EP4073871A1 - Dispositif de refroidissement d'un pack-batteries - Google Patents
Dispositif de refroidissement d'un pack-batteriesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4073871A1 EP4073871A1 EP20848991.4A EP20848991A EP4073871A1 EP 4073871 A1 EP4073871 A1 EP 4073871A1 EP 20848991 A EP20848991 A EP 20848991A EP 4073871 A1 EP4073871 A1 EP 4073871A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- dielectric fluid
- cooling device
- housing
- cooling
- vehicle
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20345—Sprayers; Atomizers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D16/00—Control of fluid pressure
- G05D16/20—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D16/2006—Control of fluid pressure characterised by the use of electric means with direct action of electric energy on controlling means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/63—Control systems
- H01M10/635—Control systems based on ambient temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/64—Heating or cooling; Temperature control characterised by the shape of the cells
- H01M10/647—Prismatic or flat cells, e.g. pouch cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6554—Rods or plates
- H01M10/6555—Rods or plates arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
- H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
- H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6567—Liquids
- H01M10/6568—Liquids characterised by flow circuits, e.g. loops, located externally to the cells or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
- H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
- H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
- H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/609—Arrangements or processes for filling with liquid, e.g. electrolytes
- H01M50/618—Pressure control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/673—Containers for storing liquids; Delivery conduits therefor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/60—Arrangements or processes for filling or topping-up with liquids; Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings
- H01M50/691—Arrangements or processes for draining liquids from casings; Cleaning battery or cell casings
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/2029—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a liquid coolant with phase change in electronic enclosures
- H05K7/20327—Accessories for moving fluid, for connecting fluid conduits, for distributing fluid or for preventing leakage, e.g. pumps, tanks or manifolds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K7/00—Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
- H05K7/20—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
- H05K7/20709—Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating for server racks or cabinets; for data centers, e.g. 19-inch computer racks
- H05K7/208—Liquid cooling with phase change
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of cooling devices for electronic elements, and it may in particular relate to devices for cooling battery packs of a hybrid or electric motor vehicle.
- hybrid or electric motor vehicles are powered by rechargeable electric batteries which, in operation, can reach extreme temperatures, these temperatures being able to generate a risk of damage to the structures of the vehicle near the batteries, and / or a risk of see the batteries ignite or at the very least function less well.
- the dielectric fluid can in particular be a two-phase fluid which, on contact with the batteries and by heat exchange, changes to the vapor state. It is therefore known practice to equip the battery pack with a condenser, in order to return the dielectric fluid to the liquid state. The dielectric fluid in the liquid state is then recovered, in particular at the bottom of the battery pack, and can for example be directed to a network of recirculation channels in order to be again inserted into the battery pack to be projected onto the batteries. batteries during subsequent use.
- the present invention overcomes the problem of evaporation of dielectric fluid within a housing containing electric batteries, despite the fact that the vehicle is stationary.
- the invention consists of a device for cooling a plurality of electronic elements capable of giving off heat during their operation for the power supply of an appliance or of a vehicle, said electronic elements being arranged in a housing, the device comprising at least one element for projecting a two-phase dielectric fluid onto the electronic elements, as well as a condenser provided with a cooling fluid circuit, the housing comprising a dielectric fluid recovery tank , the cooling device comprising a dielectric fluid circuit, provided with a circulation pump configured to suck the dielectric fluid from the recovery tank, and directly connected to the projection element, characterized in that the cooling device comprises a a system for regulating the internal pressure of the housing, the regulating system comprising a control module configured to generate an internal pressure regulation control instruction based on a condition of the cooling device and / or a condition of the device or vehicle.
- the projection element is configured to spray the two-phase dielectric fluid, in the liquid state, onto the electronic elements.
- An exchange of calories then takes place between the hot electronic elements and the dielectric fluid which vaporizes under the effect of the high temperature of the electronic elements.
- These can for example be battery cells for hybrid or electric vehicles, or any other electronic element that can reach very high temperatures and need to be cooled accordingly.
