EP4077197B1 - Offshore-schiffskran - Google Patents

Offshore-schiffskran Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4077197B1
EP4077197B1 EP20833870.7A EP20833870A EP4077197B1 EP 4077197 B1 EP4077197 B1 EP 4077197B1 EP 20833870 A EP20833870 A EP 20833870A EP 4077197 B1 EP4077197 B1 EP 4077197B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boom
leg
jack
crane
legs
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EP20833870.7A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4077197A1 (de
Inventor
Joop Roodenburg
Marc Louis Brinkman
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Huisman Equipment BV
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Itrec BV
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/36—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes mounted on road or rail vehicles; Manually-movable jib-cranes for use in workshops; Floating cranes
    • B66C23/52—Floating cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/18—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes
    • B66C23/185—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes specially adapted for use in particular purposes for use erecting wind turbines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/64—Jibs
    • B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
    • B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an offshore vessel crane that is configured for mounting on an offshore vessel.
  • the offshore wind turbine is installed or serviced using a jack-up vessel that is positioned close to the wind turbine location and then the jack-up legs are extended and the vessel is lifted, at least in part but mostly entirely above the sea, to provide a stabilized situation for the crane operation.
  • the invention is primarily envisaged for the field of offshore wind turbines, so for maintenance, and also for installation and/or decommission of wind turbines.
  • the inventive crane may also be of use in other offshore applications, like oil & gas related operations, civil engineering operations, etc.
  • WO2018208158A1 discloses a hoisting crane for use on an offshore vessel, such a vessel and a method for hoisting an offshore wind turbine component wherein use is made of such a crane and/or vessel.
  • the hoisting crane comprises a base structure, a superstructure, a boom having a longitudinal axis and a length of 80-200 meters.
  • the boom comprises a proximal portion connected to the boom connection member, formed integrated via a joint structure with a single distal leg, wherein the length of the distal leg between the joint and the boom head structure exceeds 30 meters.
  • WO2018208158A1 discloses an offshore vessel crane according to the preamble of the independent claim 1.
  • WO 2018/199743 A2 discloses a motion compensating crane for use on an offshore vessel having a hull with a design waterline, wherein the crane comprises a revolving superstructure, a main boom mounted to the revolving superstructure and pivotally connected at an inner end thereof about a substantially horizontal boom pivot axis to the revolving superstructure, said main boom having a tip end remote from said inner end, a main boom luffing assembly adapted to set an angle of the main boom relative to the superstructure within a main boom working range.
  • WO 2018/052283 A1 discloses a telescopic lattice type crane boom for a crane, further comprising a locking system configured to lock at least one telescopic boom section with respect to a base boom section in at least an extended position, wherein said locking system includes a plurality of pins, each pin being configured to extend, in at least the extended position of the boom, at least partly through a corresponding pin receiving aperture provided in one of the base boom section and the at least one telescopic boom section.
  • offshore cranes comprising:
  • a boom having a single leg embodied as a latticed hollow box structure is known.
  • a known alternative is a A-frame booms which has generally the shape of an A with two boom legs connected, each embodied as a latticed hollow box structure.
  • Another known example is a twin leg boom with two parallel legs, each embodied as a latticed hollow box structure, wherein the legs are interconnected by multiple cross members, distributed over the length thereof, interconnecting the boom legs.
  • the present invention aims to provide a crane having enhanced versatility and capabilities, e.g. in view of increasing demands in the field of offshore wind turbines.
  • the present invention provides an offshore crane according to claim 1.
  • the boom has a main boom structure having a left-hand boom leg and a right-hand boom leg, each of these two boom legs having a proximal end portion that is pivotally connected to the left-hand connector and to the right-hand hand connector respectively.
  • Each of the two boom legs has a length of at least 60 meters, e.g. between 80 and 140 meters.
  • the legs of the main boom structure have a length of more than 100 meter, e.g. of about 120 meters.
  • the legs are rigid, unitary legs, e.g. welded steel unitary legs, each having a fixed length.
  • the legs are composed of leg modules that are fastened end-to-end, e.g. with one or more intermediate leg modules that are selectively mountable in the structure of a leg in order to set the length of the leg to a desired length.
