EP4151327A1 - Extrusion machine with a sensor unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an extrusion press (1) for continuously producing profiles (2) from a deformable extruded material (3). The extrusion presses (1) comprise a base frame (5), a friction wheel (4) driven by a drive unit (45), a bearing unit (48) with a first bearing device (49) and a second bearing device (50) and a tool holding device (6) with a tool unit (12). It is also provided that the tool unit (12) is supported on its side facing away from the friction wheel (4) with the interposition of a first sensor unit (25) on the tool holding device (6), in particular on a first positioning surface (23) of the receiving chamber (22). .

Description

The invention relates to an extrusion press for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extruded material.

A generically trained extrusion machine is from WO 2015/070274 A1 known. The extrusion press is used for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extruded material and comprises a base frame, a friction wheel that can be rotated about a drive axis, a tool holding device, a locking device and a tool unit supported on the tool holding device. The tool holding device is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted between a working position and a release position. The locking device holds the tool holding device in its working position. The tool unit is also accommodated in a receiving chamber arranged in the tool holding device and comprises a wiping element arranged in a wiping area. In this extrusion press, a measuring device is described for directly determining the actual gap width in the area between the friction wheel and the tool unit with its stripping element, which, however, could not be realized in this form in practice. Furthermore, an overload of the machine could only be detected when damage occurred to it. It was also not possible to minimize or prevent the absorption of oxygen into the material to be formed during the forming operation. Although a possibility of changing the friction wheel by dismantling a part of the drive shaft was mentioned, the accessibility and the associated manageability of the friction wheel to be changed was not sufficient.

The object of the present invention was to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide an extrusion press machine and a method by means of which a user is able to operate the extrusion press machine safely and economically. In addition to or independently of this, however, a higher quality of the profile produced should also be achievable. Furthermore, changing the friction wheel should also be made easier and safer for the operator.

These objects are achieved by an extrusion press and/or by means of a method according to the claims.

• ein Grundgestell,
• zumindest ein um eine Antriebsachse drehbares Reibrad, welches Reibrad mit zumindest einer Umfangsnut versehen ist, und mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung in Antriebsverbindung steht,
• eine Werkzeughaltevorrichtung, welche an einer am Grundgestell gehaltenen Schwenkachse gelagert ist und um die Schwenkachse zwischen einer Arbeitsstellung und einer Freigabestellung verschwenkbar ist, wobei die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in Durchtrittsrichtung des herzustellenden Profils gesehen, dem Reibrad nachgeordnet ist,
• eine Arretiervorrichtung, welche Arretiervorrichtung in ihrer Arretierstellung die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in deren Arbeitsstellung bezüglich des Grundgestells arretiert hält,
• zumindest eine Werkzeugeinheit, welche Werkzeugeinheit an der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung abgestützt ist, insbesondere in einer in der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung angeordneten Aufnahmekammer aufgenommen ist, und zumindest einen Abstreifbereich mit zumindest einem Abstreifelement für das umzuformende Strangpressgut vom Reibrad enthält oder ausbildet, wobei
• eine Abschirmeinheit vorgesehen ist,
• die Abschirmeinheit zumindest eine erste Düse und zumindest eine zweite Düse umfasst,
• die zumindest eine erste Düse und die zumindest eine zweite Düse jeweils zur Abgabe eines von gasförmigem Sauerstoff freien Gases ausgebildet sind, um einen Zutritt von Umgebungsluft hin zu dem erwärmten Strangpressgut zu minimieren oder zu unterbinden,
• die zumindest eine erste Düse auf einen Umfangsteilabschnitt des Reibrades gerichtet ist, welcher Umfangsteilabschnitt zum Kontakt mit dem zugeführten Strangpressgut vorgesehen ist, und wobei
• die zumindest eine zweite Düse unterhalb des Abstreifbereichs der Werkzeugeinheit angeordnet ist.

The extrusion press according to the invention is used for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extruded material and can include at least the following machine components:

• a base frame,
• at least one friction wheel that can be rotated about a drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is drive-connected to a drive device,
• a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being arranged downstream of the friction wheel as seen in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced,
• a locking device, which locking device in its locking position keeps the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame,
• at least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, in particular accommodated in a receiving chamber arranged in the tool holding device, and contains or forms at least one stripping area with at least one stripping element for the extruded material to be formed from the friction wheel, wherein
• a shielding unit is provided,
• the shielding unit comprises at least one first nozzle and at least one second nozzle,
• the at least one first nozzle and the at least one second nozzle are each designed to deliver a gas free of gaseous oxygen in order to minimize or prevent ambient air from entering the heated extruded material,
• the at least one first nozzle is directed onto a circumferential section of the friction wheel, which circumferential section is provided for contact with the supplied extruded material, and wherein
• the at least one second nozzle is arranged below the stripping area of the tool unit.

The advantage achieved in this way is that the provision of an additional shielding unit within the extrusion press in the area in which the extruded material to be formed is heated to the required forming temperature by means of the friction wheel minimizes the ingress of oxygen, as is present in the ambient air or prevented altogether. A gas free of gaseous oxygen can thus be supplied by means of the nozzles provided in order to create an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere in this area or machine section. In this way, the high initial quality of the still undeformed extruded material can also be retained entirely or at least to a very high percentage in the profile produced. In this way, the absorption of oxygen can be greatly minimized or prevented entirely in an outer edge area of the profile, and thus an even higher quality can be achieved in the manufacture of the profiles.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if at least one of the nozzles is arranged or formed on the tool unit. If at least one of the nozzles is arranged on the tool unit, a reliable shielding effect can be achieved in that area with the highest material temperature. Furthermore, the supply and supply of the nozzles with the gas, in particular its line routing, can also take place in a simplified manner via the tool unit and the tool holding device.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the shielding unit also includes at least one shut-off valve, and the at least one shut-off valve of the at least one first nozzle is arranged upstream of the first nozzle in the area of the partial peripheral section of the friction wheel and viewed in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel. By providing at least one shut-off flap in the feed area of the extruded material, the outflow of the gas fed in can be reduced and thus the consumption of the same can be reduced. However, this also makes it easier to create a better shielded space with a lower gas pressure and a higher gas pressure than the ambient pressure inside the extrusion press, in order to further improve the shielding effect.

Another possible embodiment has the features that the shielding unit comprises a further nozzle arrangement, which further nozzle arrangement in the direction of rotation of the Friction wheel is seen downstream of at least one second nozzle. In this way, an additional blocking effect can also be created in the area following the scraping area in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel. In this way, an additional barrier curtain against the ingress of oxygen can be provided.

• ein Grundgestell,
• zumindest ein um eine Antriebsachse drehbares Reibrad, welches Reibrad mit zumindest einer Umfangsnut versehen ist, und mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung in Antriebsverbindung steht,
• eine Werkzeughaltevorrichtung, welche an einer am Grundgestell gehaltenen Schwenkachse gelagert ist und um die Schwenkachse zwischen einer Arbeitsstellung und einer Freigabestellung verschwenkbar ist, wobei die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in Durchtrittsrichtung des herzustellenden Profils gesehen, dem Reibrad nachgeordnet ist,
• eine Arretiervorrichtung, welche Arretiervorrichtung in ihrer Arretierstellung die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in deren Arbeitsstellung bezüglich des Grundgestells arretiert hält,
• zumindest eine Werkzeugeinheit, welche Werkzeugeinheit an der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung abgestützt ist, insbesondere in einer in der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung angeordneten Aufnahmekammer aufgenommen ist, und zumindest einen dem Reibrad zugewendeten Abstreifbereich mit zumindest einem Abstreifelement für das umzuformende Strangpressgut vom Reibrad enthält oder ausbildet, wobei
• die Werkzeugeinheit an ihrer vom Reibrad abgewendeten Seite unter Zwischenschaltung einer ersten Sensoreinheit an der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung, insbesondere an einer ersten Positionierfläche der Aufnahmekammer, abgestützt ist.

The invention also relates to a further, possibly independent, embodiment of an extrusion press machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material. The extrusion press machine can also be combined with the previously described embodiments of the extrusion press machine and can include at least the following machine components:

• a base frame,
• at least one friction wheel that can be rotated about a drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is drive-connected to a drive device,
• a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being arranged downstream of the friction wheel as seen in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced,
• a locking device, which locking device in its locking position keeps the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame,
• at least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, in particular accommodated in a receiving chamber arranged in the tool holding device, and contains or forms at least one stripping area facing the friction wheel with at least one stripping element for the extruded material to be formed from the friction wheel, wherein
• the tool unit is supported on its side facing away from the friction wheel with the interposition of a first sensor unit on the tool holding device, in particular on a first positioning surface of the receiving chamber.

The advantage achieved in this way is that by providing the sensor unit for determining a compressive force transmitted from the tool unit to the tool holding device and with prior knowledge of the forming force usually required, a conclusion can be drawn in the event of changes and deviations from this occurring errors or overloads can be recognized quickly. In this way, for example, damage to the extrusion press can be avoided if the forming force increases and the associated higher measured compressive force occurs. For example, the required or existing forming force can be recorded as a compressive force by the sensor unit in normal, normal forming operation and stored as a target value for each profile geometry with lower and upper limits. If, for example, the upper limit value is exceeded, the speed of the friction wheel can be reduced, for example, in order to carry out a proper forming operation within the specified limits without causing damage to the machine.

A further embodiment provides that the first sensor unit comprises a plurality of sensors, in particular four, which are arranged in a peripheral edge area of the tool unit. If several sensors are provided to form the first sensor unit, a more uniform support and determination of pressure from the tool unit to the tool holding device can be made possible.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the first sensor unit is communicatively connected to a control and/or regulating device. This allows the currently measured and determined forming forces and/or pressure forces of the tool unit to be compared with specified forces within certain limits and, if they are exceeded or not reached, operating parameters such as the speed of the friction wheel, the feed speed of the extruded material, etc., can be adjusted to ensure proper To be able to ensure operation of the extrusion press.

Another embodiment is characterized in that at least one temperature control element is provided, which at least one temperature control element is accommodated in the receiving chamber and is arranged in front of the sensor unit in the direction of the friction wheel, the at least one temperature control element being designed to dissipate heat from the tool unit. In this way, heat transfer from the tool unit to the sensor unit can be minimized or reduced. Furthermore, the prevailing temperature in the area of the sensor unit can also be kept the same within certain limits in order to be able to achieve more precise measurement results.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the at least one temperature control element forms part of the tool unit. A compact design of the tool unit can thus be created.

