EP4116626A1 - Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner - Google Patents

Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4116626A1
EP4116626A1 EP21184523.5A EP21184523A EP4116626A1 EP 4116626 A1 EP4116626 A1 EP 4116626A1 EP 21184523 A EP21184523 A EP 21184523A EP 4116626 A1 EP4116626 A1 EP 4116626A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
circuit
signal
output
flame
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21184523.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Giancarlo PIROVANO
Federico RATTIN
Nicola LOVISON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sit SpA
Original Assignee
Sit SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sit SpA filed Critical Sit SpA
Priority to EP21184523.5A priority Critical patent/EP4116626A1/de
Publication of EP4116626A1 publication Critical patent/EP4116626A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/26—Details
    • F23N5/265—Details using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/12—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods
    • F23N5/123—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using ionisation-sensitive elements, i.e. flame rods using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/28—Ignition circuits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2227/00—Ignition or checking
    • F23N2227/36—Spark ignition, e.g. by means of a high voltage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for generating a driving signal of a flame circuit intended to be used for igniting and/or detecting a flame on a burner, in particular a gas burner.
  • the system according to the invention finds a particular, although not exclusive, application in the technical field of apparatuses adapted to generate a spark for igniting a flame on gas burners, in particular of boilers.
  • Apparatuses are known in such a technical field, comprising a voltage booster connected at the input to a source of electricity and at the output to a circuit for generating an electric discharge for igniting a flame.
  • the invention may also find a particular application in the technical field of flame detection devices on gas burners.
  • the voltage booster contained in such apparatuses is designed to raise a DC Ultra Low Voltage (ULV), typically between 12 V and 24 V, providing a DC voltage in the order of 200 V at the output.
  • ULV DC Ultra Low Voltage
  • a battery, or a battery backup connected to the electrical network, is electrically connected to the voltage booster to feed the latter by means of the DC ULV.
  • the level of electrical voltage present at the input to the voltage booster may greatly affect the correct generation of the electric discharge.
  • the powering of the circuit for generating an electric discharge may prove insufficient, with a consequent lack of ignition of the flame in the burner.
  • numeral 100 indicates as a whole a device for generating an output signal 3 intended to be used for igniting and/or detecting a flame on a gas burner.
  • the device 100 comprises a voltage-booster circuit 1 comprising an input 8 intended to be fed by a DC voltage input signal 2 and an output 31.
  • the voltage-booster circuit 1 is configured to convert the input signal 2 into the output signal 3, so that the output signal 3 has a higher voltage than that of the input signal 2, and to provide the output signal 3 at the output 31.
  • the output signal 3 is intended to power a flame circuit, which, in the embodiment shown in the Figures, comprises both a first electrical circuit 4, arranged to generate an electric discharge adapted to ignite a flame on a gas burner 200, as well as a second electrical circuit 27 arranged to detect a flame on the gas burner 200.
  • the output signal drives only the flame generation circuit or only the flame detection circuit or both circuits.
  • the voltage of the input signal 2 is between 3 V and 24 V.
  • the device 100 comprises a control circuit 6 connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 so as to define a closed loop control system (preferably with negative feedback) of the voltage-booster circuit 1.
  • the control circuit 6 is configured to control the voltage-booster circuit 1 by means of a control signal 7 generated based on the output signal 3 and a desired DC voltage 9, so that the voltage of the output signal 3 substantially corresponds the desired DC voltage 9.
  • the output signal 3 is a DC voltage signal.
  • the output signal 3 may consist of a DC voltage and a voltage ripple superimposed on the DC voltage. In this case, the value of the voltage ripple is limited and the output signal 3 may be considered as a substantially DC voltage.
  • Such features are particularly advantageous for ensuring the stability of the output signal 3 even in the presence of variations in the input signal 2, in particular for ensuring a voltage of the output signal 3 which is substantially constant over time despite possible variations in the voltage of the input signal 2 with respect to the initial DC voltage value thereof.