  • Each boom leg is embodied as a hollow box structure, preferably a latticed hollow box structure.
  • the hollow box structure has a cross section defined by an inner side face and by multiple further faces.
  • the inner side faces of the left-hand and right-hand boom legs are spaced from one another to form a clearance between the boom legs along the length of the main boom structure.
  • each leg is over at least a major portion of the length thereof, e.g. all of the length, embodied with a rectangular cross section defined by the inner side, an outer side, a top side, and a bottom side.
  • each leg is over a portion of the length thereof, e.g. a minor portion, embodied with a triangular cross section, defined by the inner side, a top face, and bottom face, said top face and bottom face adjoining one another at an outer apex that is remote from the inner side, e.g. forming a cross section corresponding to an equilateral triangle or an isosceles triangle.
  • the main boom structure comprises, distributed over the length thereof, multiple cross members interconnecting the left-hand and right-hand boom legs.
  • the legs are straight over their entire length, e.g. parallel to one another.
  • the two boom legs each have a distal section with a distal end remote from the proximal end portion.
  • the boom of the inventive crane further comprises an extensible boom structure.
  • This extensible boom structure is slidably mounted between the distal sections of the two boom legs of the main boom structure, so as to be movable between a retracted position and an extended position in the direction of the length of the main boom section.
  • the extensible boom structure is over at least a major portion of the length thereof, e.g. over at least 75% thereof, embodied as a hollow box structure, e.g. a rectangular cross section hollow box structure with a top face, a bottom face, and opposed side faces.
  • a hollow box structure e.g. a rectangular cross section hollow box structure with a top face, a bottom face, and opposed side faces.
  • the extensible boom structure is in majority embodied as a latticed hollow box structure.
  • the side faces of the extensible boom structure each extend adjacent an associated one of the inner side faces of the distal sections, these faces being parallel to one another and extending in longitudinal direction of the boom.
  • the inner side faces of the distal sections each have parallel upper and lower chords interconnected by lacing members in the plane of the inner side face
  • the side faces of the extensible boom structure each have parallel upper and lower chords interconnected by lacing members in the plane of the inner side face of the extensible boom structure, wherein bearing members are arranged between each pair of adjacent upper chords and each pair of adjacent lower chords to allow for sliding of the extensible boom structure and for transmission of loads between the extensible boom structure and the distal sections of the two legs of the main boom structure.
  • the extensible boom structure is extendable and retractable over a range of at least 10 meters relative to the main boom structure, e.g. over at least 20 meters, e.g. between 20 and 40 meters.
  • the distal sections are interconnected by at least one of the cross members, which at least one cross member is located in proximity of the distal ends. This at least one cross member between the distal sections is configured to allow for extending and retracting motions of the extensible boom section.
  • the extensible boom structure is provided with a boom head at a tip end of the extensible boom structure.
  • variable length luffing system extends from the luffing winch to the boom head. In an alternative embodiment, the variable length luffing system extends from the luffing winch to the distal sections, e.g. to the distal ends thereof.
  • the crane boom is further provided with a stay mechanism. This mechanism has, for each of the boom legs, a fixed length stay extending from an anchoring member on the boom leg arranged in proximity of the proximal end of the boom leg to a top end of a strut that extends from the distal section of the boom leg. A variable length stay extends from said top end of the strut to the boom head.
  • the main hoisting cable extends from the main winch to a main cable sheave assembly that is arranged on the boom head.
  • the boom head is, in an embodiment thereof, provided with an auxiliary jib member that is fixed on the boom head, and the crane is provided with an auxiliary hoisting system having an auxiliary hoisting winch, an auxiliary hoisting cable driven by said winch, and an auxiliary sheave assembly on the auxiliary jib member from which an auxiliary load connector, e.g. a crane hook, is suspended.
  • an auxiliary load connector e.g. a crane hook
  • the two boom legs each have a proximal section extending from the proximal end portion thereof and a central section adjoining the proximal section, the distal section of the boom leg adjoining the central section, wherein the proximal sections are parallel to one another, wherein the central sections converge towards one another in the direction towards the distal sections, and wherein a cross member interconnects the boom legs where the proximal section and central section adjoin, and wherein a cross member interconnects the boom legs where the central section and distal section adjoin.
