EP4066073A1 - Systèmes de jumeaux numériques à vibration intelligente et procédés pour environnements industriels - Google Patents

Systèmes de jumeaux numériques à vibration intelligente et procédés pour environnements industriels

Info

Publication number
EP4066073A1
EP4066073A1 EP20894311.8A EP20894311A EP4066073A1 EP 4066073 A1 EP4066073 A1 EP 4066073A1 EP 20894311 A EP20894311 A EP 20894311A EP 4066073 A1 EP4066073 A1 EP 4066073A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
data
industrial
environment
digital
digital twin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20894311.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4066073A4 (fr
Inventor
Charles H. CELLA
Jr. Gerald William DUFFY
Jeffrey P. MCGUCKIN
Teymour S. EL-TAHRY
Andrew Cardno
Jenna PARENTI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Strong Force IoT Portfolio 2016 LLC
Original Assignee
Strong Force IoT Portfolio 2016 LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Strong Force IoT Portfolio 2016 LLC filed Critical Strong Force IoT Portfolio 2016 LLC
Priority claimed from PCT/US2020/062384 external-priority patent/WO2021108680A1/fr
Publication of EP4066073A1 publication Critical patent/EP4066073A1/fr
Publication of EP4066073A4 publication Critical patent/EP4066073A4/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B17/00—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems
    • G05B17/02—Systems involving the use of models or simulators of said systems electric
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/406—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by monitoring or safety
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
    • G05B19/41885—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS] or computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by modeling, simulation of the manufacturing system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/37—Measurements
    • G05B2219/37434—Measuring vibration of machine or workpiece or tool
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to an intelligent digital twin system that creates, manages, and provides digital twins of industrial entities using vibration data and other data.
  • Industrial environments such as environments for large scale manufacturing (such as manufacturing of aircraft, ships, trucks, automobiles, and large industrial machines), energy production environments (such as oil and gas plants, renewable energy environments, and others), energy extraction environments (such as mining, drilling, and the like), construction environments (such as for construction of large buildings), and others, involve highly complex machines, devices and systems and highly complex workflows, in which operators must account for a host of parameters, metrics, and the like in order to optimize design, development, deployment, and operation of different technologies in order to improve overall results.
  • data has been collected in industrial environments by human beings using dedicated data collectors, often recording batches of specific sensor data on media, such as tape or a hard drive, for later analysis.
  • Batches of data have historically been returned to a central office for analysis, such as undertaking signal processing or other analysis on the data collected by various sensors, after which analysis can be used as a basis for diagnosing problems in an environment and/or suggesting ways to improve operations. This work has historically taken place on a time scale of weeks or months, and has been directed to limited data sets.
  • vibration sensors and other Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) sensors there are vast amounts of data available relating to industrial environments. This data is useful in predicting the need for maintenance and for classifying potential issues in the industrial environments. There are, however, many unexplored uses for vibration sensor data and other IIoT sensor data that can improve the operation and uptime of the industrial environments and provide industrial entities with agility in responding to problems before the problems become catastrophic.
  • IIoT Industrial Internet of Things
  • the present disclosure is directed to a platform for facilitating development of intelligence in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) system.
  • the platform can comprise a plurality of distinct data-handling layers.
  • the plurality of distinct data-handling layers can comprise an industrial monitoring systems layer that collects data from or about a plurality of industrial entities in the IIoT system; an industrial entity-oriented data storage systems layer that stores the data collected by the industrial monitoring systems layer; an adaptive intelligent systems layer that facilitates the coordinated development and deployment of intelligent systems in the IIoT system; and an industrial management application platform layer that includes a plurality of applications and that manages the platform in a common application environment.
  • the adaptive intelligent systems layer can include a robotic process automation system that develops and deploys automation capabilities for one or more of the plurality of industrial entities in the IIoT system.
  • the present disclosure includes a method for updating one or more properties of one or more digital twins including receiving a request for one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request from a digital twin datastore; retrieving one or more dynamic models corresponding to one or more properties that are depicted in the one or more digital twins indicated by the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; obtaining data from selected data sources; determining one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating the one or more properties of the one or more digital twins based on the one or more outputs of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of at least one of industrial entities and industrial environments.
  • the one or more dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the selected data sources include an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the selected data sources include a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties that are depicted in digital twins indicated by the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • the present disclosure includes a method including receiving imported data from one or more data sources, the imported data corresponding to an industrial environment; generating an environment digital twin representing the industrial environment based on the imported data; identifying one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment; generating a set of discrete digital twins representing the one or more industrial entities within the environment; embedding the set of discrete digital twins within the environment digital twin; establishing a connection with a sensor system of the industrial environment; receiving real-time sensor data from one or more sensors of the sensor system via the connection; and updating at least one of the environment digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins based on the real-time sensor data.
  • the connection with the sensor system is established via one of a webhook and an application programming interface (API).
  • the environmental digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins are visual digital twins that are configured to be rendered in a visual manner.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a virtual reality headset.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a display device of a user device.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via an augmented reality-enabled device.
  • the present disclosure includes receiving user input relating to one or more steps performed in an industrial process relating to the industrial environment; and generating a process digital twin that defines the steps of the industrial process with respect to the industrial environment and one or more of the set of industrial entities.
  • the present disclosure includes instantiating a graph database having a set of nodes connected by edges, wherein a first node of the set of nodes contains data defining the environment digital twin and one or more entity nodes respectively contain respective data defining a respective discrete digital twin of the set of discrete digital twins.
  • each edge represents a relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • embedding a discrete digital twin includes connecting an entity node corresponding to a respective discrete digital twin to the first node with an edge representing a respective relationship between a respective industrial entity represented by the respective discrete digital twin and the industrial environment.
  • each edge represents a spatial relationship between two respective digital twins, and an operational relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • each edge stores metadata corresponding to the relationship between the two respective digital twins.
  • each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more properties of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node.
  • each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more behaviors of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node.
  • the environment node includes one or more properties of the environment.
  • the environment node includes one or more behaviors of the environment.
  • the present disclosure includes executing a simulation based on the environment digital twin and the one or more discrete digital twins.
  • the simulation simulates one of an operation of a machine in the industrial environment that produces an output based on a set of inputs and movement of workers in the industrial environment.
  • the imported data includes a three-dimensional scan of the environment.
  • the imported data includes a LIDAR scan of industrial the environment.
  • generating the digital twin of the industrial environment includes one of generating a set of surfaces of the industrial environment and configuring a set of dimensions of the industrial environment.
  • generating the set of discrete digital twins includes importing a predefined digital twin of an industrial entity from a manufacturer of the industrial entity, wherein the predefined digital twin includes properties and behaviors of the industrial entity.
  • generating the set of discrete digital twins includes classifying an industrial entity within the imported data of the industrial environment and generating a discrete digital twin corresponding to the classified industrial entity.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for monitoring interaction within an industrial environment.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore including data collected by a set of proximity sensors disposed within an industrial environment, the data including location data indicating respective locations of a plurality of elements within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: maintain, via the digital twin datastore, an industrial-environment digital twin for the industrial environment; receive signals indicating actuation of at least one proximity sensor within the set of proximity sensors by a real-world element from the plurality of elements; collect, in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor, updated location data for the real-world element using the at least one proximity sensor; and update the industrial-environment digital twin within the digital twin datastore to include the updated location data.
  • each of the set of proximity sensors is configured to detect a device associated with the user.
  • the device is a wearable device and an RFID device.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a mobile element.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a respective worker.
  • the plurality of elements includes mobile equipment elements and workers, mobile-equipment-position data is determined using data transmitted by the respective mobile equipment element, and worker-position data is determined using data obtained by the system.
  • the worker-position data is determined using information transmitted from a device associated with a respective worker.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between the respective worker and the proximity sensor.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between a worker and a respective at least one proximity-sensor digital twin corresponding to the at least one proximity sensor.
  • the one or more processors collect updated location data for the plurality of elements using the set of proximity sensors in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for modeling moving elements for an industrial digital twin.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore storing an industrial-environment digital twin corresponding to an industrial element, the industrial-environment digital twin including real-world-element digital twins embedded therein, wherein each real-world-element digital twin corresponds to a respective real- world element that is disposed within the industrial environment, the real-world-element digital twins including mobile-element digital twins that respectively correspond to a respective mobile element within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: for each mobile element: determine whether the mobile element is in motion; and obtain path information from the mobile element, and model, in response to obtaining the path information for each mobile element, traffic within the industrial environment via a digital twin simulation system.
  • the path information is obtained from a navigation module of the mobile element.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the path information by: detecting, using a plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, movement of the mobile element; obtaining a destination for the mobile element; calculating, using the plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, an optimized path for the mobile element; and instructing the mobile element to navigate the optimized path.
  • the optimized path includes path information for other mobile elements within the real-world elements and the optimized path minimizes interactions between mobile elements and humans within the industrial environment.
  • the mobile elements include autonomous vehicles and non-autonomous vehicles and the optimized path reduces interactions of the autonomous vehicles with the non-autonomous vehicles.
  • the traffic modeling includes use of a particle traffic model, a trigger-response mobile-element-following traffic model, a macroscopic traffic model, a microscopic traffic model, a submicroscopic traffic model, a mesoscopic traffic model, or a combination thereof.
  • the present disclosure includes a method for updating one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins including receiving a request from a client application to update one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request, wherein the one or more dynamic models include a dynamic model that predicts when a vibration fault level occurs based on an input dataset; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; obtaining data from selected data sources; determining one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more vibration fault level states of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of at least one of industrial entities and industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an Internet of Things connected device, a machine vision system, an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, and a cross-point switch.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for monitoring navigational route data through an industrial environment having real-world elements disposed therein.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore including an industrial- environment digital twin corresponding to the industrial environment and a worker digital twin corresponding to a respective worker of a set of workers within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: maintain, via the digital twin datastore, the industrial-environment digital twin to include contemporaneous positions for the set of workers within the industrial environment; monitor movement of each worker in the set of workers via a sensor array; determine, in response to detecting movement of the respective worker, navigational route data for the respective worker; and update the industrial-environment digital twin to include indicia of the navigational route data for the respective worker and to indicate movement of the worker digital twin along a route corresponding to the navigational route data.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to, in response to representing movement of the respective worker, determine navigational route data for remaining workers in the set of workers.
  • the navigational route data is automatically transmitted to the system by one or more individual-associated devices.
  • the individual-associated device is one of a mobile device having cellular data capabilities and a wearable device associated with the worker.
  • the navigational route data is determined via environment-associated sensors.
  • the navigational route data is determined using historical routing data stored in the digital twin datastore.
  • the historical route data is obtained from a device associated with the respective worker.
  • the historical route data is obtained a device associated with another worker.
  • the historical route data is associated with a current task of the worker.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial- environment digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to: determine existence of a conflict between the navigational route data and the industrial-environment digital twin; alter, in response to determining accuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the navigational route data for the worker; and update, in response to determining inaccuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the industrial-environment digital twin to thereby resolve the conflict.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin is updated using collected data transmitted from the worker.
  • the collected data includes proximity sensor data, image data, or combinations thereof.
  • the navigational route includes a route for collecting vibration measurements.
  • the present disclosure includes a method for updating one or more properties of one or more digital twins including receiving a request for one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request from a digital twin datastore; retrieving one or more dynamic models corresponding to one or more properties that are depicted in the one or more digital twins indicated by the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; obtaining data from selected data sources; determining one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating the one or more properties of the one or more digital twins based on the one or more outputs of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of at least one of industrial entities and industrial environments.
  • the one or more dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the selected data sources include an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the selected data sources include a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties that are depicted in digital twins indicated by the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • the present disclosure includes a method including receiving imported data from one or more data sources, the imported data corresponding to an industrial environment; generating an environment digital twin representing the industrial environment based on the imported data; identifying one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment; generating a set of discrete digital twins representing the one or more industrial entities within the environment; embedding the set of discrete digital twins within the environment digital twin; establishing a connection with a sensor system of the industrial environment; receiving real-time sensor data from one or more sensors of the sensor system via the connection; and updating at least one of the environment digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins based on the real-time sensor data.
  • the connection with the sensor system is established via one of a webhook and an application programming interface (API).
  • the environmental digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins are visual digital twins that are configured to be rendered in a visual manner.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a virtual reality headset.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a display device of a user device.
  • the present disclosure includes outputting the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via an augmented reality-enabled device.
  • the present disclosure includes receiving user input relating to one or more steps performed in an industrial process relating to the industrial environment; and generating a process digital twin that defines the steps of the industrial process with respect to the industrial environment and one or more of the set of industrial entities.
  • the present disclosure includes instantiating a graph database having a set of nodes connected by edges, wherein a first node of the set of nodes contains data defining the environment digital twin and one or more entity nodes respectively contain respective data defining a respective discrete digital twin of the set of discrete digital twins.
  • each edge represents a relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • embedding a discrete digital twin includes connecting an entity node corresponding to a respective discrete digital twin to the first node with an edge representing a respective relationship between a respective industrial entity represented by the respective discrete digital twin and the industrial environment.
  • each edge represents a spatial relationship between two respective digital twins, and an operational relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • each edge stores metadata corresponding to the relationship between the two respective digital twins.
  • each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more properties of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node.
  • each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more behaviors of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node.
  • the environment node includes one or more properties of the environment.
  • the environment node includes one or more behaviors of the environment.
  • the present disclosure includes executing a simulation based on the environment digital twin and the one or more discrete digital twins.
  • the simulation simulates one of an operation of a machine in the industrial environment that produces an output based on a set of inputs and movement of workers in the industrial environment.
  • the imported data includes a three-dimensional scan of the environment.
  • the imported data includes a LIDAR scan of industrial the environment.
  • generating the digital twin of the industrial environment includes one of generating a set of surfaces of the industrial environment and configuring a set of dimensions of the industrial environment.
  • generating the set of discrete digital twins includes importing a predefined digital twin of an industrial entity from a manufacturer of the industrial entity, wherein the predefined digital twin includes properties and behaviors of the industrial entity. In embodiments, generating the set of discrete digital twins includes classifying an industrial entity within the imported data of the industrial environment and generating a discrete digital twin corresponding to the classified industrial entity.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for monitoring interaction within an industrial environment.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore including data collected by a set of proximity sensors disposed within an industrial environment, the data including location data indicating respective locations of a plurality of elements within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: maintain, via the digital twin datastore, an industrial-environment digital twin for the industrial environment; receive signals indicating actuation of at least one proximity sensor within the set of proximity sensors by a real-world element from the plurality of elements; collect, in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor, updated location data for the real-world element using the at least one proximity sensor; and update the industrial-environment digital twin within the digital twin datastore to include the updated location data.
  • each of the set of proximity sensors is configured to detect a device associated with the user.
  • the device is a wearable device and an RFID device.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a mobile element.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a respective worker.
  • the plurality of elements includes mobile equipment elements and workers, mobile-equipment-position data is determined using data transmitted by the respective mobile equipment element, and worker-position data is determined using data obtained by the system.
  • the worker-position data is determined using information transmitted from a device associated with a respective worker.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between the respective worker and the proximity sensor.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between a worker and a respective at least one proximity-sensor digital twin corresponding to the at least one proximity sensor.
  • the one or more processors collect updated location data for the plurality of elements using the set of proximity sensors in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for modeling moving elements for an industrial digital twin.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore storing an industrial-environment digital twin corresponding to an industrial element, the industrial-environment digital twin including real-world-element digital twins embedded therein, wherein each real-world-element digital twin corresponds to a respective real- world element that is disposed within the industrial environment, the real-world-element digital twins including mobile-element digital twins that respectively correspond to a respective mobile element within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: for each mobile element: determine whether the mobile element is in motion; and obtain path information from the mobile element, and model, in response to obtaining the path information for each mobile element, traffic within the industrial environment via a digital twin simulation system.
  • the path information is obtained from a navigation module of the mobile element.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the path information by: detecting, using a plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, movement of the mobile element; obtaining a destination for the mobile element; calculating, using the plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, an optimized path for the mobile element; and instructing the mobile element to navigate the optimized path.
  • the optimized path includes path information for other mobile elements within the real-world elements and the optimized path minimizes interactions between mobile elements and humans within the industrial environment.
  • theO mobile elements include autonomous vehicles and non-autonomous vehicles and the optimized path reduces interactions of the autonomous vehicles with the non-autonomous vehicles.
  • the traffic modeling includes use of a particle traffic model, a trigger-response mobile-element-following traffic model, a macroscopic traffic model, a microscopic traffic model, a submicroscopic traffic model, a mesoscopic traffic model, or a combination thereof.
  • the present disclosure includes a method for updating one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins including receiving a request from a client application to update one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request, wherein the one or more dynamic models include a dynamic model that predicts when a vibration fault level occurs based on an input dataset; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; obtaining data from selected data sources; determining one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more vibration fault level states of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of at least one of industrial entities and industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an Internet of Things connected device, a machine vision system, an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, and a cross-point switch.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • the present disclosure includes a system for monitoring navigational route data through an industrial environment having real-world elements disposed therein.
  • the system includes a digital twin datastore including an industrial- environment digital twin corresponding to the industrial environment and a worker digital twin corresponding to a respective worker of a set of workers within the industrial environment; and one or more processors configured to: maintain, via the digital twin datastore, the industrial-environment digital twin to include contemporaneous positions for the set of workers within the industrial environment; monitor movement of each worker in the set of workers via a sensor array; determine, in response to detecting movement of the respective worker, navigational route data for the respective worker; and update the industrial-environment digital twin to include indicia of the navigational route data for the respective worker and to indicate movement of the worker digital twin along a route corresponding to the navigational route data.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to, in response to representing movement of the respective worker, determine navigational route data for remaining workers in the set of workers.
  • the navigational route data is automatically transmitted to the system by one or more individual-associated devices.
  • the individual-associated device is one of a mobile device having cellular data capabilities and a wearable device associated with the worker.
  • the navigational route data is determined via environment-associated sensors.
  • the navigational route data is determined using historical routing data stored in the digital twin datastore.
  • the historical route data is obtained from a device associated with the respective worker.
  • the historical route data is obtained a device associated with another worker.
  • the historical route data is associated with a current task of the worker.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial- environment digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to: determine existence of a conflict between the navigational route data and the industrial-environment digital twin; alter, in response to determining accuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the navigational route data for the worker; and update, in response to determining inaccuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the industrial-environment digital twin to thereby resolve the conflict.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin is updated using collected data transmitted from the worker.
  • the collected data includes proximity sensor data, image data, or combinations thereof.
  • the navigational route includes a route for collecting vibration measurements.
  • methods and systems are provided herein for updating properties of digital twins of industrial entities and digital twins of industrial environments, such as, without limitation, based on the impact of collected vibration data on a set of digital twin dynamic models such that the digital twins provide a computer-generated representation of the industrial entity or environment.
  • a method for updating one or more properties of one or more digital twins is disclosed.
  • the method includes receiving a request to update one or more properties of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more properties of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more vibration fault level states of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more vibration fault level states of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the vibration fault level states are selected from the set of normal, suboptimal, critical, and alarm.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more vibration severity unit values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more vibration severity unit values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more vibration severity unit values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • vibration severity units represent displacement
  • vibration severity units represent velocity
  • vibration severity units represent acceleration.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more probability of failure values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more probability of failure values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more probability of failure values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more probability of downtime values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more probability of downtime values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to a probability of downtime values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more probability of shutdown values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more probability of shutdown values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to a probability of downtime of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more cost of downtime values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more cost of downtime values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to cost of downtime values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the cost of downtime value is selected from the set of cost of downtime per hour, cost of downtime per day, cost of downtime per week, cost of downtime per month, cost of downtime per quarter, cost of downtime per year.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more manufacturing key performance indicator (KPI) values of one or more digital twins includes receiving a request from a client application to update one or more manufacturing KPI values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more manufacturing KPI values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • KPI manufacturing key performance indicator
  • the manufacturing KPI is selected from the set of uptime, capacity utilization, on standard operating efficiency, overall operating efficiency, overall equipment effectiveness, machine downtime, unscheduled downtime, machine set up time, inventory turns, inventory accuracy, quality (e.g., percent defective), first pass yield, rework, scrap, failed audits, on-time delivery, customer returns, training hours, employee turnover, reportable health & safety incidents, revenue per employee, and profit per employee, schedule ahainment, total cycle time, throughput, changeover time, yield, planned maintenance percentage, and availability.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports a vibration sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of vibration, temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, displacement, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, financial, cost, stock market, news, social media, revenue, worker, maintenance, productivity, asset performance, worker performance, worker response time, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is selected from the set of an analog vibration sensor, a digital vibration sensor, a fixed digital vibration sensor, a tri-axial vibration sensor, a single axis vibration sensor, an optical vibration sensor, a crosspoint switch, an Internet of Things connected device, and a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method includes: receiving imported data from one or more data sources, the imported data corresponding to an industrial environment; generating an environment digital twin representing the industrial environment based on the imported data; identifying one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment; generating a set of discrete digital twins representing the one or more industrial entities within the environment; embedding the set of discrete digital twins within the environment digital twin; establishing a connection with a sensor system of the industrial environment; receiving real-time sensor data from one or more sensors of the sensor system via the connection; and updating at least one of the environment digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins based on the real-time sensor data.
  • connection with the sensor system is established via an application programming interface (API).
  • API application programming interface
  • the environmental digital twin and the set of discrete digital twins are visual digital twins that are configured to be rendered in a visual manner.
  • the method further includes outputing the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a virtual reality headset.
  • the method further includes outputing the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via a display device of a user device.
  • the method further includes outputing the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins in a display interface with information related to the digital twins overlaid on the visual digital twins and/or displayed within the display interface.
  • the method further includes outputing the visual digital twins to a client application that displays the visual digital twins via an augmented reality-enabled device.
  • the method further includes instantiating a graph database having a set of nodes connected by edges, wherein a first node of the set of nodes contains data defining the environment digital twin and one or more entity nodes respectively contain respective data defining a respective discrete digital twin of the set of discrete digital twins.
  • each edge represents a relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • embedding a discrete digital twin includes connecting an entity node corresponding to a respective discrete digital twin to the first node with an edge representing a respective relationship between a respective industrial entity represented by the respective discrete digital twin and the industrial environment.
  • each edge represents a spatial relationship between two respective digital twins.
  • each edge represents an operational relationship between two respective digital twins. In some embodiments, each edge stores metadata corresponding to the relationship between the two respective digital twins. In some embodiments, each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more properties of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node. In some embodiments, each entity node of the one or more entity nodes includes one or more behaviors of a respective properties of the respective industrial entity represented by the entity node. In some embodiments, the environment node includes one or more properties of the environment. In some embodiments, the environment node includes one or more behaviors of the environment.
  • the method further includes executing a simulation based on the environment digital twin and the one or more discrete digital twins.
  • the simulation simulates an operation of a machine that produces an output based on a set of inputs.
  • the simulation simulates the vibrational patterns of a bearing in a machine of an industrial environment.
  • the one or more industrial entities are selected from a set of machine components, infrastructure components, equipment components, workpiece components, tool components, building components, electrical components, fluid handling components, mechanical components, power components, manufacturing components, energy production components, material extraction components, workers, robots, assembly lines, and autonomous vehicles.
  • the industrial environment is one of a factory, an energy production facility, a material extraction facility, a mining facility, a drilling facility, an industrial agricultural facility, and an industrial storage facility.
  • the imported data includes a three-dimensional scan of the environment.
  • the imported data includes a LIDAR scan of the industrial environment.
  • generating the digital twin of the industrial environment includes generating a set of surfaces of the industrial environment.
  • generating the digital twin of the industrial environment includes configuring a set of dimensions of the industrial environment.
  • generating the set of discrete digital twins includes importing a predefined digital twin of an industrial entity from a manufacturer of the industrial entity, wherein the predefined digital twin includes properties and behaviors of the industrial entity. [0137] In embodiments, generating the set of discrete digital twins includes classifying an industrial entity within the imported data of the industrial environment and generating a discrete digital twin corresponding to the classified industrial entity.
  • a system for monitoring interaction within an industrial environment includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore includes data collected by a set of proximity sensors disposed within an industrial environment.
  • the data includes location data indicating respective locations of a plurality of elements within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to maintain, via the digital twin datastore, an industrial- environment digital twin for the industrial environment, receive signals indicating actuation of at least one proximity sensor within the set of proximity sensors by a real- world element from the plurality of elements, collect, in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor, updated location data for the real-world element using the at least one proximity sensor, and update the industrial-environment digital twin within the digital twin datastore to include the updated location data.
  • each of the set of proximity sensors is configured to detect a device associated with the user.
  • the device is a wearable device.
  • the device is an RFID device.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a mobile element.
  • each element of the plurality of elements is a respective worker.
  • the plurality of elements includes mobile equipment elements and workers, mobile-equipment-position data is determined using data transmitted by the respective mobile equipment element, and worker-position data is determined using data obtained by the system.
  • the worker-position data is determined using information transmitted from a device associated with respective workers.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between the respective worker and the proximity sensor.
  • the actuation of the at least one proximity sensor occurs in response to interaction between a worker and a respective at least one proximity-sensor digital twin corresponding to the at least one proximity sensor.
  • the one or more processors collect updated location data for the plurality of elements using the set of proximity sensors in response to actuation of the at least one proximity sensor.