• Ermitteln oder Festlegen eines ersten Abstandswerts zwischen einer ersten Werkzeugkomponente und einer Abstandsmessvorrichtung,
• Hinterlegen des ersten Abstandswerts in einer Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung,
• Annähern und Zustellen einer zweiten Werkzeugkomponente an die stillstehende erste Werkzeugkomponente bis zur Anlage der zweiten Werkzeugkomponente an der ersten Werkzeugkomponente ;
• Wegverstellen der an der ersten Werkzeugkomponente anliegenden zweiten Werkzeugkomponente um einen in der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung hinterlegten ersten Verstellweg und dabei Ausbilden eines Spaltes zwischen der ersten Werkzeugkomponente und der zweiten Werkzeugkomponente mit einer Basisspaltweite;
• Inbetriebnahme der Strangpressmaschine und dabei Zuführen des Strangpressguts in die Strangpressmaschine zur ersten Werkzeugkomponente und Umformen des Strangpressguts zum Profil;
• weiteres Ermitteln von weiteren Abstandswerten zwischen der ersten Werkzeugkomponente und der Abstandsmessvorrichtung im Umformbetrieb der Strangpressmaschine,
• Bilden eines Abstands-Differenzwertes aus dem ersten Abstandswert abzüglich eines der weiteren Abstandswerte,
• Berechnen eines Istwertes einer Spaltweite zwischen der ersten Werkzeugkomponente und der zweiten Werkzeugkomponente, wobei vom Wert der Basisspaltweite der Abstands-Differenzwert abgezogen wird,
• Feststellen, ob der Istwert der Spaltweite innerhalb eines in der Steuer- und/oder Regelvorrichtung hinterlegten Wertebereichs mit einem unteren Sollwert der Spaltweite und einem oberen Sollwert der Spaltweite liegt,
• Wegverstellen der zweiten Werkzeugkomponente von der ersten Werkzeugkomponente bei einem Unterschreiten des unteren Sollwerts der Spaltweite oder Hinzuverstellen der zweiten Werkzeugkomponente in Richtung auf die erste Werkzeugkomponente bei einem Überschreiten des oberen Sollwerts der Spaltweite.

However, the invention also relates to a method for controlling the distance between two tool components of an extrusion press, the extrusion press being used for the continuous production of profiles from a formable extruded material and at least the following method steps being carried out:

• Determining or defining a first distance value between a first tool component and a distance measuring device,
• Storing the first distance value in a control and/or regulating device,
• Approaching and feeding a second tool component to the stationary first tool component until the second tool component rests on the first tool component;
• Displacing the second tool component lying against the first tool component by a first displacement path stored in the control and/or regulating device and thereby forming a gap between the first tool component and the second tool component with a basic gap width;
• Putting the extrusion press into operation and thereby feeding the extruded material into the extrusion press machine to the first tool component and forming the extruded material into the profile;
• further determination of further distance values between the first tool component and the distance measuring device in the forming operation of the extrusion press,
• forming a distance difference value from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values,
• Calculating an actual value of a gap width between the first tool component and the second tool component, the distance difference value being subtracted from the value of the basic gap width,
• Determining whether the actual value of the gap width is within a value range stored in the control and/or regulating device with a lower target value for the gap width and an upper target value for the gap width,
• Displacement of the second tool component from the first tool component when the gap width falls below the lower target value or displacement of the second tool component in the direction of the first tool component when the upper target value of the gap width is exceeded.

The advantage of the method steps chosen here is that a basic distance value can be defined based on the determination of the distance value between the first tool component and the distance measuring device, which serves as a reference for temperature-related changes in length of the first tool component. Due to the temperature-related change in dimensions, namely an increase in the same, further distance values are subsequently determined during the ongoing forming operation in order to draw conclusions about the actual dimensions of this tool component. Furthermore, if the basic gap width is set in an initial state in which the extrusion press machine and the tool components are at a low temperature, in particular ambient temperature, the gap width can be readjusted during ongoing forming operation on the basis of the determined actual value of the gap width. In this way, collisions between tool components of the extrusion press machine that are moved relative to one another can be prevented or avoided.

The first determination or setting of the first distance value can also be referred to as a calibration step, in order to form a reference basis for the subsequent steps or method features. The readjustment and setting of the gap width can also be referred to as an adjustment step.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which the determination of the first distance value is carried out at an initial temperature of the first tool component in a temperature range between 10° C. and 40° C. It can thus be ensured that the first tool component in its "cold state" has the usual dimensions without a temperature-related change in length.

A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that the first tool component is formed by a friction wheel of the extrusion press. The first tool component is thus defined as a rotating component, which is used to introduce the necessary forming temperature into the extruded material to be formed.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which the second tool component is formed by a tool unit accommodated in a tool holding device and held positioned in the tool holding device with at least one stripping element facing the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel. This allows a clear reference to be made between the two tool components for setting the gap.

Another procedure is characterized in that the tool units are each formed or are formed with the same longitudinal dimensions in their longitudinal extent, starting from the stripping element up to a tool end surface arranged at a distance therefrom, viewed in the direction of passage of the profile produced. This means that a clear, recurring, uniform longitudinal extension of tool units can already be defined during the design phase. This can simplify the adjustment effort for different tool units in the tool holding device, since the stripping element is always arranged in the same relative position with respect to the tool holding device.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which the tool holding device is mounted pivotably about a pivot axis held on a base frame and can be pivoted between a working position and a release position. This means that a tool change can easily be carried out in the release position.

A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, a basic angular position of the tool holding device with respect to the base frame is determined and stored in the control and/or regulating device. As a result, a relative constantly recurring base position of the tool holding device with respect to the base frame can be determined and used as a reference basis for subsequent adjustment processes and adjustment processes.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which, after the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, has been moved away, a target angular position is determined by the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, and stored in the control and/or Control device is deposited. In this way, the predetermined angular position of the still “cold” extrusion press can be determined and recorded before the extrusion press is put into operation for the forming process.

Another procedure is characterized in that after a tool change has been carried out on the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, and when the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, is at a standstill, the tool holding device together with the second tool component is pivoted from its release position towards the working position for as long as until the relative basic angular position between the tool holding device and the base frame is reached and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is brought into contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel. This makes it possible to control and check whether or not the predefined base angle position has been reached when the second tool component mechanically contacts the first tool component.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which, when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel, before the relative basic angular position between the tool holding device and the base frame is reached, an error handling routine is started by the control and regulating device becomes. In this way, damage to the machine can be avoided, which can be determined quickly and easily by an otherwise incorrect positioning of the second tool component in the tool holding device and can be remedied and eliminated before it is put into operation.

A further advantageous procedure is characterized in that the second tool component is formed by a scraping device with a scraper element. This makes it possible to also be able to position and adjust another tool component in relation to the first tool component. In the present example, this relates to the scraper device with its scraper element.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which the scraper element is placed against the first tool component, in particular against the friction wheel, when approaching and infeeding in the direction of the first tool component. In this way, the scraper element can also be positioned alone, and the gap setting can thus be carried out exactly.

• ein Grundgestell,
• eine Antriebseinheit mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung und mit einer Antriebswelle, welche Antriebswelle eine Antriebsachse definiert;
• zumindest ein um die Antriebsachse drehbares Reibrad, welches Reibrad mit zumindest einer Umfangsnut versehen ist und mit der Antriebsvorrichtung in Antriebsverbindung steht,
• eine Lagereinheit mit einer ersten Lagervorrichtung und mit einer zweiten Lagervorrichtung, wobei die Lagervorrichtungen beidseits des Reibrades angeordnet sind, und mittels welcher Lagervorrichtungen die Antriebswelle am Grundgestell drehbar gelagert ist,
• eine Werkzeughaltevorrichtung, welche an einer am Grundgestell gehaltenen Schwenkachse gelagert ist und um die Schwenkachse zwischen einer Arbeitsstellung und einer Freigabestellung verschwenkbar ist, wobei die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in Durchtrittsrichtung des herzustellenden Profils gesehen, dem Reibrad nachgeordnet ist,
• eine Arretiervorrichtung, welche Arretiervorrichtung in ihrer Arretierstellung die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in deren Arbeitsstellung bezüglich des Grundgestells arretiert hält,
• zumindest eine Werkzeugeinheit, welche Werkzeugeinheit an der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung abgestützt ist, und weiters
• zumindest ein Auslegerarm vorgesehen ist, welcher zumindest eine Auslegerarm in paralleler Richtung bezüglich der Antriebsachse erstreckend angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist,
• eine Führungsanordnung vorgesehen ist, welche Führungsanordnung am zumindest einen Auslegerarm angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist,
• zumindest eine Kopplungsvorrichtung vorgesehen ist, wobei die Kopplungsvorrichtung eine Kopplungsstellung und eine Entkopplungsstellung aufweist, und dass die erste Lagervorrichtung bei in der Kopplungsstellung befindlichen Kopplungsvorrichtung mit dem Grundgestell gekoppelt ist, und weiters
• die erste Lagervorrichtung bei in der Entkopplungsstellung befindlichen Kopplungsvorrichtung mittels der Führungsanordnung entlang des Auslegerarms verstellbar an diesem geführt ist.

The invention also relates to a further, possibly independent, embodiment of an extrusion press machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material. The extrusion press machine can also be combined with the previously described embodiments of the extrusion press machine and can include at least the following machine components, which are used in particular to carry out a friction wheel changing process:

• a base frame,
• a drive unit with a drive device and with a drive shaft, which drive shaft defines a drive axis;
• at least one friction wheel that can be rotated about the drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is drive-connected to the drive device,
• a bearing unit with a first bearing device and with a second bearing device, the bearing devices being arranged on both sides of the friction wheel, and by means of which bearing devices the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the base frame,
• a tool holding device which is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being arranged downstream of the friction wheel as seen in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced,
• a locking device, which locking device in its locking position keeps the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame,
• at least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device, and further
• at least one cantilever arm is provided, which is arranged or configured to extend at least one cantilever arm in a direction parallel to the drive axis,
• a guide arrangement is provided, which guide arrangement is arranged or formed on at least one extension arm,
• at least one coupling device is provided, wherein the coupling device has a coupling position and a decoupling position, and that the first bearing device is coupled to the base frame when the coupling device is in the coupling position, and further
• the first bearing device is guided adjustably on the cantilever arm by means of the guide arrangement when the coupling device is in the decoupling position.

