EP4124685B1 - Installation de production de non-tissés - Google Patents

Installation de production de non-tissés Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4124685B1
EP4124685B1 EP22187952.1A EP22187952A EP4124685B1 EP 4124685 B1 EP4124685 B1 EP 4124685B1 EP 22187952 A EP22187952 A EP 22187952A EP 4124685 B1 EP4124685 B1 EP 4124685B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
walls
section
wall
stretching
plant
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EP22187952.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4124685A1 (fr
Inventor
Graziano RAMINA
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Ramina SRL
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Ramina SRL
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
    • D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
    • D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D11/00—Other features of manufacture
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/02—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments
    • D04H3/03—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random
    • D04H3/033—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of yarns or filaments at random reorientation immediately after yarn or filament formation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
    • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
    • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion

Definitions

  • the present invention regards a plant for producing nonwoven fabric, in particular made of plastic material, according to the preamble of the independent claim number 1.
  • the present plant for producing nonwoven fabric is intended to be advantageously employed in the field of production of fiber webs adapted to form a nonwoven fabric, which is also normally web-like.
  • the plant, object of the present invention is advantageously employable for producing a continuous web of semifinished nonwoven fabric, intended to undergo subsequent transformations in order to obtain a finished product.
  • Such webs are normally used in particular for producing sanitary products, such as caps, masks and gloves or in the agriculture field for producing nonwoven fabric intended to be set on the ground to be cultivated, in order to remedy the formation of weeds and/or to protect seeds.
  • the invention is therefore inserted in the industrial field of production of web-like material of nonwoven fibers, or more generally in the field of production of nonwoven fabric.
  • nonwoven fabric such as for example spunbond of polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene and/or other polymers, in particular for producing bandages, gauzes, caps, masks and other sanitary products, or for example for producing nonwoven fabric intended to be used in the agriculture field for covering ground to be cultivated.
  • the nonwoven fabric is a semifinished product intended to sustain successive working steps for producing products of various type, normally made of plastic material and with web form or with web superimposition.
  • Such webs are formed by filaments placed in a random manner in layers and usually joined in a mechanical manner, or by means of adhesives or at least partially melted by means of heat.
  • plants for producing nonwoven fabric have been known for some time, which normally provide for forming a plurality of filaments of plastic material, which are stretched, laid on a conveyor belt and then pressed on each other in a random manner, in order to form the aforesaid nonwoven fabric webs.
  • a unit for extruding a plurality of filaments of plastic material at high temperature, which are introduced within the main channel through an upper inlet mouth, at which an extrusion head is placed, from which the filaments exit on the lower part.
  • extrusion head is provided on the lower part with a plurality of holes facing the upper inlet opening, from which a mass of melted plastic material exits in the form of filaments.
  • the filaments are normally extruded in the form of pasty plastic material, at high temperature, normally comprised between 150°C and 280°C.
  • a cooling unit is provided (known with the term “quenching" in the technical jargon of the field), in which an air flow is forcibly introduced within the main channel, by means of at least one fan placed outside the latter.
  • the air flow introduced into the cooling station cools the filaments that have formed upon exiting the extrusion head of the extrusion unit.
  • the air introduced into the main channel at the cooling unit elongates the filaments of plastic material within a segment with reduced section of the main channel, up to making them reach the desired size, for example up to making them reach a linear density of about 1 - 10 dtex.
  • the desired weave i.e. a substantially random and uniform arrangement of the filaments
  • the plant of known type is provided with an ejection station unit which defines, along one section of the main channel, a diffuser which terminates on the lower part with an outlet opening opposite the inlet opening.
  • the air that flows within the diffuser is moved in a manner such to confer a turbulent motion thereto.
  • the filaments are thrust by the air and are weaved together in a substantially random manner in order to form the desired weave of the non-woven fabric.
  • the diffuser is extended downward, and in particular towards the outlet opening, with substantially hourglass shape, and is provided with an upper section which is extended, starting from the cooling unit, narrowing up to an intermediate narrow section, and a lower section which is extended starting from such intermediate narrow section, widening up to the outlet opening.
  • the air that flows within the diffuser encounters the aforesaid narrow section followed by an increase of the section in the lower section of the diffuser and takes on a turbulent motion, mixing and weaving the filaments.
  • the diffuser has lateral walls made of flexible material and multiple actuators connected to such lateral walls that are actuatable for deforming the latter so as to modify the section of the diffuser itself, in order to obtain a different distribution of filaments in the final product.
  • the plant of known type below the ejection unit, provides for a conveyor belt placed below the outlet opening with which the diffuser terminates in order to receive the filaments.
  • the conveyor belt is moved in order to advance the filaments thus set along a substantially horizontal movement direction, in order to form the web of non-woven fabric.
  • the web of non-woven fabric thus obtained undergoes further working steps such as for example a pressing, and is then moved towards a winding station in which web is wound around a support core in order to form reels of non-woven fabric, allowing a quick storage and transport thereof.
  • the main drawback lies in the fact that the plant of known type does not allow an optimal adjustment of the turbulence level in proximity to the deposition station during the production operations, therefore it is not possible to optimize the distribution of the filaments on the conveyor belt as a function of the thickness of the filaments themselves.
  • the patent application US 2003/0178742 A1 describes a plant for producing non-woven fabric, which comprises an ejection station provided with an upper diffuser and a lower diffuser separated from each other by an interspace for the introduction of secondary air.