  • a system for monitoring an industrial environment having real-world elements disposed therein includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore includes a set of states stored therein.
  • the set of states includes states for one or more of the real-world elements.
  • Each state within the set of states is uniquely identifiable by a set of identifying criteria from the set of monitored attributes.
  • the monitored attributes correspond to signals received from a sensor array operatively coupled to the real-world elements.
  • the one or more processors are configured to maintain, via the digital twin datastore, an industrial- environment digital twin for the industrial environment, receive, via the sensor array, signals for one or more attributes within the set of monitored attributes, determine a present state for one or more of the real-world elements in response to determining that the signals for the one or more attributes satisfy a respective set of identifying criteria, and update, in response to determining the present state, the industrial-environment digital twin to include the present state of the one or more of the real-world elements.
  • the present state corresponds to the respective state within the set of states.
  • a cognitive intelligence system stores the identifying criteria within the digital twin datastore.
  • a cognitive intelligence system in response to receiving the identifying criteria, updates triggering conditions for the set of monitored attributes to include an updated triggering condition.
  • the updated triggering condition is reducing time intervals between receiving sensed attributes from the set of monitored attributes.
  • the sensed attributes are the attributes corresponding to the identifying criteria.
  • the sensed attributes are all attributes corresponding to the respective real-world element.
  • a cognitive intelligence system determines whether instructions exist for responding to the state and the cognitive intelligence system, in response to determining no instructions exist, determines instructions for responding to the state using a digital twin simulation system.
  • the digital twin simulation system and the cognitive intelligence system repeatedly iterate simulated values and response actions until an associated cost function is minimized and the one or more processors are further configured to, in response to minimization of the associated cost function, store the response action that minimizes the associated cost function within the digital twin datastore.
  • a cognitive intelligence system is configured to affect the response actions associated with the state.
  • the cognitive intelligence system is configured to halt operation of one or more real-world elements that are identified by the response actions.
  • the cognitive intelligence system is configured to determine resources for the industrial environment identified by the response actions and alter the resources in response thereto.
  • the resources include data transfer bandwidth and altering the resources includes establishing additional connections to thereby increase the data transfer bandwidth.
  • a system for monitoring navigational route data through an industrial environment has real-world elements disposed therein includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial-environment digital twin corresponding to the industrial environment and a worker digital twin corresponding to a respective worker of a set of workers within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to maintain, via the digital twin datastore, the industrial-environment digital twin to include contemporaneous positions for the set of workers within the industrial environment, monitor movement of each worker in the set of workers via a sensor array, determine, in response to detecting movement of the respective worker, navigational route data for the respective worker, update the industrial-environment digital twin to include indicia of the navigational route data for the respective worker, and move the worker digital twin along a route of the navigational route data.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to update, in response to representing movement of the respective worker, determine navigational route data for remaining workers in the set of workers.
  • the navigational route data includes a route for collecting vibration measurements from one or more machines in the industrial environment.
  • the navigational route data automatically transmitted to the system by one or more individual-associated devices.
  • the individual-associated device is a mobile device that has cellular data capabilities.
  • the individual-associated device is a wearable device associated with the worker.
  • the navigational route data is determined via environment- associated sensors.
  • the navigational route data is determined using historical routing data stored in the digital twin datastore.
  • the historical route data was obtained using the respective worker. [0170] In embodiments, the historical route data was obtained using another worker. [0171] In embodiments, the historical route data is associated with a current task of the worker.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial-environment digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to determine existence of a conflict between the navigational route data and the industrial-environment digital twin, alter, in response to determining accuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the navigational route data for the worker, and update, in response to determining inaccuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the industrial-environment digital twin to thereby resolve the conflict.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin is updated using collected data transmitted from the worker.
  • the collected data includes proximity sensor data, image data, or combinations thereof.
  • a system for monitoring navigational route data includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin with real-world- element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin provides a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world-elements include a set of workers.
  • the one or more processors are configured to monitor movement of each worker in the set of workers, determine navigational route data for at least one worker in the set of workers, and represent the movement of the at least one worker by movement of associated digital twins using the navigational route data.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to update, in response to representing movement of the at least one worker, determine navigational route data for remaining workers in the set of workers.
  • the navigational route data includes a route for collecting vibration measurements from one or more machines in the industrial environment.
  • the navigational route data automatically transmitted to the system by one or more individual-associated devices.
  • the individual-associated device is a mobile device that has cellular data capabilities.
  • the individual-associated device is a wearable device associated with the worker.
  • the navigational route data is determined via environment- associated sensors.
  • the navigational route data is determined using historical routing data stored in the digital twin datastore.
  • the historical route data was obtained using the respective worker. [0185] In embodiments, the historical route data was obtained using another worker. [0186] In embodiments, the historical route data is associated with a current task of the worker.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial-environment digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to determine existence of a conflict between the navigational route data and the industrial-environment digital twin, alter, in response to determining accuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via a sensor array, the navigational route data for the worker, and update, in response to determining inaccuracy of the industrial-environment digital twin via the sensor array, the industrial-environment digital twin to thereby resolve the conflict.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin is updated using collected data transmitted from the worker.
  • the collected data includes proximity sensor data, image data, or combinations thereof.
  • a system for representing industrial workpiece objects in a digital twin includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin with real-world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin providing a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world-elements including an industrial workpiece and a worker.
  • the one or more processors are configured to simulate, using a digital twin simulation system, a set of physical interactions to be performed on the industrial workpiece by the worker.
  • the simulation includes obtaining the set of physical interactions, determining an expected duration for performance of each physical interaction within the set of physical interactions based on historical data of the worker, and storing, within the digital twin datastore, industrial-workpiece digital twins corresponding to performance of the set of physical interactions on the industrial workpiece.
  • the historical data is obtained from user-input data.
  • the historical data is obtained from a sensor array within the industrial environment.
  • the historical data is obtained from a wearable device worn by the worker.
  • each datum of the historical data includes indicia of a first time and a second time
  • the first time is a time of performance for the physical interaction.
  • the second time is a time for beginning an expected break time of the worker.
  • the historical data further includes indicia of a duration for the expected break time.
  • the second time is a time for ending an expected break time of the worker.
  • the historical data further includes indicia of a duration for the expected break time.
  • the second time is a time for ending an unexpected break time of the worker.
  • the historical data further includes indicia of a duration for the unexpected break time.
  • each datum of the historical data includes indicia of consecutive interactions of the worker with a plurality of other workpieces prior to performing the set of physical interactions with the workpiece.
  • each datum of the historical data includes indicia of consecutive days the worker was present within the industrial environment.
  • each datum of the historical data includes indicia of an age of the worker.
  • the historical data further includes indicia of a first duration for an expected break time of the worker and a second duration for an unexpected break time of the worker
  • each datum of the historical data includes indicia of a plurality of times, indicia of consecutive interactions of the worker with a plurality of other workpieces prior to performing the set of physical interactions with the workpiece and indicia of consecutive days the worker was present within the industrial environment, and/or indicia of an age of the worker.
  • the plurality of times includes a first time, a second time, a third time, and a fourth time.
  • the first time is a time of performance for the physical interaction
  • the second time is a time for beginning the expected break time
  • the third time is a time for ending the expected break time
  • the fourth time is a time for ending the unexpected break time.
  • the industrial-workpiece digital twins are a first industrial- workpiece digital twin corresponding to the industrial workpiece prior to performance of any physical interaction and a second industrial-workpiece digital twin corresponding to the industrial workpiece after performance of the set of physical interactions.
  • the industrial-workpiece digital twins are a plurality of industrial- workpiece digital twins, each of the plurality of industrial-workpiece digital twins corresponds to the industrial workpiece after performance of a respective one of the set of physical interactions.
  • a system for inducing an experience via a wearable device includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin with real-world- element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin providing a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world-elements including a wearable device worn by a wearer within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to embed a set of control instructions for a wearable device within the digital twins and induce, in response to an interaction between the wearable device and each respective one of the digital twins, an experience for the wearer of the wearable device.
  • the wearable device is configured to output video, audio, haptic feedback, or combinations thereof to induce the experience for the wearer.
  • the experience is a virtual reality experience.
  • the wearable device includes an image capture device and the interaction includes the wearable device capturing an image of the digital twin.
  • the wearable device includes a display device and the experience includes display of information related to the respective digital twin.
  • the information displayed includes financial data associated with the digital twin.
  • the information displayed includes a profit or loss associated with operation of the digital twin.
  • the information displayed includes information related to an occluded element that is at least partially occluded by a foreground element.
  • the information displayed includes an operating parameter for the occluded element.
  • the information displayed further includes a comparison to a design parameter corresponding to the operating parameter displayed.
  • the comparison includes altering display of the operating parameter to change a color, size, or display period for the operating parameter.
  • the information includes a virtual model of the occluded element overlaid on the occluded element and visible with the foreground element.
  • the information includes indicia for removable elements that are is configured to provide access to the occluded element.
  • Each indicium is displayed proximate to the respective removable element.
  • a system for embedding device output in an industrial digital twin includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin having real-world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin providing a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world elements including a simultaneous location and mapping sensor.
  • the one or more processors are configured to obtain location information from the simultaneous location and mapping sensor, determine that the simultaneous location and mapping sensor is disposed within the environment, collect mapping information, pathing information, or a combination thereof from the simultaneous location and mapping sensor, and update the industrial-environment digital twin using the mapping information, the pathing information, or the combination thereof.
  • the collection is in response to determining the simultaneous location and mapping sensor is within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to detect objects within the mapping information and, for each detected object within the mapping information, determine whether the detected object corresponds to an existing real -world- element digital twin, add, in response to determining that the detected object does not correspond to an existing real -world-element digital twin, a detected-object digital twin to the real-world-element digital twins within the digital twin datastore using a digital twin generation system, and update, in response to determining that the detected object corresponds to an existing real-world-element digital twin, the real-world-element digital twin to include new information detected by the simultaneous location and mapping sensor.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor is configured to produce the mapping information using a sub-optimal mapping algorithm.
  • the sub-optimal mapping algorithm produces bounded-region representations for elements within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to obtain objects detected by the sub-optimal mapping algorithm, determine whether the detected object corresponds to an existing real -world-element digital twin, and update, in response to determining the detected object corresponds to the existing real -world-element digital twin, the mapping information to include dimensional information for the real-world- element digital twin.
  • the updated mapping information is provided to the simultaneous location and mapping sensor to thereby optimize navigation through the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to request, in response to determining the detected object does not correspond to an existing real -world- element digital twin, updated data for the detected object from the simultaneous location and mapping sensor that is configured to produce a refined map of the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor provides the updated data using a second algorithm. The second algorithm is configured to increase resolution of the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor in response to receiving the request, captures the updated data for the real-world element corresponding to the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor is within an autonomous vehicle navigating the industrial environment.
  • navigation of the autonomous vehicle includes use of digital twins received from the digital twin datastore.
  • a system for embedding device output in an industrial digital twin includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin having real-world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin providing a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world elements including a light detection and ranging sensor.
  • the one or more processors are configured to obtain output from the light detection and ranging sensor and embed the output of the light detection and ranging sensor into the industrial- environment digital twin to define external features of at least one of the real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to analyze the output to determine a plurality of detected objects within the output of the light detection and ranging sensor. Each of the plurality of detected objects is a closed shape. [0235] In embodiments, the one or more processors are further configured to compare the plurality of detected objects to the real -world-element digital twins within the digital twin datastore and, for each of the plurality of detected objects, update, in response to determining the detected object corresponds to one or more of the real -world-element digital twins, the respective real-world-element digital twin within the digital twin datastore, and add, in response to determining the detected object does not correspond to the real-world-element digital twins, a new real-world-element digital twin to the digital twin datastore.
  • the output from the light detection and ranging sensor is received in a first resolution and the one or more processors are further configured to compare the plurality of detected objects to the real -world-element digital twins within the digital twin datastore and, for each of the plurality of detected objects that does not correspond to a real-world-element digital twin, direct the light detection and ranging sensor to increase scan resolution to a second resolution and perform a scan of the detected object using the second resolution.
  • the scan is at least 5 times the resolution of the first resolution.
  • the scan is at least 10 times the resolution of the first resolution.
  • the output from the light detection and ranging sensor is received in a first resolution and the one or more processors are further configured to compare the plurality of detected objects to the real -world-element digital twins within the digital twin datastore and, for each of the plurality of detected objects, update, in response to determining the detected object corresponds to one or more of the real -world-element digital twins, the respective real-world-element digital twin within the digital twin datastore.
  • the system is further configured to direct the light detection and ranging sensor to increase scan resolution to a second resolution, perform a scan of the detected object using the second resolution, and add anew real -world-element digital twin for the detected object to the digital twin datastore.
  • a system for embedding device output in an industrial digital twin includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial-environment digital twin providing a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • the industrial environment includes real-world elements disposed therein.
  • the real-world elements include a plurality of wearable devices.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin includes a plurality of real- world-element digital twins embedded therein. Each real-world-element digital twin corresponds to a respective at least one of the real-world elements.
  • the one or more processors are configured to, for each of the plurality of wearable devices, obtain output from the wearable device, and update, in response to detecting a triggering condition, the industrial-environment digital twin using the output from the wearable device.
  • the triggering condition is receipt of the output from the wearable device.
  • the triggering condition is a determination that the output from the wearable device is different from a previously stored output from the wearable device.
  • the triggering condition is a determination that received output from another wearable device within the plurality of wearable devices is different from a previously stored output from the other wearable device.
  • the triggering condition includes a mismatch between the output from the wearable device and contemporaneous output from another of the wearable devices.
  • the triggering condition includes a mismatch between the output from the wearable device and a simulated value for the wearable device.
  • the triggering condition includes user interaction with a digital twin corresponding to the wearable device.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to detect objects within mapping information received from a simultaneous location and mapping sensor. For each detected object within the mapping information, the system is further configured to determine whether the detected object corresponds to an existing real -world-element digital twin, and, in response to determining that the detected object does not correspond to an existing real -world-element digital twin, a detected-object digital twin to the real- world-element digital twins within the digital twin datastore using a digital twin generation system, and update, in response to determining that the detected object corresponds to an existing real-world-element digital twin, the real-world-element digital twin to include new information detected by the simultaneous location and mapping sensor.
  • a simultaneous location and mapping sensor is configured to produce mapping information using a sub-optimal mapping algorithm.
  • the sub-optimal mapping algorithm produces bounded-region representations for elements within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to obtain objects detected by the sub-optimal mapping algorithm, determine whether the detected object corresponds to an existing real -world-element digital twin, and update, in response to determining the detected object corresponds to the existing real -world-element digital twin, the mapping information to include dimensional information from the real-world- element digital twin.
  • the updated mapping information is provided to the simultaneous location and mapping sensor to thereby optimize navigation through the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to request, in response to determining the detected object does not correspond to an existing real -world- element digital twin, updated data for the detected object from the simultaneous location and mapping sensor that is configured to produce a refined map of the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor provides the updated data using a second algorithm. The second algorithm is configured to increase resolution of the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor in response to receiving the request, captures the updated data for the real-world element corresponding to the detected object.
  • the simultaneous location and mapping sensor is within an autonomous vehicle navigating the industrial environment.
  • navigation of the autonomous vehicle includes use of real-world- element digital twins received from the digital twin datastore.
  • a system for representing attributes in an industrial digital twin includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin including real- world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin corresponds to an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin provides a digital twin of a respective real-world element that is disposed within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world-element digital twins include mobile-element digital twins.
  • Each mobile-element digital twin provides a digital twin of a respective mobile element within the real-world elements.
  • the one or more processors are configured to, for each mobile element, determine, in response to occurrence of a triggering condition, a position of the mobile element, and update, in response to determining the position of the mobile element, the mobile-element digital twin corresponding to the mobile element to reflect the position of the mobile element.
  • the mobile elements are workers within the industrial environment.
  • the mobile elements are vehicles within the industrial environment.
  • triggering condition is expiration of dynamically determined time interval.
  • the dynamically determined time interval is increased in response to determining a single mobile element within the industrial environment.
  • the dynamically determined time interval is increased in response to determining occurrence of a predetermined period of reduced environmental activity.
  • the dynamically determined time interval is decreased in response to determining abnormal activity within the industrial environment.
  • the dynamically determined time interval is a first time interval, and the dynamically determined time interval is decreased to a second time interval in response to determining movement of the mobile element.
  • the dynamically determined time interval is increased from the second time interval to the first time interval in response to determining nonmovement of the mobile element for at least a third time interval.
  • the triggering condition is expiration of a time interval.
  • the time interval is calculated based on a probability that the mobile element has moved.
  • the triggering condition is proximity of the mobile element to another of the mobile elements.
  • the triggering condition is based on density of movable elements within the industrial environment.
  • the path information obtained from a navigation module of the mobile element.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to obtain the path information including detecting, using a plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, movement of the mobile element, obtaining a destination for the mobile element, calculating, using the plurality of sensors within the industrial environment, an optimized path for the mobile element, and instructing the mobile element to navigate the optimized path.
  • the optimized path includes using path information for other mobile elements within the real-world elements.
  • the optimized path minimizes interactions between mobile elements and humans within the industrial environment.
  • the mobile elements include autonomous vehicles and non- autonomous vehicles, and the optimized path reduces interactions of the autonomous vehicles with the non-autonomous vehicles.
  • the traffic modeling includes use of a particle traffic model, a trigger-response mobile-element-following traffic model, a macroscopic traffic model, a microscopic traffic model, a submicroscopic traffic model, a mesoscopic traffic model, or a combination thereof.
  • a system for representing design specification information includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin including real-world- element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin corresponds to an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin provides a digital twin of a respective real-world element that is disposed within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to, for each of the real-world elements, determine a design specification for the real-world element, associate the design specification with the real-world-element digital twin, and display the design specification to a user in response to the user interacting with the real-world-element digital twin.
  • the user interacting with the real-world-element digital twin includes the user selecting the real-world-element digital twin.
  • the user interacting with the real-world-element digital twin includes the user directing an image capture device toward the real-world-element digital twin.
  • the image capture device is a wearable device.
  • the real-world element digital twin is an industrial-environment digital twin.
  • the design specification is stored in the digital twin datastore in response to input of the user.
  • the design specification is determined using a digital twin simulation system.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to, for each of the real-world elements, detect, using a sensor within the industrial environment, one or more contemporaneous operating parameters, compare the one or more contemporaneous operating parameters to the design specification, and automatically display the design specification, the one or more contemporaneous operating parameters, or a combination thereof in response to a mismatch between the one or more contemporaneous operating parameters and the design specification.
  • the one or more contemporaneous operating parameters correspond to the design specification of the real-world element.
  • display of the design specification includes indicia of contemporaneous operating parameters.
  • display of the design specification includes source indicia for the specification information.
  • the source indicia inform the user that the design specification was determined via use of a digital twin simulation system.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more fluid dynamics-related values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more fluid dynamics-related values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to fluid dynamics-related values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • the fluid dynamics-related values are fluid flow rate values.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more radiation values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more radiation values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to radiation values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • the radiation values are gamma dose rate values.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more quantum mechanical values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more quantum mechanical values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to quantum mechanical values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more location values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more location values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to location values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more metal concentration values of one or more digital twins includes:
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • the metal is selected from the set of copper, chromium, nickel, and zinc.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more organic compound concentration values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more organic compound concentration values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to organic compound concentration values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • the one or more dynamic models are identified using a lookup table.
  • a method for updating one or more biological compound concentration values of one or more digital twins includes: receiving a request from a client application to update one or more biological compound concentration values of one or more digital twins; retrieving the one or more digital twins required to fulfill the request; retrieving one or more dynamic models required to fulfill the request; selecting data sources from a set of available data sources based on the one or more inputs of the one or more dynamic models; retrieving data from selected data sources; calculating one or more outputs using the retrieved data as one or more inputs to the one or more dynamic models; and updating one or more values related to biological compound concentration values of the one or more digital twins based on the output of the one or more dynamic models.
  • the request is received from a client application that corresponds to an industrial environment and/or one or more industrial entities within the industrial environment.
  • the request is received from a client application that supports an Industrial Internet of Things sensor system.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial entities.
  • the digital twins are digital twins of industrial environments.
  • the dynamic models take data selected from the set of temperature, pressure, humidity, wind, rainfall, tide, storm surge, cloud cover, snowfall, visibility, radiation, audio, video, image, water level, quantum, flow rate, signal power, signal frequency, motion, velocity, acceleration, lighting level, analyte concentration, biological compound concentration, metal concentration, and organic compound concentration data.
  • the data source is an Internet of Things connected device.
  • the data source is a machine vision system.
  • retrieving the one or more dynamic models includes identifying the one or more dynamic models based on the one or more properties indicated in the request and a respective type of the one or more digital twins.
  • a system for representing power outages includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin with real-world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin provides a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment.
  • the real-world- elements include a set of electrically powered elements.
  • the one or more processors are configured to monitor supplied power for the set of electrically powered elements, determine whether the supplied power matches identifying criteria for a power-loss state, and represent, for each of the set of electrically powered elements, an effect of the power- loss state on the electrically powered element using the corresponding digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to simulate, via a digital twin simulation system, effects of the power-loss state on each of the real-world elements, and store, via the digital twin datastore, the effect of the power-loss state.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to automatically implement, in response to determining that the supplied power matches identifying criteria for the power-loss state, a mitigating action.
  • the mitigating action includes selecting a first portion of the real- world elements and a second portion of the real-world elements, stopping power consumption for the first portion of the real-world elements, and continuing power consumption for the second portion of the real-world elements.
  • continuing power consumption for the second portion of the real- world elements includes reducing power consumed by each respective real-world element to a suboptimal operating level.
  • the suboptimal operating level is a minimum power level required to operate the respective real-world element.
  • the mitigating action further includes supplying power to the second portion of the real-world elements from stored power, the stored power is present within the industrial environment prior to occurrence of the power-loss state.
  • the stored power is supplied from batteries within the environment.
  • the real-world elements include a third portion of the real-world elements, each real-world element within the third portion of the real-world elements including a respective battery is disposed therein, each respective battery is configured to supply power the respective real-world element in response to occurrence of a power-loss state, and the one or more processors are further configured to power the second portion of the real-world elements using the batteries of the third portion of the real-world elements.
  • the mitigating action is determined by simulating, using a digital twin simulation system, effects of the power-loss state on the industrial environment by simulating effects of the power-loss state on each of the real-world-element digital twins, determining, using a cognitive intelligence system, a plurality of potential actions, evaluating, using the cognitive intelligence system and the digital twin simulation system, effects of each of the plurality of potential actions on the industrial environment, and selecting, using the cognitive intelligence system, the mitigating action from the plurality of potential actions based on minimization of a cost function.
  • the plurality of potential actions includes maintaining power, reducing power, and ceasing power to each real-world element.
  • minimizing the cost function includes maximizing output from the industrial environment to downstream processes.
  • minimizing the cost function includes minimizing maintenance of the real-world elements caused by the power-loss state.
  • minimizing the cost function includes minimizing a time period to achieve steady state operation after cessation of the power-loss state.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to maintain stored power within a backup power system at an under-capacity level, calculate a probability for occurrence of the power-loss state before lapse of a predetermined time period, and increase, in response to the probability for occurrence of the power-loss state exceeding a predetermined threshold, the stored power within the backup power system to full capacity of the backup power system.
  • the predetermined time period is the time period for the backup power system to reach full capacity.
  • calculating the probability for occurrence of the power-loss state includes use of weather forecast data.
  • a system for representing loss of data connectivity includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore stores an industrial-environment digital twin with real-world-element digital twins embedded therein.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin provides a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • Each real-world-element digital twin providing a digital twin for corresponding real-world elements within the industrial environment, the real- world elements including a plurality of sensors in data communication with a connected device that is external to the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to monitor connectivity of the real-world elements with the connected device, determine whether the monitored connectivity matches identifying criteria for a network- connectivity state, and represent an effect of the network-connectivity state on each real- world-element digital twin.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to simulate, via a digital twin simulation system, effects of the network-connectivity state on each of the real-world elements and store, via the digital twin datastore, the effect of the network- connectivity state.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to automatically implement, in response to determining occurrence of the network-connectivity state, a mitigating action.
  • the mitigating action includes determining that the network- connectivity state is a bandwidth-limited state, selecting a first portion of the sensors and a second portion of the sensors, reducing network communication for the first portion of the sensors, and continuing network communication for the second portion of the sensors.
  • reducing network communication for the first portion of the sensors includes increasing a time interval between communications from the first portion of the sensors.
  • reducing network communication for the first portion of the sensors includes decreasing an amount of information sent from the first portion of the sensors.
  • reducing network communication for the first portion of the sensors includes edge processing of data collected by the first portion of the sensors to thereby produce edge-processed data and transmitting the edge-processed data to the connected device.
  • the mitigating action includes selecting a first portion of the real- world elements and a second portion of the real-world elements, establishing direct connections between the first portion of the real-world elements and devices external to the industrial environment, and transmitting data from the second portion of the real-world elements to the connected device via the direct connections.
  • Each real-world element of the first portion of the real-world element includes a wireless-communication module is configured to directly connect to devices external to the industrial environment and transmit data originating from the respective real-world element therethrough.
  • the mitigating action further includes inhibiting transfer of data originating from the respective real-world element via the respective direct connection.
