EP4074139A1 - Vorrichtung zur thermischen belastung - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur thermischen belastungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4074139A1 EP4074139A1 EP20821001.3A EP20821001A EP4074139A1 EP 4074139 A1 EP4074139 A1 EP 4074139A1 EP 20821001 A EP20821001 A EP 20821001A EP 4074139 A1 EP4074139 A1 EP 4074139A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- conductor track
- fields
- housing
- board
- circuit board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/22—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible
- H05B3/26—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base
- H05B3/267—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional [2D] plane, e.g. plate-heater non-flexible heating conductor mounted on insulating base the insulating base being an organic material, e.g. plastic
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
- H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
- H05B1/0227—Applications
- H05B1/0288—Applications for non specified applications
- H05B1/0294—Planar elements
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
- H05B2203/007—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using multiple electrically connected resistive elements or resistive zones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/013—Heaters using resistive films or coatings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for thermal loading of a housing or a heat sink.
- Electronics housings for example those from Phoenix Contact, are often identified by a characteristic value for the power loss Pveriust [W], i.e. a value in watts, which indicates the thermal load the housing can bear as an example of an enclosure. This indicates the potential for dissipating the heat generated from electronic power loss.
- W power loss
- Pveriust i.e. a value in watts
- the permissible discharge rate can be specified for electronics housings that differ in terms of shape, size and material, depending on the installation situation and the ambient temperature.
- a mounting rail housing with a width of 35 mm in a lined-up installation situation can carry a power loss of 7.9 W as permissible discharge power, whereas the same housing can carry a power loss of 16.3 W with a lateral distance or free space of at least 20 mm.
- a heat source for example an electrical resistor
- the measurement of the housing temperature as a function of the power loss and the ambient temperature depends on a large number of indeterminate measurement parameters. These indeterminate measurement parameters include the size, geometry, position and electrical component behavior of the heat source.
- the measuring system is therefore undefined.
- the results of a measurement on different measurement setups or different housings are not comparable and cannot be reproduced.
- Heat sinks have a thermal resistance (or thermal conductivity) as a thermal characteristic. This characteristic value is also not comparable and not reproducible for different measurement setups or different sizes of the heat sink.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a device for the thermal loading of an enclosure or a heat sink, which makes it possible to determine a thermal characteristic value in a reproducible manner, which also enables different enclosures or heat sinks to be compared.
- a device for thermal loading of a housing and / or a heat sink comprises at least one printed circuit board that is or can be arranged in the housing or on the heat sink.
- Each of the at least one circuit board comprises at least one conductor track.
- Each of the at least one circuit board further comprises at least two fields, within each of which a continuously electrically conductive conductor track section of the at least one conductor track runs, a path length of the conductor track section within each of the at least two fields being greater than one or each edge length of the respective field or one or each Diagonal of the respective field or a circumference of the respective field.
- the conductor track sections are each designed to thermally load the housing and / or the cooling body as a function of a current flow to the respective conductor track. Since the circuit board arranged in the housing, for example in a housing or on the heat sink, comprises several fields, embodiments of the device can thermally load the housing or the heat sink inhomogeneously or evenly distributed at individual points, for example depending on the current supply to the respective conductor track.
- the thermal load can be determined spatially through the location of the fields.
- the thermal load can be regulated by the current supply, for example as a function of time and / or as a function of a temperature in the housing and / or an ambient temperature outside the housing or the heat sink.
- Embodiments of the device can be a tool for determining the thermal load capacity of the housing, preferably a parameter for the power loss, and / or for determining the transport of waste heat from the housing or for determining a thermal conductivity or a thermal resistance of the heat sink as a thermal parameter.
- the thermal load capacity of the housing or the heat sink can be the heat output emitted by the device depending on an ambient temperature, for example the maximum heat output at which the housing or the heat sink does not exceed a maximum temperature or reaches it in the steady state.
- the fields and / or the conductor track sections arranged therein can be uniform.
- the thermal characteristic values determined by means of exemplary embodiments of the device can be determined on the same basis and / or can be compared with one another, for example within a housing family of different housings and / or beyond.
- different sizes and / or shapes of the housing or the heat sink can be thermally comparable and / or reproducible by a number or arrangement of the uniform fields and / or conductor track sections corresponding to the respective size and / or shape are charged.