  • control signal 7 generated by the control circuit 6 is a voltage signal.
  • control circuit 6 is configured to generate the control signal 7 based on at least one difference between the voltage value of the output signal 3 and the desired DC voltage 9.
  • the desired DC voltage 9 is equal to 200 V, therefore the voltage of the output signal 3 will be substantially equal to 200 V.
  • FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the voltage-booster circuit 1 and the control circuit 6 belonging to the device 100 according to the invention.
  • the voltage-booster circuit 1 comprises a transformer 10 which comprises a primary circuit 11 connected to the input 8 to be fed by the input signal 2 and a secondary circuit 12 connected to the output 31 for generating the output signal 3 when it is powered by the primary circuit 11.
  • the primary circuit 11 comprises a switching device 13 connected to the control circuit 6.
  • the primary circuit 11 and the secondary circuit 12 comprise a primary winding 14 and a secondary winding 15, respectively.
  • the ratio of coils between the primary winding 14 and the secondary winding 15 is equal to 1:10.
  • the control circuit 6 is configured to control the opening and/or closing of the switching device 13 by means of the control signal 7 to open and / or close the primary circuit 11.
  • the opening of the switching device 13 places the primary circuit 11 in an open state with a consequent decrease in the current circulating in such a primary circuit 11.
  • the closure of the switching device 13 places the primary circuit 11 in a closed state. This allows the passage and increase of current circulating in the primary circuit 11 when this is fed by the input signal 2, determining an energy charge in the primary circuit 11.
  • the variation in the open/closed state of the switching device 13 thus causes a variation over time in the intensity of the current circulating in the primary circuit 11, and therefore a variation in the energy transferred to the secondary circuit 12.
  • This variation thus allows controlling the voltage of the output signal 3 so that it substantially corresponds to the desired constant voltage 9.
  • the device 100 comprises a capacitor 53 connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 between the secondary circuit 12, in particular the secondary winding 15, and the output 31 to accumulate the energy transferred from the primary circuit 11 to the secondary circuit 12 and provide it to the output 31.
  • the voltage at the ends of the capacitor 53 corresponds to the output signal 3 intended to feed the first electrical circuit 4 and/or the second electrical circuit 27.
  • control signal 7 is a rectangular wave.
  • the control signal 7 may thus vary over time alternatively taking a high voltage level and a low voltage level.
  • control signal 7 has a constant frequency.
  • the high voltage level is between 3.3 and 5 V.
  • the low voltage level is substantially equal to 0 V.
  • control circuit 6 comprises a processing unit 16.
  • processing unit 16 is configured to generate the control signal 7.
  • the processing unit 16 is configured to vary the duty cycle of the control signal 7 based on the output signal 3 and the desired DC voltage 9.
  • the processing unit 16 comprises a microcontroller adapted to generate the control signal 7.
  • the duty cycle is varied by the control unit 16 according to an automatic control logic in which the duty cycle is varied at least based on the difference (error) between the output signal 3 and the desired DC voltage 9.
  • the duty cycle of the control signal of the switching device 13 it is possible to compensate for possible voltage variations of the input signal, for example due to the presence of a battery which is not fully charged or not perfectly functioning. Such drops, in the absence of the control circuit 6, would affect the output signal causing the flame circuit to work out of specification, with a consequent possible failure to ignite and/or detect the flame.
  • the duty cycle is equal to 50% if the output signal 3 corresponds to the desired DC voltage 9, while it is higher or lower than 50% if the output signal 3 is lower or higher than the desired DC voltage 9, respectively.
  • the automatic control logic may provide a control of the PI or PID type.
  • the desired DC voltage 9 is an information stored in a memory included in the processing unit 16 and/or it may be set by an operator by means of an input interface of the control circuit 6.
  • the switching device 13 is arranged to take a closed state when the control signal 7 takes a high voltage level and to take an open state when the control signal 7 takes a low voltage level.
  • the switching device 13 comprises a transistor 17 having a threshold voltage V T .
  • the threshold voltage V T is lower than the high voltage level of the control signal 7.
