EP4093835A1 - Utilisation d'une composition de transfert de chaleur pour réguler la température d'une batterie - Google Patents
Utilisation d'une composition de transfert de chaleur pour réguler la température d'une batterieInfo
- Publication number
- EP4093835A1 EP4093835A1 EP21706339.5A EP21706339A EP4093835A1 EP 4093835 A1 EP4093835 A1 EP 4093835A1 EP 21706339 A EP21706339 A EP 21706339A EP 4093835 A1 EP4093835 A1 EP 4093835A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- battery
- heat transfer
- transfer composition
- weight
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the use of a heat transfer composition comprising at least one oil for cooling a battery of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the batteries of electric or hybrid vehicles give maximum performance under specific conditions of use and especially in a very specific temperature range.
- the autonomy of electric or hybrid vehicles is a problem, especially since the large heating needs consume a large part of the stored electrical energy.
- the available battery power is low, which causes a problem with driving.
- the cost of the battery contributes significantly to the cost of the electric or hybrid vehicle.
- Document US8852772 describes an example of a lithium-ion battery cooling system for use in a vehicle, said system comprising a plurality of cooling modules capable of receiving a dielectric liquid in channels which heat and cool the battery.
- Document WO2019197783 relates to a process for cooling and / or heating a body or a fluid in a motor vehicle, by means of a system comprising a vapor compression circuit in which circulates a first heat transfer composition and a secondary circuit in which a second heat transfer composition circulates.
- single-phase dielectric fluids in particular single-phase dielectric fluids, which make it possible to ensure optimal operation of batteries, in particular batteries of electric or hybrid vehicles, so as to provide efficient and secure batteries without increasing the costs associated with said batteries.
- single-phase is understood to mean a completely liquid phase which remains liquid during use, that is to say during temperature regulation, as opposed to phase change systems in which the temperature regulation is effected by vaporization. / condensation of a refrigerant.
- the present invention relates to the use of a heat transfer composition, preferably single-phase, comprising at least one aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid chosen from alkylbenzenes, alkyldiphenylethanes, alkylnaphthalenes, methylpolyarylmethanes, and mixtures thereof, for regulating the temperature of a battery.
- a heat transfer composition preferably single-phase, comprising at least one aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid chosen from alkylbenzenes, alkyldiphenylethanes, alkylnaphthalenes, methylpolyarylmethanes, and mixtures thereof, for regulating the temperature of a battery.
- the present invention makes it possible to meet the needs expressed above. It makes it possible to ensure optimal functioning of the batteries, in particular of electric or hybrid vehicles, so as to provide high-performance and secure batteries without increasing the costs associated with the batteries.
- an aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid chosen from alkylbenzenes, alkyldiphenylethanes, alkylnaphthalenes, methylpolyarylmethanes, and their mixtures makes it possible to provide a less viscous composition and greater thermal conductivity, in particular in comparison with the compositions of the prior art, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the batteries, in particular during rapid charging, without increasing the costs thereof.
- the composition for use according to the invention exhibits very good thermal characteristics as well as a breakdown voltage which is entirely compatible with said use, and in particular a breakdown voltage which is generally greater than or equal to 20 kV. .
- a breakdown voltage which is generally greater than or equal to 20 kV.
- the use according to the present invention is very particularly suitable for batteries and in particular batteries of electric or hybrid vehicles, and more generally of batteries equipping electric or hybrid means of transport, such as automobiles, trucks, trains, boats, two-wheeled vehicles (bicycles, motorcycles, scooters), industrial vehicles (such as tractors, excavators, fenwicks, agricultural machinery, and others), but also for machines (such as cash dispensers, banknotes, tickets , and others), as well as the battery charging stations themselves.
- Systems with electric or hybrid motors, and in particular motor vehicles, comprise at least one electric motor, and optionally a heat engine. They thus comprise an electronic circuit and a traction battery, referred to more simply as battery in the following.
- the battery can comprise at least one electrochemical cell, and preferably a plurality of electrochemical cells.
- Each electrochemical cell can have a negative electrode, a positive electrode and an electrolyte interposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode.
- Each electrochemical cell can also include a separator, in which the electrolyte is impregnated.
