EP4095464B1 - Systeme et procede d'emission de neige artificielle avec tracabilite du vent - Google Patents

Systeme et procede d'emission de neige artificielle avec tracabilite du vent Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4095464B1
EP4095464B1 EP22175304.9A EP22175304A EP4095464B1 EP 4095464 B1 EP4095464 B1 EP 4095464B1 EP 22175304 A EP22175304 A EP 22175304A EP 4095464 B1 EP4095464 B1 EP 4095464B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
snow
flow
optical device
outlet opening
emitting device
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EP22175304.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4095464A1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Rieder
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Technoalpin Holding SpA
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Technoalpin Holding SpA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C3/00—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow
    • F25C3/04—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for producing ice or snow for winter sports or similar recreational purposes, e.g. for sporting installations; Producing artificial snow for sledging or ski trails; Producing artificial snow

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system and a method for the emission of artificial snow with wind traceability.
  • the present invention belongs to the sector of snow production for ski slopes.
  • snow guns are the most widely used tools for distributing snow on ski slopes.
  • the snow flow generated by the guns is heavily influenced by the wind which diverts the trajectory thereof, leading to non-optimal distributions or unwanted or excessive accumulations of snow in unrequested areas.
  • the snow guns follow the wind direction in the best possible manner in order to ensure the best possible snow quality. Therefore, the snow guns are controlled to allow an even distribution of snow on ski slopes.
  • a measurement is performed by means of special sensors, for example anemometers, installed locally along the ski slopes.
  • the guns receive information about wind speed and direction from a weather station arranged near the guns themselves.
  • a control unit makes an estimate (indirect measurement) on the trajectory of the snow flow and adjusts the snow guns as a function of the deviation of the wind (for example by compensating it) and thus obtains the desired uniform distribution.
  • both the wind direction and the wind speed show a high variance within short distances (especially in alpine areas). For this reason, the measurement carried out by remote stations can lead to several errors in the estimation of the wind intensity and speed which influences specific snow guns.
  • the compensation carried out in the light of the estimate is only possible for fixed snow guns which do not require changes of orientation.
  • the known solutions require stable and real-time communication between the guns and stations in order to make the best calculation to obtain an optimal compensation.
  • the documents JP 2002 277124 A , US 5 176 320 A , WO 03/085336 A1 and US 2013/036735 A1 disclose artificial snow emitting systems.
  • the document IT 2019 0000 6570 A1 discloses snow guns and snow lances with camera to detect people skiing on a ski slope.
  • the technical task of the present invention is thus to provide a system and a method for the emission of artificial snow which are capable of overcoming the prior-art drawbacks which have emerged.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a system and a method for the emission of artificial snow which allow a direct recognition of the impact of the wind on the snow flow released from the gun.
  • a further object of the present invention is therefore to provide a system and a method for the emission of artificial snow which allow a compensation for obtaining a distribution of snow on the slopes which is as uniform and optimal as possible.
  • a system for the emission of artificial snow comprising a device for emitting an artificial snow flow comprising a tubular body extending along a snow direction between an inlet opening and an outlet opening, blowing means for generating an air flow between the inlet opening and the outlet opening and snow generation means associated with the outlet opening.
  • the system further comprises at least one optical device, oriented along the snow direction, configured to monitor a snow flow emitted from the outlet opening so as to generate and send detection signals identifying the monitored snow flow and in particular the emission direction of the snow flow.
  • the system further comprises a processing unit configured to receive the detection signals and to compare them with reference data and send a command signal to the emitting device to control the artificial snow flow and/or an alarm signal to an operator if the comparison results in a difference between the monitored detection signals and the reference data.
  • the command signal envisages controlling the emitting device so as to adjust an orientation of the emitting device itself (i.e., of the flow) or to adjust an intensity of the emitted snow flow.
  • the specified technical task and the specified objects are substantially achieved by a method for controlling a system according to one or more of the preceding claims comprising the steps of monitoring an artificial snow flow released from an outlet opening of an emitting device, generating detection signals identifying the monitored artificial snow flow, comparing the monitored detection signals with reference data, sending a command signal to the emitting device to control the artificial snow flow and/or an alarm signal to an operator if the comparison results in a (directional) difference between the data of the monitored detection signals and the reference data.
  • 1 denotes overall a system for the emission of artificial snow.
  • the system 1 comprises an emitting device 2, at least one optical device 3 and a processing unit (not shown).
  • the emitting device 2 comprises a tubular body 4 extending along a snow direction "A" between an inlet opening 5 and an outlet opening 6.
  • the emitting device 2 envisages emitting an artificial snow flow "F” by sucking an air flow in input at the inlet opening 5 and releasing an artificial snow flow "F” through the outlet opening 6.