  • the upper diffuser is provided with converging upper walls and diverging lower walls, having tilt angle (with respect to the vertical) comprised between 0.5 and 3°.
  • the problem underlying the present invention is therefore that of overcoming the drawbacks manifested by the plants for producing non-woven fabric of known type, by providing a plant and a process for producing non-woven fabric, which allow adjusting the distribution of filaments within the main channel.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for producing non-woven fabric which allows quickly carrying out operations of cleaning and maintenance of the extrusion unit and of the ejection unit.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for producing non-woven fabric which is structurally and operatively simple, entirely reliable and capable of operating in any operating condition.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a plant for producing non-woven fabric which is simple to use by operations.
  • reference number 1 overall indicates a plant for producing nonwoven fabric, according to the present invention.
  • nonwoven fabric of different type and material, such as in particular spunbond made of plastic material, e.g. polypropylene and/or polyethylene, and in particular polyethylene terephthalate (PET in the technical jargon of the field).
  • plastic material e.g. polypropylene and/or polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • nonwoven fabric a substantially web-like material composed of a plurality of filaments compressed on each other in a substantially random manner.
  • the nonwoven fabric is normally composed of a plurality of filaments of plastic material joined together by means of a mechanical action, e.g. by means of crushing.
  • the plant 1 for producing non-woven fabric according to the invention comprises a support structure 2 (illustrated schematically in figure 1 ) provided with a descent path 3 extended along a vertical axis Y between an upper inlet 4 and a lower outlet 5.
  • the plant 1 also comprises an extrusion unit 29, mounted on the support structure 2 and arranged for introducing filaments for forming a non-woven fabric in the descent path 3 through the inlet 4 of the latter.
  • the extrusion unit 29 comprises an extrusion head 30, mounted on the support structure 2 and positioned at the inlet 4 of the descent path 3.
  • the extrusion head 30 is provided with multiple wire drawing holes directed downward and adapted to dispense filaments of molten material in order to form non-woven fabric.
  • the plant 1 comprises feed means (not illustrated in the figures) connected to the extrusion head 30 and arranged for providing to the latter a continuous flow of molten plastic material intended to pass through the wire drawing holes in order to form the aforesaid filaments.
  • the plant 1 comprises a cooling unit 6 placed below the extrusion unit 29 and comprising a cooling chamber 60 placed along the descent path 3 and susceptible of being traversed by the filaments in order to cool them.
  • the plant 1 also comprises a stretching unit 7 placed below the cooling unit 6 and comprising a stretching duct 70, which is extended along the descent path 3 between an upper mouth 71, sealingly connected to the cooling chamber 60, and a lower mouth 72 placed at the outlet 5 of the descent path 3 itself.
  • the filaments coming from the cooling chamber 60 are susceptible of entering into the stretching duct 70 through the aforesaid upper mouth 71 of the latter and are susceptible of exiting from the stretching duct 70 itself through the aforesaid lower mouth 72.
  • the plant 1 comprises deposit means 25 (in particular a deposit belt), which are placed below the lower mouth 72 of the stretching channel 70 in order to receive the filaments exiting from the latter and transport them towards a station downstream of the plant 1.
  • deposit means 25 in particular a deposit belt
  • the stretching duct 70 comprises an adjustment section 74, which is extended, along the vertical axis Y, between the upper mouth 71 and a narrow section 73, narrowing towards such narrow section 73 with a specific convergence angle ⁇ 1.
  • the stretching duct 70 comprises a diffusion section 75, which is extended, along the vertical axis Y, between the narrow section 73 and the lower mouth 72, broadening towards the lower mouth 72 itself with a specific divergence angle ⁇ 2.
  • the plant 1 comprises ventilator means 8, mounted on the support structure 2 and arranged for generating a flow of gas (e.g. air) adapted to traverse the stretching duct 70 and advantageously the cooling chamber 60, as described in detail hereinbelow.
  • a flow of gas e.g. air
  • the decreasing width of the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70 allows, due to the known Bernoulli laws, an acceleration and therefore an increase of the speed of the gas that flows therein.
  • the air that accelerates along the adjustment section 74 simultaneously drives the filaments, bringing them to the desired thickness, comprised for example between 1 and 10 dtex.
  • the increasing width of the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70 ensures that the air that flows therein encounters an increase of the section and slows up to taking on a turbulent motion, mixing and weaving the filaments that slide within the diffusion section 75 itself. In this manner, the filaments are thrust by the air and are woven with each other in a substantially random manner in order to form the aforesaid desired weave of the non-woven fabric.
  • the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 is sealingly connected to the cooling chamber 60 and, in addition, the stretching duct 70 is extended from the upper mouth 71 to the lower mouth 72 with seal continuity, in a manner such that the gas flow generated by the ventilator means 8 is susceptible of entering into the stretching duct 70 only through the upper mouth 71 and of exiting from the same stretching duct 70 only through the lower mouth 72.
  • the air flow entering the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 is equal to the air flow exiting from the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70 itself.
  • the ventilator means 8 are adapted to introduce the gas flow into the cooling chamber 60 from which the gas flow passes into the stretching duct 70 through the upper mouth 71 of the latter.
  • the stretching duct 70 is sealingly connected to the cooling chamber 60, the air flow that traverses the cooling chamber is the same entering the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 has a first transverse section S 1 thereof
  • the lower mouth 72 from the stretching duct 70 has a second transverse section S2 thereof
  • the narrow section 73 has a third transverse section S3 thereof.
