EP4072855A1 - Self-extinguishing timer structure with vertical boards - Google Patents
Self-extinguishing timer structure with vertical boardsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4072855A1 EP4072855A1 EP20833735.2A EP20833735A EP4072855A1 EP 4072855 A1 EP4072855 A1 EP 4072855A1 EP 20833735 A EP20833735 A EP 20833735A EP 4072855 A1 EP4072855 A1 EP 4072855A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lamella
- clt
- self
- boards
- fire
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011120 plywood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019788 craving Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009970 fire resistant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/14—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a face layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B21/042—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/13—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board all layers being exclusively wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/03—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers with respect to the orientation of features
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
- E04C2/12—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of solid wood
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N9/00—Arrangements for fireproofing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
- B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2607/00—Walls, panels
Definitions
- the present invention is related to a self-extinguishing timber structure comprising one or more self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) elements. More specific, the present invention is related to a self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element, each CLT element comprising a plurality of lamellae (plural form lamellae used throughout; same meaning as lamellas) and each lamella comprises one or more boards. The lamella and boards are arranged such that during a fire exposure in an enclosure or exterior, the at least one of the plurality of lamellae chars seamlessly until self-extinction occur.
- CLT cross laminated timber
- Solid homogenous wall elements of e.g. thicknesses 50-200 mm are not available today due to high cost, less practical to manufacture without warping and susceptibility of developing cracks in use.
- the most common timber wall elements used today are cross-laminated ones (CLT).
- Cross-laminated timber is a wood panel product made from gluing layers of solid-sawn lumber together. Each layer of boards is usually oriented perpendicular to adjacent layers and bonded to the wide faces of each board, usually in a symmetric way so that the outer layers have the same orientation.
- Regular timber is an anisotropic material, meaning that the physical properties change depending on the direction at which the force is applied. By gluing layers of wood at right angles, the panel is able to achieve better structural rigidity in both directions. It is similar to plywood but with distinctively thicker laminations (or lamellae).
- CLT cross laminated timber
- All CLT elements have layers of wood (lamellae), typically glued together.
- the protective layer or some areas of the first timber lamella may be abruptly detach from the wood element and drop down simultaneously. Because the room fire is uniform at his stage, this detachment will occur about the same time for all first lamella of the CLT wall elements in the room (ceiling CLT elements may delaminate a bit earlier).
- This simultaneous separation of the protective layers or the first timber lamellae will expose uncharred fresh surface of the next lamella layers of the CLT element, which will cause the fire heat release rate (HRR) to regain substantially by radiation and reradiation.
- the HRR is the rate of heat generated by fire. It is a measure of the heat flux that is available in every square meter of surface absorbing heat within a particular surface. The HRR may be measured in Joules per second or Watts.
- the number of exposed wood walls in a room may be increased to three or all four, depending on type of ceiling and ventilation openings of room on fire. This is what the market and architects are craving for and yet out of reach.
- a strong incentive for using CLT in buildings are to allow the wooden surfaces to be exposed.
- One incentive of the present invention is to avoid or at least reduce the use of chemicals such as fire retardants and glue in the CLT elements.
- one object of the present invention is to provide a wood structure or a wood element that resolve or at least mitigate one or more of the above-mentioned problems related to fire.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a wood structure or element that in case of a fire will have increased probability of self-extinction by application of single boards of readily available dimensions without use of fire retardants, without restrictions on type of glue and without protection by such as but not limited to boards of gypsum, calcium silicate or fiber cement.
- the present invention is related to a self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element comprising a plurality of lamellae arranged to form the CLT element, each lamella comprises one or more boards. The boards are arranged side by side, to form one lamella.
- CLT cross laminated timber
- At least one lamella of the plurality of lamellae comprises a plurality of boards, each board having a rectangular shape cross-section with a short side (B) and a long side (A).
- each board having its wide face(s) with the long side (A) bonded to the wide face of adjacent board such that during an enclosure fire the plurality of boards of the at least one lamella char seamlessly across a thickness (L) of the at least one lamella, and where the thickness (L) equals a length of the long side (A).
