EP4085487A1 - Modularer flussrahmen für eine elektrochemische zelle, flussrahmen-elektroden-einheit, zelle, zellstack, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines flussrahmens - Google Patents
Modularer flussrahmen für eine elektrochemische zelle, flussrahmen-elektroden-einheit, zelle, zellstack, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines flussrahmensInfo
- Publication number
- EP4085487A1 EP4085487A1 EP21835687.1A EP21835687A EP4085487A1 EP 4085487 A1 EP4085487 A1 EP 4085487A1 EP 21835687 A EP21835687 A EP 21835687A EP 4085487 A1 EP4085487 A1 EP 4085487A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- frame
- profile
- insert
- parts
- flux
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
- H01M8/0273—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes with sealing or supporting means in the form of a frame
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/18—Regenerative fuel cells, e.g. redox flow batteries or secondary fuel cells
- H01M8/184—Regeneration by electrochemical means
- H01M8/188—Regeneration by electrochemical means by recharging of redox couples containing fluids; Redox flow type batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2455—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with liquid, solid or electrolyte-charged reactants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Definitions
- the invention relates to a modular flow frame for an electrochemical cell, in particular for a redox flow battery stack.
- the invention also relates to a flux frame electrode unit, a cell, a cell stack and a method for producing a flux frame.
- Redox flow batteries are electrochemical energy stores with free-flowing, especially liquid, storage media in which a redox-active material or a redox-active Substance is dissolved in a liquid electrolyte.
- the electrolytes (called anolyte or catholyte depending on polarity) are provided separately, e.g. B. stored in separate tanks and, if required, fed to an electrochemical energy converter unit (the so-called cell of the redox flow battery) for the charging or discharging process.
- an electrochemical energy converter unit the so-called cell of the redox flow battery
- the redox-active materials in the cell are oxidized in separate half-cells or reduced .
- chemical energy is converted into electrical energy during the discharging process and electrical energy is converted back into chemical energy during the charging process.
- one advantage of redox flow batteries is that the power (number and size of the electrochemical energy converters/cells) and capacity (electrolyte volume, size and number of tanks) can be adjusted independently of one another, enabling centralized and decentralized storage systems on a few kilowatt scale up to megawatts can be realized .
- a redox flow battery usually includes a large number of identical cells, which are fluidically connected in parallel and electrically in series.
- the cells are in particular a stack, the so-called Cell stack, assembled and pressed using a bracing system and, if necessary. braced by means of tie rods.
- the bracing system usually includes end plates made of plastic and/or non-ferrous metals such as aluminum, between which the individual cells are arranged.
- the bracing system can be fitted with plastic insulating plates to separate the current-carrying individual cells from the end plates, Current collectors with electrical connections for deriving or Have supply of charging or discharging current and media connections for the supply and removal of the electrolyte (anolyte / catholyte).
- a so-called bipolar plate e.g. arranged from a graphite plastic composite material.
- Each individual cell is made up of two half-cells, which are separated by an ion-conducting membrane.
- the half-cells generally comprise a flux frame and an electrode on which the redox processes take place.
- the individual components are stacked between the end plates in the following order: bipolar plate, flux frame with electrode, membrane, flux frame with electrode, bipolar plate, flux frame with electrode, etc.
- the flux frames define the actual effective space of each half-cell, ie the active area in which the electrochemical processes take place.
- the flux frames fulfill several functions.
- the flux frames serve on the one hand to fluidly seal the active space against the environment with the help of seals integrated in the flux frame surfaces (sealing function) and on the other hand to electrically insulate the half-cells of a cell from one another (isolation function).
- the flow frames usually include integrated flow channels for inflow and outflow Dissipation and for the distribution of the electrolyte in the effective space of the cell (fluid distribution function).
- US 2018/0062188 A1 are one-piece, plate-shaped flow frames which include integrated flow channels for supplying and removing electrolyte and for distributing the electrolyte over a wide area in the effective space of the cell.
- a one-piece flux frame made of an elastomer material, in which distribution channel structures for the electrolyte are incorporated.
- the known flux frames are comparatively complex to manufacture because of their structure. Such flux frames are usually produced by machining (milling, drilling, etc.) or by means of injection molding or injection compression molding processes.
- injection molding processes involve high investment costs for tools and high technological challenges in terms of shape, evenness, dimensional accuracy, surface quality, etc. disadvantageous .
- the size of the flux frame and the specific design of the channel structures are determined by the injection molding tool used and cannot be changed without major investment outlay.
- the present invention is concerned with the task of providing a configuration for a redox flow battery that can be flexibly adapted to various requirements enable .
- a flow frame is to be provided which can be produced inexpensively and flexibly adapted to different requirements.
- the flux frame is designed for use in an electrochemical cell, in particular for use in a cell of a redox flow battery.
- the flux frame has a modular structure and includes a frame base body which delimits a frame opening, preferably in the middle.
- the frame opening defines the actual effective space of the cell.