- the electrochemical cells can be assembled in series and / or in parallel in the battery.
- negative electrode is meant the electrode which acts as an anode, when the battery delivers current (that is to say when it is in the discharge process) and which acts as a cathode when the battery is charging.
- the negative electrode typically comprises an electrochemically active material, optionally an electronically conductive material, and optionally a binder.
- positive electrode is meant the electrode which acts as a cathode, when the battery delivers current (that is to say when it is in the discharge process) and which acts as an anode when the battery is charging.
- the positive electrode typically comprises an electrochemically active material, optionally an electronically conductive material, and optionally a binder.
- electrochemically active material means a material capable of reversibly inserting ions.
- electronically conductive material is understood to mean a material capable of conducting electrons.
- the negative electrode of the electrochemical cell can in particular comprise, as electrochemically active material, graphite, lithium, a lithium alloy, a lithium titanate of LLTi50i2 type or titanium oxide T1O2, silicon or an alloy of lithium and silicon, a tin oxide, an intermetallic compound of lithium, or a mixture thereof.
- the negative electrode when the negative electrode comprises lithium, the latter may be in the form of a metallic lithium film or of an alloy comprising lithium.
- the lithium-based alloys which may be used, mention may be made, for example, of lithium-aluminum alloys, lithium-silica alloys, lithium-tin alloys, Li-Zn, LhBi, LhCd and U3SB.
- An exemplary negative electrode may comprise a live lithium film prepared by laminating, between rolls, a lithium strip.
- the positive electrode comprises an electrochemically active material of the oxide type.
- these oxides are NMC532 (LiNio, 5Mno, 3Coo, 202), NMC622 (LiNio, 6Mno, 2Coo, 202) and NMC811
- the oxide material described above can optionally be combined with another oxide such as, for example, manganese dioxide (MnCk), iron oxide, copper oxide, nickel oxide, composite oxides.
- MnCk manganese dioxide
- iron oxide iron oxide
- copper oxide nickel oxide
- composite oxides lithium-manganese (for example LixMn204 or LixMn02), lithium-nickel composition oxides (for example Li x NiC> 2), lithium-cobalt composition oxides (for example Li x CoC> 2), lithium-nickel composite oxides cobalt (e.g.
- LiNii- y Co y 02 composite oxides of lithium and transition metal, composite lithium-manganese-nickel oxides of spinel structure (for example LixMr ⁇ -yNiyC), vanadium oxides, NMC and NCA oxides which are not high in nickel, and mixtures thereof.
- the NMC or NCA oxide with a high nickel content represents at least 50% by weight, preferably at least 75% by weight, more preferably at least 90% by weight, and more preferably still essentially the all of the oxide material present in the positive electrode as an electrochemically active material.
- each electrode may also comprise, besides the electrochemically active material, an electronically conductive material such as a carbon source, including, for example, carbon black, carbon Ketjen ®, carbon Shawinigan, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers (e.g. carbon fibers formed in gas phase or VGCF), powdery carbon obtained by carbonization of an organic precursor, or a combination of two or more of those -this.
- a carbon source including, for example, carbon black, carbon Ketjen ®, carbon Shawinigan, graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers (e.g. carbon fibers formed in gas phase or VGCF), powdery carbon obtained by carbonization of an organic precursor, or a combination of two or more of those -this.
- Other additives may also be present in the material of the positive electrode, such as lithium salts or inorganic particles of ceramic or glass type, or even other compatible active materials (for example, sulfur).
- the material of each electrode can also include a binder.
- binders include linear, branched and / or crosslinked polyether polymeric binders (eg, polymers based on poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), or poly (propylene oxide) (PPO) or a mixture of the two (or an EO / PO copolymer), and optionally comprising crosslinkable units), water-soluble binders (such as SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber), NBR (acrylonitrilebutadiene rubber), HNBR ( Hydrogenated NBR), CHR (epichlorohydrin rubber), ACM (acrylate rubber)), or fluoropolymer type binders (such as PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride), PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene), and their combinations. like those soluble in water, can also include an additive such as CMC (carboxymethylcellulose).
- CMC carboxymethylcellulose
- the separator can be a porous polymer film.