- the at least one lamella may comprise a plurality or boards bonded together along the long side (A) of each board.
- the board is arranged with its short side (B) facing the long side (A) of boards of adjacent lamella.
- the term board is referred to a flat, rectangular piece of wood, with parallel wide faces defined by long side (A) and the length of the board. Seen in a cross section the board has a rectangular shape, with a short side (B) and a long side (A).
- the board may have different lengths and may comprise one or more board elements.
- Each board may be constructed with short board lengths having their wide face bound to the wide face of adjacent board.
- the term cross section is in this application referred to a longitudinal cross section of the board, wherein the cross section of the board has a long side (A) with a length which is greater than the short side (B).
- the term wide face denotes side area of a board having the largest area.
- the area is thus defined by a longitudinal length of the board and the long side (A).
- the long side (A) of a board is facing, mating and/or bonded to a long side (A) of adjacent board of the at least one lamella.
- the plurality of boards of the at least one lamella may have the same orientation.
- the short side (B) of each board may be arranged facing the long side (A) of adjacent lamella.
- the short side (B) may be bonded to the long side (A) of adjacent lamella, such that the boards of the adjacent lamella are arranged with its wide face bonded to the at least one lamella.
- the long side (A) may be at least 40 mm, or the long side (A) may be at least 50 mm. Thickness of the at least one lamella may need to exceed 40 mm to ensure self extinction without delamination for the most common periods of fire endurance and safety margins.
- the plurality of boards of the at least one lamella may be oriented perpendicular to adjacent lamella.
- the at least one lamella may be an outer lamella of the CLT element, or the at least one lamella may be arranged below an outer lamella.
- the plurality of lamellae of the CLT element may be arranged symmetric so that the outer lamellae of the CLT element have the same orientation.
- One objective of the present invention is to extend the time of burn-through of CLT by non-treated wooden parts geometrically configured to avoid delamination.
- self-extinguishing cross laminated wood element may be a CLT element or massive wood element made such that during a fire exposure the at least one lamella of perpendicular boards chars seamlessly through the long side (A) (edge to edge) of its boards.
- the present invention provides a self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element by avoiding that the lamellae delaminate and thereby expose the fresh wood of lamellae behind and causing the heat release rate (HRR) to increase.
- CLT cross laminated timber
- HRR heat release rate
- the lamella of the present invention may be e.g. 2 or 3 times thicker than practical boards of common CLT elements, fixed or glued on their wide face to adjacent boards, no delamination of layers (lamellae) will occur for most room fire loads and the CLT element may respond to fire similar to solid timber.
- the protect ive char layer ensure self-extinguishing and prevent secondary flashovers.
- the present invention makes the element universal to be applied in any orientation.
- Said lamella may be located between lamellae or on one side only of the CLT element.
- CLT element may have odd or even number of lamellae.
- the at least one lamella of the present invention may be an outer lamella of a CLT element.
- the at least one lamella provides a seamless charring through the thick outer lamellae of CLT element, while allowing crack-free and smooth surfaces by use of readily available boards.
- a major function of the present invention is to enable self-extinction, prevent re growth of fire, prevent secondary flashovers and prevent increased fire exposure to faqades by using regular board dimensions and not requiring types of glue that are harmful to environment, require long curing times, are expensive or less practical.
- the dimension of boards of the at least one lamella, the long side (A) of boards which constitutes the thickness of the lamella (L) and thus the seamless travel of charring are preferably calculated by adding burnout time of inventory of room or fuel package at facades to the applicable decay time and then multiply the sum (minutes) with the specific charring rate of timber used.
- lamella thickness (A in figure 3a) must equal or exceed "40+30 min times 0.8 mm/minute" which is 56 mm.
- the invention is also related to a self-extinguishing timber structure, wherein the timber structure comprising one or more cross laminated timber (CLT) element(s) as described above.
- the timber elements may be arranged side by side to form a wall and/or ceiling of a room in a building.