  • the transistor 17 is a Mosfet, in particular an N-channel Mosfet, having the Gate terminal 18 connected to the control circuit 6, in particular to the processing unit 16, so that the control signal 7 is applied to the Gate terminal 18, the Drain terminal 19 being connected to the primary circuit 11, in particular to a terminal of the primary winding 14, and the Source terminal 20 being grounded.
  • the voltage V GS between the Gate 18 and the Source terminals 20 is greater than the threshold voltage V T of the transistor 17, thus obtaining a current passage I D between the Drain terminal 19 and the Source terminal 20.
  • the switching device 13 In this operating condition, the switching device 13 is in the closed state, and therefore the current circulating in the primary circuit 11 increases.
  • the control circuit 6 comprises a voltage divider 21 connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 and to the processing unit 16 to provide the latter with a reduced voltage signal preferably proportional to the voltage of the output signal 3 of the voltage-booster circuit 1.
  • the processing unit 16 is configured to vary the duty cycle of the control signal 7 based on the voltage signal provided by the voltage divider 21 and the desired DC voltage 9.
  • the voltage divider 21 is provided with an input 22 connected to the secondary circuit 12 of the transformer 10 and an output 23 connected to the processing unit 16.
  • the voltage divider 21 comprises a resistive component 24 connected to the input 22 and a capacitive-resistive component 25 connected in series to the resistive component 24.
  • the resistive component 24 comprises a pair of resistors connected to each other in series and each having a resistance equal to some M ⁇ .
  • the capacitive-resistive component 25 comprises a resistor having a resistance equal to 20 K ⁇ connected in parallel to a capacitor having a capacity equal to 10nF.
  • the output 23 of the voltage divider 21 is provided between the resistive component 24 and the capacitive-resistive component 25 so that the voltage signal present at the output 23 corresponds to the voltage on the capacitive-resistive component 25.
  • the device 100 comprises an electric accumulator or an electric generator 26 connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 and adapted to generate the input signal 2 to feed the voltage-booster circuit 1.
  • the electric accumulator or generator 26 is connected to the primary circuit 11 of the transformer 10.
  • the electric accumulator or generator 26 may be a battery or a battery backup connected to an electrical network.
  • the device 100 comprises a first electrical circuit 4.
  • the first electrical circuit 4 comprises at least one discharge electrode 5 connected to the output 31 of the voltage-booster circuit 1 to generate an electric discharge intended to ignite a flame on the gas burner 200 when the first electrical circuit 4 is powered by the output signal 3.
  • Such a feature is particularly useful to ensure the ignition of a flame in the gas burner 200 despite possible voltage variations in the input signal 2.
  • Figure 3 shows an embodiment of the first electrical circuit 4 of the device 100 according to the invention.
  • the first electrical circuit 4 comprises a transformer 28 provided with a primary winding 29 connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 so as to be powered by the output signal 3.
  • the transformer 28 further comprises a secondary winding 30 connected to the at least one discharge electrode 5.
  • the transformation ratio of the transformer 28 is preferably equal to 100.
  • the first electrical circuit 4 further comprises a capacitor 36 and a usually open Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) 37.
  • SCR Silicon Controlled Rectifier
  • the first electrical circuit 4 may lack the capacitor 36 if the device 100 is provided with the capacitor 53.
  • the capacitor 53 performs the functions described below of the capacitor 36.
  • the SCR 37 acts as a closed switch when a current (command signal 34) is provided to the Gate terminal thereof, allowing the passage of current between the Drain and Source terminals thereof.
  • Such a behavior is maintained by the SCR 37 as long as current flows between the Drain terminal and the Source terminal, even if the command signal on the Gate terminal is removed.
  • the command signal 34 is preferably generated by the control circuit 6.
  • Vs (specifically, about 200 V).
  • the capacitor 36 is charged and the command signal 34 is sent to the Gate terminal of the SCR 37 which thus passes to a conduction state, grounding the terminal of the primary winding 29.