- the separator can be made of a porous polyolefin film such as ethylene homopolymers, propylene homopolymers, copolymers ethylene / butene, ethylene / hexene copolymers, ethylene / methacrylate copolymers, or multilayer structures of the above polymers.
- the electrolyte can consist of one or more lithium salts dissolved in a solvent or a mixture of solvents with one or more additives.
- the lithium salt or the lithium salts can be chosen from LiPFe (lithium hexafluorophosphate), LiFSI (lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide), LiTDI (2-trifluoromethyl) -4,5-lithium dicyanoimidazolate), LiPOF 2 , ⁇ B ⁇ O, LiF 2 B (C2C> 4) 2, LiBF 4 , LiNOs, UCI04.
- the solvent (s) can be chosen from the following non-exhaustive list: ethers, esters, ketones, sulfur derivatives, alcohols, nitriles and carbonates.
- ethers such as, for example, dimethoxyethane (DME), methyl ethers of oligoethylene glycols of 2 to 5 oxyethylene units, dioxolane, dioxane, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran , and their mixtures.
- DME dimethoxyethane
- methyl ethers of oligoethylene glycols of 2 to 5 oxyethylene units dioxolane, dioxane, dibutyl ether, tetrahydrofuran , and their mixtures.
- esters mention may be made of phosphoric acid esters or sulfite esters. Mention may be made, for example, of methyl formate, methyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, g-butyrolactone and mixtures thereof.
- sufloxides such as dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) or sulfones such as sulfolane or dimethyldisulfone (DMSO2).
- ketones mention may in particular be made of cyclohexanone.
- alcohols there may be mentioned, for example, ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol.
- acetonitrile for example, of acetonitrile, pyruvonitrile, propionitrile, methoxypropionitrile, dimethylaminopropionitrile, butyronitrile, isobutyronitrile, valeronitrile, pivalonitrile, isovaleronitrile, glutaritrile-methoxyglutile , 2-methylglutaronitrile, 3-methylglutaronitrile, adiponitrile, malononitrile
- cyclic carbonates such as, for example, ethylene carbonate (EC) (CAS: 96-49-1), propylene carbonate (PC) (CAS: 108-32 -7), butylene carbonate (BC) (CAS: 4437-85- 8), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (CAS: 616-38-6), diethyl carbonate (DEC) (CAS: 105-58-8), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC) (CAS: 623- 53-0), diphenyl carbonate (CAS: 102-09-0), methyl phenyl carbonate (CAS: 13509-27-8), dipropyl carbonate (DPC) (CAS: 623-96-1) , methyl propyl carbonate (MPC) (CAS: 1333-41 -1), ethyl propyl carbonate (EPC), vinylidene carbonate (VC) (CAS: 872-36-6), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) (CAS: 96-49-1), propylene carbonate (PC
- the additive (s) can be chosen from the group consisting of fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), vinylidene carbonate, 4-vinyl-1, 3-dioxolan-2-one, pyridazine, vinylpyridazine , quinoline, vinylquinoline, butadiene, sebaconitrile, alkyl disulphides, fluorotoluene, 1, 4-dimethoxytetrafluorotoluene, t-butylphenol, di-t-butylphenol, tris (pentafluorophenyl) borane, oximes, aliphatic epoxides, halogenated biphenyls, methacrylic acids, allyl-ethyl carbonate, vinyl acetate, divinyl adipate, propanesultone, acrylonitrile, 2-vinylpyridine , maleic anhydride, methyl cinnamate, phosphonates, silane compounds containing a vinyl group
- dielectric fluid is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a fluid which does not conduct (or only slightly) electricity but allows electrostatic forces to be exerted.
- alkylbenzenes for example phenylxyxlyethane (PXE), phenylethylphenylethane (PEPE), mono-isopropyl-biphenyl (MIPB), 1, 1 - diphenylethane (1, 1 -DPE)), alkylnaphthalenes (for example di-iso-propylnaphthalene (DIPN)), methylpolyarylmethanes (for example benzyltoluene (BT) and dibenzyltolulene DBT), and mixtures thereof.