- the condenser may for example be in the form of a metal plate within which circulates a cooling fluid.
- the condenser is arranged within the housing such that contact is created between the condenser and the dielectric fluid in vapor form. A new exchange of calories is operated between the dielectric fluid in vapor form and the condenser associated with the cooling fluid, thus allowing the dielectric fluid to give up the calories previously acquired and to return to the liquid state.
- the housing is configured so that this two-phase electric fluid in the liquid state flows to the recovery tank.
- the dielectric fluid circuit connects the recovery tank to the projection element so that the dielectric fluid can again be sprayed in liquid form on the electronic elements.
- the circulation pump draws the dielectric fluid from the recovery tank and circulates it within the dielectric fluid circuit.
- the dielectric fluid circuit can open directly onto the projection element, or for example pass through the condenser before opening onto the projection element, in order to lower the temperature of the dielectric fluid before it is projected onto electronic elements and thus can perform a more efficient cooling thereof.
- the pressure regulating system of the cooling device is configured to avoid excess pressure in the housing that can generate stresses at the joints of this housing and leakage of dielectric fluid if necessary.
- excess pressure is in particular due to the vaporization of the dielectric fluid present in the housing and in particular when the vehicle is stationary and the cooling device is not running, that is to say when the coolant does not circulate in the condenser. This vaporization can occur after stopping the vehicle if the temperature reached by the electronic elements located near the drip tray remains too high, or in general when the ambient temperature is high.
- the control module present within the pressure regulation system makes it possible to detect a rise in the internal pressure of the housing, or another event which may cause an internal pressure rise in the housing.
- the control module also makes it possible, following this detection, to generate a control instruction intended for other components of the pressure regulation system capable of reducing the internal pressure of the housing.
- the control module comprises a pressure sensor, the control module being configured to generate a control instruction for regulating the internal pressure of the housing when a value measured by the sensor of pressure exceeds a pressure threshold value.
- the pressure sensor is advantageously arranged in the housing in order to measure the pressure precisely.
- the pressure sensor and the control module are configured to communicate with each other, if necessary by wired means.
- the pressure threshold value with which the pressure values measured by the pressure sensor are compared, is 1.5 bar. It has been determined by the inventors that from this pressure value of 1.5 bar, the internal pressure risks deforming the housing and the dielectric fluid present in the housing risks consequently escaping out of the housing, this pressure corresponding to a temperature of about 48 ° C.
- the control module retrieves in real time, or at regular intervals, the pressure values measured by the pressure sensor and initiates pressure regulation, i.e. generates appropriate control instructions, when one of the values pressure recovered is greater than or equal to 1.5 bar.
- the control module initiates the regulation of the internal pressure by generating a control instruction intended for the cooling fluid circuit associated with the condenser.
- the control module commands the start-up of the coolant circuit only when the pressure threshold value is reached.
- the regulation of the internal pressure in the case which has just been presented, with a control of the internal pressure and a control instruction relating to this pressure control, is said to be active, that is to say that regulation is carried out in real time based on a pressure measurement that is too high.
- the cooling device comprises a state detector of the device or of the vehicle capable of detecting and sending to the control module information relating to the stopping or operation of the device or vehicle.
- device status detector or of the vehicle it should be understood that this is a sensor which detects whether the device or the vehicle, on which the cooling device is installed, is in operation or if it is stationary.
- the state detector can for example be an accelerometer or a member directly linked to the vehicle starting device. The device's or vehicle's state detector can send a signal to the control module as soon as the change of state is confirmed, whether it is for example a stop of the vehicle's ignition, or a start of the latter .
- the pressure regulation system comprises a storage tank isolated from the housing, as well as a regulating pump capable of sucking the dielectric fluid present in the recovery tank to the storage tank. storage, and / or in sucking the dielectric fluid present in the storage tank to the recovery tank, according to an indication given by the state detector of the device or of the vehicle.
