EP4141212A1 - Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern - Google Patents

Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4141212A1
EP4141212A1 EP21192508.6A EP21192508A EP4141212A1 EP 4141212 A1 EP4141212 A1 EP 4141212A1 EP 21192508 A EP21192508 A EP 21192508A EP 4141212 A1 EP4141212 A1 EP 4141212A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
drilling
rock
tunnel
geological
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21192508.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pekka Salminen
Jouko Muona
Pekka Laine
Juha-Matti MYLLYLÄ
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Original Assignee
Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy filed Critical Sandvik Mining and Construction Oy
Priority to EP21192508.6A priority Critical patent/EP4141212A1/de
Priority to PCT/EP2022/072796 priority patent/WO2023025611A1/en
Publication of EP4141212A1 publication Critical patent/EP4141212A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/02—Drilling rigs characterised by means for land transport with their own drive, e.g. skid mounting or wheel mounting
    • E21B7/022—Control of the drilling operation; Hydraulic or pneumatic means for activation or operation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/006—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries by making use of blasting methods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus for designing or editing a drilling pattern for a tunnel.
  • the invention further relates to a method and computer program product for visualizing a drilling pattern of tunnel when designing or editing the drilling pattern.
  • the mining tunnel may be a production tunnel or a connection tunnel. Tunnels are also excavated in a so called construction tunneling method wherein tunnel are excavated for road and railway traffic paths.
  • the tunnels are typically created by implementing a drill and blast method, wherein blast holes are first drilled to a rock surface and the blast holes are then charged with explosives and are blasted. Thereafter broken rock material is removed, and a new round is again drilled, charged, and blasted.
  • the tunnel advances in several successive rounds.
  • drilling patterns for the rounds there is typically a limited amount of data available on properties of rock surrounding the already excavated part of the tunnel. Furthermore, the possible data that is available is difficult to utilize in the design process of the drilling pattern.
  • the present solutions contain some disadvantages regarding effective design process and ability to provide useful data.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a novel and improved solution for planning and editing drilling patterns.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the first independent apparatus claim.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the independent method claim.
  • the computer program product according to the invention is characterized by the characterizing features of the second independent apparatus claim.
  • the disclosed apparatus comprises one or more data processing devices for executing at least one design program for producing drilling pattern data.
  • the apparatus also comprises an input device for feeding data for the apparatus for supporting the design process executed by means of the apparatus.
  • the apparatus is configured to present the produced drilling pattern data on at least one display device for an operator.
  • the apparatus is provided with geological data indicating rock characteristics of rock material at examined location of the tunnel and is configured to combine the geological data with the drilling pattern data. Further the apparatus visualizes the combined data on the display device.
  • An advantage of the disclosed solution is that geological data is visualized in an intuitive manner on the screen whereby the operator is provided with valuable data for making decisions and controlling the designing and editing process of the drilling pattern.
  • the operator is provided with better understanding on surrounding rock material and geological circumstances. Thereby quality of drilling patterns may be improved, and the excavation may be executed more effectively and in accordance with the detected rock characteristics. Further, the design and editing process is facilitated and quickened.
  • the apparatus and the disclosed solution can be implemented also when designing drilling patterns for excavating other underground spaces than tunnels.
  • the solution may be utilized for production tunnels and spaces in mines as well as for traffic tunnels and spaces.
  • the tunnels, storages and other spaces may or may not be underground structures.
  • the disclosed solution can be implemented when designing totally new drilling patterns and when editing already existing drilling patterns.
  • the drilling pattern data may relate to both.
  • design may relate to new design and to design by editing. In many cases already existing drilling patterns are re-used in edited form.
  • the mentioned geological data indicating the geological rock characteristics comprises data on at least one of the following features: hardness of the rock material, blastability of the rock material, changes in geological structure or layers.
  • the geological data may also be called as a Rock Mass Mapping (RMM) data.
  • the apparatus is configured to present one or more rock mass data views (RMM views) on a display screen together with drilling pattern views or profile views of the excavated tunnel or space.
  • RMM views rock mass data views
  • the mentioned views may be shown in superimposed manner in one image element.
  • the apparatus is provided with input geological data.
