EP4143429A1 - Réservoir de centrale d'accumulation par pompage subaquatique modulaire - Google Patents

Réservoir de centrale d'accumulation par pompage subaquatique modulaire

Info

Publication number
EP4143429A1
EP4143429A1 EP21724213.0A EP21724213A EP4143429A1 EP 4143429 A1 EP4143429 A1 EP 4143429A1 EP 21724213 A EP21724213 A EP 21724213A EP 4143429 A1 EP4143429 A1 EP 4143429A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressure vessel
modules
module
wall
cavities
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21724213.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gerhard Luther
Horst Schmidt-Böcking
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4143429A1 publication Critical patent/EP4143429A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/40—Use of a multiplicity of similar components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/20—Geometry three-dimensional
    • F05B2250/28—Geometry three-dimensional patterned
    • F05B2250/283—Honeycomb
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2250/00—Geometry
    • F05B2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05B2250/31—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation
    • F05B2250/312—Arrangement of components according to the direction of their main axis or their axis of rotation the axes being parallel to each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/42—Storage of energy
    • F05B2260/422—Storage of energy in the form of potential energy, e.g. pressurized or pumped fluid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a modularly constructed reservoir for an underwater pumped storage power plant, in particular for installation in a dry but floodable ground depression, e.g. in an abandoned or still operating open pit.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for subsequent use of the Hambach opencast mine or other lignite mining areas and, even when implemented in the Rhenish Revier, has the potential to provide the entire short-term storage capacity required after the energy transition in Germany (and possibly even in Europe).
  • DE 10 2011 013329 A1 discloses the basic idea of building a pumped storage power plant under water, with a lowered pressure vessel serving as a lower reservoir to store energy when water is pumped out of the pressure vessel and to provide energy when water is let into the pressure vessel.
  • DE 10 2019 118 725 which is hereby incorporated by reference.
  • DE 10 2019 118 726 which is hereby also incorporated by reference, teaches a method for the provisional use of an at least partially constructed lower reservoir for an underwater pumped storage power plant.
  • the present invention is based on the object of specifying a lower reservoir for an underwater pumped storage power plant, which combines low manufacturing costs, a flexible structure and expandability with a large storage volume and high pressure resistance, stability and safety, and also an environmentally friendly production permitted.
  • the invention discloses an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir in a dry but floodable ground depression, in particular in an abandoned or still operated open pit, comprising a modular arrangement of several individual pressure vessel modules.
  • the individual pressure vessel modules serve for the intermediate storage of electrical energy from other power plants, in particular wind power plants and / or photovoltaic systems.
  • the pressure vessel modules can in particular be operated in such a way that electrical energy is obtained when water is let into the pressure vessel modules from the flooded ground depression, and electrical energy is stored when water is discharged from the pressure vessel modules into the flooded ground depression will.
  • the pressure vessel modules are each individual modules, which can preferably be operated independently of one another, in particular if the modules are each equipped with their own turbine, pump and / or pump turbine at their at least one flow opening. If the pressure vessel modules are independent, this has the advantage of greater reliability. In the event of an earthquake, only individual pressure vessel modules are affected, so that only small areas of damage occur on the reservoir. This prevents the reservoir from being destroyed by an earthquake.
  • the pressure vessel modules accordingly each have an outer wall with at least one flow opening for admitting and / or discharging water, such that the pressure vessel modules can each be filled with water and / or pumped out independently of one another when the dry bottom depression is flooded with water.
  • the modular arrangement of the pressure vessel modules is also designed in such a way that the outer wall of the pressure vessel modules is flat against one another are arranged adjacent, in particular without gaps, to one another in the dry but floodable bottom depression.
  • the pressure vessel modules are preferably arranged next to one another and / or one above the other on the subsurface of the floor depression.
  • the outer walls of the pressure vessel modules adjoin one another in such a way that the pressure vessel modules each adjoin one another with a flat, i.e. two-dimensional, area of their outer wall and preferably each touch one another with a flat, i.e. two-dimensional, area of their outer wall.
  • the terms flatly adjoining or touching are to be interpreted in the sense of this application in such a way that the pressure vessel modules neither adjoin one another only punctually nor only along a line, ie one-dimensionally, as would be the case, for example, if two spherical tanks adjoin one another or two parallel circular cylindrical ones Adjacent containers.
  • the modular arrangement is characterized according to the invention in that each pressure vessel module is in contact with a flat part of its outer surface with a flat part of the outer surface of another pressure vessel module.
  • two-dimensional adjoining one another in the sense of this application also includes in particular a two-dimensional opposition of two-dimensional areas of the outer walls, whereby a certain gap can remain, which is, for example, less than 2%, in particular less than 1%, in particular smaller than 0.5%, especially smaller than 0.1%, especially smaller than 0.05% of a main dimension of the pressure vessel module.
  • contact or being in contact which in the sense of this application also in particular include an opposing position with a remaining space, which is, for example, smaller than the stated values.