- the pressure regulation system can be configured to ensure the transfer of the dielectric fluid between the recovery tank and the storage tank, and this in both directions of circulation depending on the condition of the vehicle determined by the intermediary of the vehicle condition detector. More particularly, when the vehicle engine is not running, and the coolant is not circulating in the condenser, the risk of the dielectric fluid heating up is high and the control system is configured to remove the dielectric fluid from the housing of the condenser. cooling device.
- the vehicle condition detector transmits the information to the control module, which initiates the operation of the control pump for transfer the dielectric fluid from the recovery tank to the storage tank.
- the transfer of the dielectric fluid is carried out in the reverse direction, that is to say from the storage tank to the recovery tank, so that the dielectric fluid is again present in the case to play its role of cooling the batteries.
- the regulation system can also include a temperature sensor measuring the ambient temperature of the external environment and / or the temperature within the housing, in order to determine whether it is necessary to pump the dielectric fluid out of the housing or not. , this temperature information being able in particular to be considered in addition to that of the stopping of the vehicle.
- the regulation of the internal pressure in the case which has just been presented, with a withdrawal of the dielectric fluid from the housing to avoid overpressure in the event of the vehicle being stopped, is said to be passive, that is to say that the dielectric fluid is evacuated from the recovery tank as soon as the vehicle stops in order to prevent a potential increase in the internal pressure of the housing, without however being certain that the internal pressure of the housing increases too excessively.
- the regulation system comprises an insulating structure covering the storage tank.
- the insulating structure is independent of the housing, at a distance from the latter and covers the storage tank.
- the dielectric fluid is exited from the housing of the cooling device to be away from electronic elements which may cause the evaporation of the dielectric fluid.
- the insulating structure then acts as a thermal barrier so that the ambient temperature is also not able to cause the evaporation of the dielectric fluid. Under these conditions, the dielectric fluid is maintained in the liquid state in order to be operational during its transfer to the housing, and for example the recovery tank, when the vehicle is restarted.
- the storage tank comprises a heat exchanger.
- the dielectric fluid can thus be cooled when it is stored in the storage tank.
- the latter can for example be traversed by a pass within which circulates a cooling fluid, in order to keep the dielectric fluid at low temperature.
- the dielectric fluid is thus maintained in the liquid phase.
- Such a characteristic can be a alternative, or on the contrary be implemented in a complementary manner, to the presence of an insulating structure such as previously mentioned.
- the invention also covers a method of implementing a cooling device as described above, characterized in that it comprises:
- the determination step can in particular comprise a measurement carried out by a pressure sensor or a temperature sensor, depending on the embodiments of the cooling device, and / or the detection of a state of the vehicle which detects the stopping or starting the vehicle.
- the control module receives one or more signals and generates a control instruction accordingly, namely the activation of the coolant circuit while the vehicle is stationary and the internal pressure exceeds a threshold value in the case active regulation, or the suction of dielectric fluid from the recovery tank to the storage tank in the case of passive regulation.
- the invention also covers a thermal management system comprising a housing intended to receive a plurality of electronic elements capable of giving off heat during their operation and a cooling device as described above.
- the invention also covers a battery pack comprising a plurality of electronic elements capable of giving off heat during their operation, a housing receiving said electronic elements and a cooling device as described above.
- a battery pack enables the supply for example of an electric or hybrid motor of a motor vehicle.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a first embodiment of a device for cooling electronic elements according to the invention.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a second embodiment of the device for cooling electronic elements according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 is a representation of an example of the contents of a housing of the cooling device
- FIG 4 is a representation of a battery pack provided with the cooling device according to the invention.
- a cooling device 2 according to the invention is illustrated in Figure 1.
- Such a device comprises in particular a housing 12 housing a plurality of electronic elements 11 and a cooling device 2 which comprises at least one dielectric fluid circuit 21 inside which circulates a dielectric fluid 3, here two-phase, and which is configured to allow cooling of the electronic elements.
- the cooling device comprises a system for regulating the internal pressure of the housing.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 is in the form of a circulation channel on which is disposed at least one projection element 22.
