EP4146882A1 - Structure pneumatique et procédé de fabrication associé - Google Patents
Structure pneumatique et procédé de fabrication associéInfo
- Publication number
- EP4146882A1 EP4146882A1 EP21724658.6A EP21724658A EP4146882A1 EP 4146882 A1 EP4146882 A1 EP 4146882A1 EP 21724658 A EP21724658 A EP 21724658A EP 4146882 A1 EP4146882 A1 EP 4146882A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- configuration
- pneumatic structure
- cavity
- inextensible
- pressurized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241000842962 Apoda limacodes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011088 parchment paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002847 sound insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/04—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for structures of spherical, spheroid or similar shape, or for cupola structures of circular or polygonal horizontal or vertical section; Inflatable forms
- E04G11/045—Inflatable forms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
- A47C27/08—Fluid mattresses
- A47C27/10—Fluid mattresses with two or more independently-fillable chambers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
- A61G7/00—Beds specially adapted for nursing; Devices for lifting patients or disabled persons
- A61G7/05—Parts, details or accessories of beds
- A61G7/057—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor
- A61G7/05769—Arrangements for preventing bed-sores or for supporting patients with burns, e.g. mattresses specially adapted therefor with inflatable chambers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/0018—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools
- E04H4/0025—Easily movable or transportable swimming pools with inflatable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
- E04H4/06—Safety devices; Coverings for baths
- E04H4/10—Coverings of flexible material
- E04H4/103—Coverings of flexible material with inflatable chambers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
- E04H2015/202—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
- E04H2015/204—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework made from contiguous inflatable tubes
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
- E04H2015/202—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework
- E04H2015/205—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure with inflatable panels, without inflatable tubular framework made from two sheets with intermediate spacer means
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/20—Tents or canopies, in general inflatable, e.g. shaped, strengthened or supported by fluid pressure
- E04H2015/206—Details of inflation devices, e.g. valves, connections to fluid pressure source
Definitions
- TITLE Pneumatic structure and associated manufacturing process
- the present invention relates to a pneumatic structure.
- the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a pneumatic structure.
- Such a structure is intended to be used to form three-dimensional objects of predefined structure, from a reference shape, by applying an overpressure in internal cavities of the structure.
- the three-dimensional objects are, for example, biomedical equipment, leisure or rehabilitation equipment, parts of furniture, or even industrial structures.
- the structure is pneumatic.
- the transition from the rest configuration to the deployed configuration is achieved by inflating the structure with a fluid, in particular air.
- These structures generally have a plurality of internal channels, which, after inflation, generate substantial deformations of the structure, so that it bends, that it elongates, that it contracts, or that it twists during pressurization.
- the structures described in US 9,464,642 are for example used as pneumatic actuators.
- the deformation of the internal cavities is very important. It generally occurs in only one direction and it induces an expansion in the cavities which strongly deforms the structure.
- An aim of the invention is therefore to obtain a pneumatic structure which can be easily activated in order to change shape rapidly and obtain a controlled and reproducible shape exhibiting improved rigidity.
- the invention relates to a pneumatic structure comprising an inextensible body defining at least one network of internal cavities, each cavity having a closed contour in at least one section of the cavity, each cavity being suitable for being pressurized.
- the inextensible body having a macroscopic metric distinct from its macroscopic metric in the rest configuration, each cavity being formed of 'at least two substantially rectilinear channels, each channel being fluidly connected to at least one of the other channels, the two said channels forming a heading change angle, each cavity comprising at least one non-zero heading change angle, in particular at least three angles of safe course changes.