- Embodiments can achieve a comparability of the thermal load (for example with different sizes or shapes of the housing or the heat sink) and / or a reproducibility of the test setup through the uniformity.
- the board can also be referred to as a printed circuit board.
- Each conductor track section can be an ohmic conductor. According to the energization, each conductor track section, as an ohmic conductor, can emit a power loss as thermal power for thermal loading.
- the conductor track sections and / or the at least one conductor track preferably comprise no capacitors and / or no inductances.
- the conductor track section of each of the at least two fields of the at least one circuit board can be electrically conductively connected to the conductor track section of at least one field of the same circuit board adjoining the respective field within the circuit board.
- the conductor track section of each of the at least two fields of the at least one board can be in direct electrical contact with the conductor track section of at least one field of the same board adjoining the respective field, for example via a common edge of the adjoining fields.
- the conductor track sections belonging to the same conductor track of the at least one conductor track and / or the conductor track sections connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner within the board can be connected in series and / or form the respective conductor track.
- the conductor track or the conductor track sections connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner can form an ohmic conductor.
- the at least one circuit board can comprise several conductor tracks.
- One or each of the at least one circuit board can have a first side and a second side opposite the first side.
- the first side can comprise the at least two conductor tracks.
- the first side can have a predetermined breaking line running between the conductor tracks (for example parallel to the conductor tracks) and / or without crossing with the conductor tracks.
- the second side can comprise predetermined breaking lines which run transversely (for example perpendicularly) to one or each of the at least two conductor tracks on the first side.
- the predetermined breaking line or each of the predetermined breaking lines can correspond to a line of the board along which a material thickness of the board (for example a distance between the first side and the second side) is smaller than at other points on the board, for example smaller than within the fields.
- the fields can be arranged in rows and columns on the respective circuit board.
- Each row or each column can comprise one of the conductor tracks.
- the rows can also be referred to as "rows”.
- the device can furthermore comprise at least one electrically conductive connection, preferably a wiring or a bridging, between ends of different conductor tracks of the same board, for example between ends of different conductor tracks on the same board or on the same board of adjacent conductor tracks.
- Adjacent rows can each comprise a conductor track which is electrically conductively connected at a first end to the conductor track of a first adjacent row and is electrically conductively connected at a second end opposite the first end to the conductor track of a second adjacent row.
- the conductor tracks of two or more adjacent rows can be connected in series in a meandering manner.
- the board can (for example as a printed circuit board panel) comprise a (preferably crossover-free) continuous conductor track (for example on the first side).
- the continuous conductor track can optionally be cut through (for example as a result of cutting the edge to size).
- the remaining multiple conductor tracks can be wired to one another (preferably at the connection points).
- the various conductor tracks on the same board can be connected in series and / or in parallel via the electrically conductive connection, preferably in a circuit network.
- Directly adjacent conductor track sections and / or directly adjacent conductor tracks (for example directly adjacent rows) can be connected in an electrically conductive manner.
- conductor track sections that are remote from one another for example two conductor track sections with at least one further field arranged in between
- conductor tracks that are remote from one another can be connected in an electrically conductive manner.
- All conductor tracks are preferably connected in an electrically conductive manner to form a circuit network (for example an overall circuit and / or an ohmic resistance network), for example connected directly or indirectly.
- the device and / or the at least one circuit board can comprise a (preferably two-pole) power connection for all conductor tracks and / or for energizing all conductor track sections.
- the electrical connections of the various conductor tracks can have different energies (for example different current intensities and / or different power outputs or power densities, for example power outputs per unit area of the Board) of interconnected conductor tracks (or rows) and / or interconnected conductor track sections (or fields) correspond.
- the circuit board can have areas of different power output (also: power loss) and / or different power density (also: different thermal areas), which arise from the respective energization.
- the circuit network can determine an unequal supply of current to the individual conductor track sections, preferably a ratio of different current intensities through the respective conductor track sections and / or an inhomogeneous power loss or power density of different conductor track sections.
- the device can comprise at least two of the circuit boards.
- the device can furthermore comprise at least one electrically conductive connection, preferably wiring, between conductor tracks of different circuit boards.
- the conductor tracks of the various boards can be connected in series and / or in parallel via the electrically conductive connection, for example in the circuit network.