- Each timber element may be arranged with the at least one lamella according to the present invention facing into the room such that during an exposure to fire the plurality of boards of the at least one lamella char seamlessly across a thickness of the at least one lamella.
- CLT cross laminated timber
- the structural integrity may be strengthen or if a wide continuous surface finish is preferable, a 20mm layer of lamella (or other dimensions) may be arranged on top of the boards having its wide face(s) with the long side (A) bonded to the wide face of adjacent board.
- the 20 mm layer of lamella may be the outer layers of the self extinguishing timer structure and arranged on the surface B of the boards. This outer layer will participate in the burn-out phase of room furniture, and such that the self-extinguishing phase starts when the protective char layers are established on top of the boards.
- Figure 1 shows a prior art CLT element comprising five layers (lamellae).
- FIG. 2 shows a self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element according one embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3a shows self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element according another embodiment of the present invention.
- Figure 3b shows a cross section with dimensions for reference in description.
- Figure 4 shows graphically the HRR rate over time during a room fire, the first in a room of solid wood panels and the second in a room of CLT panels where lamellae delaminated.
- Figure 5 shows graphically the Mass Loss Rate (g/m2’*s) over time, during a room fire in a room with respective solid wood panels CLT panels.
- Figure 6 shows graphically the Mass Loss Rate (g/m2’*s) over time of figure 5, where the Mass Loss Rate of the present invention is indicated to coincide with test results of solid timber.
- FIG 1 shows a prior art cross-laminated timber (CLT) element 10.
- the CLT element 10 is a wood panel product made from layers (lamellae) 11 of solid-sawn lumber joined together.
- Each lamella 11 comprises boards 12 crossing adjacent lamella 11 and bonded on the wide faces of each board 12.
- the boards 12 of each lamella 11 are bonded side by side providing a bond line 18 between the boards.
- Each board 12 has a rectangular cross section with a short side (B) and long side (A).
- the lamellae 11 are further arranged symmetric such that outer layers (top and bottom in figure 1) have the same orientation.
- An odd number of lamellae (such as 3, 5 or 7 layers) are most common, but there are configurations with even numbers as well.
- the figure 1 shows CLT element having 5 layers or lamellae 11.
- the outer lamellae are arranged symmetric about the center lamella, and all lamellae have same thickness.
- the figure 2 shows an embodiment of the present invention where the CLT is a 5- ply symmetric element with the outermost lamellae in the same orientation.
- the at least one lamella 11 according to the present invention is arranged at the outermost layers (top and bottom in figure 2).
- Each board 12 of the at least one lamella 11 has a rectangular cross section with a long side A facing and bonded to long side A of adjacent board. The mating long side A are bonded along bonding line 18.
- each board of the at least one lamella 11 has its wide face(s) bonded to the wide face of adjacent board (12) such that during exposure to fire, the plurality of boards 12 of the at least one lamella 11 char seamlessly across a thickness L of the at least one lamella 11, and where the thickness L equals a length of the long side A.
- the figure 3A shows an embodiment of the present invention where the CLT is a 6- ply unsymmetric element with the outermost layers in opposite orientations accord ing to the present invention. This is to strengthen loadbearing of a horizontal deck element or to prevent warping of wall elements at applications which require it.
- the figure 3B show a cross section with signature dimensions for reference.
- the dimensions of perpendicular boards of the at least one lamella 11, the long side A of boards which constitutes the thickness L of the lamella 11 and thus the seamless travel of charring may be calculated by adding burnout time of inventory of room or fuel package at facades plus the applicable decay time and then multiply the sum (minutes) with the specific charring rate of timber used.
- lamella thickness (A in figure 2) must equal or exceed "25+30 min times 0.8 mm/minute" which is 44 mm.
- Preferred max thickness is 90-120 mm to limit overall thickness of CLT elements.
- Figure 4 is from publication Wiesner: "Structural capacity in fire of laminated timber elements in compartments with exposed timber surfaces", Engineering Structures Publication 179. 2019, following graphs demonstrates the HRR over time for a wall element.