  • the modular arrangement of the pressure vessel modules is therefore designed in such a way that the pressure vessel modules are arranged with their outer walls face to face in the dry but floodable floor depression, with two-dimensional, ie two-dimensional, areas of the outer walls facing one another, which in particular have an interspace, which is especially smaller than the stated values. Since the pressure vessel modules are arranged flatly adjacent to one another, in particular without gaps, in relation to one another in the floor depression, the stability and mutual cohesion of the modular arrangement is increased. In particular, mutual slipping of the pressure vessel modules is prevented or reduced by the two-dimensional contact. Furthermore, the areal contact between the pressure vessel modules reduces the space in between. As a result, the storage capacity of the arrangement can in turn be increased and any filler material provided for the intermediate spaces can be saved.
  • gaps can even be completely avoided.
  • the pressure vessel modules are in flat contact, the effect of the high external water pressure when the depression in the ground is flooded with water can be prevented. This increases the pressure resistance of the individual pressure vessel modules, in particular with a long service life. If necessary, the pressure vessel modules can hereby also be produced with a smaller wall thickness and thus lower costs.
  • the pressure vessel modules each define a longitudinal direction in such a way that the outer wall of the pressure vessel modules each has a jacket surrounding the longitudinal direction with an outer jacket surface.
  • the pressure vessel modules are preferably arranged in the floor depression in such a way that the longitudinal direction runs vertically and at least some pressure vessel modules arranged directly on the substrate stand up on the substrate with a lower end face.
  • the pressure vessel modules are preferably designed to be cylindrical at least over a section along their longitudinal direction, in such a way that the outer jacket surface has a shape that is constant in cross section along the section of the longitudinal direction.
  • the shape that is to say the outer contour, can in particular be angular or polygonal.
  • the subsection is preferably at least 25 percent, particularly preferably at least 50 percent, even more preferably at least 75 percent, of the longitudinal extent of the pressure vessel modules along the longitudinal direction.
  • the pressure vessel modules preferably have a constant cross-section at least over a partial section along their longitudinal direction, in particular the entire cross-section including the outer contour and the inner structure being designed to be constant.
  • the subsection is again preferably at least 25 percent, particularly preferably at least 50 percent, even more preferably at least 75 percent, of the longitudinal extent of the pressure vessel modules along the longitudinal direction.
  • the pressure vessel modules can be manufactured or manufactured in a sliding construction at least over a partial section along their longitudinal direction, for example with or from concrete.
  • the subsection is again preferably at least 25 percent, particularly preferably at least 50 percent, even more preferably at least 75 percent, of the longitudinal extent of the pressure vessel modules along the longitudinal direction.
  • each pressure vessel module adjoins at least one of the other pressure vessel modules with at least 5 percent, preferably at least 10 percent, particularly preferably at least 20 percent, even more preferably at least 50 percent of its outer surface, in particular its outer surface.
  • the modular arrangement of the pressure vessel modules is also designed in such a way that at least some of the pressure vessel modules with at least 75 percent of their outer surface, in particular their outer surface area, are adjacent to at least one of the other pressure vessel modules and / or at least some of the pressure vessel modules arranged inside the modular arrangement over the full area with their The outer surface, in particular its outer surface, adjoin other pressure vessel modules.
  • the outer surface of the pressure vessel modules in particular the jacket surface of the pressure vessel modules, in particular comprises each planar surface sections or consists of planar surface sections.
  • the pressure vessel modules are arranged in such a way that the planar surface sections of one pressure vessel module each flatly adjoin planar surface sections of other pressure vessel modules.
  • the side surfaces can be designed to be jagged in such a way that teeth of adjacent pressure vessel modules interlock, in particular in order to further stabilize the arrangement.
  • the terms flatly adjoining and / or flatly in contact are to be interpreted in the context of this application to the effect that a certain, in particular negligible, gap can remain.
  • the pressure vessel modules are in particular arranged with their outer wall flatly adjacent to one another in such a way that each pressure vessel module with a flat area of its outer surface faces a flat area of the outer surface of at least one of the other pressure vessel modules, in such a way that no space remains or a space remains between the opposing flat areas , which is less than 2%, in particular less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5%, in particular less than 0.1%, in particular less than 0.05%, of a dimension, for example the longitudinal extension of the Pressure vessel module.
  • the adjacent part of the outer surface, in particular the lateral surface, of each pressure vessel module and / or the adjacent planar surface sections of the pressure vessel modules, in particular the lateral surface of the pressure vessel modules can adjoin one another in such a way that there is no space between them or a space that is smaller is than 2%, in particular less than 1%, in particular less than 0.5%, in particular less than 0.1%, in particular less than 0.05%, of a dimension, for example the longitudinal extent, of the pressure vessel module.
  • a remaining space can be at least partially filled with a sealing material, in particular at the edge areas, in order to prevent water from penetrating into the space, the sealing material preferably being flexible, in particular to bridge thermal expansion and / or temperature fluctuations.
  • the sealing material can for example comprise rubber.
  • a check valve can be installed in at least one outer wall of a pressure vessel module in order to divert water which has penetrated into an intermediate space into the pressure vessel module.
  • a check valve can, for example, be arranged in the upper quarter, sixth, eighth or tenth of the module.