- the at least one electrically conductive connection can in each case electrically conductively connect two ends of the conductor track sections or of the conductor tracks that are not connected within the circuit board.
- the electrically conductively connected conductor tracks can form an ohmic conductor.
- the circuit network can be an ohmic resistor network.
- the fields can be limited all round.
- the fields can each be polygons, preferably regular polygons, hexagons, rectangles, squares or triangles.
- the fields can each be unit cells of a periodic grid on the board.
- the fields can each have edges aligned parallel to one another.
- the fields can be tiles of a tiling of a first side of the board (for example, except for one edge of the board).
- the tiling can be a Platonic tiling or a demiregular tiling or an Archimedean tiling.
- edge lengths of mutually parallel edges of different fields can be commensurable.
- the fields can be of the same size or can be parameterized by means of a basic dimension (for example a smallest common multiple of the edge length) or scaled (preferably as an integer).
- a basic dimension for example a smallest common multiple of the edge length
- scaled preferably as an integer
- the edge lengths of mutually parallel edges of different fields are a multiple of the basic dimension. Due to a uniform basic dimension (preferably for the entire circuit board), different housings and / or different heat sinks can be compared with regard to their thermal load capacity and / or their transport of waste heat.
- the fields can each be a polygon (preferably a regular polygon), a rectangular area or a square.
- the fields can each have the same shape, for example the same except for a (preferably isotropic) scaling of the size.
- the fields can be rectangular areas.
- a line shape of different fields of the device (for example the same board or different boards) can be rotated by 90 °, 180 ° or 270 ° with respect to one another.
- Each conductor track section can be branch-free and / or free of intersections within the respective field (for example rectangular area) and / or can run in one layer of the circuit board.
- the conductor track sections within the respective field and / or each conductor track within the respective circuit board can be produced in a single copper layer.
- the at least two fields can cover the respective circuit board (preferably essentially) on one side or on both sides.
- the at least two fields can cover or essentially cover the respective board at least on one side, in that the fields adjoin one another on the respective side and / or an edge area of the board that does not include any fields is narrower than an edge length between the fields and an edge of the board of fields.
- the device can further comprise a power source.
- the current source can be designed to energize the at least one conductor track.
- no active or non-linear electronic components are installed or connected (for example to the conductor tracks) on the at least one circuit board or in the at least one conductor track.
- One or each of the at least one circuit board can each have a first side and a second side opposite the first side.
- the first page can comprise the at least two fields.
- the second side can rest on the housing or on the heat sink or can be brought into contact.
- the device can furthermore comprise a temperature sensor which is designed to detect a temperature of the housing or of the heat sink and / or a temperature of the surroundings.
- the device can furthermore comprise a control unit (also: control unit or control) which is designed to energize the at least one conductor track as a function of a temperature detected by the temperature sensor (for example the temperature of the housing or the heat sink and / or the temperature the environment).
- the regulation can be designed to store a power consumption (also: power loss) of the current supply as a function of the detected temperature (for example the ambient temperature).
- the fields (or their conductor track sections) can be arranged in rows and columns (for example as a matrix) on the respective circuit board. A number of fields in at least two (for example directly adjacent) columns and / or at least two (for example directly adjacent) rows can be different from one another.
- the fields within a row can be equally spaced or have a uniform width.
- the fields within a column can be equally spaced or have a uniform width.
- the fields within a row can have the same spacing or a uniform width as the fields within a column.
- the fields are preferably free of overlap.
- At least one of the fields can be arranged outside the rows and columns, preferably in an edge region of the board.
- the carrier can correspond to a real circuit board (also: shape pattern) (for example with regard to its contour or shape).
- the device can be designed for thermal loading of a housing or a heat sink of the real circuit board.
- the circuit board can (for example as a printed circuit board panel) have a basic shape (preferably independent of the housing or the heat sink), for example a rectangle or a square.
- the circuit board can (for example, starting from a printed circuit board panel) by milling, breaking out (for example along the predetermined breaking lines), sawing (for example cutting grinding) and / or Cutting (for example laser cutting or water jet cutting) be shaped, for example based on the selected housing.
- the circuit board can be shaped according to the specifications of the real circuit board.
- Each conductor track section can comprise two connection points, preferably contact areas and / or soldering points, on opposite edges of the respective rectangular area.
- the circuit board can be shaped by milling, breaking out, sawing and / or cutting between two fields (for example between two adjacent fields of the printed circuit board panel).