  • the mitigating action is determined by simulating, using a digital twin simulation system, effects of the network-connectivity state on the industrial environment by simulating effects of the network-connectivity state on reporting from and control of each of the real-world-element digital twins, determining, using a cognitive intelligence system, a plurality of potential actions, evaluating, using the cognitive intelligence system and the digital twin simulation system, effects of each of the plurality of potential actions on the industrial environment, and selecting, using the cognitive intelligence system, the mitigating action from the plurality of potential actions based on minimization of a cost function.
  • the plurality of potential actions includes reducing communications and establishing alternate modes of communication with each real-world element.
  • minimizing the cost function includes minimizing impact on processes downstream from the industrial environment.
  • minimizing the cost function includes minimizing a time period to achieve steady state operation after cessation of the network-connectivity state.
  • a system for representing power source characteristics includes a digital twin datastore and one or more processors.
  • the digital twin datastore includes an industrial-environment digital twin providing a digital twin of an industrial environment.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin includes a power-source digital twin representing a power source supplying electrical energy to the industrial environment.
  • the industrial-environment digital twin further includes real- world-element digital twins embedded therein. Each real-world-element digital twin corresponds to respective real-world elements disposed within the industrial environment.
  • the one or more processors are configured to determine, in response to occurrence of a triggering condition, contemporaneous characteristics of the power source, and update, in response to determining the contemporaneous characteristics of the power source, the power-source digital twin to represent the contemporaneous characteristics.
  • the contemporaneous characteristics of the power source include a power factor delivered to the industrial environment.
  • the contemporaneous characteristics of the power source include a power quality.
  • the contemporaneous characteristics of the power source include a utility frequency.
  • the one or more processors are further configured to simulate, via a digital twin simulation system, one or more operating parameters for the real-world elements in response to the industrial environment is supplied with the contemporaneous characteristics using the real-world-element digital twins, calculate, in response to the one or more operating parameters falling outside of respective design parameters, a mitigating action to be taken by one or more of the real-world elements in response to being supplied with the contemporaneous characteristics via the digital twin simulation system, and actuate, in response to detecting the contemporaneous characteristics of the power source, the mitigating action.
  • the simulation and the calculation are performed prior to determining the contemporaneous characteristics.
  • the mitigating action includes actuating one of an inductive circuit or a capacitive circuit operatively coupled between the power source and the real-world elements.
  • the mitigating action includes actuating a second power source to provide power to one or more of the real-world elements.
  • the second power source is disposed within the industrial environment.
  • the second power source is a backup power source that is integral with another of the real-world elements.
  • FIGS 1 through Figure 5 are diagrammatic views that each depicts portions of an overall view of an industrial Internet of Things (IoT) data collection, monitoring and control system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • IoT Internet of Things
  • Figure 6 is a diagrammatic view of a platform including a local data collection system disposed in an industrial environment for collecting data from or about the elements of the environment, such as machines, components, systems, sub-systems, ambient conditions, states, workflows, processes, and other elements in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 7 is a diagrammatic view that depicts elements of an industrial data collection system for collecting analog sensor data in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 8 is a diagrammatic view of a rotating or oscillating machine having a data acquisition module that is configured to collect waveform data in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 9 is a diagrammatic view of an exemplary tri-axial sensor mounted to a motor bearing of an exemplary rotating machine in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 10 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving application of cognitive and machine learning systems to data collection and processing in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 11 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving application of a platform having a cognitive data marketplace in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 12 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving application of a self-organizing swarm of data collectors in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 13 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving application of a haptic user interface in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 14 is a diagrammatic view of a multi -format streaming data collection system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 15 is a diagrammatic view of combining legacy and streaming data collection and storage in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 16 is a diagrammatic view of industrial machine sensing using both legacy and updated streamed sensor data processing in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 17 is a diagrammatic view of an industrial machine sensed data processing system that facilitates portal algorithm use and alignment of legacy and streamed sensor data in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 18 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a streaming data acquisition instrument receiving analog sensor signals from an industrial environment connected to a cloud network facility in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 19 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a streaming data acquisition instrument having an alarms module, expert analysis module, and a driver API to facilitate communication with a cloud network facility in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 20 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a streaming data acquisition instrument and first in, first out memory architecture to provide a real time operating system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 21 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a multiple streaming data acquisition instrument receiving analog sensor signals and digitizing those signals to be obtained by a streaming hub server in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 22 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a master raw data server that processes new streaming data and data already extracted and processed in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 23, Figure 24, and Figure 25 are diagrammatic views of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a processing, analysis, report, and archiving server that processes new streaming data and data already extracted and processed in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 26 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a relation database server and data archives and their connectivity with a cloud network facility in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 27 through Figure 32 are diagrammatic views of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a virtual streaming data acquisition instrument receiving analog sensor signals from an industrial environment connected to a cloud network facility in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 33 through Figure 40 are diagrammatic views of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving data channel methods and systems for data collection of industrial machines in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 41 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 42 and Figure 43 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 44 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 45 and 46 are diagrammatic views that depict an embodiment of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 47 and 48 are diagrammatic views that depict an embodiment of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 49 depicts an embodiment of a data monitoring device incorporating sensors in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 50 and 51 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in communication with external sensors in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 52 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device with additional detail in the signal evaluation circuit in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 53 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device with additional detail in the signal evaluation circuit in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 54 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device with additional detail in the signal evaluation circuit in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 55 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 56 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 57 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 58 and 59 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 60 and 61 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 62 and 63 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 64 and 65 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 66 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 67 and 68 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 69 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 70 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 71 and 72 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 73 and 74 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 75 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 76 and 77 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 78 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 79 and 80 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 81 and 82 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 83 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 84 and 85 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 86 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 87 and 88 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 89 and 90 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 91 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 92 and 93 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 94 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data monitoring device in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 95 and 96 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 97 and 98 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for data collection comprising a plurality of data monitoring devices in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 99 through Figure 101 are diagrammatic views of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving a collector of route templates and the routing of data collectors in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 102 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a monitoring system that employs data collection bands in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 103 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a system that employs vibration and other noise in predicting states and outcomes in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 104 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a system for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 105 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an apparatus for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 106 is a schematic flow diagram of a procedure for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 107 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a system for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 108 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an apparatus for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 109 is a schematic flow diagram of a procedure for data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 110 is a diagrammatic view that depicts industry-specific feedback in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 111 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an exemplary user interface for smart band configuration of a system for data collection in an industrial environment is depicted in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 112 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a graphical approach 11300 for back-calculation in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 113 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a wearable haptic user interface device for providing haptic stimuli to a user that is responsive to data collected in an industrial environment by a system adapted to collect data in the industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 114 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an augmented reality display of heat maps based on data collected in an industrial environment by a system adapted to collect data in the environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 115 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an augmented reality display including real time data overlaying a view of an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 116 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a user interface display and components of a neural net in a graphical user interface in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 117 is a diagrammatic view of components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving swarming data collectors and sensor mesh protocol in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 118 is a diagrammatic view that depicts data collection system according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 119 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a system for self-organized, network-sensitive data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 120 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an apparatus for self-organized, network-sensitive data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 121 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an apparatus for self-organized, network-sensitive data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 122 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an apparatus for self-organized, network-sensitive data collection in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 123 and Figure 124 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of transmission conditions in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 125 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a sensor data transmission protocol in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 126 and Figure 127 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of benchmarking data in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 128 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a system for data collection and storage in an industrial environment in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 129 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of an apparatus for self-organizing storage for data collection for an industrial system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 130 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a storage time definition in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 131 is a diagrammatic view that depicts embodiments of a data resolution description in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 132 and Figure 133 diagrammatic views of an apparatus for self-organizing network coding for data collection for an industrial system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 134 and Figure 135 diagrammatic views of data marketplace interacting with data collection in an industrial system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 136 is a diagrammatic view that depicts a smart heating system as an element in a network for in an industrial Internet of Things ecosystem in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 137 is a diagrammatic view that depicts an architecture, its components and functional relationships for an industrial Internet of Things solution in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 138 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor kit deployed in an industrial setting according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 139 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor kit network having a star network topology according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 140 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor kit network having a mesh network topology according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 141 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor kit network having a hierarchical network topology according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 142 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 143 is a schematic illustrating an example schema of a reporting packet according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 144 is a schematic illustrating an example of an edge device of a sensor kit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 145 is a schematic illustrating an example of a backend system that receives sensor data from sensor kits deployed in industrial settings according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 146 is a flow chart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for encoding sensor data captured by a sensor kit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 147 is a flow chart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for decoding sensor data provided to a backend system by a sensor kit according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 148 is a flow chart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for encoding sensor data captured by a sensor kit using a media codec according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 149 is a flow chart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for decoding sensor data provided to a backend system by a sensor kit using a media codec according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 150 is a flow chart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for determining a transmission strategy and/or a storage strategy for sensor data collected by a sensor kit based on the sensor data, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure
  • Figures 151-155 are schematics illustrating different configurations of sensor kits according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 156 is a flowchart illustrating an example set of operations of a method for monitoring industrial settings using an automatically configured backend system, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 157 is a plan view of a manufacturing facility illustrating an exemplary implementation of a sensor kit including an edge device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 158 is a plan view of a surface portion of an underwater industrial facility illustrating an exemplary implementation of a sensor kit including an edge device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 159 is a plan view of an indoor agricultural facility illustrating an exemplary implementation of a sensor kit including an edge device, according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 160 is a schematic illustrating an example of a sensor kit in communication with a data handling platform according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Figures 161-164 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for using one or more wearable devices for mobile data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 165-167 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for using one or more mobile robots and/or mobile vehicles for mobile data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 168-171 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a system for using one or more handheld devices for mobile data collection in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 172-174 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a computer vision system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figures 175-176 are diagrammatic views that depict embodiments of a deep learning system for training a computer vision system in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • Figure 177 depicts a predictive maintenance eco system network architecture.
  • Figure 178 depicts finding service workers using machine learning for the predictive maintenance eco-system of Figure 177.
  • Figure 179 depicts ordering parts and service in a predictive maintenance eco system.
  • Figure 180 depicts deployment of smart RFID elements in an industrial machine environment.
  • Figure 181 depicts a generalized data structure for machine information in a smart RFID.
  • Figure 182 depicts a block level diagram of the storage structure of a smart RFID.
  • Figure 183 depicts an example of data stored in a smart RFID.
  • Figure 184 depicts a flow diagram of a method for collecting information from a machine.
  • Figure 185 depicts a flow diagram of a method for collecting data from a production environment.
  • Figure 186 depicts an on-line maintenance management system with interfaces for data sources updating information in the on-line maintenance management system data storage.
  • Figure 187 depicts a distributed ledger for predictive maintenance information with role-specific access thereof.
  • Figure 188 depicts a process for capturing images of portions of an industrial machine.
  • Figure 189 depicts a process that uses machine learning on images to recognize a likely internal structure of an industrial machine.
  • Figure 190 depicts a knowledge graph of the predictive maintenance gathering information.
  • Figure 191 depicts an artificial intelligence system generating service recommendations and the like based on predictive maintenance analysis.
  • Figure 192 depicts a predictive maintenance timeline superimposed on a preventive maintenance timeline.
  • Figure 193 depicts a block diagram of potential sources of diagnostic information.
  • Figure 194 depicts a diagram of a process for rating vendors.
  • Figure 195 depicts a diagram of a process for rating procedures
  • Figure 196 depicts a diagram of Blockchain applied to transactions of a predictive maintenance eco-system.
  • Figure 197 depicts a transfer function that facilitates converting vibration data into severity units.
  • Figure 198 depicts a table that facilitates mapping vibration data to severity units.
  • Figure 199 depicts a composite frequency graph for conventional vibration assessment and severity unit-based assessment.
  • Figure 200 depicts a rendering of a portion of an industrial machine for use in an electronic user interface for depicting and discovering severity units and related information about a rotating component of the industrial machine.
  • Figure 201 depicts a data table of rotating component design parameters for use in predicting maintenance events.
  • Figure 202 is a flow chart of predicting maintenance of at least one of a gear, motor and roller bearing based on severity unit and actuator count, such as count of teeth in a gear.
  • Figure 203 is a schematic diagram of an example platform for facilitating development of intelligence in an Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) system according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • IIoT Industrial Internet of Things
  • Figure 204 is a schematic diagram showing additional details, components, sub systems, and other elements of an optional implementation of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • Figure 205 is a schematic diagram showing a robotic process automation (“RPA”) system of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • RPA robotic process automation
  • Figure 206 is a schematic diagram showing an opportunity mining system and an adaptive intelligence layer of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • Figure 207 is a schematic diagram showing optional elements of the adaptive intelligent systems layer that facilitate improved edge intelligence of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • Figure 208 is a schematic diagram showing optional elements of an industrial entity-oriented data storage systems layer of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • Figure 209 is a schematic diagram showing an example Robotic Process Automation system of the example platform of Figure 203;
  • Figure 210 is a schematic diagram of an example system for data processing in an industrial environment that utilizes protocol adaptors according to some aspects of the present disclosure
  • Figure 211 is another schematic diagram illustrating further components and elements of the example system of Figure 210.
  • Figure 212 illustrates an example connect attempt of the example system of Figure 210 according to some aspects of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 213 is a schematic illustrating examples of architecture of a digital twin system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 214 is a schematic illustrating exemplary components of a digital twin management system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 215 is a schematic illustrating examples of a digital twin I/O system that interfaces with an environment, the digital twin system, and/or components thereof to provide bi-directional transfer of data between coupled components according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 216 is a schematic illustrating examples of sets of identified states related to industrial environments that the digital twin system may identify and/or store for access by intelligent systems (e.g., a cognitive intelligence system) or users of the digital twin system according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • intelligent systems e.g., a cognitive intelligence system
  • FIG. 217 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of properties of a digital twin of the present disclosure on behalf of a client application and/or one or more embedded digital twins according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 218 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin of a dryer centrifuge with information relating to the dryer centrifuge according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 219 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of vibration fault level states of machine components such as bearings in the digital twin of an industrial machine, on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 220 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of vibration severity unit values of machine components such as bearings in the digital twin of a machine on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 221 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of a method for updating a set of probability of failure values in the digital twins of machine components on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 222 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of probability of downtime values of machines in the digital twin of a manufacturing facility on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 223 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of probability of shutdown values of manufacturing facilities in the digital twin of an enterprise on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 224 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating a set of cost of downtime values of machines in the digital twin of a manufacturing facility according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 225 is a schematic illustrating example embodiments of methods for updating one or more manufacturing KPI values in a digital twin of a manufacturing facility, on behalf of a client application according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 226 is a view of a display illustrating further example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin of a dryer centrifuge with information relating to its drive components according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 227 is a view of a display illustrating further example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that provides a digital twin showing components of vibration according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 228 is a view of a display illustrating further example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that provides selections of digital twins showing various components experiencing faults according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 229 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin whose view incorporates connected machines each having drive bearings according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 230 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin whose view incorporates connected machines each having drive bearings showing motion outside of nominal according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 231 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin showing drive bearings corrected to nominal motion according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 232 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin whose view incorporates connected machines such as a motor and mill each having drive bearings showing motion outside of nominal according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 233 is a view of a display illustrating example embodiments of a display interface of the present disclosure that renders a digital twin showing drive bearings corrected to nominal motion according to embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 234 is a schematic illustrating an example of a portion of an information technology system for manufacturing artificial intelligence leveraging digital twins according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.
  • Methods and systems described herein for industrial machine sensor data streaming, collection, processing, and storage may be configured to operate with existing data collection, processing, and storage systems while preserving access to existing format/frequency range/resolution compatible data. While the industrial machine sensor data streaming facilities described herein may collect a greater volume of data (e.g., longer duration of data collection) from sensors at a wider range of frequencies and with greater resolution than existing data collection systems, methods and systems may be employed to provide access to data from the stream of data that represents one or more ranges of frequency and/or one or more lines of resolution that are purposely compatible with existing systems.
  • a portion of the streamed data may be identified, extracted, stored, and/or forwarded to existing data processing systems to facilitate operation of existing data processing systems that substantively matches operation of existing data processing systems using existing collection-based data.
  • a newly deployed system for sensing aspects of industrial machines such as aspects of moving parts of industrial machines, may facilitate continued use of existing sensed data processing facilities, algorithms, models, pattern recognizers, user interfaces, and the like.
  • higher resolution streamed data may be configured to represent a specific frequency, frequency range, format, and/or resolution.
  • This configured streamed data can be stored in a data structure that is compatible with existing sensed data structures so that existing processing systems and facilities can access and process the data substantially as if it were the existing data.
  • One approach to adapting streamed data for compatibility with existing sensed data may include aligning the streamed data with existing data so that portions of the streamed data that align with the existing data can be extracted, stored, and made available for processing with existing data processing methods.
  • data processing methods may be configured to process portions of the streamed data that correspond, such as through alignment, to the existing data, with methods that implement functions substantially similar to the methods used to process existing data, such as methods that process data that contain a particular frequency range or a particular resolution and the like.
  • Methods used to process existing data may be associated with certain characteristics of sensed data, such as certain frequency ranges, sources of data, and the like.
  • methods for processing bearing sensing information for a moving part of an industrial machine may be capable of processing data from bearing sensors that fall into a particular frequency range. This method can thusly be at least partially identifiable by these characteristics of the data being processed. Therefore, given a set of conditions, such as moving device being sensed, industrial machine type, frequency of data being sensed, and the like, a data processing system may select an appropriate method. Also, given such a set of conditions, an industrial machine data sensing and processing facility may configure elements, such as data filters, routers, processors, and the like, to handle data meeting the conditions.
  • Figures 1 through 5 depict portions of an overall view of an industrial Internet of Things (IoT) data collection, monitoring and control system 10.
  • Figure 2 depicts a mobile ad hoc network (“MANET”) 20, which may form a secure, temporal network connection 22 (sometimes connected and sometimes isolated), with a cloud 30 or other remote networking system, so that network functions may occur over the MANET 20 within the environment, without the need for external networks, but at other times information can be sent to and from a central location.
  • the MANET 20 may use cognitive radio technologies 40, including those that form up an equivalent to the IP protocol, such as router 42, MAC 44, and physical layer technologies 46.
  • the system depicted in Figures 1 through 5 provides network-sensitive or network-aware transport of data over the network to and from a data collection device or a heavy industrial machine.
  • Figures 3-4 depict intelligent data collection technologies deployed locally, at the edge of an IoT deployment, where heavy industrial machines are located.
  • This includes various sensors 52, IoT devices 54, data storage capabilities (e.g., data pools 60, or distributed ledger 62) (including intelligent, self-organizing storage), sensor fusion (including self-organizing sensor fusion), and the like.
  • Interfaces for data collection including multi-sensory interfaces, tablets, smartphones 58, and the like are shown.
  • Figure 3 also shows data pools 60 that may collect data published by machines or sensors that detect conditions of machines, such as for later consumption by local or remote intelligence.
  • a distributed ledger system 62 may distribute storage across the local storage of various elements of the environment, or more broadly throughout the system.
  • Figure 4 also shows on-device sensor fusion 80, such as for storing on a device data from multiple analog sensors 82, which may be analyzed locally or in the cloud, such as by machine learning 84, including by training a machine based on initial models created by humans that are augmented by providing feedback (such as based on measures of success) when operating the methods and systems disclosed herein.
  • Figure 1 depicts a server based portion of an industrial IoT system that may be deployed in the cloud or on an enterprise owner’s or operator’s premises.
  • the server portion includes network coding (including self-organizing network coding and/or automated configuration) that may configure a network coding model based on feedback measures, network conditions, or the like, for highly efficient transport of large amounts of data across the network to and from data collection systems and the cloud.
  • Network coding may provide a wide range of capabilities for intelligence, analytics, remote control, remote operation, remote optimization, various storage configurations and the like, as depicted in Figure 1.
  • the various storage configurations may include distributed ledger storage for supporting transactional data or other elements of the system.
  • Figure 5 depicts a programmatic data marketplace 70, which may be a self organizing marketplace, such as for making available data that is collected in industrial environments, such as from data collectors, data pools, distributed ledgers, and other elements disclosed herein. Additional detail on the various components and sub components of Figures 1 through 5 is provided throughout this disclosure.
  • an embodiment of platform 100 may include a local data collection system 102, which may be disposed in an environment 104, such as an industrial environment similar to that shown in Figure 3, for collecting data from or about the elements of the environment, such as machines, components, systems, sub-systems, ambient conditions, states, workflows, processes, and other elements.
  • the platform 100 may connect to or include portions of the industrial IoT data collection, monitoring and control system 10 depicted in Figures 1-5.
  • the platform 100 may include a network data transport system 108, such as for transporting data to and from the local data collection system 102 over a network 110, such as to a host processing system 112, such as one that is disposed in a cloud computing environment or on the premises of an enterprise, or that consists of distributed components that interact with each other to process data collected by the local data collection system 102.
  • the host processing system 112, referred to for convenience in some cases as the host system 112 may include various systems, components, methods, processes, facilities, and the like for enabling automated, or automation-assisted processing of the data, such as for monitoring one or more environments 104 or networks 110 or for remotely controlling one or more elements in a local environment 104 or in a network 110.
  • the platform 100 may include one or more local autonomous systems, such as for enabling autonomous behavior, such as reflecting artificial, or machine-based intelligence or such as enabling automated action based on the applications of a set of rules or models upon input data from the local data collection system 102 or from one or more input sources 116, which may comprise information feeds and inputs from a wide array of sources, including those in the local environment 104, in a network 110, in the host system 112, or in one or more external systems, databases, or the like.
  • the platform 100 may include one or more intelligent systems 118, which may be disposed in, integrated with, or acting as inputs to one or more components of the platform 100. Details of these and other components of the platform 100 are provided throughout this disclosure.
  • Intelligent systems 118 may include cognitive systems 120, such as enabling a degree of cognitive behavior as a result of the coordination of processing elements, such as mesh, peer-to-peer, ring, serial, and other architectures, where one or more node elements is coordinated with other node elements to provide collective, coordinated behavior to assist in processing, communication, data collection, or the like.
  • the MANET 20 depicted in Figure 2 may also use cognitive radio technologies, including those that form up an equivalent to the IP protocol, such as router 42, MAC 44, and physical layer technologies 46.
  • the cognitive system technology stack can include examples disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 8,060,017 to Schlicht et al., issued 15 November 2011 and hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
  • Intelligent systems may include machine learning systems 122, such as for learning on one or more data sets.
  • the one or more data sets may include information collected using local data collection systems 102 or other information from input sources 116, such as to recognize states, objects, events, patterns, conditions, or the like that may, in turn, be used for processing by the host system 112 as inputs to components of the platform 100 and portions of the industrial IoT data collection, monitoring and control system 10, or the like.
  • Learning may be human-supervised or fully-automated, such as using one or more input sources 116 to provide a data set, along with information about the item to be learned.
  • Machine learning may use one or more models, rules, semantic understandings, workflows, or other structured or semi-structured understanding of the world, such as for automated optimization of control of a system or process based on feedback or feed forward to an operating model for the system or process.
  • One such machine learning technique for semantic and contextual understandings, workflows, or other structured or semi-structured understandings is disclosed in U.S. Patent Number 8,200,775 to Moore, issued 12 June 2012, and hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
  • Machine learning may be used to improve the foregoing, such as by adjusting one or more weights, structures, rules, or the like (such as changing a function within a model) based on feedback (such as regarding the success of a model in a given situation) or based on iteration (such as in a recursive process).
  • machine learning may also be undertaken in the absence of an underlying model; that is, input sources may be weighted, structured, or the like within a machine learning facility without regard to any a priori understanding of structure, and outcomes (such as those based on measures of success at accomplishing various desired objectives) can be serially fed to the machine learning system to allow it to leam how to achieve the targeted objectives.
  • the system may learn to recognize faults, to recognize patterns, to develop models or functions, to develop rules, to optimize performance, to minimize failure rates, to optimize profits, to optimize resource utilization, to optimize flow (such as flow of traffic), or to optimize many other parameters that may be relevant to successful outcomes (such as outcomes in a wide range of environments).
  • Machine learning may use genetic programming techniques, such as promoting or demoting one or more input sources, structures, data types, objects, weights, nodes, links, or other factors based on feedback (such that successful elements emerge over a series of generations).
  • alternative available sensor inputs for a data collection system 102 may be arranged in alternative configurations and permutations, such that the system may, using generic programming techniques over a series of data collection events, determine what permutations provide successful outcomes based on various conditions (such as conditions of components of the platform 100, conditions of the network 110, conditions of a data collection system 102, conditions of an environment 104), or the like.
  • local machine learning may turn on or off one or more sensors in a multi-sensor data collector 102 in permutations over time, while tracking success outcomes such as contributing to success in predicting a failure, contributing to a performance indicator (such as efficiency, effectiveness, return on investment, yield, or the like), contributing to optimization of one or more parameters, identification of a pattern (such as relating to a threat, a failure mode, a success mode, or the like) or the like.
  • a system may leam what sets of sensors should be turned on or off under given conditions to achieve the highest value utilization of a data collector 102.
  • similar techniques may be used to handle optimization of transport of data in the platform 100 (such as in the network 110) by using generic programming or other machine learning techniques to learn to configure network elements (such as configuring network transport paths, configuring network coding types and architectures, configuring network security elements), and the like.