  • the pressure vessel modules form a regular grid, in particular according to the structure of a hexagonal axis system.
  • the modular arrangement of the pressure vessel modules forms a pressure vessel module layer lying directly on the substrate, in particular a gapless, pressure vessel module layer and preferably also forms one or more overlying, in particular gapless, upper pressure vessel module layers.
  • the pressure vessel modules of the upper pressure vessel module layers are preferably each arranged without offset above the respective pressure vessel modules of the pressure vessel module layer lying on the substrate, and particularly preferably at a certain angle, in particular an angle of 360 °, with respect to them.
  • n degrees rotated about its longitudinal axis. A rotation of 360 / n degrees with a regular polygonal cross section with n corners ensures that the corners of pressure vessel modules arranged one above the other always remain congruent.
  • the underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir comprises a plurality, in particular a plurality, of individual pressure vessel modules in a modular arrangement.
  • at least 3 pressure vessel modules are included, preferably at least 10 pressure vessel modules are included, particularly preferably at least 50 pressure vessel modules are included, even more preferably at least 100 pressure vessel modules are included.
  • the individual pressure vessel modules are preferably designed to be identical. In this way, the manufacturing costs can be reduced, in particular if the pressure vessel modules are manufactured or can be manufactured using a sliding construction.
  • the inside of the pressure vessel modules preferably have a pressure guide structure in order to ensure or increase the pressure resistance of the container with respect to the water pressure acting on the pressure vessel modules from the outside.
  • the pressure guide structure is preferably formed monolithically with the outer wall, in particular manufactured or can be manufactured in one cast with the outer wall.
  • the pressure control structure can Include struts which connect the inner surfaces of the outer wall to one another.
  • the pressure guide structure can comprise curved or round surface sections of the inner surface of the outer wall.
  • the pressure guiding structure can comprise approximately circular cylindrical inner surfaces, which can divert the pressure through their rounding.
  • the pressure vessel modules comprise, in particular in a cross section, a multiplicity of cavities with wall elements located between them.
  • the cavities are preferably cylindrical and particularly preferably run along the longitudinal direction of the pressure vessel modules. It can be provided here that the wall elements located between the cavities simultaneously form or contribute to the pressure guiding structure.
  • the wall elements located between the cavities can be honeycomb-shaped, in particular in cross section.
  • the cavities can be arranged in such a way that, in particular in a cross section, a regular grid is created, in particular according to the structure of a hexagonal axis system.
  • the cavities can be arranged, for example, such that a plurality of outer cavities adjoining the outer wall annularly surround one or more inner cavities.
  • there can be, for example, an innermost cavity, which is annularly surrounded by further cavities, wherein the further cavities can in turn be annularly surrounded by further cavities.
  • the aforementioned struts which connect the inner surfaces of the outer wall and / or the aforementioned wall sections which are located between inner cavities can be made thinner than the outer wall of the pressure vessel modules. Furthermore, the struts and / or wall sections between inner cavities can also be made thinner than wall sections which are located between outer cavities. In the event that several cavities are provided, these are preferably connected to one another via a connecting channel or connecting channels, in particular on the underside of the pressure vessel modules, in order to form a common pressure storage volume. This makes it possible to operate the pressure vessel module with a single turbine, pump and / or pump turbine.
  • one of the cavities in particular a cavity arranged in a corner of a pressure vessel module with a substantially regular polygonal shape in cross section, can be opened outwards, in particular upwards, in order to open the flow opening for admission and / or letting out water to form.
  • This cavity forming the throughflow opening preferably has a thicker wall thickness than the other cavities.
  • the pressure vessel modules arranged in the bottom depression are preferably each equipped with a turbine, pump and / or pump turbine at their flow opening, so that when the dry bottom depression is flooded with water, the underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir can be operated in such a way that electrical energy is obtained is when water is let into the pressure vessel modules from the flooded bottom recess, and electrical energy is stored when water is discharged from the pressure vessel modules into the flooded bottom recess.
  • the turbine, pump and / or pump turbine can be arranged in the interior of the cavity forming the flow opening, in particular with a thicker wall, particularly preferably at its lower end, with the connecting channel (s) of the Cavities run.
  • the invention also relates to an underwater pumped storage power plant in a flooded ground depression, in particular a sea, a lake or an artificial lake, comprising an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir at the bottom of the ground depression, the underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir being designed in particular as described above . ok
  • the underwater pumped storage power plant which is arranged in a water-filled depression in the ground, preferably comprises an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir with a modular arrangement of several individual pressure vessel modules for the intermediate storage of electrical energy from other power plants, in particular wind turbines and / or photovoltaic systems, whereby the pressure vessel modules each have an outer wall with at least one flow opening for the inlet and / or outlet of water, in such a way that the pressure vessel modules can each be filled with water and / or pumped empty independently of one another when the dry ground depression is flooded with water, and the modular Arrangement of the pressure vessel modules is designed in such a way that the pressure vessel modules are arranged with their outer wall flatly adjacent to one another, in particular without any gaps, in the dry but floodable floor depression are net.