- the structure according to the invention may include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination: the value of the angle of change of heading of each channel varies along a cavity; each channel has a width, defined laterally in said section and in the rest configuration, less than a third of the length of said channel, in particular less than half the length of said channel;
- At least one cavity comprises a channel separating into at least two channels
- the inextensible body is suitable for receiving an overpressure with respect to atmospheric pressure, the inextensible body being in the rest configuration in the absence of overpressure, the inextensible body being in the pressurized configuration when the internal pressure of each cavity is greater than a so-called deployment pressure equal to the Young's modulus multiplied by the ratio to the cube of the thickness of the inextensible body over the minimum width of the channels; in the rest configuration, the inextensible body has a flat shape, in particular a disc or flat rectangle shape, the pneumatic structure being foldable in said rest configuration; in the pressurized configuration, the inextensible body defines an outer shell having a three-dimensional shape, the pneumatic structure having a flexural modulus in the pressurized configuration greater than 100 times the flexural modulus of the pneumatic structure in the rest configuration ;
- the pneumatic structure has symmetry with respect to a central axis or with respect to a plane of symmetry in the rest configuration
- the inextensible body has a periphery in the rest configuration, each cavity extending to the periphery, in a direction substantially tangent to the periphery or in a direction substantially orthogonal to the periphery;
- the inextensible body defines at least one opening, the ratio between the area of the opening and the area of the inextensible body being less than 70%;
- the inextensible body comprises at least two flat layers of similar contours welded together;
- the inextensible body comprises at least three superimposed layers, the inextensible body defining at least a first network of cavities between two successive layers and at least a second network of cavities between two other successive layers, the first network and the second network being advantageously clean to be pressurized independently of each other, and
- the pneumatic structure forms: biomedical equipment, a furniture component, leisure equipment, in particular a tent or a swimming pool, tableware equipment, in particular a plate, or industrial equipment of adaptable shape, in particular a formwork for a structure concrete.
- the subject of the invention is also a method of manufacturing a structure as defined above, comprising at least the following steps: supply of at least two flat layers of similar shapes, arrangement of the layers one on top of the other , and welding the layers together according to a predefined pattern in order to form the cavities.
- the manufacturing process according to the invention can include one or more of the following characteristics, taken in isolation or in any technically possible combination: the welding step according to the predefined pattern is carried out by a soldering iron, advantageously controlled by a computer ; the method comprises a step of arranging a release paper between each layer before the welding step, the release paper defining the predefined pattern, the step of welding the layers being carried out by a flat heating press, and the welding step is carried out by a heating press having the shape of the pattern.
- FIG 1 is a view of a first pneumatic structure according to the invention, in a rest configuration
- FIG 2 is in perspective of the first structure of Figure 1, in a pressurized configuration
- FIG 3 is a perspective and sectional view of part of the first structure of Figure 1 in the rest configuration on the left and in the pressurized configuration on the right;
- Figure 4 is an explanatory top view of the angle of change of heading, in the rest configuration on the left and in the pressurized configuration on the right;
- FIG 5 is a top and bottom view of a second pneumatic structure according to the invention, in a rest configuration
- FIG 6 is a perspective view of the second structure of Figure 5, in a pressurized configuration
- FIG 7 is a view of a third pneumatic structure according to the invention, in a rest configuration
- FIG 8 is a view similar to Figure 7, in a pressurized configuration
- FIG 9 is a view of a fourth pneumatic structure according to the invention, in a rest configuration
- FIG 10 is a perspective view of the fourth structure of Figure 9, in a pressurized configuration
- FIG 11 is a view of a fifth pneumatic structure according to the invention, in a rest configuration
- FIG 12 is a perspective view of the fifth structure of Figure 11, in a pressurized configuration and in an intermediate configuration;
- FIG 13 is a perspective representation of an implementation of a first manufacturing process according to the invention of the structure of Figure 1;
- FIG 14 is a perspective representation of an implementation of a second manufacturing process according to the invention of the structure of Figure 1.
- a first pneumatic structure 10 according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figures 1 to 4.
- the structure 10 comprises an inextensible body 12 internally defining a plurality of internal cavities 14, suitable for being pressurized in order to pass the inextensible body 12 from a rest configuration, shown in FIG. 1, to a pressurized configuration, shown in figure 2.
- the structure 10 further comprises at least one pressurizing port 13, communicating with the internal cavities 14 to allow the pressurization of the cavities 14.
- the inextensible body 12 is configured, by the structure of the internal cavities 14 which it contains, to deform in a reversible manner between its rest configuration, which is advantageously flat, and at least one configuration. in pressure, in which it adopts a three-dimensional shape, the macroscopic metric of the inextensible body 12 in the pressurized configuration being different from the macroscopic metric of the inextensible body 12 in the rest configuration.
- macroscopic metric of the inextensible body is meant the set of distances separating two different points of the median surface defined within the inextensible body 12 between its upper surface and its lower surface.
- the inextensible body 12 has a Gaussian curvature different from its Gaussian curvature in the rest configuration.
