahrzeug
DE102012108886A1 (de) Wärmeübertrageranordnung und Klimatisierungssystem eines Kraftfahrzeuges
EP3648997B1 (fr) Installation frigorifique pour véhicule pourvue d'un circuit de réfrigération équipé d'un échangeur thermique et échangeur thermique conçu pour une telle installation frigorifique
DE102013206630A1 (de) Kühl- und Heizsystem für ein Elektro- oder Hybrid-Fahrzeug sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben eines derartigen Kühl- und Heizsystems
EP3595919B1 (fr) Installation frigorifique d'un véhicule avec un circuit de réfrigérant pouvant fonctionner comme un circuit frigorifique pour un mode ac et comme circuit de pompe à chaleur pour un mode de chauffage
DE102014219514A1 (de) Anlagen-Aus-Konfiguration für eine Klimaanlage
DE102020117471B4 (de) Wärmepumpenanordnung mit indirekter Batterieerwärmung für batteriebetriebene Kraftfahrzeuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Wärmepumpenanordnung
DE102016115952A1 (de) Fahrzeug-HVAC-System mit einem zusätzlichen Kühlmittelkreislauf zum Heizen und Kühlen des Fahrzeugsinnenraums
EP4175839A1 (fr) Système de refroidissement ayant une fonction de pompe à chaleur basée sur un système de base extensible et véhicule motorisé ayant un système de refroidissement de ce type
DE102015015125A1 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE102019203292B4 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage für ein Fahrzeug mit einem eine Wärmepumpenfunktion aufweisenden Kältemittelkreislauf
DE102021131215A1 (de) Wärmepumpenanordnung mit einem Chiller für batteriebetriebene Fahrzeuge und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Wärmepumpenanordnung
DE102016004999B3 (de) Fahrzeugklimaanlage
DE102018201945A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Kältemittelkreislaufs sowie Fahrzeugkälteanlage
DE102016201835A1 (de) Klimatisierungsvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018221280A1 (de) Kälteanlage eines Fahrzeugs mit einem für einen AC-Betrieb und für einen Heizbetrieb betreibaren Kältemittelkreislauf
DE112013002754B4 (de) Heizungs-, Lüftungs- und/oder Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage
WO2019214927A1 (fr) Système de refroidissement d'un véhicule, muni d'un circuit de fluide réfrigérant présentant une fonction de pompe à chaleur
DE10065112A1 (de) Anordnung und Verfahren zum Kühlen beziehungsweise Heizen
DE102020127528A1 (de) Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Kälteanlage mit Wärmepumpenfunktion und Regenerationsfunktion für Wärmequellen, Kälteanlage und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer solchen Kälteanlage
EP1462281A2 (fr) Appareil de climatisation avec plusieurs évaporateurs pour véhicule à moteur
DE112013002706T5 (de) Heizungs-, Lüftungs- und/oder Klimaanlage für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Verfahren zum Betrieb einer solchen Anlage
DE102017208231B4 (de) Kälteanlage für ein Fahrzeug mit einem Kältemittelkreislauf
DE102018215026B4 (de) Kälteanlage für ein Fahrzeug mit einem einen zweiflutigen Wärmeübertrager aufweisenden Kältemittelkreislauf sowie Wärmeübertrager und Verfahren zum Betreiben der Kälteanlage

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20230206

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

P01 Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered

Effective date: 20230529

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS