EP4149769A2 - Verfahren zum herstellen eines mehrschichtkörpers sowie ein mehrschichtkörper - Google Patents
Verfahren zum herstellen eines mehrschichtkörpers sowie ein mehrschichtkörperInfo
- Publication number
- EP4149769A2 EP4149769A2 EP21724202.3A EP21724202A EP4149769A2 EP 4149769 A2 EP4149769 A2 EP 4149769A2 EP 21724202 A EP21724202 A EP 21724202A EP 4149769 A2 EP4149769 A2 EP 4149769A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- photoresist
- microlenses
- grid
- structured
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/43—Marking by removal of material
- B42D25/435—Marking by removal of material using electromagnetic radiation, e.g. laser
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
- B42D25/342—Moiré effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/405—Marking
- B42D25/425—Marking by deformation, e.g. embossing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a multi-layer body and a multi-layer body.
- the invention is now based on the object of providing a method for producing an improved multi-layer body and an improved multi-layer body which gives an improved, optically variable impression.
- This object is further achieved by a method for producing a multilayer body, in particular a multilayer security element for securing security documents, the method as follows
- Steps, which are carried out in the following order in particular, include:
- This object is also achieved by a method for producing a multilayer body, in particular a multilayer security element for securing security documents, the
- the method comprises the following steps, which are carried out in the following order in particular:
- first replication lacquer layer Application of a first replication lacquer layer to the carrier layer; Molding of a multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid shape in the first replication lacquer layer; Applying a second replication lacquer layer to the side of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid pattern;
- a multi-layer body in particular a multi-layer security element for securing security documents, with a carrier layer and a first replication lacquer layer applied to the carrier layer, in which a multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid is molded, and with one of the multiplicity of grid-like lenses arranged microlenses opposite side of the carrier layer arranged plurality of grid-shaped arranged microimages, in particular wherein the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microimages is registered to the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses.
- a multilayer body is preferably produced by one of the above methods, in particular by a method according to one of Claims 1 to 37.
- Microphotographs is obtained, which in cooperation with the microlenses produce a concise movement and / or depth effect.
- a multilayer body is obtained, of which, in particular, multicolored microimages have a very high resolution, which in cooperation with the microlenses, which have a very small focal length for overall thickness reduction, produce an appealing optical effect.
- Understood exposure mask which is produced by means of electron beam lithography and / or laser beam lithography and is only temporarily, preferably during an exposure step, arranged on the multilayer body.
- the high-resolution separate mask does not remain in the finished multilayer body.
- the high-resolution separate mask is preferably a separate photo mask, in particular a high-resolution separate photo mask.
- high-resolution is preferably understood to mean that the exposure mask has structures smaller than 10 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m, in particular wherein the structures are designed as areas that are transparent and non-transparent for the respective exposure radiation.
- the exposure mask has a resolution of less than 10 pm, preferably less than 5 pm, more preferably less than 2.5 pm. It is thus possible for the exposure mask to have structures or surface areas with a smallest dimension of less than 10 ⁇ m, preferably less than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably less than 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the smallest dimension can be, for example, the smallest width, length, diameter, height or the like smallest size.
- a plasmonic subwavelength structure is preferably understood here to mean relief structures which are suitable for generating plasmon polaritons, in particular surface plasmons, in cooperation with a metal layer.
- Surface plasmons are, in particular, surface waves in which the longitudinal electronic oscillations are excited parallel to the surface of a metal, the resulting electric field strength in particular being increased in the space above the metallic surface.
- Such plasmonic subwavelength structures are for example
- Linear grating, cross grating or hexagonal grating with a grating period between 150 nm and 400 nm, preferably between 200 nm and 350 nm and more particularly with a grating depth of more than 150 nm, preferably more than 250 nm.
- microimages are preferably understood to mean complete motifs and also incomplete motifs, that is to say fragments of motifs.
- a motif can in particular be selected or a combination of image, symbol, logo, coat of arms, portrait and / or alphanumeric characters.
- Registered or register or register accuracy or register accuracy or register accuracy or register accuracy or register accuracy is to be understood as a positional accuracy of two or more layers relative to one another.
- the register accuracy should move within a specified tolerance and be as low as possible.
- the register accuracy of several elements and / or layers to one another is an important feature in order to increase process reliability.
- the positionally accurate positioning can be detected in particular by means of sensors, preferably optically Registration marks or register marks are made. These registration marks or register marks can either represent special separate elements or areas or layers or can themselves be part of the elements or areas or layers to be positioned.
- the at least one layer to be structured which is applied in step d) and structured in step e) has a first layer
- Photoresist layer comprises or is, which in particular remains in the multilayer body produced.
- the at least one layer to be structured applied in step d) and structured in step e) has one or more, in particular at least two, layers selected from the group: photoresist layer, colored lacquer layer, metal layer.
- the at least one layer to be structured applied in step d) and structured in step e) has one or more, in particular at least two layers selected from the group: at least one first photoresist layer, at least one first colored lacquer layer, at least a second colored lacquer layer, a first metal layer, at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric, a thin-film layer system.
- the at least one structured layer to have at least one photoresist layer and / or at least one colored lacquer layer and / or at least is or comprises a metal layer. It is further possible for the at least one structured layer to have at least one first photoresist layer and / or at least one first colored lacquer layer and / or at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or a first metal layer and / or at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or a Thin film layer system is or has.
- the at least one structured layer has one or more, in particular at least two layers selected from the group: photoresist layer, colored lacquer layer, metal layer and / or that the at least one structured layer has one or more, in particular at least two layers, selected from the group: at least one first photoresist layer, at least one first colored lacquer layer, at least one second colored lacquer layer, a first metal layer, at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric, a thin-film layer system.
- Microimages is formed by at least one structured layer, which is removed in areas such that the plurality of microimages arranged in a grid shape is formed. It is possible here for the at least one structured layer to comprise or is at least one first photoresist layer.
- the at least one first photoresist layer is colored, in particular colored with dyes and / or pigments and / or has fluorescent substances on and / or is transparent. Even more preferably, the at least one first photoresist layer is applied over the entire area, in particular in a layer thickness between 0.5 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m. It is thus possible for the multiplicity of microimages, which are arranged in a grid-like manner, to be formed by the at least one first photoresist layer. It has been shown here that a very thin multilayer body can be produced with it, which at the same time has high-resolution microimages.
- a positive photoresist in particular the solubility of which increases when activated by exposure, or a negative photoresist, in particular the solubility of which decreases when activated by exposure, is preferably used.
- a positive photoresist is distinguished by the fact that this photoresist becomes soluble in a certain solvent, for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions, in the exposed areas when there is sufficient exposure to a suitable wavelength, for example by means of UV radiation.
- a suitable wavelength for example by means of UV radiation.
- by exposure using the high-resolution separate mask it is consequently possible to preferably achieve colored areas of defined shape and size, which preferably form the multiplicity of microimages arranged in a grid-like manner.
- a positive photoresist preferably comprises, for example, condensation polymer made from m- and p-cresol and formaldehyde (novolak resin), diazonaphthoquinone derivative (DNQ) and a solvent or solvent mixture, such as 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate.
- a negative photoresist in particular, is characterized by the fact that this lacquer cures with sufficient exposure to a suitable wavelength, for example by means of UV radiation, and thus becomes insoluble in a certain solvent, for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions, in the exposed areas .
- a suitable wavelength for example by means of UV radiation
- a certain solvent for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions
- a negative photoresist is preferably based on epoxy resins and has low molecular weight organic compounds which in particular have more than one epoxy group per molecule. Furthermore, epoxy resins based on bisphenol-A and / or epoxidized phenol novolak and / or resorcinol diglycidyl are preferably used to produce negative photoresists.
- the at least one layer can be structured applied in step d) and structured in step e) to comprise at least one first colored lacquer layer, which is in particular applied over the entire area to the at least one first photoresist layer. It is also possible here for the at least one first colored lacquer layer to be structured in register with the at least one first photoresist layer in step e). In other words, it is possible that at least one structured layer further comprises at least one first colored lacquer layer, which is applied in particular to the side of the at least one first photoresist layer facing away from the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid pattern on the at least one first Photoresist layer is applied and is structured in register with the at least one first photoresist layer.
- a colored lacquer layer is preferably understood here to mean a functional layer which, in particular, creates a color impression that can be perceived by a viewer.
- color is preferably understood to mean a coloring which, with regard to transparency and / or clarity or scattering power, is preferably colored as crystal-clear or transparent, or colored in a scattering transparent manner, or also colored in an opaque manner.
- the color preferably occurs as the intrinsic color of a material and / or is arranged as an additional colored layer in front of a layer in the viewing direction, the colored appearance of the layer underneath being modified in particular for an observer.
- the color here preferably appears optically constant or invariable in its hue and / or its color saturation and / or in its transparency under almost all, in particular under all, viewing and / or illumination angles. It is also possible for the color itself to be optically variable, in particular the hue and / or the color saturation and / or the transparency of the color changing when the viewing and / or lighting angle changes.
- Dyes and / or pigments are preferably suitable as coloring substances for colored lacquer layers. Pigments are preferably insoluble, in particular practically insoluble, in the medium into which they are integrated.
- Dyes preferably dissolve and in particular lose during their use their crystal and / or particle structure.
- Possible classes of dyes are, in particular, basic dyes, fat-soluble dyes or metal complex dyes.
- Possible classes of pigments are, in particular, organic and inorganic pigments. Pigments are preferably built up from a material present in one piece and / or have complex structures, for example as a layer structure with a multiplicity of layers made of different materials and / or for example as capsules made of different materials, in particular with a core and shell.
- the at least one first colored lacquer layer is preferably a layer which, in contrast to the at least one first photoresist layer itself, cannot be exposed or structured. Further preferably, the at least one first colored lacquer layer is structured in the same step in which the at least one first photoresist layer is structured. In this case, the at least one first is also preferred
- the at least one first colored lacquer layer and the at least one first photoresist layer are structured in register with one another, in particular wherein the at least one first photoresist layer is arranged above the at least one first colored lacquer layer when viewed from the side of the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid shape. Furthermore, this makes it possible in particular, as explained below, to generate multicolored microimages if, for example, the at least one first photoresist layer is colored and, together with the at least one first colored lacquer layer, produces multicolored microimages and / or a mixed color.
- the at least one layer to be structured applied in step d) and structured in step e) has at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or at least one first metal layer and / or at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or comprises or is at least one thin-film layer system, in particular which comprises a partially transparent metal layer, a dielectric spacer layer and an opaque metal layer, which is applied over the entire surface before the application of the at least one first photoresist layer to the side of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid pattern.
- the at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or the at least one first metal layer and / or the at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or the at least one thin film layer system comprises a dielectric spacer layer and an opaque metal layer, with which at least one first photoresist layer is patterned in register.
- the at least one structured layer further at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or at least one first metal layer and / or at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or at least one thin film layer system, in particular which is a partially transparent metal layer, a dielectric spacer layer and comprises, comprises or is an opaque metal layer, which is arranged in particular on the side of the at least one first photoresist layer facing the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid shape or are and are arranged in register with the at least one first photoresist layer and / or are arranged in register with one another.
- the at least one structured layer to have at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or at least one first metal layer and / or at least one layer made of a transparent one
- Dielectric and / or at least one thin film layer system comprises or is, which is or are preferably arranged between the carrier layer and the at least one first photoresist layer and more preferably is or are applied to the carrier layer or is or are arranged on this. It is further possible if these layers are arranged on the side of the carrier layer facing away from the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses and / or, before the application of the at least one first photoresist layer, are applied over the entire surface of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses are.
- the at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or the at least one first metal layer and / or the at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or the at least one thin-film layer system in particular which is a partially transparent metal layer, a dielectric spacer layer and an opaque Comprises metal layer
- the at least one first photoresist layer are structured in register with one another, in particular wherein the at least one first photoresist layer when viewed from the side of the plurality of raster-shaped arranged microlenses below the at least one second colored lacquer layer and / or the at least one first metal layer and / or the at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or the at least one thin-film layer system is arranged.
- the at least one first photoresist layer is preferably removed again.
- the layer thickness of the multilayer body can be further reduced and, in particular, depending on the chemical composition of the at least one first photoresist layer, the chemical and / or physical and / or mechanical stability of the multilayer body can also be increased.
- the at least one first photoresist layer applied in step d) and structured in step e) advantageously contains UV-blocking additives. It is thus possible for the structured at least one first photoresist layer in the multilayer body to further contain UV-blocking additives which in particular absorb light from the ultraviolet wavelength range, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm. More preferably, such UV-blocking additives have no or only very little absorption in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm that is visible to the human eye.
- the UV-blocking additives are advantageously, for example, benzotriazole derivatives, which are used in the corresponding layers in particular with a mass fraction in a range of approx. 3% to 5%.
- Suitable organic UV absorbers are, for example, sold under the trade name Tinuvin ® by BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
- the method further comprises the following steps, which are carried out in particular after step e): Application of at least one second photoresist layer to the at least one first photoresist layer, in particular wherein the at least one second photoresist layer has an exposure principle that is complementary to the at least one first photoresist layer and / or wherein the solubility of the at least one second photoresist layer is different
- Exposure wavelength is changed than in the case of the at least one first photoresist layer
- a complementary exposure principle is understood here to mean, in particular, the use of an exposure principle that counteracts the exposure principle of the at least one first photoresist layer.
- the complementary exposure principle is preferably understood to mean that a positive photoresist, in particular its solubility increases when activated by exposure, to form the at least one first photoresist layer, and a negative photoresist, in particular its solubility decreases when activated by exposure, to form the at least one second photoresist layer, is used or vice versa.
- the at least one photoresist layer and the at least one second photoresist layer are arranged in exact register with one another, in particular since the already structured at least one first photoresist layer acts as a mask for the UV-blocking additives Structuring of the at least one second photoresist layer is used. If, for example, the at least one first and the at least one second photoresist layer are colored with different colors, these are then precisely registered with one another.
- the multilayer body further comprise at least one second photoresist layer, in particular wherein the at least one second photoresist layer has an exposure principle that is complementary to the at least one first photoresist layer and / or wherein the solubility of the at least one second photoresist layer is different
- Exposure wavelength can be changed than in the case of the at least one first photoresist layer, and wherein the at least one second photoresist layer is arranged in perfect register next to the at least one first photoresist layer.
- the at least one third photoresist layer is then preferably removed again.
- the photoresist layers, in particular the at least one first and / or second and third photoresist layer are resist layers, in particular photoresist layers.
- the exposure source is preferably a UV lamp or UV LED, for example.
- the multilayer body further comprises at least one second metal layer and / or at least one third photoresist layer, which is applied in particular to the at least one first photoresist layer on the side of the at least one first photoresist layer facing away from the plurality of grid-shaped microlenses, and wherein the at least one second metal layer and / or the at least one third photoresist layer is arranged in register with the at least one first and / or third photoresist layer.
- the at least one second metal layer and / or the at least one first and / or third photoresist layer are structured with one another in perfect register, in particular since the already structured at least one first photoresist layer acts as a mask for structuring the at least one due to the UV-blocking additives a third photoresist layer is used. It is further preferred if the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer is developed, in particular in step e).
- the method further comprises the following step: Removal of the at least one first and / or second and / or third
- a positive photoresist in particular its solubility increases when activated by exposure
- a negative photoresist in particular its solubility decreases when activated by exposure
- the layer thickness of the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer is advantageously less than 15 ⁇ m, preferably less than 5 ⁇ m.
- step d) at least one third colored lacquer layer and / or at least one partially transparent metal layer and / or at least one dielectric spacer layer is applied to the carrier layer, in particular over the entire area, preferably the at least one third colored lacquer layer and / or the at least a partially transparent metal layer and / or the at least one dielectric spacer layer is not structured in step e).
- the multilayer body prefferably has at least one third colored lacquer layer and / or at least one partially transparent metal layer and / or comprises at least one dielectric spacer layer, which is preferably applied over the entire surface of the carrier layer and / or is more preferably arranged between the carrier layer and the at least one structured layer, in particular the at least one first photoresist layer, or the printing layer or the second replication lacquer layer.
- the multilayer body comprises one or more colored lacquer layers, preferably two or more colored lacquer layers, more preferably the at least one third and / or the at least one fourth and / or the at least one fifth colored lacquer layer. It is also further possible that the multilayer body further comprises one or more photoresist layers, preferably two or more photoresist layers, further preferably the at least one first and / or the at least one second photoresist layer. Furthermore, it is also possible that the multilayer body further comprises one or more metal layers, preferably two or more metal layers, more preferably the at least one first and / or the at least one second and / or the at least one third metal layer.
- the method further comprises at least one of the following steps:
- one or more colored lacquer layers preferably the at least one third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, in particular on the carrier layer, preferably before step d), and / or on the at least one layer to be structured, preferably after step e);
- the one or more colored lacquer layers preferably the two or more colored lacquer layers, more preferably the at least one third and / or the at least one fourth and / or the at least one fifth colored lacquer layer, in particular in the CIELAB color space, have a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, for the at least one layer to be structured.
- the one or more colored lacquer layers preferably of the two or more colored lacquer layers, more preferably of the at least one third and / or the at least one fourth and / or the at least one fifth colored lacquer layer and the at least one to be structured Layer that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer, a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the plurality of those arranged in a grid-like manner
- Microlenses ago is arranged behind it, the lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L, has.
- the one or more colored lacquer layers preferably the at least one, applied, preferably before step d) and / or after step e), more preferably on the carrier layer and / or on the at least one layer to be structured third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, in particular a total color difference in the CIELAB color space dE from 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, for the at least one layer to be structured.
- the one or more colored lacquer layers applied preferably before step d) and / or after step e), more preferably to the carrier layer and / or to the at least one layer to be structured, preferably the at least one third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, and of the at least one layer to be structured, that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer, a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the plurality of raster-shaped arranged microlenses her, is arranged behind, the lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L, has.
- Color ordazzlingness or single color or single color is understood in particular as a color location in a color space.
- the color space can in particular be the CIELAB color space.
- Different or differing colors or color contrast are understood to mean, in particular, a color distance dE between two color locations in a color space.
- the color space can in particular be the CIELAB color space.
- a different color that is sufficiently well perceptible for the human eye preferably has a color difference dE in the CIELAB color space of at least 2, preferably dE of at least 3, particularly preferably dE of at least 5.
- the color locus, in particular in the CIELAB color space is preferably determined using a color measuring device such as the Datacolor 650 spectrophotometer.
- the value of dE (also Delta E or DE) between the color locations (L *, a *, b *) P and (L *, a *, b *) is preferably calculated as a Euclidean distance:
- the brightness value L * is perpendicular to the color plane (a * b *).
- the a-coordinate indicates the color type and color intensity between green and red and the b-coordinate the color type and the color intensity between blue and yellow.
- L * can advantageously assume values between 0 and 100 and a and b can vary between -128 and +127.
- step e) at least a fourth colored lacquer layer and / or at least a third metal layer and / or at least one further replication lacquer layer is applied to the at least one layer to be structured, in particular over the entire area, preferably with one in the further replication lacquer layer at least regionally Relief structure is embossed.
- the multilayer body further comprises at least one fourth colored lacquer layer and / or at least one third metal layer and / or at least one further replication lacquer layer, which is preferred is applied over the entire area and / or is more preferably arranged or applied on the side facing away from the carrier layer of the at least one structured layer, in particular the at least one first photoresist layer, or the printing layer or the second replication lacquer layer.
- a relief structure is embossed at least in some areas in the further replication lacquer layer.
- the plurality of grid-shaped microimages are arranged in an at least regional overlap with the plurality of grid-shaped microlenses to generate a first optically variable effect, in particular when viewed from the side of the plurality of grid-shaped microlenses.
- the plurality of microimages arranged in a grid-like manner to overlap at least in certain regions and microlenses with the relief structure embossed in the further replication lacquer layer overlap, completely overlap or not overlap at least in some areas.
- the relief structure this is a diffractive grating, a Kinegram ® or hologram, a blazed grating, a binary grating, a multi-level phase grating, a linear grating, a cross grid, a hexagonal grid, an asymmetrical or symmetrical lattice structure, a retroreflective structure, in particular a binary or continuous freeform surface, a diffractive or refractive macrostructure, in particular a lens structure or microprism structure, a microlens, a microprism, a zero order diffraction structure, a moth's eye structure or anisotropic or isotropic matt structure, or an overlay or combination of two or more of the aforementioned relief
- the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer and / or the carrier layer is preferably colored, in particular colored with dyes and / or pigments.
- C cyan
- M magenta
- Y yellow
- K black
- the dyes to generate a color from a special color space, such as the RAL, HKS or Pantone ® color space.
- the dyes more preferably produce a color from the CIELAB color space.
- the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer can be colored with Orasol dyes and / or Microlith color pigments and / or Luconyl. It is also useful if the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer has fluorescent substances, which are excited in particular by means of UV radiation, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm.
- the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer is transparent, in particular that the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer transmits visible light, preferably from the wavelength range between 380 nm and 780 nm, of more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 85%, even more preferably more than 90%.
- multicolored microimages by corresponding coloring of the at least one first and / or second and / or third photoresist layer and / or the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer and / or the carrier layer if, for example, the at least one first photoresist layer is colored and, together with the at least one first colored lacquer layer, generates multicolored microimages and / or a mixed color.
- the colored lacquer layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, preferably have at least one binder, at least one additive and one or more fillers.
- Binding agents are preferably polymer-based systems and their mixtures, such as polyester, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, Polyurethane, polystyrene, polybutyrate, nitrocellulose, polyvinyl chlorides, ethylene vinyl acetates, their copolymers or similar polymers, understood.
- Additives here are preferably understood to mean organic or inorganic substances that improve the processing properties, for example when
- Fillers are preferably understood here to mean all other materials added to a system, in particular a polymer-based system, such as silica, pigments, dyes, UV-blocking additives, tracers, in particular taggants, and / or similar materials.
- the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer may be used as a mask layer.
- these colored layers preferably have UV-blocking additives as filler and / or additive, which in particular absorb light from the ultraviolet wavelength range, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm. More preferably, such UV-blocking additives have no or only very little absorption in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm visible to the human eye, in particular so that the other optical appearance for the human eye is not or only very slightly influenced.
- the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer is designed as a translucent colored lacquer layer, in particular as a transparent or translucent colored lacquer layer.
- the colors of the colored lacquer layers, in particular of the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer are advantageously transparent or at least translucent, the transmittance preferably being between 5% and 99%, in particular in the wavelength range of 380 nm to 780 nm, preferably in the sub-range from 430 nm to 690 nm.
- optically variable effects of the optically variable structures arranged from the viewing direction of the viewer below the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer can be detected.
- the colored lacquer layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, are formed from and / or consist of several different colors, whereby these preferably also include areas with color mixing from one have first and second colors, which are preferably created by means of overlapping and / or by rastering the colored lacquer layers, in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer.
- the color saturation of the colored lacquer layers in particular of the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, to vary.
- the color coating layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth color coat layer, a color of a specific color space, such as the RAL, FIKS- or Pantone
- Color lacquer layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth color lacquer layer, a color from the CIELAB color space. It is advantageous if the layer thickness of the colored layers, in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, is between 0.1 ⁇ m and 10 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.1 ⁇ m and 5 ⁇ m .
- the colored lacquer layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth colored lacquer layer, are advantageously formed by printing, in particular by means of offset printing and / or gravure printing and / or flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing. In particular, in order to achieve sufficient contrast, the colors of the corresponding layers are preferably chosen as follows:
- the layers selected from the group at least one first photoresist layer, at least one second photoresist layer, at least one first colored lacquer layer, at least one second colored lacquer layer, at least one third colored lacquer layer, at least one fourth colored lacquer layer, at least one fifth colored lacquer layer, at least one first metal layer, at least one second metal layer, at least one third metal layer, at least one Layer made of a transparent dielectric, at least one thin-film layer system, colored carrier layer that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer has a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the large number of the grid-like arranged
- Microlenses ago arranged behind it, the lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L, on.
- the layers are selected from the group, in particular if at least two of the layers are selected from the group: at least one first photoresist layer, at least one second photoresist layer, at least one first colored lacquer layer, at least one second colored lacquer layer, at least one third colored lacquer layer, at least one Fourth color lacquer layer, at least one fifth color lacquer layer, at least one first metal layer, at least one second metal layer, at least one third metal layer, at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric, at least one thin-film layer system, colored carrier layer in the CIELAB color space, in particular each with a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, to one another.
- dE total color distance
- the at least one layer to be structured which is applied in step d) and structured in step e) or the at least one structured layer has at least two layers selected from the group: at least one first photoresist layer, at least one first colored lacquer layer, comprises at least one second colored lacquer layer, at least one first metal layer, in particular wherein the at least two layers in the CIELAB color space each have a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, to one another, and / or wherein of the at least two layers that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer is a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the plurality of grid-like arranged microlenses, is arranged behind it , which has a lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L.
- the at least one layer to be structured or the at least one structured layer applied in step d) and structured in step e) has at least two layers selected from the group: one or more photoresist layers, one or more colored lacquer layers , comprises one or more metal layers, in particular where the at least two layers in the CIELAB color space each have a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, to one another, and / or where of the at least two Layers that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer has a darker color, in particular with a low lightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the plurality of grid-like arranged microlenses, is arranged behind it, the lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L.
- At least two layers are selected from the group: one or more photoresist layers, one or more colored lacquer layers, one or more metal layers in the CIELAB color space, in particular a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferred from 130 to 270, to one another, and / or if selected from at least two layers from the group: one or several photoresist layers, one or more colored lacquer layers, one or more metal layers that layer which faces the first replication lacquer layer is a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and that layer which, when viewed from the side of the plurality of the grid-like arranged
- Microlenses ago is arranged behind it, the lighter color, in particular with a higher brightness value L, has.
- the color space in particular is represented by a sphere, this being defined by the three axes of brightness L, red-green axis a and yellow-blue axis b.
- L 100 white
- L 0 black
- contrast is preferably understood to mean the total color difference dE.
- the method expediently further comprises at least one of the following steps, in particular which is carried out before step e): Production of the high-resolution separate mask by means of electron beam lithography and / or by means of laser beam lithography, in particular in a chrome-coated glass substrate;
- the high-resolution separate mask comprises the following layers: a glass substrate, in particular made of high-purity quartz glass or calcium fluoride, a chromium layer, in particular an optically dense chromium layer, optionally an adhesion promoter layer and optionally a pellicle.
- a pellicle is understood here to mean, in particular, a thin, transparent membrane which covers the high-resolution separate mask.
- the pellicle preferably serves as a protective layer which in particular protects the high-resolution separate mask from contamination.
- the pellicle is advantageously designed to be transparent and consists of a thin polymer material. It is also useful if step e) further comprises at least one of the following steps:
- the plurality of microimages arranged in a grid-like manner is further essentially distortion-compensated and / or angularly compensated for the multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid-like manner, and / or that the angularity between the multiplicity of micro-images arranged in a grid-like manner and the multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid-like manner is less than 0.5 °, preferably less than 0.3 °, more preferably less than 0.1 °, even more preferably less than 0.05 °.
- a high-resolution separate mask with structures smaller than 10 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m, is used in step e).
- the structures are preferably formed by the chrome layer, in particular the optically dense chrome layer.
- the plurality of grid-shaped microimages is formed such that the plurality of grid-shaped microimages each consist of one or more pixels, in particular the shortest edge length or the smallest diameter of a pixel is less than 10 pm, preferably less than 5 pm, particularly preferably less than 2.5 pm.
- the multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid shape each have a lens focal length between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 15 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m. It is also useful if the grid of the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses has a period between 5 gm and 70 gm, preferably between 5 gm and 50 gm, more preferably between 10 gm and 40 gm, and / or that the plurality of grid-shaped arranged Microlenses have a lens diameter between 5 gm and 70 gm, preferably between 5 gm and 50 gm, more preferably between 10 gm and 40 gm.
