Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
  • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
  • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
  • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
  • H02M5/22—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
  • H02M5/275—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
  • H02M5/293—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
  • H02M5/2932—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage, current or power
  • H02M5/2937—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage, current or power using whole cycle control, i.e. switching an integer number of whole or half cycles of the AC input voltage
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
  • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
  • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
  • C25B1/042—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water by electrolysis of steam
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/23—Carbon monoxide or syngas
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
  • C25B1/01—Products
  • C25B1/34—Simultaneous production of alkali metal hydroxides and chlorine, oxyacids or salts of chlorine, e.g. by chlor-alkali electrolysis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
  • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
  • C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
  • C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
  • C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
  • C25B15/085—Removing impurities
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
  • C25B3/01—Products
  • C25B3/03—Acyclic or carbocyclic hydrocarbons
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
  • C25B3/01—Products
  • C25B3/07—Oxygen containing compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
  • C25B3/20—Processes
  • C25B3/25—Reduction
  • C25B3/26—Reduction of carbon dioxide
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
  • H02M5/02—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc
  • H02M5/04—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
  • H02M5/10—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases without intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using transformers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
  • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
  • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
  • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
  • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
  • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
  • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
  • Y02P20/133—Renewable energy sources, e.g. sunlight

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for operating a plant for electrolysis, e.g. for the production of hydrogen or another gaseous electrolysis product, in which at least one electrolysis device is supplied with electrical energy via a converter, as well as such a plant.
• electrolysis in which, for example, water is split into oxygen and hydrogen - that is, gaseous electrolysis products or products of the underlying redox reaction - by means of electrical energy.
• Water electrolysis is also used here.
• alkaline water electrolysis or AEL for "Alkaline Electrolysis”
• proton exchange membrane electrolysis or PEM electrolysis for "Proton Exchange Membrane” electrolysis
• the required electrical energy is obtained from, for example, an energy supply network such as the public power supply.
• So-called island networks can also be considered if, for example, such a system is operated (directly) on a wind turbine or a wind park with several wind turbines.
• This can lead to problems due to repercussions on the energy supply network, these repercussions generally being stronger the smaller the energy supply law.
• the present invention therefore has the object of specifying improved options for operating a system for electrolysis.
• a method according to the invention is used to operate a system for electrolysis to obtain at least one gaseous electrolysis product, in which at least one electrolysis device is electrically connected to a converter via a DC voltage circuit (also referred to as a DC voltage intermediate circuit).
• the converter in turn is or will be connected to an alternating voltage circuit in order to supply the at least one electrolysis device with electrical energy for its operation.
• the AC voltage circuit can be (directly) a power supply network, but it is typical and expedient if the AC voltage circuit is electrically connected to a transformer by means of a transformer
• Energy supply network is connected.
• the typically very high alternating voltage in the power supply network (at least when used on an industrial scale, a high voltage is typical) can be transformed down to a lower, required value of the alternating voltage.
• the public power supply or a public energy supply network come into consideration as the energy supply network.
• an island network is used as the energy supply network, that is to say a (self-contained) energy supply network such as a wind turbine or a wind park with several wind turbines.
• the converter is necessary in order to convert the alternating voltage, as it is typical for an energy supply network, into the direct voltage necessary for the operation of the electrolysis device (s).
• a so-called inverter or AC-DC converter can be used as the power converter.
• such a converter can also be used to convert direct voltage into alternating voltage.
• such a converter has semiconductor switches such as IGBTs or thyristors or also MOSFETs, which are connected accordingly, usually in a so-called bridge circuit, and are then controlled to convert the alternating voltage into a direct voltage.
• the system can preferably be used for water electrolysis, that is to say for the production of hydrogen as a gaseous electrolysis product.
• the types of water electrolysis already mentioned at the beginning come into consideration here.
• the system can - additionally or alternatively - but also for carbon dioxide electrolysis (C0 electrolysis) (this serves in particular to obtain CO or carbon monoxide as a gaseous electrolysis product) and / or for co-electrolysis (this serves in particular to obtain synthesis gas as a gaseous electrolysis product), in which carbon dioxide or carbon dioxide and water are converted into various products (especially gaseous electrolysis products) such as CO, synthesis gas or also ethylene, ethanol, format. Chlor-alkali electrolysis can also be used.
• the system can particularly preferably be used for low-temperature electrolysis and / or for medium-temperature electrolysis and / or high-temperature electrolysis, as was described in part at the beginning.