The advantage of this embodiment of the extrusion press is that accessibility to the friction wheel to be changed can be significantly improved, since the entire first bearing device, including the drive wheel, can be adjusted from the working position located inside the base frame to a changing position located outside the base frame. For this purpose, the first bearing device is completely removed from the drive shaft, as a result of which the friction wheel is also removed from the drive shaft and arranged at a distance. In order to be able to carry out an exact adjustment movement of the first bearing device relative to the drive shaft, a separate arm, in particular a cantilever arm, is provided with a guide arrangement, which is used to hold the first bearing device during the relative adjustment movement. By means of the coupling device, it is possible to be able to keep the entire first storage device in a stationary position on the base frame. For this purpose, a structural unit of the base frame that belongs together with the drive unit and the bearing unit, in particular the displaceable first bearing device, can be created in the operating state. By moving or adjusting the first storage device together with the friction wheel from its working position within the base frame, access and the use of tools to carry out the friction wheel changing process can be made easier for the operating personnel, even with larger and heavier friction wheels, possibly together with the driver rings. This can also reduce the risk of accidents and increase user-friendliness. Furthermore, a more rapid friction wheel change can also be made possible and carried out in this way.

Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the second bearing device, together with the drive shaft, is arranged in a stationary manner on the base frame. This can be made possible during the friction wheel changing process overhung storage of the drive shaft on the base frame, in which despite this, sufficient storage of the drive shaft is also maintained during the friction wheel changing process.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm extends from the base frame to the side facing away from the drive device. A simple and collision-free displacement adjustment of the first bearing device can thus be carried out. Furthermore, however, an unhindered arrangement of the drive device is also possible.

Another possible embodiment has the features that the at least one cantilever arm is arranged in the vertical direction above the drive shaft and the first bearing device is held guided in a hanging arrangement on the at least one cantilever arm, or that one cantilever arm is arranged below the drive shaft and supports the first bearing device is guided on at least one cantilever arm. As a result, the accessibility for carrying out the friction wheel change to the displaced and decoupled first bearing device can be further improved. In this way, sufficient free space can also be created in the floor area with aids such as mobile transport devices, lifting devices or the like. Furthermore, with the floor-side arrangement of the cantilever arm, a simpler support can be achieved directly on the contact area for the system.

A further preferred embodiment is characterized in that the at least one cantilever arm is held on the base frame. In this way, a more precise alignment and positioning of the drive shaft and the first bearing device relative to one another can be made possible for carrying out the friction wheel changing process.

A further embodiment provides that the at least one friction wheel is held on the first bearing device, optionally with the interposition of a driver ring. This allows the friction wheel to be displaced together with the first bearing device from the base frame.

Another possible embodiment has the features that a support arrangement is provided and the support arrangement comprises at least one support device which at least a support device is or are arranged on at least one side facing away from the friction wheel, preferably on both sides facing away from the friction wheel, of the bearing devices on the drive shaft in a form-fitting position in the axial direction. By providing at least one of the support arrangements, a secure and permanent power transmission, by means of which the friction wheel is held clamped, can be achieved even with high axial forces to be transmitted to the drive shaft.

It can also be advantageous if the support device comprises at least two support elements and the at least two support elements are arranged on the outside of the drive shaft. The split design of the supporting device means that it can be arranged on the drive shaft safely and, above all, with minimal space requirements, as well as easy removal and disassembly. The support elements are preferably designed as half-shells and thus enclose the drive shaft.

One possible design can be advantageous if several groove-shaped first depressions are provided in the drive shaft, spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, and a first support flange is formed between first depressions that are immediately adjacent in the axial direction, and that the support elements have second depressions of opposite design and between directly in Axially adjacent arranged second recesses each have a second support flange is formed. Due to the depressions designed in the form of annular grooves, a very precise design and arrangement of the depressions on the drive shaft can be achieved. The support elements, which are constructed in a manner that is opposite to this, engage with their second support flanges in the first depressions in the drive shaft. In this way, a very precise and almost play-free interlocking and, associated with this, a uniform power transmission can be achieved.

• Entkoppeln einer zwischen einer ersten Lagervorrichtung und einem Grundgestell der Strangpressmaschine befindlichen Kopplungsvorrichtung und dabei verstellen von ihrer Kopplungsstellung in ihre Entkopplungsstellung,
• relatives Wegverstellen der ersten Lagervorrichtung mitsamt dem daran gehaltenen Reibrad entlang einer am zumindest einem Auslegerarm angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Führungsanordnung in paralleler Richtung bezüglich der Antriebsachse der Antriebswelle,
• Entfernen des zu wechselnden Reibrades von der ersten Lagervorrichtung und Anordnen eines anderen Reibrades an der ersten Lagervorrichtung,
• Zurückverstellen der ersten Lagervorrichtung entlang der am zumindest einen Auslegerarm angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Führungsanordnung hin in Richtung auf das Grundgestell,
• Ankoppeln der ersten Lagervorrichtung an das Grundgestell und dabei umstellen der Kopplungsvorrichtung von ihrer Entkopplungsstellung in ihre Kopplungsstellung.

However, the invention also relates to a method for changing a friction wheel, which friction wheel is drive-connected to a drive device and can be rotated about a drive axis defined by a drive shaft. The method can include at least the following steps:

• decoupling a coupling device located between a first storage device and a base frame of the extrusion press and thereby adjusting it from its coupling position to its decoupling position,
• relative displacement of the first bearing device together with the friction wheel held thereon along a guide arrangement arranged or formed on at least one cantilever arm in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis of the drive shaft,
• Removing the friction wheel to be changed from the first storage device and arranging another friction wheel on the first storage device,
• Reversing the first bearing device along the guide arrangement arranged or formed on at least one cantilever arm in the direction of the base frame,
• Coupling the first bearing device to the base frame and thereby switching the coupling device from its decoupling position to its coupling position.

The advantage of this procedure is that accessibility to the friction wheel to be changed can be significantly improved, since the entire first bearing device and also the drive wheel can be adjusted from the working position inside the base frame to a changing position outside the base frame. For this purpose, the first bearing device can be completely removed from the drive shaft, as a result of which the friction wheel is also removed from the drive shaft and arranged at a distance. In order to be able to carry out an exact adjustment movement of the first bearing device relative to the drive shaft, a separate arm, in particular a cantilever arm, is provided with a guide arrangement, which is used to hold and support the first bearing device during the relative adjustment movement. By means of the coupling device, it is possible to be able to keep the entire first storage device in a stationary position on the base frame. For this purpose, a structural unit of the base frame that belongs together with the drive unit and the bearing unit, in particular the displaceable first bearing device, can be created in the operating state. By moving or adjusting the first storage device together with the friction wheel from its working position within the base frame, access and the use of tools to carry out the friction wheel changing process can be made easier for the operating personnel, even with larger and heavier friction wheels, possibly together with the driver rings. This can also reduce the risk of accidents and increase user-friendliness. Furthermore, a more rapid friction wheel change can also be made possible and carried out in this way.

Furthermore, a procedure is advantageous in which the drive shaft and a second bearing device supporting the drive shaft remain stationary on the base frame during the process of changing the friction wheel. Thus, during the friction wheel changing process, a cantilever mounting of the drive shaft on the base frame can be made possible, in which case a sufficient mounting of the drive shaft can still be maintained even during the friction wheel changing process.

A variant of the method is also advantageous in which the first bearing device is held in a suspended arrangement on the extension arm located vertically above the drive shaft and is guided on at least one extension arm, or that one extension arm is arranged below the drive shaft and the first bearing device is supported on the at least one extension arm to be led. As a result, the accessibility for carrying out the friction wheel change to the displaced and decoupled first bearing device can be further improved. In this way, sufficient free space can also be created in the floor area with aids such as mobile transport devices, lifting devices or the like. Furthermore, with the floor-side arrangement of the cantilever arm, a simpler support can be achieved directly on the contact area for the system.

• ein Grundgestell,
• eine Antriebseinheit mit einer Antriebsvorrichtung und mit einer Antriebswelle, welche Antriebswelle eine Antriebsachse definiert;
• zumindest ein um die Antriebsachse drehbares Reibrad, welches Reibrad mit zumindest einer Umfangsnut versehen ist und mit der Antriebsvorrichtung in Antriebsverbindung steht,
• eine Lagereinheit mit einer ersten Lagervorrichtung und mit einer zweiten Lagervorrichtung, wobei die Lagervorrichtungen beidseits des Reibrades angeordnet sind, und mittels welcher Lagervorrichtungen die Antriebswelle am Grundgestell drehbar gelagert ist,
• eine Werkzeughaltevorrichtung, welche Werkzeughaltevorrichtung an einer am Grundgestell gehaltenen Schwenkachse gelagert ist und um die Schwenkachse zwischen einer Arbeitsstellung und einer Freigabestellung verschwenkbar ist, wobei die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in Durchtrittsrichtung des herzustellenden Profils gesehen, dem Reibrad nachgeordnet ist,
• eine Arretiervorrichtung, welche Arretiervorrichtung in ihrer Arretierstellung die Werkzeughaltevorrichtung in deren Arbeitsstellung bezüglich des Grundgestells arretiert hält,
• zumindest eine Werkzeugeinheit, welche Werkzeugeinheit an der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung abgestützt ist,

dadurch gekennzeichnet,

• dass zumindest ein Auslegerarm vorgesehen ist, welcher zumindest eine Auslegerarm in paralleler Richtung bezüglich der Antriebsachse erstreckend angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist,
• dass eine Führungsanordnung vorgesehen ist, welche Führungsanordnung am zumindest einen Auslegerarm angeordnet oder ausgebildet ist,
• dass eine Stützanordnung mit einer Stützvorrichtung vorgesehen ist,
• dass die Stützvorrichtung auf der vom Reibrad abgewendeten Seite der zweiten Lagervorrichtung und auf der der Antriebsvorrichtung zugewendeten Seite an der Antriebswelle in Axialrichtung formschlüssig positioniert angeordnet ist, und
• dass die Stützvorrichtung zumindest zwei Stützelemente umfasst und die zumindest zwei Stützelemente außenseitig an der Antriebswelle angeordnet sind.