- the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid shape preferably has a hemispherical geometry and / or a flattened hemispherical geometry and / or a geometry similar thereto.
- the grid of the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid shape is a one- or two-dimensional grid. It is also conceivable that, in particular in the case of a two-dimensional grid, the
- Microlenses are arranged offset in lines, preferably offset by half a lens diameter and / or lens spacing.
- the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid-like manner, in particular in step c), to be or are molded over the entire surface or partially or in areas. It is also possible that the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid shape are shaped or arranged in areas with a different period, with a different lens diameter, a different geometry and / or a different lens focal length. Furthermore, it is possible for the multiplicity of microlenses arranged in a grid shape or the first replication lacquer layer to be colored and / or colored differently.
- the first and / or second and / or the further replication lacquer layer is preferably a functional layer into which structures, in particular surface structures, are introduced and / or fixed, preferably by means of thermal replication and / or UV replication.
- structures in particular surface structures, are introduced and / or fixed, preferably by means of thermal replication and / or UV replication.
- thermal replication and / or UV replication preferably by means of thermal replication and / or UV replication.
- the first and / or second and / or the further replication lacquer layer is a hybrid replication lacquer layer which is, for example, thermally replicated and then cured by means of radiation, in particular by means of UV radiation and / or by means of electron beams.
- the replication lacquer layer is replicated at room temperature and then cured by means of UV radiation.
- step b) the first replication lacquer layer is applied with an application weight between 5 g / m 2 and 10 g / m 2.
- the layer thickness of the first and / or second and / or further replication lacquer layer is between 0.1 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.1 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, more preferably between 0.3 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m further preferably between 0.5 pm and 20 pm, furthermore preferably between 0.5 pm and 10 pm.
- the first replication lacquer layer and / or the second replication lacquer layer and / or the further replication lacquer layer have fluorescent substances which are excited in particular by means of UV radiation, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm. This makes it possible, in particular, for visible light to be decoupled from the first and / or second and / or the further replication lacquer layer when irradiated with UV radiation.
- the fluorescent substances are preferably
- Perylene dyes such as, for example, Lumogen F types, in particular Lumogen F Red 305, Lumogen F Yellow 170, Lumogen F Pink 285, Lumogen F Orange 240 or Lumogen F Yellow 083, from BASF, Ludwingshafen, Germany. It is also possible that the fluorescent substances are Phosphor S6, Uvitex OB / Tinopal OB, Uvitex FP,
- perylene dyes to binder is between 0.01% to 20%, preferably between 0.1% and 15%, more preferably between 0.2% and 10%, in particular where polyacrylates, Polyurethanes, epoxides, polyesters, polyvinyl chlorides, rubber polymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetates, styrene block copolymers, phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesives, melamines, alkenes, allyl ethers, vinyl acetate, alkyl vinyl ethers, conjugated dienes, styrene, acrylates and / or copolymer resins or mixtures thereof can be used.
- the multiplicity of microimages arranged in a grid-like manner is formed by a printing layer which is applied in certain areas in such a way that the multiplicity of microscopic images arranged in a grid-like manner Microimages is formed by the printing layer, in particular wherein the printing layer is applied by means of a high-resolution digital printer.
- the multi-layer body has a control structure applied in particular by means of a high-resolution digital printer, which is preferably applied to the side of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid.
- the high-resolution digital printer in particular the first and / or the second high-resolution digital printer, advantageously has a resolution of at least 6000 dpi, preferably at least 12000 dpi, more preferably at least 24000 dpi.
- the detection device is an optical sensor, such as a CMOS sensor and / or CCD sensor.
- step g) an angulation and / or a warpage is further detected on the basis of the control structure.
- the plurality of raster-shaped microimages formed in step h) of the printing layer is applied to the plurality of raster-shaped micro-lenses, with the angular deflection also preferably being less than 0 .5 °, preferably less than 0.3 °, more preferably less than 0.1 °, even more preferably less than 0.05 °. It is also possible if the method further comprises the following step, in particular that is carried out between steps g) and h):
- step h at least a fourth metal layer and / or at least one layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or at least a fifth colored lacquer layer on the
- Print layer is applied. This results in a colored background or an increase in contrast, for example.
- Microlenses on the opposite side of the carrier layer wherein plasmonic subwavelength structures are molded into the second replication lacquer layer in such a way that the plurality of raster-like arranged microimages is formed by the molded subwavelength structure, and wherein the multilayer body further comprises a metal layer, which in particular directly on the one having the plasmonic subwavelength structures Side of the second replication lacquer layer is applied.
- the microimages themselves or the background of the microimages can have the plasmonic subwavelength structures and the respective other area can have mirror surfaces and / or non-plasmonic structures such as, for example, matt scattering structures.
- the microimages themselves can have plasmonic subwavelength structures and the background of the microimages has a mirror surface and / or non-plasmonic structures such as matt scattering structures or the microimages themselves preferably have a mirror surface and / or non-plasmonic structures such as matt scattering structures and the background of the microimages has plasmonic subwavelength structures.
- Both the microimages and the background of the microimages preferably have plasmonic subwavelength structures. It has proven to be advantageous here if the colors of the plasmonic subwavelength structures are more of a light shade such as light magenta and the other color is a more dark shade such as black or dark gray.
- step k) the metal layer is applied in such a way that plasmonic colors are generated by the interaction of the plasmonic subwavelength structure molded into the second replication lacquer layer and the metal layer.
- the plasmonic subwavelength structure preferably comprises grating structures selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional gratings, cross gratings, and hexagonal gratings. More preferably, such grating structures have a grating period between 150 nm and 400 nm and more preferably between 200 nm and 350 nm and a relief depth between 50 nm and 400 nm and more preferably between 150 nm and 350 nm.
- the metal layer is only in the Areas with the plasmonic sub-wavelength structures removed or only removed in the areas without these sub-wavelength structures.
- structuring methods can also be used for this, as described in particular in WO 2006084686 A2, in which, due to a relief structure configured differently in areas, a photosensitive layer or washing mask is exposed differently in accordance with the areas of the relief structure, and thereby the metal layer according to the different Exposure is removed in areas and is retained in areas.
- step i) at least one color filter layer is applied to the carrier layer, in particular over the entire area, preferably applied to the side of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid.
- the metal layers are expediently layers of aluminum, silver, chromium, copper, tin, indium, gold, Zinc or an alloy of the aforementioned metals.
- the metal layer which is applied to the side of the second replication lacquer layer having the plasmonic subwavelength structures is preferably a layer made of aluminum, silver, copper or an alloy of the aforementioned metals.
- the metal layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth metal layer and / or the metal layer, are layers of aluminum or silver blackened by oxidation, such as, for example substoichiometric AlxOy.
- the metal layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth metal layer and / or the metal layer, are advantageously formed by vapor deposition or sputtering.
- the layer thickness of the metal layers is between 3 nm and 300 nm, preferably between 5 nm and 100 nm, lies.
- the metal layers in particular the at least one first and / or second and / or third and / or fourth metal layer and / or the metal layer, serve as metallic mirror layers or as semitransparent absorber layers.
- the layer thickness of the metal layers for the function as a metallic mirror layer is preferably more than 15 nm.
- the layer thickness of the metal layers is less than 15 nm second and / or third and / or fourth metal layer and / or the metal layer, formed by applying paints containing metal pigments
- the layer thickness is preferably between 0.1 gm and 50 gm, more preferably between 1 gm and 20 gm.
- the carrier layer is preferably a single or multilayer film, the one or more layers of which consist in particular of the following materials or combinations thereof: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyoxydiphenylene pyromellitimide (Kapton) or other polyimides, polylactate (PLA), polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS).
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PC polycarbonate
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- PMMA polyoxydiphenylene pyromellitimide
- ABS acrylonitrile butadiene styrene
- the layer thickness of the carrier layer is preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m, more preferably between 6 ⁇ m and 75 ⁇ m, even more preferably between 12 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m.
- step a) a carrier layer precoated with an adhesion promoter layer, in particular on one or both sides, is provided.
- an adhesion promoter layer is applied to the carrier layer before step b) and / or before step i), in particular the first and / or second subsequently in step b) and / or in step i) Replication lacquer layer is applied to the adhesion promoter layer applied to the carrier layer.
- the multilayer body further comprises at least one adhesion promoter layer, in particular wherein the at least one adhesion promoter layer is arranged between the carrier layer and the first and / or second replication lacquer layer.
- the layer thickness of the adhesion promoter layer is preferably between 0.01 gm and 15 gm, more preferably between 0.1 gm and 5 gm.
- the adhesion promoter layer advantageously consists of polyester, epoxy, polyurethane, acrylate and / or copolymer resins or mixtures thereof. It is also possible for the adhesive layer to be thermoplastic, UV-curable, as a hybrid variant (thermoplastic and UV-curable), as a cold adhesive or as a self-adhesive adhesive layer.
- the multi-layer body further comprises at least one primer layer, in particular wherein the at least one primer layer is applied to the side of the plurality of microimages arranged in a grid-like manner facing away from the carrier layer.
- the primer layer advantageously forms the outermost layer of the multilayer body, which in particular lies opposite the large number of microlenses arranged in a grid-like manner.
- the at least one primer layer is preferably a thermally activatable layer, which further preferably is a
- the primer layer has a layer thickness between 0.3 gm and 25 gm and is preferably applied over the entire surface.