- the first graph a) Betal, in Figure 4 shows a graph of the Heat Release Rate (HRR) over time (duration) for a wall element of solid wood during a room fire.
- HRR Heat Release Rate
- the HRR is a rate of heat produced by the fire and is available to all exposed surfaces. The accumulated heat exposing wood surfaces will ignite them at certain level of heat or radiation. HRR are measured in Joules per second or Watts (Megawatt).
- the graph shows that the HRR increases rapidly in a room fire when the outer surface of the solid wood element gets involved.
- the HRR increases and has a peak of about 5 Megawatt at 10-20 min., during which a char layer has been built on the outer surface of the solid wood element. Due to the char layer of the wood which is always protecting the fresh wood behind, the HRR rate will drastically drop after approximately 20 min, when all the contents in the room is burnt away. The added heat to the solid wood surface will decrease and the HRR rate will drop drastically, causing the fire to self-extinguish in the decay phase.
- the graph b) Beta2, of figure 4 shows a graph of the Heat Release Rate (HRR) over time (duration) for a wall element of CLT panel during a room fire.
- the CLT panel which comprises a plurality of layers, will have the same fire development as for the solid wood in the decay phase.
- the HRR increases quickly to a peak of about 5 MW in about 10-15 min. Due to the development of the char layer (first layer), the HRR drops when all the contents in the room is burnt away at about 15 min. When the first layer is burnt through the remaining of the first layer may be abruptly detach from the CLT panel and drop down simultaneously. Because the room fire is uniform at his stage, this detachment will occur about the same time for all first layers of the CLT panels in the room.
- Figure 5 and 6 are taken from the publication: "Analysis of cross-laminated timber charring rates upon exposure to non-standard heating conditions”, by Bartlett, University of Edinburgh.
- the dotted line in figure 5 shows a traditional CLT panel with a plurality of layers, where the MLR decreases after a char layer has been built up on the outer surface of the CLT panel. Due to the delamination of the outer layer, the MLR increase again when the reignition and flashover starts on the fresh wood behind the outer layer, causing the MLR to increase until a new char layer has been established.
- the dotted line in figure 5 shows the time when the delamination occurs, resulting in an increase in MLR just after the delamination.
- Figure 6 shows the same graphs of figure 5, but with the graph of a CLT panel according to the present invention included.
- This graph in thick solid line qualitat ively illustrates the effect of the invention by the embodiment shown by figure 3a, 3b and 3c. Due to the seamless charring of the outer layer the peaks of the MLR are prevented and there is no delamination, when layer thickness is correctly designed as described.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20191468A NO345746B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2019-12-11 | A self-extinguishing cross laminated timber (CLT) element |
NO20200247A NO345852B1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2020-02-28 | Fire retardant CLT element |
PCT/EP2020/085578 WO2021116308A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2020-12-10 | Self-extinguishing timer structure with vertical boards |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4072855A1 true EP4072855A1 (en) | 2022-10-19 |
Family
ID=74105973
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20833735.2A Withdrawn EP4072855A1 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2020-12-10 | Self-extinguishing timer structure with vertical boards |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4072855A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021116308A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20060078666A1 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2006-04-13 | Smith Daniel G | Laminated coconut palm and products thereof |
US8927085B2 (en) * | 2010-05-31 | 2015-01-06 | Lignor Limited. | Cross laminated strand product |
FR3039456B1 (en) * | 2015-07-31 | 2019-08-30 | Universite de Bordeaux | MULTILAYER WOOD PANEL AND METHOD FOR CUTTING AND ASSEMBLING WOOD AVIVES IN THE GREEN CONDITION FOR MANUFACTURING SUCH A PANEL |
EP3424657A1 (en) | 2017-07-07 | 2019-01-09 | UPM Plywood Oy | A fire resistant plywood panel and a method for improving fire resistance of a plywood panel |
-
2020
- 2020-12-10 EP EP20833735.2A patent/EP4072855A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-12-10 WO PCT/EP2020/085578 patent/WO2021116308A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2021116308A1 (en) | 2021-06-17 |
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