- the projection element 22 may for example be a projection nozzle ensuring the spraying of the dielectric fluid 3 in the form of a spray.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 comprises a plurality of projection elements 22, distributed so as to ensure the spraying of the dielectric fluid 3 on a plurality of electronic elements 11.
- the electronic elements 11 can for example be battery cells allowing the supply of an electric or hybrid motor of a vehicle, or even computer servers that need to be cooled regularly. In each of these cases, the action of projection of the dielectric fluid 3 on the electronic elements 11 make it possible to lower the temperature of the latter.
- FIG. 1 represents four electronic elements 11, onto which dielectric fluid 3 is projected by means of four series of two projection elements 22 arranged on the dielectric fluid circuit 21.
- the dielectric fluid 3 two-phase is at least predominantly vaporized, vapor phase 31. It is however possible that a part of the dielectric fluid 3 is maintained in the liquid phase despite the heat exchange with the electronic elements 11.
- the dielectric fluid 3 in the liquid phase then flows to a recovery tank 25 located below the electronic elements 11.
- the drain tank recovery 25 may have the form of any container provided with an internal volume and being able to recover all of the dielectric fluid 3 in liquid form.
- the cooling device 2 comprises a condenser 26 which consists of a plate within which extends a cooling fluid circuit 23.
- the cooling fluid may for example be glycol water, or other liquids. refrigerants of the type R134a or 1234yf.
- the condenser-forming plate 26 has a contact wall 27 turned towards the inside of the housing and therefore disposed between the cooling fluid circuit 23 and the projection element 22.
- the two-phase dielectric fluid 3 once vaporized by the release of heat from the electronic elements 11, comes into contact with the condenser 26, more precisely with the contact wall 27, and liquefies in contact with this cooled wall under the effect of the cooling fluid circulating in the cooling fluid circuit 23.
- the contact wall 27 is slightly inclined, thus allowing the dielectric fluid 3 ironed in liquid form 32 to migrate along the contact wall 27 to fall into the recovery tank 25, under the effect of gravity.
- the recovery tank 25 therefore recovers the dielectric fluid 3 in liquid form, whether it is two-phase dielectric fluid not evaporated during the projection against the electronic elements 11, or else fluid vaporized and then liquefied by the condenser 26.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 comprises an end, opposite the end comprising the projection element 22, which is immersed in the dielectric fluid 3 in liquid form 32 present in the recovery tank 25.
- the fluid circuit dielectric 21 is able to suck the dielectric fluid 3 present in the recovery tank 25 by means of a circulation pump 24.
- the dielectric fluid 3 recovered in the tank in liquid form can thus recirculate within the dielectric fluid circuit 21 and be projected again onto the electronic elements 11 through the projection element 22.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 is isolated from the condenser 26, but it is possible to pass the dielectric fluid circuit 21 through the condenser 26 in order to lower the temperature of the dielectric fluid 3 and thus improve the cooling of the electronic elements 11.
- a dielectric fluid circuit fully disposed in the housing 12 of the cooling device, but it should be understood that this circuit can extend at least partly outside the housing, a connection end allowing the fluid present in the recovery tank to exit into a duct external to the housing and another end allowing the return of the fluid to the condenser, for example.
- the cooling device 2 in order to prevent an unwanted vaporization of the dielectric fluid 3 two-phase causes an increase in the internal pressure of the housing 12, the cooling device 2 is provided with a pressure regulation system 4 making it possible to prevent or attenuate the increase in internal pressure of the housing 12.
- a pressure regulation system 4 making it possible to prevent or attenuate the increase in internal pressure of the housing 12.
- the regulation system 4 comprises a pressure sensor 42 which measures the internal pressure of the housing 12 and a control module 41 which is configured to be able to modify the configuration of the circuit cooling and in particular the circulation of the cooling fluid.
- the pressure sensor 42 is arranged in the housing, here in the vicinity of the contact face 27 of the condenser 26, to measure the internal pressure of the housing, and it is configured to communicate with the control module in order to transmit to it the measured pressure values.