  • the local data collection system 102 may include a high- performance, multi-sensor data collector having a number of novel features for collection and processing of analog and other sensor data.
  • a local data collection system 102 may be deployed to the industrial facilities depicted in Figure 3.
  • a local data collection system 102 may also be deployed monitor other machines such as the machine 2200.
  • the data collection system 102 may have on-board intelligent systems 118 (such as for learning to optimize the configuration and operation of the data collector, such as configuring permutations and combinations of sensors based on contexts and conditions).
  • the data collection system 102 includes a crosspoint switch 130 or other analog switch.
  • Automated, intelligent configuration of the local data collection system 102 may be based on a variety of types of information, such as information from various input sources, including those based on available power, power requirements of sensors, the value of the data collected (such as based on feedback information from other elements of the platform 100), the relative value of information (such as values based on the availability of other sources of the same or similar information), power availability (such as for powering sensors), network conditions, ambient conditions, operating states, operating contexts, operating events, and many others.
  • information from various input sources including those based on available power, power requirements of sensors, the value of the data collected (such as based on feedback information from other elements of the platform 100), the relative value of information (such as values based on the availability of other sources of the same or similar information), power availability (such as for powering sensors), network conditions, ambient conditions, operating states, operating contexts, operating events, and many others.
  • FIG. 7 shows elements and sub-components of a data collection and analysis system 1100 for sensor data (such as analog sensor data) collected in industrial environments.
  • embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include hardware that has several different modules starting with the multiplexer (“MUX”) main board 1104.
  • MUX multiplexer
  • the MUX 114 main board is where the sensors connect to the system. These connections are on top to enable ease of installation.
  • Mux option board 1108 which attaches to the MUX main board 1104 via two headers one at either end of the board.
  • the Mux option board has the male headers, which mesh together with the female header on the main Mux board. This enables them to be stacked on top of each other taking up less real estate.
  • the main Mux board and/or the MUX option board then connects to the mother (e.g., with 4 simultaneous channels) and daughter (e.g., with 4 additional channels for 8 total channels) analog boards 1110 via cables where some of the signal conditioning (such as hardware integration) occurs.
  • the signals then move from the analog boards 1110 to an anti-aliasing board (not shown) where some of the potential aliasing is removed. The rest of the aliasing removal is done on the delta sigma board 1112.
  • the delta sigma board 1112 provides more aliasing protection along with other conditioning and digitizing of the signal.
  • the data moves to the JennieTM board 1114 for more digitizing as well as communication to a computer via USB or Ethernet.
  • the JennieTM board 1114 may be replaced with a pic board 1118 for more advanced and efficient data collection as well as communication.
  • the computer software 1102 can manipulate the data to show trending, spectra, waveform, statistics, and analytics.
  • the system is meant to take in all types of data from volts to 4-20 mA signals.
  • open formats of data storage and communication may be used.
  • certain portions of the system may be proprietary especially some of research and data associated with the analytics and reporting.
  • smart band analysis is a way to break data down into easily analyzed parts that can be combined with other smart bands to make new more simplified yet sophisticated analytics.
  • this unique information is taken and graphics are used to depict the conditions because picture depictions are more helpful to the user.
  • complicated programs and user interfaces are simplified so that any user can manipulate the data like an expert.
  • the system in essence, works in a big loop.
  • the system starts in software with a general user interface (“GUI”) 1124.
  • GUI general user interface
  • rapid route creation may take advantage of hierarchical templates.
  • a GUI is created so any general user can populate the information itself with simple templates. Once the templates are created the user can copy and paste whatever the user needs. In addition, users can develop their own templates for future ease of use and to institutionalize the knowledge.
  • the user can then start the system acquiring data.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs.
  • vibration data collectors are not designed to handle large input voltages due to the expense and the fact that, more often than not, it is not needed.
  • a method is using the already established OptoMOSTM technology which permits the switching up front of high voltage signals rather than using more conventional reed-relay approaches.
  • Many historic concerns regarding non-linear zero crossing or other non-linear solid-state behaviors have been eliminated with regard to the passing through of weakly buffered analog signals.
  • printed circuit board routing topologies place all of the individual channel input circuitry as close to the input connector as possible.
  • a unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs may be placed upfront on the Mux and DAQ hardware in order to dissipate the built up electric charge as the signal passed from the sensor to the hardware.
  • the Mux and analog board may support high-amperage input using a design topology comprising wider traces and solid state relays for upfront circuitry.
  • multiplexers are afterthoughts and the quality of the signal coming from the multiplexer is not considered.
  • the quality of the signal can drop as much as 30 dB or more.
  • substantial signal quality may be lost using a 24-bit DAQ that has a signal to noise ratio of 110 dB and if the signal to noise ratio drops to 80 dB in the Mux, it may not be much better than a 16-bit system from 20 years ago.
  • an important part at the front of the Mux is upfront signal conditioning on Mux for improved signal-to-noise ratio.
  • Embodiments may perform signal conditioning (such as range/gain control, integration, filtering, etc.) on vibration as well as other signal inputs up front before Mux switching to achieve the highest signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the multiplexer may provide a continuous monitor alarming feature. Truly continuous systems monitor every sensor all the time but tend to be expensive. Typical multiplexer systems only monitor a set number of channels at one time and switch from bank to bank of a larger set of sensors. As a result, the sensors not being currently collected are not being monitored; if a level increases the user may never know.
  • a multiplexer may have a continuous monitor alarming feature by placing circuitry on the multiplexer that can measure input channel levels against known alarm conditions even when the data acquisition (“DAQ”) is not monitoring the input.
  • continuous monitoring Mux bypass offers a mechanism whereby channels not being currently sampled by the Mux system may be continuously monitored for significant alarm conditions via a number of trigger conditions using filtered peak-hold circuits or functionally similar that are in turn passed on to the monitoring system in an expedient manner using hardware interrupts or other means. This, in essence, makes the system continuously monitoring, although without the ability to instantly capture data on the problem like a true continuous system.
  • coupling this capability to alarm with adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring and the continuous monitoring system may allow the system to quickly collect dynamic spectral data on the alarming sensor very soon after the alarm sounds.
  • CPLD complex programmable logic device
  • Mux and data acquisition sections enables a CPLD to control multiple mux and DAQs so that there is no limit to the number of channels a system can handle.
  • Interfacing to multiple types of predictive maintenance and vibration transducers requires a great deal of switching. This includes AC/DC coupling, 4-20 interfacing, integrated electronic piezoelectric transducer, channel power-down (for conserving op-amp power), single-ended or differential grounding options, and so on. Also required is the control of digital pots for range and gain control, switches for hardware integration, AA filtering and triggering.
  • a single giant CPLD requires long circuit routes with a great deal of density at the single giant CPLD.
  • distributed CPLDs not only address these concerns but offer a great deal of flexibility.
  • a bus is created where each CPLD that has a fixed assignment has its own unique device address.
  • multiplexers and DAQs can stack together offering additional input and output channels to the system. For multiple boards (e.g., for multiple Mux boards), jumpers are provided for setting multiple addresses. In another example, three bits permit up to 8 boards that are jumper configurable.
  • a bus protocol is defined such that each CPLD on the bus can either be addressed individually or as a group.
  • Typical multiplexers may be limited to collecting only sensors in the same bank. For detailed analysis, this may be limiting as there is tremendous value in being able to simultaneously review data from sensors on the same machine.
  • Current systems using conventional fixed bank multiplexers can only compare a limited number of channels (based on the number of channels per bank) that were assigned to a particular group at the time of installation. The only way to provide some flexibility is to either overlap channels or incorporate lots of redundancy in the system both of which can add considerable expense (in some cases an exponential increase in cost versus flexibility).
  • the simplest Mux design selects one of many inputs and routes it into a single output line.
  • a banked design would consist of a group of these simple building blocks, each handling a fixed group of inputs and routing to its respective output.
  • a cross point Mux allows the user to assign any input to any output.
  • crosspoint multiplexers were used for specialized purposes such as RGB digital video applications and were as a practical matter too noisy for analog applications such as vibration analysis; however more recent advances in the technology now make it feasible.
  • Another advantage of the crosspoint Mux is the ability to disable outputs by putting them into a high impedance state. This is ideal for an output bus so that multiple Mux cards may be stacked, and their output buses joined together without the need for bus switches.
  • this may be addressed by use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting variable groups of vibration input channels and providing a matrix circuit so the system may access any set of eight channels from the total number of input sensors.
  • the ability to control multiple multiplexers with use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple Mux and data acquisition sections is enhanced with a hierarchical multiplexer which allows for multiple DAQ to collect data from multiple multiplexers.
  • a hierarchical Mux may allow modularly output of more channels, such as 16, 24 or more to multiple of eight channel card sets. In embodiments, this allows for faster data collection as well as more channels of simultaneous data collection for more complex analysis.
  • the Mux may be configured slightly to make it portable and use data acquisition parking features, which turns SV3X DAQ into a protected system embodiment.
  • power saving techniques may be used such as: power-down of analog channels when not in use; powering down of component boards; power-down of analog signal processing op-amps for non-selected channels ; powering down channels on the mother and the daughter analog boards.
  • the ability to power down component boards and other hardware by the low-level firmware for the DAQ system makes high-level application control with respect to power-saving capabilities relatively easy. Explicit control of the hardware is always possible but not required by default. In embodiments, this power saving benefit may be of value to a protected system, especially if it is battery operated or solar powered.
  • a peak-detector for auto-scaling routed into a separate A/D will provide the system the highest peak in each set of data so it can rapidly scale the data to that peak.
  • the built-in A/D convertors in many microprocessors may be inadequate with regards to number of bits, number of channels or sampling frequency versus not slowing the microprocessor down significantly. Despite these limitations, it is useful to use them for purposes of auto-scaling.
  • a separate A/D may be used that has reduced functionality and is cheaper.
  • the signal For each channel of input, after the signal is buffered (usually with the appropriate coupling: AC or DC) but before it is signal conditioned, the signal is fed directly into the microprocessor or low-cost A/D. Unlike the conditioned signal for which range, gain and filter switches are thrown, no switches are varied. This permits the simultaneous sampling of the auto-scaling data while the input data is signal conditioned, fed into a more robust external A/D, and directed into on-board memory using direct memory access (DMA) methods where memory is accessed without requiring a CPU. This significantly simplifies the auto-scaling process by not having to throw switches and then allow for settling time, which greatly slows down the auto-scaling process.
  • DMA direct memory access
  • the data may be collected simultaneously, which assures the best signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the reduced number of bits and other features is usually more than adequate for auto-scaling purposes.
  • improved integration using both analog and digital methods create an innovative hybrid integration which also improves or maintains the highest possible signal to noise ratio.
  • a section of the analog board may allow routing of a trigger channel, either raw or buffered, into other analog channels. This may allow a user to route the trigger to any of the channels for analysis and trouble shooting.
  • Systems may have trigger channels for the purposes of determining relative phase between various input data sets or for acquiring significant data without the needless repetition of unwanted input.
  • digitally controlled relays may be used to switch either the raw or buffered trigger signal into one of the input channels. It may be desirable to examine the quality of the triggering pulse because it may be corrupted for a variety of reasons including inadequate placement of the trigger sensor, wiring issues, faulty setup issues such as a dirty piece of reflective tape if using an optical sensor, and so on.
  • the ability to look at either the raw or buffered signal may offer an excellent diagnostic or debugging vehicle. It also can offer some improved phase analysis capability by making use of the recorded data signal for various signal processing techniques such as variable speed filtering algorithms.
  • the signals move into the delta-sigma board where precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference offers more accurate direct current sensor data.
  • the delta sigma’s high speeds also provide for using higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize antialiasing filter requirements. Lower oversampling rates can be used for higher sampling rates.
  • a 3 rd order AA filter set for the lowest sampling requirement for 256 Hz (Fmax of 100 Hz) is then adequate for Fmax ranges of 200 and 500 Hz.
  • Another higher-cutoff AA filter can then be used for Fmax ranges from 1 kHz and higher (with a secondary filter kicking in at 2.56x the highest sampling rate of 128 kHz).
  • a CPLD may be used as a clock-divider for a delta-sigma A/D to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling.
  • a high-frequency crystal reference can be divided down to lower frequencies by employing a CPLD as a programmable clock divider.
  • the data then moves from the delta-sigma board to the JennieTM board where phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers may be digitally derived.
  • the JennieTM board also has the ability to store calibration data and system maintenance repair history data in an on-board card set.
  • the JennieTM board will enable acquiring long blocks of data at high- sampling rate as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates so it can stream data and acquire long blocks of data for advanced analysis in the future.
  • the computer software will be used to add intelligence to the system starting with an expert system GUI.
  • the GUI will offer a graphical expert system with simplified user interface for defining smart bands and diagnoses which facilitate anyone to develop complex analytics.
  • this user interface may revolve around smart bands, which are a simplified approach to complex yet flexible analytics for the general user.
  • the smart bands may pair with a self-learning neural network for an even more advanced analytical approach.
  • this system may use the machine’s hierarchy for additional analytical insight.
  • One critical part of predictive maintenance is the ability to leam from known information during repairs or inspections.
  • graphical approaches for back calculations may improve the smart bands and correlations based on a known fault or problem.
  • a smart route which adapts which sensors it collects simultaneously in order to gain additional correlative intelligence.
  • smart operational data store (“ODS”) allows the system to elect to gather data to perform operational deflection shape analysis in order to further examine the machinery condition.
  • adaptive scheduling techniques allow the system to change the scheduled data collected for full spectral analysis across a number (e.g., eight), of correlative channels.
  • the system may provide data to enable extended statistics capabilities for continuous monitoring as well as ambient local vibration for analysis that combines ambient temperature and local temperature and vibration levels changes for identifying machinery issues.
  • a data acquisition device may be controlled by a personal computer (PC) to implement the desired data acquisition commands.
  • the DAQ box may be self-sufficient and can acquire, process, analyze and monitor independent of external PC control.
  • Embodiments may include secure digital (SD) card storage.
  • SD secure digital
  • significant additional storage capability may be provided by utilizing an SD card. This may prove critical for monitoring applications where critical data may be stored permanently. Also, if a power failure should occur, the most recent data may be stored despite the fact that it was not off-loaded to another system.
  • a DAQ system may comprise one or more microprocessor/microcontrollers, specialized microcontrollers/microprocessors, or dedicated processors focused primarily on the communication aspects with the outside world. These include USB, Ethernet and wireless with the ability to provide an IP address or addresses in order to host a webpage. All communications with the outside world are then accomplished using a simple text based menu. The usual array of commands (in practice more than a hundred) such as InitializeCard, AcquireData, StopAcquisition, RetrieveCalibration Info, and so on, would be provided.
  • intense signal processing activities including resampling, weighting, filtering, and spectrum processing may be performed by dedicated processors such as field-programmable gate array (“FPGAs”), digital signal processor (“DSP”), microprocessors, micro-controllers, or a combination thereof.
  • this subsystem may communicate via a specialized hardware bus with the communication processing section. It will be facilitated with dual-port memory, semaphore logic, and so on. This embodiment will not only provide a marked improvement in efficiency but can significantly improve the processing capability, including the streaming of the data as well other high-end analytical techniques. This negates the need for constantly interrupting the main processes which include the control of the signal conditioning circuits, triggering, raw data acquisition using the A/D, directing the A/D output to the appropriate on-board memory and processing that data.
  • Embodiments may include sensor overload identification.
  • a monitoring system may identify when their system is overloading, but in embodiments, the system may look at the voltage of the sensor to determine if the overload is from the sensor, enabling the user to get another sensor better suited to the situation, or gather the data again.
  • Embodiments may include radio frequency identification (“RFID”) and an inclinometer or accelerometer on a sensor so the sensor can indicate what machine/bearing it is attached to and what direction such that the software can automatically store the data without the user input.
  • RFID radio frequency identification
  • users could put the system on any machine or machines and the system would automatically set itself up and be ready for data collection in seconds.
  • Embodiments may include ultrasonic online monitoring by placing ultrasonic sensors inside transformers, motor control centers, breakers and the like and monitoring, via a sound spectrum, continuously looking for patterns that identify arcing, corona and other electrical issues indicating a break down or issue.
  • Embodiments may include providing continuous ultrasonic monitoring of rotating elements and bearings of an energy production facility.
  • an analysis engine may be used in ultrasonic online monitoring as well as identifying other faults by combining the ultrasonic data with other parameters such as vibration, temperature, pressure, heat flux, magnetic fields, electrical fields, currents, voltage, capacitance, inductance, and combinations (e.g., simple ratios) of the same, among many others.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting variable groups of vibration input channels. For vibration analysis, it is useful to obtain multiple channels simultaneously from vibration transducers mounted on different parts of a machine (or machines) in multiple directions. By obtaining the readings at the same time, for example, the relative phases of the inputs may be compared for the purpose of diagnosing various mechanical faults. Other types of cross channel analyses such as cross-correlation, transfer functions, Operating Deflection Shape (“ODS”) may also be performed.
  • ODS Operating Deflection Shape
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference.
  • Some A/D chips provide their own internal zero voltage reference to be used as a mid-scale value for external signal conditioning circuitry to ensure that both the A/D and external op-amps use the same reference. Although this sounds reasonable in principle, there are practical complications. In many cases these references are inherently based on a supply voltage using a resistor-divider. For many current systems, especially those whose power is derived from a PC via USB or similar bus, this provides for an unreliable reference, as the supply voltage will often vary quite significantly with load. This is especially true for delta-sigma A/D chips which necessitate increased signal processing.
  • the offsets may drift together with load, a problem arises if one wants to calibrate the readings digitally. It is typical to modify the voltage offset expressed as counts coming from the A/D digitally to compensate for the DC drift. However, for this case, if the proper calibration offset is determined for one set of loading conditions, they will not apply for other conditions. An absolute DC offset expressed in counts will no longer be applicable. As a result, it becomes necessary to calibrate for all loading conditions which becomes complex, unreliable, and ultimately unmanageable. In embodiments, an external voltage reference is used which is simply independent of the supply voltage to use as the zero offset.
  • the system provides a phase-lock-loop band pass tracking filter method for obtaining slow-speed RPMs and phase for balancing purposes to remotely balance slow speed machinery, such as in paper mills, as well as offering additional analysis from its data. For balancing purposes, it is sometimes necessary to balance at very slow speeds.
  • a typical tracking filter may be constructed based on a phase-lock loop or PLL design; however, stability and speed range are overriding concerns.
  • a number of digitally controlled switches are used for selecting the appropriate RC and damping constants. The switching can be done all automatically after measuring the frequency of the incoming tach signal.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers.
  • digital phase derivation uses digital timers to ascertain an exact delay from a trigger event to the precise start of data acquisition. This delay, or offset, then, is further refined using interpolation methods to obtain an even more precise offset which is then applied to the analytically determined phase of the acquired data such that the phase is “in essence” an absolute phase with precise mechanical meaning useful for among other things, one-shot balancing, alignment analysis, and so on.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include signal processing firmware/hardware.
  • long blocks of data may be acquired at high-sampling rate as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates.
  • sampling rate and data length may vary from route point to point based on the specific mechanical analysis requirements at hand.
  • a motor may require a relatively low sampling rate with high resolution to distinguish running speed harmonics from line frequency harmonics. The practical trade-off here though is that it takes more collection time to achieve this improved resolution.
  • a long data length of data can be collected at the highest practical sampling rate (e.g., 102.4 kHz; corresponding to a 40 kHz Fmax) and stored. This long block of data can be acquired in the same amount of time as the shorter length of the lower sampling rates utilized by a priori methods so that there is no effective delay added to the sampling at the measurement point, always a concern in route collection.
  • analog tape recording of data is digitally simulated with such a precision that it can be in effect considered continuous or “analog” for many purposes, including for purposes of embodiments of the present disclosure, except where context indicates otherwise.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include storage of calibration data and maintenance history on-board card sets.
  • Many data acquisition devices which rely on interfacing to a PC to function store their calibration coefficients on the PC. This is especially true for complex data acquisition devices whose signal paths are many and therefore whose calibration tables can be quite large.
  • calibration coefficients are stored in flash memory which will remember this data or any other significant information for that matter, for all practical purposes, permanently.
  • This information may include nameplate information such as serial numbers of individual components, firmware or software version numbers, maintenance history, and the calibration tables.
  • no matter which computer the box is ultimately connected to, the DAQ box remains calibrated and continues to hold all of this critical information.
  • the PC or external device may poll for this information at any time for implantation or information exchange purposes.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include rapid route creation taking advantage of hierarchical templates.
  • data monitoring points are associated a variety of attributes including the following categories: transducer attributes, data collection settings, machinery parameters and operating parameters.
  • the transducer attributes would include probe type, probe mounting type and probe mounting direction or axis orientation.
  • Data collection attributes associated with the measurement would involve a sampling rate, data length, integrated electronic piezoelectric probe power and coupling requirements, hardware integration requirements, 4-20 or voltage interfacing, range and gain settings (if applicable), filter requirements, and so on.
  • Machinery parametric requirements relative to the specific point would include such items as operating speed, bearing type, bearing parametric data which for a rolling element bearing includes the pitch diameter, number of balls, inner race, and outer-race diameters. For a tilting pad bearing, this would include the number of pads and so on.
  • needed parameters would include, for example, the number of gear teeth on each of the gears.
  • induction motors it would include the number of rotor bars and poles; for compressors, the number of blades and/or vanes; for fans, the number of blades.
  • the number of belts as well as the relevant belt passing frequencies may be calculated from the dimensions of the pulleys and pulley center-to-center distance.
  • Operating parametric data would include operating load, which may be expressed in megawatts, flow (either air or fluid), percentage, horsepower, feet-per-minute, and so on. Operating temperatures both ambient and operational, pressures, humidity, and so on, may also be relevant. As can be seen, the setup information required for an individual measurement point can be quite large. It is also crucial to performing any legitimate analysis of the data. Machinery, equipment, and bearing specific information are essential for identifying fault frequencies as well as anticipating the various kinds of specific faults to be expected. The transducer attributes as well as data collection parameters are vital for properly interpreting the data along with providing limits for the type of analytical techniques suitable.
  • hierarchical storage structure suitable for many purposes is defined from general to specific of company, plant or site, unit or process, machine, equipment, shaft element, bearing, and transducer. It is much easier to copy data associated with a particular machine, piece of equipment, shaft element or bearing than it is to copy only at the lowest transducer level.
  • the system not only stores data in this hierarchical fashion, but robustly supports the rapid copying of data using these hierarchical templates. Similarity of elements at specific hierarchical levels lends itself to effective data storage in hierarchical format. For example, so many machines have common elements such as motors, gearboxes, compressors, belts, fans, and so on. More specifically, many motors can be easily classified as induction, DC, fixed or variable speed.
  • gearboxes can be grouped into commonly occurring groupings such as input/output, input pinion/intermediate pinion/output pinion, 4-posters, and so on.
  • groupings such as input/output, input pinion/intermediate pinion/output pinion, 4-posters, and so on.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include smart bands.
  • Smart bands refer to any processed signal characteristics derived from any dynamic input or group of inputs for the purposes of analyzing the data and achieving the correct diagnoses.
  • smart bands may even include mini or relatively simple diagnoses for the purposes of achieving a more robust and complex one.
  • Alarm Bands have been used to define spectral frequency bands of interest for the purposes of analyzing and/or trending significant vibration patterns.
  • the Alarm Band typically consists of a spectral (amplitude plotted against frequency) region defined between a low and high frequency border. The amplitude between these borders is summed in the same manner for which an overall amplitude is calculated.
  • a Smart Band is more flexible in that it not only refers to a specific frequency band but can also refer to a group of spectral peaks such as the harmonics of a single peak, a true-peak level or crest factor derived from a time waveform, an overall derived from a vibration envelope spectrum or other specialized signal analysis technique or a logical combination (AND, OR, XOR, etc.) of these signal attributes.
  • spectral peaks such as the harmonics of a single peak, a true-peak level or crest factor derived from a time waveform, an overall derived from a vibration envelope spectrum or other specialized signal analysis technique or a logical combination (AND, OR, XOR, etc.) of these signal attributes.
  • a myriad assortment of other parametric data including system load, motor voltage and phase information, bearing temperature, flow rates, and the like, can likewise be used as the basis for forming additional smart bands.
  • Smart Band symptoms may be used as building blocks for an expert system whose engine would utilize these inputs to derive diagnose
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include a neural net expert system using smart bands.
  • Typical vibration analysis engines are rule-based (i.e., they use a list of expert rules which, when met, trigger specific diagnoses).
  • a neural approach utilizes the weighted triggering of multiple input stimuli into smaller analytical engines or neurons which in turn feed a simplified weighted output to other neurons. The output of these neurons can be also classified as smart bands which in turn feed other neurons. This produces a more layered approach to expert diagnosing as opposed to the one-shot approach of a rule-based system.
  • the expert system utilizes this neural approach using smart bands; however, it does not preclude rule- based diagnoses being reclassified as smart bands as further stimuli to be utilized by the expert system. From this point-of-view, it can be overviewed as a hybrid approach, although at the highest level it is essentially neural.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include use of database hierarchy in analysis smart band symptoms and diagnoses may be assigned to various hierarchical database levels.