  • an inner end of the extensible boom section in the retracted position thereof, is located in proximity of the cross member where the central section and distal section adjoin.
  • the distal sections are each embodied as a latticed hollow box structure, each have an inner side face with parallel upper and lower chords interconnected by lacing members in the plane of the inner side face, wherein the cross member in proximity of the distal ends comprises trusses that are arranged in a plane between the upper chords and trusses arranged in a plane between the lower chords.
  • the extensible boom structure is over at least a major portion of the length thereof, e.g. over at least 75% thereof, embodied as a hollow box structure having a rectangular cross section of a width of at least 6 meters and a height of at least 3 meters.
  • the superstructure is provided with a gantry thereon, on which a luffing cable sheave assembly is mounted, the luffing cable sheave assembly guiding a luffing cable extending from the luffing winch to the boom head.
  • the luffing system comprises:
  • the crane comprises an extension mechanism comprising an extension winch, a winch driven extension cable, and an extension cable sheave system with multiple sheaves.
  • the extension mechanism is configured to engage on the extensible boom structure so as to provide an extension motion thereof, preferably retraction of the extensible boom structure being caused by the mass of the extensible boom structure whilst the boom is upwardly oriented.
  • retraction is done by a winch or some other drive.
  • extension and/or retraction is done by a rack-and-pinion mechanism.
  • the crane comprises a locking mechanism configured to lock the extensible boom mechanically to the distal sections in at least the retracted and extended position thereof.
  • the locking mechanism comprises one or more actuated locking pins or the like.
  • the invention also relates to an offshore vessel comprising a crane as described herein.
  • the invention also relates to a jack-up type offshore vessel comprising:
  • the crane is an around-the-leg crane, wherein a jack-up leg of the vessel extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about the jack-up leg.
  • the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. the vessel having a boom rest on which the boom is parked in a substantially horizontal orientation.
  • the crane is an around-the-leg crane, wherein a jack-up leg of the vessel extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about the jack-up leg, and wherein the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. the vessel having a boom rest on which the boom is parked in a substantially horizontal orientation.
  • the vessel has two aft jack-up legs and two front jack-up legs, wherein a rear jack-up leg extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about said jack-up leg, and wherein the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a front jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. wherein a cross member arranged at the join of the proximal section and central section of each boom leg is located at a rear side of the front jack-up leg when in the parking position.
  • a second aspect of the invention relates to a jack-up type offshore vessel comprising:
  • the crane of the vessel of the second aspect of the invention is provided with one or more of the technical features discussed herein with reference to the offshore vessel crane of the first aspect of the invention, e.g. as described in the appended claims.
  • the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. the vessel having a boom rest on which the boom is parked in a substantially horizontal orientation.
  • the crane is an around-the-leg crane, wherein a jack-up leg of the vessel extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about the jack-up leg.
  • the crane is an around-the-leg crane, wherein a jack-up leg of the vessel extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about the jack-up leg, and wherein the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. the vessel having a boom rest on which the boom is parked in a substantially horizontal orientation.
  • the vessel has two aft jack-up legs and two front jack-up legs, wherein a rear jack-up leg extends through the revolving superstructure and the slew bearing extends about said jack-up leg, and wherein the crane is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a front jack-up leg in the parking position, e.g. wherein a cross member arranged at the join of the proximal section and central section of each boom leg is located at a rear side of the front jack-up leg when in the parking position.
  • the invention also relates to a method for hoisting an offshore wind turbine component, e.g. for installation and/or maintenance of an offshore wind turbine, wherein use is made of a crane and/or an offshore vessel as described herein.
  • the vessel 1 comprises:
  • the vessel 1 is provided with a crane 10 for handling of offshore wind turbine components.
  • a crane 10 for handling of offshore wind turbine components.
  • a discussed the crane 10 can also be used for other purposes, and be installed on a different type of vessel, e.g. a semi-submersible crane vessel, etc.
  • the crane 10 comprises:
  • the boom 20 will be discussed in more detail below.
  • the crane 10 is an around-the-leg crane. It is shown, that an aft jack-up 4 leg extends through the revolving superstructure 12 and that the slew bearing extends about this jack-up leg.