- PXE phenylxyxlyethane
- PEPE phenylethylphenylethane
- MIPB mono-isopropyl-biphenyl
- DIPN di-iso-propylnaphthalene
- methylpolyarylmethanes for example benzyltoluene (BT) and dibenzyltolulene
- aromatic synthetic dielectric fluids it should be understood that at least one ring is aromatic and that, optionally, one or more other cycle (s) present can be partially or totally unsaturated.
- dielectric fluids marketed by Soltex Inc., by Arkema under the name Jarylec ®, and SAS 60E of the company JX Nippon Chemical Texas Inc.
- the dielectric fluid is chosen from benzyltoluene (BT), dibenzyltoluene (DBT), and their mixtures in all proportions.
- BT benzyltoluene
- DBT dibenzyltoluene
- the preferred BT / DBT mixtures are those comprising between 60% and 85%, limits included, by weight of benzyltoluene and between 15% and 40%, limits included, by weight of dibenzyltoluene relative to the total amount of benzyltoluene / dibenzyltoluene.
- the dielectric fluid is selected from dielectric fluids sold by Arkema under the trade names range Jarylec ®.
- dielectric fluids suitable for the needs of the present invention are for example those marketed by the company Yanta ⁇ Jinzheng, and in particular under the trade name SRS-401T, those marketed by the company Jinzhou Yongia, and in particular the M / DBT, and those marketed by the company JX Nippon, in particular under the trade name SAS-60E.
- dielectric fluids suitable for the needs of the present invention there may be mentioned:
- DPE diphenylethane
- isomers in particular 1, 1 -DPE (CAS: 612-00-0), 1, 2-DPE (CAS: 103-29-7) and their mixtures (in particular CAS: 38888-98-1), such fluids are commercially available or described in the literature, for example in document EP0098677,
- PEPE - phenylethylphenylethane
- CAS: 6196-94-7 phenylethylphenylethane
- aromatic synthetic dielectric fluids can be used alone or as mixtures of two or more of them in any proportion.
- the use according to the present invention implements a heat transfer composition comprising at least one aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid alone or as a mixture with one or more other dielectric fluids known to those skilled in the art, such as for example, and in a nonlimiting manner, dielectric fluids chosen from mineral oils, vegetable oils, and synthetic oils.
- aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid s
- the amount of aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid (s) relative to all of the dielectric fluids that can be used for the purposes of the present invention can vary widely. However, it is preferred to use aromatic synthetic dielectric fluids in proportions of between 50% and 100% by weight, limits included, preferably between 70% and 100% by weight, limits included, relative to all of the dielectric fluids. present in the heat transfer composition usable for the purposes of the present invention.
- dielectric fluids are mainly and most commonly chosen from mineral, synthetic and vegetable dielectric oils and their mixtures, in all proportions.
- paraffinic oils and naphthenic oils such as dielectric oils of the Nytro family, marketed by the company Nynas (in particular Nytro Taurus, Nytro Libra, Nytro 4000X and Nytro 10XN), and Dalia, marketed by the company Shell.
- the synthetic dielectric oils mention may be made, without limitation, of aliphatic hydrocarbons, silicone oils, and esters, as well as mixtures of two or more of them in all proportions.
- the aliphatic hydrocarbons mention may be made, without limitation, of poly- ⁇ -olefins (PAO), for example polyisobutene (PIB) or olefins of vinylidene type, such as those sold for example by the company Soltex Inc.
- PAO poly- ⁇ -olefins
- PIB polyisobutene
- vinylidene type such as those sold for example by the company Soltex Inc.
- the silicone oils include, without limitation, linear polydimethylsiloxane silicone oils types, such as for example those sold by the company Wacker under the name Wacker ® AK.
- esters of phthalic type such as dioctylphthalate (DOP) or di-isononylphthalate (DINP) (sold for example by the company BASF).
- DOP dioctylphthalate
- DINP di-isononylphthalate
- esters resulting from the reaction between a polyalcohol and an organic acid in particular an acid chosen from organic acids in CA to C22, saturated or unsaturated.
- organic acids there may be mentioned undecanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, palmitic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- organic acids there may be mentioned undecanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, palmitic acid, and mixtures thereof.
- polyols which can be used for the synthesis of the abovementioned esters, mention may be made, by way of nonlimiting examples, of pentaerythytritol.