- the primer layer can in particular have a single-layer or multilayer structure. Furthermore, the primer layer can preferably be built up on an aqueous, solvent-containing or radiation-curing basis and / or combinations thereof.
- binders for the primer layer polyacrylates, polyurethanes, epoxies, polyesters, polyvinyl chlorides, Rubber polymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetates, styrene block copolymers, phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesives, melamines, alkenes, allyl ethers, vinyl acetate, alkyl vinyl ethers, conjugated dienes, styrene, acrylates and the mixtures of the above raw materials and their copolymers.
- water aliphatic (gasoline) hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, terpene hydrocarbons, aromatic (benzene) hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates can be used as solvents.
- hardeners such as leveling additives, defoamers, deaerators, dispersing additives, wetting agents, lubricants, matting agents, rheological additives, pigments and dyes or waxes can be added to the primer layer.
- the primer layer is preferably applied by means of a printing process such as, for example, gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, inkjet printing, pouring or by means of a doctor blade process.
- a printing process such as, for example, gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, inkjet printing, pouring or by means of a doctor blade process.
- the method further comprises the following step:
- the multi-layer body to further comprise at least one edge emitter layer, which on top of the plurality of arranged microlenses opposite side of the carrier layer and / or on the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses, in particular on which the viewer facing side of the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses is arranged.
- the at least one edge emitter layer is preferably a layer composed of binders and auxiliaries, for example additives, in particular the edge emitter layer further preferably having fluorescent substances.
- binders and the fluorescent substances reference is made to the above statements.
- step e) and / or step h) and / or step j) the plurality of grid-shaped microimages are registered, applied, molded, structured and / or formed to the plurality of grid-shaped microlenses.
- step e) the plurality of microimages arranged in a grid shape are formed by the regions in which the at least one layer to be structured is or is not removed, and / or that in step h) the plurality of grid-like arranged microimages are formed by the areas of the printing layer in which the printing layer is applied or not applied, and / or that in step j) the plurality of grid-like arranged microimages are formed by the areas in which the plasmonic subwavelength structure is molded or not taking an impression. It is also preferred if the total thickness of the multilayer body is less than 50 ⁇ m, preferably less than 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably less than 25 ⁇ m.
- 1a shows schematically a sectional illustration of a multilayer body
- FIGS. 1b to 1d schematically show a method for providing a
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a method for producing a high-resolution separate mask
- FIGS. 3a to 3c show schematic sectional representations of multilayer bodies
- FIGS. 4a and 4b show a method for creating a multilayer body and a multilayer body
- FIGS. 7 to 10 show schematic sectional representations of multilayer bodies
- FIGS. 11 a to 11 c show schematic sectional views of
- FIGS. 12a and 12b show schematic sectional representations of multilayer bodies
- FIG. 1a schematically shows a sectional illustration of a multilayer body 1.
- the multilayer body 1 is preferably a multilayer security element for securing security documents.
- the multi-layer body comprises a carrier layer 10 and a replication lacquer layer 11a applied to the carrier layer 10, in which a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is molded. Furthermore, the multilayer body has a plurality of grid-shaped microimages 15 arranged on the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses 12, in particular the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microimages 15 being registered to the plurality of grid-shaped arranged microlenses 12.
- the carrier layer 10 is preferably a single or multilayer film, the one or more layers of which consist in particular of the following materials or combinations thereof: polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE),
- the layer thickness of the carrier layer 10 is preferably between 1 gm and 500 gm, more preferably between 6 gm and 75 gm, even more preferably between 12 gm and 50 gm.
- the carrier layer 10 shown in FIG. 1 a is, for example, a carrier layer made of PET with a layer thickness of 12 ⁇ m. With regard to further possible configurations of the carrier layer 10, reference is made to the above statements.
- the multilayer body 1 has a flaft mediator layer 13, which is arranged between the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in the form of a grid and the carrier layer 10.
- a carrier layer 10 precoated on one side with the flaft mediating layer 13 is expediently provided.
- the layer thickness of the flaft mediating layer 13 is preferably between 0.01 gm and 15 gm, more preferably between 0.1 gm and 5 gm.
- the flaft mediating layer 13 consists of polyester, epoxy, polyurethane, acrylate and / or copolymer resins or mixtures thereof.
- the flaft mediator layer it is also possible for the flaft mediator layer to be thermoplastic, UV-curable, a flybridge variant (thermoplastic and UV-curable), a cold adhesive or a self-adhesive flaft mediator layer.
- the flaft mediating layer 13 shown in FIG. 1 a is, for example, a flaft mediating layer made of epoxy with a layer thickness from 1 m ⁇ ti.
- a flaft mediating layer made of epoxy with a layer thickness from 1 m ⁇ ti.
- the multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape are molded into the replication lacquer layer 11a.
- the replication lacquer layer 11a is preferably a functional layer into which structures, in particular surface structures, are introduced and / or fixed, preferably by means of thermal replication and / or UV replication.
- the replication lacquer layer 11a is a hybrid replication lacquer layer which is, for example, thermally replicated and then cured by means of radiation, in particular by means of UV radiation and / or by means of at least one electron beam.
- the replication lacquer layer 11a is replicated at room temperature and then cured by means of UV radiation.
- the layer thickness of the replication lacquer layer 11a is between 0.1 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.1 ⁇ m and 30 ⁇ m, more preferably between 0.3 ⁇ m and 20 ⁇ m, even more preferably between 0.5 ⁇ m and 20 pm, furthermore preferably between 0.5 pm and 10 pm.
- the replication lacquer layer 11a has fluorescent substances which are excited in particular by means of UV radiation, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm.
- the replication lacquer layer 11a shown in FIG. 1a is, for example, a UV-curable layer which was applied in a layer thickness of 30 ⁇ m.
- the multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape each have a lens focal length between 10 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, preferably between 15 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m.
- the grid of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape has a period between 5 ⁇ m and 70 ⁇ m, preferably between 5 ⁇ m and 50 ⁇ m, more preferably between 10 ⁇ m and 40 ⁇ m, and / or that the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged microlenses 12 have a lens diameter between 5 pm and 70 pm, preferably between 5 pm and 50 pm, more preferably between 10 pm and 40 pm.
- the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape preferably has a hemispherical geometry and / or a flattened hemispherical geometry and / or a geometry similar thereto.
- the grid of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is a one- or two-dimensional grid.
- the microlenses 12 are arranged offset by line, preferably offset by half a lens diameter and / or lens spacing.
- the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner are, for example, flattened hemispherical microlenses with a lens diameter of 25 ⁇ m each and a lens focal length of 30 ⁇ m, which are arranged according to a two-dimensional grid.
- the plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid shape preferably each consist of one or more pixels, with the shortest edge length or the smallest diameter of a pixel being less than 10 ⁇ m, preferably less than 5 ⁇ m, particularly preferably less than 2.5 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 1b to 1d schematically show methods for producing a multilayer body 1.
- 1b shows a method for producing a multilayer body 1, in particular a multilayer security element for securing security documents, the method comprising the following steps, which are carried out in the following sequence in particular: a) providing a carrier layer 10; b) applying a replication lacquer layer 11a to the carrier layer 10; c) molding a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape in the replication lacquer layer 11a; d) applying a layer 14 to be structured to the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape; e) Structuring of the one layer 14 to be structured using a high-resolution separate mask 23 in such a way that a plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner are formed by removing the one layer 14 to be structured in regions.
- the layer 14 to be structured, applied in step d) and structured in step e), is a photoresist layer 16a, which remains in particular in the multilayer body 1 produced. More preferably, the photoresist layer 16a is colored, in particular colored with dyes and / or pigments, has fluorescent substances and / or is transparent.
- the photoresist layer 16a is initially applied over the entire area, in particular in a layer thickness between 0.5 ⁇ m and 1.5 ⁇ m.
- step e) further comprises at least one of the following steps:
- the high-resolution separate mask is brought together with contact with the photoresist layer 16a applied to the carrier layer 10 and, in particular, the photoresist layer 16a is subsequently exposed through the mask.
- the photoresist layer 16a is thereby preferably exposed in the surface areas in which the mask is permeable or transparent for the respective exposure radiation.
- the photoresist layer 16a is then in particular developed and structured.
- microimages 15, which are arranged in the form of a grid, of the photoresist layer 16a to be formed in the multiplicity of FIG. 1 a.
- a high-resolution separate mask with structures smaller than 10 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m, is used in step e).
- a high-resolution separate mask with structures smaller than 10 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m is used in step e).
- a positive photoresist is preferred for forming the photoresist layer 16a, in particular the solubility of which increases when activated by exposure, or a negative photoresist, in particular the solubility of which decreases when activated by exposure, is used.
- a positive photoresist is distinguished by the fact that this photoresist becomes soluble in a certain solvent, for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions, in the exposed areas when there is sufficient exposure to a suitable wavelength, for example by means of UV radiation.
- a suitable wavelength for example by means of UV radiation.
- by exposure using the high-resolution separate mask it is consequently possible to preferably achieve colored areas of defined shape and size, which preferably form the multiplicity of microimages 15 arranged in a raster.
- a positive photoresist preferably comprises, for example, condensation polymer of m- and p-cresol and formaldehyde (novolak resin), diazonaphthoquinone derivative (DNQ) and solvent or solvent mixture, such as 1-methoxy-2-propyl acetate.
- Novolak resins in particular are hydrophilic (OH groups) and soluble in aqueous base.