  • a smart band may be called “Looseness” at the bearing level, trigger “Looseness” at the equipment level, and trigger “Looseness” at the machine level.
  • Another example would be having a smart band diagnosis called “Horizontal Plane Phase Flip” across a coupling and generate a smart band diagnosis of “Vertical Coupling Misalignment” at the machine level.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include expert system GUIs.
  • the system undertakes a graphical approach to defining smart bands and diagnoses for the expert system.
  • the entry of symptoms, rules, or more generally smart bands for creating a particular machine diagnosis, may be tedious and time consuming.
  • One means of making the process more expedient and efficient is to provide a graphical means by use of wiring.
  • the proposed graphical interface consists of four maj or components: a symptom parts bin, diagnoses bin, tools bin, and graphical wiring area (“GW A”).
  • a symptom parts bin includes various spectral, waveform, envelope and any type of signal processing characteristic or grouping of characteristics such as a spectral peak, spectral harmonic, waveform true-peak, waveform crest-factor, spectral alarm band, and so on.
  • Each part may be assigned additional properties.
  • a spectral peak part may be assigned a frequency or order (multiple) of running speed.
  • Some parts may be pre-defmed or user defined such as a lx, 2x, 3x running speed, lx, 2x, 3x gear mesh, lx, 2x, 3x blade pass, number of motor rotor bars x running speed, and so on.
  • the diagnoses bin includes various pre-defmed as well as user- defined diagnoses such as misalignment, imbalance, looseness, bearing faults, and so on. Like parts, diagnoses may also be used as parts for the purposes of building more complex diagnoses.
  • the tools bin includes logical operations such as AND, OR, XOR, etc. or other ways of combining the various parts listed above such as Find Max, Find Min, Interpolate, Average, other Statistical Operations, etc.
  • a graphical wiring area includes parts from the parts bin or diagnoses from the diagnoses bin and may be combined using tools to create diagnoses. The various parts, tools and diagnoses will be represented with icons which are simply graphically wired together in the desired manner.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include a graphical approach for back-calculation definition.
  • the expert system also provides the opportunity for the system to learn. If one already knows that a unique set of stimuli or smart bands corresponds to a specific fault or diagnosis, then it is possible to back- calculate a set of coefficients that when applied to a future set of similar stimuli would arrive at the same diagnosis.
  • a best-fit approach may be used. Unlike the smart band GUI, this embodiment will self-generate a wiring diagram.
  • the user may tailor the back-propagation approach settings and use a database browser to match specific sets of data with the desired diagnoses.
  • the desired diagnoses may be created or custom tailored with a smart band GUI.
  • a user may press the GENERATE button and a dynamic wiring of the symptom-to-diagnosis may appear on the screen as it works through the algorithms to achieve the best fit.
  • a variety of statistics are presented which detail how well the mapping process proceeded. In some cases, no mapping may be achieved if, for example, the input data was all zero or the wrong data (mistakenly assigned) and so on.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include bearing analysis methods.
  • bearing analysis methods may be used in conjunction with a computer aided design (“CAD”), predictive deconvolution, minimum variance distortionless response (“MVDR”) and spectrum sum- of-harmonics.
  • CAD computer aided design
  • MVDR minimum variance distortionless response
  • a bearing analysis method is provided.
  • torsional vibration detection and analysis is provided utilizing transitory signal analysis to provide an advanced torsional vibration analysis for a more comprehensive way to diagnose machinery where torsional forces are relevant (such as machinery with rotating components). Due primarily to the decrease in cost of motor speed control systems, as well as the increased cost and consciousness of energy -usage, it has become more economically justifiable to take advantage of the potentially vast energy savings of load control. Unfortunately, one frequently overlooked design aspect of this issue is that of vibration.
  • Non-torsional, structural resonances are typically fairly easy to detect using conventional vibration analysis techniques. However, this is not the case for torsion.
  • One special area of current interest is the increased incidence of torsional resonance problems, apparently due to the increased torsional stresses of speed change as well as the operation of equipment at torsional resonance speeds.
  • torsional resonances Unlike non-torsional structural resonances which generally manifest their effect with dramatically increased casing or external vibration, torsional resonances generally show no such effect. In the case of a shaft torsional resonance, the twisting motion induced by the resonance may only be discernible by looking for speed and/or phase changes.
  • the current standard methodology for analyzing torsional vibration involves the use of specialized instrumentation. Methods and systems disclosed herein allow analysis of torsional vibration without such specialized instrumentation. This may consist of shutting the machine down and employing the use of strain gauges and/or other special fixturing such as speed encoder plates and/or gears. Friction wheels are another alternative, but they typically require manual implementation and a specialized analyst. In general, these techniques can be prohibitively expensive and/or inconvenient. An increasing prevalence of continuous vibration monitoring systems due to decreasing costs and increasing convenience (e.g., remote access) exists. In embodiments, there is an ability to discern torsional speed and/or phase variations with just the vibration signal.
  • transient analysis techniques may be utilized to distinguish torsionally induced vibrations from mere speed changes due to process control.
  • factors for discernment might focus on one or more of the following aspects: the rate of speed change due to variable speed motor control would be relatively slow, sustained and deliberate; torsional speed changes would tend to be short, impulsive and not sustained; torsional speed changes would tend to be oscillatory, most likely decaying exponentially, process speed changes would not; and smaller speed changes associated with torsion relative to the shaft’s rotational speed which suggest that monitoring phase behavior would show the quick or transient speed bursts in contrast to the slow phase changes historically associated with ramping a machine’s speed up or down (as typified with Bode or Nyquist plots).
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include improved integration using both analog and digital methods.
  • a signal is digitally integrated using software, essentially the spectral low-end frequency data has its amplitude multiplied by a function which quickly blows up as it approaches zero and creates what is known in the industry as a “ski-slope” effect.
  • the amplitude of the ski-slope is essentially the noise floor of the instrument.
  • the simple remedy for this is the traditional hardware integrator, which can perform at signal-to-noise ratios much greater than that of an already digitized signal. It can also limit the amplification factor to a reasonable level so that multiplication by very large numbers is essentially prohibited.
  • the hardware integrator has a fixed noise floor that although low floor does not scale down with the now lower amplitude high-frequency data.
  • the same digital multiplication of a digitized high-frequency signal also scales down the noise floor proportionally.
  • hardware integration may be used below the point of unity gain where (at a value usually determined by units and/or desired signal to noise ratio based on gain) and software integration may be used above the value of unity gain to produce an ideal result. In embodiments, this integration is performed in the frequency domain.
  • the resulting hybrid data can then be transformed back into a waveform which should be far superior in signal-to-noise ratio when compared to either hardware integrated or software integrated data.
  • the strengths of hardware integration are used in conjunction with those of digital software integration to achieve the maximum signal-to-noise ratio.
  • the first order gradual hardware integrator high pass filter along with curve fitting allow some relatively low frequency data to get through while reducing or eliminating the noise, allowing very useful analytical data that steep filters kill to be salvaged.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring. Continuous monitoring is often performed with an up-front Mux whose purpose it is to select a few channels of data among many to feed the hardware signal processing, A/D, and processing components of a DAQ system. This is done primarily out of practical cost considerations. The tradeoff is that all of the points are not monitored continuously (although they may be monitored to a lesser extent via alternative hardware methods). In embodiments, multiple scheduling levels are provided. In embodiments, at the lowest level, which is continuous for the most part, all of the measurement points will be cycled through in round-robin fashion.
  • each point is serviced once every 15 minutes; however, if a point should alarm by whatever criteria the user selects, its priority level can be increased so that it is serviced more often. As there can be multiple grades of severity for each alarm, so can there me multiple levels of priority with regards to monitoring. In embodiments, more severe alarms will be monitored more frequently. In embodiments, a number of additional high-level signal processing techniques can be applied at less frequent intervals. Embodiments may take advantage of the increased processing power of a PC and the PC can temporarily suspend the round-robin route collection (with its multiple tiers of collection) process and stream the required amount of data for a point of its choosing.
  • Embodiments may include various advanced processing techniques such as envelope processing, wavelet analysis, as well as many other signal processing techniques.
  • the DAQ card set will continue with its route at the point it was interrupted.
  • various PC scheduled data acquisitions will follow their own schedules which will be less frequency than the DAQ card route. They may be set up hourly, daily, by number of route cycles (for example, once every 10 cycles) and also increased scheduling-wise based on their alarm severity priority or type of measurement (e.g., motors may be monitored differently than fans).
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include data acquisition parking features.
  • a data acquisition box used for route collection, real time analysis and in general as an acquisition instrument can be detached from its PC (tablet or otherwise) and powered by an external power supply or suitable battery.
  • the data collector still retains continuous monitoring capability and its on-board firmware can implement dedicated monitoring functions for an extended period of time or can be controlled remotely for further analysis.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include extended statistical capabilities for continuous monitoring.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include ambient sensing plus local sensing plus vibration for analysis.
  • ambient environmental temperature and pressure, sensed temperature and pressure may be combined with long/medium term vibration analysis for prediction of any of a range of conditions or characteristics.
  • Variants may add infrared sensing, infrared thermography, ultrasound, and many other types of sensors and input types in combination with vibration or with each other.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include a smart route.
  • the continuous monitoring system’s software will adapt/adjust the data collection sequence based on statistics, analytics, data alarms and dynamic analysis. Typically, the route is set based on the channels the sensors are attached to.
  • the Mux can combine any input Mux channels to the (e.g., eight) output channels.
  • the Mux can combine any input Mux channels to the (e.g., eight) output channels.
  • channels go into alarm or the system identifies key deviations, it will pause the normal route set in the software to gather specific simultaneous data, from the channels sharing key statistical changes, for more advanced analysis.
  • Embodiments include conducting a smart ODS or smart transfer function.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include smart ODS and one or more transfer functions.
  • an ODS, a transfer function, or other special tests on all the vibration sensors attached to a machine/structure can be performed and show exactly how the machine’s points are moving in relationship to each other.
  • 40-50 kHz and longer data lengths e.g., at least one minute
  • the system will be able to determine, based on the data/statistics/analytics to use, the smart route feature that breaks from the standard route and conducts an ODS across a machine, structure or multiple machines and structures that might show a correlation because the conditions/data directs it.
  • the transfer functions there may be an impact hammer used on one channel and then compared against other vibration sensors on the machine.
  • the system may use the condition changes such as load, speed, temperature or other changes in the machine or system to conduct the transfer function.
  • different transfer functions may be compared to each other over time.
  • difference transfer functions may be strung together like a movie that may show how the machinery fault changes, such as a bearing that could show how it moves through the four stages of bearing failure and so on.
  • Embodiments of the methods and systems disclosed herein may include a hierarchical Mux.
  • the present disclosure generally includes digitally collecting or streaming waveform data 2010 from a machine 2020 whose operational speed can vary from relatively slow rotational or oscillational speeds to much higher speeds in different situations.
  • the waveform data 2010, at least on one machine may include data from a single axis sensor 2030 mounted at an unchanging reference location 2040 and from a three-axis sensor 2050 mounted at changing locations (or located at multiple locations), including location 2052.
  • the waveform data 2010 can be vibration data obtained simultaneously from each sensor 2030, 2050 in a gap-free format for a duration of multiple minutes with maximum resolvable frequencies sufficiently large to capture periodic and transient impact events.
  • the waveform data 2010 can include vibration data that can be used to create an operational deflecting shape. It can also be used, as needed, to diagnose vibrations from which a machine repair solution can be prescribed.
  • the machine 2020 can further include a housing 2100 that can contain a drive motor 2110 that can drive a shaft 2120.
  • the shaft 2120 can be supported for rotation or oscillation by a set of bearings 2130, such as including a first bearing 2140 and a second bearing 2150.
  • a data collection module 2160 can connect to (or be resident on) the machine 2020.
  • the data collection module 2160 can be located and accessible through a cloud network facility 2170, can collect the waveform data 2010 from the machine 2020, and deliver the waveform data 2010 to a remote location.
  • a working end 2180 of the drive shaft 2120 of the machine 2020 can drive a windmill, a fan, a pump, a drill, a gear system, a drive system, or other working element, as the techniques described herein can apply to a wide range of machines, equipment, tools, or the like that include rotating or oscillating elements.
  • a generator can be substituted for the motor 2110, and the working end of the drive shaft 2120 can direct rotational energy to the generator to generate power, rather than consume it.
  • the waveform data 2010 can be obtained using a predetermined route format based on the layout of the machine 2020.
  • the waveform data 2010 may include data from the single axis sensor 2030 and the three-axis sensor 2050.
  • the single axis sensor 2030 can serve as a reference probe with its one channel of data and can be fixed at the unchanging location 2040 on the machine under survey.
  • the three-axis sensor 2050 can serve as a tri-axial probe (e.g., three orthogonal axes) with its three channels of data and can be moved along a predetermined diagnostic route format from one test point to the next test point.
  • both sensors 2030, 2050 can be mounted manually to the machine 2020 and can connect to a separate portable computer in certain service examples.
  • the reference probe can remain at one location while the user can move the tri- axial vibration probe along the predetermined route, such as from bearing-to-bearing on a machine.
  • the user is instructed to locate the sensors at the predetermined locations to complete the survey (or portion thereof) of the machine.
  • FIG. 9 a portion of an exemplary machine 2200 is shown having a tri-axial sensor 2210 mounted to a location 2220 associated with a motor bearing of the machine 2200 with an output shaft 2230 and output member 2240 in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the sensors and data acquisition modules and equipment can be integral to, or resident on, the rotating machine.
  • the machine can contain many single axis sensors and many tri-axial sensors at predetermined locations.
  • the sensors can be originally installed equipment and provided by the original equipment manufacturer or installed at a different time in a retrofit application.
  • the data collection module 2160 or the like, can select and use one single axis sensor and obtain data from it exclusively during the collection of waveform data 2010 while moving to each of the tri-axial sensors.
  • the data collection module 2160 can be resident on the machine 2020 and/or connect via the cloud network facility 2170.
  • the various embodiments include collecting the waveform data 2010 by digitally recording locally, or streaming over, the cloud network facility 2170.
  • the waveform data 2010 can be collected so as to be gap-free with no interruptions and, in some respects, can be similar to an analog recording of waveform data.
  • the waveform data 2010 from all of the channels can be collected for one to two minutes depending on the rotating or oscillating speed of the machine being monitored.
  • the data sampling rate can be at a relatively high-sampling rate relative to the operating frequency of the machine 2020.
  • a second reference sensor can be used, and a fifth channel of data can be collected.
  • the single-axis sensor can be the first channel and tri-axial vibration can occupy the second, the third, and the fourth data channels.
  • This second reference sensor like the first, can be a single axis sensor, such as an accelerometer.
  • the second reference sensor like the first reference sensor, can remain in the same location on the machine for the entire vibration survey on that machine. The location of the first reference sensor (i.e., the single axis sensor) may be different than the location of the second reference sensors (i.e., another single axis sensor).
  • the second reference sensor can be used when the machine has two shafts with different operating speeds, with the two reference sensors being located on the two different shafts.
  • further single-axis reference sensors can be employed at additional but different unchanging locations associated with the rotating machine.
  • the waveform data can be transmitted electronically in a gap-free free format at a significantly high rate of sampling for a relatively longer period of time.
  • the period of time is 60 seconds to 120 seconds.
  • the rate of sampling is 100 kHz with a maximum resolvable frequency (Fmax) of 40 kHz. It will be appreciated in light of this disclosure that the waveform data can be shown to approximate more closely some of the wealth of data available from previous instances of analog recording of waveform data.
  • sampling, band selection, and filtering techniques can permit one or more portions of a long stream of data (i.e., one to two minutes in duration) to be under sampled or over sampled to realize varying effective sampling rates.
  • interpolation and decimation can be used to further realize varying effective sampling rates.
  • oversampling may be applied to frequency bands that are proximal to rotational or oscillational operating speeds of the sampled machine, or to harmonics thereof, as vibration effects may tend to be more pronounced at those frequencies across the operating range of the machine.
  • the digitally-sampled data set can be decimated to produce a lower sampling rate.
  • decimating the data set can include first applying a low-pass filter to the digitally-sampled data set and then undersampling the data set.
  • a sample waveform at 100 Hz can be undersampled at every tenth point of the digital waveform to produce an effective sampling rate of 10 Hz, but the remaining nine points of that portion of the waveform are effectively discarded and not included in the modeling of the sample waveform.
  • this type of bare undersampling can create ghost frequencies due to the undersampling rate (i.e., 10 Hz) relative to the 100 Hz sample waveform.
  • the sample waveform at 100 Hz can be hardware- sampled at 10 Hz and therefore each sampling point is averaged over 100 milliseconds (e.g., a signal sampled at 100 Hz can have each point averaged over 10 milliseconds).
  • the present disclosure can include weighing adjacent data.
  • the adjacent data can refer to the sample points that were previously discarded and the one remaining point that was retained.
  • a low pass filter can average the adjacent sample data linearly, i.e., determining the sum of every ten points and then dividing that sum by ten.
  • the adjacent data can be weighted with a sine function.
  • the process of weighting the original waveform with the sine function can be referred to as an impulse function, or can be referred to in the time domain as a convolution.
  • the present disclosure can be applicable to not only digitizing a waveform signal based on a detected voltage, but can also be applicable to digitizing waveform signals based on current waveforms, vibration waveforms, and image processing signals including video signal rasterization.
  • the resizing of a window on a computer screen can be decimated, albeit in at least two directions.
  • undersampling by itself can be shown to be insufficient.
  • oversampling or upsampling by itself can similarly be shown to be insufficient, such that interpolation can be used like decimation but in lieu of only undersampling by itself.
  • interpolation in this context can refer to first applying a low pass filter to the digitally-sampled waveform data and then upsampling the waveform data. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that real-world examples can often require the use of use non-integer factors for decimation or interpolation, or both. To that end, the present disclosure includes interpolating and decimating sequentially in order to realize a non-integer factor rate for interpolating and decimating. In one example, interpolating and decimating sequentially can define applying a low-pass filter to the sample waveform, then interpolating the waveform after the low- pass filter, and then decimating the waveform after the interpolation.
  • the vibration data can be looped to purposely emulate conventional tape recorder loops, with digital filtering techniques used with the effective splice to facilitate longer analyses. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that the above techniques do not preclude waveform, spectrum, and other types of analyses to be processed and displayed with a GUI of the user at the time of collection. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that newer systems can permit this functionality to be performed in parallel to the high- performance collection of the raw waveform data.
  • the many embodiments include digitally streaming the waveform data 2010, as disclosed herein, and also enjoying the benefit of needing to load the route parameter information while setting the data acquisition hardware only once. Because the waveform data 2010 is streamed to only one file, there is no need to open and close files, or switch between loading and writing operations with the storage medium. It can be shown that the collection and storage of the waveform data 2010, as described herein, can be shown to produce relatively more meaningful data in significantly less time than the traditional batch data acquisition approach. An example of this includes an electric motor about which waveform data can be collected with a data length of 4K points (i.e., 4,096) for sufficiently high resolution in order to, among other things, distinguish electrical sideband frequencies.
  • 4K points i.e., 4,096
  • IK For fans or blowers, a reduced resolution of IK (i.e., 1,024) can be used.
  • IK can be the minimum waveform data length requirement.
  • the sampling rate can be 1,280 Hz and that equates to an Fmax of 500 Hz.
  • oversampling by an industry standard factor of 2.56 can satisfy the necessary two-times (2x) oversampling for the Nyquist Criterion with some additional leeway that can accommodate anti-aliasing filter-rolloff
  • the time to acquire this waveform data would be 1,024 points at 1,280 hertz, which are 800 milliseconds.
  • the waveform data can be averaged. Eight averages can be used with, for example, fifty percent overlap.
  • additional sampling rates can be added but this can make the total amount time for the vibration survey even longer because time adds up from changeover time from one sampling rate to another and from the time to obtain additional data at different sampling rate.
  • the vibration survey would, therefore, require an additional 36 seconds for the first set of averaged data at this sampling rate, in addition to others mentioned above, and consequently the total time spent at each measurement point increases even more dramatically.
  • Further embodiments include using similar digital streaming of gap free waveform data as disclosed herein for use with wind turbines and other machines that can have relatively slow speed rotating or oscillating systems.
  • the waveform data collected can include long samples of data at a relatively high-sampling rate.
  • the sampling rate can be 100 kHz and the sampling duration can be for two minutes on all of the channels being recorded.
  • one channel can be for the single axis reference sensor and three more data channels can be for the tri-axial three channel sensor.
  • the long data length can be shown to facilitate detection of extremely low frequency phenomena.
  • the long data length can also be shown to accommodate the inherent speed variability in wind turbine operations. Additionally, the long data length can further be shown to provide the opportunity for using numerous averages such as those discussed herein, to achieve very high spectral resolution, and to make feasible tape loops for certain spectral analyses. Many multiple advanced analytical techniques can now become available because such techniques can use the available long uninterrupted length of waveform data in accordance with the present disclosure.
  • the simultaneous collection of waveform data from multiple channels can facilitate performing transfer functions between multiple channels. Moreover, the simultaneous collection of waveform data from multiple channels facilitates establishing phase relationships across the machine so that more sophisticated correlations can be utilized by relying on the fact that the waveforms from each of the channels are collected simultaneously. In other examples, more channels in the data collection can be used to reduce the time it takes to complete the overall vibration survey by allowing for simultaneous acquisition of waveform data from multiple sensors that otherwise would have to be acquired, in a subsequent fashion, moving sensor to sensor in the vibration survey.
  • the present disclosure includes the use of at least one of the single-axis reference probe on one of the channels to allow for acquisition of relative phase comparisons between channels.
  • the reference probe can be an accelerometer or other type of transducer that is not moved and, therefore, fixed at an unchanging location during the vibration survey of one machine.
  • Multiple reference probes can each be deployed as at suitable locations fixed in place (i.e., at unchanging locations) throughout the acquisition of vibration data during the vibration survey. In certain examples, up to seven reference probes can be deployed depending on the capacity of the data collection module 2160 or the like.
  • transfer functions or similar techniques the relative phases of all channels may be compared with one another at all selected frequencies.
  • the one or more reference probes can provide relative phase, rather than absolute phase. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that relative phase may not be as valuable absolute phase for some purposes, but the relative phase the information can still be shown to be very useful.
  • the sampling rates used during the vibration survey can be digitally synchronized to predetermined operational frequencies that can relate to pertinent parameters of the machine such as rotating or oscillating speed. Doing this, permits extracting even more information using synchronized averaging techniques. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that this can be done without the use of a key phasor or a reference pulse from a rotating shaft, which is usually not available for route collected data. As such, non-synchronous signals can be removed from a complex signal without the need to deploy synchronous averaging using the key phasor. This can be shown to be very powerful when analyzing a particular pinion in a gearbox or generally applied to any component within a complicated mechanical mechanism.
  • the key phasor or the reference pulse is rarely available with route collected data, but the techniques disclosed herein can overcome this absence.
  • variable speed equipment can be more readily analyzed with relatively longer duration of data relative to single speed equipment.
  • the vibration survey can be conducted at several machine speeds within the same contiguous set of vibration data using the same techniques disclosed herein. These techniques can also permit the study of the change of the relationship between vibration and the change of the rate of speed that was not available before.
  • the gap-free digital format can facilitate many paths to analyze the waveform data in many ways after the fact to identify specific problems.
  • the vibration data collected in accordance with the techniques disclosed herein can provide the analysis of transient, semi-periodic and very low frequency phenomena.
  • the waveform data acquired in accordance with the present disclosure can contain relatively longer streams of raw gap- free waveform data that can be conveniently played back as needed, and on which many and varied sophisticated analytical techniques can be performed. A large number of such techniques can provide for various forms of filtering to extract low amplitude modulations from transient impact data that can be included in the relatively longer stream of raw gap- free waveform data.
  • a method of monitoring vibration of a machine having at least one shaft supported by a set of bearings includes monitoring a first data channel assigned to a single-axis sensor at an unchanging location associated with the machine.
  • the method also includes monitoring a second, third, and fourth data channel assigned to a three-axis sensor.
  • the method further includes recording gap-free digital waveform data simultaneously from all of the data channels while the machine is in operation; and determining a change in relative phase based on the digital waveform data.
  • the method also includes the tri-axial sensor being located at a plurality of positions associated with the machine while obtaining the digital waveform.
  • the second, third, and fourth channels are assigned together to a sequence of tri-axial sensors each located at different positions associated with the machine.
  • the data is received from all of the sensors on all of their channels simultaneously.
  • the method also includes determining an operating deflection shape based on the change in relative phase information and the waveform data.
  • the unchanging location of the reference sensor is a position associated with a shaft of the machine.
  • the tri-axial sensors in the sequence of the tri-axial sensors are each located at different positions and are each associated with different bearings in the machine.
  • the unchanging location is a position associated with a shaft of the machine and, wherein, the tri-axial sensors in the sequence of the tri-axial sensors are each located at different positions and are each associated with different bearings that support the shaft in the machine.
  • the various embodiments include methods of sequentially monitoring vibration or similar process parameters and signals of a rotating or oscillating machine or analogous process machinery from a number of channels simultaneously, which can be known as an ensemble.
  • the ensemble can include one to eight channels.
  • an ensemble can represent a logical measurement grouping on the equipment being monitored whether those measurement locations are temporary for measurement, supplied by the original equipment manufacturer, retrofit at a later date, or one or more combinations thereof.