The invention also relates to a further, possibly independent, embodiment of an extrusion press machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material. The extrusion press includes

• a base frame,
• a drive unit with a drive device and with a drive shaft, which drive shaft defines a drive axis;
• at least one friction wheel that can be rotated about the drive axis, which friction wheel is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is drive-connected to the drive device,
• a bearing unit with a first bearing device and with a second bearing device, the bearing devices being arranged on both sides of the friction wheel, and by means of which bearing devices the drive shaft is rotatably mounted on the base frame,
• a tool holding device, which tool holding device is mounted on a pivot axis held on the base frame and about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device being arranged downstream of the friction wheel, seen in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced,
• a locking device, which locking device in its locking position keeps the tool holding device locked in its working position with respect to the base frame,
• at least one tool unit, which tool unit is supported on the tool holding device,

characterized,

• that at least one cantilever arm is provided, which at least one cantilever arm is arranged or configured to extend in a direction parallel to the drive axis,
• that a guide arrangement is provided, which guide arrangement is arranged or formed on at least one extension arm,
• that a support arrangement is provided with a support device,
• that the supporting device is arranged on the side of the second bearing device facing away from the friction wheel and on the side facing the drive device on the drive shaft in a form-fitting position in the axial direction, and
• that the support device comprises at least two support elements and the at least two support elements are arranged on the outside of the drive shaft.

The advantage of this embodiment of the extrusion machine is that the entire first bearing device does not have to be moved away from the base frame, but the two bearing devices can remain on the base frame for changing the friction wheel. By providing the split support device with at least two support elements, a secure arrangement on the drive shaft, which above all can be carried out with the smallest possible space requirement, and easy removal and disassembly of the same can take place. The support elements are preferably designed as half-shells and thus enclose the drive shaft. This means that the drive shaft can be released from its coupling connection with the drive unit after the support device has been removed and pulled out of the second bearing device in the axial direction until the friction wheel is released without any further significant rotational movement.

An advantageous possible embodiment is characterized in that several groove-shaped first depressions are provided in the drive shaft, spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, and a first support flange is formed between first depressions that are directly adjacent in the axial direction, and that the support elements have second depressions of opposite design and between directly a second supporting flange is formed in each case in the second depressions arranged adjacent in the axial direction. Due to the depressions designed in the form of annular grooves, a very precise design and arrangement of the depressions on the drive shaft can be achieved. The support elements, which are constructed in a manner that is opposite to this, engage with their second support flanges in the first depressions in the drive shaft. In this way, a very precise and almost play-free interlocking and, associated with this, a uniform power transmission can be achieved.

• Wegnahme der von einer Spannvorrichtung aufgebrachten axialen Spannkraft zwischen dem Reibrad (4) und der Antriebswelle,
• Lösen der Kupplungsverbindung zwischen der Antriebswelle und einer Kupplung einer Antriebseinheit,
• Lösen des formschlüssigen Eingriffs von zumindest zwei Stützelementen einer Stützvorrichtung mit der Antriebswelle,
• Verlagern der Antriebswelle in Axialrichtung relativ bezüglich von beidseits des Reibrades an einem Grundgestell gehaltenen Lagervorrichtung, wobei die relative Verlagerung der Antriebswelle an zumindest einem Auslegerarm entlang einer am zumindest einem Auslegerarm angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Führungsanordnung in paralleler Richtung bezüglich der Antriebsachse der Antriebswelle zumindest solange durchgeführt wird, bis dass das Reibrad von der Antriebswelle abnehmbar ist,
• Entfernen des zu wechselnden Reibrades und Anordnen eines anderen Reibrades zwischen den beiden Lagervorrichtung,
• Zurückverstellen der Antriebswelle und Ankoppeln der Antriebswelle an die Kupplung der Antriebseinheit,
• Anordnen der zumindest zwei Stützelemente der Stützvorrichtung auf der Antriebswelle in einem formschlüssigen Eingriff mit der Antriebswelle,
• Aufbringen der axialen Spannkraft zwischen dem Reibrad und der Antriebswelle mittels der Spannvorrichtung.

However, the invention also relates to a further method for changing a friction wheel, which friction wheel is drive-connected to a drive device and can be rotated about a drive axis defined by a drive shaft. The method can include at least the following steps:

• removal of the axial clamping force applied by a clamping device between the friction wheel (4) and the drive shaft,
• releasing the coupling connection between the drive shaft and a coupling of a drive unit,
• releasing the positive engagement of at least two support elements of a support device with the drive shaft,
• Shifting the drive shaft in the axial direction relative to the bearing device held on both sides of the friction wheel on a base frame, the relative shifting of the drive shaft on at least one extension arm along a guide arrangement arranged or formed on at least one extension arm in a parallel direction with respect to the drive axis of the drive shaft being carried out for at least as long until the friction wheel can be removed from the drive shaft,
• Removing the friction wheel to be changed and arranging another friction wheel between the two storage devices,
• Reversing the drive shaft and coupling the drive shaft to the drive unit clutch,
• arranging the at least two support elements of the support device on the drive shaft in positive engagement with the drive shaft,
• Application of the axial clamping force between the friction wheel and the drive shaft using the clamping device.

The advantage of this procedure when changing the friction wheel is that the entire first bearing device does not have to be moved away from the base frame, but the two bearing devices can remain on the base frame for the friction wheel change. By providing the split support device with at least two support elements, a secure arrangement on the drive shaft, which above all can be carried out with the smallest possible space requirement, and easy removal and disassembly of the same can take place. The support elements are preferably designed as half-shells and thus enclose the drive shaft. This means that the drive shaft can be released from its coupling connection with the drive unit after the support device has been removed and pulled out of the second bearing device in the axial direction until the friction wheel is released without any further significant rotational movement.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 1

ein grundsätzlicher Aufbau einer Strangpressmaschine gemäß dem bekannten Stand der Technik, in Seitenansicht sowie vereinfachter stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 2

die Strangpressmaschine mit einer im Bereich der Werkzeughaltevorrichtung angeordneten Sensoreinheit für die darin gehaltene Werkzeugeinheit, in Seitenansicht sowie vereinfachter stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 3

die Strangpressmaschine mit einer im Umformbereich angeordneten Abschirmvorrichtung, in Seitenansicht sowie vereinfachter stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 4

die Strangpressmaschine mit einer Abstandsregelungsvorrichtung zur Spalteinstellung zwischen dem Reibrad und der Werkzeugeinheit, in Seitenansicht sowie vereinfachter stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 5

die Strangpressmaschine mit einer Abstandsregelungsvorrichtung zur Spalteinstellung zwischen dem Reibrad und einer Schabvorrichtung, in Seitenansicht sowie vereinfachter stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 6

eine weitere mögliche Ausbildung einer Strangpressmaschine mit einer Vorrichtung zum Reibradwechsel, in Stirnansicht und stark stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 7

eine andere mögliche Ausbildung einer Strangpressmaschine mit einer Vorrichtung zum Reibradwechsel, in Stirnansicht und stark stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 8

ein weiteres mögliches Ausführungsbeispiel einer Strangpressmaschine mit einer Vorrichtung zum Reibradwechsel, in Stirnansicht und stark stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 9

ein Detail einer Stützanordnung mit einem Abschnitt einer Antriebswelle der Strangpressmaschine, im Axialschnitt sowie in Radialrichtung voneinander distanzierter Anordnung eines Stützelements von der Antriebswelle, in vergrößerter Darstellung.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

1

a basic structure of an extrusion machine according to the known prior art, in side view and simplified stylized representation;

2

the extrusion press with a sensor unit arranged in the area of the tool holding device for the tool unit held therein, in side view and in a simplified stylized representation;

3

the extrusion press with a shielding device arranged in the forming area, in a side view and a simplified, stylized representation;

4

the extrusion press with a distance control device for adjusting the gap between the friction wheel and the tool unit, in a side view and a simplified, stylized representation;

figure 5

the extrusion press with a distance control device for adjusting the gap between the friction wheel and a scraping device, in a side view and a simplified, stylized representation;

6

another possible embodiment of an extrusion press with a device for changing the friction wheel, in a front view and highly stylized representation;

7

another possible design of an extrusion press with a device for changing the friction wheel, in a front view and highly stylized representation;

8

another possible exemplary embodiment of an extrusion press with a device for changing the friction wheel, in a front view and in a highly stylized representation;

9

a detail of a support arrangement with a section of a drive shaft of the extrusion press, in axial section and in the radial direction spaced arrangement of a support element from the drive shaft, in an enlarged view.

As an introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference numbers or the same component designations, it being possible for the disclosures contained throughout the description to be applied to the same parts with the same reference numbers or the same component designations. The position information selected in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc., is related to the directly described and illustrated figure and these position information are to be transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position.

The term "in particular" is understood below to mean that it can be a possible more specific design or more detailed specification of an object or a method step, but does not necessarily have to represent a mandatory, preferred embodiment of the same or a mandatory procedure.

In the 1 an extrusion press 1 is shown in a highly stylized representation, which is used to produce profiles 2 starting from a deformable extruded material 3 .

This extrusion press machine 1 shown here represents a special form of extrusion press machine 1, which enables continuous production of profiles 2. For example, a continuously fed wire with a diameter between 5 and 30 mm is fed to the extrusion press 1 as extruded material 3 and heated there via a driven friction wheel 4 to up to 500° C. and above, depending on the material to be formed. The then doughy material is pressed through a die arranged immediately after the friction wheel 4, with the shaping process taking place in this section. This continuous process is primarily used for profiles 2 of small and medium-sized dimensions. A wide variety of materials such as aluminium, copper, non-ferrous metals or their alloys can be formed. The forming process that can be carried out continuously over a longer period of time with this extrusion press machine 1 and the fact that a single, relatively small and simply constructed extrusion press machine 1 is required for this enables costs to be reduced compared to conventional extrusion press machines.

The extrusion press machine 1 can in principle comprise a base frame 5 and a tool holding device 6 which is pivotably or rotatably mounted on a pivot axis 7 held on the base frame 5 . The pivoting movement is illustrated in simplified form with a double arrow in the area of the pivot axis 7 . The tool holding device 6 can thus be pivoted between a working position and a release position as required. For the sake of clarity, pivot drives or adjusting mechanisms have not been shown, it being mentioned that all devices or elements known from the prior art can be used here.

Furthermore, the tool holding device 6 is arranged downstream of the friction wheel 4 as viewed in the direction of passage of the profile 2 to be produced. So here the working position is indicated in solid lines and the release position is simplified in dashed lines.

The friction wheel 4 can be rotated about a drive axis 8 in a known manner and is also drive-connected to a drive device 9, indicated only schematically. In the present exemplary embodiment, the drive axle 8 is formed by a drive shaft 44, which is in particular designed to be continuous, and represents a component of a drive unit 45. The drive unit 45 is also in FIG 6 shown and described with the schematically simplified base frame 5 and other machine components. Furthermore, the at least one provided friction wheel 4 also has at least one circumferential groove. Furthermore, at least one pressure roller 10 can be assigned to the friction wheel or wheels 4, with which the extruded material 3 entering the extrusion press machine 1 and to be formed is pressed in the radial direction against the friction wheel or wheels 4.

