EP4069485A1 - Recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboards - Google Patents
Recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboardsInfo
- Publication number
- EP4069485A1 EP4069485A1 EP20896217.5A EP20896217A EP4069485A1 EP 4069485 A1 EP4069485 A1 EP 4069485A1 EP 20896217 A EP20896217 A EP 20896217A EP 4069485 A1 EP4069485 A1 EP 4069485A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fiberboard
- lignocellulosic fibers
- pieces
- pressure
- fibers
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 163
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000000887 hydrating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 4
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000273930 Brevoortia tyrannus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- HANVTCGOAROXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine;urea Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 HANVTCGOAROXMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-isocyanato-2-[(2-isocyanatophenyl)methyl]benzene Chemical compound O=C=NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N=C=O JIABEENURMZTTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009408 flooring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003621 hammer milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/10—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation
- C08J11/14—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers by chemically breaking down the molecular chains of polymers or breaking of crosslinks, e.g. devulcanisation by treatment with steam or water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
- B09B3/45—Steam treatment, e.g. supercritical water gasification or oxidation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
- B27L11/08—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor of wood fibres, e.g. produced by tearing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/007—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres and at least partly composed of recycled material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/04—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L97/00—Compositions of lignin-containing materials
- C08L97/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27L—REMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
- B27L11/00—Manufacture of wood shavings, chips, powder, or the like; Tools therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B17/0412—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling to large particles, e.g. beads, granules, flakes, slices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0468—Crushing, i.e. disintegrating into small particles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
- B29B2017/0424—Specific disintegrating techniques; devices therefor
- B29B2017/0484—Grinding tools, roller mills or disc mills
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
- B32B21/02—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board the layer being formed of fibres, chips, or particles, e.g. MDF, HDF, OSB, chipboard, particle board, hardboard
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/06—Vegetal fibres
- B32B2262/062—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
- B32B2262/067—Wood fibres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2397/00—Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
- C08J2397/02—Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
- C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
- D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
- D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
- D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
- D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
- D21B1/36—Explosive disintegration by sudden pressure reduction
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/78—Recycling of wood or furniture waste
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process of recycling lignocellulosic fibers from a fiberboard, e.g. HDF MDF, or LDF, comprising compressed lignocellulosic fibers and a binding agent.
- a fiberboard e.g. HDF MDF, or LDF
- Fiberboard is an engineered wood product that is made out of lignocellulosic fibers, most typically wood fibers.
- the lignocellulosic fibers in fiberboard are oblong (the ratio length: width typically exceeds 10), which are fairly short, e.g. less than 5 mm.
- wood fibers are pressed, typically with a binder (e.g. a urea-formaldehyde resin).
- Fiberboard is a fairly dense product typically having a density of at least 0.5 kg/dm 3 .
- Another engineered wood product is particleboard.
- Particleboard is less dense and comprise larger, more irregular wood particles.
- Particleboard is a cheap product, typically used when cost is a more decisive factor than strength.
- Particleboard may be mechanically re-recycled as the board is not too dense to allow for simple mechanical disintegration. Further, the wood particles in particleboard are large and thus tolerant to mechanical disintegration. Even if their size is reduced, the wood particles still be sufficiently large to provide the desired mechanical properties to particleboard comprising re-cycled wood particles.
- US 6,648,251 relates to a device for disaggregating pieces of derived timber products from cellulose and/or lignocellulose-containing products, especially particle boards, with a transport device and at least one disaggregation container.
- the disaggregating process comprises soaking the material with preheated water.
- the device By conveyance by the screw feeder within, the device allows for homogenization of the wood pulp.
- the constant friction caused by the conveyance creates desirable and continuous comminution.
- DE4224629 discloses a process for recycling particle boards comprising exposing the particle board to saturated water vapor atmosphere. In the disclosed process, the particle boards are firstly dampened. Further, high pressure (4 to 5 bar over pressure) and temperature (140 to 160°C), is typically used.
- Fiberboards especially medium-density fiberboards (MDF) are used a lot in the furniture industry. They have a smoother and more homogenous interior than particleboard. Further are they stronger. Types of fiberboard in the art include low- density fiberboard (LDF), medium-density fiberboard (MDF), and hardboard (HDF). For pieces of furniture that will be visible, a veneer of wood is often glued onto fiberboard to give it the appearance of conventional wood. Fiberboards are produced from fresh wood. Re-cycling of fiberboards and especially HDF to produce new fiberboards is known to be difficult and costly.