  • the invention also relates to a pressure vessel module for modular arrangement in a dry but floodable ground depression and / or for lowering in an already flooded ground depression, in particular for the construction of an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir and / or an underwater pumped storage power plant according to the above statements.
  • the pressure vessel module described below can therefore in particular comprise one or more of the features mentioned in connection with the underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir.
  • the pressure vessel module has at least one throughflow opening for letting in and / or letting out water, such that the pressure vessel module can be filled with water and / or pumped out when the dry ground depression is flooded with water.
  • the pressure vessel module is preferably shaped in such a way that the outer wall of the pressure vessel module can be arranged flatly adjacent to one another, in particular without gaps, to form one or more structurally identical further pressure vessel modules.
  • the pressure vessel module is accordingly shaped in such a way that the pressure vessel module can adjoin, in particular touch, another structurally identical pressure vessel module with a flat, ie two-dimensional, area of its outer wall.
  • the terms flat Adjacent or touching are to be interpreted in the sense of this application in such a way that the pressure vessel module cannot only adjoin another structurally identical pressure vessel module only at points or only along a line, i.e. one-dimensionally, as would be the case, for example, if two spherical vessels adjoin or two parallel circular cylindrical containers are adjacent to each other.
  • the pressure vessel module is characterized in that a flat part of its outer surface can be brought into contact with a flat part of the outer surface of a further, structurally identical pressure vessel module.
  • the pressure vessel module defines a longitudinal direction such that the outer wall of the pressure vessel module has a jacket surrounding the longitudinal direction with an outer jacket surface.
  • the pressure vessel module is preferably designed to be cylindrical at least over a section along its longitudinal direction, such that the outer jacket surface along the section of the longitudinal direction has a shape that is constant in cross section, in particular angular or polygonal.
  • the subsection is preferably at least 25 percent, particularly preferably at least 50 percent, even more preferably at least 75 percent, of the longitudinal extent of the pressure vessel modules along the longitudinal direction.
  • the pressure vessel module preferably has a constant cross-section at least over a partial section along its longitudinal direction and / or can be manufactured or manufactured in a sliding construction at least over a partial section along its longitudinal direction.
  • the subsection is again preferably at least 25 percent, particularly preferably at least 50 percent, even more preferably at least 75 percent, of the longitudinal extent of the pressure vessel modules along the longitudinal direction.
  • the outer surface of the pressure vessel module in particular the jacket surface of the pressure vessel module, in particular comprises planar surface sections or consists of planar surface sections.
  • the pressure vessel module preferably has a pressure guide structure, in particular formed monolithically with the outer wall.
  • the pressure guiding structure preferably comprises struts which connect the inner surfaces of the outer wall and / or arcuate or round surface sections of the inner surface of the outer wall.
  • the pressure vessel module comprises, in particular in a cross section, a multiplicity of cavities with wall elements located between them.
  • the cavities are preferably cylindrical and particularly preferably run along the longitudinal direction of the pressure vessel module. It can be provided here that the wall elements located between the cavities form or contribute to the pressure control structure.
  • the wall elements can, for example, be honeycomb-shaped.
  • the cavities can be arranged in such a way that, in particular in a cross section, a regular grid is formed, in particular according to the structure of a hexagonal axis system, preferably a plurality of adjacent ones to the outer wall outer cavities annularly surround one or more inner cavities.
  • the aforementioned struts that connect the inner surfaces of the outer wall and / or the aforementioned wall sections that are located between inner cavities can be made thinner than wall sections that are located between outer cavities and / or be made thinner than the outer wall of the pressure vessel module.
  • these are preferably connected to one another via a connecting channel or connecting channels, in particular on the underside of the pressure vessel module.
  • one of the cavities in particular a cavity arranged in a corner of a pressure vessel module with a substantially regular polygonal cross-section, can be directed outwards, in particular upwards, to be opened to form the flow opening for admitting and / or discharging water.
  • This cavity forming the throughflow opening preferably has a thicker wall thickness than the other cavities.
  • the pressure vessel module is preferably equipped with a turbine, pump and / or pump turbine at its flow opening, so that when the dry ground depression is flooded with water, the pressure vessel module can be operated in such a way that electrical energy is obtained when water from the flooded ground depression in the pressure vessel module is let in, and electrical energy is stored when water is discharged from the pressure vessel module into the flooded ground depression.
  • the turbine, pump and / or pump turbine can be arranged in the interior of the cavity forming the flow opening, particularly preferably at its lower end, with the connecting channel (s) of the cavities preferably also running below the turbine, pump and / or pump turbine.
  • the pressure vessel module can be designed to be stackable, in particular in such a way that it can be placed onto a further, in particular structurally identical, pressure vessel module from above.
  • the pressure vessel module can have an upper side which is planar at least in regions and / or an underside which is planar in at least some regions.
  • the pressure vessel module preferably has such a symmetry that, rotated by a certain angle, in particular an angle of 360 / n degrees, it can be placed on an underlying, in particular structurally identical, pressure vessel module, where n is the number of corners of an essentially regular polygonal cross section of the Pressure vessel module referred to.
  • the dead weight of the pressure vessel module can be large enough that the pressure vessel module does not float.
  • the pressure vessel module can be designed to be floatable.