  • an ensemble can monitor bearing vibration in a single direction.
  • an ensemble can monitor three different directions (e.g., orthogonal directions) using a tri-axial sensor.
  • an ensemble can monitor four or more channels where the first channel can monitor a single axis vibration sensor, and the second, the third, and the fourth channels can monitor each of the three directions of the tri-axial sensor.
  • the ensemble can be fixed to a group of adjacent bearings on the same piece of equipment or an associated shaft.
  • the cooperation with the reference channel can be shown to support a more complete correlation of the collected waveforms from the ensembles.
  • the reference sensor on the reference channel can be a single axis vibration sensor, or a phase reference sensor that can be triggered by a reference location on a rotating shaft or the like.
  • the methods can further include recording gap-free digital waveform data simultaneously from all of the channels of each ensemble at a relatively high rate of sampling so as to include all frequencies deemed necessary for the proper analysis of the machinery being monitored while it is in operation.
  • the data from the ensembles can be streamed gap-free to a storage medium for subsequent processing that can be connected to a cloud network facility, a local data link, BluetoothTM connectivity, cellular data connectivity, or the like.
  • the methods disclosed herein include strategies for collecting data from the various ensembles including digital signal processing techniques that can be subsequently applied to data from the ensembles to emphasize or better isolate specific frequencies or waveform phenomena. This can be in contrast with current methods that collect multiple sets of data at different sampling rates, or with different hardware filtering configurations including integration, that provide relatively less post-processing flexibility because of the commitment to these same (known as a priori hardware configurations). These same hardware configurations can also be shown to increase time of the vibration survey due to the latency delays associated with configuring the hardware for each independent test.
  • the methods for collecting data from various ensembles include data marker technology that can be used for classifying sections of streamed data as homogenous and belonging to a specific ensemble.
  • a classification can be defined as operating speed. In doing so, a multitude of ensembles can be created from what conventional systems would collect as only one.
  • the many embodiments include post-processing analytic techniques for comparing the relative phases of all the frequencies of interest not only between each channel of the collected ensemble but also between all of the channels of all of the ensembles being monitored, when applicable.
  • the present disclosure can include markers that can be applied to a time mark or a sample length within the raw waveform data.
  • the markers generally fall into two categories: preset or dynamic.
  • the preset markers can correlate to preset or existing operating conditions (e.g., load, head pressure, air flow cubic feet per minute, ambient temperature, RPMs, and the like.). These preset markers can be fed into the data acquisition system directly.
  • the preset markers can be collected on data channels in parallel with the waveform data (e.g., waveforms for vibration, current, voltage, etc.). Alternatively, the values for the preset markers can be entered manually.
  • One example of the present disclosure includes one of the parallel channel inputs being a key phasor trigger pulse from an operating shaft that can provide RPM information at the instantaneous time of collection.
  • sections of collected waveform data can be marked with appropriate speeds or speed ranges.
  • the present disclosure can also include dynamic markers that can correlate to data that can be derived from post processing and analytics performed on the sample waveform.
  • the dynamic markers can also correlate to post-collection derived parameters including RPMs, as well as other operationally derived metrics such as alarm conditions like a maximum RPM.
  • RPMs post-collection derived parameters
  • other operationally derived metrics such as alarm conditions like a maximum RPM.
  • many modem pieces of equipment that are candidates for a vibration survey with the portable data collection systems described herein do not include tachometer information. This can be true because it is not always practical or cost-justifiable to add a tachometer even though the measurement of RPM can be of primary importance for the vibration survey and analysis.
  • the RPM information can be used to mark segments of the raw waveform data over its collection history. Further embodiments include techniques for collecting instrument data following a prescribed route of a vibration study.
  • the dynamic markers can enable analysis and trending software to utilize multiple segments of the collection interval indicated by the markers (e.g., two minutes) as multiple historical collection ensembles, rather than just one as done in previous systems where route collection systems would historically store data for only one RPM setting. This could, in turn, be extended to any other operational parameter such as load setting, ambient temperature, and the like, as previously described.
  • the dynamic markers that can be placed in a type of index file pointing to the raw data stream can classify portions of the stream in homogenous entities that can be more readily compared to previously collected portions of the raw data stream
  • the many embodiments include the hybrid relational metadata-binary storage approach that can use the best of pre-existing technologies for both relational and raw data streams.
  • the hybrid relational metadata - binary storage approach can marry them together with a variety of marker linkages.
  • the marker linkages can permit rapid searches through the relational metadata and can allow for more efficient analyses of the raw data using conventional SQL techniques with pre-existing technology. This can be shown to permit utilization of many of the capabilities, linkages, compatibilities, and extensions that conventional database technologies do not provide.
  • the marker linkages can also permit rapid and efficient storage of the raw data using conventional binary storage and data compression techniques. This can be shown to permit utilization of many of the capabilities, linkages, compatibilities, and extensions that conventional raw data technologies provide such as TMDS (National Instruments), UFF (Universal File Format such as UFF58), and the like.
  • the marker linkages can further permit using the marker technology links where a vastly richer set of data from the ensembles can be amassed in the same collection time as more conventional systems.
  • the richer set of data from the ensembles can store data snapshots associated with predetermined collection criterion and the proposed system can derive multiple snapshots from the collected data streams utilizing the marker technology. In doing so, it can be shown that a relatively richer analysis of the collected data can be achieved.
  • One such benefit can include more trending points of vibration at a specific frequency or order of running speed versus RPM, load, operating temperature, flow rates, and the like, which can be collected for a similar time relative to what is spent collecting data with a conventional system.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from machines, elements of the machines and the environment of the machines including heavy duty machines deployed at a local job site or at distributed job sites under common control.
  • the heavy-duty machines may include earthmoving equipment, heavy duty on-road industrial vehicles, heavy duty off-road industrial vehicles, industrial machines deployed in various settings such as turbines, turbomachinery, generators, pumps, pulley systems, manifold and valve systems, and the like.
  • heavy industrial machinery may also include earth- moving equipment, earth-compacting equipment, hauling equipment, hoisting equipment, conveying equipment, aggregate production equipment, equipment used in concrete construction, and piledriving equipment.
  • earth moving equipment may include excavators, backhoes, loaders, bulldozers, skid steer loaders, trenchers, motor graders, motor scrapers, crawler loaders, and wheeled loading shovels.
  • construction vehicles may include dumpers, tankers, tippers, and trailers.
  • material handling equipment may include cranes, conveyors, forklift, and hoists.
  • construction equipment may include tunnel and handling equipment, road rollers, concrete mixers, hot mix plants, road making machines (compactors), stone crashers, pavers, slurry seal machines, spraying and plastering machines, and heavy-duty pumps.
  • Heavy industrial equipment may include different systems such as implement traction, structure, power train, control, and information.
  • Heavy industrial equipment may include many different powertrains and combinations thereof to provide power for locomotion and to also provide power to accessories and onboard functionality.
  • the platform 100 may deploy the local data collection system 102 into the environment 104 in which these machines, motors, pumps, and the like, operate and directly connected integrated into each of the machines, motors, pumps, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from machines in operation and machines in being constructed such as turbine and generator sets like SiemensTM SGT6- 5000FTM gas turbine, an SST-900TM steam turbine, an SGen6-1000ATM generator, and an SGen6-100ATM generator, and the like.
  • the local data collection system 102 may be deployed to monitor steam turbines as they rotate in the currents caused by hot water vapor that may be directed through the turbine but otherwise generated from a different source such as from gas-fired burners, nuclear cores, molten salt loops and the like.
  • the local data collection system 102 may monitor the turbines and the water or other fluids in a closed loop cycle in which water condenses and is then heated until it evaporates again.
  • the local data collection system 102 may monitor the steam turbines separately from the fuel source deployed to heat the water to steam.
  • working temperatures of steam turbines may be between 500 and 650 °C.
  • an array of steam turbines may be arranged and configured for high, medium, and low pressure, so they may optimally convert the respective steam pressure into rotational movement.
  • the local data collection system 102 may also be deployed in a gas turbines arrangement and therefore not only monitor the turbine in operation but also monitor the hot combustion gases feed into the turbine that may be in excess of 1,500 °C. Because these gases are much hotter than those in steam turbines, the blades may be cooled with air that may flow out of small openings to create a protective film or boundary layer between the exhaust gases and the blades. This temperature profile may be monitored by the local data collection system 102.
  • Gas turbine engines unlike typical steam turbines, include a compressor, a combustion chamber, and a turbine all of which are journaled for rotation with a rotating shaft. The construction and operation of each of these components may be monitored by the local data collection system 102.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from water turbines serving as rotary engines that may harvest energy from moving water and are used for electric power generation.
  • the type of water turbine or hydro-power selected for a project may be based on the height of standing water, often referred to as head, and the flow (or volume of water) at the site.
  • a generator may be placed at the top of a shaft that connects to the water turbine. As the turbine catches the naturally moving water in its blade and rotates, the turbine sends rotational power to the generator to generate electrical energy.
  • the platform 100 may monitor signals from the generators, the turbines, the local water system, flow controls such as dam windows and sluices.
  • the platform 100 may monitor local conditions on the electric grid including load, predicted demand, frequency response, and the like, and include such information in the monitoring and control deployed by platform 100 in these hydroelectric settings.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from energy production environments, such as thermal, nuclear, geothermal, chemical, biomass, carbon-based fuels, hybrid- renewable energy plants, and the like. Many of these plants may use multiple forms of energy harvesting equipment like wind turbines, hydro turbines, and steam turbines powered by heat from nuclear, gas-fired, solar, and molten salt heat sources.
  • elements in such systems may include transmission lines, heat exchangers, desulphurization scrubbers, pumps, coolers, recuperators, chillers, and the like.
  • certain implementations of turbomachinery, turbines, scroll compressors, and the like may be configured in arrayed control so as to monitor large facilities creating electricity for consumption, providing refrigeration, creating steam for local manufacture and heating, and the like, and that arrayed control platforms may be provided by the provider of the industrial equipment such as Honeywell and their ExperionTM PKS platform.
  • the platform 100 may specifically communicate with and integrate the local manufacturer-specific controls and may allow equipment from one manufacturer to communicate with other equipment.
  • the platform 100 provides allows for the local data collection system 102 to collect information across systems from many different manufacturers.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from marine industrial equipment, marine diesel engines, shipbuilding, oil and gas plants, refineries, petrochemical plant, ballast water treatment solutions, marine pumps and turbines, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from heavy industrial equipment and processes including monitoring one or more sensors.
  • sensors may be devices that may be used to detect or respond to some type of input from a physical environment, such as an electrical, heat, or optical signal.
  • the local data collection system 102 may include multiple sensors such as, without limitation, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a torque sensor, a flow sensor, a heat sensor, a smoke sensor, an arc sensor, a radiation sensor, a position sensor, an acceleration sensor, a strain sensor, a pressure cycle sensor, a pressure sensor, an air temperature sensor, and the like.
  • the torque sensor may encompass a magnetic twist angle sensor.
  • the torque and speed sensors in the local data collection system 102 may be similar to those discussed in U.S. Patent Number 8,352,149 to Meachem, issued 8 January 2013 and hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein.
  • one or more sensors may be provided such as a tactile sensor, a biosensor, a chemical sensor, an image sensor, a humidity sensor, an inertial sensor, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from sensors that may provide signals for fault detection including excessive vibration, incorrect material, incorrect material properties, trueness to the proper size, trueness to the proper shape, proper weight, trueness to balance.
  • Additional fault sensors include those for inventory control and for inspections such as to confirm that parts are packaged to plan, parts are to tolerance in a plan, occurrence of packaging damage or stress, and sensors that may indicate the occurrence of shock or damage in transit. Additional fault sensors may include detection of the lack of lubrication, over lubrication, the need for cleaning of the sensor detection window, the need for maintenance due to low lubrication, the need for maintenance due to blocking or reduced flow in a lubrication region, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 that includes aircraft operations and manufacture including monitoring signals from sensors for specialized applications such as sensors used in an aircraft’s Attitude and Heading Reference System (AHRS), such as gyroscopes, accelerometers, and magnetometers.
  • AHRS Attitude and Heading Reference System
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from image sensors such as semiconductor charge coupled devices (CCDs), active pixel sensors, in complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) or N-type metal-oxide- semiconductor (NMOS, Live MOS) technologies.
  • CCDs semiconductor charge coupled devices
  • CMOS complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor
  • NMOS N-type metal-oxide- semiconductor
  • Live MOS Live MOS
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from sensors such as an infra-red (IR) sensor, an ultraviolet (UV) sensor, a touch sensor, a proximity sensor, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from sensors configured for optical character recognition (OCR), reading barcodes, detecting surface acoustic waves, detecting transponders, communicating with home automation systems, medical diagnostics, health monitoring, and the like.
  • OCR optical character recognition
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from sensors such as a Micro-Electro- Mechanical Systems (MEMS) sensor, such as ST Microelectronic’sTM LSM303AH smart MEMS sensor, which may include an ultra-low-power high-performance system-in- package featuring a 3D digital linear acceleration sensor and a 3D digital magnetic sensor.
  • MEMS Micro-Electro- Mechanical Systems
  • ST Microelectronic’sTM LSM303AH smart MEMS sensor which may include an ultra-low-power high-performance system-in- package featuring a 3D digital linear acceleration sensor and a 3D digital magnetic sensor.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from additional large machines such as turbines, windmills, industrial vehicles, robots, and the like. These large mechanical machines include multiple components and elements providing multiple subsystems on each machine.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from individual elements such as axles, bearings, belts, buckets, gears, shafts, gear boxes, cams, carriages, camshafts, clutches, brakes, drums, dynamos, feeds, flywheels, gaskets, pumps, jaws, robotic arms, seals, sockets, sleeves, valves, wheels, actuators, motors, servomotor, and the like. Many of the machines and their elements may include servomotors.
  • the local data collection system 102 may monitor the motor, the rotary encoder, and the potentiometer of the servomechanism to provide three-dimensional detail of position, placement, and progress of industrial processes.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from gear drives, powertrains, transfer cases, multispeed axles, transmissions, direct drives, chain drives, belt-drives, shaft-drives, magnetic drives, and similar meshing mechanical drives.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from fault conditions of industrial machines that may include overheating, noise, grinding gears, locked gears, excessive vibration, wobbling, under-inflation, over inflation, and the like. Operation faults, maintenance indicators, and interactions from other machines may cause maintenance or operational issues may occur during operation, during installation, and during maintenance.
  • the faults may occur in the mechanisms of the industrial machines but may also occur in infrastructure that supports the machine such as its wiring and local installation platforms.
  • the large industrial machines may face different types of fault conditions such as overheating, noise, grinding gears, excessive vibration of machine parts, fan vibration problems, problems with large industrial machines rotating parts.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor signals from industrial machinery including failures that may be caused by premature bearing failure that may occur due to contamination or loss of bearing lubricant.
  • a mechanical defect such as misalignment of bearings may occur.
  • the local data collection system 102 may monitor cycles and local stresses.
  • the platform 100 may monitor the incorrect operation of machine parts, lack of maintenance and servicing of parts, corrosion of vital machine parts, such as couplings or gearboxes, misalignment of machine parts, and the like. Though the fault occurrences cannot be completely stopped, many industrial breakdowns may be mitigated to reduce operational and financial losses.
  • the platform 100 provides real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance in many industrial environments wherein it has been shown to present a cost-savings over regularly- scheduled maintenance processes that replace parts according to a rigid expiration of time and not actual load and wear and tear on the element or machine.
  • the platform 10 may provide reminders of, or perform some, preventive measures such as adhering to operating manual and mode instructions for machines, proper lubrication, and maintenance of machine parts, minimizing or eliminating overrun of machines beyond their defined capacities, replacement of worn but still functional parts as needed, properly training the personnel for machine use, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 to monitor multiple signals that may be carried by a plurality of physical, electronic, and symbolic formats or signals.
  • the platform 100 may employ signal processing including a plurality of mathematical, statistical, computational, heuristic, and linguistic representations and processing of signals and a plurality of operations needed for extraction of useful information from signal processing operations such as techniques for representation, modeling, analysis, synthesis, sensing, acquisition, and extraction of information from signals.
  • signal processing may be performed using a plurality of techniques, including but not limited to transformations, spectral estimations, statistical operations, probabilistic and stochastic operations, numerical theory analysis, data mining, and the like.
  • Signal processing for images may include pattern recognition for manufacturing inspections, quality inspection, and automated operational inspection and maintenance.
  • the platform 100 may employ many pattern recognition techniques including those that may classify input data into classes based on key features with the objective of recognizing patterns or regularities in data
  • the platform 100 may also implement pattern recognition processes with machine learning operations and may be used in applications such as computer vision, speech and text processing, radar processing, handwriting recognition, CAD systems, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may employ supervised classification and unsupervised classification.
  • the supervised learning classification algorithms may be based to create classifiers for image or pattern recognition, based on training data obtained from different object classes.
  • the unsupervised learning classification algorithms may operate by finding hidden structures in unlabeled data using advanced analysis techniques such as segmentation and clustering.
  • some of the analysis techniques used in unsupervised learning may include K-means clustering, Gaussian mixture models, Hidden Markov models, and the like.
  • the algorithms used in supervised and unsupervised learning methods of pattern recognition enable the use of pattern recognition in various high precision applications.
  • the platform 100 may use pattern recognition in face detection related applications such as security systems, tracking, sports related applications, fingerprint analysis, medical and forensic applications, navigation and guidance systems, vehicle tracking, public infrastructure systems such as transport systems, license plate monitoring, and the like.
  • the platform 100 may include the local data collection system 102 deployed in the environment 104 using machine learning to enable derivation-based learning outcomes from computers without the need to program them.
  • the platform 100 may, therefore, leam from and make decisions on a set of data, by making data-driven predictions and adapting according to the set of data.
  • machine learning may involve performing a plurality of machine learning tasks by machine learning systems, such as supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and reinforcement learning.
  • Supervised learning may include presenting a set of example inputs and desired outputs to the machine learning systems.
  • Unsupervised learning may include the learning algorithm itself structuring its input by methods such as pattern detection and/or feature learning.
  • Reinforcement learning may include the machine learning systems performing in a dynamic environment and then providing feedback about correct and incorrect decisions.
  • machine learning may include a plurality of other tasks based on an output of the machine learning system.
  • the tasks may also be classified as machine learning problems such as classification, regression, clustering, density estimation, dimensionality reduction, anomaly detection, and the like.
  • machine learning may include a plurality of mathematical and statistical techniques.
  • the many types of machine learning algorithms may include decision tree based learning, association rule learning, deep learning, artificial neural networks, genetic learning algorithms, inductive logic programming, support vector machines (SVMs), Bayesian network, reinforcement learning, representation learning, rule-based machine learning, sparse dictionary learning, similarity and metric learning, learning classifier systems (LCS), logistic regression, random forest, K-Means, gradient boost and adaboost, K-nearest neighbors (KNN), a priori algorithms, and the like.
  • certain machine learning algorithms may be used (such as genetic algorithms defined for solving both constrained and unconstrained optimization problems that may be based on natural selection, the process that drives biological evolution).
  • genetic algorithms may be deployed to solve a variety of optimization problems that are not well suited for standard optimization algorithms, including problems in which the objective functions are discontinuous, not differentiable, stochastic, or highly nonlinear.
  • the genetic algorithm may be used to address problems of mixed integer programming, where some components restricted to being integer-valued.
  • Genetic algorithms and machine learning techniques and systems may be used in computational intelligence systems, computer vision, Natural Language Processing (NLP), recommender systems, reinforcement learning, building graphical models, and the like.
  • NLP Natural Language Processing
  • the machine learning systems may be used to perform intelligent computing based control and be responsive to tasks in a wide variety of systems (such as interactive websites and portals, brain-machine interfaces, online security and fraud detection systems, medical applications such as diagnosis and therapy assistance systems, classification of DNA sequences, and the like).
  • machine learning systems may be used in advanced computing applications (such as online advertising, natural language processing, robotics, search engines, software engineering, speech and handwriting recognition, pattern matching, game playing, computational anatomy, bioinformatics systems and the like).
  • machine learning may also be used in financial and marketing systems (such as for user behavior analytics, online advertising, economic estimations, financial market analysis, and the like).
  • a model may be created by a human who has experience with the industrial environment and may be associated with a training data set (such as models created by human analysis or machine analysis of data that is collected by the sensors in the environment, or sensors in other similar environments.
  • the learning machine may then operate on other data, initially using a set of rules or elements of a model, such as to provide a variety of outputs, such as classification of data into types, recognition of certain patterns (such as those indicating the presence of faults, orthoses indicating operating conditions, such as fuel efficiency, energy production, or the like).
  • the machine learning facility may take feedback, such as one or more inputs or measures of success, such that it may train, or improve, its initial model (such as improvements by adjusting weights, rules, parameters, or the like, based on the feedback).
  • a model of fuel consumption by an industrial machine may include physical model parameters that characterize weights, motion, resistance, momentum, inertia, acceleration, and other factors that indicate consumption, and chemical model parameters (such as those that predict energy produced and/or consumed e.g., such as through combustion, through chemical reactions in battery charging and discharging, and the like).
  • the model may be refined by feeding in data from sensors disposed in the environment of a machine, in the machine, and the like, as well as data indicating actual fuel consumption, so that the machine can provide increasingly accurate, sensor-based, estimates of fuel consumption and can also provide output that indicate what changes can be made to increase fuel consumption (such as changing operation parameters of the machine or changing other elements of the environment, such as the ambient temperature, the operation of a nearby machine, or the like). For example, if a resonance effect between two machines is adversely affecting one of them, the model may account for this and automatically provide an output that results in changing the operation of one of the machines (such as to reduce the resonance, to increase fuel efficiency of one or both machines).
  • the machine learning facility may self-organize to provide a highly accurate model of the conditions of an environment (such as for predicting faults, optimizing operational parameters, and the like). This may be used to increase fuel efficiency, to reduce wear, to increase output, to increase operating life, to avoid fault conditions, and for many other purposes.
  • Figure 10 illustrates components and interactions of a data collection architecture involving the application of cognitive and machine learning systems to data collection and processing.
  • a data collection system 102 may be disposed in an environment (such as an industrial environment where one or more complex systems, such as electro-mechanical systems and machines are manufactured, assembled, or operated).
  • the data collection system 102 may include onboard sensors and may take input, such as through one or more input interfaces or ports 4008, from one or more sensors (such as analog or digital sensors of any type disclosed herein) and from one or more input sources 116 (such as sources that may be available through Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, NFC, or other local network connections or over the Internet). Sensors may be combined and multiplexed (such as with one or more multiplexers 4002).
  • Data may be cached or buffered in a cache/buffer 4022 and made available to external systems, such as a remote host processing system 112 as described elsewhere in this disclosure (which may include an extensive processing architecture 4024, including any of the elements described in connection with other embodiments described throughout this disclosure and in the Figure), though one or more output interfaces and ports 4010 (which may in embodiments be separate from or the same as the input interfaces and ports 4008).
  • a remote host processing system 112 which may include an extensive processing architecture 4024, including any of the elements described in connection with other embodiments described throughout this disclosure and in the Figure
  • the data collection system 102 may be configured to take input from a host processing system 112, such as input from an analytic system 4018, which may operate on data from the data collection system 102 and data from other input sources 116 to provide analytic results, which in turn may be provided as a learning feedback input 4012 to the data collection system, such as to assist in configuration and operation of the data collection system 102.
  • a host processing system 112 such as input from an analytic system 4018, which may operate on data from the data collection system 102 and data from other input sources 116 to provide analytic results, which in turn may be provided as a learning feedback input 4012 to the data collection system, such as to assist in configuration and operation of the data collection system 102.
  • Combination of inputs may be performed under the control of machine-based intelligence, such as using a local cognitive input selection system 4004, an optionally remote cognitive input selection system 4114, or a combination of the two.
  • the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014 may use intelligence and machine learning capabilities described elsewhere in this disclosure, such as using detected conditions (such as conditions informed by the input sources 116 or sensors), state information (including state information determined by a machine state recognition system 4020 that may determine a state), such as relating to an operational state, an environmental state, a state within a known process or workflow, a state involving a fault or diagnostic condition, or many others.
  • This may include optimization of input selection and configuration based on learning feedback from the learning feedback system 4012, which may include providing training data (such as from the host processing system 112 or from other data collection systems 102 either directly or from the host 112) and may include providing feedback metrics, such as success metrics calculated within the analytic system 4018 of the host processing system 112.
  • metrics relating to such results from the analytic system 4018 can be provided via the learning feedback system 4012 to the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014 to help configure future data collection to select that combination in those conditions (allowing other input sources to be de-selected, such as by powering down the other sensors).
  • selection and de-selection of sensor combinations may occur with automated variation, such as using genetic programming techniques, based on learning feedback 4012, such as from the analytic system 4018, effective combinations for a given state or set of conditions are promoted, and less effective combinations are demoted, resulting in progressive optimization and adaptation of the local data collection system to each unique environment.
  • automated variation such as using genetic programming techniques
  • learning feedback 4012 such as from the analytic system 4018
  • effective combinations for a given state or set of conditions are promoted, and less effective combinations are demoted, resulting in progressive optimization and adaptation of the local data collection system to each unique environment.