- LDF low- density fiberboard
- MDF medium-density fiberboard
- HDF hardboard
- lignocellulosic fibers are derived from plant dry matter, e.g. wood.
- the fibers are composed of cellulose and hemicellulose tightly bound to lignin, a cross- linked phenolic polymer.
- Fiberboards are boards comprising compressed lignocellulosic fibers bonded together by binding agent.
- the binding agent is typically separately added to the fibers. Examples of binding agents include MUF (melamine urea formaldehyde), MDI (methylene diphenyl isocyanate), and lignin (in addition to lignin comprised by the fibers).
- the binding agent is added to allow for binding the fibers together in pressing the fibers and the binding agent to provide the board.
- the fiberboard to be recycled is a dense board having a density of at least 0.5 kg/dm 3 ’ such as at least 0.6 kg/dm 3 or 0.7 kg/dm 3 .
- the fiberboard to be recycled may have density of 0.8 kg/dm 3 to 1.0 kg/dm 3 .
- the re-cycled lignocellulosic fibers may be used in making a new fiberboard. They may be used on their own or being mixed with virgin fibers. In order to allow for re-cycling, the process has to be gentle, i.e. the fiber length should not be essentially reduced, as the fiber length is important for the structural integrity of the fiberboard.
- the present process for recycling lignocellulosic fibers from a fiberboard comprises the steps of disintegrating the fiberboard to provide fiberboard pieces and steaming the fiberboard pieces to decompress and release the lignocellulosic fibers by hydrating them, as well as hydrolyzing the binding agent.
- the fiberboard In order to facilitate processing of the fiberboard and to increase the surface area, the fiberboard is typically disintegrated into pieces.
- the pieces are typically 15 to 50 mm in diameter.
- the thickness of fiberboard to be recycled typically is less than 50 mm, such as 5 to 40 mm, whereas the width and length typically exceeds 100 mm, the disintegration may provide flakes thinner than 50 mm.
- the pieces are subject to steam at pressure above atmospheric pressure (i.e. the absolute pressure exceeds 1 bar) and at a temperature higher than 100°C (i.e. above the boiling point of water at atmospheric pressure).
- the pieces are steamed at a pressure of 1.1 to 10 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 103°C to 180°C.
- the binding agent is hydrolyzed whereby the lignocellulosic fibers are released from each other.
- the steaming hydrates the lignocellulosic fibers and the cells within the fibers decompress to essentially retake their original shape (in pressing lignocellulosic fibers into fiberboards, the cells of the lignocellulosic fibers are decompressed).
- the steaming softens lignin, thereby further affecting the release of the fibers from each other.
- a step of pre-hydrating the boards have been employed. As an example, soaking in water has been employed.
- the moisture content of the fiberboard pieces to be steamed should not exceed 30% based on the dry weight of the fiberboard pieces.
- the moisture content of the fiberboard pieces to be steamed is typically lower than 30% based on the dry weight of the fiberboard pieces.
- the moisture content of the fiberboard pieces to be steamed may according to an embodiment not exceed 25%, such as not exceeding 20%, 15%, or 10%.
- the present process does not comprise any step of allowing the fiberboard pieces to absorb liquid water, e.g. soaking the fiberboard pieces in water.
- portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers with low the moisture content may be provided.
- the fiberboard pieces are inherently heated. The residual heat will vaporize some of the steam having condensed or having being absorbed by the lignocellulosic fibers thus lowering the moisture content of the portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers.
- the combination of fiberboard pieces being steamed, having a low moisture content, and the fiberboard pieces, having residual heat vaporizing remaining moisture implies that the moisture content in the portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers is low.
- the moisture content in the portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers may be 15 to 30%.
- the portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers are not saturated with water. Hence, they are appreciated as dry. This will significantly lower the need for drying them before using them in fiberboard production. Actually, the need to dry them may even be dispensed with.
- the process typically comprises a drying step in order to facilitate further processing steps, e.g. a size-sorting step.
- the drying step may be provided be before a separation step, separating the released lignocellulosic fibers. Further, the drying step may be provided after such a separation step. Additional processing and transport of the lignocellulosic fibers will be easier as they fibers are less dense and as they do no stick to each other.
- condense water is hard to avoid in the steaming step.
- condense water may be present at the bottom of a steaming vessel used. In steaming the fiberboard pieces, they may thus be present on a distance element (e.g. a net-basket or a permeable conveyor belt) keeping the fiberboard pieces, as well as the resulting portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers, separate from any condense water, but still providing the steam with access to the fiberboard pieces.