  • the aforesaid first, second and third transverse sections S1, S2, S3 are defined on a plane orthogonal to the vertical axis Y of the descent path 3.
  • the support structure 2 is extended according to a first direction X substantially orthogonal to the vertical axis Y and according to a second direction Z orthogonal to the vertical axis Y and to the aforesaid first direction X.
  • the stretching duct 70 (and therefore its adjustment and diffusion sections 74, 75) is extended width-wise according to the aforesaid first direction X and is extended depth-wise according to the aforesaid second direction Z.
  • the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70 has width (defined along the aforesaid first direction X) which decreases from the upper mouth 71 towards the narrow section 73 (according to the aforesaid convergence angle ⁇ 1)
  • the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70 has width (defined along the aforesaid first direction X) which increases from the narrow section 73 towards the lower mouth 72 (according to the aforesaid divergence angle ⁇ 2).
  • the width of the first, second and third transverse sections S1, S2 and S3 are defined by the width of the stretching duct 70 at, respectively, the upper mouth 71, the lower mouth 72 and the narrow section 73.
  • the stretching duct 70 (and therefore the adjustment and diffusion sections 74, 75) is extended depth-wise with constant width along the second direction Z.
  • the widths of the first, second and third transverse section S1, S2 and S3 have the same above-indicated ratios between the transverse sections S1, S2 and S3 themselves.
  • the width of the first transverse section S1 is comprised between 50 mm and 150 mm
  • the width of the second transverse section S2 is comprised between 30 mm and 100 mm
  • the width of the third transverse section S3 is comprised between 10 mm and 30 mm (as long as the above-indicated ratios are respected).
  • the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70 is extended from the upper mouth 71 to the narrow section 73 (along the vertical axis Y) with a first length L1
  • the diffusion section 75 is extended from the narrow section 73 to the lower mouth 72 (along the vertical axis Y) for a second length L2.
  • the ratio L2/L1 between the aforesaid second length L2 and the aforesaid first length L1 is comprised between 0.8 and 1.0.
  • the first length L1 is comprised between 1100 mm and 1800 mm and the second length L2 is comprised between 1000 mm and 1800 mm (as long as the above-indicated ratios are respected).
  • the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70 comprises two first walls 78 facing each other, each of which is extended along the vertical axis Y between an upper first edge 78', placed at the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70, and a first lower edge 78" placed at the narrow section 73.
  • the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70 comprises two second walls 79 facing each other, each of which is extended along the vertical axis Y between a second upper edge 79', which is placed at the narrow section 73, and a second lower edge 79" placed at the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70.
  • first walls 78 are positioned on opposite sides with respect to the second direction Z and are each extended depth-wise along such second direction Z (preferably parallel to the latter) between two first lateral edges 78′′′ placed as a perimeter connection of the upper and lower first edges 78', 78".
  • the two second walls 79 are positioned on opposite sides with respect to the second direction Z and are each extended depth-wise along such second direction Z (preferably parallel to the latter) between two second lateral edges 79′′′ placed as a perimeter connection of the second upper and lower edges 79', 79".
  • first walls 78 and the second walls 79 define the width of the stretching duct 70
  • first walls 78 and the second walls 79 define the width of the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70
  • second walls 79 define the width of the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70 itself.
  • first walls 78 are obtained with separate components with respect to the second walls 79, in which each first wall 78 is connected to the corresponding second wall 79 at, respectively, the first lower edge 78" and the second upper edge 79'.
  • first walls 78 and the second walls 79 of the stretching duct 70 are substantially rigid.
  • the first and second walls 78, 79 are made with plates of metal material, e.g. steel of stainless type, and are provided with a thickness preferably comprised between 20 and 40 mm, and still more preferably is 30 mm.
  • the first walls 78 are tilted with respect to each other and are extended mutually approached towards the narrow section 73, between them defining the convergence angle ⁇ 1 of the adjustment section 74.
  • the second walls 79 are tilted with respect to each other and are extended mutually away towards the lower mouth 72, between them defining the divergence angle ⁇ 2 of the diffusion section 75.
  • each first wall 78 is provided with a first internal face 16 directed towards the first internal face 16 of the other first wall 78 (delimiting between them the volume of the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70), and with an opposite first external face 17.
  • each second wall 79 is provided with a second internal face 18 directed towards the second internal face 18 of the other second wall 79 (delimiting between them the volume of the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70), and with an opposite second external face 19.
  • the third transverse section S3 of the narrow section 73 and the second transverse section S2 of the lower mouth 72 are defined by the mutual tilt, respectively, of the first walls 78 and of the second walls 79.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises first sealing means 9 interposed between the first lower edges 78" of the first walls 78 and the second upper edges 79' of the second walls 79, sealingly connecting the first lower edge 78" to the corresponding the second upper edge 79'.
  • the aforesaid sealing means 9 determine a sealing connection of the adjustment section 74 with the diffusion section 75, ensuring the aforesaid seal continuity of the stretching duct 70 (which does not have any further entrance or exit of air along its extension between its upper mouth 71 and its lower mouth 72).
  • the first sealing means 9 prevent a fluid communication between the closed volume enclosed between the first and second walls 78, 79 of the stretching duct 70 and the outside environment.