- the control module 41 is configured to compare the measured values with a pressure threshold value, which may in particular be equal to 1.5 bar. When the pressure threshold value is exceeded, the function of the control module 41 is to generate a control instruction intended for the cooling fluid circuit 23 to allow regulation of the internal pressure of the box 12.
- control module 41 when the control module 41 has detected a case of overpressure, a control instruction is transmitted to the cooling fluid circuit 23 of the condenser 26 so that the cooling fluid circulates inside the circuit and can evacuate the calories captured from the dielectric fluid.
- the control instruction aims to restart the circulation of the cooling fluid of the condenser 26, so that the dielectric fluid 3 in vapor form 31 can resume a liquid form and thus allow a reduction in the internal pressure of the housing. 12.
- the communication between pressure sensor and control module, and the resulting control action, is implemented in particular in the case of a vehicle stopping, and stopping the flow of fluid from cooling which may result if the engine is switched off.
- the values measured by the pressure sensor may be required continuously, or else cyclically, at regular intervals.
- the regulating action which has just been described can be stopped by controlling the internal pressure of the housing 12 via the pressure sensor 42.
- the control module 41 can generate an instruction to stop circulation of the cooling fluid, this circulation being able to be reset on by the control module 41 each time the pressure threshold value is exceeded within the box 12.
- the first embodiment of the cooling device 2 therefore comprises a so-called active regulation system 4, that is to say here based on the measurement of the internal pressure of the housing 12 and causing the condensation of the dielectric fluid 3 when necessary.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the cooling device 2. This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment only at the level of the regulation system 4. The process for cooling the electronic elements 11 being strictly identical, reference will be made to the description of FIG. 1 with regard to this aspect of the cooling device 2.
- the regulation system 4 does not include a pressure sensor so that it does not allow active regulation as described above, but on the contrary passive, preventive regulation.
- the control system here comprises a state detector 43 of the device, or of the vehicle for example, comprising this cooling device.
- the state detector 43 allows in particular, in the case of application of the cooling device to a motor vehicle, the detection of the stop of the vehicle, more precisely when the ignition of the latter is off.
- the condition detector 43 is configured to also detect the starting of the vehicle. When stopping or starting the vehicle, the state detector 43 sends a signal to the control module 41 which, just as for the first embodiment, generates a control instruction for the regulation of the internal pressure in the box. 12.
- the regulation system also comprises a storage tank 45 connected to the recovery tank 25 by any pipe.
- the storage tank 45 is located outside the housing 12 and communicates with the latter only through said pipe.
- the state detector 43 When the vehicle's ignition is off, the stop is detected by the state detector 43 which transmits a signal to the control module 41. The latter command then a regulating pump 44 which ensures the suction of the dielectric fluid 3 present in the recovery tank 25 to direct it to the storage tank 45. As long as the vehicle is stationary, the dielectric fluid 3 is kept in the storage tank 45. When the vehicle restarts, the state detector 43 again sends a signal to the control module 41 which again controls the regulating pump 44 this time in a reverse configuration to transfer the dielectric fluid 3 from the tank 45 to the drip tray 25.
- the dielectric fluid 3 when the vehicle is stationary, the dielectric fluid 3 is isolated from the housing 12 and does not risk evaporating under the effect of a rise in temperature and causing an increase in pressure internal case.
- the dielectric fluid 3 is transferred back to the recovery tank 25 in order to be able to cool the electronic elements 11 as described in FIG. 1.
- the implementation of this pressure regulation involves the actuation of a pump and therefore has an energy cost, however minimal. Consequently, the regulation system can be configured so that the control module 41 retrieves information relating to the temperature, whether it is the temperature inside the housing 12 and / or the ambient temperature, in order not to activate this regulation. in the event of stopping the vehicle only under high temperature conditions which risk causing evaporation of the two-phase dielectric fluid.
- the latter can be disposed within a structure insulating 46 which acts as a thermal barrier and thus prevents any phenomenon of evaporation within the storage tank 45.