- a distance element e.g. a net-basket or a permeable conveyor belt
- the lignocellulosic fibers are released from each other, but they are present as fluffy and resilient, pillow like portions comprising lignocellulosic fibers.
- the lignocellulosic fibers are however still loosely attached to each other.
- the lignocellulosic fibers in portions comprising released lignocellulosic fibers may thus, at least partly, be separated from each other to provide recycled lignocellulosic fibers.
- the separation is thus applied as a gentle mechanical treatment, essentially not causing any abrasion and related shortening of the lignocellulosic fibers.
- lignocellulosic fibers may be size sorted in various ways, e.g. by sifting and/or sieving.
- the size-sorting step may provide various size fractions of recycled lignocellulosic fibers. As an example fractions of: a) less than 0.3 mm; b) 0.3 to less than 1 mm; and c) 1 mm or more, may be provided. In recycling the lignocellulosic fibers it may according to some embodiments be desired to discard the smallest fraction.
- the pressure may be 1.1 to 10 bar absolute pressure. Further, the temperature may be 103°C to 180°C.
- the steam used may be super-heated, i.e. heated above saturation. However, the steam used is typically saturated. The saturation point for steam is known. As example, the temperature of saturated steam at 1.5 bar absolute pressure is 111°C.
- the fiberboard pieces are steamed at a pressure of 1.1 to 7 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 103°C to 165°C.
- the fiberboard pieces may be steamed at a pressure of 1.2 to 6 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 105°C to 159°C. Further, they may be steamed at a pressure of 1.5 to 3 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 111°C to 134°C.
- the fiberboard pieces may be steamed at a pressure of 1.1 to 2 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 103°C to 120°C, such as more than 1.1 bar to less than 2 bars and at a temperature of more than 103°C to less than 120°C (e.g. at a pressure of 1.2 to 1.9 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 105°C to 119°C).
- the fiberboard pieces are steamed at a pressure of 1.2 to 1.7 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 105°C to 115°C, such as at a pressure of about 1.5 bar absolute pressure and at a temperature of 105°C to 112°C.
- the residence time is linked to the temperature in the steaming step.
- a somewhat higher temperature implies that the residence time may be shorter.
- moderate temperatures are preferred in the steaming step. Applying moderate pressure and temperature provides a cost efficient, but still effective process.
- the residence time in the step of steaming the fiberboard pieces is 1 to 60 minutes, such as 2 to 30 minutes or 5 to 20 minutes.
- the fiberboard to be recycled may be LDF (Low Density Fiberboard), MDF
- the fiberboard to be recycled is typically MDF (Medium Density Fiberboard) or HDF (High Density Fiberboard).
- MDF Medium Density Fiberboard
- HDF High Density Fiberboard
- one of the objectives of the present invention is to allow for re-cycling of lignocellulosic fibers from in furniture comprising LDF, MDF and/or HDF.
- the fiberboard is disintegrated. It may be disintegrated by e.g. crushing and/or shredding the fiberboard into fiberboard pieces. Further, also other disintegration methods may be used, e.g. grinding, milling, and refining.
- the fiberboard pieces may be subject to a pre-cleaning step to remove metals (magnetic), aluminum, and/or sand/stones.
- the average length of the recycled lignocellulosic fibers is at least 75%, such as at least 80% or 90% of the average length of the lignocellulosic fibers used to manufacture the fiberboard to be recycled.
- the fiberboard pieces are not being mechanically abraded in steaming them.
- they are according to such an embodiment not processed by means of a plug screw feeder, though they may be steamed in a transport screw. If being steamed in a transport screw, formation of a plug and the associated pressure build up is avoided according to such an embodiment.
- the lignocellulosic fibers are re-cycled to allow for the manufacture of new fiberboards. According to an embodiment, the process further comprises the steps of:
- a fiberboard comprising recycled lignocellulosic fibers.
- the layer is typically heated.
- the resulting fiberboard may be MDF.
- conventional methods for fiberboard production may be used.
- Fig. 1 a process scheme for recycling lignocellulosic fibers from a fiberboard, according to one embodiment, is provided.
- Fig. 2 a process scheme for the manufacture of a new fiberboard from recycled lignocellulosic fibers, according to one embodiment, is provided. Detailed description
- the fiberboard (100) may be a MDF (medium density fiberboard), such as a kitchen front, or it may be a HDF (high density fiberboard), such as a wardrobe backpanel or a component in lightweight sandwich type cabinet walls.