The extrusion press machine 1 also includes a locking device 11 which, for example, is likewise pivotably mounted on the base frame 5 . The locking device 11 serves to keep the tool holding device 6 positioned relative to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, during its working position and during operation. A double arrow entered in the area of the locking device 11 schematically represents the possibility of shifting the locking device 11.

In the 1 the locking position for the tool holding device 6 is shown in solid lines. The representation of their storage on the base frame 5 and the necessary adjustment mechanisms have also been omitted for the sake of clarity. For example, the locking device 11 can be formed by an approximately U-shaped holding frame, in which the two holding arms are mounted pivotably on the side of the base frame 5 . A base arm connecting the two holding arms on the outside encompasses, for example, the tool holding device 6 in the locking position and prevents the tool holding device 6 from pivoting away from its working position. Furthermore, at least one is mostly on the tool holding device 6, which is only indicated schematically here Tool unit 12 supported, with a possible design and support of the tool unit 12 is described in more detail in one of the following figures.

In a known manner, a gap is formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 when the extrusion press machine 1 is in operation and thus when the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, in order to avoid collisions and the associated mechanical damage.

Since the width of the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 depends on the temperature of the system parts on the one hand and signs of wear on the tool unit 12 on the other, a fairly exact and, above all, readjustable setting of the gap width of the gap can be an independent one in the present invention represent aspect. Thus, maintaining and setting the gap width can represent an independent task of the invention and, in a corresponding manner, can also represent an independent solution independently of the other system parts and process steps described here.

In this exemplary embodiment shown here, in addition to the locking device 11 on the base frame 5 , a separate adjusting device 14 is arranged in an end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 which is at a distance from the pivot axis 7 and is opposite the drive axis 8 of the friction wheel 4 . The adjusting device 14 has an adjusting element 15 designed to be adjustable relative to the base frame 5 . The actuating element 15 in turn has a positioning surface 16 facing the end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 and a guide surface 17 facing away from the tool holding device 6 .

As can be seen from the schematic representation of the actuating element 15, the actuating surface 16 and the guide surface 17 are aligned in a wedge-shaped manner relative to one another. The guide surface 17 is supported on a section of the base frame 5 which is not designated in any more detail and is designed in particular as a sliding surface. The adjusting element 15 is also connected to an unspecified adjusting mechanism and can be adjusted relative to the base frame 5 in the direction of a double arrow shown schematically.

The guide surface 17 and the section of the base frame 5 designed as a sliding surface are oriented in the vertical or perpendicular direction here. The tapering wedge shape is aligned in the direction of a contact surface of the extrusion press machine 1 and thus also in the direction of the pivot axis 7 arranged near the ground. The inclined running surface 16 thus runs from top left to bottom right, as can be seen from the side view of the extrusion press machine 1 can.

The tool holding device 6 has a support surface 18 on its end region 13 spaced apart from the pivot axis 7 and on a first side facing the friction wheel 4 . When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the support surface 18 arranged or formed on the tool holding device 6 is supported on the positioning surface 16 of the actuating element 15 .

The locking device 11 described above also has at least one pressure unit 19 with at least one pressure element 20 . When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the pressure element 20 is also arranged on the end region 13 spaced from the pivot axis 7 , but is in contact with the tool holding device 6 on a second side facing away from the friction wheel 4 . Furthermore, the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 is pressed against the positioning surface 16 of the actuating element 15 by means of the pressure unit 19 . Since the adjusting element 15 is also supported with its guide surface 17 on the base frame 5, when the adjusting element 15 is displaced relative to the base frame 5 by means of the adjusting device 14, the tool holding device 6 can be rotated about its pivot axis 7 due to the wedge-shaped, in particular acute-angled, positioning surface 16 and guide surface 17 can be adjusted, in particular pivoted. Since the tool holding device 6 corresponds in the broadest sense to a lever or a lever arrangement, the gap formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 can also be changed in its gap width as a result of the adjustment of the actuating element. The determination and setting of the gap width will be described in more detail below.

Furthermore, in the area of the locking device 11 it is shown in a simplified manner that the pressure element 20 of the pressure unit 19 is accommodated in a pressure chamber 21 at least in some areas and is acted upon by a pressure medium which is indicated in simplified form by dashes and is located in the pressure chamber 21 . The pressure medium can be liquid or gaseous, with a virtually incompressible liquid, such as hydraulic oil, having turned out to be favorable, particularly at high pressures. The pressure element 20 can be designed, for example, as a double-acting piston with a piston rod of a cylinder-piston arrangement, with which the pressure element 20 is then pressed against the second side of the tool holding device 6 facing away from the support surface 18 when it is pressurized accordingly.

By this pressing of the end region 13 with its support surface 18 against the actuating element 15, an exactly defined position of the tool unit 12 accommodated in the tool holding device 6 and held there in relation to the friction wheel 4 is achieved due to the mounting of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7. The corresponding adjustment movement of the adjustment device 14 with its surfaces aligned in a wedge-shaped manner, namely the adjustment surface 16 and the guide surface 17 , results in an associated displacement of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7 .

If the adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14 is adjusted, not only is the position of the tool holding device 6 relative to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, shifted, but there is also a change in volume of the pressure medium accommodated in the pressure chamber, as a result of which the pressure element 20 in its relative position with respect to the printing unit 19 is adjusted. In order to enable this equalization in the pressure system, pressure relief valves can be used to avoid a rigid system and to enable the pressure element 20 to be adjusted. The compressive force built up by the pressure unit 19 remains unchanged within certain limits and thus keeps the tool holding device 6 together with the tool unit 12 held therein in the working position.

Depending on whether there is a relative displacement of the pressure element 20 in the direction of the friction wheel 4 or in the opposite direction, the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 21 is automatically compensated Direction to the friction wheel 4 as can also be pivoted in a direction opposite thereto. The constant holding and locking of the tool holding device 6 in its end region 13 is maintained unchanged by the locking device 11 and there is always a snug fit of the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 on the positioning surface 16 of the actuating element 15. The actuating element 15 is, as already described above , On its guide surface 17 further supported on the base frame 5 preferably sliding and optionally out.

Furthermore, it is also shown here that a receiving chamber 22 is formed or arranged in the tool holding device 6 . The outlines of the receiving chamber 22 are shown only in simplified form, with the tool unit 12 being received in it. In order to support the tool unit 12, the receiving chamber 22 has at least two first and second positioning surfaces 23, 24 which are aligned at an angle, in particular at right angles, with respect to one another and on which the tool unit 12 is supported. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the first positioning surface 23 is arranged on the side of the tool unit 12 facing away from the friction wheel 4 in the exemplary embodiment shown here. It is also shown that the receiving chamber 22 is designed to be open in the direction of the friction wheel 4 . Thus, in the working position of the tool holding device 6, the first positioning surface 23 can be aligned approximately vertically and in the perpendicular direction with respect to the direction of passage of the profile 2.

In the 2 the extrusion press machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6, although this can optionally represent an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the previous section are used for the same parts 1 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the previous one 1 pointed out or referred to. The basic structure can be analogous to what has already been described above.

In the exit area of the profile 2 from the tool unit 12 , this is supported on the tool holding device 6 with the interposition of a first sensor unit 25 , in particular a force measuring sensor or several force measuring sensors, resting on the first positioning surface 23 . The first sensor unit 25 can, for example, consist of pressure sensors, quartz sensors, Be formed load cells or the like. A plurality of sensors 26 are preferably used to form the first sensor unit 25 in order to achieve uniform and mostly symmetrical support of the tool unit 12 on the tool holding device 6 in the area of its first positioning surface 23 . Four pieces of sensors 26 can preferably be provided.

Furthermore, it is also possible for a separate temperature control element 27 to be arranged or formed between the tool unit 12 and the tool holding device 6 . The temperature control element 27 can, for example, be designed as a separate cooling plate and is used to minimize or prevent a direct transfer of heat from the tool unit 12 to the first sensor unit 25. The temperature control element 27 can also represent or form a component or a structural unit of the tool unit 12 . For the sake of clarity, the supply lines for transporting the temperature control medium, in particular a cooling medium, or the like have not been shown.

The sensor unit 25 with its sensors 26 is also communicatively connected to a control and/or regulating device 36 . This can be done by means of lines or also wirelessly. A line connection between the sensors 26 and the control and/or regulating device 36 is indicated in simplified form.

Using the first sensor unit 25, the forming force that occurs under normal operating conditions can be determined by determining a minimum first distance and converting it to the compressive forces that occur in the process. The usual operating conditions are operating parameters specified by the machine manufacturer, under which the forming force that occurs is determined. The forming force can be dependent on the extruded material 3 supplied and provided for forming and on the profile 2 formed therefrom.

Under normal operating conditions, for example, the revolutions of the friction wheel 4 per unit of time, the formed mass of extruded material 3 per unit of time and other machine indicators or operating parameters are considered, which are previously determined by the machine manufacturer and specified for the respective machine type within certain limits with a lower limit value and an upper limit value have been. Within these limits is the extrusion press machine 1 in a normal operating state. If, for example, a deviation in the determined forming force above the upper limit value has been determined, this can lead to an overloading of the extrusion press machine 1 and subsequently to damage to the same.

Overloading and an associated increase in the pressure forces occurring could occur, for example, with an increase in the number of revolutions of the friction wheel 4 per unit of time and/or an associated increased mass throughput of material to be formed per unit of time. In order to avoid overloading the extrusion press machine 1 and subsequent damage to the same, the revolutions of the friction wheel 4 per unit of time or other operating parameters can be reduced by means of a machine control (not shown in detail). By determining and establishing the formed forming force, this can be stored in a memory and subsequently provide the machine manufacturer or another operator with clear and unambiguous evidence of machine overload. This is particularly the case when it comes to proving repairs and the cause of damage.

In the 3 the extrusion press machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6, which in turn can optionally represent an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding sections are used for the same parts 1 and 2 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing 1 and 2 pointed out or referred to.

The material to be formed, especially if it is pure copper or a copper alloy, is basically produced without oxygen. During the usual forming process, the heated material absorbs oxygen from the ambient air, in particular in or under the outer skin or outer layer of the profile 2 produced.

In order to minimize or completely prevent the ingress of ambient air, in particular oxygen, to the heated material or material to be formed, a shielding unit 28 is indicated here in the working area of the friction wheel 4 in simplified form. This is intended to minimize or completely prevent oxidation or oxygen uptake.