- the dielectric fluid 3 stored in the storage tank 45 can also be cooled by a heat exchanger 47 for on the one hand to be kept in the liquid state and to avoid an undesired overpressure and on the other hand to be at an optimum temperature to generate a more efficient cooling on the electronic elements 11 subsequently, when the dielectric fluid 3 is transferred into the recovery tank 25.
- the insulating structure 46 and the cooler 47 are not inseparable. It is possible to use only one or the other without altering the efficiency of the regulation system 4 and / or as required.
- the second embodiment of the cooling device 2 therefore comprises a so-called passive regulation system 4, that is to say allowing the removal of the dielectric fluid 3 from the housing 12 in a preventive manner to prevent its evaporation within this one, without necessarily being necessary.
- the cooling device is associated with a battery pack provided with six electronic elements 11 divided into three stages of two electronic elements 11 each, each stage of electronic elements 11 being overlooked by a condenser 26.
- Each condenser 26 comprises two side walls 262 interconnected by an upper wall 261.
- the upper wall 261 extends mainly in a plane formed by a longitudinal axis L and a transverse axis T, while the side walls 262 s 'extend mainly along a plane formed by the longitudinal axis L and a vertical axis V, with reference to the trihedron L, V, T shown in Figure 3.
- Each condenser 26 also comprises a central wall 263, extending from the wall upper 261 being parallel to the side walls and having dimensions identical or substantially identical to the dimensions of these side walls 262.
- the condenser 26 in its entirety is therefore in the form of two U arranged side by side, each of the U partially framing an electronic element 11 of the stage overhung by the condenser 26.
- the projection elements 22 are located on the side walls 262 and the central wall 263 of the condenser 26, more precisely on a face of each of said walls oriented towards the electronic element 11, so that the dielectric fluid can be projected against the electronic elements 11.
- the dielectric fluid is supplied to the projection elements 22 by means of the dielectric fluid circuit 21 visible in relief on each of the side walls 262 and of the central walls 263.
- the cooling fluid circuit 23 s' in turn extends in the thickness of the top wall 261, from a cooling fluid inlet 231 to a cooling fluid outlet 232, each located on the top wall 261.
- the top wall 261 also includes a dielectric fluid inlet 211, the dielectric fluid outlet being provided by the projection elements 22.
- the recovery tank 25 is located below all of the electronic elements 11 in order to recover all of the dielectric fluid, either directly from the spraying against the electronic elements 11, or from the liquefaction of the dielectric fluid by the condenser 26, as has been written previously.
- Such a set of electronic elements and the associated cooling device can in particular be integrated into a battery pack 1 as illustrated in FIG. 4, which makes it possible, for example, to supply power to a hybrid vehicle. or electric.
- the battery pack 1 intended to be placed under the passenger compartment of the vehicle, comprises two boxes 12, each box including within it an arrangement as shown in Figure 3 for example.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 is here arranged outside the housing, with a connecting end emerging from each housing 12 at the level of the recovery tank arranged inside this latest.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 is thus connected to the recovery tank in order to suck up the dielectric fluid in liquid form having deposited therein, in particular via a circulation pump 24.
- the dielectric fluid circuit 21 is connected to a distributor plate 52 located between the two boxes 12 of the battery pack 1.
- the distributor plate is configured to supply each of the stages of the electronic elements with dielectric fluid.
- the battery pack 1 also comprises a connector 51 enabling the cooling fluid circuit of each condenser to be supplied with cooling fluid.
- each of the boxes 12 comprises two connectors 51 corresponding to an inlet and an outlet for cooling fluid.
- the cooling fluid circulates within the distributor plate 52 in order to supply all of the condensers with cooling fluid.
- the connectors 51 allow the connection of each circuit of cooling fluid with a cooling module, not shown in FIG. 4, which makes it possible to cool the cooling fluid after the latter has effected the heat exchange with the dielectric fluid as it passes through each of the condensers.
- Each cooling fluid circuit comprises means for activating the circulation of the cooling fluid within this circuit, for example a valve or a pump.