  • the stretching unit 70 comprises first actuator means 10 mechanically connected to the first walls 78 or to the second walls 79 at the narrow section 73, and arranged for moving, respectively, the first walls 78 or the second walls 79, transverse to vertical axis Y in order to adjust the third transverse section S3 (and in particular the width of the latter) of the narrow section 73.
  • the first actuator means 10 are mechanically connected to the first walls 78 at the narrow section 73, and are arranged for moving such first walls 78 transverse to the vertical axis Y in order to adjust the third transverse section S3 of the narrow section 73.
  • the first actuator means 10 comprise two first actuators 10', each of which mechanically connected to the corresponding first wall 78, in particular at the first external face 17 of the latter.
  • each first actuator 10' is an actuator of linear type (e.g. electric or hydraulic), advantageously with movement axis transverse to the vertical axis Y, and is preferably hinged to the corresponding first wall 78.
  • linear type e.g. electric or hydraulic
  • the first actuator means 10 are adapted to move mutually close to or away from the first lower edges 78" of the two first walls 78 so as to modify the width of the stretching duct 70 at the narrow section 73 and, therefore, the third transverse section S3 of the latter.
  • the first actuator means 10 are adapted to vary the tilt of the first walls 78, in a manner such to vary the convergence angle ⁇ 1 of the adjustment section 74, for example by rotating the first walls 78 around their first upper edges 78'.
  • the first upper edges 78' are arranged rotatably (as described in detail hereinbelow).
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises second actuator means 11 mechanically connected to the second walls 79 at the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70, and arranged for moving the second walls 79 transverse to the vertical axis Y in order to adjust the second transverse section S2 (and in particular the width of the latter) of the lower mouth 72 and, advantageously, the divergence angle ⁇ 2 of the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the plant 1, object of the present invention allows varying the form of the stretching duct 70 and setting the convergence angle ⁇ 1 of the adjustment section 74 and the divergence angle ⁇ 2 of the diffusion section 75, so as to adjust the distribution of the filaments along the descent path 3.
  • the second actuator means 11 comprise two second actuators 11', each of which mechanically connected to the corresponding second wall 79, in particular at the second external face 19 of the latter.
  • each second actuator 11' is an actuator of linear type (e.g. electric or hydraulic), advantageously with movement axis transverse to the vertical axis Y, and is preferably hinged to the corresponding second wall 79.
  • linear type e.g. electric or hydraulic
  • the plant 1 comprises a logic control unit (e.g. a PLC) which is operatively connected to the actuator means 10, 11 (and in particular to the first and to the second actuators 10', 11') and is operatively connected to a control panel actuatable by a user in order to drive the logic control unit to actuate the actuator means 10, 11.
  • a logic control unit e.g. a PLC
  • the actuator means 10, 11 and in particular to the first and to the second actuators 10', 11'
  • a control panel actuatable by a user in order to drive the logic control unit to actuate the actuator means 10, 11.
  • the second actuator means 11 are adapted to mutually move closer or away the second lower edges 79" of the two second walls 79 so as to modify the width of the stretching duct 70 at the lower mouth 72 and, therefore, the second transverse section S2 of the latter.
  • the second actuator means 11 are adapted to vary the tilt of the second walls 79, in a manner such to vary the divergence angle ⁇ 2, by rotating the second walls 79 around the second upper edges 79'.
  • each first wall 78 is rotatably constrained to the second upper edge 79' of the corresponding second wall 79, in a manner such to allow the rotation of the second walls 79 with to the first walls 78.
  • each first wall 78 is provided, at the first lower edge 78", with a first abutment portion 13, and each second wall 79 is provided, at the second upper edge 79', with a second abutment portion 14 which abuts against the first abutment portion 13 according to an engagement direction U substantially transverse to the vertical axis Y (and in particular substantially parallel to the first direction X).
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises elastic means 12 mechanically connected to each second wall 79 and arranged for forcing the second abutment portion 14 against the first abutment portion 13.
  • the elastic means 12 following the movement of the first walls 78 and/or of the second walls 79, exert an elastic reaction on the second wall 79 which maintains in abutment the first and the second abutment portion 13, 14 even if the first and second walls 78, 79 modify their position.
  • the second upper edges 79' of the second walls 79 are free to rotate with respect to the first lower edges 78" of the first walls 78 (and vice versa), maintaining such second upper edges 79' connected to such first upper edges 78', so as to maintain the first walls 78 connected to the second walls 79.
  • the elastic means 12 comprise two pneumatic pistons 121, each of which connected to the corresponding second wall 79 (in particular to the second external face 19 of the latter) by means of a respective rotatable coupling element 101.
  • the first abutment portion 13 of the first wall 78 is made on the first internal face 16 of the latter and the second abutment portion 14 is made on the second external face 19 of the second wall 79, in a manner such that the second wall 79 abuts against the first internal face 16 of the first wall 78.
  • the elastic means 12 are arranged for pulling the second wall 79 towards the outside (i.e. towards the first internal face 16 of the first wall 78) in order to maintain the second abutment portion 14 of the second wall 79 in abutment against the first abutment portion 13 of the first wall 78.
  • abutment portions 13, 14 with opposite orientation (i.e. with the first abutment portion 13 made on the first external face 17 of the first wall 78 and the second abutment portion 14 made on the second external face 19 of the second wall 79, arranging the elastic means 12 in order to push the second wall 79 towards the interior (i.e. towards the first external face 17 of the first wall 78).