  • tubular body 4 internally defines a passage area 7 in fluid communication with the external environment through the inlet opening 5 and the outlet opening 6.
  • the emitting device 2 therefore comprises blowing means 8 operatively associated with the tubular body 4 for generating, in use, an air flow in the passage area 7 along the snow direction "A" which goes from the inlet opening 5 to the outlet opening 6.
  • the blowing means 8 can be defined, for example, by a fan having the snow direction "A" as its rotation axis.
  • the emitting device 2 comprises snow generation means associated with the outlet opening 6.
  • the snow generation means comprises nucleator nozzles 9 operatively associated with the tubular body 4 for injecting, in use, freezing nuclei in the air flow which are thus transported by the air flow itself and nebulisation nozzles 10 operatively associated with the tubular body 4 for injecting, in use, particles of nebulised liquid into the air flow which are thus transported by the air flow itself.
  • the emitting device 2 can further comprise a base 11 provided with means for adjusting a horizontal and vertical orientation of the emitting device 2 itself or of the tubular body 4.
  • the emitting device 2 is made in the form of a snow gun.
  • the emitting device 2 could be made in the form of a lance for artificial snow and thus the present invention also extends to such an application.
  • the optical device 3 is oriented along the snow direction "A". That is, the optical device 3 can be integrated with or separate from the emitting device 2, but in both cases it is directed towards the outlet opening 6.
  • the optical device 3 has an axis of vision thereof which is substantially parallel to the snow direction A.
  • the optical device 3 is arranged in a lower portion of the outlet opening 6 or of the tubular body 4.
  • the optical device 3 can be mounted in another portion of the emitting device 2 (for example above the outlet opening 6) or be separate therefrom but always directed so as to observe the snow flow "F" exiting the outlet opening 6.
  • the optical device 3 is therefore configured to monitor a snow flow "F” emitted from the outlet opening 6 so as to generate and send detection signals identifying the monitored snow flow "F” and, preferably, the emission direction of the snow flow "F".
  • detection signals refers to electrical signals containing information related to the detection made.
  • said detection signals are optical signals in which the term "optical signals” means digital images, temperature matrices, three-dimensional representations or similar visual representations of the portion of space immediately near or facing the outlet opening 6 and depicting the snow flow "F" according to one or more features which allow a clear identification in the space.
  • the optical device 3 allows to obtain a direct measurement of the impact of the wind on the snow flow "F", as will be clearer in the continuation of the present description.
  • the optical device 3 also allows to obtain a measurement or an estimate of the volume of snow produced in a certain period of time. That is, the optical device 3 can be made in the form of one or more cameras (example 2-3) or other similar device capable of obtaining images or visual representations of the snow flow "F" emitted from the emitting device 2.
  • the optical device 3 is configured to distinguish the edges of the snow flow "F” from the surrounding environment so as to identify the current emission direction of the snow flow "F” with respect to an ideal reference direction which preferably coincides with the snow direction "A".
  • the optical device 3 comprises at least one thermal sensor 12, preferably array, configured to detect a temperature distribution of the snow flow "F" emitted from the outlet opening 6.
  • the optical device 3 or the thermal sensor 12 is made in the form of an infrared camera.
  • the optical signals generated by the thermal sensor 12 comprise, for example, a temperature matrix in which the different portions of the snow flow "F" are represented by different colours identifying the temperature thereof, as shown in figures 3A and 3B .
  • the optical device 3 comprises at least one LIDAR sensor configured to determine the concentration of snow flow "F" emitted from the outlet opening.
  • the LIDAR sensor allows to obtain a measurement of the volume produced by the emitting device 2 in a certain period of time.
  • the optical device 3 comprises at least one RADAR sensor for detecting a direction and a speed of the snow flow "F" emitted from the outlet opening 6.
  • the optical device 3 can comprise one or more of the devices described above.
  • the optical device 3 can comprise a camera and/or an array thermal sensor 12 and/or a LIDAR sensor and/or a RADAR sensor as a function of the needs and the particular location of the emitting device 2 along the ski slope or in the territory of interest or as a function of the economic possibilities of the possible manager of the ski slope.
  • the processing unit which can be integrated with the emitting device 2 or external thereto (for example placed in a ski slope control unit or the ski lift) is configured to receive the detection signals and compare them with reference data.
  • reference data means digital images, temperature matrices, three-dimensional representations or similar visual representations of the portion of space immediately near or facing the outlet opening 6 and representative of a snow flow "F" correctly emitted to obtain a uniformly distributed snowpack.
  • Such "reference data” can be represented by a reference optical signal.
  • the processing unit sends a command signal to the emitting device to control (or regulate) the artificial snow flow "F".