The shielding unit 28 usually comprises a number of structural components and extends over a partial peripheral section 29 of the friction wheel 4 , at which at least part of the heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed begins and is continued up to a stripping area 30 . The stripping area 30 is located in the tool unit 12, with the deflection and stripping of the heated material taking place in a known manner from a part of the tool unit 12, in the present exemplary embodiment from a stripping element 31. The access of ambient air should also be minimized or completely prevented in the stripping area 30 of the heated extruded material 3 to be shaped.

It is provided here in the shielding unit 28 that an atmosphere is created within the previously described area in which the material is already in a heated state, which prevents oxidation or oxygen absorption.

For this purpose, a gas free of gaseous oxygen can be supplied by means of one or more first nozzles 32, which are preferably arranged or formed in the region of the tool holding device 6, in particular in the vicinity of its receiving chamber 22. This gas can also be an inert gas and can be formed, for example, by nitrogen and/or noble gases. The noble gases include e.g. helium, neon and argon. However, protective gases such as those used in welding technology would also be possible. For the sake of better clarity, the supply line, shut-off devices or the like have not been shown. The first nozzle 32 or the first nozzles 32 is/are facing the peripheral section 29 of the friction wheel 4 and is/are located above the stripping element 31. It would also be possible to have the first nozzle 32 or the first nozzles 32 in or on the tool unit 12 to arrange or train.

In order to also prevent ambient air from entering from the underside and the area below the stripping element 31, one or more second nozzles 33 can also be arranged or formed in this area. The second nozzle 33 or the second nozzles 33 is/are, as seen in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel 4, arranged following the partial peripheral section 29 of the friction wheel 4 and can also face this. The second nozzles 33 is/are preferably arranged or formed below the stripping element 31 . It would also be possible in turn to position the second nozzle 33 or the second nozzles 33 in or to be arranged or formed on the tool unit 12 . The nozzles 32, 33 are preferably supplied with the same gas and can form the low-oxygen or oxygen-free atmosphere in the heated area of the extruded material 3 to be shaped with the outflowing gas.

In addition, it can also be provided that the shielding unit 28 in the first contact area of the extruded material 3 and thus in the feed area of the same to the friction wheel 4 comprises a shut-off flap 34 arranged there. In this way, on the one hand, the inflow of ambient air into the area to be shielded can be prevented and, on the other hand, a certain barrier against the outflow of the supplied gas can be created. In this way, the machine room surrounding the heated material within the extrusion press machine 1 can be shielded against the unintentional ingress of ambient air. The supplied gas, which can also be referred to as protective gas, is preferably supplied into this shielding area at a pressure that is slightly higher than the ambient pressure, in order to ensure that the supplied gas flows away.

It is also shown that an ingress of ambient air to the second nozzle 33 or nozzles 33 located below the scraper element 31 can also be minimized or prevented entirely with a gas curtain flowing out or formed by a further nozzle arrangement 35 . The gas that is fed in and flows out here can also be a gas that has already been described above and is free of gaseous oxygen. However, a different gas could also be used. Depending on the outflow direction, ambient air could also be used.

It should be mentioned that the nozzle or nozzles 32, 33 and/or the further nozzle arrangement 35 have only been indicated schematically. These are in fluid communication with a supply unit (not shown) or a storage unit via a line connection.

The extrusion press machine 1 basically comprises a plurality of tool components, of which, for example, a first tool component can form the friction wheel 4 and a second tool component can form the tool unit 12 .

In the 4 the extrusion press machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 with the stripping element 31 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6, whereby this in turn can optionally represent an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding sections are used for the same parts Figures 1 to 3 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing Figures 1 to 3 pointed out or referred to.

The extrusion press machine 1 comprises at least the base frame 5 with the tool holding device 6, which is mounted so that it can pivot about the pivot axis 7. The friction wheel 4 is used for friction-based heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed of the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4 to keep positioned.

The setting, adjustment and/or readjustment of a gap width of a gap between a first tool component and at least one further tool component is described in the following method steps for such an extrusion press machine 1 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the first tool component is formed by the friction wheel 4 and the second or further tool component by the tool unit 12 accommodated in a tool holding device 6 and held in a position in the tool holding device 6 with at least the stripping element 31 facing the friction wheel 4. For this reason, specific reference is made to these designations below.

First, a first distance value between the friction wheel 4 and a distance measuring device 37 is determined or previously defined geometrically. This one is with "a" in the 4 registered. The first distance value is or will be deposited or stored in the control and/or regulating device 36 . The tool unit 12 is then approached and fed to the friction wheel 4, which is still stationary, until the stripping element 31 comes to rest on the friction wheel 4, in particular in the bottom of the groove. A first adjustment path is also stored in the control and/or regulating device 36, the value of which corresponds to a basic gap width to be set.

The tool unit 12 resting on the friction wheel 4 is then moved away by the first adjustment path stored in the control and/or regulating device 36, with the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 then being formed with the basic gap width. If this has been done correctly, the extrusion press machine 1 can be put into operation and the process of forming the extruded material 3 into the profile 2 can be carried out. Due to the forming process and the resulting frictional heat, temperature-related dimensional changes occur in components of the extrusion press machine 1, in particular the friction wheel 4.

The distance measuring device 37 is used to continually determine and establish further distance values between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37. Due to the increase in temperature of the friction wheel 4, its diameter becomes larger than in its "cold" initial state. A distance difference value can thus be formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. Based on these values, an actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 can be calculated. The distance difference value is subtracted from the value of the basic gap width, which value corresponds to that of the first adjustment path, and the actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12, in particular its stripping element 31, is calculated.

Furthermore, a value range with a lower target value for the gap width and an upper target value for the gap width can be or is stored in the control and/or regulating device 36 . Based on the calculated actual value of the gap width, it is now checked whether the calculated actual value is within the limits of the lower setpoint and the upper setpoint of the value range. If the gap width falls below the lower target value, the tool unit 12 must be moved away by a correction value stored in the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device 36 to the side or direction facing away from the friction wheel 4 . If the upper target value of the gap width is exceeded, the tool unit 12 must be moved in or out in the direction of the friction wheel 4 .

The tool holding device 6 together with the tool unit 12 can be adjusted away or adjusted by means of the adjusting device 14 described above in cooperation with the locking device 11 and the pressure unit 19 . These adjustment movements can also be referred to as tracking steps. This adjustment movement and readjustment can take place during operation under full load. This has the advantage that the machine does not have to be shut down, but that the gap width can be changed directly and immediately. This can be done with the above-described adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14 embodied as an adjusting wedge.

The determination of the first distance value is to be carried out in the so-called "cold state" of the friction wheel 4, in particular when the same is at an initial temperature in a temperature range between 10.degree. C. and 40.degree.

Based on the distance measurement carried out, a change in the diameter of the friction wheel 4 can also be calculated and determined. In principle, the geometry, in particular the diameter or diameters, of the friction wheel 4, which serve as a measuring surface for determining the distance, is known from the design and manufacture. In this way, the actual value of the gap width between the two tool components can also be determined in an analogous manner via the thermal increase in the diameter dimension.

Since different profile geometries can be produced depending on the tool unit 12 used in each case, all tool units 12 used in the present extrusion press machine 1, in particular in its tool holding device 6, are each in their longitudinal extent, starting from the stripping element 31 up to a direction in the passage of the profile 2 produced tool end surface 38 arranged at a distance therefrom is formed with a longitudinal dimension equal to one another. The tool end surface 38 is located on the side facing away from the friction wheel 4 and is supported on the tool holding device 6 in the region of the first positioning surface 23 , possibly with the interposition of the sensor unit 25 , not shown in detail here.

Based on this training, the respective relative angular position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the physical pivot axis 7 and/or with respect to the base frame 5 can be determined and established. However, the respective relative angular position between the physical pivot axis 7 and the base frame 5 could also be determined when the physical pivot axis 7 is firmly connected to the tool holding device 6 .

For example, a basic angular position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the base frame 5 can be determined when the tool unit 12, in particular its stripping element 31, is in contact with the friction wheel 4 and stored in the control and/or regulating device 36. If the above-described basic gap width has been set, at which the tool holding device 6 is moved away from the friction wheel 4 , a target angular position of the tool holding device 6 can be determined and stored in the control and/or regulating device 36 .

In order to be able to determine the correct position of a changed tool unit 12 in the receiving chamber 22 even before it is put into operation and/or before the basic gap width is set, the basic angular position described above and stored can be used. For example, if an object is located between the first positioning surface 23 and the tool end surface 38 of the tool unit 12, it will project further towards the friction wheel 4 than if the object were not present.

After a tool change has been carried out and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, is correctly positioned and the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel 4, is at a standstill, the tool holding device 6 together with the tool unit 12 can be pivoted from its release position towards the working position for as long as until the relative basic angular position between the tool holding device 6 and the base frame 5 or the fixed pivot axis 7 is reached and the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, is brought into contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel 4.

If, on the other hand, the object described above is located between the tool unit 12 and the tool holding device 6, when the second tool component, in particular the tool unit 12, is in contact with the first tool component, in particular the friction wheel 4, before the relative basic angular position between the tool holding device 6 and the Base frame (5) or the fixed pivot axis 7, an error handling routine can be started by the control and regulating device 36. In this way, the machine operator can be signaled before the machine is put into operation that the positioning is not correct and that the relative position of the tool unit 12 in the receiving chamber 22 must be checked and corrected if necessary. Damage to the extrusion press machine 1 can thus be avoided.

The distance measuring device 37, which can be formed by a wide variety of sensors or measuring means, and the sensor or sensors 39 can together form a further sensor unit.

In the figure 5 the extrusion press machine 1 is shown in simplified form with the tool unit 12 with the stripping element 31 accommodated and supported in the tool holding device 6, whereby this in turn can optionally represent an independent design. Again, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding sections are used for the same parts Figures 1 to 4 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing Figures 1 to 4 pointed out or referred to.

The extrusion press machine 1 comprises at least the base frame 5 with the tool holding device 6, which is mounted so that it can pivot about the pivot axis 7. The friction wheel 4 is used for friction-based heating of the extruded material 3 to be formed of the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4 to keep positioned.

Furthermore, in such extrusion machines 1 is usually provided that due to the previously described operating gap between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4, a proportion of the extruded material 3 to be formed is not stripped from the friction wheel 4 and from this is taken further. To remove or scrape off this material remaining on the friction wheel 4 , a scraping device 40 is arranged downstream of the tool unit 12 , viewed in the direction of rotation of the friction wheel 4 . The scraper device 40 comprises at least one scraper element 41 that can be adjusted relative to the friction wheel 4 embodied here as the first tool component. The at least one scraper element 41 is also to be positioned with a corresponding gap relative to the friction wheel 4 and to be readjusted during the ongoing forming operation due to thermal changes in length. The scraper element 41 is preferably held or guided in a base housing 42 and can be adjusted in its relative location and position with respect to the first tool component by means of an actuator 43 .