  • a floatable module can be lowered in such a way that it can be placed on a further pressure vessel module which is already located on the subsurface of a flooded floor depression. It can be provided that a pressure vessel module is anchored and / or weighted on the ground in order to compensate for the buoyancy.
  • the outer shape of the pressure vessel module can in particular be designed in such a way that no buoyancy forces can act on its side.
  • the pressure vessel module can have a cylindrical shape in such a way that the lateral surface directed to the side runs perpendicularly.
  • drainage can also be provided underneath a pressure vessel module in the floor depression, in particular in order to reduce or prevent a buoyancy force acting on the underside of the module by pumping water underground.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir shown in section in a depression in the ground.
  • FIG. 2 shows a plan view of an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir with ten pressure vessel modules, shown in section.
  • FIG. 3 shows a plan view of an underwater pumped storage power plant reservoir with eleven pressure vessel module groups, shown in section.
  • Fig. 4 (a) is a plan view of a pressure vessel module shown in section with a
  • Pressure control structure with struts (b) a plan view of a pressure vessel module shown in section with a pressure control structure with round inner walls,
  • FIG. 5 shows a plan view of a pressure vessel module, shown in section, with a large number of flea spaces with wall elements that contribute to the pressure control structure
  • FIG. 6 shows a plan view of a pressure vessel module, shown in section, with a large number of flea spaces with wall elements of different thicknesses
  • 7 shows a side view of a pressure vessel module shown in AA section
  • FIGS. 9a and 9b show a side view of two stacked pressure vessel modules shown in section according to FIGS. 9a and 9b,
  • FIG. 11 shows a side view of a flooded floor depression shown in section with two pressure vessel modules arranged on the ground, a pressure vessel module lowered thereon and a floating pressure vessel module.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates schematically the modular structure of a reservoir 10 for an underwater pumped storage power plant (UW-PSKW).
  • UW-PSKW underwater pumped storage power plant
  • Several individual pressure vessel modules 100 are arranged next to one another in the dry bottom depression 1 in order to form the UW-PSKW reservoir 10.
  • a distance A is drawn between the pressure vessel modules and the two right modules are bordered with a dashed line.
  • the modules 100 can, however, actually be arranged in such a way that the distance A essentially disappears, so that the pressure vessel modules adjoin one another area or touch one another area.
  • the depression 1 is in particular a not yet flooded open-cast mine in which an underwater PSKW is constructed in a modular manner.
  • the UW-PSKW reservoir 10, which forms an overall cavity system, can be up to 4 km long and 1 km wide in the Hambach opencast mine, for example.
  • the individual modules 100 which can also be referred to as segments, can have an exemplary size of up to 300 m edge length or diameter and approximately 100 to 250 m in height. These quantities are of course only to be understood as examples.
  • the reservoir 10 and / or the modules 100 can also have other dimensions.
  • the reservoir 10 comprises a plurality of pressure vessel modules 100, of which at least some can be constructed identically, for example in FIG. 1 the two left pressure vessel modules and the two right pressure vessel modules.
  • a pressure vessel module 100 has an outer wall 110 which surrounds one or more inner cavities 200 which serve as pressure storage volumes. Furthermore, a module 100 has in each case a throughflow opening 150 in order to let water into and / or let out water into the cavities 200 (see FIG. 7ff).
  • the modules 100 arranged in the floor depression 1 border one another flatly at least with a part of their outer wall 110. In the example shown in Fig. 1, both the left pressure vessel modules 100 and the two right pressure vessel modules 100 are each opposed to each other with mutually facing planar surface sections 120 of the outer wall 110, and particularly abut each other when there is no distance A between the modules 100 .
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 shown in section from above in FIG. 1 each define a longitudinal direction 102, which here runs vertically in the image plane and / or to the substrate of the floor depression 1 (for the longitudinal direction 102, see also FIG. 7ff).
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 have a lateral surface 130, which each comprises a plurality of planar surface sections 120 or is composed of such, wherein the lateral surface 130 in cross section, as can be seen in FIG. 1, can be designed as a polygon, for example , which in particular along the longitudinal direction 102 at least in sections remains the same shape and / which remains congruent.
  • a jacket or cross-section (see also FIGS. 5, 6) that is constant at least in sections along the longitudinal direction 102 allows, in particular, a cost-effective production of the pressure vessel modules 100 in a sliding construction.
  • a whole module or at least sections of it can be produced with a simple sliding formwork.
  • the sliding formwork can also be reused. This enables a cost-effective production of a plurality of structurally identical modules 100.
  • a plurality of modules can advantageously be produced one after the other with one formwork.
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 have a longitudinal extent which need not be the longest extent of the pressure vessel modules 100. Rather can
  • the longitudinal direction 102 of the pressure vessel module 100 is characterized in that the module 100 is at least partially cylindrical along this direction, i.e. has a constant outer contour, and / or has a constant cross section along this direction.
  • the longitudinal direction 102 of the pressure vessel modules 100 can also be characterized in that elongated cavities 200 extend along this direction in the interior of the pressure vessel module and / or that the pressure vessel modules 100 are designed to be placed vertically along this direction.