  • the processing unit is configured to send a command signal to the emitting device 2 (or to a general command unit of the emitting devices 2 distributed along a ski slope) to regulate an orientation of the emitting device itself and/or an intensity of the emitted snow flow "F" preferably, in terms of water fed to the nozzles and rotation speed of the blowing means 8. That is, the processing unit is configured to command one or more of the components described above of the emitting device 2 in order to correct, if possible, the emitted snow flow "F" as a function of the atmospheric conditions (and in particular with reference to flow deviations). For example, the processing unit can send a command signal to the emitting device 2 which allows the same to orient itself so as to ensure perfect tailwind flow conditions.
  • the processing unit can send a command signal to the emitting device 2 so that it is oriented against the wind.
  • the processing unit can send a command signal to the emitting device 2 to vertically tilt the emitting device 2 itself.
  • the processing unit sends an alarm signal to the operator so that the same can control the emitting device 2.
  • the processing unit sends both the command signal and the error signal so that an operator can know if and when irregularities have occurred in the snow distribution due to weather conditions.
  • the processing unit is configured to compare the detection signals with reference data representative of an artificial snow flow "F" distributed along a central vertical acquisition axis "V" of the optical device 3 so as to identify a deviation of the monitored artificial snow flow "F".
  • figure 3A can be understood as a reference optical signal in which the snow flow "F” is aligned with the central vertical axis "V” and figure 3B is an optical signal in which the snow flow "F” is deviated from the wind and whose comparison with the image of figure 3A would require sending the command signal and/or the alarm signal by the control unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to compare the detection signals with reference data representative of the tilting limits of the optical device 3.
  • the emitting device 2 operating in wind/flow tracking mode is set with a snow area through the left and right tilting limits. If the flow is central, the emitting device 2 will move towards the centre between the two tilting angles, otherwise the dispensing device 2 will follow the flow direction up to the maximum limit set by the operator.
  • the emitting device 2 can operate differently (not necessarily tracking) always as a function of what is detected by the optical device 3.
  • the alarm signal is sent or the emitting device 2 is stopped, avoiding depositing the snow produced outside the angles desired by the operator.
  • the system 1 comprises a signal transmission device, between the optical device 3 and the processing unit, of wired or wireless type.
  • the processing unit acquires the detection signals representative of a thermal image and compares them with the image of figure 3A .
  • the central position of the array thermal sensor 12 with respect to the flow makes the analysis temperature matrix symmetrical.
  • an algorithm of a specific program installed or installable in the processing unit analyses the temperature matrix detected by the array thermal sensor 12, appropriately weighing the values and giving a relationship with respect to the centre of the image, in output from the algorithm it is thus indicated if the flow is in a central position (the snow flow "F" corresponds to that of figure 3A ), tends hardly or greatly to the left ( Figure 3B ) or tends hardly or greatly to the right.
  • each system 1 can comprise its own processing unit or that a single processing unit located for example in a control station is configured to command the different emitting devices 2 as a function of the signals obtained from the respective optical devices 3.
  • the present invention further relates to a method for controlling a system 1 as described above.
  • the method comprises the steps of monitoring an artificial snow flow "F” released from an outlet opening 6 of an emitting device 2, generating (and sending) detection signals identifying the emission direction of the monitored artificial snow flow "F", comparing the monitored optical signals with reference data related to a predetermined emission direction, and sending a command signal to the emitting device 2 to adjust the artificial snow flow "F” and/or sending an alarm signal to an operator if the comparison results in a difference between the monitored detection signals and the reference data.
  • the method can envisage comparing the detection signals with reference data representative of an artificial snow flow "F" distributed along a central vertical acquisition axis of the optical device 3 so as to identify a deviation of the monitored artificial snow flow "F".
  • the method can envisage comparing the detection signals with reference data representative of the tilting limits of the optical device.
  • the present invention is able to overcome the drawbacks which have emerged from the prior art.
  • the present invention allows to obtain an immediate recognition of the impact of the wind on the snow flow "F" released from the gun.
  • the present invention allows to obtain a precise compensation of the artificial snow flow "F" for obtaining a uniform and optimal distribution of snow on ski slopes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Indicating Or Recording The Presence, Absence, Or Direction Of Movement (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Système (1) d'émission de neige artificielle, comprenant :
    - un dispositif d'émission (2) d'un flux de neige (F) artificielle, comprenant un corps tubulaire (4) se prolongeant le long d'une direction d'enneigement (A) entre une ouverture d'entrée (5) et une ouverture de sortie (6), des moyens de soufflage (8) pour générer un flux d'air entre ladite ouverture d'entrée (5) et ladite ouverture de sortie (6) et des moyens de génération de neige associés à l'ouverture de sortie (6) ;
    - au moins un dispositif optique (3) associé audit dispositif d'émission et orienté selon ladite direction d'enneigement (A), configuré pour détecter la direction d'émission dudit flux de neige (F) émis par ladite ouverture de sortie (6) et pour générer et envoyer des signaux de détection représentatifs dudit flux de neige (F) détecté ;
    - une unité de traitement configurée pour recevoir lesdits signaux de détection et pour les comparer à des données de référence relatives à une direction d'enneigement de référence ;
    ladite unité de traitement est de plus configurée pour envoyer un signal de commande audit dispositif d'émission (2) afin de contrôler la génération dudit flux de neige (F) artificielle et/ou un signal d'alarme à un opérateur si ladite comparaison aboutit à une différence entre la direction d'émission détectée du flux de neige (F) et ladite direction d'enneigement de référence.