  • the crane 10, in particular the boom 20, is configured for an over-the-leg parking position, wherein the two boom legs are located on opposite sides of a front jack-up leg 5 in the parking position.
  • the boom 20 is the supported on a boom rest 80 of the vessel.
  • the boom has a main boom structure 21 having a left-hand boom leg 22 and a right-hand boom leg 23.
  • Each of the two boom legs 22, 23 has a proximal end portion that is pivotally connected to the left-hand connector 13a and to the right-hand hand connector 13b, respectively.
  • Each boom leg 22, 23 has a length of at least 60 meters, e.g. between 80 and 140 meters, here about 120 meters.
  • Each boom leg 22, 23 is embodied as a hollow box structure, here a latticed hollow box structure.
  • Each leg 22, 23 has a cross section defined by an inner side face and multiple further faces.
  • the inner side faces of the left-hand boom leg 22 and the right-hand boom leg 23 are spaced from one another to form a clearance between the boom legs 22, 23 along the length of the main boom structure 21.
  • the main boom structure 21 comprises, distributed over the length thereof, multiple cross members 24, 25, 26, 27 interconnecting the left-hand and right-hand boom legs 22, 23.
  • the two boom legs 22, 23 each have a proximal section 22a, 23a extending from the proximal end portion thereof and a central section 22b, 23b adjoining the proximal section, as well as a distal section 22c, 23c adjoining the central section.
  • Each of the boom legs has a distal section 22c, 23c with a distal end 22d, 23d that is remote from the proximal end portion of the boom leg.
  • proximal sections 22a, 23a are parallel to one another.
  • the central sections 22b, 2b converge towards one another in the direction towards the distal sections 22c, 23c.
  • the cross member 24 interconnects the boom legs in proximity of the proximal ends.
  • the cross member 25 interconnects the boom legs where the proximal section 22a, 23a and central section 22b, 23b adjoin.
  • the cross member 26 interconnects the boom legs where the central section 22b, 23b and distal section 22c, 23c adjoin.
  • the boom 20 further has one extensible boom structure 30.
  • This extensible boom structure 30 is slidably mounted between the distal sections 22c, 23c of the boom legs of the main boom structure 21, so as to be movable between a retracted position and an extended position in the direction of the length of the main boom section. This is best shown in figures 4a,b and 5a,b .
  • the extensible boom structure 30 is over at least a major portion of the length thereof, e.g. over at least 75% thereof, embodied as a hollow box structure, see also figure 6 .
  • the boom structure 30 has a rectangular cross section hollow box structure, here, as preferred, a latticed hollow box structure, with a top face 31, a bottom face 32, and opposed side faces 33, 34.
  • the side faces 33, 34 of the extensible boom structure each extend adjacent a corresponding inner side face of one of the two distal sections. These pairs of side faces are parallel to one another and extend in the longitudinal direction of the boom.
  • the extensible boom structure 30 is extendable and retractable over a range of at least 10 meters relative to the main boom structure, e.g. over at least 20 meters, e.g. between 20 and 40 meters, here over about 30 meters.
  • Figure 6 shows that the distal sections 22c, 23c are interconnected by the cross members 26, 27, of which member 27 is located in proximity of the distal ends 22d, 23d.
  • These cross members in the distal region of the boom 20 are configured to allow for extending and retracting motions of the extensible boom section 30.
  • the extensible boom structure 30 is provided with a boom head 35 at a tip end of the extensible boom structure.
  • this boom head 35 can be embodied as a welded structure of steel plates with reinforcements, etc.
  • variable length luffing system extends from the luffing winch to the boom head 35 on the extensible boom structure 30.
  • main hoisting cable 51 extends from the main winch 50 to a main cable sheave assembly 52 on the boom head 35.
  • An main load connector e.g. a main crane hook 53, is suspended by means of cable 51 from the sheave assembly 52 on the boom head.
  • multiple main hoisting winches, cables, and main load connectors e.g. two main hoisting systems or possible three main hoisting systems, can be provided.
  • the one or more main cables 51 extend longitudinally through the extensible boom structure 30.
  • the cross member 26 that is arranged at the join of the proximal section and central section of each boom leg is located at a rear side of the front jack-up leg 5 when in the parking position.