- the Gaussian curvature is zero in the rest configuration and is non-zero, for example positive or negative, in the pressurized configuration.
- Gaussian curvature or “Gaussian curvature” is meant the product of the principal curvatures at a given point of a surface.
- Gaussian curvature of a sheet that is flat or rolled up in a cone or cylinder is zero. It is positive for a sphere and negative for a saddle.
- inextensible body is understood to mean the fact that the body is not suitable for being elongated by extension when the pressure applied to this body is less, in particular 10 times less, advantageously 100 times less, than a so-called inextensibility pressure. equal to the Young's modulus of the body multiplied by the ratio between the thickness of the inextensible body 12 and the maximum width (we) of the cavities 14, defined laterally in a cross section of the cavity 14, in the rest configuration.
- Young's modulus is measured at 23 ° C according to the NFT 46-002 standard.
- the Young's modulus of the material of the inextensible body 12 is about 1 GPa
- the thickness of the inextensible body 12 is about 100 ⁇ m
- the maximum width is about 5 cm.
- the inextensibility pressure is then equal to 20 bars.
- the inextensible body 12 is for example made of nylon.
- the inextensible body 12 is composed of nylon fabrics impregnated in urethane, polyethylene, polypropylene or polypropylene terephthalate thermoplastic.
- the inextensible body 12 is composed of fabrics of plant origin such as cotton or linen, for example.
- the inextensible body 12 comprises two layers 16 of similar shapes, here round, welded together.
- the cavities 14 are thus defined between the two superposed layers 16.
- the inextensible body 12 defines at least three cavities 14, in particular at least ten cavities 14.
- each cavity 14 is delimited, in at least one cross section of the cavity 14, laterally by two welds 18 facing each other.
- the width of the welds 18 is typically between 0.1 mm and 100 mm.
- each cavity 14 is delimited above by an upper region formed by one of the layers 16 and below by a lower region formed by the other layer 16.
- Each cavity 14 has a closed contour in this section.
- the outline has a flattened shape in the rest configuration, as visible on the left of Figure 3, and an oval shape, here round, in the pressurized configuration, as visible on the right of Figure 3.
- the two layers 16 are substantially parallel to each other.
- the thickness of the inextensible body 12 taken opposite a cavity 14 is less than or equal to 200% of the sum of the thicknesses of the layers 16 opposite, advantageously less than 105% of the sum of thicknesses of the layers 16 opposite.
- the width (w-e) of the cavity 14 is typically between 1 mm and 2000 mm.
- the thickness of the inextensible body 12 taken opposite a cavity 14 is substantially equal to 2 (w-b) / tt.
- the cavities 14 of at least one network of cavities 14 are interconnected. In this example, all the cavities 14 are interconnected at the level of the center of the structure 10.
- each network of interconnected cavities 14 is connected to a respective port 13 to allow their selective pressurization.
- the inextensible body 12 has a periphery 17 in the rest configuration, here of generally round shape.
- the cavities 14 extend radially from a central axis A-A 'of the inextensible body 12 towards the periphery 17.
- the structure 10 here presents a symmetry with respect to the central axis A-A ’.
- each cavity 14 has a similar pattern, the structure 10 being formed by the reproduction by rotation about the central axis A-A ’of symmetry of this pattern.
- Each cavity 14 extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the periphery 17.
- the tangent to the periphery 17 is orthogonal to the direction of extension of the cavity 14.
- Each cavity 14 is sealed along the periphery 17, in order to seal the network of cavities 14, in particular by a seam or a weld in the form of a festoon.
- each cavity 14 is formed of at least two substantially rectilinear channels 19 extending end to end.
- Each channel 19 has a width (we), defined laterally in a cross section in the rest configuration, less than a third of the length L of said channel 19, in particular less than half of the length L of the channel 19.
- Each channel 19 is fluidly connected to at least one of the other channels 19 of the cavity 14, the two said channels 19 forming a change of course angle c, c ’, at their common end.
- each channel 19 extends in its own direction, two consecutive channels 19 then forming the angle of change of heading X.X ’ ⁇
- the angle of change of course is associated with the symbol c in the rest configuration and the symbol c ’in the pressurized configuration.
- each cavity 14 includes at least one non-zero heading change angle c, c, in particular at least three non-zero heading change angles c, c.
- each cavity 14 has the shape of a broken line or in other words of a zigzag.