• the EPM, AEL and AEM are more typical as low temperature electrolysis at less than 100 ° C operated, although temperatures of up to 130 ° C are also possible and sometimes even very efficient.
• steam and not liquid water
• the high-temperature electrolysis is usually an electrolysis, the ceramic membranes eg SOEC or the described HT-PEM, in a temperature range above 600 ° C.
• the individual electrolysis devices are then designed accordingly.
• the specific type of electrolysis that is carried out with the system is, however, less relevant for the present invention, as can be seen from the following explanations.
• the present invention can be used with any type of electrolysis based on water and / or carbon dioxide Feed medium and also for chlor-alkali electrolysis (this is used in particular to obtain chlorine as a gaseous electrolysis product).
• the electrolysis device is supplied with electrical energy via the converter, feedback or repercussions in the AC voltage circuit or the power supply network occur due to its operation or the control of the semiconductor switches present therein.
• These feedbacks or repercussions are mainly based on the harmonic oscillations (i.e. fundamental oscillation and especially harmonics) in the alternating voltage, which arise from or during the rectification of the alternating voltage.
• the voltage is then regulated by phase control, which in turn amplifies the (undesired) harmonic oscillations.
• the converter is now operated by means of a vibration packet control.
• vibration packet control - also referred to as wave packet control - -
• phase control - a pulse is only switched in or at least close to zero crossings.
• this type of control is also known as "Zero Crossing Control”.
• the switching process of a semiconductor switch takes place when the oscillation of the alternating voltage that is present is at zero, or a switching process that has already been triggered is delayed until such a zero crossing occurs.
• current and voltage transients and thus harmonics are at least largely avoided. So that is in particular too a reduction of the voltage (with regard to the mean value or effective mean value) is possible.
• vibration packet control in particular a full wave control or a half wave control can be used.
• a transformer is usually used to transform the AC voltage of the power supply network down to a value that is suitable for the converter. It is then preferred if the transformer is operated using a tap changer.
• Tap changers for transformers are used to set the transformation ratio (the amplitude of the alternating voltage between the input voltage and the output voltage).
• the winding of the transformer on its high or low voltage side usually includes a main winding and a control or step winding with several taps that are led to the tap changer.
• the power control with parallel connection can also be implemented via the step switch.
• On-load tap changers are divided into on-load tap changers (OLTC for "On Load Tap Changer") and diverter (NLTC for "No Load Tap Changer", or DETC ' for "De-Energized Tap Changer” or OCTC for English. "Off Circuit Tap Changer”, these terms being synonymous).
• On-load tap-changers are used for uninterrupted switching under load and can be divided into load selectors and load switches.
• tap changers can be installed with one or three phases. This means that a tap changer column switches either one or three phases.
• Three single-phase tap changers require more space than a three-phase tap changer.
• the use of three-phase step switches usually requires the installation location in the star point of a star connection.
• Single-phase switches are usually required for larger currents, higher switching capacity or use in a delta connection.
• tap changers perform the same tasks as on-load tap-changers, but can only be adjusted without load or voltage.
• Change-over devices are usually designed with a few steps and are often only operated by hand, although automated operation is of course also possible. However, they are largely maintenance-free. Due to the avoidance of feedback from the used
• Vibration packet control also does not have any such feedback effects in the transformer and a particularly efficient and trouble-free switching process is made possible by means of the tap changer.
• the available, adjustable voltage range can be increased without (negative) effects on DC ripple.
• the aforementioned full-wave control when providing the DC voltage by means of the converter basically allows a voltage range of 0% to 100% of the input voltage as output voltage, but if no negative effects on DC ripple are to be allowed, a voltage range of 70% to 100%, preferably 80% to 100%, is expedient (thus, in particular, a direct current ripple during electrolysis can be kept low).
• a step switch basically allows voltage ranges without upper or lower limits, but a voltage range of 90% to 110% is economically preferred. These voltage ranges or operating ranges are sufficient to compensate for aging effects in the electrolysis or an electrolysis device and to keep the recovery or production rate of, for example, hydrogen constant over the service life (and thus also its previous operating time) of the electrolysis device.
• the electrolysis device can always be operated flexibly.
• the background here is that the voltage required to operate an electrolysis device at a certain production rate increases over time, so that the voltage provided must be increased over time in order to keep the production rate constant (as much as possible). In addition, it enables a certain flexibility of the operation, i.e. the production rate can be increased or reduced. In addition, it is alternatively or additionally preferred to completely switch off or on individual stacks of an electrolysis device and / or individual electrolysis devices (in particular in the case of several electrolysis devices) as required. Switching individual stacks on and off increases the work area further or enables the load range to be adjusted.