  • one between the first abutment portion 13 and the second abutment portion 14 comprises a projecting tooth 15, and the other between the two abutment portions 13, 14 is provided with a recess 15' in which such projecting tooth 15 is engaged.
  • the projecting tooth 15 beings to the second abutment portion 14 of the second wall 79 and is placed at the second upper edge 79' of the latter, and the recess 15' belongs the first abutment portion 13 of the first wall 78 and is placed at the upper first edge 78' of the latter.
  • the recess 15' has a substantially step-like form and the projecting tooth 15 is projectingly extended (for example from the second upper edge 79' of the second wall 79) in order to be inserted in the recess 15' itself.
  • the first sealing means 9 are interposed between the first abutment portion 13 of the first wall 78 and the second abutment portion 14 of the second wall 79, in particular in the recess 15'.
  • each second wall 79 is placed flush or recessed with respect to the first lower edge 78" of the corresponding first wall 78.
  • each second wall 79 at the second internal face 18 of the latter, is placed flush or recessed with respect to the first lower edge 78" of the corresponding first wall 78 at the first internal face 16 of the latter.
  • the margin of the second internal face 18 along the second upper edge 79' of each second wall 79 is placed flush or recessing with respect to the margin along the first lower edge 78" of the first internal face 16 of the corresponding first wall 78, preferably by a recess measurement comprised between about 0.0 mm (in the event in which the margins are flush) and 5 mm, and preferably between 0.2 mm and 1.5 mm.
  • the filaments, along the internal faces 16, 18 of the first and second walls 78, 79, do not encounter obstacles that prevent their correct descent towards the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises at least two abutment elements 90, each of which acts on the corresponding first and second walls 78, 79 in order to define the aforesaid recess measurement of the second upper edge 79' of the second wall 79 with respect to the first lower edge 78" of the first wall 78.
  • each adjustment element 90 comprises a support body 91 fixed to the first wall 78 or to the second wall 79, and an abutment body 92 which is mounted on the support body 91 in a movable manner along the engagement direction U and receives in abutment the other walls 78, 79, by exerting a blocking action opposite the force exerted by the elastic means 12.
  • the position of the second upper edge 79' of the second wall 79 with respect to the first lower edge 78" of the first wall 78 is defined by the position of the abutment body 92, which in this manner allows defining the recess measurement of the second wall 79 with respect to the first wall 78.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises third actuator means (not illustrated in the enclosed figures) which are connected to the abutment body 92 of the adjustment element 90 and are actuatable, in particular by means of the control unit of the plant 1, in order to set the position of the abutment body 92 along the engagement direction U.
  • third actuator means (not illustrated in the enclosed figures) which are connected to the abutment body 92 of the adjustment element 90 and are actuatable, in particular by means of the control unit of the plant 1, in order to set the position of the abutment body 92 along the engagement direction U.
  • the abutment body 92 is mounted on the support body 91 by means of a screw-nut screw coupling and is actuatable, in particular by the third actuator means, in rotation in order to be moved along the coupling direction U.
  • the support body 91 of the adjustment element 90 is fixed to the first external face 17 of the first wall 78, and the abutment body receives the second wall 79 in abutment, in particular the second external face 19 of the latter.
  • the cooling unit 6 comprises a containment body 61 which at its interior delimits the cooling chamber 60 and is provided with two lateral walls 62 facing each other, between which the cooling chamber 60 is extended, transverse to the vertical axis Y.
  • the two lateral walls 62 delimit between them the width of the cooling chamber 60 according to the first direction X.
  • the containment body 61 of the cooling unit 6 is sealingly connected to the stretching duct 70 by means of a connector cone 63 placed to connect between the cooling chamber 60 and the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the connector cone 63 is sealingly connected to the containment body 61 of the cooling unit 6 by means of suitable sealing gaskets 20.
  • the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70 comprises two fixed walls 76 placed to connect between the cooling chamber 60 and the first walls 78 of the stretching duct 70 itself. More in detail, the two fixed walls 76, placed facing each other, are extended, along the descent path 3, between the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 and the upper first edge 78' of the first walls 78.
  • the fixed walls 76 are interposed between the containment body 61 (and in particular the connector cone 63) and the first walls 78 of the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the fixed walls 76 are placed on the same sides of the respective first walls 78 with respect to the descent path 3 and, suitably, they are extended depth-wise along the second direction Z.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises second sealing means 9' placed between each fixed wall 76 and the upper first edge 78' of the corresponding first wall 78, so as to ensure the seal continuity of the stretching duct 70.
  • each first wall 78 is rotatably constrained (e.g. by means of abutment) to the corresponding fixed wall 76 in order to allow the first actuator means 10 to vary the tilt of the first walls 78 and, thus, the convergence angle ⁇ 1 of the adjustment section 74.
  • the stretching duct 70 comprises two opposite first lateral walls 40 placed transverse to the first walls 78 and positioned orthogonally to the second direction Z in order to delimit depth-wise the adjustment section 74 of the stretching duct 70.
  • each first lateral wall 40 is extended between the two first walls 78 and is connected to the corresponding first lateral edge 78′′′ of each first wall 78 itself.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises third sealing means 9" placed between each first lateral wall 40 and the corresponding first lateral edge 78′′′ of the first wall 78, in a manner such to ensure a sealing closure of the stretching duct 70 also with respect to the first lateral walls 40.
  • first, second and third sealing means 9, 9', 9" comprise two perimeter gaskets, each of which placed perimetrically along the upper 78', lower 78" and lateral 78′′′ edges of the corresponding first wall 78.