- Each angle of change of course c, c ’ is advantageously between 20 ° and 160 °.
- the angle of change of course c, c 'along a cavity from the periphery 17 to the center of the structure 10 is an increasing function.
- the zigzag becomes more and more tightened towards the center of the structure 10.
- At least one cavity 14 comprises a channel 19 separating into at least two channels 19.
- each channel 19 separates into two channels 19 which each separate again into two channels 19.
- the inextensible body 12 exhibits a first macroscopic metric.
- the inextensible body 12 has a flat shape, here in the form of a flat disc. No excess pressure is applied to the cavities 14 and, as visible on the left of FIG. 3, the outline of each cavity 14 has a flattened shape.
- each channel 19 has a heading variation angle x with the adjacent channels 19, as shown to the left of figure 4.
- the structure 10 is foldable, in particular foldable by hand by a human being.
- the structure 10 has a bending stiffness per unit of width equal to the Young's modulus of the material of the inextensible body 12 multiplied by the cube of the thickness of the inextensible body of 12.
- the structure 10 is said to be pliable, if this bending stiffness is less than 1 Nm
- the bending stiffness is less than 10 3 Nm when the inextensible body 12 has a thickness approximately equal to 100 ⁇ m and a Young's modulus approximately equal to 1 GPa.
- the inextensible body 12 has a second macroscopic metric distinct from the first macroscopic metric.
- the inextensible body 12 defines an outer envelope having a three-dimensional shape, here a shell shape.
- Each cavity 14 is suitable for receiving an overpressure with respect to atmospheric pressure.
- the inextensible body 12 passes into the pressurized configuration when the internal pressure of each cavity 14 is greater than a so-called deployment pressure equal to the Young's modulus multiplied by the ratio to the cube of the thickness of the inextensible body over the minimum width of the channels.
- each cavity 14 has an oval shape, here round, as visible on the right of FIG. 3.
- each channel 19 then has a heading variation angle c 'with the adjacent channels 19 less than the heading variation angle c at rest, as shown to the right of FIG. 4.
- the inextensible body 12 in the pressurized configuration is then self-supporting, i.e. it is able to maintain itself in its modified metric, against its own weight, without having to it is necessary to provide an external support frame.
- the pneumatic structure 10 has a flexural modulus at least 100 times greater than the flexural modulus of the pneumatic structure 10 in the rest configuration.
- a second pneumatic structure 110 according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figures 5 and 6.
- the second structure 110 differs from the first structure 10 in that the inextensible body 12 comprises four superimposed layers 16.
- the inextensible body 12 defines a first network of cavities 14 between the two first successive layers 16 and a second network of cavities 14 between the last two successive layers 16.
- each array of cavities 14 is similar to that of the first structure 10.
- the first network of cavities 14 differs in that an opening 20 is formed on the first two layers 16, in the center of the inextensible body 12.
- the ratio between the area of the opening 20 and the area of the extensible body 12 is less than 70%, in particular less than 50%, preferably less than 25%.
- the inextensible body 12 then adopts the shape of a flattened sphere, or in other words of a lens.
- the flattened sphere is composed of a shell similar to that of structure 10 formed by the second network of cavities 14 and a truncated dome formed by the first network of cavities 14.
- each cavity network is able to be pressurized independently of the other networks. It is thus possible to obtain several pressurized configurations.
- the structure 110 In the first pressurized configuration, the structure 110 has a shell shape similar to that shown in Figure 2.
- the structure 110 has the shape of a truncated dome.
- FIG. 7 a third pneumatic structure 210 according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figures 7 and 8.
- the third structure 210 differs from the first structure 10 in that the inextensible body 12 has a flat rectangular shape in the rest configuration, extending in a main direction B-B '.
- the cavities 14 extend parallel to each other perpendicular to the main direction B-B '.
- the inextensible body 12 thus has symmetry with respect to a plane P, orthogonal to the main direction B-B 'and with respect to a Q plane comprising the main direction B-B' and orthogonal to the plane of the structure 210 in the configuration rest.
- the periphery 17 here has a rectangular shape.
- Each cavity 14 extends in a direction substantially orthogonal to the periphery 17.
- the two cavities 14 arranged at the ends of the inextensible body 12 further extending in a direction substantially tangent to the periphery 17.
- the third structure 210 then has a helix shape in the pressurized configuration.