• the invention also relates to a system for electrolysis to obtain at least one gaseous electrolysis product, with at least one electrolysis device and a converter, the at least one electrolysis device being electrically connected to the converter via a DC voltage circuit, the converter being electrically connectable or connected to an AC voltage circuit to get the at least one
• Figure 1 shows schematically a system according to the invention in a preferred embodiment.
• FIG. 2 shows schematically the mode of operation of a vibration packet control as used in the context of the present invention.
• Figure 3 shows schematically voltage curves for the operation of an electrolysis device, which can be part of a system according to the invention.
• a system 100 according to the invention is shown schematically in a preferred embodiment.
• the system 100 is used for electrolysis and has a transformer 110, an AC voltage circuit 120, a converter or
• Inverter 130 a DC voltage circuit 140 and, for example, two electrolysis devices 150 and 160. It goes without saying that only one electrolysis device can also be provided, or that even more electrolysis devices can be provided.
• the transformer 110 has a tap changer 110, for example an on-load tap changer, and is electrically connected on the input side (or corresponding connections) to a power supply network 200 and on the output side (or corresponding other connections) electrically connected to the AC voltage circuit 120.
• the AC voltage provided by the power supply network 200 can thus be stepped down by means of the transformer 110, it being possible to change the transformation ratio by using the tap changer 111.
• the AC voltage circuit 120 is then electrically connected to the converter 130 or corresponding connections or input connections of the converter 130.
• the converter 130 is in turn electrically connected to the DC voltage circuit 140 via corresponding connections or output connections.
• the power converter 130 also has a control unit 131, by means of which semiconductor switches provided in the power converter can be appropriately controlled, ie opened and closed, in order to rectify the alternating voltage.
• the electrolysis devices 150 and 160 are in turn electrically connected to the DC voltage circuit 140.
• the electrolysis device 150 is designed for water electrolysis, in which water a is supplied and split into several stacks (only indicated) and hydrogen b and oxygen c as gaseous
• Electrolysis products are received and removed and, if necessary, stored. It is also conceivable to (further) purify the gaseous electrolysis product, e.g. by drying and / or removing other gases.
• the electrolysis device 160 can be constructed in the same way or differently. As already mentioned at the outset, the specific type of electrolysis device is less relevant for the present invention; rather, it depends on the operation of the converter 130 and, if applicable, the transformer 110.
• the power converter 130 or the semiconductor switches contained therein are controlled, in particular by means of the control unit 131, in such a way that the semiconductor switches always switch at or near a zero crossing of the relevant, applied oscillation of the AC voltage.
• the converter 130 is therefore operated by means of a vibration packet control.
• the exact switching time does not have to be exactly at the zero crossing, but can be, for example, up to 5% or up to 10% (based on a period of the oscillation) before or after.
• a control of the converter with the vibration packet control and thus its mode of operation is shown schematically.
• a voltage V is plotted over a time t and oscillations or waves of the alternating voltage as they are present at the input of the converter are shown.
• t 0 shows an oscillation packet duration of three full or whole oscillations here as an example
• t t 0 switched so that no undesired harmonics can occur. In addition, only whole oscillations are switched here.
• FIG. 3 voltage curves for the operation of an electrolysis device, which can be part of a system according to the invention and as shown by way of example in FIG. 1, are shown schematically and purely by way of example or generically.
• a voltage V is plotted against a current density I (instead this can also be a density of hydrogen).
• the curve V1 represents the relationship between the necessary voltage V and the current density I achieved therewith at the beginning of the life of the electrolysis device, while the curve V2 represents the corresponding one

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
• Rectifiers (AREA)
• Inverter Devices (AREA)

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• 2020
  • 2020-11-20 CA CA3143876A patent/CA3143876A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-11-20 WO PCT/EP2020/025528 patent/WO2021115625A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2020-11-20 EP EP20812224.2A patent/EP4073918A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2020-11-20 US US17/597,005 patent/US20220316080A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-11-20 KR KR1020217042072A patent/KR20220115862A/ko unknown
  • 2020-11-20 JP JP2021574899A patent/JP2023504955A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-11-20 CN CN202080042957.6A patent/CN114026271A/zh active Pending

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