- the basic frame body has, at least in sections, a cross-sectional profile that is open on one side, namely in the direction of the frame opening, so that a profile receiving space that is open toward the frame opening is formed.
- the profile receiving space can, in particular, completely or partially encircle the frame opening.
- the flux frame also includes an insert, which is arranged in the profile receiving space of the frame body.
- the profile receiving space forms in particular a type of receiving pocket for the insert.
- the insert is in particular designed separately in that the insert for assembling the flux frame as a separate Element is provided and then inserted into the profile receiving space.
- the insert comprises channel structures for the distribution of fluids, in particular over a wide area, in the frame opening.
- the insert includes channel structures for the areal distribution of electrolyte liquid in the active space.
- the channel structures can preferably be comb-shaped or fan-shaped, which enables a homogeneous distribution of a fluid, in particular electrolyte fluid, in the frame opening.
- the insert also has channel structures for supplying and/or removing the fluid.
- the basic frame body has corresponding fluid channels for feeding the channel structures of the insert, in particular in the form of bores.
- the insert serves as a spacer within the profile receiving space and for distributing the electrolyte liquid in the active space.
- the insert can in particular be loosely inserted into the profile receiving space, that is to say it can be joined to the basic frame body in a non-destructively detachable manner.
- the insert is firmly connected to the basic frame body, for example by welding and/or gluing.
- the insert can completely or partially surround the frame opening.
- the insert can in particular be designed in the form of a one-part or multi-part insert frame.
- the insert is preferably received in a form-fitting manner in the profile receiving space of the basic frame body.
- the insert is designed and arranged in the profile receiving space of the frame body in such a way that the insert does not protrude from the profile receiving space.
- the insert can be enclosed on three sides by the basic frame body and sealed by it.
- such a modular flow frame With such a modular flow frame, the sealing function and fluid distribution function are distributed to different components—frame base body and insert—and thus decoupled from one another. A high degree of flexibility can be achieved in this way.
- such a modular structure makes it possible to produce flux frames with individually adapted properties in a simple and at the same time inexpensive manner. For example, by using different inserts, it is possible to adjust a flow profile through the frame opening as required—for example as a function of an electrolyte used—without the basic shape of the frame body having to be changed. This makes it possible, for example, to provide a uniform type of basic frame body into which different inserts can then be inserted, depending on the requirement.
- the insert is formed separately from the basic frame body, the basic frame body and the insert can be made of different materials, in particular. This makes it possible for the respective functions of the frame body or depositors Choosing individually advantageous materials and combining them in a flow frame.
- the frame base body is made of a comparatively soft material in order to achieve a good sealing effect on neighboring components (e.g. on the membrane, bipolar plate or other flow frame when used in a cell stack), while the insert is made of a comparatively hard material is made to provide a sufficient mechanical dimensional stability of the channel structures, which is required for a reliable electrolyte flow.
- a flux frame that is modularly constructed from the frame base body and insert can also be produced in a simple and cost-effective manner. Due to the fact that no fluid distributor structures have to be integrated in the basic frame body, the basic frame body can be produced from profile elements which are of comparatively simple design and can therefore be produced inexpensively. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if the cross-sectional profile of the basic frame body is designed to be extrudable, ie is designed in such a way that the cross-sectional profile can be produced by means of an extrusion process.
- the cross-sectional profile is essentially U-shaped.
- the cross-sectional profile then includes, in particular, two long legs and one short leg.
- the long legs can be of the same length or of different lengths.
- U-shaped does not rule out that the basic frame body seen in cross section, has local recesses and/or projections on its outside.
- the basic frame body can comprise a plurality of extruded profile parts.
- the profile parts have, in particular, a cross-sectional profile that is open on one side, so that a profile part receiving space is formed in each case.
- the profile part receiving spaces of the profile parts then provide the profile receiving space of the basic frame body.
- the extruded profile parts preferably already have the desired cross-sectional profile of the basic frame body, for example a substantially U-shaped cross-sectional profile. Basically, it is also conceivable that the profile parts from several extruded profile segments of different geometry, z. B. L-profiles are assembled.
- At least a subset, but preferably all profile parts of the basic frame body have the same cross-sectional profile.
- the individual profile parts are preferably identical in their basic shape and differ only in their length. With such a design, it is possible in particular to produce the profile parts using the same extrusion die, e.g. by cutting a corresponding endless profile strand to length.
- the basic frame body can be composed of a plurality of profile parts.
- the profile parts are preferably connected to one another at their ends to form the basic frame body.
- the profile part receiving spaces of the profile parts then together form a profile receiving space of the frame base body that completely surrounds the frame opening.
- a basic frame body with a rectangular basic shape can be composed of two short profile parts and two long profile parts.
- the profile parts can be connected to one another via connecting parts.
- the basic frame body can comprise two profile parts and two connecting parts connecting the profile parts to one another.
- the connecting parts are then in particular designed and arranged between the profile parts in such a way that they engage with a respective end section in the profile receiving part spaces of the profile parts, in particular in a form-fitting manner.