  • an inner end of the extensible boom structure 30 is located in proximity of the cross member 26 where the proximal section and central section adjoin.
  • the distal sections 22c, 23c are each embodied as a latticed hollow box structure, each have an inner side face with parallel upper and lower chords interconnected by lacing members in the plane of the inner side face.
  • the cross members 26 and 27, at least cross member 27 that is located in proximity of the distal ends comprises trusses 27a that are arranged in a plane between the upper chords and trusses 27b arranged in a plane between the lower chords.
  • the extensible boom structure 30 is over at least a major portion of the length thereof, e.g. over at least 75% thereof, embodied as a hollow box structure having a rectangular cross section of a width of at least 6 meters and a height of at least 3 meters.
  • the superstructure 12 is provided with a gantry 14a thereon, on which a luffing cable sheave assembly 15 is mounted, guiding a luffing cable 41 extending from the luffing winch 40 to the boom head 35.
  • the luffing system comprises:
  • the crane 10 comprises an extension mechanism comprising an extension winch 60, a winch driven extension cable 61, and an extension cable sheave system with multiple sheaves 62, 63.
  • the extension mechanism is configured to engage on the extensible boom structure 30 so as to provide an extension motion thereof.
  • retraction of the extensible boom structure is caused by the mass of the extensible boom structure whilst the boom is upwardly oriented, so that the structure 30 sinks under its mass between the distal sections of the main structure 21.
  • the crane comprises a locking mechanism configured to lock the extensible boom mechanically to the distal sections in at least the retracted and extended position thereof.
  • the vessel and crane are very suitable for the hoisting of an offshore wind turbine component, e.g. for installation and/or maintenance of an offshore wind turbine.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show the jack-up type offshore vessel provided with another example of a crane according to the invention.
  • the extensible boom structure is retracted and in figure 8 extended.
  • a main difference with the crane described with reference to figures 1 - 6 lies in the design of the luffing system. Whilst the crane of figures 7 , 8 still has two luffing winches 40 on the superstructure and two spaced apart luffing cables 41, each driven by a respective luffing winch, these luffing cables now do not extend to the boom head 35. Instead, these luffing cables extend to respective luffing cable connectors 42 on the distal sections 22c, 23c of the boom legs, here at the very distal end thereof.
  • a further difference is the provision of a stay mechanism 70, having, for each of the two boom legs 22, 23, a fixed length stay 71 extending from an anchoring member 72 on the boom leg arranged in proximity of the proximal end of the boom leg to a top end of a strut 73 that extends upward from the distal section of the boom leg.
  • the mechanism 70 further has a variable length stay 74, that extends from the top end of the strut 73 to the boom head 35 on the extensible structure 30.
  • the variable length stay 74 allows for extension and retraction of the extensible boom structure.
  • the variable length stay comprises two stay cable arrangements, in the same plane as the corresponding fixed length stay.
  • each variable length stay comprises a stay cable, a system of sheaves, and a stay cable winch to vary the effective length of the stay between the end of the strut and the boom head.