- MDF medium density fiberboard
- HDF high density fiberboard
- MDF or HDF he or she may pass it to the disposal system in place in the region.
- This can be a municipal recycling station. It can also be a furniture retailer picking up the old furniture when delivering new, or a commercial recycling station.
- furniture is usually sorted into the “recycled wood” container.
- the piece of furniture with fiberboard 100 to be recycled is then transported to a wood recycling site.
- the material is sorted into a recycled wood fraction (essentially free from fiberboard 100) and a fiberboard 100 fraction.
- a recycled wood fraction essentially free from fiberboard 100
- fiberboard 100 fraction In order to provide for efficient use of recycled wood, as well as recycled fiberboard 100, in the production of fiberboard it is preferred to separate them from each other, given that the initial processing steps are distinct.
- the fiberboard 100 fraction may comprise intact fiberboards 100, typically having a size of 50x100 cm size.
- manual sorting it is not necessary to crush the fiberboards 100 into large pieces.
- automatic sorting the fiberboards 100 are typically crushed into large pieces (e.g. lOxlOcm) and subsequently sorted by an automatic sorting machine
- the fiberboards 100 to be recycled (e.g. fiberboard pieces either 50x100 cm or 10x10 cm) is subsequently disintegrated 101 into fiberboard pieces 110.
- the fiberboards 100 may be disintegrated 101 into fiberboard pieces 110 by shredding and/or hammer milling. Typically, the resulting fiberboard pieces 110 are approximatively 5x5 cm. Subsequently, the fiberboard pieces 110 may be subject to a pre-cleaning step to take metals (magnetic), aluminium, and sand/stones out.
- the optionally pre-cleaned fiberboard pieces 110 is subject to further steps to recycle lignocellulosic fibers.
- the fiberboard pieces 110 are fed via a bunker to a steaming vessel.
- the fiberboard pieces 110 are positioned on a distance element to keep them separate from condense water and steamed 111 by pressurizing the steaming vessel with steam.
- a steam pressure of 1.5 bar absolute pressure (109°C) may be used. According to one embodiment, the pressure is increased over 8 minutes to reach 1.5 bar absolute pressure and the fiberboard pieces 110 are kept for 10 minutes at 1.5 bar absolute pressure.
- the fiberboard pieces 110 comprise about 90 wt.% lignocellulosic fibers and 10 wt.% of a binding agent 135 (cf. Fig. 2).
- the binding agent 135 is typically a urea-formaldehyde resin.
- the steaming 111 hydrolyzes the binding agent 135 and provides portions 120 comprising released lignocellulosic fibers
- the steaming vessel is de-pressurized and the resulting hot portions 120 comprising released lignocellulosic fibers are removed.
- the hot portions 120 comprising released lignocellulosic fibers are slightly coherent.
- the lignocellulosic fibers in the hot portions 120 comprising released lignocellulosic fibers are however easy to separate 121, e.g. by shredding, crushing, grinding and/or milling the portions 120 comprising released lignocellulosic fibers, into recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130.
- the residual heat of the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 implies that the they dry quickly.
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be tumbled.
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be further dried, such as by subjecting them to a flow of air.
- the flow of air may be heated air, e.g. having a temperature of 30 to 100°C, such as 40 to 80°C.
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be size sorted 137, e.g. by sifting.
- the size sorting provides one or several size fraction(s) of recycled lignocellulosic fibers 138.
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be separated from lumps, plastic, solid wood, and other impurities.
- the size sorted the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be provided as one or several size fraction(s) of recycled lignocellulosic fibers 138.
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be used in production of fiberboard 100.
- recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be mixed 131 with a binding agent 135 (e.g. a urea-formaldehyde resin) and optionally virgin lignocellulosic fibers 136.
- a binding agent 135 e.g. a urea-formaldehyde resin
- virgin lignocellulosic fibers 136 e.g. a urea-formaldehyde resin
- the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may either be separately mixed with the binding agent 135 or the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130 may be mixed with virgin lignocellulosic fibers 136 and binding agent 135.
- the resulting mixture 140 of the recycled lignocellulosic fibers 130, the binding agent 135 e.g.
- a urea-formaldehyde resin and the optional virgin lignocellulosic fibers 136 may be passed through an active fiber dryer in order to be dried to ca 5% water content.
- the mixture 140 is conveyed into buffering bunkers. Therefrom, the mixture 140 is fed to continuous forming stations, forming a homogenous layer 150 of the mixture 140 onto a feeding belt.