  • each perimeter gasket defines, along the first lower edge 78" the first sealing means 9, along the upper first edge 78' the second sealing means 9', and along the first lateral edges 78′′′ the third sealing means 9".
  • the aforesaid perimeter gaskets are inflatable gaskets.
  • each first wall 78 is provided with a perimeter groove 41 in which the corresponding perimeter gasket is housed.
  • the aforesaid perimeter groove 41 defines the recess 15' of the second abutment portion 14.
  • the stretching duct 70 comprises two opposite second lateral walls 42 placed transverse to the second walls 79 and positioned orthogonally to the second direction Z in order to delimit depth-wise the diffusion section 75 of the stretching duct 70.
  • each second lateral wall 42 is extended at least between the two second walls 79 and is connected to the corresponding second lateral edge 79′′′ of each second wall 79 itself.
  • the stretching unit 7 comprises fourth sealing means 43 placed to connect between each second lateral wall 42 and the corresponding second lateral edge 79′′′ of the second wall 79, in a manner such to ensure a sealing closure of the stretching duct 70 with respect to the second lateral walls 42.
  • the aforesaid fourth sealing means 43 are provided with suitable gaskets placed along the second lateral edges 79′′′ and, for example, comprise gaskets of O-ring type 43' and/or lip gaskets 43".
  • the configuration of the present invention also allows an easy disassembly of the first and second walls 78, 79 of the stretching duct 70 if it is necessary to execute operations of maintenance on the extrusion head 30 or execute a cleaning of the first and second walls 78, 79 themselves.
  • the ventilator means 8 comprise a first ventilation group 81 fluid-connected with the cooling chamber 60 and arranged for introducing, into the cooling chamber 60, the gas flow adapted to intercept the filaments in order to cool them.
  • the lateral walls 62 of the containment body 61 of the cooling unit 6 are provided with respective openings in fluid communication with the aforesaid first ventilation group 81, so as to allow the entrance of the gas flow into the cooling chamber 60.
  • the first ventilation group 81 comprises one or more first ventilators (not illustrated) adapted to generate a flow of gas and one or more heat exchangers (also not illustrated) adapted to intercept the gas flow generated by the first ventilators in order to bring it to a specific temperature.
  • first ventilators not illustrated
  • heat exchangers also not illustrated
  • the first ventilators are fluid-connected with the cooling chamber 60 by means of one or more feed ducts 83.
  • the latter are sealingly connected to the containment body 61 of the cooling unit 6 by means of fifth sealing means 84, comprising advantageously inflatable gaskets.
  • the ventilator means 8 comprise a second ventilation group 82 fluid-connected with the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70 and arranged for suctioning the gas flow from the stretching duct 70 itself through the lower mouth 72 of the latter.
  • the second ventilation group 82 comprises one or more second ventilators, placed for example in proximity to the lower mouth 72 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the second ventilation group 82 allows preventing the deposit of oily compounds deriving from the filament polymerization reaction residue, suctioning such compounds together with the gas flow.
  • the ventilator means 8 are arranged for generating the gas flow (e.g. air) adapted to traverse the stretching duct 70 and advantageously the cooling chamber 60, with a flow comprised between 1000 and 5000 m 3 /h per linear meter of depth of the stretching duct 70 (and advantageously of the cooling chamber 60) along the second direction Z.
  • the gas flow e.g. air
  • control unit is operatively connected to the ventilator means 8 (and in particular to the first ventilators of the first ventilation group 81 and/or to the second ventilators of the second ventilation group 82) in order to drive the latter such to obtain the aforesaid flow, in particular with a pressure preferably comprised between 1500 and 15000 Pa.
  • the plant 1 comprises a shutter 50 interposed between the cooling chamber 60 and the stretching duct 70, preferably at the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 itself, and in particular between the connector cone 63 and the fixed walls 76.
  • the shutter 50 is actuatable to close at the start of the plant 1 in order to obstruct the inlet mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70, so as to prevent the first sections of produced filaments - which have unsuitable size and/or physical characteristics - from entering into the stretching duct 70 itself and subsequently falling on the deposit belt 25, ruining the stratification of the non-woven fabric.
  • the shutter 50 is opened in order to allow the production in normal operation conditions of the non-woven fabric.
  • the plant 1 comprises fourth actuator means 51 mechanically connected to the shutter 50 and operatively connected to the control unit, which is arranged for actuating such fourth actuator means 51 in order to open and close the shutter 50 in an automated manner.
  • the plant 1 comprises a seal chamber 77, hermetically closed, which houses the shutter 70 (and preferably the fourth actuator means 51) at its interior and is extended along the descent path 3 astride the inlet mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70, in a manner such to sealingly connect the stretching duct 70 with the cooling chamber 60, (in particular also in the presence of a discontinuity determined by the shutter 70).
  • the seal chamber 77 is extended, along the vertical axis Y, between an upper wall thereof placed above the upper mouth 71 of the stretching duct 70 and a lower wall thereof placed below the upper mouth 71 itself.
  • the upper wall of the seal chamber 77 is sealingly fixed to the containment body 61 of the cooling unit 6 or to the connector cone 63, and the lower wall of the seal chamber 77 is sealingly fixed to the fixed walls 76 of the stretching duct 70.