Claims (18)

  1. Offshore-Schiffskran (10), konfiguriert zur Montage auf einem Offshore-Schiff (1), zum Beispiel zur Verwendung bei der Handhabung einer oder mehrerer Offshore-Windturbinenkomponenten, z.B. zur Installation und/oder Wartung einer Offshore-Windturbine, wobei der Kran umfasst:
    - eine Basisstruktur (11), die ausgebildet ist, um auf dem Schiff montiert zu werden, z.B. zur Befestigung am Rumpf des Schiffes;
    - einen drehbaren Oberbau (12), der auf einem Drehlager um eine Drehachse relativ zur Basisstruktur schwenkbar ist, wobei der Oberbau bereitgestellt ist mit:
    - einem Auslegerverbindungselement, das einen linken Verbinder (13a) und einen rechten Verbinder (13b) in einem Abstand voneinander umfasst, die zusammen eine horizontale Auslegerdrehachse (14) definieren;
    - einen Ausleger (20) mit einer Längsachse, wobei der Ausleger ein inneres Ende aufweist, das mit dem linken Verbinder und dem rechten Verbinder des Auslegerverbindungselements verbunden ist, so dass der Ausleger um die Auslegerschwenkachse (14), die senkrecht zur Längsachse eines Auslegers verläuft, auf und ab schwenkbar ist;
    ein Wippgerät zum Auf- und Abschwenken des Auslegers, umfassend eine Wippwinde (40) und ein längenvariables Wippsystem (41);
    - ein Haupthubsystem zum Anheben einer Last, umfassend eine Hauptwinde (50) und ein assoziiertes Haupthubseil (51);
    wobei der Ausleger eine Hauptauslegerstruktur mit einem linken Auslegerbein (22) und einem rechten Auslegerbein (23) aufweist, wobei jedes der Auslegerbeine einen proximalen Endabschnitt aufweist, der schwenkbar mit dem linken Verbinder (13a) bzw. dem rechten Verbinder (13b) verbunden ist,
    wobei jedes Auslegerbein (22, 23) eine Länge von zumindest 60 Metern, z.B. zwischen 80 und 140 Metern, aufweist,
    wobei jedes Auslegerbein als eine hohle Kastenstruktur, vorzugsweise eine gitterartige hohle Kastenstruktur, mit einem Querschnitt, der durch eine innere Seitenfläche und mehrere weitere Flächen definiert ist, ausgeführt ist, wobei die inneren Seitenflächen der linken und rechten Auslegerbeine (22, 23) voneinander beabstandet sind, um einen Zwischenraum zwischen den Auslegerbeinen entlang der Länge der Hauptauslegerstruktur zu bilden,
    wobei die Hauptauslegerstruktur (21) über ihre Länge verteilt mehrere Querträger (24, 25, 26, 27) umfasst, die die linken und rechten Auslegerbeine (22, 23) miteinander verbinden,
    wobei die Auslegerbeine (22, 23) jeweils einen distalen Abschnitt (22c, 23c) mit einem distalen Ende (22d, 23d) aufweisen, das von dem proximalen Endabschnitt entfernt ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Ausleger weiter eine ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur (30) umfasst, wobei die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur gleitend zwischen den distalen Abschnitten (22c, 23c) der Auslegerbeine (22, 23) der Hauptauslegerstruktur (21) angebracht ist, so dass sie zwischen einer eingefahrenen Position und einer ausgefahrenen Position in Richtung der Länge des Hauptauslegerabschnitts bewegbar ist,
    wobei die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur (30) zumindest über einen Großteil ihrer Länge, z.B. über mindestens 75 %, als Hohlkastenstruktur ausgebildet ist, z.B. eine Hohlkastenstruktur mit rechteckigem Querschnitt, vorzugsweise eine gitterförmige Hohlkastenstruktur, mit einer Oberseite (31), einer Unterseite (32) und gegenüberliegenden Seitenflächen (33, 34), wobei sich die Seitenflächen (33, 34) der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur neben den inneren Seitenflächen der distalen Abschnitte (22c, 23c) erstrecken, wobei die Seitenflächen parallel zueinander sind und sich in Längsrichtung des Auslegers erstrecken,
    wobei die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur (30) über einen Bereich von zumindest 10 Metern relativ zu der Hauptauslegerstruktur (21), z.B. über zumindest 20 Meter, z.B. zwischen 20 und 40 Metern, aus- und einfahrbar (60, 61, 62, 63) ist,
    wobei die distalen Abschnitte (22c, 23c) durch zumindest eines der Querelemente (27) verbunden sind, das in der Nähe der distalen Enden angeordnet ist, wobei das zumindest eine Querelement (27) konfiguriert ist, um die Ausfahr- und Einfahrbewegungen der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur (30) zu ermöglichen,
    wobei die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur (30) mit einem Auslegerkopf (35) an einem Spitzenende der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur bereitgestellt ist;
    wobei sich das Haupthubseil (51) von der Hauptwinde (50) zu einer Hauptseilscheibenanordnung (52) am Auslegerkopf (35) erstreckt.