  • FIG. 2 shows a UW-PSKW reservoir 10 with a plurality of pressure vessel modules 100 which are flatly adjacent to one another and which form a pressure vessel module group 20.
  • the side surfaces are designed to be serrated and the teeth of adjacent side surfaces of adjacent modules 100 interlock.
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 are arranged regularly (here hexagonally) and form a gapless pressure vessel module layer 50, which, for example, can be arranged directly on the subsurface of an opencast mine. Above the pressure vessel module layer 50, one or more further upper pressure vessel module layers can be arranged.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further UW-PSKW reservoir 10 with a pressure vessel module layer 50, which in this case comprises a plurality of pressure vessel module groups 20, which in turn comprise a plurality of pressure vessel modules 100 (as shown in FIG. 2).
  • the pressure vessel module groups 20 are again regularly arranged and can be positioned adjacent to one another in such a way that a gapless pressure vessel module layer 50 is created, on which one or more further upper pressure vessel module layers 50 can be arranged if necessary.
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 show two pressure vessel modules 100 which have a hexagonal shape in cross section, the jacket surface 130 of which comprises six planar surface sections 120 in a hexagonal shape.
  • the pressure vessel modules 100 have a pressure control structure 250 inside.
  • the pressure guide structure can in particular be made in one piece with the outer wall 110 of Pressure vessel modules 100 may be formed, namely, for example, produced together with the outer wall 1100 in a sliding construction.
  • the module 100 shown in FIG. 4a has struts 252 (which can also be designed as prefabricated parts), which divert the water pressure (shown here as an arrow) acting on the outer wall 110 and thus increase the compressive strength of the pressure vessel module 100.
  • the module 100 shown in FIG. 4b has an outer wall 110 with a round inner surface 254.
  • the pressure vessel module 100 has a multiplicity of regularly arranged flea spaces 200, with wall elements 220 being located between the flea spaces 200, which form a pressure guide structure 250, which in this case is configured in a honeycomb shape.
  • the fleas 200 are cylindrical and run along the longitudinal direction 102 of the pressure vessel module 100.
  • the module 100 comprises a group of standing (possibly also lying) cylindrical or cylinder-like hollow bodies, or consists of such, the hollow bodies together forming a firing position unit .
  • the module 100 has 37 cylinder tubes (or flea spaces 200). Depending on the diameter of the individual tubes (or flea spaces 200), their number can be increased or decreased (e.g. flexagonal shapes with 13, or 19, or 25 or more tubes can be selected), whereby preferably an inner flea space is surrounded in a ring by further flea spaces, in particular in such a way that a pressure vessel module with an essentially polygonal geometry is created.
  • the cylinder-like hollow bodies (or the flea spaces 200 and wall elements 220 in between) have, in particular, symmetrical shapes in order to achieve a modular structure with the largest possible internal cavity for water and to optimally distribute the pressure forces (water pressure) acting on the module over the entire group of modules.
  • These cylinder-like hollow bodies (or flea spaces 200) can have tube-like, honeycomb-like or other polygon-like shapes.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further pressure vessel module 100 which, in cross section, has an essentially polygonal shape with serrated side walls with planar surface sections 120.
  • the cavities 200 are again tubular here.
  • this module 100 has differently shaped cavities 200 or wall elements 220 of different thicknesses.
  • the cavities 200 which are arranged in the interior (cavities 200a, 200b, 200c) there are thinner wall elements 220 than between cavities which adjoin the outer wall 110 (cavities 200d). This is possible because there is no pressure difference between the inner cavities (or tubes), so that the wall elements 220 between these inner cavities can be made relatively thin.
  • the wall elements 200 which are located between the outer cavities 200d, are made thicker because they may have to withstand the external pressure.
  • the tubular cavities 200d arranged on the outside also contribute to the pressure guide structure 250 with a round inner surface.
  • the cavities 200d can have round symmetry on the inside and their walls can be correspondingly reinforced (corresponding to the individual cavity in FIG. 4b) or else have internal struts 252 (corresponding to FIG. 4a).
  • the inner struts can be designed monolithically with the outer wall, in particular can be achieved with the sliding formwork or, for example, can also be designed as prefabricated parts.
  • the compressive strength can be increased so that the thickness of the walls in the outer area can be reduced.
  • the module 100 can in particular have a honeycomb-like structure, in the example shown it comprises 37 cylinder tubes, whereby when the diameter of the individual tubes is reduced, these numbers can be increased according to the tube symmetry (e.g. honeycomb).
  • connecting holes can also be provided in the wall elements between the cavities 200 and 200a-200d, through which a pressure equalization between the cavities 200a-200d is possible.
  • the cavity 210 which is preferably arranged in a corner, has a thicker wall. As will be described in more detail below, this cavity 210 is outward opens and forms the flow opening 150 from the outside to the inside of the module 100.
  • This hollow space 210 which in turn is possibly tubular, is accordingly exposed from the inside to the high water pressure at the bottom of the depression (up to 45 bar in the Hambach opencast mine).
  • This cavity, which forms the flow opening can be reinforced accordingly by reinforcement, for example by carbon threads, iron, special concrete, etc.