- a connection point remaining on the edge of the board (for example on the broken edge) can be used for contacting (preferably energizing) the respective conductor track.
- the circuit board can be formed by milling, breaking out, sawing and / or cutting within at least one field (for example the printed circuit board panel) at the edge.
- the at least one incomplete field remaining at the edge of the board (for example at the broken edge) or a conductor track section interrupted therein can remain unused or de-energized during the thermal load.
- a line shape (also: shape) of the conductor track sections in the at least two fields can match.
- the correspondence of the line shape can include a geometric similarity of the conductor track sections, i.e. the line shapes can be congruent and / or scaled.
- the fields can be of different sizes.
- a line shape of the conductor track sections in the respective fields can be scaled according to the size of the respective field (for example the respective rectangular area).
- the fields can be bordered by predetermined breaking lines (preferably for separating the respective board).
- the board can be a printed circuit board and / or can be individually created from a printed circuit board panel, for example by breaking off excess fields or fields extending beyond a cross section of the housing or a system of the heat sink.
- the fields can be arranged in rows and columns on a first side of the at least one circuit board.
- the first side of the respective circuit board can have predetermined breaking lines without crossing along the edges of the fields in the direction of the rows, preferably not in the direction of the columns.
- a second side of the respective circuit board opposite the first side can have predetermined breaking lines along the edges of the fields (on the first side) in the direction of the rows and / or the columns.
- the predetermined breaking lines on the second side can cross each other (for example corresponding to the edges of the fields on the first side) in the direction of the rows and the columns.
- a line shape (also: shape) of each conductor track section within the respective field can be meandering.
- the at least one circuit board can comprise at least one field within which an electrothermal transducer, preferably a Peltier element, is arranged to generate a temperature gradient.
- the temperature gradient can be parallel to the board.
- the Peltier element can be arranged to drive heat transport within the board.
- the temperature gradient can be perpendicular to the board.
- the Peltier element can be arranged to drive heat transport with the environment. Since the Peltier element transports heat to the environment while consuming power, the Peltier element can function as a cooling element.
- the at least one field can be referred to as a cold spot.
- the housing can be a housing, a case or a switch cabinet.
- the device can furthermore comprise the housing and / or the cooling body.
- a contour of the board can correspond to an inside contour of the housing, a cross section of the housing or a thermal contact surface of the heat sink.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic representation of a device for thermal
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a field of the device according to the first exemplary embodiment in a first perspective view
- FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of the field of the device according to the first exemplary embodiment in a second perspective view
- Fig. 5 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of the device for thermal
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic representation of the device for thermal loading according to a fourth variant of the first exemplary embodiment in a front view.
- the device comprises at least one printed circuit board 102 that is or can be arranged in the housing or on the heat sink, each of which comprises at least one conductor track 104, and which each comprises at least two fields 106, within each of which a continuously electrically conductive conductor track section 108 of the at least one conductor track 104 runs.
- a path length of the conductor track section 108 within each of the at least two fields 106 is greater than one or each edge length of the respective field 106 or one or each diagonal of the respective field 106 or a circumference of the respective field 106.
- the conductor track sections 108 are each designed to thermally load the housing and / or the heat sink as a function of the energization of the respective conductor track 104.
- Embodiments of the device 100 can thermally load the housing (for example a housing) or the heat sink, preferably with a recorded or regulated current supply and / or a recorded or regulated power loss.
- the power loss that the device 100 generates can be the basis of the thermal classification of the housing or the heat sink, i.e. the determination of the thermal characteristic number.
- the thermal index corresponds to the power loss that is necessary to reach a specific temperature (for example a predetermined maximum temperature) of the housing or the heat sink, preferably at a specific ambient temperature and / or installation situation.
- the thermal characteristic number can be a basis for decision-making or a selection criterion when selecting a (for example, as compact as possible) housing for a given electronic circuit and / or in a conceptual phase or for developing the circuit’s electronics.
- the features highlighted in black in FIG. 1 serve to clarify the designation with reference symbols.
- the features highlighted in black can be structurally identical to the corresponding features shown with a thin line or border.
- Each conductor track section 108 is part of a conductor track 104.