- the connecting parts together with the profile parts form the basic frame body.
- the connecting parts are not completely accommodated in the profile part receiving spaces, but rather form a part of the structure directly delimiting the frame opening with a central section.
- the connecting parts and the Profile parts are formed separately in particular in that the profile parts and the connecting parts for assembling the flux frame are provided as separate elements and are joined together.
- connection parts For a secure connection, it can also be advantageous if the connection parts have connection contours, for example tap in the form of connecting, have. Then the profile elements corresponding counter-connection contours, for example. in the form of corresponding recesses, into which the connection contours engage in the assembled configuration.
- the connecting parts can, for example. be produced by means of extrusion processes or injection molding processes.
- the insert comprises, in particular, a plurality of separate insert parts, one insert part being arranged in each profile part receiving space of the two profile parts.
- the profile parts are preferably connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner.
- the frame body without connecting parts if the profile parts are cut to length at their ends with a miter and are connected to one another in a material-locking manner, e.g. by gluing and/or welding.
- the profile parts can be connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner via the connecting parts.
- the connecting parts are firmly connected to the profile parts, for example by welding and/or gluing. Because the connecting parts engage in the profile receiving spaces of the profile parts, a comparatively large connecting surface is provided, which promotes reliable sealing.
- the channel structures of the insert can run inside the insert.
- the channel structures can be internal, ie surrounded by insert material.
- the channel structures of the insert are formed by recesses on the outside of the insert.
- the channel structures are preferably formed on the outside on a surface of the insert.
- Such external channel structures are relatively easy to produce, for example. by machining the outside of the insert or by embossing.
- the channel structures are then open on one side.
- the external channel structures are then closed by an inner wall of the basic frame body when the insert is installed as intended in the basic frame body, so that closed fluid channels are formed in cooperation with the basic frame body.
- the insert has sealing contours on its outer surface for sealing against the basic frame body.
- Sealing contours are preferably provided for sealing the, in particular external, channel structures of the insert.
- the sealing contours in particular be arranged in such a way that they enclose a channel structure between them, in particular follow a course of the channel structure.
- An advantageous embodiment of the sealing contours can consist in particular in that the insert has at least one, in particular peripheral, projection on its outside. With the intended arrangement of the insert in the profile receiving space, the at least one projection of the insert can then dig into the preferably softer frame base body and in this way provide a sealing effect.
- the basic frame body it is also possible for the basic frame body to have corresponding counter-seal contours.
- the basic frame body can have at least one corresponding, in particular circumferential, groove on its inner wall facing the profile receiving space, into which the at least one projection of the insert engages when the insert is arranged as intended in the profile receiving space.
- the insert can have at least one groove and for the basic frame body to have at least one projection.
- the frame base body is made of an elastomer that is chemically resistant to the electrolyte, in particular consists of it.
- the profile parts are made of an elastomer that is chemically resistant to the electrolyte and at the same time extrudable.
- the frame body or the profile parts are made of a thermoplastic elastomer, in particular thermoplastic polyethylene (TPE), thermoplastic polystyrene (TPS), thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), a thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) or combinations of these materials.
- TPE thermoplastic polyethylene
- TPS thermoplastic polystyrene
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- TPV thermoplastic vulcanizate
- the elastomer from which the basic frame body or the profile parts are produced has a Shore hardness in the range from 40 to 90 Shore A, preferably in the range from 50 to 80 Shore A.
- Such an elastomer is soft enough to achieve a good seal between the frame body and adjacent components (e.g. inserts, bipolar plate, membrane, etc.), but still has sufficient mechanical strength, e.g. in order to provide sufficient dimensional stability when the basic frame body is later pressed in a cell stack.
- the insert is made from a different material than the basic frame body.
- the insert is preferably made of a plastic that is harder and/or stiffer than the material of the basic frame body.
- the combination of softer frame base material and harder insert material can create a good seal between the two Components are achieved, for example. via the sealing contours described above.
- by forming the insert from a comparatively hard material it can be ensured that a cross section of the channel structures of the insert does not or is changed only very slightly. In this way, a reliable flow of fluid can be ensured.
- the insert is preferably made from a thermoplastic material, in particular from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the depositors can easily mechanically, for example. be manufactured by milling or, in the case of larger quantities, by a cost-effective injection molding process.
- the insert can be designed in one piece, in particular monolithically, for example in the form of an insert frame. This enables easy handling of the insert when assembling the flux frame.
- the insert can also be made in several parts.
- the insert can comprise at least two, preferably two or four, separately formed insert parts.
- the inserts can then easily be placed separately in the profile receiving space of the frame body or are inserted into the profile part receiving spaces of the profile parts.
- a multi-part design of the insert makes it possible to easily adapt an electrolyte distribution in the active space to different requirements (e.g. depending on the electrolyte used or depending on the size and geometry of the frame body, etc. ) flexible to adapt .
- a flow profile of the electrolyte liquid in the active space can be adjusted individually through a specific arrangement and configuration of the insert parts.