  • the apparatus receives geological data which is produced externally to the apparatus and is input for the design program for presenting the geological data together with the drilling pattern data.
  • the externally produced Geo-calculus may comprise several and versatile survey methods and analysis and may provide improved understanding of geological circumstances.
  • the geological data includes manually examined data provided by a geologist.
  • the data may be based on visual examinations, material testing, exploration drillings and other geological methods.
  • the data produced by the geologist may be presented simultaneously and in a superimposed manner with the drilling pattern data on the display device.
  • the geological data includes image data or scanned data on surfaces of the tunnel.
  • the produced optical data may be analyzed by means of image processing programs, utilizing photogrammetry techniques and programs, or the image data may be analyzed manually by a geologist.
  • the output of the analysis, or processed images or scanning results may be input to the apparatus which may then display them together with the drilling pattern data and data on selected rounds of the tunnel.
  • the scanning may comprise photo scanning and time-of-flight type scanning.
  • the apparatus is provided with at least one input geological data set. Then the apparatus extrapolates the geological data for unexcavated rock material surrounding the already excavated realized portion of the tunnel in response to the input data set. In other words, the apparatus executes rock mapping for at least one rock material zone or portion locating outside the realized tunnel portion and implements the outcome of the extrapolation when providing design data for designing the drilling pattern.
  • the apparatus can produce rock mapping view also for areas between drill holes.
  • the mentioned input geological data set includes measuring while drilling data (MWD) gathered by means of a rock drilling rig during drilling of drill holes of the tunnel.
  • the apparatus detects properties of the drilled rock material at each examined drill hole in response to the measuring while drilling data, and then the apparatus extrapolates properties of rock material at surrounding zones outside the drilled holes in response to the detected properties of the drilled material.
  • the gathered geological data is thereby based on realized data i.e., it is drilling based data.
  • the apparatus is provided with measuring while drilling (MWD) data from one or more other rock drilling rigs operating at the same or neighboring work site.
  • MWD measuring while drilling
  • the received data may alternatively be any other valuable sensing data relating to the properties of the rock and received from other excavation or exploration vehicles or machines.
  • the input geological data comprises measuring data on additional drilled holes other than drill holes drilled on a face of a round of the tunnel.
  • the mentioned drill holes being other than the face drill holes may be probe drill holes drilled longer in the direction of the tunnel than blast holes at the face, injection drill holes drilled angularly outside the round and relating to rock reinforcing, and rock bolting drill holes drilled transversally to the excavated tunnels in fan-shaped patterns. Drilling the mentioned additional drill holes other than the blast holes provides valuable additional data for evaluating properties of the unexcavated surrounding rock material.
  • Measuring data gathered by production rock drilling rigs may also include valuable data on rock characteristics wherefore this data may also be input to the apparatus and be considered when presenting geo data.
  • the geological data is a combination of at least two different geological data or data sets received from different sources and based on different observed parameters.
  • the disclosed embodiment can utilize multi source integration of data i.e., data having different origin is implemented. An advantage is that accuracy of the estimation can be improved when several data sets can be used.
  • the apparatus is configured to extrapolate properties of unexcavated rock material in the direction of the tunnel and to present the output of the extrapolation as the geological data and together with a face drilling pattern data.
  • geological data is presented on the display for facilitating designing or editing the drilling pattern for blast holes on a face of a new round to be drilled.
  • rock characteristics of the surrounding rock mass can be estimated properly by means of the rock mass mapping presented in this application, it is possible to recognize ore bodies and ore lodes, and to then orientate the tunnel towards them.
  • the rock mapping may indicate if directions of known ore lodes change. Then new drilling pattern can be updated by making needed amendments in accordance with the detected changes in rock mass. This way more cost effective excavation is possible since amount of gangue can be decreased.
  • the disclosed solution may also be implemented in a so called narrow vein mining wherein narrow vein drifts are produced in situations when ore is distributed in narrow veins. Especially in the narrow vein mining it is essential to recognize the changes in the rock mass and to react them quickly.
  • the apparatus is configured to visualize geological data surrounding the already excavated portion of the tunnel and to thereby provide assisting data for designing a drilling pattern for rock bolts for executing rock reinforcing.
  • the apparatus may assist an operator in one or more of the following: determining rock bolting density i.e., distances between rock bolt holes; defining directions of the rock bolt holes; and dimensioning lengths of the rock bolt holes.