- the cooling device according to the first embodiment described above can in particular be implemented in the battery pack illustrated in FIG. 4, by providing a pressure sensor disposed within each housing 12.
- the control module can in particular be arranged within one of the boxes 12, or fixed to the battery pack 1, and this control module can be configured to give a control instruction to the activation means mentioned above.
- the cooling device comprises a system for regulating the internal pressure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1914325A FR3104826B1 (fr) | 2019-12-12 | 2019-12-12 | Dispositif de refroidissement d’un pack-batteries |
| PCT/FR2020/052400 WO2021116629A1 (fr) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-11 | Dispositif de refroidissement d'un pack-batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4073871A1 true EP4073871A1 (fr) | 2022-10-19 |
Family
ID=74550690
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20848991.4A Pending EP4073871A1 (fr) | 2019-12-12 | 2020-12-11 | Dispositif de refroidissement d'un pack-batteries |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230051254A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4073871A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN115004448A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3104826B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2021116629A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20220100459A (ko) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-07-15 | 현대모비스 주식회사 | 배터리 모듈 냉각 구조체 |
| FR3124319A1 (fr) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-12-23 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de régulation thermique d’un composant électrique et/ou électronique |
| EP4152485A4 (fr) * | 2021-07-30 | 2023-05-31 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Compartiment de batterie, batterie, dispositif électrique, procédé de fabrication de batterie et dispositif |
| FR3129779A1 (fr) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-02 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de regulation de la temperature d’un element electrique et/ou electronique |
| FR3131806B1 (fr) * | 2022-01-11 | 2023-11-24 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de régulation thermique pour un composant électrique ou électronique |
| US12048117B2 (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2024-07-23 | Baidu Usa Llc | IT cooling enclosures for energy storage backup systems |
| CN116373690B (zh) * | 2023-04-25 | 2026-01-23 | 湖南行必达网联科技有限公司 | 电池冷却液控制系统、方法及车辆 |
| CN117096475B (zh) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-01-30 | 珠海中力新能源科技有限公司 | 一种电池组的管理方法、装置、电子设备及存储介质 |
| CN119108708B (zh) * | 2024-11-08 | 2025-03-04 | 深圳永泰数能科技有限公司 | 一种应用于高倍率充放电液冷散热的电池模组及控制方法 |
| CN120320026B (zh) * | 2025-06-17 | 2025-10-10 | 双一力(宁波)电池有限公司 | 液冷回路的注液系统和注液方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014060088A (ja) * | 2012-09-19 | 2014-04-03 | Toshiba Corp | 二次電池装置および二次電池システム |
| CN203279429U (zh) * | 2013-01-09 | 2013-11-06 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | 用于发热装置的喷淋式蒸发冷却循环系统 |
| FR3037727A3 (fr) * | 2015-06-17 | 2016-12-23 | Renault Sa | Pack de batterie refroidit par un materiau a changement de phase a pression constante |
| CN105934139B (zh) * | 2016-06-16 | 2018-05-22 | 广东合一新材料研究院有限公司 | 大功率器件的工质接触式冷却系统及其工作方法 |
| FR3077683B1 (fr) * | 2018-02-05 | 2022-07-01 | Valeo Systemes Thermiques | Dispositif de regulation de temperature d'une batterie a l'aide d'un fluide dielectrique et pack-batterie comprenant un tel dispositif |
-
2019
- 2019-12-12 FR FR1914325A patent/FR3104826B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-12-11 WO PCT/FR2020/052400 patent/WO2021116629A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2020-12-11 US US17/784,821 patent/US20230051254A1/en active Pending
- 2020-12-11 EP EP20848991.4A patent/EP4073871A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-12-11 CN CN202080093782.1A patent/CN115004448A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3104826B1 (fr) | 2024-05-10 |
| WO2021116629A1 (fr) | 2021-06-17 |
| FR3104826A1 (fr) | 2021-06-18 |
| US20230051254A1 (en) | 2023-02-16 |
| CN115004448A (zh) | 2022-09-02 |
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