- the synthetic esters resulting from the reaction between a polyalcohol and an organic acid are for example the products of the Midel ® range, such as for example Midel ® 7131, or of the Mivolt ® range, such as for example Mivolt ® DFK and Mivolt ® DF7 from the company M & l Materials, or the esters of the Nycodiel range from the company Nyco.
- the natural esters and vegetable oils there may be mentioned in a nonlimiting manner, the products derived from oily seeds or from other sources of origin. natural. Mention may be made, by way of example and in a nonlimiting manner, of FR3 TM or even Envirotemp TM marketed by the company Cargill or else Midel EN 1215 marketed by the company M & l Materials.
- the heat transfer composition of the present invention may comprise one or more dielectric fluid, for example two, or three, or four or five dielectric fluids.
- a preferred aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid is a methylpolyarylmethane and more particularly a mixture of benzyltoluene and dibenzyltoluene. More preferably, the aromatic synthetic dielectric fluid according to the invention comprises a single fluid or two fluids. In this case, it is preferable that this fluid is a methylpolyarylmethane and more particularly a mixture of benzyltoluene and dibenzyltoluene.
- the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention may in particular have a viscosity of 3 cSt to 50 cSt (or mm 2 / s) and more particularly a viscosity of between 5 cSt and 30 cSt.
- the viscosity measurement is carried out according to the ISO 3104 standard of 1994.
- the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention advantageously exhibits a boiling point of between 120 ° C and 550 ° C, preferably between 50 ° C and 450 ° C, at atmospheric pressure.
- the boiling temperature of the heat transfer composition is between 180 ° C and 350 ° C, and even more preferably between 200 ° C and 300 ° C.
- the boiling point is measured according to a method described in OECD Document No. 103 adopted on July 27, 1995.
- the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention may further comprise one or more additives and / or fillers well known to those skilled in the art, and for example chosen from, in a nonlimiting manner, the antioxidants, passivators, pour point depressants, decomposition inhibitors, fragrances and flavors, colors, preservatives, and the like and mixtures thereof.
- a particularly preferred dielectric fluid comprises a decomposition inhibitor.
- phenolic antioxidants such as, for example, dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, tocopherols, as well as the acetates of these phenolic antioxidants
- antioxidants of amine type such as for example
- the passivators which can be used as additives in the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention are of any type known to those skilled in the art and are advantageously chosen from triazole derivatives, benzimidazoles, imidazoles, thiazole, benzothiazole.
- triazole derivatives benzimidazoles, imidazoles, thiazole, benzothiazole.
- dioctylaminomethyl-2,3-benzotriazole and 2-dodécyldithio-imidazole can be mentioned.
- pour point depressants which may be present in the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention, there may be mentioned, by way of nonlimiting examples, the fatty acid esters of sucrose, acrylic polymers such as poly (alkyl methacrylate) or even poly (alkyl acrylate).
- Preferred acrylic polymers are those whose molecular weight is between 50,000 g mol 1 and 500,000 g mol 1 .
- Examples of such acrylic polymers include polymers which may contain linear alkyl groups comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- An example of such a pour point depressor is commercially available from from Sanyo Chemical Industries, Ltd, under the trade name Aclube.
- the decomposition inhibitor can be of any type well known to those skilled in the art and in particular can be chosen from carbodi-imide derivatives such as diphenyl carbodi-imide, di-tolylcarbodi-imide, bis (isopropylphenyl).
- carbodi-imide bis (butylphenyl) carbodiimide, but also from phenylglycidyl ethers, or esters, alkylglycidyl ethers, or esters, 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl- (3,4-epoxycyclohexane) carboxylate, compounds of the anthraquinone family, such as for example b-methylanthraquinone marketed under the name “BMAQ”, epoxy derivatives such as vinylcyclohexene diepoxides, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl- (3,4-epoxy-) carboxylate 6-methylhexane), phenol novolak type epoxy resins, bisphenol A epoxy diglycidyl ether, such as DGEBA or CEL 2021 P, available in particular from the company Whyte Chemicals.