- Each conductor track section 108 has a connection point 122, for example a connection surface or soldering pad, at opposite ends of the respective conductor track section 108. Is the connection point 122 inside the board 102, there is an electrically conductive connection 110 to the adjacent conductor track section 108 as part of the same conductor track 104. If the connection point 122 is at the edge of the circuit board 102, this is one end 118 of the respective conductor track 104 and / or for connecting an electrically conductive connection to a further conductor track 104 educated.
- the fields 106 are rectangles which are preferably arranged in rows 112 (also: rows) and columns 114.
- the number of fields 106, number of rows 112 and / or number of columns 114 shown is only exemplary.
- the conductor track section 108 arranged in each field 106 is longer than a circumference of the field 106, for example meandering within the area of the respective field 106.
- the length of the conductor track section 108 evenly covers the respective field 106 for a homogeneous heat input in the area.
- the circuit board 102 can also be referred to technically as a “printed circuit board” or PCB.
- the fields 106 can also be referred to as segments. Since the conductor track sections 108 have an ohmic resistance R, the circuit board 102 can also be referred to as an R-PCB segment matrix.
- the fields 106 are local heat sources arranged in rows 112 and columns 114.
- a (for example two-dimensional and / or geometric) shape of the conductor track sections 108 and / or a size of the conductor track sections 108 can be uniform on the entire circuit board 102 and / or for all fields 106, as exemplified by the rectangular arrangement of the fields 106 in the first Embodiment is shown.
- the device 100 can reproducibly and independently of the location and / or manufacturer of the housing thermally load the housing in order to determine the thermal characteristic number as a comparison variable.
- the same shape can be provided scaled to different sizes in fields 106 correspondingly different in size.
- the edge lengths of the fields 106 of different sizes are an integral multiple of a basic dimension (also: lowest common denominator).
- the circuit board 102 may or may not include fields 106 with an edge length equal to the basic dimension.
- the circuit board 102 is on the side on which the conductor track 104 is arranged or applied (also: first side, front side or top side), scratched (also: single scratched) as predetermined breaking lines 124. On the other side (also: second side, back or underside), the circuit board 102 has cross scratches as predetermined breaking lines 124.
- Fig. 2 shows schematically the second side of the first embodiment.
- the predetermined breaking lines 124 make it possible to isolate the board 102, preferably with the granularity of the fields 106. Since cross-fissures are only provided on the second side, the connection 110 within the board 102 is made possible without restricting the isolation of the board 102.
- connection 122 at each end 118 of each conductor track 104 is designed to contact and preferably mechanically connect an electrical conductor, for example a pole of a power connection (also referred to as an in or out connection) or a bridge connection to another conductor track 104 (for example on the same board 102 or on a further board 102).
- the connection 122 can comprise a bore and / or a contact or soldering pad.
- connection between different conductor tracks 104 is denoted generally by reference numeral 116. Examples of the connections 116 are shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 10.
- the power connection is generally with Reference numeral 120 denotes. Examples of the power connection 120 are shown schematically in FIGS. 6 to 10.
- Columns 114 and / or rows 112 are preferably labeled on a scratch panel edge of board 102, for example each consecutively numbered.
- the arrangement of the conductor track sections 104 which preferably extends along a linear direction and which belong to the same conductor track 104, can also be referred to as an axis (or in the first exemplary embodiment as row 112). Since the conductor track 104 is plated through at the connections 110 between its conductor track sections 108, electrical bridges at these connections 122 within the circuit board 102 can be dispensed with.
- the fields 106 are preferably square and / or n-fold rotationally symmetrical, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 3 (for example, four-fold rotationally symmetrical).
- n is an integer greater than or equal to 3 (for example, four-fold rotationally symmetrical).
- the n-fold rotational symmetry is advantageous in the arrangement (i.e. placement) of the at least one circuit board 102 in the housing or on the heat sink.
- two or more circuit boards 102 with conductor track sections 108 (and / or 2-360 ° / n, and / or ..., and / or (n-1) -360 ° / n) rotated relative to one another by 360 ° / n (that is to say, conductor track sections 108 rotated with regard to the shape of the conductor track sections 108) can be arranged relative to one another, for example via the connections 116, and / or be arranged in the housing or on the heat sink.
- Embodiments of the device 100 can be finely structured, scalable, variable, homogeneous, divisible and / or distributable (for example with regard to the Arrangement of the fields 106 and thus the heat sources).