- DNQ hydrophilic
- ICA indenecarboxylic acid
- a negative photoresist in particular, is characterized by the fact that this lacquer cures with sufficient exposure to a suitable wavelength, for example by means of UV radiation, and thus becomes insoluble in a certain solvent, for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions, in the exposed areas .
- a suitable wavelength for example by means of UV radiation
- a certain solvent for example in acidic or basic aqueous solutions
- a negative photoresist is preferably based on epoxy resins and has low molecular weight organic compounds which in particular have more than one epoxy group per molecule.
- Epoxy resins based on bisphenol-A, epoxidized phenol novolak, and / or resorcinol diglycidyl are also preferably used to produce negative photoresists.
- a so-called resin / hardener system provides a macromolecular network through polymerization of the epoxy group.
- different hardeners can be used, which are distinguished by the ring-opening reaction of the oxirane groups. Acid anhydrides, amines or phenol-containing compounds are preferably used, or triarylsulphonium salts are used as photoactive components.
- catalysts such as Lewis bases and acids
- the hardener is preferably built into the three-dimensional network structure.
- a catalyst in particular favors network formation via ester bridges.
- g-butyrolactone is preferably used as a solvent in the printing ink of such epoxy resin-based photoresists.
- additives such as. B. long-chain epoxy resins are used to serve on the one hand as an adhesion promoter, reactive thinner or as an additive or lowering the viscosity.
- a negative photoresist consists in particular of the following combination of solvents, binders and hardeners: -solvent: 1-methoxy-2-propanol content: 75%,
- 1c shows a method for producing a multilayer body 1, in particular a multilayer security element for securing security documents, the method comprising the following steps, which are carried out in the following sequence in particular: a) providing a carrier layer 10; b) applying a replication lacquer layer 11a to the carrier layer 10; c) molding a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape in the replication lacquer layer 11a; f) printing a control structure on the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner by means of a first high-resolution digital printer; g) Detecting the control structure by means of a detection device from the side of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape in such a way that the control structure is detected through the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape by means of the detection device; h) Area-wise application of a print layer on the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of grid-
- the high-resolution digital printer used here in particular the first and / or the second high-resolution digital printer, advantageously has a resolution of at least 6000 dpi, preferably at least 12000 dpi, more preferably at least 24000 dpi. It is also useful if the detection device is an optical sensor, such as a CMOS and / or CCD sensor. Furthermore, it is preferred that in step g) an angulation and / or a warpage is further detected on the basis of the control structure.
- the angularity further preferably is less than 0.5 °, preferably less than 0.3 °, more preferably less than 0.1 °, even more preferably less than 0.05 °.
- the method further comprises the following step, in particular that is carried out between steps g) and h):
- step h a metal layer and / or a layer made of a transparent dielectric and / or at least one colored lacquer layer is applied to the printing layer.
- 1d shows a method for producing a multilayer body 1, in particular a multilayer security element for securing security documents, the method comprising the following steps, which are carried out in the following sequence in particular: a) providing a carrier layer 10; b) applying a first replication lacquer layer 11 a to the carrier layer 10; c) molding a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape in the first replication lacquer layer 11a; i) applying a second replication lacquer layer to the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape; j) area-wise molding of a plasmonic subwavelength structure in the second replication lacquer layer in such a way that a plurality of raster-like arranged microimages 15 is formed by the molded plasmonic subwavelength structure; k) applying a metal layer to the second replication lacquer layer.
- step k) the metal layer is applied in such a way that plasmonic colors are generated by the interaction of the plasmonic subwavelength structure molded into the second replication lacquer layer and the metal layer.
- the plasmonic subwavelength structure preferably comprises grating structures selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional gratings, cross gratings, and hexagonal gratings. More preferably, such grating structures have a grating period between 150 nm and 400 nm and more preferably between 200 nm and 350 nm and a relief depth between 50 nm and 400 nm and more preferably between 150 nm and 350 nm.
- step i) at least one color filter layer is applied, preferably on, to the carrier layer 10, in particular over the entire area the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner is applied.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows a method for generating a high-resolution separate mask 23.
- the photoresist layer 16d for structuring the chromium layer 23b on the glass substrate 23a is exposed by means of a laser or an electron beam.
- the photoresist layer 16d is developed, the exposed areas being removed, in particular when using a positive photoresist.
- the chromium layer 23b is then etched, the areas covered by the photoresist layer 16d, as shown in FIG. 2, being protected from the etchant and thus not being removed.
- the photoresist 16d is in particular completely removed.
- a so-called pellicle which is understood to mean in particular a thin, transparent membrane that covers the high-resolution separate mask, is applied.
- the high-resolution separate mask 23 is advantageously produced by means of an electron beam lithography method. However, it is also possible for the high-resolution separate mask 23 to be produced by means of laser beam lithography methods, with typically lower resolutions being achieved in this case than in the case of electron beam lithography methods. Structures smaller than 10 ⁇ m, preferably smaller than 5 ⁇ m, more preferably smaller than 2.5 ⁇ m, are preferably produced with these methods.
- the high-resolution separate mask 23 produced in this way preferably comprises the following layers: a glass substrate 23a, in particular made of high-purity quartz glass or calcium fluoride, a chromium layer 23b, in particular an optically dense chromium layer, optionally an adhesion promoter layer and optionally a pellicle 23c.
- FIGS. 3a to 3c show schematic sectional representations of multilayer bodies.
- 3a shows a multilayer body 1 comprising a replication lacquer layer 11a with a multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner molded therein, an adhesion promoter layer 13, a carrier layer 10, a photoresist layer 16a, which is shaped in such a way that it contains a multiplicity of microscopic images 15 arranged in a grid-like manner and a primer layer is shown.
- the primer layer 24 is applied to the side of the plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner, which side faces away from the carrier layer 10.
- the primer layer 24 is preferably a thermally activatable layer, which further preferably has a layer thickness between 0.3 ⁇ m and 25 ⁇ m and is preferably applied over the entire surface.
- the primer layer 24 can in particular have a single-layer or multilayer structure.
- the primer layer 24 can in particular be based on an aqueous, solvent-containing or radiation-curing basis and / or combinations thereof.
- binders for the primer layer 24 polyacrylates, polyurethanes, epoxides, polyesters, polyvinyl chlorides, rubber polymers, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, ethylene-vinyl acetates, polyvinyl acetates, styrene block copolymers, phenol-formaldehyde resin adhesives, melamines, alkenes, allyl ethers , Vinyl acetate, alkyl vinyl ether, conjugated dienes, styrene, acrylates and the mixtures of the above raw materials and their copolymers.
- water aliphatic (gasoline) hydrocarbons, cycloaliphatic hydrocarbons, terpene hydrocarbons, aromatic (benzene) hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, esters, ketones, alcohols, glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether acetates can be used as solvents.
- hardeners such as leveling additives, defoamers, deaerators, dispersing additives, wetting agents, lubricants, matting agents, rheological additives, pigments and dyes or waxes can be added to the primer layer 24.
- the primer layer 24 is preferably applied by means of a printing process such as, for example, gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, inkjet printing, casting or by means of a doctor blade process.
- a printing process such as, for example, gravure printing, screen printing, flexographic printing, inkjet printing, casting or by means of a doctor blade process.
- the primer layer 24 shown in FIG. 3 a is, for example, a thermally activatable layer composed of binding agent and, if appropriate, further auxiliaries, which furthermore has a layer thickness of 0.3 ⁇ m to 25 ⁇ m.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 3b corresponds to the multilayer body shown in FIG. 3a with the difference that it further comprises the edge emitter layer 21.
- the edge emitter layer 21 is arranged on that of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a raster shape, in particular on the side of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a raster shape and facing a viewer.
- edge emitter layer 21 it is also possible for the edge emitter layer 21 to cover the entire plurality of microlenses 21 arranged in a grid-like manner, in particular the layer thickness of the edge emitter layer 21 being less, in particular much less, than the lens height. It is also possible here for more material of the edge emitter layer 21 to accumulate in the spaces between the microlenses 12.
- the edge emitter layer 21 shown in FIG. 3b is, for example, a layer composed of a binder with auxiliary substances, for example additives, the edge emitter layer 21 further comprising fluorescent substances.
- auxiliary substances for example additives
- the edge emitter layer 21 further comprising fluorescent substances.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 3c corresponds to the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 3b with the difference that the edge emitter layer 21 is arranged on the side of the carrier layer opposite the plurality of microlenses arranged in a grid.
- the edge emitter layer 21 is thus arranged in the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 3 c between the carrier layer 10 and the primer layer 24.
- the total thickness of the multilayer body 1 it is also possible for the total thickness of the multilayer body 1 to be less than 50 ⁇ m, preferably less than 35 ⁇ m, even more preferably less than 25 ⁇ m.
- FIGS. 4 a and 4b show a method for fixing a multi-layer body 1 and a multi-layer body 1.
- the multilayer body shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b is preferably produced using the method explained with reference to FIG. 1b, with the difference that the layer 14 to be structured applied in step d) and structured in step e) comprises a colored lacquer layer 17a , which in particular is applied over the entire surface of the photoresist layer 16a. Subsequently, in step e), the colored lacquer layer 17a is structured in register with the photoresist layer 16a.