  2. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei die beiden Auslegerbeine (22, 23) jeweils einen proximalen Abschnitt (22a, 23a), der sich von ihrem proximalen Endabschnitt erstreckt, und einen zentralen Abschnitt (22b, 23b) aufweisen, der an den proximalen Abschnitt angrenzt, wobei der distale Abschnitt (22c, 23c) des Auslegerbeins an den zentralen Abschnitt angrenzt, wobei die proximalen Abschnitte (22a, 23a) parallel zueinander sind, wobei die mittleren Abschnitte (22b, 23b) diagonal zu den distalen Abschnitten zueinander konvergieren, und wobei ein Querträger (25) die Auslegerbeine dort verbindet, wo der proximale Abschnitt und der mittlere Abschnitt aneinandergrenzen, und wobei ein Querträger (26) die Auslegerbeine dort verbindet, wo der mittlere Abschnitt und der distale Abschnitt aneinandergrenzen.
  3. Offshore-Kran für Schiffe gemäß Anspruch 2, wobei sich in seiner eingefahrenen Position ein inneres Ende der ausfahrbaren Struktur des Auslegers (30) in der Nähe des Querträgers (26) befindet, wo der mittlere Abschnitt und der distale Abschnitt aneinander angrenzen.
  4. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die distalen Abschnitte (22c, 23c) jeweils als gitterartige hohle Kastenstruktur ausgebildet sind und jeweils eine innere Seitenfläche mit parallelen Ober- und Unterträgern aufweisen, die durch Verstrebungselemente in der Ebene der inneren Seitenfläche miteinander verbunden sind, wobei der Querträger in der Nähe der distalen Enden Traversen umfasst, die in einer Ebene zwischen den Oberträgern angeordnet sind, und Traversen, die in einer Ebene zwischen den Unterträgern angeordnet sind.
  5. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur (30) zumindest über einen Großteil ihrer Länge, z.B. über mindestens 75 % davon, als hohle Kastenstruktur mit einem rechteckigen Querschnitt mit einer Breite von mindestens 6 Metern und einer Höhe von mindestens 3 Metern ausgeführt ist.
  6. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei der Oberbau (12) mit einem Portal (14a) darauf bereitgestellt ist, auf dem eine Wippseilscheibenanordnung (15) montiert ist, die ein Wippseil (41) führt.
  7. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, wobei sich das längenvariable Wippsystem (41) von der Wippwinde (40) zum Auslegerkopf (35) erstreckt.
  8. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1-6, wobei sich das längenvariable Wippsystem (41) von der Wippwinde (40) zu den distalen Abschnitten, z.B. zu den distalen Enden (22d, 23d) davon, wobei vorzugsweise der Ausleger 20 weiter mit einem Stangenmechanismus bereitgestellt wird, der für jeden der Auslegerbeine eine Stange (71) fester Länge aufweist, die sich von einem Verankerungselement (72) am Auslegerbein (22, 23) erstreckt, das in der Nähe des proximalen Endes des Auslegerbeins zu einem oberen Ende einer Strebe (73) angeordnet ist, die sich von dem distalen Abschnitt (22c, 23c) des Auslegerbeins erstreckt, und mit einer Strebe (74) variabler Länge, die sich von dem oberen Ende der Strebe zu dem Auslegerkopf (35) erstreckt.
  9. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1-8, wobei das Wippsystem Folgendes umfasst:
    - zwei Wippwinden (40) auf dem Oberbau; und
    - zwei Wippseile (41), die jeweils von einer entsprechenden Wippwinde angesteuert werden, wobei sich die Wippseile im Abstand voneinander, z.B. parallel zueinander, von Wippseilscheibenanordnungen (15) erstrecken, die auf dem Oberbau, z.B. an einem Portal (14a) desselben, zu jeweiligen Wippseilverbindern (42) am Auslegerkopf oder an den distalen Abschnitten der Auslegerbeine erstrecken, wobei die Wippseilverbinder (42) in einer Breitenrichtung des Auslegers voneinander beabstandet sind, z.B. auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Auslegerkopfes (35) in Breitenrichtung gesehen angeordnet sind.
  10. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, wobei der Kran einen Ausfahrmechanismus für die ausfahrbare Auslegerstruktur umfasst, der eine Ausfahrwinde (60), ein von der Winde angetriebenes Ausfahrseil (61) und ein Ausfahrseil-Scheibensystem mit mehreren Scheiben (62, 63) umfasst, wobei der Ausfahrmechanismus so konfiguriert ist, dass er an der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur (30) angreift, um eine Ausfahrbewegung derselben bereitzustellen, wobei vorzugsweise ein Einfahren der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur durch die Masse der ausfahrbaren Auslegerstruktur veranlasst wird, während der Ausleger nach oben ausgerichtet ist.