- Embodiments of the device 100 can be flat and thus have a low convection resistance.
- Each field 106 and / or each conductor track section 108 can be designed to generate heat (for example waste heat from the electrical power line) when energized, preferably through each conductor track section 108 as an ohmic resistance (for example made of copper and / or in the form of a meander) and / or by at least one component (for example an electrical resistor).
- heat for example waste heat from the electrical power line
- ohmic resistance for example made of copper and / or in the form of a meander
- at least one component for example an electrical resistor
- the exemplary embodiments of the device 100 can be used as a heat source for determining thermal characteristics.
- a power loss for example Pveriust [W]
- a waste heat conductivity for example Pveriust per temperature gradient [W / K]
- a thermal index for example the thermal index of a housing as an enclosure.
- a thermal resistance R th [K / W] can be determined as a thermal characteristic number.
- the thermal resistance can be determined by means of the device as an identification number of an electronics housing, a heat sink, a combination of electronics housing and at least one heat sink, a switch box and / or a switch cabinet (as examples of an enclosure and / or a heat sink).
- Each exemplary embodiment of the device 100 can comprise a control unit (or, for short: control) and at least one temperature sensor.
- a first temperature sensor detects the temperature of the housing or the heat sink.
- a second temperature sensor can detect the temperature of an environment outside the housing or the heat sink.
- the regulation can be designed to regulate a current at the power connection 120 as a function of the detected temperature of the housing or the heat sink, preferably to achieve it (for example in a stationary state) a target temperature of the housing or the heat sink (for example a target temperature of 100 ° C.).
- the target temperature can be the maximum temperature of the housing or the heat sink.
- each exemplary embodiment of the device 100 can comprise a determination unit.
- the determination unit can be designed to determine the power loss required to achieve the target temperature as a function of the ambient temperature.
- the power loss as a characteristic value can be determined in a temperature range of the ambient temperature, for example between 20 ° C and 100 ° C or between a normalized room temperature and the target temperature of the housing, at which the power loss is by definition zero.
- a (for example, negative) slope of the power loss as a function of the ambient temperature can be determined by means of a compensation calculation (for example by means of linear regression). The slope (preferably without the negative sign) can correspond to the thermal characteristic value.
- Figures 3 and 4 show an embodiment of one of the fields 106 of the device 100, for example according to the first embodiment.
- Reference symbols which correspond to those of other exemplary embodiments or other figures can denote interchangeable or corresponding features.
- the field 106 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 can have been created as a panel by breaking out along the predetermined breaking lines 124 from the at least one plate 102 of the device 100.
- the field 106 in the device 100 can be energized or can be energized as a single circuit board 102, for example as a floating spot 134, via connections 116.
- FIG. 5 shows an arrangement of the fields 106 according to a second exemplary embodiment.
- the fields 106 are triangles. A tiling of the board 102 in the fields 106 is platonic or regular.
- FIG. 6 shows an arrangement of the fields 106 according to a third exemplary embodiment.
- the fields 106 are hexagons.
- the tiling of the board 102 is platonic or regular.
- the axis along which the conductor track elements 106 of the same conductor track 104 are arranged can run diagonally on the platinum.
- the third embodiment shows a circuit network 130, which can be implemented accordingly in each embodiment, in which a proportion of the total current strength of the power connection 120 through a conductor track section 108 to form a hot spot 134 is greater than the portion of the total current intensity through the hot spots 132 of the other conductor track sections 108.
- the hot spots 132 and hot spots 134 are connected in parallel to one another, a number of the conductor track sections 108 as hot spots 132 (and thus a resistance of the corresponding conductor track 104) being greater than a number of the conductor track section or sections 108 as hot spots or hot spots 134.
- the power loss can also be referred to as heating power (from the point of view of heat input).
- the conductor track section 108 can be an example of a heating element 108.
- at least one of the fields 106 comprises a cooling element, for example instead of the heating elements 108.
- the heating element of at least one field 106 can generate negative waste heat.
- at least one of the fields 106 (for example instead of a heating element or a heat source) comprises a negative heat source, ie a heat sink.
- a heat source for example, at least in individual fields 106 the disclosure of a heat source can be realized by a heat sink.
- the “waste heat” can also include negative “waste heat”.