  2. Système (1) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel ladite unité de traitement est configurée pour distinguer ledit flux de neige (F) du milieu environnant et pour détecter la direction d'émission du flux de neige (F) .
  3. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique (3) comprend au moins un capteur thermique (12) configuré pour détecter une distribution de température du flux de neige (F) émis par l'ouverture de sortie (6), de préférence ledit capteur thermique réseau (12) étant une caméra infrarouge.
  4. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique (3) comprend au moins un capteur LIDAR configuré pour déterminer la concentration du flux de neige (F) émis par l'ouverture de sortie (6).
  5. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique (3) comprend au moins un capteur RADAR pour détecter une direction et une vitesse du flux et du volume de neige (F) émis par l'ouverture de sortie (6).
  6. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite unité de traitement est configurée pour envoyer un signal de commande au dispositif d'émission (2) pour faire varier une orientation du dispositif d'émission (2) lui-même et/ou une intensité du flux de neige (F) émis par rapport à une orientation et/ou une intensité du flux initial.
  7. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite unité de traitement est configurée pour comparer lesdits signaux de détection avec des données de référence représentatives d'un flux de neige (F) artificielle réparti le long d'un axe d'acquisition vertical central (V) du dispositif optique (3) afin d'identifier une déviation du flux de neige (F) artificielle surveillé.
  8. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ladite unité de traitement est configurée pour comparer lesdits signaux de détection avec des données de référence représentatives des limites d'inclinaison du dispositif optique (3).
  9. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique (3) est monté sur le dispositif émetteur (2) et orienté vers la direction d'enneigement (A).
  10. Système (1) selon la revendication 9, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique est disposé dans une partie inférieure de l'ouverture de sortie (6).
  11. Système selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, dans lequel ledit dispositif optique (3) a un axe de vision qui est essentiellement parallèle à la direction d'enneigement (A).
  12. Système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant un dispositif de transmission de signaux, entre le dispositif optique (3) et l'unité de traitement, de type filaire ou sans fil.
  13. Procédé de contrôle d'un système (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, comprenant les étapes de :
    - surveiller un flux de neige (F) artificielle libéré par une ouverture de sortie (6) d'un dispositif d'émission (2) ;
    - générer des signaux de détection identifiant la direction d'émission du flux de neige (F) artificielle surveillé ;
    - comparer lesdits signaux de détection surveillés à des données de référence relatives à une direction d'enneigement de référence ;
    - envoyer un signal de commande audit dispositif d'émission (2) pour contrôler ledit flux de neige (F) artificielle et/ou un signal d'alarme à un opérateur si ladite comparaison révèle une différence entre la direction d'émission du flux de neige (F) détecté et ladite direction d'enneigement de référence.
EP22175304.9A 2021-05-28 2022-05-25 Systeme et procede d'emission de neige artificielle avec tracabilite du vent Active EP4095464B1 (fr)

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Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900006570A1 (it) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-06 Demaclenko It S R L Sistema e metodo di rilevamento del numero di utenti su almeno una pista da sci di un comprensorio sciistico

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5176320A (en) * 1992-03-04 1993-01-05 Kraus Robert A Device and method for measuring and controlling the water content in man made snow
JP2002277124A (ja) * 2001-03-19 2002-09-25 Masahiro Yuki 人工降雪機の降雪における、噴射流の過冷却水と氷核の光反射率・音波反射率・電波反射率の相違を利用した、過冷却水と氷核の分布状況・比率の計測方法と、それを利用した人工降雪機運転の自動制御の方法。
CH696447A5 (fr) * 2002-04-05 2007-06-15 Cdr Sarl Canon à neige.
US8393553B2 (en) * 2007-12-31 2013-03-12 Ric Enterprises Floating ice sheet based renewable thermal energy harvesting system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900006570A1 (it) * 2019-05-06 2020-11-06 Demaclenko It S R L Sistema e metodo di rilevamento del numero di utenti su almeno una pista da sci di un comprensorio sciistico

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