- the colored lacquer layer 17a shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b is a layer which, in contrast to the photoresist layer 16a itself, cannot be exposed or structured. As shown in FIG. 4a, the colored lacquer layer 17a is structured in the same step in which the photoresist layer 16a is structured. In other words, the colored lacquer layer 17a is removed together with the photoresist layer 16a. With regard to the further possible configuration of the colored lacquer layer 17a, reference is made to the above statements.
- FIG. 4a Structuring and removal of the photoresist layer 16a, the microlenses 12 arranged underneath, particularly when viewing the multilayer body 1 from the side of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape
- Color lacquer layer 17a is removed in register with the photoresist 16a.
- photoresist layers such as the photoresist layer 16a here, is also generally referred to as so-called stripping.
- a multi-layer body 1 which comprises the following layers: a replication lacquer layer 11a with a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like shape therein, a Flaft mediator layer 13, a carrier layer 10, a structured layer 14 comprising a photoresist layer 16a and a colored lacquer layer 17a, the structured layer 14 being shaped in such a way that it forms a plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner, and a metal layer 18c.
- the metal layer 18c is expediently a layer made of aluminum, silver, chromium, copper, tin, indium, gold, zinc or an alloy of the aforementioned metals. Furthermore, it is also possible that the metal layer 18c is a layer of aluminum or silver blackened by oxidation, such as, for example, substoichiometric AlxOy. It is also useful if the layer thickness of the metal layer is between 1 nm and 500 nm, preferably between 5 nm and 100 nm.
- the metal layer 18c shown in FIG. 4b is, for example, a metal layer made of aluminum with a layer thickness of 20 nm. With regard to further possible configurations of the metal layer, reference is made to the above statements.
- FIG. 5 schematically shows a sectional illustration of a multilayer body 1.
- the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 5 comprises a replication lacquer layer 11a with a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner molded therein, a flaft mediating layer 13, a carrier layer 10, a photoresist layer 16a, which is shaped in such a way that it forms a multiplicity of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner , a paint layer 17d and a metal layer 18c.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 5 is preferably produced using the method explained with reference to FIG. 1b, with the difference that, preferably after step e), the colored lacquer layer 17d, in particular, is applied over the entire area.
- the photoresist layer 16a is preferably colored, in particular colored with dyes and / or pigments.
- the dyes to generate a color from a special color space, such as the RAL, FIKS or Pantone ® color space.
- the dyes more preferably produce a color from the CIELAB color space.
- the photoresist layer 16a to be colored with Orasol dyes and / or Microlith color pigments and / or Luconyl.
- the photoresist layer 16a is transparent, in particular for the photoresist layer 16a to have a transmission of visible light, preferably from the wavelength range between 380 nm and 780 nm, of more than 50%, preferably more than 70%, more preferably more than 85%, even more preferably more than 90%.
- the photoresist layer shown in FIG. 5 is, for example, a colored photoresist layer which has a transmission of more than 50%.
- a colored photoresist layer which has a transmission of more than 50%.
- the colored lacquer layer 17d it is also possible to generate a color from a special color space, such as, for example, the RAL, HKS or Pantone® color space. More preferably, the colored lacquer layer 17d generates a color from the CIELAB color space.
- the layer thickness of the colored layer is between 0.1 pm and 10 pm, preferably between 0.1 pm and 5 pm.
- the colored lacquer layer 17d shown in FIG. 5 has a layer thickness of 2.5 ⁇ m.
- the colored lacquer layer 17d is advantageously applied by printing, in particular by means of offset printing and / or gravure printing and / or flexographic printing and / or inkjet printing.
- the colors of the corresponding layers are preferably selected as follows:
- the photoresist layer 16a which faces the replication lacquer layer 11a, preferably has a darker color, in particular with a low brightness value L, and the colored lacquer layer 17d, which is arranged behind it when viewed from the side of the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner, the lighter color , in particular with a higher brightness value L.
- the photoresist layer 16a and the colored lacquer layer 17d each have a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, to one another in the CIELAB color space.
- the color space is represented by a sphere K, this being defined by the three axes of brightness L, red-green axis a and yellow-blue axis b.
- L 100 white
- L 0 black
- a dark photoresist layer 16a (30L,
- FIGS. 7 to 10 show schematic sectional views of multilayer bodies 1.
- FIG. 7 shows a multilayer body 1 with a carrier layer 10 and a replication lacquer layer 11a applied to the carrier layer 10, in which a plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is molded. Furthermore, the multilayer body shown in FIG. 7 also comprises the photoresist layers 16a and 16a 16b and the metal layer 18c. Regarding the For the configuration of the layers 10, 11a, 12, 13 and 18c, reference is made here to the above statements.
- the photoresist layer 16a here comprises UV-blocking additives which in particular absorb light from the ultraviolet wavelength range, preferably from the wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm. More preferably, such UV-blocking additives have no or only very little absorption in the wavelength range from 380 nm to 780 nm that is visible to the human eye.
- the UV-blocking additives are advantageously, for example, benzotriazole derivatives, which are used in the corresponding layers in particular with a mass fraction in a range of approx. 3% to 5%.
- Suitable organic UV absorbers are, for example, sold under the trade name Tinuvin ® by BASF, Ludwigshafen, Germany.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 7 also includes the photoresist layer 16b, the photoresist layer 16b having an exposure principle that is complementary to the photoresist layer 16a and / or wherein the solubility of the photoresist layer 16b can be changed at a different exposure wavelength than the photoresist layer 16a , and wherein the photoresist layer 16b is further arranged in perfect register next to the photoresist layer 16a.
- Such a multi-layer body 1 is preferably produced using the method explained with reference to FIG. 1b, with the difference that the method further comprises the following steps, which are carried out in particular after step e):
- the photoresist layer 16b has an exposure principle complementary to the photoresist layer 16a and / or wherein the solubility of the photoresist layer 16b is changed at a different exposure wavelength than the photoresist layer 16a;
- a complementary exposure principle is understood here to mean, in particular, the use of an exposure principle that counteracts the exposure principle of the photoresist layer 16a.
- the complementary exposure principle is preferably understood to mean that a positive photoresist is used to form the photoresist layer 16a, in particular its solubility increases when activated by exposure, and a negative photoresist, in particular whose solubility decreases when activated by exposure, is used to form the photoresist layer 16b or the other way around.
- the first applied photoresist layer 16a is developed and structured by means of the high-resolution separate mask.
- the photoresist layer 16b is then applied, which, as explained above, is a part of the photoresist layer 16a having complementary exposure principle.
- the photoresist layer 16b is then exposed from the side of the microlenses 12 through the microlenses 12, the photoresist layer 16a serving as a mask for structuring the photoresist layer 16b due to the UV-blocking additives.
- the photoresist layer 16b is developed and structured.
- the photoresist layers 16a and 16b are preferably colored differently, so that a multilayer body 1 is produced in which the photoresist layer 16b is arranged in exact register next to the photoresist layer 16b, so that, for example, colored microimages with a very high resolution are generated, which are of a different-colored background are surrounded.
- coloring the photoresist layers 16a and 16b reference is made to the above statements.
- FIG. 8 shows a multilayer body 1 with a carrier layer 10 and a replication lacquer layer 11a applied to the carrier layer 10, in which a multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is molded.
- the multilayer body shown in FIG. 8 also includes the photoresist layer 16a and the metal layer 18b.
- the metal layer 18b is applied to the photoresist layer 16a on the side of the photoresist layer 16a facing away from the plurality of raster-shaped microlenses 12 and is also arranged in register with the photoresist layer 16a.
- the photoresist layer 16a here also includes UV-blocking additives, which in particular light from the ultraviolet wavelength range, preferably from the Wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm, absorb.
- UV-blocking additives which in particular light from the ultraviolet wavelength range, preferably from the Wavelength range between 200 nm and 380 nm, absorb.
- Such a multilayer body 1 is preferably produced using the method explained with reference to FIG. 1b, with the difference that the method further comprises the following steps, in particular which are carried out after step e):
- the exposure source is preferably a UV lamp or UV LED, for example.
- the layer thickness of the photoresist layer 16a and of the further photoresist layer is advantageously less than 15 ⁇ m, preferably less than 5 ⁇ m.
- the photoresist layer 16a is also initially applied by means of the high-resolution separate mask developed and structured.
- the metal layer 18b is then applied, for example by vapor deposition.
- metal layer 18b is coated, in particular over the entire area, with the further photoresist layer.
- the further photoresist layer is then exposed from the side of the microlenses 12 through the microlenses 12, the photoresist layer 16a serving as a mask for structuring the further photoresist layer due to the UV-blocking additives.
- the further photoresist layer is developed and structured together with the underlying metal layer 18b.
- the metal layer 18b is preferably made transparent or at least partially transparent, so that in particular the light emitted by the exposure source passes through the metal layer 18b to the further photoresist layer.
- the metal layer 18b preferably has a layer thickness of less than 15 nm.
- FIG. 9 shows a multi-layer body 1 with a carrier layer 10 and a replication lacquer layer 11a applied to the carrier layer 10, in which a multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in the form of a grid is molded.
- the multilayer body shown in FIG. 9 also comprises the colored lacquer layers 17c and 17d, the photoresist layer 16a and the metal layer 18a.
- the metal layer 18a which is arranged on the side facing the plurality of raster-shaped microlenses 12 on the photoresist layer 16a, is also arranged in register with the photoresist layer 16a.