- a fourth pneumatic structure 310 according to the invention is illustrated schematically in Figures 9 and 10.
- the fourth structure 310 differs from the third structure 210 in that the pattern of the network of cavities 14 has two foci 22 from which radially extend from the cavities 14, the longitudinal ends of the inextensible body 12.
- the foci 22 are connected by cavities 14 extending longitudinally.
- the contraction of the cavities 14 causes the fourth structure 310 to pass into a three-dimensional shape.
- This three-dimensional shape has two positions. In the first position, shown in Figure 10, the three-dimensional shape has a wavy shape with an inflection point located between the two foci 22.
- the three-dimensional shape has an arc shape without a point of inflection.
- the structure 310 is able to pass from one position to another by the exercise of a force on one of the ends of the inextensible body 12 in order to cause a rotation of this end with respect to the adjacent focus 22, as represented by the arrows in figure 10.
- a fifth pneumatic structure 410 is illustrated schematically in Figures 11 and 12.
- the fifth structure 410 differs from the first structure 10 in that the inextensible body 12 has a shape of a disk sector extending over an angular extent between 0 ° and 360 °, defined between two edges 24 extending from the inextensible body center 12.
- the inextensible body 12 is configured to pass from the configuration at rest, shown in Figure 11, to the pressurized configuration, shown in solid lines in Figure 12, through an intermediate configuration, shown in dotted lines in Figure 12 .
- the intermediate configuration is obtained from the rest configuration by bringing together and fixing the two edges 24.
- the two edges 24 are fixed together by fixing means, such as hooks or adhesive tape.
- the intermediate configuration therefore has a three-dimensional shape without any overpressure being applied in the cavities 14.
- the inextensible body 12 has the shape of a cone of revolution, as shown in dotted lines in FIG. 12.
- the passage from the intermediate configuration to the pressurized configuration is obtained by pressurizing the cavities 14, thus causing the cavities 14 to contract.
- the inextensible body 12 then has the shape of a concave cone, or in other words of a pavilion, as shown in solid lines in FIG. 12.
- a sixth structure differs from the first structure 10 in that the inextensible body 12 has two pressurized configurations.
- the inextensible body 12 defines two networks of cavities 14 separated between the two layers 16 each comprising a respective port 13 for each network.
- Each network of cavities 14 has a different respective pattern.
- the inextensible body 12 is able to pass from the rest configuration to a first configuration pressurized by pressurizing the first network of cavities 14, no overpressure being applied in the second network.
- the sixth structure then has a first three-dimensional shape, for example a shell shape as shown in Figure 2.
- the inextensible body 12 is also able to pass from the rest configuration to a second configuration pressurized by pressurizing the second network of cavities 14, no overpressure being applied in the first network.
- the sixth structure then has a second three-dimensional shape, different from the first shape, for example a cone shape.
- the shapes and dimensions of the inextensible body 12 in the rest configuration and in each of the pressurized configurations are chosen, for example, so that the structure 10, 110, 210 , 310, 410 forms a biomedical equipment, in particular a deployable endoprosthesis, or an actuator for manipulation and displacement of biological tissue.
- the material of the inextensible body 12 is biocompatible.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms sports and rehabilitation equipment.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms an adjustable form assist device for strength training or rehabilitation.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms a deployable inflatable structure for high fashion, aerospace or for an outdoor activity, such as tents, bowls or other accessories.
- the structure When the structure forms a tent, the structure comprises for example an opening 20 forming a door and an opening 20 forming a window.
- the ratio between the area of the opening 20 forming the window and the area of the inextensible body 12 is advantageously less than 25%.
- the ratio between the area of the opening 20 forming the door and the area of the inextensible body 12 is advantageously less than 50%.
- the ratio between the area of the opening 20 on the roof and the area of the inextensible body 12 is preferably less than 50%.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms part of a piece of furniture, for example a continuously deformable furniture panel or a pneumatically activatable hinge.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms industrial equipment, having a shape adapted according to use, for example a formwork for a concrete structure, a deformable headrest which conforms to the shape. head, or a variable-shaped wind turbine blade to optimize performance.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms an impact-resistant packaging surrounding a fragile object in order to protect it.
- the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 forms a thermal or sound insulator.
- At least two layers 16 of similar shapes are provided.
- two layers 16 in the form of discs are provided.