  • FIG. 7 shows the pressure vessel module 100 shown in FIG. 6 in an A-A section (see FIG. 6).
  • the cavities 200 (200a-200d) and 210 are cylindrical and run along the longitudinal direction 102 of the module 100.
  • the outer wall 110 of the pressure vessel module 100 includes closures 112 designed as covers, which serve in particular to close off the tubular cavities .
  • the closures (cover 112) at the upper end of the tubes can be designed as a dome, e.g. in Romanesque or Gothic shape, etc., in order to withstand the water pressure.
  • the diameter of the tubes can be calculated accordingly.
  • the cavities 200 (200a-200d) are connected to one another via one or more connecting channels 230, in particular at the lower end of the module 100 (low-pressure side).
  • the module 100 can be operated by a single pump turbine 215.
  • the reinforced cavity 210 connects the upper reservoir (upper lake, flooded bottom depression) with the pump turbine 215.
  • the pump turbine 215 is preferably arranged at the lower end of the cavity 210. In this way, the high water pressure (proportional to the water depth) existing at the lower end of the tube 210 can drive the turbine and generate electricity when the water flows into the tubes 200a-200d. To store energy, the water in the tubes 200a-200d is pumped out by the pump against the high water pressure and raised to the surface of the upper reservoir (upper lake, flooded bottom depression).
  • each module 100 can be operated independently in an arrangement consisting of several modules 100.
  • the pump turbine 215 can in each case be mounted at the lower end of the upwardly open tubular flea spaces 210. For assembly, they can be lowered through the pipes 210 on a steel cable and precisely mounted on the suction surface with the help of a robot (or similar).
  • a robot or similar.
  • the tubes can be filled with water and thus the same pressure can be achieved inside and outside of the pump turbine 215, so that the pump turbine 215 can be brought back to the water surface with the steel cable and serviced there (maintenance of the pump turbine by Pulling the pump turbine up to the surface of the water).
  • the pump turbine 215 is connected to the outside world by a power cable.
  • a valve 216 is preferably provided in order to interrupt the water connection (not shown in FIG. 7, see FIG. 8).
  • FIG. 8 shows an alternative construction, a pressure vessel module 100 with a foundation 260 into which the reinforced flea space 210 extends.
  • the pump turbine 215 is again located between the flea space 210 and the throughflow opening 150.
  • an access path 270 in particular under or in the foundation 260, is provided, e.g. for maintenance services on the pump turbine 215, inspection rounds and / or in the event of a repair or cleaning in the base plate.
  • the access route can be made so large that the pump turbine 215 can be replaced by means of (possibly special) trucks. In other words, as in salt mines or also within dam walls, a dry access to the pump turbine 215 can be provided.
  • the foundation 260 if necessary with accesses for maintenance and control services (partly also possible with video cameras), can be built and then the outer wall 110 and the wall elements 220, ie the tubes, in a concreting process using slipform technology can be erected in one operation.
  • This technology also allows, if required, to process different concrete quality or metal parts or plastics at the corresponding points.
  • the amount of concrete to be processed can be reduced noticeably.
  • the finished module can be weighted down with stones or earth, for example.
  • the module can also be anchored in the ground.
  • buoyancy forces can advantageously be prevented by the concrete shape of the entire module 100, in particular by a cylindrical geometry.
  • a modular construction of a UW-PSKW reservoir 10 or an expansion of an UW-PSKW reservoir 10 can also take place if the ground depression 1 has already been flooded or filled with water 3.
  • a pressure vessel module 100 can be produced in a dock as a floating body.
  • the height of the module 100 (and the tubes) can be calculated so that the module 100 remains buoyant and can be brought to other places floating on the water surface of the water 3 and can be made to sink there by the water inlet so that it drops exactly at a desired point in order to form an arrangement of pressure vessel modules 100 for a reservoir 10 on the bottom 2 of the floor depression 1 or to expand an existing reservoir 10 (see FIG. 11).
  • FIG. 9a the pump turbine 215 can in turn be sunk accordingly through the tube 210 and connected to the system.
  • the full water pressure of the flooded lake eg 45 bar at a depth of 450 m
  • FIG. 9b now shows a pressure vessel module 100 'which has a through cavity 212 which is arranged in particular in a corner of a polygonal module 100, as does the reinforced cavity 210.
  • the module 100' shown in FIG. 9a in particular by lowering it in the already flooded floor depression (see FIG. 10).
  • guide rods or rails can be provided on the modules.
  • two or more modules 100 ′ can also be stacked on a lower module 100. It can accordingly be provided that a further upper pressure vessel module layer is arranged on the lower layer 50. Furthermore, a third and, if necessary, further layers can be added so that the depth of the lake can be used to the full.
  • the cavity 210 of the lower module 100 is preferably connected to the through cavity 212 of the upper module 100 ′, so that in particular the turbine access and the water access on the high pressure side of the modules below remain free upwards.
  • a lowering and, if necessary, a stacked construction of modules can be used in particular in flooded lakes or seas in order to set up a UW-PSWK.