  • the voltage Vs is applied to the ends of the primary winding 29 of the transformer 28, and is returned to the ends of the secondary winding 30.
  • the voltage on the secondary winding 30 will thus be equal to about 20,000 V, sufficient to generate an electric discharge by means of at least one discharge electrode 5.
  • the voltage on the secondary winding 30 allows generating a spark between two electrodes, one of which is grounded, or between an electrode and the burner.
  • the transformation ratio of the transformer 28 equal to 100 allows the primary winding 29 to have a low electrical resistance and a low inductance. This involves a rapid growth of the current in the primary winding 29 when the SCR 37 is triggered, with a consequent discharge of the capacitor 36.
  • the SCR 37 returns to the rest condition (open switch) as soon as the oscillation stops (usually after a few hundred microseconds) and after having finished sending the command signal on the Gate terminal of the SCR 37. At this point, the capacitor 36 may be recharged so as to start a new cycle.
  • the energy of the spark is closely linked to the energy stored by the capacitor 36 (or by the capacitor 53 if the capacitor 36 is not present), therefore, it is important to keep the voltage at which such a capacitor is charged, i.e., the voltage of the output signal 3, constant.
  • the device 100 comprises a second electrical circuit 27 arranged to detect a flame on the gas burner 200.
  • the second electrical circuit 27 comprises a flame amplifier 38 connected to the output 31 of the voltage-booster circuit 1 to generate at the output point 48 thereof a predetermined signal 33 when it is powered by the output signal 3.
  • the predetermined signal 33 is an alternating voltage signal, preferably with a null average (without the DC component).
  • the predetermined signal has a known amplitude.
  • the second electrical circuit 27 further comprises an ionization electrode 39 connected to the output point 48 of the flame amplifier 38 so as to be powered by the predetermined signal 33.
  • the ionization electrode 39 is designed to generate an ionization current 37 which causes the alteration of the predetermined signal 33 when the ionization electrode 39 is subjected to a flame.
  • the predetermined signal 33 has a non-null average.
  • the second electrical circuit 27 further comprises a detector device 49 connected to the output point 48 of the flame amplifier 38 to receive the predetermined signal 33 and configured to generate a flame signal 54 representative of the presence of a flame if the received predetermined signal is altered by the ionization current 37.
  • the detector device 49 is arranged to receive the predetermined input signal 33 and to generate the output flame signal 54 if the predetermined signal received has a non-null average.
  • Such features are particularly useful to ensure the detection of a flame in the gas burner 200 despite possible voltage variations in the input signal 2.
  • the device 100 ensures a substantially constant feeding over time of the second electrical circuit 27 by means of the output signal 3.
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the second electrical circuit 27.
  • the flame amplifier 38 of the second electrical circuit 27 comprises a voltage generator 41 adapted to generate a voltage signal Vg, preferably in the form of a square wave and with a frequency equal to about ten Hertz (for example 40 Hz), and a first transistor 42.
  • the first transistor 42 has the slip ring connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 so as to be powered by the output signal 3, the base connected to the voltage generator 41 so that the voltage signal Vg is adapted to activate the first transistor 42 and the emitter connected to a resistor 43.
  • the system defined by voltage generator 41, first transistor 42 and resistor 43 constitutes a current generator having a value equal to the ratio between the voltage signal Vg and the resistance value of resistor 43 when the voltage signal Vg is at a high level and equal to zero when the voltage signal Vg is at a low level.
  • the voltage signal Vg generated by the voltage generator 41 may be controlled by the processing unit 16.
  • the first transistor 42 is connected to the voltage-booster circuit 1 by means of a resistor 44 and a capacitor 45 in parallel with such a resistor, so that when the first transistor 42 is active (traversed by current) the current of the slip ring thereof allows the capacitor 45 to be charged.
  • the capacitor 45 discharges on the resistor 44 in an exponential manner.
  • the flame amplifier 38 further comprises a second transistor 46 in a voltage follower configuration so as to reproduce at the emitter thereof the voltage present on the slip ring of the first transistor 42.