  • the apparatus may suggest decreasing the distances between the rock bolt holes at areas or zones where soft or fragmented rock material is shown. Further, the apparatus may suggest correcting directions, and may suggest increasing lengths of the rock bolting holes at zones having poor strength or changes in rock layers.
  • the apparatus is configured to extrapolate rock characteristics surrounding an already excavated portion of the tunnel in response to measuring while drilling data gathered during the drilling of the realized portion, and the apparatus is configured to display outcome of the extrapolated rock characteristics on the display device together with data on drilling pattern of rock bolting holes.
  • rock mapping or geological estimation is based on drilling data of blast holes of the examined round, and the results of the rock mapping is utilized when designing or editing the drilling patterns for the rock bolt holes.
  • the apparatus is configured to display on a display device the geological data surrounding a realized portion of the tunnel at several selectable cross sectional locations in the direction of the tunnel. This way valuable data of the rock characteristics is provided for designing or editing rock bolting fans at desired longitudinal locations along the tunnel.
  • the apparatus is provided with a feature allowing the operator to scroll the geological data or rock mass mapping data on the display along the realized mining tunnel.
  • the operator may scroll and provide sliced cross sectional views at desired points in longitudinal direction of the already excavated round or tunnel portion.
  • An advantage of this embodiment is that the scrolling feature provides the operator, in an intuitive manner, with an impression of trends of changes in rock characteristics at surrounding rock material along the tunnel. The notified trends can be taken into consideration when designing drilling patterns for the rock bolt holes.
  • the mentioned scrolling can be done in a graphical user interface or by means of a pointing device, for example.
  • the disclosed solution relates to a method for visualizing a drilling pattern of a tunnel.
  • the method comprises executing a design program in a processing device for generating the drilling pattern; displaying the generated drilling pattern on a display device; providing the design program with geological data indicating rock characteristics of rock material at examined location of the tunnel; and combining the geological data with the drilling pattern data and visualizing the combined data on the display device.
  • the method further comprises producing a blast pattern based on the drilling pattern and by means of the design program. Then the geological data is combined with the blast pattern and the combined data is visualized on the display device.
  • the disclosed solution can be implemented also when creating data for blasting. This way valuable and intuitive data is provided for the operator when designing, editing, and checking the blast patterns.
  • the disclosed solution relates to a computer program product for visualizing a drilling pattern of a tunnel.
  • the computer program product comprises program code means configured to execute the steps and procedures disclosed in this document when being run on a computer or a data processing device.
  • the apparatus is configured to shown different areas of zones with different rock characteristic with different colors or fillings and to thereby improve easy understanding of properties of surrounding rock mass.
  • Figure 1 discloses that drilling patterns 1 comprising data on position, direction, and length of drill holes 2 to be drilled may be designed by operators 3 by means of an apparatus 4 which may be a designing computer or part of control system.
  • the drilling pattern 1 is transmitted to a rock drilling rig 5 comprising a movable carrier 6 and one or more drilling units 7.
  • a tunnel 8 is produced in several successive rounds R, Ra - Rd.
  • the rock drilling rig 5 is positioned at a face 9 of a following round and is connected to a coordinate system of the mine.
  • the rock drilling rig drills the blast holes in accordance with the designed drilling pattern 1, where after the round Ra is blasted and the broken rock material is removed.
  • the mining tunnel line 10 may be provided with peg numbers 11 indicating distance along the mining tunnel line. As can be noted direction of the mining tunnel line 10 may change, whereby it may comprise curves, for example.
  • geological data on surrounding rock mass is examined and visualized for assisting the operator 3 in design and editing process of different drilling patterns 1.
  • the drilling units 7 may be provided with sensors S or measuring devices for producing measuring while drilling (MDW) data 12 during the drilling.
  • the MWD data 12 can be input to the apparatus 4 for providing drilling based data on hardness and other properties of the rock material at the examined round R.
  • a geologist 13 may execute different geological surveys and may produce geological data and data sets, such as a geo map 14 or geological chart or views covering the examined tunnel 8 and its surroundings. The data produced by the geologist 13 may be input to the apparatus 4 and may be utilized therein.
  • the rock drilling rig 5 may be provided with a camera or scanning device 15 for producing data on surfaces of the face 9 and contour surfaces of the excavated rounds R.
  • the produced image or scanning data 16 may also be input to the apparatus 4.
  • the data can be processed and analyzed in the apparatus 4 or externally before the input phase.
  • Figure 2 discloses a possible basic setting of an apparatus 4 for implementing the disclosed solution.