  • the invention thus conceived therefore attains the pre-established objects.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation (1) de production de non-tissés, qui comprend:
    - une structure de support (2) pourvue d'un parcours de descente (3) se développant le long d'un axe vertical (Y) entre une entrée (4) supérieure et une sortie (5) inférieure ;
    - une unité d'extrusion (29) montée sur ladite structure de support (2) et prédisposée pour insérer des filaments de formage d'un tissu non-tissé dans ledit parcours de descente (3) à travers ladite entrée (4);
    - une unité de refroidissement (6), placée en dessous de ladite unité d'extrusion (29) et comprenant une chambre de refroidissement (60) placée le long dudit parcours de descente (3) et susceptible d'être traversée par lesdits filaments pour refroidir lesdits filaments,
    - une unité d'étirage (7) placée en dessous de ladite unité de refroidissement (6) et comprenant un conduit d'étirage (70), qui se développe le long dudit parcours de descente (3) entre une ouverture supérieure (71), par laquelle lesdits filaments sont susceptibles d'entrer dans ledit conduit d'étirage (70), et une ouverture inférieure (72) placée au niveau de ladite sortie (5) et par laquelle lesdits filaments sont susceptibles de sortir dudit conduit d'étirage (70);
    ledit conduit d'étirage (70) comprenant:
    - un tronçon de rectification (74) qui se développe, le long dudit axe vertical (Y), entre ladite ouverture supérieure (71) et un goulet d'étranglement (73), se rétrécissant vers ledit goulet d'étranglement (73) avec un angle de convergence (α1) déterminé; et
    - un tronçon de diffusion (75), qui se développe, le long dudit axe vertical (Y), entre ledit goulet d'étranglement (73) et ladite ouverture inférieure (72), en s'élargissant vers ladite ouverture inférieure (72) avec un angle de divergence (α2) déterminé;
    - des moyens de ventilation (8), qui sont montés sur ladite structure de support (2) et sont prédisposés pour générer un flux de gaz apte à traverser au moins ledit conduit d'étirage (70) de ladite ouverture supérieure (71) à ladite ouverture inférieure (72);
    dans laquelle le tronçon de rectification (74) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) comprend deux premières parois (78) étant l'une en face de l'autre, chacune desquelles se développe le long dudit axe vertical (Y) entre un premier bord supérieur (78') et un premier bord inférieur (78") disposé au niveau dudit goulet d'étranglement (73); dans laquelle lesdites premières parois (78) sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre et s'étendent en rapprochement réciproque vers ledit goulet d'étranglement (73), définissant entre elles ledit angle de convergence (α1);
    dans laquelle le tronçon de diffusion (75) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) comprend deux secondes parois (79) étant l'une en face de l'autre, chacune desquelles se développe le long dudit axe vertical (Y) entre un second bord supérieur (79'), qui est placé au niveau dudit goulet d'étranglement (73), et un second bord inférieur (79") placé au niveau de ladite ouverture inférieure (72); dans laquelle lesdites secondes parois (79) sont inclinées l'une par rapport à l'autre et s'étendent en éloignement réciproque vers ladite ouverture inférieure (72), définissant entre elles ledit angle de divergence (α2);
    dans laquelle, ladite ouverture supérieure (71) a une première section transversale (S1), ladite ouverture inférieure (72) a une seconde section transversale (S2), et ledit goulet d'étranglement (73) a une troisième section transversale (S3);
    ladite installation (1) étant caractérisée en ce que l'ouverture supérieure (71) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) est reliée de manière étanche à ladite chambre de refroidissement (60) et ledit conduit d'étirage (70) se développe de ladite ouverture supérieure (71) à ladite ouverture inférieure (72) ayant une continuité de l'étanchéité de sorte que ledit flux de gaz soit susceptible d'entrer dans ledit conduit d'étirage (70) exclusivement à travers ladite ouverture supérieure (71);
    dans laquelle:
    - le rapport entre la première section transversale (S1) de ladite ouverture supérieure (71) et ladite troisième section transversale (S3) dudit goulet d'étranglement (73) est compris entre 2 et 10;
    - le rapport entre la seconde section transversale (S2) de ladite ouverture inférieure (72) et ladite troisième section transversale (S3) dudit goulet d'étranglement (73) est supérieur à 1 et inférieur ou égal à 10;
    - l'angle de convergence (α1) du tronçon de rectification (74) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) est supérieur ou égal à 1° et inférieur ou égal à 6°;
    - l'angle de divergence (α2) du tronçon de diffusion (75) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) est supérieur à 0° et inférieur ou égal à 5°;
    ladite installation (1) comprenant des premiers moyens d'étanchéité (9) qui sont interposés entre les premiers bords inférieurs (78") desdites premières parois (78) et les seconds bords supérieurs (79') desdites secondes parois (79), en reliant de manière étanche ledit tronçon de rectification (74) audit tronçon de diffusion (75);
    ladite unité d'étirage (7) comprenant des premiers moyens d'actionnement (10) reliés mécaniquement auxdites premières parois (78) ou auxdites secondes parois (79) au niveau dudit goulet d'étranglement (73), et prédisposés pour déplacer, respectivement, lesdites premières parois (78) ou lesdites secondes parois (79), transversalement audit axe vertical (Y) pour régler la troisième section transversale (S3) dudit goulet d'étranglement (73).