- the content by weight of the additive, or of the additives optionally present (s) in the composition which can be used in the context of the present invention can range from 0.0001% to 5% by weight, preferably from 0.001% to 3% by weight, more preferably from 0.01% to 2% by weight, limits included, relative to the total weight of the composition.
- the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention has, according to a preferred embodiment, a volume resistivity greater than or equal to 10 7 Q.cm, and preferably greater than or equal to 10 8 Q. cm.
- the resistivity of a material represents its ability to oppose the flow of electric current.
- the volume resistivity is an indication of the dielectric properties of said dielectric fluid. Volume resistivity is measured according to standard IEC 60247, 2004 edition.
- this volume resistivity can be from 10 7 Q.cm to 5 x 10 7 Q.cm, or from 5 x 10 7 Q.cm to 10 8 Q.cm, or from 10 8 Q.cm to 5 x 10 8 Q.cm, or from 5 x 10 8 W.ah to 10 9 W.ah, or from 10 9 W.oih to 5 x 10 9 W.oih, or from 5 x 10 9 W. OGP to 10 1 ° W.oiti.
- the heat transfer composition according to the invention generally and most often has a breakdown voltage greater than or equal to 20 kV, preferably greater than or equal to 30 kV, preferably greater than or equal to 50 kV , and more preferably greater than or equal to 90 kV.
- the term “breakdown voltage” is understood to mean the minimum electrical voltage which makes a portion of an insulator conductive. Thus, this parameter is also an indication of the dielectric properties of the heat transfer composition which can be used in the context of the present invention. The breakdown voltage is measured according to standard IEC 60156, 2018 edition.
- the breakdown voltage of the heat transfer composition according to the invention can be in a range ranging from 25 kV to 30 kV, or from 30 kV to 40 kV, or from 40 kV to 50 kV , or from 50 kV to 60 kV, or from 60 kV to 70 kV, or from 70 kV to 80 kV, or from 80 kV to 90 kV.
- the heat transfer composition is contained in a device, adapted to allow the heat exchange of the composition with the battery, and preferably also with a secondary source.
- the secondary source can be the environment, or an additional heat transfer composition.
- the device allows direct contact of the heat transfer composition with the vehicle battery.
- the vehicle battery is immersed in the heat transfer composition.
- the device may include a closed enclosure containing all or part of the battery, the heat transfer composition being contained in the enclosure and in contact with the external wall of the battery. This makes it possible to take full advantage of the dielectric and thermal properties of the heat transfer composition.
- the transfer composition is entirely in the liquid state. In other embodiments, the heat transfer composition is partly in the liquid state and partly in the gaseous state.
- the pressure in the chamber is between 0 and 5 bars absolute. Preferably, the pressure is less than 3 bars absolute and more preferably less than 1.5 bars absolute. Cooling by direct contact of the battery with the heat transfer composition is particularly preferred in the case where the charge of the battery is a rapid charge, which involves the rapid heating of the battery. This is because it enables heat exchange between the battery and the heat transfer composition faster, which can maintain the cooling efficiency even when the cooling requirements increase.
- the heat transfer composition can exchange heat with the battery via a heat exchanger.
- the device can then include a circuit in which the composition circulates.
- the heat exchanger can in particular be of the fluid / solid type, for example a plate exchanger.
- the circuit does not include a compressor. In other words, the circuit is not a vapor compression circuit.
- Means for circulating the composition for example a pump, can be provided.
- an additional heat transfer composition When an additional heat transfer composition is provided, it may be present in an additional circuit, which may in particular be a vapor compression circuit.
- the heat exchange between the compositions is carried out in an additional heat exchanger, which can be, for example, co-current or, preferably, counter-current.
- the additional heat transfer composition itself can exchange heat with the environment, by means of an additional heat exchanger. It can optionally also be used to heat or cool the air in the passenger compartment.
- the additional circuit may include different branches provided with separate heat exchangers, the additional heat transfer composition circulating or not in these branches, depending on the mode of operation.
- the additional circuit may comprise means for changing the direction of circulation of the additional heat transfer composition, comprising for example one or more three-way or four-way valves.