  • the flame amplifier 38 further comprises a capacitor 47 connected to the emitter of the second transistor 46 so as to remove the DC component of the signal present at such an emitter.
  • the other end of the capacitor 47 is connected to the output point 48 of the flame amplifier 38.
  • the voltage downstream of the capacitor 47 thus corresponds to the predetermined signal 33 generated by the flame amplifier 38.
  • the ionization electrode 39 is connected to the capacitor 47 at the output point 48, preferably by means of a corresponding resistor to limit the ionization current.
  • an alternating signal in particular exponential
  • a null average i.e., without a DC component
  • the flame is characterized by the so-called "rectifying effect", i.e., it has a lower resistance (greater ionization current) to positive voltages than that shown for negative voltages (diode effect), in the presence of a flame the charges lost by the capacitor 47 during the positive half-wave of the voltage output from the emitter of the second transistor 46 will thus be greater than those recovered during the negative half-wave of such a voltage.
  • the ionization current 37 thus alters the predetermined signal 33.
  • the detector device 49 of the second electrical circuit 27 comprises an operational amplifier 50 with an inverting input connected to the output point 48 by means of a resistor 51 and a noninverting input connected to the inverting one by means of a capacitor 52.
  • the output of the operational amplifier 50 is connected to the inverting input by means of a further resistor 55 so that the operational amplifier 50 is adapted to generate an output voltage Vf representative of the presence of a flame.
  • the flame signal 54 of the detector device 49 thus coincides with the voltage Vf generated by the operational amplifier 50.
  • the ratio between the voltage Vf and the amplitude of the voltage on the ionization electrode 39 is a function of the ratio between the flame resistance and the sum of the resistances of the resistors 51 and 55.
  • the voltage Vf is equal to zero.
  • the voltage Vf is other than zero.
  • keeping the amplitude of the voltage on the ionization electrode 39 constant over time is particularly important so as to reliably detect a flame on the gas burner 200.
  • a gas burner 200 comprises the device 100.
  • the gas burner 200 comprises a main burner 32 for generating a main flame.
  • the discharge electrode 5 of the first electrical circuit 4 is arranged close to the burner 32 to ignite the flame.
  • the ionization electrode 39 of the second electrical circuit 27 is arranged close to the burner 32 to detect the presence of the flame on the latter during the operation thereof.
  • a boiler 300 comprises the gas burner 200.
  • the boiler 300 comprises a main valve 35 placed upstream of the burner 32 to allow the passage and/or intercept a flow of gas directed to the burner 32.
  • the device 100 and/or the burner 200 may be associated with a space heating system or with a stove.
  • the boiler 300 may be associated with a heating system for heating spaces.
  • the invention thus solves the suggested issue, while achieving at least one advantage mentioned above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
EP21184523.5A 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner Withdrawn EP4116626A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21184523.5A EP4116626A1 (de) 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21184523.5A EP4116626A1 (de) 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner

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EP4116626A1 true EP4116626A1 (de) 2023-01-11

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EP21184523.5A Withdrawn EP4116626A1 (de) 2021-07-08 2021-07-08 Versorgungsvorrichtung einer flammenschaltung für brenner

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6222719B1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2001-04-24 Andrew S. Kadah Ignition boost and rectification flame detection circuit
US20160116170A1 (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Grand Mate Co., Ltd. Ignition controlling device of gas appliance
CN109780570B (zh) * 2019-01-25 2020-01-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 基于boost原理的点火检火电路和燃气壁挂炉

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6222719B1 (en) * 1999-07-15 2001-04-24 Andrew S. Kadah Ignition boost and rectification flame detection circuit
US20160116170A1 (en) * 2014-10-22 2016-04-28 Grand Mate Co., Ltd. Ignition controlling device of gas appliance
CN109780570B (zh) * 2019-01-25 2020-01-21 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 基于boost原理的点火检火电路和燃气壁挂炉

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