EP4127030A1 - The content of a biodegradable and compostable, breathable film and the production process of this film - Google Patents
The content of a biodegradable and compostable, breathable film and the production process of this filmInfo
- Publication number
- EP4127030A1 EP4127030A1 EP20926811.9A EP20926811A EP4127030A1 EP 4127030 A1 EP4127030 A1 EP 4127030A1 EP 20926811 A EP20926811 A EP 20926811A EP 4127030 A1 EP4127030 A1 EP 4127030A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- biodegradable
- compostable
- breathable film
- range
- breathable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2300/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2300/16—Biodegradable polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2367/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2400/00—Characterised by the use of unspecified polymers
- C08J2400/16—Biodegradable polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/02—Starch; Degradation products thereof, e.g. dextrin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2467/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2467/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
- C08K2003/265—Calcium, strontium or barium carbonate
Definitions
- the invention relates to a biodegradable and compostable, breathable film content for use in many areas, particularly in the hygiene and medical sector, and the production process of this film.
- the most important feature of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film the present invention is to be breathable and to have ternary polymer blend.
- the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is obtained as a result of a process involving compound extrusion, film extrusion and stretching steps.
- the problems created by the consumption habits are the common problem of the whole world.
- the sustainability is a concept that can minimize these problems even if they cannot solve completely.
- the sustainability aims to transfer natural resources to the next generations, and while aiming at this, it does not ignore the needs of people.
- Plastics is the third most widely used petroleum-based in the world. More than 200 million tons of plastic are consumed every year, and these plastics are of petroleum origin such as polystyrene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polymethylmethacrylate and polyvinylchloride. It decomposes in nature for over 500 years and this affects the living creatures negatively. In addition, such plastics cause death of marine animals and poultry by being swallowed by them. On the other hand, big piles of rubbish created by these wastes are also environmentally problematic. In the light of this information, biodegradable solutions and bioplastics are subjects open to improvement. Instead of synthetic and non-biodegradable plastics, which cause environmental pollution due to increased dependency on petroleum, there is a great need for plastic materials based on biological raw materials obtained from sources, which are degrading in nature and can be produced repeatedly from nature.
- Bioplastics are made of natural polymers such as agricultural wastes, cellulose, potatoes and corn starch. It is 100% degradable in nature, and is equally durable and versatile as petroleum-based plastics. It is used in many sectors such as agriculture, textile, medicine and packaging.
- the popularity of bioplastics has been increasing in European and American countries for ecological reasons. Reducing carbon footprint, saving energy in production, being renewable and reducing non- biodegradable waste that pollutes the environment are the advantages of bioplastics. It also contains no harmful chemicals such as phthalates and bisphenols A and when used as packaging, it does not change the taste or smell of the food.
- bioplastics are degradable in nature.
- the bioplastics obtained only from renewable biological resources are biodegradable.
- Biodegradable polymers are polymers that can be degraded and composted by the effects of bacteria, fungi, algae, yeast and other microorganisms found in nature. Biodegradable polymers can be produced naturally by living organism, or they can also be synthetically produced but their biodegradability is proven. Cellulose, starch, leather, chitin, chitosan, bacterial polyester are examples of polymers produced by the living organism. Polylactic acid (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), polyglycolic acid (PGA) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) are synthetically produced but biodegradable polymers.
- PLA polylactic acid
- PCL polycaprolactone
- PGA polyglycolic acid
- PBAT poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)
- Biodegradable, biobased diaper patent No US2017224540 relates to a biobased and/or biodegradable disposable diaper configuration. In this study, the parts of the diaper are defined
- the diaper of the present invention consists of more than 25% biobased content.
- content it contains components such as aromatic polyester (PBS, polybutylene succinate, PBT, polybutylene terephthalate, PBAT, poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) or combinations of these), biodegradable polymer containing cellulosic polymer, polylactic acid (PLA), bamboo or cotton, modified starch, cellulose, keratin.
- PBS aromatic polyester
- PBT polybutylene terephthalate
- PBAT poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) or combinations of these)
- biodegradable polymer containing cellulosic polymer polylactic acid (PLA), bamboo or cotton, modified starch, cellulose, keratin.
- Biodegradable breathable film and laminate relates to a film content for use in personal care products and medical disposable products.
- the invention is described as a breathable, stretch-thinned film, and is expressed to include filler particles and biodegradable thermoplastic polymer.
- the film has gaps around the filler particles to facilitate the passage of water vapor.
- Biodegradable thermoplastic polymer can be selected from polylactic acid, polycaprolactone and polyesters of butendiol, adipic acid, succinic acid and / orterephthalic acid. It may also be possible to use the film as a laminate consisting of more than one layer.
- Highly breathable biodegradable films patent No US2010/0068484 relates to a highly breathable and biodegradable film.
- the invention consists of a biodegradable polymer matrix and first and second filler particles dispersed in this matrix. It is stated that the first filler material is calcium carbonate, the second filler material is titanium dioxide, and the biodegradable polymer may be aromatic polyester, aliphatic polyester, aromatic-aliphatic copolyester or combinations of these. This study also focuses on the production of the film.