- Layers 16 are arranged on top of each other.
- the shape and the corresponding metric of the structure 10 and the cavities 14 in the rest configuration are calculated to obtain the position of the welds 18 to be applied according to a predefined pattern.
- the manufacturing process then comprises a step of welding the layers 16 together according to the predefined pattern in order to form the cavities 14.
- soldering step according to the predefined pattern is performed by a soldering iron 26, as shown in Figure 13.
- the soldering iron 26 is advantageously controlled by a computer 28.
- the computer 28 includes a memory in which the predefined pattern is stored. The computer 28 then controls the movement of the soldering iron 26 according to the predefined pattern.
- soldering iron 26 is operated by an operator.
- a second manufacturing method differs from the first method in that the method comprises a step of arranging a release paper 30 between each layer 16 before the welding step.
- non-stick is understood to mean that the paper has, with the layers 16, an adhesion energy of less than 100 mJ / m 2 .
- the release paper 30 is, for example, baking paper.
- the release paper 30 defines the predefined pattern. Thus, the pattern is cut from the release paper 30, only the complementary part of the solder pattern being kept.
- the step of welding the layers 16 is then carried out by a flat heating press 32.
- the welds 18 are then made at the level of the pattern defined by the release paper 30, the release paper 30 preventing the layers 16 from being welded together outside the pattern.
- the method includes a step of cutting the boundary 17 in order to obtain the structure 10.
- a third manufacturing method differs from the first method in that a heating press whose shape coincides with the pattern of the desired welds.
- the welding step is then performed by the heating press having the shape of the pattern.
- the present invention has a number of advantages. Indeed, the structures 10, 110, 210, 310, 410, according to the invention are easily deployable and make it possible to achieve predetermined shapes by the pattern of the networks of the cavities 14 contained in the inextensible body 12.
- the inextensible body 12 is foldable or rollable and therefore easy to store and compact.
- the inextensibility of the body 12, the small width of the channels 19 relative to their length and the broken line shape of the cavities 14 makes it possible to obtain a structure having significant rigidity. Furthermore, the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 according to the invention is easy to manufacture, reproducibly and at a low manufacturing cost.
- the invention therefore allows an advantageous use of the structure 10, 110, 210, 310, 410 in many applications such as biomedicine, recreation or industry.
Landscapes
- Architecture (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2004559A FR3109908B1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2020-05-07 | Structure pneumatique et procédé de fabrication associé |
| PCT/EP2021/062171 WO2021224464A1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Structure pneumatique et procédé de fabrication associé |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4146882A1 true EP4146882A1 (fr) | 2023-03-15 |
Family
ID=72178685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21724658.6A Pending EP4146882A1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2021-05-07 | Structure pneumatique et procédé de fabrication associé |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12352055B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4146882A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3109908B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021224464A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4347633A (en) * | 1980-07-22 | 1982-09-07 | American Hospital Supply Corporation | Patient treating mattress |
| JP3290159B2 (ja) * | 1998-06-03 | 2002-06-10 | 株式会社モルテン | エアマット |
| US20090165212A1 (en) * | 2005-08-25 | 2009-07-02 | Molten Corporation | Air mattress |
| WO2012148472A2 (fr) | 2010-11-19 | 2012-11-01 | President And Fellows Of Harvard College | Actionneurs robotisés déformables |
| EP2804721A1 (fr) | 2012-01-19 | 2014-11-26 | President and Fellows of Harvard College | Actionneurs robotiques flexibles |
| NL2018492B1 (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2018-09-21 | Studio Ninaber B V | Inflatable tent |
| FR3084010B1 (fr) * | 2018-07-23 | 2020-07-17 | Paris Sciences Et Lettres - Quartier Latin | Structure pneumatique et procede de fabrication associe |
-
2020
- 2020-05-07 FR FR2004559A patent/FR3109908B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-05-07 US US17/997,766 patent/US12352055B2/en active Active
- 2021-05-07 EP EP21724658.6A patent/EP4146882A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-05-07 WO PCT/EP2021/062171 patent/WO2021224464A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021224464A1 (fr) | 2021-11-11 |
| FR3109908A1 (fr) | 2021-11-12 |
| US12352055B2 (en) | 2025-07-08 |
| US20230175273A1 (en) | 2023-06-08 |
| FR3109908B1 (fr) | 2023-07-07 |
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