  • Performance parameters may relate to overall system metrics (such as financial yields, process optimization results, energy production or usage, and the like), analytic metrics (such as success in recognizing patterns, making predictions, classifying data, or the like), and local system metrics (such as bandwidth utilization, storage utilization, power consumption, and the like).
  • the analytic system 4018, the state system 4020 and the cognitive input selection system 4114 of a host may take data from multiple data collection systems 102, such that optimization (including of input selection) may be undertaken through coordinated operation of multiple systems 102.
  • the cognitive input selection system 4114 may understand that if one data collection system 102 is already collecting vibration data for an X-axis, the X-axis vibration sensor for the other data collection system might be turned off, in favor of getting Y-axis data from the other data collector 102.
  • the host cognitive input selection system 4114 can provide for a rich data set for the host processing system 112, without wasting energy, bandwidth, storage space, or the like.
  • optimization may be based on overall system success metrics, analytic success metrics, and local system metrics, or a combination of the above.
  • machine learning may take advantage of a state machine, such as tracking states of multiple analog and/or digital sensors, feeding the states into a pattern analysis facility, and determining anticipated states of the industrial system based on historical data about sequences of state information. For example, where a temperature state of an industrial machine exceeds a certain threshold and is followed by a fault condition, such as breaking down of a set of bearings, that temperature state may be tracked by a pattern recognizer, which may produce an output data structure indicating an anticipated bearing fault state (whenever an input state of a high temperature is recognized).
  • a state machine such as tracking states of multiple analog and/or digital sensors, feeding the states into a pattern analysis facility, and determining anticipated states of the industrial system based on historical data about sequences of state information. For example, where a temperature state of an industrial machine exceeds a certain threshold and is followed by a fault condition, such as breaking down of a set of bearings, that temperature state may be tracked by a pattern recognizer, which may produce an output data structure indicating an anticipated bearing fault state (whenever
  • a wide range of measurement values and anticipated states may be managed by a state machine, relating to temperature, pressure, vibration, acceleration, momentum, inertia, friction, heat, heat flux, galvanic states, magnetic field states, electrical field states, capacitance states, charge and discharge states, motion, position, and many others.
  • States may comprise combined states, where a data structure includes a series of states, each of which is represented by a place in a byte-like data structure.
  • an industrial machine may be characterized by a genetic structure, such as one that provides pressure, temperature, vibration, and acoustic data, the measurement of which takes one place in the data structure, so that the combined state can be operated on as a byte-like structure, such as a structure for compactly characterizing the current combined state of the machine or environment, or compactly characterizing the anticipated state.
  • This byte-like structure can be used by a state machine for machine learning, such as pattern recognition that operates on the structure to determine patterns that reflect combined effects of multiple conditions.
  • a wide variety of such structure can be tracked and used, such as in machine learning, representing various combinations, of various length, of the different elements that can be sensed in an industrial environment.
  • byte-like structures can be used in a genetic programming technique, such as by substituting different types of data, or data from varying sources, and tracking outcomes over time, so that one or more favorable structures emerges based on the success of those structures when used in real world situations, such as indicating successful predictions of anticipated states, or achievement of success operational outcomes, such as increased efficiency, successful routing of information, achieving increased profits, or the like.
  • a genetic programming-based machine learning facility can “evolve” a set of data structures, consisting of a favorable mix of data types (e.g., pressure, temperature, and vibration), from a favorable mix of data sources (e.g., temperature is derived from sensor X, while vibration comes from sensor Y), for a given purpose.
  • data types e.g., pressure, temperature, and vibration
  • a favorable mix of data sources e.g., temperature is derived from sensor X, while vibration comes from sensor Y
  • Different desired outcomes may result in different data structures that are best adapted to support effective achievement of those outcomes over time with application of machine learning and promotion of structures with favorable results for the desired outcome in question by genetic programming.
  • the promoted data structures may provide compact, efficient data for various activities as described throughout this disclosure, including being stored in data pools (which may be optimized by storing favorable data structures that provide the best operational results for a given environment), being presented in data marketplaces (such as being presented as the most effective structures for a given purpose), and the like.
  • a platform having cloud-based, machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system.
  • the host processing system 112 such as disposed in the cloud, may include the state system 4020, which may be used to infer or calculate a current state or to determine an anticipated future state relating to the data collection system 102 or some aspect of the environment in which the data collection system 102 is disposed, such as the state of a machine, a component, a workflow, a process, an event (e.g., whether the event has occurred), an object, a person, a condition, a function, or the like. Maintaining state information allows the host processing system 112 to undertake analysis, such as in one or more analytic systems 4018, to determine contextual information, to apply semantic and conditional logic, and perform many other functions as enabled by the processing architecture 4024 described throughout this disclosure.
  • a platform having cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices.
  • the platform 100 includes (or is integrated with, or included in) the host processing system 112, such as on a cloud platform, a policy automation engine 4032 for automating creation, deployment, and management of policies to IoT devices.
  • polices which may include access policies, network usage policies, storage usage policies, bandwidth usage policies, device connection policies, security policies, rule-based policies, role-based polices, and others, may be required to govern the use of IoT devices.
  • an intelligent policy automation engine 4032 may include cognitive features for creating, configuring, and managing policies.
  • the policy automation engine 4032 may consume information about possible policies, such as from a policy database or library, which may include one or more public sources of available policies. These may be written in one or more conventional policy languages or scripts.
  • the policy automation engine 4032 may apply the policies according to one or more models, such as based on the characteristics of a given device, machine, or environment. For example, a large machine, such as a machine for power generation, may include a policy that only a verifiably local controller can change certain parameters of the power generation, thereby avoiding a remote “takeover” by a hacker. This may be accomplished in turn by automatically finding and applying security policies that bar connection of the control infrastructure of the machine to the Internet, by requiring access authentication, or the like.
  • the policy automation engine 4032 may include cognitive features, such as varying the application of policies, the configuration of policies, and the like (such as features based on state information from the state system 4020).
  • the policy automation engine 4032 may take feedback, as from the learning feedback system 4012, such as based on one or more analytic results from the analytic system 4018, such as based on overall system results (such as the extent of security breaches, policy violations, and the like), local results, and analytic results. By variation and selection based on such feedback, the policy automation engine 4032 can, over time, leam to automatically create, deploy, configure, and manage policies across very large numbers of devices, such as managing policies for configuration of connections among IoT devices.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices, including on-device sensor fusion and data storage for an industrial IoT device, where data from multiple sensors is multiplexed at the device for storage of a fused data stream.
  • pressure and temperature data may be multiplexed into a data stream that combines pressure and temperature in a time series, such as in a byte-like structure (where time, pressure, and temperature are bytes in a data structure, so that pressure and temperature remain linked in time, without requiring separate processing of the streams by outside systems), or by adding, dividing, multiplying, subtracting, or the like, such that the fused data can be stored on the device.
  • Any of the sensor data types described throughout this disclosure can be fused in this manner and stored in a local data pool, in storage, or on an IoT device, such as a data collector, a component of a machine, or the like.
  • a platform having on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices.
  • a cognitive system is used for a self organizing storage system 4028 for the data collection system 102.
  • Sensor data and in particular analog sensor data, can consume large amounts of storage capacity, in particular where a data collector 102 has multiple sensor inputs onboard or from the local environment. Simply storing all the data indefinitely is not typically a favorable option, and even transmitting all of the data may strain bandwidth limitations, exceed bandwidth permissions (such as exceeding cellular data plan capacity), or the like. Accordingly, storage strategies are needed.
  • the self-organizing storage system 4028 may use a cognitive system, based on learning feedback 4012, and use various metrics from the analytic system 4018 or other system of the host cognitive input selection system 4114, such as overall system metrics, analytic metrics, and local performance indicators.
  • the self-organizing storage system 4028 may automatically vary storage parameters, such as storage locations (including local storage on the data collection system 102, storage on nearby data collection systems 102 (such as using peer-to-peer organization) and remote storage, such as network-based storage), storage amounts, storage duration, type of data stored (including individual sensors or input sources 116, as well as various combined or multiplexed data, such as selected under the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014), storage type (such as using RAM, Flash, or other short-term memory versus available hard drive space), storage organization (such as in raw form, in hierarchies, and the like), and others.
  • storage parameters such as storage locations (including local storage on the data collection system 102, storage on nearby data collection systems 102 (such as using peer-to-peer organization) and remote storage, such as network-based storage), storage amounts, storage duration, type of data stored (including individual sensors or input sources 116, as well as various combined or multiplexed data, such as selected under the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014), storage type (such as
  • Variation of the parameters may be undertaken with feedback, so that over time the data collection system 102 adapts its storage of data to optimize itself to the conditions of its environment, such as a particular industrial environment, in a way that results in its storing the data that is needed in the right amounts and of the right type for availability to users.
  • the local cognitive input selection system 4004 may organize fusion of data for various onboard sensors, external sensors (such as in the local environment) and other input sources 116 to the local collection system 102 into one or more fused data streams, such as using the multiplexer 4002 to create various signals that represent combinations, permutations, mixes, layers, abstractions, data-metadata combinations, and the like of the source analog and/or digital data that is handled by the data collection system 102.
  • the selection of a particular fusion of sensors may be determined locally by the cognitive input selection system 4004, such as based on learning feedback from the learning feedback system 4012, such as various overall system, analytic system and local system results and metrics.
  • the system may learn to fuse particular combinations and permutations of sensors, such as in order to best achieve correct anticipation of state, as indicated by feedback of the analytic system 4018 regarding its ability to predict future states, such as the various states handled by the state system 4020.
  • the input selection system 4004 may indicate selection of a sub-set of sensors among a larger set of available sensors, and the inputs from the selected sensors may be combined, such as by placing input from each of them into a byte of a defined, multi-bit data structure (such as a combination by taking a signal from each at a given sampling rate or time and placing the result into the byte structure, then collecting and processing the bytes over time), by multiplexing in the multiplexer 4002, such as a combination by additive mixing of continuous signals, and the like.
  • Any of a wide range of signal processing and data processing techniques for combination and fusing may be used, including convolutional techniques, coercion techniques, transformation techniques, and the like.
  • the particular fusion in question may be adapted to a given situation by cognitive learning, such as by having the cognitive input selection system 4004 learn, based on feedback 4012 from results (such as feedback conveyed by the analytic system 4018), such that the local data collection system 102 executes context-adaptive sensor fusion.
  • the analytic system 4018 may apply to any of a wide range of analytic techniques, including statistical and econometric techniques (such as linear regression analysis, use similarity matrices, heat map based techniques, and the like), reasoning techniques (such as Bayesian reasoning, rule-based reasoning, inductive reasoning, and the like), iterative techniques (such as feedback, recursion, feed-forward and other techniques), signal processing techniques (such as Fourier and other transforms), pattern recognition techniques (such as Kalman and other filtering techniques), search techniques, probabilistic techniques (such as random walks, random forest algorithms, and the like), simulation techniques (such as random walks, random forest algorithms, linear optimization and the like), and others. This may include computation of various statistics or measures.
  • statistical and econometric techniques such as linear regression analysis, use similarity matrices, heat map based techniques, and the like
  • reasoning techniques such as Bayesian reasoning, rule-based reasoning, inductive reasoning, and the like
  • iterative techniques such as feedback, recursion, feed-forward and other
  • the analytic system 4018 may be disposed, at least in part, on a data collection system 102, such that a local analytic system can calculate one or more measures, such as measures relating to any of the items noted throughout this disclosure. For example, measures of efficiency, power utilization, storage utilization, redundancy, entropy, and other factors may be calculated onboard, so that the data collection 102 can enable various cognitive and learning functions noted throughout this disclosure without dependence on a remote (e.g., cloud-based) analytic system.
  • measures of efficiency, power utilization, storage utilization, redundancy, entropy, and other factors may be calculated onboard, so that the data collection 102 can enable various cognitive and learning functions noted throughout this disclosure without dependence on a remote (e.g., cloud-based) analytic system.
  • the host processing system 112, a data collection system 102, or both may include, connect to, or integrate with, a self-organizing networking system 4020, which may comprise a cognitive system for providing machine-based, intelligent or organization of network utilization for transport of data in a data collection system, such as for handling analog and other sensor data, or other source data, such as among one or more local data collection systems 102 and a host system 112.
  • a self-organizing networking system 4020 may comprise a cognitive system for providing machine-based, intelligent or organization of network utilization for transport of data in a data collection system, such as for handling analog and other sensor data, or other source data, such as among one or more local data collection systems 102 and a host system 112.
  • This may include organizing network utilization for source data delivered to data collection systems, for feedback data, such as analytic data provided to or via a learning feedback system 4012, data for supporting a marketplace (such as described in connection with other embodiments), and output data provided via output interfaces and ports 4010 from one or more data collection systems 102.
  • a marketplace may be set up initially to make available data collected from one or more industrial environments, such as presenting data by type, by source, by environment, by machine, by one or more patterns, or the like (such as in a menu or hierarchy).
  • the marketplace may vary the data collected, the organization of the data, the presentation of the data (including pushing the data to external sites, providing links, configuring APIs by which the data may be accessed, and the like), the pricing of the data, or the like, such as under machine learning, which may vary different parameters of any of the foregoing.
  • the machine learning facility may manage all of these parameters by self-organization, such as by varying parameters over time (including by varying elements of the data types presented), the data sourced used to obtain each type of data, the data structures presented (such as byte-like structures, fused or multiplexed structures (such as representing multiple sensor types), and statistical structures (such as representing various mathematical products of sensor information), among others), the pricing for the data, where the data is presented, how the data is presented (such as by APIs, by links, by push messaging, and the like), how the data is stored, how the data is obtained, and the like.
  • self-organization such as by varying parameters over time (including by varying elements of the data types presented), the data sourced used to obtain each type of data, the data structures presented (such as byte-like structures, fused or multiplexed structures (such as representing multiple sensor types), and statistical structures (such as representing various mathematical products of sensor information), among others), the pricing for the data, where the data is presented, how the data is presented (such as by APIs, by
  • feedback may be obtained as to measures of success, such as number of views, yield (e.g., price paid) per access, total yield, per unit profit, aggregate profit, and many others, and the self-organizing machine learning facility may promote configurations that improve measures of success and demote configurations that do not, so that, over time, the marketplace is progressively configured to present favorable combinations of data types (e.g., those that provide robust prediction of anticipated states of particular industrial environments of a given type), from favorable sources (e.g., those that are reliable, accurate and low priced), with effective pricing (e.g., pricing that tends to provide high aggregate profit from the marketplace).
  • measures of success such as number of views, yield (e.g., price paid) per access, total yield, per unit profit, aggregate profit, and many others
  • the self-organizing machine learning facility may promote configurations that improve measures of success and demote configurations that do not, so that, over time, the marketplace is progressively configured to present favorable combinations of data types (e.g., those that provide robust prediction of anticipated states
  • the marketplace may include spiders, web crawlers, and the like to seek input data sources, such as finding data pools, connected IoT devices, and the like that publish potentially relevant data. These may be trained by human users and improved by machine learning in a manner similar to that described elsewhere in this disclosure.
  • a platform having a self-organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data.
  • a platform is provided having a cognitive data marketplace 4102, referred to in some cases as a self-organizing data marketplace, for data collected by one or more data collection systems 102 or for data from other sensors or input sources 116 that are located in various data collection environments, such as industrial environments.
  • this may include data collected, handled or exchanged by IoT devices, such as cameras, monitors, embedded sensors, mobile devices, diagnostic devices and systems, instrumentation systems, telematics systems, and the like, such as for monitoring various parameters and features of machines, devices, components, parts, operations, functions, conditions, states, events, workflows and other elements (collectively encompassed by the term “states”) of such environments.
  • Data may also include metadata about any of the foregoing, such as describing data, indicating provenance, indicating elements relating to identity, access, roles, and permissions, providing summaries or abstractions of data, or otherwise augmenting one or more items of data to enable further processing, such as for extraction, transforming, loading, and processing data.
  • Such data may be highly valuable to third parties, either as an individual element (such as the instance where data about the state of an environment can be used as a condition within a process) or in the aggregate (such as the instance where collected data, optionally over many systems and devices in different environments can be used to develop models of behavior, to train learning systems, or the like).
  • the cognitive data marketplace 4102 enables various components, features, services, and processes for enabling users to supply, find, consume, and transact in packages of data, such as batches of data, streams of data (including event streams), data from various data pools 4120, and the like.
  • the cognitive data marketplace 4102 may be included in, connected to, or integrated with, one or more other components of a host processing architecture 4024 of a host processing system 112, such as a cloud-based system, as well as to various sensors, input sources 115, data collection systems 102 and the like.
  • the cognitive data marketplace 4102 may include marketplace interfaces 4108, which may include one or more supplier interfaces by which data suppliers may make data available and one more consumer interfaces by which data may be found and acquired.
  • the consumer interface may include an interface to a data market search system 4118, which may include features that enable a user to indicate what types of data a user wishes to obtain, such as by entering keywords in a natural language search interface that characterize data or metadata.
  • the search interface can use various search and filtering techniques, including keyword matching, collaborative filtering (such as using known preferences or characteristics of the consumer to match to similar consumers and the past outcomes of those other consumers), ranking techniques (such as ranking based on success of past outcomes according to various metrics, such as those described in connection with other embodiments in this disclosure).
  • a supply interface may allow an owner or supplier of data to supply the data in one or more packages to and through the cognitive data marketplace 4102, such as packaging batches of data, streams of data, or the like.
  • the supplier may pre-package data, such as by providing data from a single input source 116, a single sensor, and the like, or by providing combinations, permutations, and the like (such as multiplexed analog data, mixed bytes of data from multiple sources, results of extraction, loading and transformation, results of convolution, and the like), as well as by providing metadata with respect to any of the foregoing.
  • Packaging may include pricing, such as on a per-batch basis, on a streaming basis (such as subscription to an event feed or other feed or stream), on a per item basis, on a revenue share basis, or other basis.
  • a data transaction system 4114 may track orders, delivery, and utilization, including fulfillment of orders.
  • the transaction system 4114 may include rich transaction features, including digital rights management, such as by managing cryptographic keys that govern access control to purchased data, that govern usage (such as allowing data to be used for a limited time, in a limited domain, by a limited set of users or roles, or for a limited purpose).
  • the transaction system 4114 may manage payments, such as by processing credit cards, wire transfers, debits, and other forms of consideration.
  • a cognitive data packaging system 4012 of the marketplace 4102 may use machine-based intelligence to package data, such as by automatically configuring packages of data in batches, streams, pools, or the like.
  • packaging may be according to one or more rules, models, or parameters, such as by packaging or aggregating data that is likely to supplement or complement an existing model.
  • operating data from a group of similar machines may be aggregated together, such as based on metadata indicating the type of data or by recognizing features or characteristics in the data stream that indicate the nature of the data.
  • packaging may occur using machine learning and cognitive capabilities, such as by learning what combinations, permutations, mixes, layers, and the like of input sources 116, sensors, information from data pools 4120 and information from data collection systems 102 are likely to satisfy user requirements or result in measures of success.
  • Learning may be based on learning feedback 4012, such as learning based on measures determined in an analytic system 4018, such as system performance measures, data collection measures, analytic measures, and the like.
  • success measures may be correlated to marketplace success measures, such as viewing of packages, engagement with packages, purchase or licensing of packages, payments made for packages, and the like.
  • Such measures may be calculated in an analytic system 4018, including associating particular feedback measures with search terms and other inputs, so that the cognitive packaging system 4110 can find and configure packages that are designed to provide increased value to consumers and increased returns for data suppliers.
  • the cognitive data packaging system 4110 can automatically vary packaging, such as using different combinations, permutations, mixes, and the like, and varying weights applied to given input sources, sensors, data pools and the like, using learning feedback 4012 to promote favorable packages and de-emphasize less favorable packages. This may occur using genetic programming and similar techniques that compare outcomes for different packages.
  • Feedback may include state information from the state system 4020 (such as about various operating states, and the like), as well as about marketplace conditions and states, such as pricing and availability information for other data sources.
  • an adaptive cognitive data packaging system 4110 is provided that automatically adapts to conditions to provide favorable packages of data for the marketplace 4102.
  • a cognitive data pricing system 4112 may be provided to set pricing for data packages.
  • the data pricing system 4112 may use a set of rules, models, or the like, such as setting pricing based on supply conditions, demand conditions, pricing of various available sources, and the like.
  • pricing for a package may be configured to be set based on the sum of the prices of constituent elements (such as input sources, sensor data, or the like), or to be set based on a rule-based discount to the sum of prices for constituent elements, or the like.
  • Rules and conditional logic may be applied, such as rules that factor in cost factors (such as bandwidth and network usage, peak demand factors, scarcity factors, and the like), rules that factor in utilization parameters (such as the purpose, domain, user, role, duration, or the like for a package) and many others.
  • the cognitive data pricing system 4112 may include fully cognitive, intelligent features, such as using genetic programming including automatically varying pricing and tracking feedback on outcomes. Outcomes on which tracking feedback may be based include various financial yield metrics, utilization metrics and the like that may be provided by calculating metrics in an analytic system 4018 on data from the data transaction system 4114.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for self-organizing data pools which may include self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics, including utilization and/or yield metrics that are tracked for a plurality of data pools.
  • the data pools may initially comprise unstructured or loosely structured pools of data that contain data from industrial environments, such as sensor data from or about industrial machines or components.
  • a data pool might take streams of data from various machines or components in an environment, such as turbines, compressors, batteries, reactors, engines, motors, vehicles, pumps, rotors, axles, bearings, valves, and many others, with the data streams containing analog and/or digital sensor data (of a wide range of types), data published about operating conditions, diagnostic and fault data, identifying data for machines or components, asset tracking data, and many other types of data.
  • Each stream may have an identifier in the pool, such as indicating its source, and optionally its type.
  • the data pool may be accessed by external systems, such as through one or more interfaces or APIs (e.g., RESTful APIs), or by data integration elements (such as gateways, brokers, bridges, connectors, or the like), and the data pool may use similar capabilities to get access to available data streams.
  • a data pool may be managed by a self-organizing machine learning facility, which may configure the data pool, such as by managing what sources are used for the pool, managing what streams are available, and managing APIs or other connections into and out of the data pool.
  • the self-organization may take feedback such as based on measures of success that may include measures of utilization and yield.
  • the measures of utilization and yield may account for the cost of acquiring and/or storing data, as well as the benefits of the pool, measured either by profit or by other measures that may include user indications of usefulness, and the like.
  • a self-organizing data pool might recognize that chemical and radiation data for an energy production environment are regularly accessed and extracted, while vibration and temperature data have not been used, in which case the data pool might automatically reorganize, such as by ceasing storage of vibration and/or temperature data, or by obtaining better sources of such data.
  • This automated reorganization can also apply to data structures, such as promoting different data types, different data sources, different data structures, and the like, through progressive iteration and feedback.
  • a platform having self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics.
  • the data pools 4020 may be self-organizing data pools 4020, such as being organized by cognitive capabilities as described throughout this disclosure.
  • the data pools 4020 may self-organize in response to learning feedback 4012, such as based on feedback of measures and results, including calculated in an analytic system 4018.
  • a data pool 4020 may leam and adapt, such as based on states of the host system 112, one or more data collection systems 102, storage environment parameters (such as capacity, cost, and performance factors), data collection environment parameters, marketplace parameters, and many others.
  • pools 4020 may leam and adapt, such as by variation of the above and other parameters in response to yield metrics (such as return on investment, optimization of power utilization, optimization of revenue, and the like).
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for training AI models based on industry-specific feedback, including training an AI model based on industry-specific feedback that reflects a measure of utilization, yield, or impact, and where the AI model operates on sensor data from an industrial environment.
  • these models may include operating models for industrial environments, machines, workflows, models for anticipating states, models for predicting fault and optimizing maintenance, models for self-organizing storage (on devices, in data pools and/or in the cloud), models for optimizing data transport (such as for optimizing network coding, network-condition- sensitive routing, and the like), models for optimizing data marketplaces, and many others.
  • a platform is provided having training AI models based on industry-specific feedback.
  • the various embodiments of cognitive systems disclosed herein may take inputs and feedback from industry-specific and domain- specific sources 116 (such as relating to optimization of specific machines, devices, components, processes, and the like).
  • industry-specific and domain- specific sources 116 such as relating to optimization of specific machines, devices, components, processes, and the like.
  • learning and adaptation of storage organization, network usage, combination of sensor and input data, data pooling, data packaging, data pricing, and other features may be configured by learning on the domain- specific feedback measures of a given environment or application, such as an application involving IoT devices (such as an industrial environment).
  • This may include optimization of efficiency (such as in electrical, electromechanical, magnetic, physical, thermodynamic, chemical and other processes and systems), optimization of outputs (such as for production of energy, materials, products, services and other outputs), prediction, avoidance and mitigation of faults (such as in the aforementioned systems and processes), optimization of performance measures (such as returns on investment, yields, profits, margins, revenues and the like), reduction of costs (including labor costs, bandwidth costs, data costs, material input costs, licensing costs, and many others), optimization of benefits (such as relating to safety, satisfaction, health), optimization of work flows (such as optimizing time and resource allocation to processes), and others.