- a set of standard insert parts is provided, which can then be flexibly combined depending on requirements.
- Such a modular structure from standard components is particularly cost-effective.
- insert parts with different channel structures to be provided at different positions around the frame opening.
- only a subset of the insert parts has channel structures at all.
- the insert parts can in particular have different geometries, for example rectangular, L-shaped, or trapezoidal basic shapes. It is also possible for the insert parts to have differently shaped channel structures.
- the basic frame body with a rectangular basic shape, it can be particularly advantageous if, preferably only, those insert parts which are arranged on the longitudinal sides of the basic frame body have channel structures for distributing the fluid in the frame opening.
- the electrolyte then only has to cover a comparatively short flow path through an electrode arranged in the frame opening (namely along the short sides of the flux frame) so that the pressure drop when flowing through the electrode is small.
- the insert parts are preferably connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner when arranged as intended in the frame base body.
- the insert parts can be connected to one another to form an insert frame, in particular in a material-locking and/or positive-locking manner, for example via tongue-and-groove connections.
- the flow frame can have a receiving area for receiving a bipolar plate (bipolar plate receiving area) and/or have a receiving area for receiving a membrane (membrane receiving area).
- a bipolar plate receiving area When using the flow frame in a cell or a cell stack, a membrane or be arranged a bipolar plate.
- the recording areas enable easy positioning of the bipolar plate or Membrane and at the same time promote a secure, position-accurate mounting of the membrane or bipolar plate .
- a bipolar plate receiving area and a membrane receiving area are formed on opposite outer sides of the flow frame.
- a preferred embodiment consists in that the respective receiving area is formed by a recess on an outer side of the basic frame body.
- the frame body at least one those outer sides which are oriented parallel to a frame plane spanned by the frame opening have a recess bordering the frame opening and surrounding it.
- the recess is stepped in cross-section viewed along the direction of rotation.
- the basic frame body has in particular an edge which extends orthogonally to the plane of the frame and surrounds the frame opening and which forms a stop for the bipolar plate or the membrane.
- a recess forming the bipolar plate receiving area and a recess forming the membrane receiving area are arranged in particular on opposite outer sides of the frame base body.
- the profile parts can have a stepped recess, at least on one of those outer sides which are oriented orthogonally to the open side, in particular on both opposite outer sides, which extends along the entire longitudinal extension of the profile parts .
- Such a profile part is then designed so that it can be extruded.
- the basic frame body has peripheral sealing lips for fluid-tight sealing of a bipolar plate and/or membrane lying thereon.
- the frame base body has a groove surrounding the frame opening on one of those outer sides which are oriented parallel to a frame plane spanned by the frame opening and on the opposite outer side a corresponding, the frame opening has a peripheral projection.
- the frame body is designed in particular in such a way that flux frames arranged next to one another can be connected to one another in the manner of tongue and groove, in particular in a fluid-tight manner.
- the individual profile parts on one of those outer sides which are oriented orthogonally to the open side can extend along their longitudinal extent, in particular from their respective first end to the second end Have a groove and have a corresponding projection on their opposite outside.
- Such a profile part is designed to be extrudable.
- a flux frame-electrode unit which in particular comprises a flux frame described above and an electrode.
- the electrode is preferably arranged within the frame opening, ie in particular bordered by the flux frame.
- the electrode is designed and arranged in such a way that it Completely fills the frame opening.
- the electrode can in particular be a felt electrode, preferably made of a carbon material, for example. from a graphite felt z.
- the electrode can in particular be designed and arranged in such a way that the electrode is flush with the inner edges of the frame base body facing the frame opening.
- the profile receiving space is closed by the electrode on its open side. Electrolyte liquid flowing through the channel structures of the insert in the direction of the frame opening can then be taken up directly by the electrode and reduced or dissolved in it. to be oxidized.
- the electrode can also be designed and arranged in such a way that the electrode penetrates in sections into the profile receiving space of the frame base body.
- a penetration depth is preferably 1 to 5 mm.
- the electrode can also be advantageous if the electrode is taken in a form-fitting manner in the profile receiving space.
- a cell for a redox flow battery is proposed, which comprises a first and a second flow frame electrode unit explained above.
- the cell also includes a membrane, which is arranged between the first and the second flux frame electrode assembly.
- the flux frame electrode units each form a half cell of the cell.
- the membrane enables ion exchange between the half-cells.
- the membrane is designed to be ion-conducting, in particular made from an ion-conducting material.
- the membrane is preferably accommodated in an above-described membrane accommodation area of the flow frame.
- the two flux frames can be of identical design.
- the flux frame of the second flux frame-electrode unit can then be folded around one of its outer edges by 180°, in particular relative to the flux frame of the first flux frame-electrode unit.
- only one flux frame type is required for the construction of a cell, which enables the cell to be manufactured particularly cost-effectively.
- a cell stack which a plurality of includes cells described above.