- counter-current heat exchanger a heat exchanger in which heat is exchanged between a first fluid and a second fluid, the first fluid at the inlet of the exchanger exchanging heat with the second fluid at the outlet of the exchanger, and the first fluid at the outlet of the exchanger exchanging heat with the second fluid at the entrance to the exchanger.
- countercurrent heat exchangers include devices in which the flow of the first fluid and the flow of the second fluid are in opposite, or almost opposite, directions. Exchangers operating in cross-current mode with a counter-current tendency are also included among the counter-current heat exchangers.
- the heat exchangers can in particular be U-tube exchangers, horizontal or vertical tube bundle, spiral, plate or finned exchangers.
- the invention relates to the use of a heat transfer composition according to the invention for regulating the temperature of the battery.
- the composition is used to cool the battery. It can also be used to heat the battery. Heating and cooling can be alternated as needed (outside temperature, battery temperature, battery operating mode). Heating can also be done at least in part by means of an electrical resistance.
- battery temperature is generally meant the temperature of an outer wall of one or more of its electrochemical cells.
- the temperature of the battery can be measured by means of a temperature sensor. If several temperature sensors are present at the battery level, the battery temperature can be considered as being the average of the different measured temperatures.
- the temperature can be regulated when the vehicle battery is charging. Alternatively, it can be performed when the battery is discharged, in particular when the vehicle engine is on. It makes it possible in particular to prevent the temperature of the battery from becoming excessive, due to the outside temperature and / or due to the self-heating of this battery in operation.
- the charge of the battery can be a rapid charge.
- the use of the composition according to the invention makes it possible to maintain the temperature of the battery within an optimum temperature range. This has an advantage since during rapid charging the battery tends to heat up quickly and reach high temperatures which can influence its operation and performance.
- the cooling of the battery according to the invention makes it possible to lower the temperature of the battery by at least 5 ° C, or by at least 10 ° C, or by at least 15 ° C, or at least 20 ° Cpu at least 25 ° C or at least 30 ° C.
- the cooling of the battery is continuous over a certain period of time.
- the cooling and optionally the heating make it possible to maintain the temperature of the battery in an optimum temperature range, in particular when the vehicle is in operation (engine on), and in particular when the vehicle is moving . Indeed, if the temperature of the battery is too low, its performance is likely to decrease significantly.
- the temperature of the vehicle battery can thus be maintained between a minimum temperature t1 and a maximum temperature t2.
- the minimum temperature t1 is greater than or equal to 10 ° C and the maximum temperature t2 is less than or equal to 40 ° C, preferably the minimum temperature t1 is greater than or equal to 15 ° C and the maximum temperature t2 is less than or equal to 30 ° C, and more preferably the minimum temperature t1 is greater than or equal to 16 ° C and the maximum temperature t2 is less than or equal to 28 ° C.
- a feedback loop is advantageously present, to modify the operating parameters of the installation as a function of the temperature of the battery which is measured, in order to ensure that the desired temperature is maintained.
- the outside temperature during the period of maintaining the temperature of the vehicle battery between the minimum temperature t1 and the maximum temperature t2 can in particular be from -60 ° C to -50 ° C, o from 50 ° C to 40 ° C, or from -40 ° C to -30 ° C, or from -30 ° C to -20 ° C, or from -20 ° C to -10 ° (3 ⁇ 4u from -10 ° C to 0 ° C, or from 0 ° C to 10 ° C, or 10 ° C to 20 ° C, or 20 ° C to 30 ° C, or dâO ° C to 40 ° C, or 40 ° C to 50 ° C, or 50 ° C at 60 ° C, or else from 60 ° C to 70 ° C.
- the present invention relates to a battery comprising a heat transfer composition as it has just been defined above in the present description.