  • the apparatus 4 comprises a data processing device 17 or a processor for executing a design program or algorithm and capable to assist an operator to design and edit drilling and blasting patterns.
  • the apparatus 4 comprises an input device 18 by means of which geological data 19 and data sets can be input.
  • the input device 18 may be used also for feeding required parameters and basic design data 20 for the process.
  • the apparatus 4 may further comprise a user interface UI by means of which an operator may communicate with the apparatus and can make selections and control commands.
  • the apparatus 4 may communicate with external electric devices, such as sensors, servers, and computers, by means of a data communication device DC.
  • the disclosed apparatus 4 is configured to combine 21 the geological data and the drilling pattern data and is capable to show to show the produced combination on one or more display devices for visualizing 22 it.
  • the apparatus 4 may be located at an office, or alternatively it may in connection with an on-board control unit of rock drilling rig.
  • Figure 3 discloses a round R and combined geological data 19 shown as lines 23 indicating changes between different rock characteristics in rock mass.
  • Figure 3 provides an illustration of a geo-changing layout and drilling technical information in the same view.
  • face drilling holes (t-1) are drilled for the round R and an operator or designer of the drilling patterns is considering a new drilling pattern for a face (at t) or is planning bolting measures for t-1.
  • Figure 4 discloses that when drilling face drill holes 2a, sensing data can be produced and utilized for determining properties of rock mass at a round R. Further, when rock bolting drill holes 2b are drilled, also then measuring while drilling data can be produced and recorded. In addition to this, rock mass data in advance direction of the round R can be explored by drilling relatively long probe holes 24. When the rock mass is fragmented or very soft, or comprises voids, there may be a ned drill injection holes 25 for injecting reinforcing material. The drilling of the injection holes 25 may also generate valuable measuring while drilling data which may be utilized as the geological data or data set.
  • Figure 5 is a display view 26 showing a face drilling pattern 1 and geological data 19. As can be seen there may be several areas or zones 27a - 27e with different rock properties. The zones 27 may be shown on the display with different colours for improving easy understanding.
  • Figure 6a discloses a tunnel 8 and a round R wherein face drilling holes 2 are drilled. On the basis of measuring while drilling data gathered during the drilling of the drill holes 2, geological data 19 is produced for the round R.
  • the apparatus disclosed in this document comprises a scrolling feature allowing it to provide sliced views S1, S2 at desired points of the drilled round R. In this example two sliced points S1 and S2 are shown.
  • Figure 6b shows a display view 26a of the sliced point S1
  • Figure 6c shows a display view 26b of the sliced point S2.
  • Figure 7 is a display view 26 showing a drilling pattern 1 and two different type of geological data 19a, 19b superimposed on the drilling pattern.
  • a first geological data 19a may be based on measuring while drilling data and a second geological data 19b may be based on geo mapping produced by a geologist.
  • Figure 8 discloses a display view 26 showing a drilling pattern 1 for bolting drill holes 2b. Geological data 19 with different zones is also presented. Figure 8 shows that at right side distance between the drill holes is minor than at left side because zone 27a indicates softer rock mass.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP21192508.6A 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern Withdrawn EP4141212A1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21192508.6A EP4141212A1 (de) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern
PCT/EP2022/072796 WO2023025611A1 (en) 2021-08-23 2022-08-16 Apparatus, method and software program product for designing drilling patterns

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21192508.6A EP4141212A1 (de) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern

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EP4141212A1 true EP4141212A1 (de) 2023-03-01

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EP21192508.6A Withdrawn EP4141212A1 (de) 2021-08-23 2021-08-23 Vorrichtung, verfahren und software-programmprodukt zum entwurf von bohrmustern

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WO (1) WO2023025611A1 (de)

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014206471A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy Arrangement for controlling percussive drilling process

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014206471A1 (en) * 2013-06-27 2014-12-31 Sandvik Mining And Construction Oy Arrangement for controlling percussive drilling process

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
SANDVIK: "iSURE 8.1 SOFTWARE", 12 March 2021 (2021-03-12), pages 1 - 22, XP055889470, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.rocktechnology.sandvik/en/products/underground-drill-rigs-and-bolters/underground-equipment-support/isure/> [retrieved on 20220209] *
SANDVIK: "iSURE TM software iSURE TM SOFTWARE DRILL AND BLAST INTELLIGENCE", 31 December 2018 (2018-12-31), pages 1 - 16, XP055889477, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:https://www.rocktechnology.sandvik/en/news-and-media/news-archive/2019/10/sandvik-launches-updated-isure-8.0-underground-rock-excavation-software/> [retrieved on 20220209] *

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