- Biodegradable and breathable polymer film patent No W02005/056656 relates to a biodegradable, breathable film composition.
- the film contains 30-70% by weight of biodegradable copolyester and 30-70% of filler.
- the gaps increase and water vapor permeability is at least 800 gr/ m2 / 24 hours. It is stated that
- the copolyester can be selected from aliphatic or aromatic acids, and the filler material can preferably be calcium carbonate.
- the film is applicable to disposable breathable products such as personal care products, absorbent products, health products, medical fabrics.
- Biodegradable films having enhanced ductility and breathability relates to personal care products containing biodegradable film.
- the biodegradable film of the present invention has breathability and high ductility. It consists of a biodegradable polymer and a water- soluble polymer (preferably polyethylene oxide polyethylene glycol or a copolymer).
- biodegradable films generally contain single or double polymer structure.
- ternary polymer blend There are no studies involving ternary polymer blend.
- PBAT, PLA and TPS polymers these three incompatible polymers, whose molecular structures are given below, could not be harmonized for high efficiency.
- a film which can be used in many fields, especially in the hygiene and medical sector, is more environmentally friendly than the state of the art, is biodegradable and compostable in a shorter time, has ternary polymer blend and also superior properties, and is breathable is required.
- a film which has superior features compared to the state of the art contains ternary polymer blend, and can be used in many fields especially in the hygiene and medical sector.
- the most important feature of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is that it is environmentally friendly with its biodegradable structure. Thanks to this feature, it will significantly reduce plastic waste from disposable diapers, especially diapers, etc. With the reduction of plastic wastes, the problems of not dissolving and degrading in nature, which are in the state of the art, will be prevented for many years.
- biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is that it is breathable. It is expected that the film will be microporous and breathable in terms of skin health, especially in products such as diapers, underpads and adult diapers.
- Another advantage of the biodegradable and fertilizable, breathable film of the present invention is that it contains polylactic acid (PLA).
- Polylactic acid is a thermoplastic aliphatic polyester and has a molecular structure as follows. It has a melting temperature above 150 C°. Having a high melting temperature provides ease of processing in the process without degradation of the melt. It also has a polylactic acid, stiff, tough structure. It is both biobased and a biodegradable and compostable polymer.
- PBAT poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)
- PBAT poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)
- thermoplastic starch TPS
- water moisture (water) is a catalyst that accelerates dissolution in nature.
- the molecular structure is as follows and it is a biobased and biodegradable polymer.
- biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention contains calcite (CaC03).
- Calcite provides micropores in the ternary polymer matrix with the contribution of stretching method, so it gives a breathable feature to the film.
- biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is obtained by harmonizing TPS, PI_A and PBAT polymers that are incompatible with each other by creating a ternary polymer blend, the film obtained in this way is more harmless than the state of the art. This means that it can biodegrade and compost in a shorter time in nature and constitutes a different advantage of the invention.
- Figure-1 is a flow chart showing the process steps of the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention.
- Figure-2 is a representative view of the device where the compound extrusion takes place in the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention.
- Figure-3 is a representative view of the blown device where the film is extruded in the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention.
- Figure-4 is a representative view of the device where the stretching process takes place in the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention.
- Figure-5 is a representative view of the calcite particles on the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film before stretching.
- Figure-6 is a representative image of calcite particles and microporosities on biodegradable and compostable breathable film after stretching.
- Biodegradable, compostable and breathable film of the present invention is a film that will be an alternative to plastics in the state of the art, degrade in nature in a short time, will be environmentally friendly and can be used in various fields. It has also a breathable feature with its microporous structure.
- the biodegradable and compostable, breathable, film of the present invention is most commonly composed of the ternary structure of thermoplastic starch (TPS), poly(butylene adipate-co- terephthalate) (PBAT) and polylactic acid (PLA). It should be noted that these three materials are polymers difficult to be harmonized.
- Table 1 Components of the Invention Subject and Percentage by Weight
- the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film which is the present invention contains PLA in the range of 10-50%, PBAT in the range of 10-70%, TPS in the range of 1-30%, calcite in the range of 10-50% and compatibilizer in the range of 0.1-10% by weight. It is preferred that calcite has technically particle size in the range of 0.5-3.0 pm d50, and its moisture value is less than 0.20%. Calcite is used as filler material and also gives the film breathable feature.
- compatibilizer between 0.1-10% by weight.
- maleic anhydride graft polymer is used as compatibilizer, which acts as a binder with three incompatible polymers, PLA-PBAT-TPS.
- the percentage of PLA by weight is in the range of 10-50%.
- Technical characteristics of the PLA to be used preferably have a moisture value in the range of 0.15-0.25%, melt flow index in the range of 3-15 g / 10 min., and its density should be between 1,15-1 ,35 g / cm 3 .
- PBAT is biodegradable polyester. It is in the range of 10-70% by weight in the content of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention.
- thermoplastic starch in the film is preferably in the range of 0-30% by weight.