- waste heat by dissipating heat (preferably out of the housing) or (for example partial) conversion of heat into another form of energy (for example in energy with lower entropy than the heat or in athermal electromagnetic radiation, light or electrical Electricity, preferably by means of the Seebeck effect) can be realized.
- Each exemplary embodiment can additionally include areas of the circuit board 102 in which at least one heating element 108 as hot spot 134 is supplied with different (preferably more) current than the at least one further heating element 108 as hot spot 132 in order to achieve a different (preferably greater) heating output. It is thus possible to simulate hot spots 134 of the circuit to be used, i.e. to imitate it in real life by means of the device 100.
- the heating power of the heating elements 108 can be regulated by means of the regulation.
- the heating output can be time-dependent, preferably in order to generate a thermal stress. In this way, temperature gradients or associated mechanical stresses in the housing or heat sink can be checked.
- At least one of the fields 106 comprises a cooling element, for example instead of the heating elements 108.
- the cooling element or elements can be arranged on the printed circuit board 102 and / or connected for supplying power.
- the cooling element or each of the cooling elements can comprise a Peltier element, for example.
- each exemplary embodiment of the device 100 can be designed to thermally load an electronics housing with a heat sink.
- one or more circuit boards 102 of the device 100 in Housing be arranged in parallel.
- the heat sinks can be arranged on one or both end faces of the circuit boards 102 (for example on an edge of the parallel circuit boards 102).
- the heat sinks can comprise fins on an outer side facing away from the circuit board 102 or the circuit boards 102.
- the heat sink or the heat sinks can extend perpendicular to a plane of the circuit boards 102.
- the device 100 may be in the form of a matrix (i.e., with the fields 106 in rows and columns).
- a shape adapted or provided for the housing (for example the housing) or the heat sink (also referred to as “PCB outline” in technical terms) can be broken out of this matrix by means of the predetermined breaking lines 124.
- the resulting exemplary embodiment can specifically and / or be able to fit and / or be arranged in the greatest possible connection or number of fields 106 (also: segment connection) in a cross section of the respective housing.
- several circuit boards (which are preferably each broken out of a matrix or are each formed by breaking out) can be electrically bridged in series (for example with bridges 116). The thermal index can then be determined.
- FIGS. 7 to 10 show variants of the first exemplary embodiment which are each bridged and / or are formed by breaking out individual rows 112, individual columns 114 and / or individual fields 106. Preferably, only so many fields 106 are broken out until the circuit board 102 fits into the housing, that is to say it fills the cross-section completely or with the granularity of the fields 106 to the maximum.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 show first and second variants of the first exemplary embodiment of the device 100. If the device 100 for thermal loading of a housing 200 is or can be arranged in the housing 200 as an example of the housing.
- the power connection 120 is from accessible outside the housing 200, for example fed by the control system.
- Each exemplary embodiment of the device is preferably designed to determine the thermal characteristic value (also referred to as a benchmark in technical terms) of a heat sink.
- the thermal characteristic value can test the suitability of the heat sink 300 for the application purpose (i.e. a circuit with a corresponding heat load).
- FIGS. 9 and 10 show variants of the first exemplary embodiment, the second side of which is in contact with a heat sink 300 for heat transport or can be brought into contact.
- the first side can rest against a cooling body 300 for heat transport or can be brought into contact.
- a thermal conductivity of the system comprising device 100 and heat sink can be improved.
- a heat-conducting material (technically also "Thermal Interface Material” or TIM, for example a heat-conducting paste) is arranged, preferably over the entire surface, for heat conduction between the conductor track sections 108 and the first side and / or for a material connection between the first side and the heat sink 300.
- the heat-conducting material can be electrically insulating.
- the thermally conductive material can spatially spaced the conductor tracks 104, preferably the conductor track sections 108 and / or the connection points 122 and / or the conductive connections 110 between adjoining conductor track sections 108, on the first side from the heat sink.
- the conductor tracks 104 preferably the conductor track sections 108 and / or the connection points 122 and / or the conductive connections 110 between adjoining conductor track sections 108, can be electrically insulated on the surface on the first side and / or with an electrically insulating material (for example a protective lacquer ) be layered and / or arranged (preferably in a sandwich construction) within the board (102).
- an electrically insulating material for example a protective lacquer
- the variants of different sizes can be formed with (preferably with regard to the edge length of the fields 106 and / or shape of the conductor track sections 108) uniform fields 106 and / or conductor track sections 108.