  • the construction of pressure vessel modules 100 and / or a reservoir 10 is made possible with little construction material, since only outer tubes of a module or possibly even only the outer tubes of a gapless arrangement are exposed to the water pressure (as well as the lids of the Tubes).
  • the useful volume for storage can be optimized through the segmentation and the two-dimensionally adjacent arrangement. If necessary, buoyancy can be compensated for by weighting it with excavated earth.
  • the invention allows the construction of a pumped storage power plant in opencast mines in such a way that the pumped storage power plant remains completely invisible after flooding to the lake, so that the flooded lake can be used as a recreational area. Furthermore, pumped storage power plants of almost gigantic size (in the Hambach opencast mine e.g.
  • approx. 400 GWh for one filling cycle can be built, whereby these are preferably built in an open pit on the bottom of the open pit in order to achieve the highest possible water pressure level, which also increases the pressure fluctuations at the Turbine reduced by less than 40%.
  • the modularity of the arrangement of many in the Hambach opencast mine e.g. up to approx. 500 or more
  • independently and water-wise separated turbine units which have such a high output that sufficient short-term storage capacity (total output e.g. approx. 100 GW) is made available can, in order to technologically enable an energy turnaround in Germany.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
  • Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un réservoir de centrale d'accumulation par pompage subaquatique modulaire situé dans une fosse sèche mais submersible, en particulier dans une mine à ciel ouvert abandonnée ou non exploitée, comprenant : un agencement modulaire de plusieurs modules de type contenants sous pression conçus pour le stockage intermédiaire d'énergie électrique provenant d'autres centrales électriques, en particulier d'éoliennes et/ou d'installations photovoltaïques, les modules de type contenants comprenant respectivement une paroi extérieure comportant au moins une ouverture de passage servant à admettre et/ou évacuer de l'eau, de sorte que ces modules de type contenants puissent être remplis d'eau et/ou vidés par pompage, respectivement de manière indépendante les uns des autres, lorsque la fosse sèche est remplie d'eau, l'agencement modulaire de modules de type contenants sous pression étant conçu de manière que ces modules de type contenants sous pression soient agencés les uns par rapport aux autres de sorte que leur paroi extérieure soit adjacente, en particulier sans vide dans la fosse sèche mais submersible.
EP21724213.0A 2020-04-30 2021-04-30 Réservoir de centrale d'accumulation par pompage subaquatique modulaire Pending EP4143429A1 (fr)

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DE102020111844.9A DE102020111844A1 (de) 2020-04-30 2020-04-30 Modulares Unterwasser-Pumpspeicherkraftwerk-Reservoir
PCT/EP2021/061424 WO2021219854A1 (fr) 2020-04-30 2021-04-30 Réservoir de centrale d'accumulation par pompage subaquatique modulaire

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EP (1) EP4143429A1 (fr)
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DE102021004099A1 (de) 2020-04-30 2021-11-11 Gerhard Luther Pumpspeicherkraftwerk mit einem von einer Ringstaumauer umschlossenen Speicherbecken
DE102021002150A1 (de) 2021-04-23 2022-10-27 Gerhard Luther Pumpspeicherkraftwerk mit variabler Parallel-Serienschaltung von Pumpturbinen zur Ausschöpfung eines hohen Speicherbeckens
DE102022203461A1 (de) 2022-04-06 2023-10-12 Rolf-Josef Schwartz Pumpspeicherwerk, Verfahren zum Errichten eines Pumpspeicherwerks, Verfahren zur Nutzung eines Pumpspeicherwerks
DE202022101855U1 (de) 2022-04-06 2023-07-10 Rolf-Josef Schwartz Pumpspeicherwerk und Pumpspeicher-Wasserkraftanlage
DE102022131342A1 (de) 2022-11-28 2024-05-29 Roentdek - Handels GmbH Maschineneinheit für ein Unterwasser-Pumpspeicherkraftwerk-Reservoir

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DE102011013329A1 (de) 2011-03-08 2012-09-13 Roentdek-Handels Gmbh Pumpspeicherkraftwerk
DE102011118206A1 (de) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Roentdek-Handels Gmbh Pumpspeicherkraftwerk
DE102012110662A1 (de) * 2012-11-07 2014-05-08 Alexander Eyhorn Pumpspeicher-Wasserkraftwerk und Energieerzeugungs- und Speichersystem mit einem solchen Kraftwerk
CN105927455A (zh) * 2016-06-29 2016-09-07 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 一种利用海底压力能的储水发电系统
CN108867585A (zh) * 2018-07-10 2018-11-23 中煤能源研究院有限责任公司 利用废弃露天矿与地面空间联合进行抽水蓄能的系统及方法
DE102019118725A1 (de) 2019-07-10 2021-01-14 Gerhard Luther Verfahren zur Errichtung eines Pumpspeicherkraftwerks in einer Bodenvertiefung, insbesondere in einer Tagebaugrube
DE102019118726B4 (de) 2019-07-10 2021-04-01 Gerhard Luther Verfahren zur vorläufigen Nutzung eines zumindest teilweise errichteten unteren Reservoirs für ein Unterwasser-Pumpspeicherkraftwerk

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