  2. Installation (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le tronçon de rectification (74) a une première longueur (L1) de ladite ouverture supérieure (71) audit goulet d'étranglement (73), et ledit tronçon de diffusion (75) a une seconde longueur (L2) dudit goulet d'étranglement (73) à ladite ouverture inférieure (72) ; dans laquelle le rapport (L2/L1) entre ladite seconde longueur (L2) et ladite première longueur (L1) est compris entre 0,8 et 1,0.
  3. Installation (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que lesdits premiers moyens d'actionnement (10) sont reliés mécaniquement auxdites premières parois (78) au niveau dudit goulet d'étranglement (73), et sont prédisposés pour déplacer lesdites premières parois (78) transversalement audit axe vertical (Y) pour régler la troisième section transversale (S3) dudit goulet d'étranglement (73).
  4. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite unité d'étirage (7) comprend des seconds moyens d'actionnement (11) reliés mécaniquement auxdites secondes parois (79) au niveau de ladite ouverture inférieure (72), et prédisposés pour déplacer lesdites secondes parois (79) transversalement audit axe vertical (Y) pour régler la seconde section transversale (S2) de ladite ouverture inférieure (72).
  5. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le premier bord inférieur (78") de ladite première paroi (78) est lié de manière rotative au second bord supérieur (79') de ladite seconde paroi (79") correspondante.
  6. Installation (1) selon les revendications 3 et 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque première paroi (78) est pourvue, au niveau dudit premier bord inférieur (78"), d'une première partie de butée (13), et chaque seconde paroi (79) est pourvue, au niveau dudit second bord supérieur (79'), d'une seconde partie de butée (14) qui vient en butée contre ladite première partie de butée (13) selon une direction d'engagement (U) sensiblement transversale audit axe vertical (Y);
    dans laquelle ladite unité d'étirage (7) comprend des moyens élastiques (12) reliés mécaniquement à ladite seconde paroi (79) et prédisposés pour forcer ladite seconde partie de butée (14) contre ladite première partie de butée (13).
  7. Installation (1) selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens élastiques (12) comprennent au moins deux vérins pneumatiques.
  8. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le tronçon de rectification (74) dudit conduit d'étirage (70) comprend deux parois fixes (76) étant l'une en face de l'autre, qui s'étendent, le long dudit parcours de descente (3), entre ladite ouverture supérieure (71) et les premiers bords supérieurs (78') desdites premières parois (78);
    dans laquelle ladite unité d'étirage (7) comprend des seconds moyens d'étanchéité (9') disposés entre ladite paroi fixe (76) et le premier bord supérieur (78') de ladite première paroi (78) correspondante.
  9. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite première paroi (78) comprend deux premiers bords latéraux opposés (78‴) placés en raccordement le long du périmètre dudit premier bord supérieur (78') et dudit premier bord inférieur (78");
    dans laquelle ledit conduit d'étirage (70) comprend deux premières parois latérales opposées (40) placées transversalement auxdites premières parois (78) et chacune reliée à un premier bord latéral (78'") correspondant de ladite première paroi (78);
    dans laquelle ladite unité d'étirage (7) comprend des troisièmes moyens d'étanchéité (9") disposés entre ladite première paroi latérale (40) et ledit premier bord latéral (78‴) correspondant de ladite première paroi (78).
  10. Installation (1) selon la revendication 8 et 9, caractérisée en ce que lesdits premiers, seconds et troisièmes moyens d'étanchéité (9, 9', 9") comprennent deux joints périphériques, chacun desquels est disposé sur le périmètre le long des bords supérieur, inférieur et latéraux (78', 78", 78‴) de ladite première paroi (78) correspondante.
  11. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que ladite première paroi (78) est pourvue d'une première face intérieure (16) faisant face à la première face intérieure (16) de ladite autre première paroi (78), ladite seconde paroi (79) est pourvue d'une seconde face intérieure (18) faisant face à la seconde face intérieure (18) de ladite autre seconde paroi (79);
    dans laquelle le second bord supérieur (79') de ladite seconde paroi (79), au niveau de ladite seconde face intérieure (18), affleure ou est disposé en retrait par rapport au premier bord inférieur (78") de ladite première paroi (78) correspondante au niveau de ladite première face intérieure (16).
  12. Installation (1) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que lesdites premières parois (78) et lesdites secondes parois (79) sont sensiblement rigides.
EP22187952.1A 2021-07-30 2022-07-29 Installation de production de non-tissés Active EP4124685B1 (fr)

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IT202100020534 2021-07-30

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EP4124685B1 true EP4124685B1 (fr) 2024-01-31

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Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3419720A1 (de) * 1984-05-26 1985-11-28 Veb Kombinat Technische Textilien Karl-Marx-Stadt, Ddr 9010 Karl-Marx-Stadt Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von elementarfadenvlies
DE3503818C1 (de) 1985-02-05 1986-04-30 Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co Maschinenfabrik, 5210 Troisdorf Vorrichtung zum Verstrecken von Monofilfadenbuendeln
DE3713862A1 (de) * 1987-04-25 1988-11-10 Reifenhaeuser Masch Verfahren und spinnvliesanlage zur herstellung eines spinnvlieses aus synthetischem endlosfilament
JP2001207368A (ja) * 2000-01-24 2001-08-03 Chisso Corp 長繊維不織布の製造装置及びその製造方法
ATE381630T1 (de) 2002-02-28 2008-01-15 Reifenhaeuser Gmbh & Co Kg Anlage zur kontinuierlichen herstellung einer spinnvliesbahn

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