- the color lacquer layers 17c and 17d are, however, as shown in Fig. 9, applied over the entire surface, the color lacquer layer 17c, when viewed from the side of the large number of grid-like arranged microlenses 12, is arranged above the structured metal layer 18a and the photoresist layer 16a and the color lacquer layer 17d behind the structured metal layer 18a and the photoresist layer 16a is arranged.
- the metal layer 18a and the photoresist layer 16a accordingly form the structured layer 14 here.
- the colored lacquer layer 17c and / or the colored lacquer layer 17d preferably in the CIELAB color space has a total color distance dE of 50 to 270, preferably from 100 to 270, more preferably from 130 to 270, to the structured layer 14, in particular where the structured layer 14, as shown in FIG. 9, comprises the photoresist layer 16a and the metal layer 18a.
- the layer 14 applied in step d) and structured in step e) here also comprises the metal layer 18a, which is first applied over the entire surface before the photoresist layer 16a is applied to the side of the carrier layer 10 opposite the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner.
- the metal layer 18a is subsequently structured with the at least one first photoresist layer in a precisely registered manner in step e). It is also possible for the photoresist layer 16a to be removed again, in particular after step e).
- the photoresist layer 17d is then applied over the entire area, as shown in FIG. 9.
- the metal layer 18a which was initially vapor-deposited over the entire surface, for example, together with the
- Photoresist layer 16a structured using the high-resolution separate mask. Furthermore, the colored lacquer layers 17c and 17d were additionally applied before and afterwards in order to produce mixed colors or a colored background.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 10 corresponds to the multilayer body shown in FIG. 9 with the difference that the full-area colored lacquer layer 17c is not present.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 10 is produced analogously to the multilayer body shown in FIG. 9. It is also possible, for example, to replace and / or supplement the metal layer 18a with a colored lacquer layer 17b. Such a multi-layer body is also produced analogously to the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 9, so that reference is made to the above statements in this regard.
- FIGS. 11 a to 11c show schematic sectional representations of multilayer bodies 1.
- 11a shows a multilayer body 1 with a carrier layer 10 and a replication lacquer layer 11a applied to the carrier layer 10, in which a multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is molded.
- the multilayer body shown in FIG. 11a also includes the thin-film layer system 20, which includes the partially transparent metal layer 20a, the dielectric spacer layer 20b and the opaque metal layer 20c, and is formed by the structured layer 14.
- the thin-film layer system 20 further forms the plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner.
- the partially transparent metal layer 20a here preferably has an optical density OD of approximately 0.6 and the opaque metal layer an optical density OD of approximately 1.9.
- the metal layers 20a and 20c are formed here from aluminum.
- Such a multi-layer body 1 is preferably produced using the method explained with reference to FIG dielectric spacer layer 20b and the opaque metal layer 20c comprises.
- the thin-film layer system 20 is first chemically more fully, in particular by means of sputtering, physical vapor deposition (PVD) Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or low pressure applied.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- step e the thin film layer system 20 is structured in register with the photoresist layer 16a and the photoresist layer 16a is removed again, in particular after step e).
- the thin-film layer system which was initially applied over the entire surface, is structured together with the photoresist layer 16a using the high-resolution separate mask.
- the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 11b corresponds to the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11a with the difference that the layers 20b and 20c of the thin-film layer system 20, in contrast to the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11a, are formed over the entire surface.
- the multiplicity of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner or their shape and / or contour is formed here in particular by the structured, partially transparent metal layer 20a.
- the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11 b is produced like the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11 a with the difference that the layer 14 applied in step d) and structured in step e) only has the partially transparent metal layer 20a here.
- the further layers 20b and 20c of the thin-film layer system 20 are then applied over the entire area.
- the dielectric spacer layer 20b continues to function as a replication layer, in which microstructures with a relief depth of less than 200 nm are preferably molded.
- the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11c corresponds to the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11a with the difference that the layers 20a and 20b of the thin-film layer system 20, in contrast to the multi-layer body shown in FIG.
- the multilayer body 1 shown in FIG. 11c further comprises the colored lacquer layer 17d applied over the entire surface.
- the multiplicity of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner or their shape and / or contour is formed here in particular by the structured opaque metal layer 20c.
- the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11 c is produced like the multi-layer body shown in FIG. 11 a, with the difference that first of all the layers 20 a and 20 b are applied over the entire surface. There is also the difference that the layer 14 applied in step d) and structured in step e) only has the opaque metal layer 20c here. Furthermore, the colored lacquer layer 17d is then applied over the entire area.
- FIGS. 12 a and 12b show schematic sectional views of multilayer bodies 1.
- the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 12 a corresponds, for example, to the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 3 a, with the difference that the plurality of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid shape is only applied in certain areas.
- the multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner is passably present here in the region 25b.
- replication lacquer layer 11c which is applied over the entire surface and is arranged on the side of the plurality of microimages 15 arranged in a grid-like manner facing away from the carrier layer 10. Furthermore, a relief structure 22 is embossed into the replication lacquer layer 11c in regions. The metal layer 18c is also applied to the replication lacquer layer 11c, at least in the region 25a.
- the relief structure 22 this is a diffractive grating, a Kinegram ® or hologram, a blazed grating, a binary grating, a multi-level phase grating, a linear grating, a cross grid, a hexagonal grid, an asymmetrical or symmetrical lattice structure, a retroreflective structure, in particular a binary or continuous freeform surface, a diffractive or refractive macrostructure, in particular a lens structure or microprismatic structure, a microlens, a microprism, a zero order diffraction structure, a moth's eye structure or anisotropic or isotropic matt structure, or an overlay or combination of two or more of the aforementioned relief structures.
- a diffractive grating a Kinegram ® or hologram
- a blazed grating a binary grating
- a multi-level phase grating a linear grating
- a cross grid a hexagon
- the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 12b corresponds to the multi-layer body 1 shown in FIG. 12a with the difference that the multiplicity of microlenses 12 arranged in the form of a grid and the multiplicity of microimages 15 arranged in the form of a grid are applied over the entire surface. Furthermore, the multilayer body shown in FIG. 12b, in contrast to the multilayer body shown in FIG. 12a, does not comprise a primer layer 24. As shown in FIG. 12b, the multiplicity of microimages 15 and microlenses 12 arranged in a grid-like manner completely overlap with the relief structure 22 embossed in the replication lacquer layer 11c.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020113144.5A DE102020113144A1 (de) | 2020-05-14 | 2020-05-14 | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Mehrschichtkörpers sowie ein Mehrschichtkörper |
| PCT/EP2021/061324 WO2021228573A2 (de) | 2020-05-14 | 2021-04-29 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines mehrschichtkörpers sowie ein mehrschichtkörper |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4149769A2 true EP4149769A2 (de) | 2023-03-22 |
Family
ID=75870579
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21724202.3A Pending EP4149769A2 (de) | 2020-05-14 | 2021-04-29 | Verfahren zum herstellen eines mehrschichtkörpers sowie ein mehrschichtkörper |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230166556A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4149769A2 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020113144A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021228573A2 (de) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022131373A1 (de) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-05-29 | Leonhard Kurz Stiftung & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrschichtkörpers sowie Mehrschichtkörper |
| DE102023108843A1 (de) * | 2023-04-06 | 2024-10-10 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Sicherheitsdokument und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitsdokuments |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2004294182C1 (en) | 2003-11-21 | 2014-01-16 | Visual Physics, Llc | Micro-optic security and image presentation system |
| US20050282000A1 (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2005-12-22 | General Electric Company | Multilayer composites with special visual effects |
| DE102005006277B4 (de) | 2005-02-10 | 2007-09-20 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Mehrschichtkörpers |
| EP1893074B2 (de) * | 2005-05-18 | 2017-06-14 | Visual Physics, LLC | Bilddarstellung und mikrooptisches sicherheitssystem |
| DE102009040975A1 (de) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-24 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Mehrschichtkörper |
| GB0919112D0 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2009-12-16 | Rue De Int Ltd | Security device |
| GB2539390B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2018-07-25 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Security devices and methods of manufacture thereof |
| GB2539389B (en) * | 2015-06-10 | 2017-12-06 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Image arrays for security devices and methods of manufacture thereof |
| AU2016100402B4 (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2017-08-17 | Ccl Secure Pty Ltd | Micro-optic device with integrated focusing element and image element structure |
| DE102016109193A1 (de) * | 2016-05-19 | 2017-11-23 | Ovd Kinegram Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sicherheitselementen mit einem Lenticular Flip |
| GB201704495D0 (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-05-03 | La Rue Int Ltd | Methods of manufacturing security devices and image arrays therefor |
| FR3068292A1 (fr) * | 2017-06-30 | 2019-01-04 | Ccl Secure Pty Ltd | Dispositif micro-optique sur substrat pour document de securite |
| DE102017218799B3 (de) | 2017-10-20 | 2018-11-15 | Koenig & Bauer Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Sicherheitselementes oder Sicherheitsdokuments |
| GB2578773B (en) | 2018-11-08 | 2022-03-30 | De La Rue Int Ltd | Methods of manufacturing security device components |
-
2020
- 2020-05-14 DE DE102020113144.5A patent/DE102020113144A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 EP EP21724202.3A patent/EP4149769A2/de active Pending
- 2021-04-29 US US17/923,019 patent/US20230166556A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-04-29 WO PCT/EP2021/061324 patent/WO2021228573A2/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021228573A2 (de) | 2021-11-18 |
| US20230166556A1 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
| DE102020113144A1 (de) | 2021-11-18 |
| WO2021228573A3 (de) | 2021-12-30 |
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