- the battery can be a battery equipping an electric or hybrid means of transport, such as an automobile, truck, train, boat, two-wheeled vehicle (bicycles, motorcycles, scooters), industrial vehicles (such as tractors, excavators, fenwicks, agricultural machinery , and others), but also equipping a machine (such as cash dispensers of banknotes, tickets, and others), as well as the battery recharging stations themselves.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2000543A FR3106345B1 (fr) | 2020-01-20 | 2020-01-20 | Utilisation d’une composition de transfert de chaleur pour réguler la température d’une batterie |
| PCT/FR2021/050095 WO2021148753A1 (fr) | 2020-01-20 | 2021-01-19 | Utilisation d'une composition de transfert de chaleur pour réguler la température d'une batterie |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4093835A1 true EP4093835A1 (fr) | 2022-11-30 |
Family
ID=70456919
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21706339.5A Withdrawn EP4093835A1 (fr) | 2020-01-20 | 2021-01-19 | Utilisation d'une composition de transfert de chaleur pour réguler la température d'une batterie |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230025942A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4093835A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JP2023512626A (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN114981382A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3106345B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021148753A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114032077B (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2024-07-23 | 郑州轻工业大学 | 一种新型绿色长效燃料电池防冻冷却液及其制备方法 |
| DE102022202884A1 (de) | 2022-03-24 | 2023-09-28 | Contitech Techno-Chemie Gmbh | Schlauch für Batteriekühlsysteme auf Basis von HNBR |
| JP7743851B2 (ja) * | 2023-04-04 | 2025-09-25 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却液組成物 |
| CN116742210B (zh) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-12-05 | 南方电网调峰调频(广东)储能科技有限公司 | 电子元器件的基于植物绝缘油的浸没式冷却液 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5524681A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1996-06-11 | Ford Motor Company | Apparatus and method for draining and filling a battery cooling system |
| US20090087727A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-04-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Battery pack |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4474989A (en) | 1982-07-01 | 1984-10-02 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Process for preparing dinitrobenzophenones |
| FR2643366B1 (fr) * | 1989-02-20 | 1991-09-06 | Atochem | Compositions a base de polyphenylmethanes, leur procede de fabrication et leur application comme dielectrique |
| FR2759198B1 (fr) * | 1997-01-31 | 1999-03-26 | Atochem Elf Sa | Procede d'impregnation de condensateurs electriques |
| FR2807059B1 (fr) * | 2000-03-29 | 2002-05-17 | Atofina | Fluide de transfert de chaleur a base de polyphenylmethanes ayant une stabilite thermique amelioree |
| JP4797325B2 (ja) * | 2004-01-13 | 2011-10-19 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却液および冷却システム |
| JP2009037934A (ja) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-19 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 車両用の電源装置 |
| US8852772B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 | 2014-10-07 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Lithium ion battery cooling system comprising dielectric fluid |
| MX359177B (es) * | 2012-09-27 | 2018-09-18 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | Proceso para la reduccion de la migracion de peroxido en composiciones de polimero a base de etileno reticulable. |
| FR3008708B1 (fr) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-09-23 | Arkema France | Composition de fluide dielectrique ou caloporteur |
| CA2935913C (fr) * | 2014-02-11 | 2022-06-21 | Nynas Ab (Publ) | Utilisation de certains composes aromatiques a titre d'additifs pour liquide dielectrique afin de reduire sa viscosite |
| FR3080169B1 (fr) | 2018-04-13 | 2020-12-18 | Arkema France | Procede de refroidissement et/ou de chauffage d'un corps ou d'un fluide dans un vehicule automobile |
| GB201811002D0 (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2018-08-15 | Bp Plc | Dielectric thermal management fluids and methods for using them |
-
2020
- 2020-01-20 FR FR2000543A patent/FR3106345B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2021
- 2021-01-19 US US17/791,060 patent/US20230025942A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-01-19 CN CN202180009859.7A patent/CN114981382A/zh active Pending
- 2021-01-19 WO PCT/FR2021/050095 patent/WO2021148753A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-01-19 JP JP2022543741A patent/JP2023512626A/ja active Pending
- 2021-01-19 EP EP21706339.5A patent/EP4093835A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5524681A (en) * | 1994-10-19 | 1996-06-11 | Ford Motor Company | Apparatus and method for draining and filling a battery cooling system |
| US20090087727A1 (en) * | 2007-08-23 | 2009-04-02 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba | Battery pack |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2021148753A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3106345A1 (fr) | 2021-07-23 |
| JP2023512626A (ja) | 2023-03-28 |
| CN114981382A (zh) | 2022-08-30 |
| US20230025942A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
| WO2021148753A1 (fr) | 2021-07-29 |
| FR3106345B1 (fr) | 2023-07-21 |
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