- the size is adapted to the heat sink 300 to be thermally loaded.
- the principle of the uniformity of the shape of the conductor track section 108 for determining comparable thermal characteristic values can also be applied to housings of different sizes.
- the circuit board 102 is provided with conductor track sections 108 as heating elements, which are electrically connected to one another (at 110).
- the fields 106 and / or the connection 110 can be arranged in rows and / or columns.
- each row 112 there can be an electrical connection 116 to the next row 112, so that the last heating element 108 of a row 112 is connected to the first heating element 108 of the next row.
- connections 110 and / or connection 116 can comprise conductor bridges (short: bridges) or be implemented by them.
- One or each of the conductor bridges can be set by a cable and / or in the respective circuit board 102 of the device 100 (for example in a printed circuit board).
- each field 106 can comprise more than 2 connections 110, which are optionally and / or severable as required.
- the first approach and the second approach can be combined in one device 100.
- the first approach and the second approach can be implemented for different connections 110 and / or different connections 116.
- Circuit board 102 track 104
- Conductor track section preferably heating element 108
Landscapes
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE20195901A BE1027857B1 (de) | 2019-12-13 | 2019-12-13 | Vorrichtung zur thermischen belastung |
| PCT/EP2020/085801 WO2021116431A1 (de) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-12-11 | Vorrichtung zur thermischen belastung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4074139A1 true EP4074139A1 (de) | 2022-10-19 |
Family
ID=69147367
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20821001.3A Pending EP4074139A1 (de) | 2019-12-13 | 2020-12-11 | Vorrichtung zur thermischen belastung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230217550A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4074139A1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114830822A (de) |
| BE (1) | BE1027857B1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020133202A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021116431A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1145882A (en) * | 1966-10-14 | 1969-03-19 | Sanders Associates Inc | Electrical resistance heating articles |
| US5381510A (en) * | 1991-03-15 | 1995-01-10 | In-Touch Products Co. | In-line fluid heating apparatus with gradation of heat energy from inlet to outlet |
| WO2009107209A1 (ja) * | 2008-02-27 | 2009-09-03 | 株式会社渕上ミクロ | ヒータ装置及び測定装置並びに熱伝導率推定方法 |
| WO2009117408A1 (en) * | 2008-03-18 | 2009-09-24 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Layered heater system with honeycomb core structure |
| RU2012139451A (ru) * | 2010-03-16 | 2014-04-27 | Баркей Гмбх Унд Ко. Кг | Устройство для нагревания движущихся текучих сред, а также способ его изготовления |
| DE102011051031A1 (de) * | 2010-09-09 | 2012-03-15 | Saint-Gobain Glass France | Transparente Scheibe mit Heizbeschichtung |
| DE112017005328T5 (de) * | 2016-10-21 | 2019-08-01 | Med-Tech Inc. | Erwärmungsvorrichtung und Infusionssystem |
| DE102017001461A1 (de) * | 2017-02-08 | 2018-08-09 | Gebr. Krallmann Gmbh | Heiz- und/oder Kühlvorrichtung für einen Festkörper oder einen Fluidstrom |
| EP3852505B1 (de) * | 2020-01-17 | 2023-12-06 | Aptiv Technologies Limited | Elektronische steuereinheit |
| CN116235378A (zh) * | 2020-06-11 | 2023-06-06 | 恩文特服务有限责任公司 | 用于控制数字断路器的系统和方法 |
| WO2022031791A1 (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2022-02-10 | Micropen Technologies Corporation | Fluid conduit assemblies and fluid transport systems |
-
2019
- 2019-12-13 BE BE20195901A patent/BE1027857B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2020
- 2020-12-11 WO PCT/EP2020/085801 patent/WO2021116431A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-11 EP EP20821001.3A patent/EP4074139A1/de active Pending
- 2020-12-11 DE DE102020133202.5A patent/DE102020133202A1/de active Pending
- 2020-12-11 US US17/784,113 patent/US20230217550A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-11 CN CN202080086478.4A patent/CN114830822A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114830822A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
| BE1027857B1 (de) | 2021-07-14 |
| WO2021116431A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
| BE1027857A1 (de) | 2021-07-06 |
| US20230217550A1 (en) | 2023-07-06 |
| DE102020133202A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
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