In this exemplary embodiment, the first tool component is formed by the friction wheel 4 and the second or further tool component by the scraping device 40 with the scraper element 41 . For this reason, specific reference is made to these designations below. The illustration of adjusting means for the scraping device 40 and/or the at least one scraper element 41 has been omitted for the sake of better clarity.

First, a first distance value between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37 is determined or previously defined geometrically. This one is with "a" in the figure 5 registered. The first distance value is or will be deposited or stored in the control and/or regulating device 36 . The scraping device 40 and/or the scraper element 41 is then approached and delivered to the friction wheel 4, which is still stationary, until the scraper element 41 comes to rest on the friction wheel 4, in particular in the bottom of the groove. A first adjustment path is also stored in the control and/or regulating device 36, the value of which corresponds to a basic gap width to be set. The distance measuring device 37 is arranged or accommodated here on or in the base housing 42 . It is also possible to use the distance measuring device 37 described and shown here for the previously described in FIG 4 to use the distance measurement described. The same reference number was therefore also used for the distance measuring device 37 .

The scraping device 40 and/or the scraper element 41 that is in contact with the friction wheel 4 is then displaced by the first displacement path stored in the control and/or regulating device 36, in which case the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the scraping device 40 and/or the scraper element 41 is or will be formed with the base gap width. If this has been done correctly, the extrusion press machine 1 can be put into operation and the process of forming the extruded material 3 into the profile 2 can be carried out. Due to the forming process and the resulting frictional heat, temperature-related dimensional changes occur in components of the extrusion press machine 1, in particular the friction wheel 4.

The distance measuring device 37 is used to continually determine and establish further distance values between the friction wheel 4 and the distance measuring device 37. Due to the increase in temperature of the friction wheel 4, its diameter becomes larger than in its "cold" initial state. A distance difference value can thus be formed from the first distance value minus one of the further distance values. Based on these values, an actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the scraper device 40 and/or the scraper element 41 can be calculated. The distance difference value is subtracted from the value of the base gap width, which value corresponds to that of the first adjustment path, and the actual value of a gap width between the friction wheel 4 and the scraper device 40, in particular its scraper element 41, is calculated.

Furthermore, a value range with a lower target value for the gap width and an upper target value for the gap width can be or is stored in the control and/or regulating device 36 . Based on the calculated actual value of the gap width, it is now checked whether the calculated actual value is within the limits of the lower setpoint and the upper setpoint of the value range. If the gap width falls below the lower target value, the tool unit 12 must be moved away by a correction value stored in the open-loop and/or closed-loop control device 36 to the side or direction facing away from the friction wheel 4 . If the upper target value of the gap width is exceeded, the scraper device 40 and/or the scraper element 41 must be adjusted in or out in the direction of the friction wheel 4 . These adjustment movements can also be referred to as tracking steps.

Here, too, the determination of the first distance value should be carried out in the so-called "cold state" of the friction wheel 4, in particular at an initial temperature of the same in a temperature range between 10.degree. C. and 40.degree.

In the 6 the extrusion press machine 1 with its base frame 5 and the drive unit 45 for the friction wheel 4 is shown in a greatly simplified front view. The presentation of the tool holding device 6, the locking device 11 and the tool unit 12 has been omitted for the sake of clarity, the extrusion machine 1 can be designed in the same way as previously in FIGS Figures 1 to 5 has been described. Individual or even all of the machine components described above can also be used in this extrusion press machine 1 .

The drive unit 45 comprises at least the drive device 9, the drive shaft 44, which defines the drive axle 8, and optionally a clutch 46. The at least one friction wheel 4 is drive-connected to the drive device 9. A driver ring 47 can be provided on both sides of the friction wheel 4 , by means of which the drive torque can be transmitted from the drive device 9 to the friction wheel 4 . The drive shaft 44 is rotatably mounted on the base frame 5 by means of a bearing unit 48 comprising a first bearing device 49 and a second bearing device 50 . The bearing devices 49, 50 can include not only their bearing arrangements, but also housings, guide means, fasteners or the like and each represents a separate structural component. The at least one friction wheel 4 can optionally be held on the first bearing device 49 with a driver ring 47 interposed be.

In the present exemplary embodiment it is also provided that a coupling device 51 is provided between the first bearing device 49 and the base frame 5 . The coupling device 51 could also be referred to as a coupling device and serves to detachably couple or couple the entire first bearing device 49 to the base frame 5 . For this purpose, the coupling device 51 can be adjusted from its coupling position into a decoupling position. The representation of actuating means for actuating the coupling device 51, such as cylinders, actuators or the like, has also been omitted for the sake of clarity. The first bearing device 49 is shown in two different positions. In the first position - shown in dashed lines - the coupling position is shown on the base frame 5, in which the drive shaft 44 is mounted on the base frame 5 by means of the first bearing device 49 . The position that is decoupled and moved away from the base frame 5 is shown in dot-dash lines. One option for guided adjustment is described below.

The extrusion press machine 1 also includes at least one cantilever arm 52 which is arranged or configured to extend in a direction parallel to the drive axis 8 . In the present exemplary embodiment, the at least one cantilever arm 52 is arranged in the vertical direction above the drive shaft 44 and at a distance from it. However, the cantilever arm 52 could also be arranged on the bottom side and thus below the drive shaft 44 . The cantilever arm 52 can also be connected to the base frame 5 or attached thereto. The cantilever arm 52 can also be arranged or designed to extend from the base frame 5 to the side facing away from the drive device 9 .

In the arrangement above the drive shaft 44, the first bearing device 49 can be held guided in a hanging arrangement on at least one cantilever arm 52. For this purpose, a guide arrangement 53 can be provided, which is arranged or formed on at least one cantilever arm 52 . Thus, when the coupling device 51 is in the decoupling position, the first bearing device 49 can be adjustably guided on the cantilever arm 52 by means of the guide arrangement 53, as a result of which the entire first bearing device 49 together with the friction wheel 4 and, if applicable, the driver rings 47 can be moved away from the base frame 5. The second bearing device 50, together with the drive shaft 44 mounted on it, remains stationary on the base frame 5 while the friction wheel is being changed 5 are shifted away and are thus deducted from the drive shaft 44.

• Entkoppeln der zwischen der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49 und dem Grundgestell 5 der Strangpressmaschine 1 befindlichen Kopplungsvorrichtung (51) und dabei verstellen von ihrer Kopplungsstellung in ihre Entkopplungsstellung,
• relatives Wegverstellen der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49 mitsamt dem daran gehaltenen Reibrad 4 entlang der an dem zumindest einen Auslegerarm 52 angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Führungsanordnung 53 in paralleler Richtung bezüglich der Antriebsachse 8 der Antriebswelle 44,

• Entfernen des zu wechselnden Reibrades 4 von der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49 und Anordnen eines anderen Reibrades 4 an der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49,
• Zurückverstellen der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49 entlang der am zumindest einen Auslegerarm 52 angeordneten oder ausgebildeten Führungsanordnung 53 hin in Richtung auf das Grundgestell 5;
• Ankoppeln der ersten Lagervorrichtung 49 an das Grundgestell 5 und dabei umstellen der Kopplungsvorrichtung 51 von ihrer Entkopplungsstellung in ihre Kopplungsstellung.

The method for changing the friction wheel 4 can include at least those steps:

• decoupling the coupling device (51) located between the first bearing device 49 and the base frame 5 of the extrusion press machine 1 and thereby adjusting it from its coupling position to its decoupling position,
• relative displacement of the first bearing device 49 together with the held thereon Friction wheel 4 along the guide arrangement 53 arranged or formed on the at least one extension arm 52 in a direction parallel to the drive axis 8 of the drive shaft 44,

• Removing the friction wheel 4 to be changed from the first storage device 49 and arranging another friction wheel 4 on the first storage device 49,
• Moving back the first bearing device 49 along the guide arrangement 53 arranged or formed on the at least one cantilever arm 52 in the direction of the base frame 5;
• Coupling the first bearing device 49 to the base frame 5 and thereby switching the coupling device 51 from its decoupling position to its coupling position.

It should also be pointed out that in the individual figures only individual machine components are shown and described on their own. It is thus possible, for example, to use the sensor unit 25, optionally with the temperature control element 27, also with the shielding unit 28 in a system or extrusion press 1. It could also, for example, the sensor unit 25 optionally with the temperature control element 27 with the distance control according to 4 and/or 5 can be combined. The distance regulation according to the 4 and/or 5 can also be combined with the shielding unit 28 in a system or extrusion press 1. But it could also be based on the in the 1 described basic design of the extrusion machine 1 all previously described system components are used in a system, namely the sensor unit 25 optionally with the temperature control element 27, the shielding unit 28 and the distance control according to 4 and/or 5.

In the 7 is a variant of the in the 6 shown and described extrusion machine 1 described in more detail. The basic structure of the extrusion machine 1 corresponds to that as already described in FIG 6 has been described in detail. Therefore, to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing Figures 1 to 6 noted and referred to. Likewise, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding sections are again used for the same parts Figures 1 to 6 used.

As already in the 6 described as a possible embodiment, the cantilever arm 52 can also be arranged below the drive shaft 44, viewed in the vertical direction, and extends in parallel alignment with respect to the drive axis 8 defined by the drive shaft 44. In this case, the cantilever arm 52 is preferably on an unspecified Supporting area, such as a hall floor or a foundation area specially provided for this purpose, it is supported or supported on this. The cantilever arm 52 can also be connected to the base frame 5 or attached thereto. The cantilever arm 52 can also be arranged or designed to extend from the base frame 5 to the side facing away from the drive device 9 .

The first storage device 49 of the storage unit 48 is then not guided in a hanging position but in a standing position or in a position projecting from the bottom side by means of the guide arrangement 53 on the at least one cantilever arm 52 . In turn, after releasing the coupling device 51 between the first bearing device 49 and the base frame 5, the entire first bearing device 49 together with the friction wheel 4 can be moved away from the drive shaft 44 to such an extent that easy access to the friction wheel 4 is made possible.