- the feeding belt transports the layer 150 into a continuous hotpress, compressing 151 and plastifmg the layer 150, and at the same time activating the binding agent 135. After the hot press, the resulting an endless fiberboard 160 is cut, sanded, and confectioned in order to be delivered to a furniture-making factory.
- fiberboard While recycling of particleboards is a well-established process, leading to a market-based material stream, fiberboard is generally regarded as non-recyclable.
- the objective of the initial example was therefore to evaluate recovery of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboard materials from postconsumer feedstock for new types of fiberboards.
- board materials comprising lignocellulosic fibers, e.g. particleboard, Oriented Strand Boards (OSB), solid wood, were part of the evaluation.
- OSB Oriented Strand Boards
- Example 2 release of lignocellulosic fibers from a fiberboard according to the invention
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Sustainable Development (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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SE1951380A SE544802C2 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2019-12-03 | Recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboards |
PCT/SE2020/051161 WO2021112749A1 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2020-12-02 | Recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboards |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP4069485A1 true EP4069485A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
EP4069485A4 EP4069485A4 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
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EP20896217.5A Pending EP4069485A4 (en) | 2019-12-03 | 2020-12-02 | Recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboards |
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US (1) | US20230002584A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP4069485A4 (en) |
SE (1) | SE544802C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021112749A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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BE1028121B1 (en) | 2020-03-03 | 2021-10-06 | Unilin | PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CHIPBOARD OR WOOD FIBERBOARD |
SE2051303A1 (en) | 2020-11-09 | 2022-05-10 | Ikea Supply Ag | Apparatus for recycling of lignocellulosic fibers from fiberboards |
CA3226768A1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-09 | Geert Coudenys | Process for the production of wood fiberboard |
BE1029722B1 (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-03-28 | Flooring Ind Ltd Sarl | Process for the production of fiberboard |
DE102021004876A1 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Plant and method for the production of material panels |
DE102021004877A1 (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-03-30 | Dieffenbacher GmbH Maschinen- und Anlagenbau | Device and method for the processing of waste wood, in particular for the production of panels |
CN117916068A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2024-04-19 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Method for manufacturing fiber board |
WO2023176286A1 (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-09-21 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Method for producing fiber board and compressed material for production of fiber board |
FR3133547A1 (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2023-09-22 | Cf2P | Process and installation for processing waste from wood fiber panels and panels made from such recyclable fibers |
WO2023188911A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | Method for producing particle board, and compressed material for producing particle board |
SE2250551A1 (en) | 2022-05-06 | 2023-11-07 | Ikea Supply Ag | Apparatus for recycling of lignocellulosic fibres from fibreboards |
US11958942B1 (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2024-04-16 | Southwest Forestry University | Method for recycling urea-formaldehyde (UF) and raw materials from wood-based panel, and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE4244918C2 (en) * | 1992-07-25 | 1997-05-22 | Pfleiderer Fa G A | Recycling wood material impregnated with uric acid or formaldehyde |
US5624616A (en) * | 1995-04-20 | 1997-04-29 | Brooks; S. Hunter W. | Method for co-refining dry urban wood chips and blends of dry urban wood chips and thermoplastic resins for the production of high quality fiberboard products |
GB9625068D0 (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 1997-01-22 | Marlit Ltd | Method for production of lignocellulosic composite materials |
US6648251B1 (en) * | 1999-09-22 | 2003-11-18 | Pfleiderer Ag | Device and method for disaggregating derived timber products |
GB9928554D0 (en) * | 1999-12-02 | 2000-02-02 | Enigma Nv | Production of high added value products from wastes |
JP6723054B2 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2020-07-15 | 永大産業株式会社 | Method of manufacturing wood fiber and wood fiber board |
-
2019
- 2019-12-03 SE SE1951380A patent/SE544802C2/en unknown
-
2020
- 2020-12-02 EP EP20896217.5A patent/EP4069485A4/en active Pending
- 2020-12-02 WO PCT/SE2020/051161 patent/WO2021112749A1/en unknown
- 2020-12-02 US US17/782,062 patent/US20230002584A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
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CN114746236A (en) | 2022-07-12 |
SE544802C2 (en) | 2022-11-22 |
SE1951380A1 (en) | 2021-06-04 |
EP4069485A4 (en) | 2024-03-06 |
WO2021112749A1 (en) | 2021-06-10 |
US20230002584A1 (en) | 2023-01-05 |
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