- the cells are stacked on top of one another along a stacking direction that is orthogonal to the stacking direction that is orthogonal to the frame plane spanned by the flux frame.
- a bipolar plate is in each case arranged between adjacent cells.
- a bipolar plate is assigned to two adjacent half-cells.
- the bipolar plates are preferably arranged in the bipolar plate receiving areas described above.
- a respective bipolar plate completely covers the frame opening of the adjacent flux frames.
- the bipolar plates and/or the membranes are designed and arranged in such a way that - viewed in the stacking direction - they are in a direction orthogonal to the stacking direction with the respective insert of the adjacent flux frame - Partially overlapping the electrode units.
- the bipolar plate and/or the membrane extend radially beyond the frame opening in particular in such a way that they partially cover the insert of the adjoining flux frame when viewed in the stacking direction.
- a further advantageous development of the cell stack can consist in the fact that a respective flow frame is connected in a fluid-tight manner to the other flow frame belonging to the same cell and/or to the flow frame of an adjacent cell.
- the flux frames can be connected to one another and sealed from one another via the tongue and groove connection described above.
- the individual flux frames on the surrounding surfaces e.g. are joined together in a fluid-tight manner by means of welding and/or gluing. Additional sealing lips can reduce the surface forces for pressing the components of the cell stack
- a profile strand is extruded, which has a cross-sectional profile that is open on one side, preferably essentially U-shaped, so that a profile part receiving space that is open on one side is formed.
- the extruded profile is then cut to length to form the profile parts according to a desired size of the later flux frame.
- Fluid channel structures can optionally be produced in at least a subset of the profile parts.
- locally defined recesses can be produced in the corresponding profile parts, preferably by drilling or punching.
- the assembly device is designed in particular in such a way that it defines a rectangular receiving space whose inner circumference essentially corresponds to an outer dimension of the future frame body.
- the profile parts are connected to the frame base body in a fluid-tight manner, in particular in a material-tight manner, at connecting sections.
- connection contours can be produced at the respective ends, in particular at the front sides, of the profile parts, for example by cutting or punching out.
- the profile parts can first be mitred to length at the respective end faces and then connected to one another at their end faces by welding and/or gluing.
- the profile parts can also be connected to one another via the connecting parts described above. Then the profile parts and the connecting parts are first joined together mechanically and then connected to one another with a material fit.
- a depositor or a plurality of insert parts are provided and inserted into the profile receiving spaces of the profile parts.
- the depositor or the insert parts are inserted into the profile part receiving spaces of the individual profile parts before the profile parts are connected to form the basic frame body.
- the depositor or the inserts are inserted into the profile receiving space of the frame body only after the profile parts have been connected to form the frame body.
- the insert or the insert parts can be connected to the profile parts, in particular in a materially bonded manner, preferably in the course of connecting the profile parts to form the basic frame body.
- FIG. 1 outlined representation of an embodiment of a flux frame in a plan view
- FIG. 2 Sketched representation of the flux frame according to FIG. 1 in a sectional view along the sectional plane II-II shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 3a-e sketched representations of different configurations of a basic frame body in a sectional view corresponding to the sectional plane II-II drawn in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 4a-c sketched representations of different configurations of an insert part in a plan view
- FIG. 6 sketched representation of a section of a redox flow cell in a sectional view along a sectional plane corresponding to the sectional plane II-II shown in FIG. 1;
- FIGS. 7a-b sketched representations of two configurations of a half-cell
- FIG. 9 sketched representation of the flux frame according to FIG. 8 in a sectional view along the sectional plane IX-IX drawn in FIG. 8;
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a flux frame, which is denoted overall by reference number 10 .
- the flux frame 10 is designed in particular for use in a redox flow cell 12, which is described in detail below and shown in sections in FIG.
- the flux frame 10 has a modular structure and comprises a frame base body 14 and an insert 16 arranged in the frame base body 14 (indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 1).
- the basic frame body 14 delimits a central frame opening 18 which defines the actual effective space of the cell 12 (explained in more detail below).
- the basic frame body 14 consists of a plurality, in the example shown four, profile parts 15-
- the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 are produced by way of example and preferably by means of an extrusion process (see below).
- the basic frame body 14 and the frame opening 18 each have a rectangular basic shape.
- two long profile parts 15-2, 15-4 and two short profile parts 15-1, 15-3 are provided.
- other polygonal geometries are also conceivable.
- profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 are connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner, for example by means of gluing and/or welding.
- the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 and thus the basic frame body 14 composed of them, viewed in the circumferential direction around the frame opening 18, have a cross-sectional profile that is open on one side in the direction of the frame opening 18 .
- the cross-sectional profile is essentially U-shaped with a short leg 22 and two long legs 24-1, 24-2.
- the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 each delimit an internal profile part receiving space 26', which is open on one side through a profile opening 28. If the profile parts 15 - 1 , 15 - 2 , 15 - 3 , 15 - 4 are assembled to form the basic frame body 14 , a profile receiving space 26 encircling the frame opening 18 and open in the direction of the frame opening 18 is formed.