In order to transmit the drive torque from the drive shaft 44 to the at least one friction wheel 4, the drive shaft 44 is axially braced against bearing components of the two bearing devices 49 and 50 and the friction wheel 4 located between them. A tensioning device 54 generates a tensile force acting in the axial direction applied to the drive shaft 44 and thus those components mounted or arranged on the drive shaft 44 are biased against one another. In this way, the at least one friction wheel 4 can be held in a preferably clamped position on the drive shaft 44 in a rotationally fixed manner. Furthermore, the previously described carrier ring(s) 47 can also be provided and arranged on one side of the friction wheel 4 or on both sides of the friction wheel 4 .

A support arrangement 55 is provided here to support at least one of the bearing devices 49, 50 on the drive shaft 44 in the axial direction. In this exemplary embodiment, the support arrangement 55 comprises a first support device 56 and a second support device on the opposite sides of the two bearing devices 49, 50 57. With the same drive shaft diameters, the support devices 56, 57 can be of the same design. Each of the support devices 56, 57 includes at least two support elements 58. The support elements 58 are segmented and include or surround the drive shaft 44 on the outside. Furthermore, the support elements 58 are supported in the axial direction on the drive shaft 44 in a form-fitting manner. If two pieces of support elements 58 are provided, they can be designed or referred to as half-shells. By means of the clamping device 54, which can be designed as a hydraulic motor, for example, an axial compressive force is built up by this. Due to the arrangement of the supporting devices 56, 57 on both sides and the clamping device 54 located in the axial direction within the supporting devices 56, 57, an axial tensile force is introduced into the drive shaft 44 during the clamping or clamping process. In this arrangement, the tensioning device 54 is pushed onto the drive shaft 44 and is mounted on it in a longitudinally displaceable manner. In the 9 An enlarged detail of the support assembly 55 on a portion of the driveshaft 44 is shown.

If a friction wheel change is now to be carried out, the compressive force acting from the tensioning device 54 between the two support devices 56, 57 must be removed. Once this has taken place, the support elements 58 of the first support device 56 are to be disengaged from the drive shaft 44 . Subsequently, the entire first bearing device 49 together with the friction wheel 4, optionally the driver ring or rings 47, the tensioning device 54 and the disengaged support elements 58 of the first support device 56 can be moved away from the drive shaft 44. This takes place along the cantilever arm 52 and the previously described guide arrangement 53. The operating position or the coupling position of the first bearing device 49 is shown in dashed lines in order to be able to show the clamping device 54 and the first supporting device 56 on the drive shaft 44 located within it more clearly.

The position of the first bearing device 49 that is decoupled and moved away from the base frame 5 is shown in dot-dash lines, but the friction wheel 4, the driver rings 47, the clamping device 54 and the first support device 56 are shown in solid lines. The support members 58 of the first support device 56 are shown in a spaced apart position. The displacement away from the drive axle 8 can take place, for example, by means of a pivoting process or a sliding movement taking place in the radial direction.

The two-sided arrangement of both the first support device 56 and the second support device 57 can also be used in the case of FIG 6 described extrusion machine 1 are used with the suspended arrangement of the first bearing device 49 on the cantilever arm 52.

In the 8 is a variant of the in the 6 and 7 shown and described extrusion machine 1 described in more detail. The basic structure of the extrusion machine 1 corresponds to that as already described in the 6 and 7 has been described in detail. Therefore, to avoid unnecessary repetition, reference is made to the detailed description in the foregoing Figures 1 to 7 noted and referred to. Likewise, the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding sections are again used for the same parts Figures 1 to 7 used.

In the embodiment variant of the extrusion press machine 1 described here, it is provided that, in contrast to the embodiment variants described above, the drive shaft 44 is pulled out of the second bearing device 50 in the axial direction on the side facing away from the drive device 9 such that the friction wheel 4 and the or the driver rings 47 are no longer on the drive shaft 44.

To axially support the clamping force built up by tensioning device 54 to hold friction wheel 4 on drive shaft 44 , a support device 56 is provided here only in the area of second bearing device 50 on the side of second bearing device 50 facing away from friction wheel 4 . The clamping device 54 is arranged on the side of the first bearing device 49 facing away from the second bearing device 50 on the drive shaft 44 and is held fixed directly on this in the axial direction. This can be done e.g. by means of a positive-locking thread arrangement.

In order to be able to move the drive shaft 44 in the axial direction for changing the friction wheel relative to the base frame 5 and the bearing devices 49, 50, the clamping force built up by the clamping device 54 must be removed. The coupling connection of the drive shaft 44 in the area of the coupling 46 is then to be released. The coupling connection can be made, for example, by means of multiple splines or the like. Next are to spend the support elements 58 of the support device 56 out of engagement with the drive shaft 44. The decoupled drive shaft 44 can then be moved out of the second bearing device 50 in the axial direction, in particular pulled out, if necessary together with the tensioning device 54 , and the friction wheel 4 can be released from its bearing seat on the drive shaft 44 . The friction wheel 4 and the driver ring or rings 47 remain between the two bearing devices 49, 50 until the drive shaft 44 releases them and can be removed from the extrusion press machine 1 to change the friction wheel. For longitudinal adjustment of the drive shaft 44 and possible support can in turn previously in the 7 described cantilever arm 52 together with the guide arrangement 53 are used, which can be arranged on the ground side or else in the vertical direction above the drive axle 8 .

It is also shown that the drive shaft 44 is held on an auxiliary carriage 59 during its axial longitudinal adjustment along the guide arrangement 53 of the cantilever arm 52 . The auxiliary carriage 59 is guided on the guide arrangement 53, the drive shaft 44 together with the auxiliary carriage 59 being able to be displaced relative to the stationary first bearing device 49 or the base frame 5. Again, it would also be possible to arrange the cantilever arm 52 in the vertical direction above the drive axle 8 .

In the 9 a possible embodiment of one of the support elements 58 of the support devices 56, 57 is shown in axial section and on an enlarged scale. The one support element 58 is also spaced apart from the drive shaft 44 in the radial direction and is therefore shown disengaged from it. The position of engagement between the support element 58 and the drive shaft 44 is indicated in dashed lines.

The mutual support between the support elements 58 and the drive shaft 44 in the axial direction takes place by means of a form-fitting holding connection. For this purpose, a plurality of groove-shaped first depressions 60 are provided in the drive shaft 44 one behind the other and spaced apart from one another in the axial direction, between which first support flanges 61 are formed in each case. The number of load-transmitting first support flanges 61 is to be selected depending on the axial force to be supported. The groove-shaped depressions 60 can be formed in the drive shaft 44 by means of so-called recesses, for example.

The support elements 58 are each provided on their inner surfaces facing the drive shaft 44 with oppositely formed groove-shaped second depressions 62 and each between these formed second support flanges 63 . The second support flanges 63 engage with almost no play in the first groove-shaped depressions 60 and vice versa.

Furthermore, it can also be seen that the support elements 58, viewed in axial section starting from the force application side—according to arrow “F”—have a conically or conically tapering cross section. It is thus achieved that between the first and second support flanges 61, 63 which are in engagement in each case, a uniformly distributed introduction of force or force transmission can be achieved over the entire number of these. In a thread arrangement, usually only the first thread turns are load-transmitting, which leads to overloading and damage to the thread turns.

The exemplary embodiments show possible variants, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated variants of the same, but rather that various combinations of the individual variants are also possible with one another and that this possibility of variation is based on the teaching on technical action through the present invention in skills of the specialist working in this technical field.

The scope of protection is determined by the claims. However, the description and drawings should be used to interpret the claims. Individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can represent independent inventive solutions. The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the present description should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges, e.g. the information 1 to 10 should be understood to mean that all sub-ranges, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are also included , ie all sections begin with a lower one Limit of 1 or greater and ending at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

Finally, for the sake of clarity, it should be pointed out that some elements are shown not to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced in size for a better understanding of the structure. <b>List of Reference Signs</b> 1 extrusion machine 31 scraper element 2 profile 32 first nozzle 3 extrusion 33 second nozzle 4 friction wheel 34 butterfly valve 5 base frame 35 further nozzle arrangement 6 tool holder 36 Control and/or regulating device 7 pivot axis 37 distance measuring device 8th drive axle 38 tool end face 9 drive device 39 sensor 10 pressure roller 40 scraping device 11 locking device 41 scraper element 12 tool unit 42 base case 13 end area 43 actuator 14 actuator 44 drive shaft 15 actuator 45 drive unit 16 footprint 46 coupling 17 guide surface 47 driving ring 18 support surface 48 storage unit 19 pressure unit 49 first storage device 20 pressure element 50 second storage device 21 pressure chamber 51 coupling device 22 recording chamber 52 boom arm 23 first positioning surface 53 guide arrangement 24 second positioning surface 54 clamping device 25 first sensor unit 55 support arrangement 26 sensor 56 first support device 27 tempering element 57 second support device 28 shielding unit 58 support element 29 perimeter section 59 auxiliary slide 30 wiping area 60 first deepening 61 first support flange 62 second deepening 63 second support flange

Claims (5)

Extrusion machine (1) for the continuous production of profiles (2) from a deformable extruded material (3), comprising - a base frame (5), - at least one friction wheel (4) rotatable about a drive axis (8), which friction wheel (4) is provided with at least one circumferential groove and is drive-connected to a drive device (9), - a tool holding device (6) which is mounted on a pivot axis (7) held on the base frame (5) and can be pivoted about the pivot axis (7) between a working position and a release position, the tool holding device (6) being in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced ( 2) seen, the friction wheel (4) is downstream, - a locking device (11), which locking device (11) in its locking position keeps the tool holding device (6) locked in its working position with respect to the base frame (5), - at least one tool unit (12), which tool unit (12) is supported on the tool holding device (6), in particular in a receiving chamber (22) arranged in the tool holding device (6), and at least one stripping region ( 30) contains or forms at least one stripping element (31) for the extruded material (3) to be shaped from the friction wheel (4), in particular according to one of the preceding claims, characterized, - that the tool unit (12) is supported on its side facing away from the friction wheel (4) with the interposition of a first sensor unit (25) on the tool holding device (6), in particular on a first positioning surface (23) of the receiving chamber (22). Extrusion machine (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first sensor unit (25) comprises a plurality of, in particular four, sensors (26) which are arranged in a peripheral edge region of the tool unit (12). Extrusion machine (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first sensor unit (25) is communicatively connected to a control and/or regulating device (36). Extrusion machine (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least one temperature control element (27) is provided, which at least one temperature control element (27) is accommodated in the receiving chamber (22) and the sensor unit (25) points in the direction of the Friction wheel (4) is arranged upstream, wherein the at least one temperature control element (27) is designed to dissipate heat from the tool unit (12). Extrusion machine (1) according to Claim 4, characterized in that the at least one temperature control element (27) forms part of the tool unit (12).

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