- the melt flow index should preferably be 1-10 g / min. and the density should be between 1.30- 1.50 g/cm 3 .
- the basis weight of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention varies in the range of 10-30 g / m 2 .
- the basis weight refers to the mass in the unit area, and low basis weight is more advantageous in terms of degredation time in nature. It also affects breathability. It can be said that the permeability of low basis weight films is higher.
- the film of the invention is expected to have a water vapor permeability in the range of 500-10000 (g / (m 2 -day)). High permeability is aimed here.
- the maximum tensile strength in the machine direction (longitudinal) is expected to be in the range of 15-30 N, and the maximum tensile strength in the opposite direction (transverse) of the machine is in the range of 2.5-15 N. While the elongation at break in the machine direction (longitudinal) is in the range of 5-200%, the elongation at break in the opposite direction (transverse) of the machine is in the range of 30-400%.
- the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is generally obtained from the raw materials by the extrusion process to obtain the semi finished compound, and the semi-finished product to be subjected to the re-extrusion process and the film to be finalized by stretching.
- the film extrusion process can be in the form of blown or cast extrusion.
- the first Step of the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention will be compound extrusion.
- This Step takes place via a representative device schematized in Figure 2. Accordingly, PLA, PBAT, TPS polymers and compatibilizers are fed together, and calcite is fed to the system separately. According to the scheme in Figure 2, polymers and compatibilizer are fed to the system through the first feeder hopper (1a) and calcite from the second feeder hopper (1b). The materials reaching the barrels (1d) from the feeding entries (1c) are extruded by heating, melting and mixing in the twin-screw system.
- this step ends by coming to the cutting unit (1f) and granulating by cutting. Round granules are preferred because the underwater cutting system and flat granules will absorb moisture.
- cutting water and barrel temperatures are important parameters.
- the cutting water should preferably be in the range of 40-80 ° C. Barrel temperature values can also be called extruder temperature and it is preferred to be between 120-180 ° C. With the help of vacuum (1e), moisture and oligomers are expelled.
- a representative device for film extrusion is schematized.
- the granules fed to the system from the feeder (2a) are melted in the extruder (2b), preferably at a temperature between 150-200 ° C and sent to the die head (2c).
- Die head temperature will preferably be between 150-200 ° C.
- the melt passing through the die head (2c) is cooled by air in the cooling chamber (2d).
- the product, which becomes a film after cooling, comes out of the nip rolls (2e).
- the resulting film is wrapped by other rolls (2f) and becomes a film roll (2g) and the film extrusion step is completed.
- the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention is achieved by the above process steps. It should be remembered that the schemes of the production process of the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention are representative, and the tools and equipment here are not binding. The process can be carried out with different equipment to perform the same duty.
- polymers and compatibilizers can be fed together or separately fed. However, in each case, calcite should be fed separately.
- the cutting is preferably specified as an underwater pelletizing system, there may also be different alternative systems such as strand pelletizing or dry conveyor cutting system. Although the number of barrels is 13 in the diagram, this is not binding.
- the film can be single layer or multilayer.
- the film extrusion (110) and stretching (120) steps can be carried out as a continuous process or can be processed as batch. In any case, compound extrusion (100) will continue as a separate process.
- the biodegradable and compostable, breathable film of the present invention can be used in many fields, especially in the hygiene and medical sectors baby diapers, disposable (adult) underpads, women's hygienic (femcare) products, medical pads, sanitary pads, bladder pads, breast pads, personal safety products and protective clothing are some of the applications.
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Abstract
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TR202004607 | 2020-03-24 | ||
PCT/TR2020/050395 WO2021194440A1 (en) | 2020-03-24 | 2020-05-07 | The content of a biodegradable and compostable, breathable film and the production process of this film |
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EP4127030A4 EP4127030A4 (en) | 2024-04-24 |
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CN113912996A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 宁夏易兴新材料发展有限公司 | PBAT full-biodegradable composite material and preparation method thereof |
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US7172814B2 (en) * | 2003-06-03 | 2007-02-06 | Bio-Tec Biologische Naturverpackungen Gmbh & Co | Fibrous sheets coated or impregnated with biodegradable polymers or polymers blends |
US8188185B2 (en) * | 2008-06-30 | 2012-05-29 | Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. | Biodegradable packaging film |
GB0908928D0 (en) * | 2009-05-26 | 2009-07-01 | Hyflux Ltd | A biodegradable starch film |
CN102115576B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2014-09-17 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Natural biological polymer thermoplastic film |
CN103627153B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2018-02-09 | 上海杰事杰新材料(集团)股份有限公司 | A kind of complete biodegradable PLA/PBAT composites and preparation method thereof |
KR20140106882A (en) * | 2013-02-27 | 2014-09-04 | 일신화학공업 주식회사 | Biodegradable Resin Composition and Biodegradable Mulching Film Using of the Same |
MX2017011379A (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-02-19 | Univ Guelph | Biodegradable polymer-based biocomposites with tailored properties and method of making those. |
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