- FIGS. 3a to 3e show further exemplary cross-sectional profiles which the basic frame body 14 can have.
- the basic frame body 14 can be formed mirror-symmetrically to a frame plane spanned by the frame opening 18 (cf. FIGS. 3a and 3b). It is also possible for the frame base body 14 to have recesses on its outer sides 30, 32 oriented orthogonally to the plane of the frame 70', 72', 82 or projections 78, 84 (cf. FIGS. 3b to 3e, described in detail below).
- the profile part receiving space 26' can also have an internal step 34.
- the frame base body 14 is made, for example and preferably, from a thermoplastic elastomer with a Shore hardness of 50 to 80 Shore A.
- the insert 16 mentioned above is arranged in the profile receiving space 26 of the basic frame body 14 .
- the insert 16 is formed separately from the frame base body 14 and is inserted into the profile receiving space 26 for assembling the flux frame 10 (explained in more detail below in relation to the manufacturing method).
- the insert 16 is made from a more rigid material than the basic frame body 14 , in particular from polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and/or polyvinyl chloride (PVC).
- PP polypropylene
- PE polyethylene
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- the insert 16 is designed, for example, in such a way that it completely surrounds the frame opening 18 .
- the insert 16 is also dimensioned such that it does not protrude from the profile receiving space 26 and is positively received in the profile receiving space 26 (cf. FIG. 2).
- the insert 16 comprises channel structures 36, explained in more detail below, which are designed to distribute electrolyte liquid in the frame opening 18.
- the insert 16 can be designed in such a way that channel structures 36 are provided along its entire circumference. By way of example and preferably, however, the channel structures 36 are only arranged on the longitudinal sides 38 - 1 , 38 - 2 of the flux frame 10 .
- the insert 16 can be designed in one piece, for example in the form of an insert frame (shown as an example in FIG. 1).
- the insert 16 can also be formed from a plurality of separately provided insert parts 16'. These can be inserted separately from one another in the profile receiving space 26 and optionally connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner, in particular in a materially bonded manner.
- the insert parts 16′ can be configured differently.
- a selection of exemplary configurations of the insert parts 16' is shown in FIGS. 4a to 4c.
- the inserts 16' can have a trapezoidal (see FIG. 4a) or rectangular (see FIG. 4b) or L-shaped (see FIG. 4c) basic shape.
- different insert parts 16' can be used and combined with one another.
- the insert parts 16′ shown in FIGS. 4a to 4c each include the channel structures 36 mentioned above.
- the channel structures 36 include a fluid connection 40, a fluid guide 42—meandering in the example shown—and comb-shaped distributor structures 44, which open into the frame opening 18 when the insert parts 16′ are installed as intended.
- This configuration of the channel structures 36, 40, 42, 44 which is only shown as an example for the insert parts 16' in the figures, can also be provided in a corresponding manner in the case of a one-piece design of the insert 16.
- the channel structures 36, 40, 42, 44 are, for example and preferably, formed by corresponding recesses 46 on an outer side 48 of the insert 16 or of the insert parts 16' (cf. FIG. 2).
- the channel structures 36, 40, 42, 44 are then closed by an inner wall 50 of the basic frame body 14 (cf. FIG. 2).
- the basic frame body 14 has corresponding bores 52 for feeding the channel structures 36 with electrolyte liquid.
- the insert 16 or the insert parts 16′ can have optional projections 54-1, 54- on its outer side 48—for sealing the channel structures 36 and/or fluid passages 52, which will be explained in more detail below, with respect to the frame base body 14. 2 such that a channel structure 36 to be sealed between the projections 54-
- the insert 16 or the insert parts 16' are installed as intended in the profile receiving space 26
- the projections 54-1, 54-2 of the insert 16 can then dig into the inner wall 50 of the softer basic frame body 14 and thus provide a sealing effect.
- the frame base body 14 it is also possible for the frame base body 14 to have corresponding grooves 56-1, 56-2 on the inner wall 50 of the frame base body 14 facing the profile receiving space 26, in which grooves the projections 54-1, 54-2 engage.
- FIG. 6 shows the cell 12 in a sectional view along a sectional plane corresponding to the sectional plane II-II in FIG.
- the cell 12 comprises two half-cells 58-1, 58-2, between which a membrane 60 is arranged.
- Each half cell 58-1, 58-2 comprises a flux frame electrode unit 62-1, 62-
- each have a flux frame 10 and a comprises an electrode 64 arranged in the frame opening 18 of the flux frame 10 (described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 7a and 7b).
- the flux frames 10 of the two flux frame-electrode units 62-1, 62-2 are identical to one another, but are folded relative to one another by 180° about the membrane plane.
- the membrane 60 is preferably designed and arranged in such a way that the frame opening 18 and the electrode 64 arranged therein are, in particular completely, covered by the membrane 60 .
- a plurality of such cells 12 are preferably stacked on top of one another in a stacking direction 66 to form a cell stack (not shown) and pressed against one another by a bracing system (not shown).