  11. Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, wobei der Kran (10) einen Verriegelungsmechanismus umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er den ausfahrbaren Ausleger zumindest in seiner eingefahrenen und ausgefahrenen Position mechanisch an den distalen Abschnitten sperrt.
  12. Offshore-Schiff, umfassend einen Offshore-Schiffskran (10) gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorangehenden Ansprüche.
  13. Hub-Offshore-Schiff (1), umfassend:
    - einen schwimmfähigen Rumpf (2) mit einem Hauptdeck (3),
    - zumindest drei Hebebeine (4, 5),
    - eine Vielzahl von Hebeeinheiten (6), die jeweils mit einem entsprechenden Hebebein assoziiert sind und ausgebildet sind, um das entsprechende Hebebein vertikal relativ zum Schiffskörper zu bewegen und das Schiff in eine operative Position zu bringen, in der die Beine den Meeresboden berühren und der Schiffskörper sich über dem Wasserspiegel befindet, - einen Offshore-Schiffskran gemäß einem oder mehreren der vorhergehenden Ansprüche 1-11.
  14. Hub-Offshore-Schiff nach Anspruch 13, wobei der Kran (10) ein Around-the-Leg-Kran ist, bei dem sich ein Hebebein des Schiffes durch den drehbaren Oberbau erstreckt und das Schwenklager sich um das Hebebein herum erstreckt.
  15. Hub-Offshore-Schiff nach Anspruch 13 oder 14, wobei der Kran (10) für eine Over-the-Leg-Parkposition konfiguriert ist, wobei die beiden Auslegerbeine auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Hebebeins in der Parkposition angeordnet sind, z. B. das Schiff eine Auslegerstütze (80) aufweist, auf der der Ausleger in einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Ausrichtung geparkt ist.
  16. Hub-Offshore-Schiff nach Anspruch 13, wobei der Kran (10) ein Around-the-Leg-Kran ist, wobei sich ein Hebebein des Schiffes durch den drehbaren Oberbau () erstreckt und sich das Schwenklager um das Hebebein herum erstreckt, und wobei der Kran für eine Parkposition über dem Bein konfiguriert ist, wobei die beiden Auslegerbeine auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines Hebebeins in der Parkposition angeordnet sind, z. B. das Schiff eine Auslegerstütze hat, auf der der Ausleger in einer im Wesentlichen horizontalen Ausrichtung geparkt ist.
  17. Hub-Offshore-Schiff nach Anspruch 13, wobei das Schiff (1) zwei hintere Hebebeine und zwei vordere Hebebeine aufweist, wobei sich ein hinteres Hebebein (4) durch den drehbaren Oberbau (12) erstreckt und das Schwenklager sich um das Hebebein erstreckt, und wobei der Kran (10) für eine Parkposition über dem Bein konfiguriert ist, wobei die beiden Auslegerbeine (22, 23) auf gegenüberliegenden Seiten eines vorderen Hebebeins (5) in der Parkposition angeordnet sind, z. B. g. wobei ein Querelement (25), das an der Verbindung des proximalen Abschnitts und des mittleren Abschnitts jedes Auslegerbeins angeordnet ist, an einer Rückseite des vorderen Hebelbeins angeordnet ist, wenn es sich in der Parkposition befindet.
  18. Verfahren zum Heben einer Offshore-Windturbinenkomponente, z.B. zur Installation und/oder Wartung einer Offshore-Windturbine, wobei ein Offshore-Schiffskran (10) und/oder ein Offshore-Schiff (1) gemäß einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 17 verwendet wird.
EP20833870.7A 2019-12-19 2020-12-18 Offshore-schiffskran Active EP4077197B1 (de)

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NL2024512A NL2024512B1 (en) 2019-12-19 2019-12-19 Offshore vessel crane
PCT/EP2020/087125 WO2021123236A1 (en) 2019-12-19 2020-12-18 Offshore vessel crane

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