- a bipolar plate 68 is provided between the individual cells, which electrically connects two adjacent cells 12 .
- Two such bipolar plates 68 are shown in FIG.
- a bipolar plate 68 also completely covers frame opening 18 .
- FIG. 7a which shows a half-cell 58-1 of the cell 12 according to FIG Outside 32 of the frame body 14 is formed.
- the bipolar plate 68 is also arranged in a corresponding bipolar plate receiving area 72 which is formed on the opposite outer side 30 of the basic frame body 14 .
- the membrane receiving area 70 and the bipolar plate receiving area 72 are formed by a stepped recess 70', 72' viewed in cross section on those outer sides 30, 32 of the frame base body 14 which are oriented parallel to a frame plane spanned by the frame opening 18 (see also FIG. 2).
- the respective stepped recess 70', 72' adjoins the frame opening 18 and preferably completely surrounds it.
- an edge 74 or 76 is formed by the stepped recesses 70', 72', which extends orthogonally to the frame plane spanned by the frame opening 18 and forms a stop for the membrane 60 or the bipolar plate 68 forms.
- the insert 16 and the membrane receiving area 70 or the bipolar plate receiving area 72 are matched to one another in such a way that a membrane 60 or bipolar plate 68 lying against the respective edge 74 or 76 partially overlaps the insert 16 when viewed in the stacking direction 66 ( cf. Figure 7a).
- FIGS. 3a to 3e fundamentally different configurations of the frame base body 14 are conceivable with respect to the receiving regions 70 , 72 .
- the configurations of the receiving areas 70, 72 or Recesses 70', 72' regardless of the other design features of the frame base body 14 specifically shown in the relevant figures (e.g.
- neither membrane receiving area 70 nor bipolar plate receiving area 72 are provided.
- membrane 60 or Bipolar plates 69 are then in particular in contact with the two planar outer sides 30 , 32 of the frame base body 14 .
- a stepped recess 70 or 72' is provided, ie both membrane receiving area 70 and bipolar plate receiving area 72. It is also possible for a stepped recess 70', 72' to be provided on only one of the outer sides 30, 32, which then forms either a membrane receiving area 70 or a bipolar plate receiving area 72 (cf.
- FIGS. 3c and 3d As shown in FIG. 3e by way of example for a recess 72', within such a stepped recess 70' or 72', a local projection 78 can also be provided, which can serve in particular as a sealing lip and/or positioning aid. Such a projection 78 can be provided in the membrane receiving area 70 and/or in the bipolar plate receiving area 72 .
- FIGS. 7a and 7b Two exemplary configurations of a flux frame electrode unit 62 are described below with reference to FIGS. 7a and 7b, which differ only in the specific configuration and arrangement of the electrode 64.
- the electrode 64 is exemplary and preferably designed as a felt electrode, for example. made from a graphite felt z.
- the electrode 64 is designed and arranged in such a way that it is flush with the inner edges 80 of the frame base body 14 facing the frame opening 18 . Viewed in cross section, the electrode 64 is flush with the free ends 80 of the two long legs 24 - 1 , 24 - 2 of the frame base body 14 . In this respect, the profile opening 28 is closed by the electrode 64 . In the example shown, the insert 16 is dimensioned in such a way that it lies directly against the electrode 64 .
- the electrode 64 is designed and arranged in such a way that it partially penetrates into the profile receiving space 26 of the frame base body 14 and is received there in a form-fitting manner.
- the insert 16 and the electrode 64 are also designed here in such a way that the electrode 64 is in direct contact with the insert 16.
- the frame base bodies 14 of the flux frames 10 can be connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner in the manner of tongue and groove.
- FIG. 3e shows an exemplary configuration of such a tongue and groove connection in cross section.
- the basic frame body 14 has a groove 82 surrounding the frame opening 18 on a first outer side 32 and a corresponding projection 84 (tongue) surrounding the frame opening on the opposite outer side 30 .
- the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 can also be connected to one another via connecting elements 86-1, 86-2.
- the flux frame 14 is composed of two profile parts 15-2, 15-4 and two connecting parts 86-1, 86-2.
- the connecting parts 86-1, 86-2 are arranged between the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 and engage with a respective end section 88 in the profile receiving spaces 26' of the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 (in Figure 9a by way of example for a junction shown) .
- the connecting parts 86-1, 86-2 are cohesively connected to the profile parts 15-2, 15-4.
- an insert part 16′-1, 16′-2 is arranged in the profile receiving spaces 26′ of the two profile parts 15-2, 15-4 Channel structures 36 have.
- the connecting parts 86-1, 86-2 can also have connecting contours, for example in the form of connecting pins 90, on their end sections 88. Then the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 preferably each have corresponding recesses 92, in which the connecting pins 90 are positively received when arranged as intended.
- a profile strand which has the desired cross-sectional profile (cf. FIGS. 3a to 3e) is first extruded and cut to length according to a desired size of the future frame body 14.
- two short profile parts 15-1, 15-3 and two long profile parts 15-2, 15-4 are produced, for example.
- the respective ends 20 of the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 connecting contours 21 are then produced (cf. FIG. 1).
- the connection contours 21 are produced in that the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 are mitred to length at their ends 20, for example by cutting or punching.
- the insert 16 or the inserts 16′ are produced, for example, by primary shaping, reshaping, cutting or by injection molding processes.
- the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 and the insert 16 or the insert parts 16' are then assembled to form the flux frame 10.
- the insert 16 or the insert parts 16' are first inserted into the profile part receiving spaces 26' of the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4.
- the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 are connected at their ends 20 to the frame base body 14 in a fluid-tight manner, for example by welding and/or gluing.
- the inserts 16' can also be cohesively connected to one another and/or to the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4.
- the insert parts 16′ can also be inserted into the profile receiving space 26 only after the profile parts 15-1, 15-2, 15-3, 15-4 have been connected.
- two profile parts 15-2, 15-4 and two insert parts 16'-1, 16'-2 are first produced in the manner described above.
- the connecting parts 86-1, 86-2 are produced, for example by means of an injection molding process.
- the insert parts 16'-1, 16'-2 are then first inserted into the profile part receiving spaces 26' of the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 and then the profile parts 15-2, 15-4 with the connecting parts 86 -1, 86-2 joined together and connected to each other in a cohesive manner.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
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- Fuel Cell (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020134157.1A DE102020134157B4 (de) | 2020-12-18 | 2020-12-18 | Modularer Flussrahmen für eine elektrochemische Zelle, Flussrahmen-Elektroden-Einheit, Zelle, Zellstack, sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Flussrahmens |
| PCT/EP2021/085021 WO2022128737A1 (de) | 2020-12-18 | 2021-12-09 | Modularer flussrahmen für eine elektrochemische zelle, flussrahmen-elektroden-einheit, zelle, zellstack, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines flussrahmens |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4085487A1 true EP4085487A1 (de) | 2022-11-09 |
Family
ID=79185564
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21835687.1A Withdrawn EP4085487A1 (de) | 2020-12-18 | 2021-12-09 | Modularer flussrahmen für eine elektrochemische zelle, flussrahmen-elektroden-einheit, zelle, zellstack, sowie verfahren zur herstellung eines flussrahmens |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240047710A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4085487A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024500031A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20230122091A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN116686126A (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2021399753A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020134157B4 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022128737A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102854833B1 (ko) * | 2022-07-06 | 2025-09-04 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 카트리지 어셈블리 |
| WO2024083406A2 (de) | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Zellanordnung für eine redox-flow batterie und redox-flow batterie |
| WO2024083407A1 (de) | 2022-10-20 | 2024-04-25 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Zellanordnung für eine redox-flow batterie |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011122010A1 (de) * | 2011-12-23 | 2013-06-27 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Redox-Flow-Batterie mit außenliegender Versorgungsleitung und/oder Entsorgungsleitung |
| AT513834B1 (de) | 2013-03-01 | 2014-08-15 | Cellstrom Gmbh | Elastomerer Endrahmen einer Redox-Durchflussbatterie |
| AU2016391240B2 (en) | 2016-02-03 | 2021-10-21 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Redox flow battery |
| KR102574108B1 (ko) | 2016-08-26 | 2023-09-04 | 오씨아이 주식회사 | 레독스 흐름 전지의 플로우 프레임 |
| JP6836723B2 (ja) * | 2016-12-22 | 2021-03-03 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | セルフレーム、セルスタック、およびレドックスフロー電池 |
| DE112018007254T5 (de) | 2018-03-09 | 2020-11-19 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Zelle, Zellenstapel, Redox-Flussbatterie und Redox-Flussbatteriesystem |
| KR102730535B1 (ko) * | 2018-12-10 | 2024-11-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지용 탄성체 셀 프레임 및 그 제조방법과 이를 이용한 단위 셀 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-18 DE DE102020134157.1A patent/DE102020134157B4/de active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-09 AU AU2021399753A patent/AU2021399753A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-12-09 JP JP2023533351A patent/JP2024500031A/ja active Pending
- 2021-12-09 CN CN202180084309.1A patent/CN116686126A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-09 US US18/266,905 patent/US20240047710A1/en active Pending
- 2021-12-09 EP EP21835687.1A patent/EP4085487A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2021-12-09 WO PCT/EP2021/085021 patent/WO2022128737A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-09 KR KR1020237024171A patent/KR20230122091A/ko active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102020134157B4 (de) | 2024-10-10 |
| DE102020134157A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
| WO2022128737A1 (de) | 2022-06-23 |
| KR20230122091A (ko) | 2023-08-22 |
| CN116686126A (zh) | 2023-09-01 |
| JP2024500031A (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
| AU2021399753A9 (en) | 2024-07-11 |
| AU2021399753A1 (en) | 2023-07-27 |
| US20240047710A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
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