  • efficiency such as in electrical, electromechanical, magnetic, physical, thermodynamic, chemical and other processes and systems
  • optimization of outputs such as for production of energy, materials, products, services and other outputs
  • prediction avoidance and mitigation of faults
  • optimization of performance measures such as returns on investment, yields, profits, margins, revenues and the like
  • reduction of costs including labor costs, bandwidth costs, data costs, material input costs,
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for a self-organized swarm of industrial data collectors, including a self-organizing swarm of industrial data collectors that organize among themselves to optimize data collection based on the capabilities and conditions of the members of the swarm.
  • Each member of the swarm may be configured with intelligence, and the ability to coordinate with other members.
  • a member of the swarm may track information about what data other members are handling, so that data collection activities, data storage, data processing, and data publishing can be allocated intelligently across the swarm, taking into account conditions of the environment, capabilities of the members of the swarm, operating parameters, rules (such as from a rules engine that governs the operation of the swarm), and current conditions of the members.
  • collectors For example, among four collectors, one that has relatively low current power levels (such as a low battery), might be temporarily allocated the role of publishing data, because it may receive a dose of power from a reader or interrogation device (such as an REID reader) when it needs to publish the data.
  • a second collector with good power levels and robust processing capability might be assigned more complex functions, such as processing data, fusing data, organizing the rest of the swarm (including self organization under machine learning, such that the swarm is optimized over time, including by adjusting operating parameters, rules, and the like based on feedback), and the like.
  • a third collector in the swarm with robust storage capabilities might be assigned the task of collecting and storing a category of data, such as vibration sensor data, that consumes considerable bandwidth.
  • a fourth collector in the swarm might be assigned the role of collecting data that can usually be discarded, such as data on current diagnostic conditions, where only data on faults needs to be maintained and passed along.
  • Members of a swarm may connect by peer-to-peer relationships by using a member as a “master” or “hub,” or by having them connect in a series or ring, where each member passes along data (including commands) to the next, and is aware of the nature of the capabilities and commands that are suitable for the preceding and/or next member.
  • the swarm may be used for allocation of storage across it (such as using memory of each memory as an aggregate data store.
  • the aggregate data store may support a distributed ledger, which may store transaction data, such as for transactions involving data collected by the swarm, transactions occurring in the industrial environment, or the like.
  • the transaction data may also include data used to manage the swarm, the environment, or a machine or components thereof.
  • the swarm may self-organize, either by machine learning capability disposed on one or more members of the swarm, or based on instructions from an external machine learning facility, which may optimize storage, data collection, data processing, data presentation, data transport, and other functions based on managing parameters that are relevant to each.
  • the machine learning facility may start with an initial configuration and vary parameters of the swarm relevant to any of the foregoing (also including varying the membership of the swarm), such as iterating based on feedback to the machine learning facility regarding measures of success (such as utilization measures, efficiency measures, measures of success in prediction or anticipation of states, productivity measures, yield measures, profit measures, and others). Over time, the swarm may be optimized to a favorable configuration to achieve the desired measure of success for an owner, operator, or host of an industrial environment or a machine, component, or process thereof.
  • measures of success such as utilization measures, efficiency measures, measures of success in prediction or anticipation of states, productivity measures, yield measures, profit measures, and others.
  • the swarm 4202 may be organized based on a hierarchical organization (such as where a master data collector 102 organizes and directs activities of one or more subservient data collectors 102), a collaborative organization (such as where decision making for the organization of the swarm 4202 is distributed among the data collectors 102 (such as using various models for decision-making, such as voting systems, points systems, least-cost routing systems, prioritization systems, and the like), and the like.)
  • one or more of the data collectors 102 may have mobility capabilities, such as in cases where a data collector is disposed on or in a mobile robot, drone, mobile submersible, or the like, so that organization may include the location and positioning of the data collectors 102.
  • Data collection systems 102 may communicate with each other and with the host processing system 112, including sharing an aggregate allocated storage space involving storage on or accessible to one or more of the collectors (which in embodiment may be treated as a unified storage space even if physically distributed, such as using virtualization capabilities).
  • Organization may be automated based on one or more rules, models, conditions, processes, or the like (such as embodied or executed by conditional logic), and organization may be governed by policies, such as handled by the policy engine. Rules may be based on industry, application- and domain-specific objects, classes, events, workflows, processes, and systems, such as by setting up the swarm 4202 to collect selected types of data at designated places and times, such as coordinated with the foregoing.
  • the swarm 4202 may assign data collectors 102 to serially collect diagnostic, sensor, instrumentation and/or telematic data from each of a series of machines that execute an industrial process (such as a robotic manufacturing process), such as at the time and location of the input to and output from each of those machines.
  • self-organization may be cognitive, such as where the swarm varies one or more collection parameters and adapts the selection of parameters, weights applied to the parameters, or the like, over time.
  • this may be in response to learning and feedback, such as from the learning feedback system 4012 that may be based on various feedback measures that may be determined by applying the analytic system 4018 (which in embodiments may reside on the swarm 4202, the host processing system 112, or a combination thereof) to data handled by the swarm 4202 or to other elements of the various embodiments disclosed herein (including marketplace elements and others).
  • the swarm 4202 may display adaptive behavior, such as adapting to the current state 4020 or an anticipated state of its environment (accounting for marketplace behavior), behavior of various objects (such as IoT devices, machines, components, and systems), processes (including events, states, workflows, and the like), and other factors at a given time.
  • Parameters that may be varied in a process of variation may include storage parameters (location, type, duration, amount, structure and the like across the swarm 4202), network parameters (such as how the swarm 4202 is organized, such as in mesh, peer-to-peer, ring, serial, hierarchical and other network configurations as well as bandwidth utilization, data routing, network protocol selection, network coding type, and other networking parameters), security parameters (such as settings for various security applications and services), location and positioning parameters (such as routing movement of mobile data collectors 102 to locations, positioning and orienting collectors 102 and the like relative to points of data acquisition, relative to each other, and relative to locations where network availability may be favorable, among others), input selection parameters (such as input selection among sensors, input sources 116 and the like for each collector 102 and for the
  • a distributed ledger may distribute storage across devices, using a secure protocol, such as those used for cryptocurrencies (such as the BlockchainTM protocol used to support the BitcoinTM currency).
  • a ledger or similar transaction record which may comprise a structure where each successive member of a chain stores data for previous transactions, and a competition can be established to determine which of alternative data stored data structures is “best” (such as being most complete), can be stored across data collectors, industrial machines or components, data pools, data marketplaces, cloud computing elements, servers, and/or on the IT infrastructure of an enterprise (such as an owner, operator or host of an industrial environment or of the systems disclosed herein).
  • the ledger or transaction may be optimized by machine learning, such as to provide storage efficiency, security, redundancy, or the like.
  • the cognitive data marketplace 4102 may use a secure architecture for tracking and resolving transactions, such as a distributed ledger 4004, wherein transactions in data packages are tracked in a chained, distributed data structure, such as a BlockchainTM, allowing forensic analysis and validation where individual devices store a portion of the ledger representing transactions in data packages.
  • the distributed ledger 4004 may be distributed to IoT devices, to data pools 4020, to data collection systems 102, and the like, so that transaction information can be verified without reliance on a single, central repository of information.
  • the transaction system 4114 may be configured to store data in the distributed ledger 4004 and to retrieve data from it (and from constituent devices) in order to resolve transactions.
  • a distributed ledger 4004 for handling transactions in data such as for packages of IoT data
  • the self-organizing storage system 4028 may be used for optimizing storage of distributed ledger data, as well as for organizing storage of packages of data, such as IoT data, that can be presented in the marketplace 4102.
  • Network sensitivity can include awareness of the price of data transport (such as allowing the system to pull or push data during off-peak periods or within the available parameters of paid data plans), the quality of the network (such as to avoid periods where errors are likely), the quality of environmental conditions (such as delaying transmission until signal quality is good, such as when a collector emerges from a shielded environment, avoiding wasting use of power when seeking a signal when shielded, such as by large metal structures typically of industrial environments), and the like.
  • a remotely organized universal data collector that can power up and down sensor interfaces based on need and/or conditions identified in an industrial data collection environment.
  • interfaces can recognize what sensors are available and interfaces and/or processors can be turned on to take input from such sensors, including hardware interfaces that allow the sensors to plug in to the data collector, wireless data interfaces (such as where the collector can ping the sensor, optionally providing some power via an interrogation signal), and software interfaces (such as for handling particular types of data).
  • a collector that is capable of handling various kinds of data can be configured to adapt to the particular use in a given environment.
  • configuration may be automatic or under machine learning, which may improve configuration by optimizing parameters based on feedback measures over time.
  • Self-organizing storage may allocate storage based on application of machine learning, which may improve storage configuration based on feedback measure over time.
  • Storage may be optimized by configuring what datatypes are used (e.g., byte-like structures, structures representing fused data from multiple sensors, structures representing statistics or measures calculated by applying mathematical functions on data, and the like), by configuring compression, by configuring data storage duration, by configuring write strategies (such as by striping data across multiple storage devices, using protocols where one device stores instructions for other devices in a chain, and the like), and by configuring storage hierarchies, such as by providing pre-calculated intermediate statistics to facilitate more rapid access to frequently accessed data items.
  • highly intelligent storage systems may be configured and optimized, based on feedback, over time.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for self-organizing network coding for a multi-sensor data network, including self-organizing network coding for a data network that transports data from multiple sensors in an industrial data collection environment.
  • Network coding including random linear network coding, can enable highly efficient and reliable transport of large amounts of data over various kinds of networks.
  • Different network coding configurations can be selected, based on machine learning, to optimize network coding and other network transport characteristics based on network conditions, environmental conditions, and other factors, such as the nature of the data being transported, environmental conditions, operating conditions, and the like (including by training a network coding selection model over time based on feedback of measures of success, such as any of the measures described herein).
  • a platform having a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network.
  • a cognitive system may vary one or more parameters for networking, such as network type selection (e.g., selecting among available local, cellular, satellite, Wi-Fi, BluetoothTM, NFC, Zigbee® and other networks), network selection (such as selecting a specific network, such as one that is known to have desired security features), network coding selection (such as selecting a type of network coding for efficient transportl such as random linear network coding, fixed coding, and others]), network timing selection (such as configuring delivery based on network pricing conditions, traffic and the like), network feature selection (such as selecting cognitive features, security features, and the like), network conditions (such as network quality based on current environmental or operation conditions), network feature selection (such as enabling available authentication, permission and similar systems), network protocol selection (such as among HTTP, IP, TCP/IP, cellular, satellite, serial, packet, streaming, and many other protocols), and others.
  • network type selection e.g., selecting among available local,
  • the self-organizing networking system 4030 may vary combinations and permutations of these parameters while taking input from a learning feedback system 4012 such as using information from the analytic system 4018 about various measures of outcomes.
  • outcomes may include overall system measures, analytic success measures, and local performance indicators.
  • input from a learning feedback system 4012 may include information from various sensors and input sources 116, information from the state system 4020 about states (such as events, environmental conditions, operating conditions, and many others, or other information) or taking other inputs.
  • the self organizing networking system may find configurations that are well-adapted to the environment that is being monitored or controlled by the host system 112, such as the instance where one or more data collection systems 102 are located and that are well- adapted to emerging network conditions.
  • a self-organizing, network-condition- adaptive data collection system is provided.
  • a data collection system 102 may have one or more output interfaces and/or ports 4010. These may include network ports and connections, application programming interfaces, and the like.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for a haptic or multi-sensory user interface, including a wearable haptic or multi- sensory user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs.
  • an interface may, based on a data structure configured to support the interface, be set up to provide a user with input or feedback, such as based on data from sensors in the environment.
  • a fault condition based on a vibration data (such as resulting from a bearing being worn down, an axle being misaligned, or a resonance condition between machines) is detected, it can be presented in a haptic interface by vibration of an interface, such as shaking a wrist-wom device.
  • thermal data indicating overheating could be presented by warming or cooling a wearable device, such as while a worker is working on a machine and cannot necessarily look at a user interface.
  • electrical or magnetic data may be presented by a buzzing, and the like, such as to indicate presence of an open electrical connection or wire, etc.
  • a multi-sensory interface can intuitively help a user (such as a user with a wearable device) get a quick indication of what is going on in an environment, with the wearable interface having various modes of interaction that do not require a user to have eyes on a graphical UI, which may be difficult or impossible in many industrial environments where a user needs to keep an eye on the environment.
  • a platform having a wearable haptic user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs.
  • a haptic user interface 4302 is provided as an output for a data collection system 102, such as a system for handling and providing information for vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs, such as to one or more components of the data collection system 102 or to another system, such as a wearable device, mobile phone, or the like.
  • a data collection system 102 may be provided in a form factor suitable for delivering haptic input to a user, such as vibration, warming or cooling, buzzing, or the like, such as input disposed in headgear, an armband, a wristband or watch, a belt, an item of clothing, a uniform, or the like.
  • data collection systems 102 may be integrated with gear, uniforms, equipment, or the like worn by users, such as individuals responsible for operating or monitoring an industrial environment.
  • signals from various sensors or input sources (or selective combinations, permutations, mixes, and the like, as managed by one or more of the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014) may trigger haptic feedback.
  • the haptic interface may alert a user by warming up, or by sending a signal to another device (such as a mobile phone) to warm up. If a system is experiencing unusual vibrations, the haptic interface may vibrate.
  • a data collection system 102 may inform users of the need to attend to one or more devices, machines, or other factors (such as those in an industrial environment) without requiring them to read messages or divert their visual attention away from the task at hand.
  • the haptic interface, and selection of what outputs should be provided, may be considered in the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014.
  • user behavior (such as responses to inputs) may be monitored and analyzed in an analytic system 4018, and feedback may be provided through the learning feedback system 4012, so that signals may be provided based on the right collection or package of sensors and inputs, at the right time and in the right manner, to optimize the effectiveness of the haptic system 4202.
  • This may include rule-based or model-based feedback (such as providing outputs that correspond in some logical fashion to the source data that is being conveyed).
  • a cognitive haptic system may be provided, where selection of inputs or triggers for haptic feedback, selection of outputs, timing, intensity levels, durations, and other parameters (or weights applied to them) may be varied in a process of variation, promotion, and selection (such as using genetic programming) with feedback based on real world responses to feedback in actual situations or based on results of simulation and testing of user behavior.
  • an adaptive haptic interface for a data collection system 102 is provided, which may learn and adapt feedback to satisfy requirements and to optimize the impact on user behavior, such as for overall system outcomes, data collection outcomes, analytic outcomes, and the like.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for a presentation layer for AR/VR industrial glasses, where heat map elements are presented based on patterns and/or parameters in collected data.
  • Methods and systems are disclosed herein for condition- sensitive, self-organized tuning of AR/VR interfaces based on feedback metrics and/or training in industrial environments.
  • any of the data, measures, and the like described throughout this disclosure can be presented by visual elements, overlays, and the like for presentation in the AR/VR interfaces, such as in industrial glasses, on AR/VR interfaces on smart phones or tablets, on AR/VR interfaces on data collectors (which may be embodied in smart phones or tablets), on displays located on machines or components, and/or on displays located in industrial environments.
  • a platform having heat maps displaying collected data for AR/VR.
  • a platform is provided having heat maps 4204 displaying collected data from a data collection system 102 for providing input to an AR/VR interface 4208.
  • the heat map interface 4304 is provided as an output for a data collection system 102, such as for handling and providing information for visualization of various sensor data and other data (such as map data, analog sensor data, and other data), such as to one or more components of the data collection system 102 or to another system, such as a mobile device, tablet, dashboard, computer, AR/VR device, or the like.
  • a data collection system 102 may be provided in a form factor suitable for delivering visual input to a user, such as the presentation of a map that includes indicators of levels of analog and digital sensor data (such as data indicating levels of rotation, vibration, heating or cooling, pressure, and many other conditions).
  • data collection systems 102 may be integrated with equipment, or the like that are used by individuals responsible for operating or monitoring an industrial environment.
  • signals from various sensors or input sources (or selective combinations, permutations, mixes, and the like, as managed by one or more of the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014) may provide input data to a heat map.
  • Coordinates may include real world location coordinates (such as geo location or location on a map of an environment), as well as other coordinates, such as time-based coordinates, frequency-based coordinates, or other coordinates that allow for representation of analog sensor signals, digital signals, input source information, and various combinations, in a map-based visualization, such that colors may represent varying levels of input along the relevant dimensions. For example, if a nearby industrial machine is overheating, the heat map interface may alert a user by showing a machine in bright red. If a system is experiencing unusual vibrations, the heat map interface may show a different color for a visual element for the machine, or it may cause an icon or display element representing the machine to vibrate in the interface, calling attention to the element.
  • real world location coordinates such as geo location or location on a map of an environment
  • other coordinates such as time-based coordinates, frequency-based coordinates, or other coordinates that allow for representation of analog sensor signals, digital signals, input source information, and various combinations, in a map-based visualization, such that colors
  • a data collection system 102 may inform users of the need to attend to one or more devices, machines, or other factors, such as those in an industrial environment, without requiring them to read text-based messages or input.
  • the heat map interface, and selection of what outputs should be provided, may be considered in the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014.
  • user behavior (such as responses to inputs or displays) may be monitored and analyzed in an analytic system 4018, and feedback may be provided through the learning feedback system 4012, so that signals may be provided based on the right collection or package of sensors and inputs, at the right time and in the right manner, to optimize the effectiveness of the heat map UI 4304.
  • This may include rule-based or model-based feedback (such as feedback providing outputs that correspond in some logical fashion to the source data that is being conveyed).
  • a cognitive heat map system may be provided, where selection of inputs or triggers for heat map displays, selection of outputs, colors, visual representation elements, timing, intensity levels, durations and other parameters (or weights applied to them) may be varied in a process of variation, promotion and selection (such as selection using genetic programming) with feedback based on real world responses to feedback in actual situations or based on results of simulation and testing of user behavior.
  • an adaptive heat map interface for a data collection system 102, or data collected thereby 102, or data handled by a host processing system 112 is provided, which may leam and adapt feedback to satisfy requirements and to optimize the impact on user behavior and reaction, such as for overall system outcomes, data collection outcomes, analytic outcomes, and the like.
  • a platform having automatically tuned AR/VR visualization of data collected by a data collector.
  • a platform is provided having an automatically tuned AR/VR visualization system 4308 for visualization of data collected by a data collection system 102, such as the case where the data collection system 102 has an AR/VR interface 4208 or provides input to an AR/VR interface 4308 (such as a mobile phone positioned in a virtual reality or AR headset, a set of AR glasses, or the like).
  • the AR/VR system 4308 is provided as an output interface of a data collection system 102, such as a system for handling and providing information for visualization of various sensor data and other data (such as map data, analog sensor data, and other data), such as to one or more components of the data collection system 102 or to another system, such as a mobile device, tablet, dashboard, computer, AR/VR device, or the like.
  • a data collection system 102 such as a system for handling and providing information for visualization of various sensor data and other data (such as map data, analog sensor data, and other data), such as to one or more components of the data collection system 102 or to another system, such as a mobile device, tablet, dashboard, computer, AR/VR device, or the like.
  • a data collection system 102 may be provided in a form factor suitable for delivering AR or VR visual, auditory, or other sensory input to a user, such as by presenting one or more displays such as 3D-realistic visualizations, objects, maps, camera overlays, or other overlay elements, maps and the like that include or correspond to indicators of levels of analog and digital sensor data (such as data indicating levels of rotation, vibration, heating or cooling, pressure and many other conditions, to input sources 116, or the like).
  • data collection systems 102 may be integrated with equipment, or the like that are used by individuals responsible for operating or monitoring an industrial environment.
  • signals from various sensors or input sources may provide input data to populate, configure, modify, or otherwise determine the AR/VR element.
  • Visual elements may include a wide range of icons, map elements, menu elements, sliders, toggles, colors, shapes, sizes, and the like, for representation of analog sensor signals, digital signals, input source information, and various combinations.
  • colors, shapes, and sizes of visual overlay elements may represent varying levels of input along the relevant dimensions for a sensor or combination of sensors.
  • an AR element may alert a user by showing an icon representing that type of machine in flashing red color in a portion of the display of a pair of AR glasses.
  • a virtual reality interface showing visualization of the components of the machine may show a vibrating component in a highlighted color, with motion, or the like, to ensure the component stands out in a virtual reality environment being used to help a user monitor or service the machine. Clicking, touching, moving eyes toward, or otherwise interacting with a visual element in an AR/VR interface may allow a user to drilldown and see underlying sensor or input data that is used as an input to the display.
  • a data collection system 102 may inform users of the need to attend to one or more devices, machines, or other factors (such as in an industrial environment), without requiring them to read text-based messages or input or divert attention from the applicable environment (whether it is a real environment with AR features or a virtual environment, such as for simulation, training, or the like).
  • the AR/VR output interface 4208 and selection and configuration of what outputs or displays should be provided, may be handled in the cognitive input selection systems 4004, 4014.
  • user behavior (such as responses to inputs or displays) may be monitored and analyzed in an analytic system 4018, and feedback may be provided through the learning feedback system 4012, so that AR/VR display signals may be provided based on the right collection or package of sensors and inputs, at the right time and in the right manner, to optimize the effectiveness of the AR/VR UI 4308.
  • This may include rule-based or model-based feedback (such as providing outputs that correspond in some logical fashion to the source data that is being conveyed).
  • a cognitively tuned AR/VR interface control system 4308 may be provided, where selection of inputs or triggers for AR/VR display elements, selection of outputs (such as colors, visual representation elements, timing, intensity levels, durations and other parameters [or weights applied to them]) and other parameters of a VR/AR environment may be varied in a process of variation, promotion and selection (such as the use of genetic programming) with feedback based on real world responses in actual situations or based on results of simulation and testing of user behavior.
  • an adaptive, tuned AR/VR interface for a data collection system 102, or data collected thereby 102, or data handled by a host processing system 112 is provided, which may leam and adapt feedback to satisfy requirements and to optimize the impact on user behavior and reaction, such as for overall system outcomes, data collection outcomes, analytic outcomes, and the like.
  • methods and systems are disclosed herein for continuous ultrasonic monitoring, including providing continuous ultrasonic monitoring of rotating elements and bearings of an energy production facility.
  • Embodiments include using continuous ultrasonic monitoring of an industrial environment as a source for a cloud- deployed pattern recognizer.
  • Embodiments include using continuous ultrasonic monitoring to provide updated state information to a state machine that is used as an input to a cloud-deployed pattern recognizer.
  • Embodiments include making available continuous ultrasonic monitoring information to a user based on a policy declared in a policy engine.
  • Embodiments include storing continuous ultrasonic monitoring data with other data in a fused data structure on an industrial sensor device.
  • Embodiments include making a stream of continuous ultrasonic monitoring data from an industrial environment available as a service from a data marketplace.
  • Embodiments include feeding a stream of continuous ultrasonic monitoring data into a self-organizing data pool.
  • Embodiments include training a machine learning model to monitor a continuous ultrasonic monitoring data stream where the model is based on a training set created from human analysis of such a data stream, and is improved based on data collected on performance in an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include a swarm of data collectors that include at least one data collector for continuous ultrasonic monitoring of an industrial environment and at least one other type of data collector.
  • Embodiments include using a distributed ledger to store time-series data from continuous ultrasonic monitoring across multiple devices.
  • Embodiments include collecting a stream of continuous ultrasonic data in a self-organizing data collector, a network-sensitive data collector, a remotely organized data collector, a data collector having self-organized storage and the like.
  • Embodiments include using self organizing network coding to transport a stream of ultrasonic data collected from an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include conveying an indicator of a parameter of a continuously collected ultrasonic data stream via an interface where the interface is one of a sensory interface of a wearable device, a heat map visual interface of a wearable device, an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer, and the like.
  • the interface is one of a sensory interface of a wearable device, a heat map visual interface of a wearable device, an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer, and the like.
  • methods and systems are disclosed herein for cloud-based, machine pattern recognition based on fusion of remote analog industrial sensors.
  • Embodiments include taking input from a plurality of analog sensors disposed in an industrial environment, multiplexing the sensors into a multiplexed data stream, feeding the data stream into a cloud-deployed machine learning facility, and training a model of the machine learning facility to recognize a defined pattern associated with the industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include using a cloud-based pattern recognizer on input states from a state machine that characterizes states of an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include deploying policies by a policy engine that govern what data can be used by what users and for what purpose in cloud-based, machine learning.
  • Embodiments include using a cloud-based platform to identify patterns in data across a plurality of data pools that contain data published from industrial sensors.
  • Embodiments include training a model to identify preferred sensor sets to diagnose a condition of an industrial environment, where a training set is created by a human user and the model is improved based on feedback from data collected about conditions in an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include a swarm of data collectors that is governed by a policy that is automatically propagated through the swarm. Embodiments include using a distributed ledger to store sensor fusion information across multiple devices. Embodiments include feeding input from a set of data collectors into a cloud-based pattern recognizer that uses data from multiple sensors for an industrial environment.
  • the data collectors may be self organizing data collectors, network-sensitive data collectors, remotely organized data collectors, a set of data collectors having self-organized storage, and the like.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with self organizing network coding for data transport of data fused from multiple sensors in the environment.
  • Embodiments include conveying information formed by fusing inputs from multiple sensors in an industrial data collection system in an interface such as a multi- sensory interface, a heat map interface, an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer, and the like.
  • Embodiments include using a policy engine to determine what state information can be used for cloud-based machine analysis.
  • Embodiments include feeding inputs from multiple devices that have fused and on-device storage of multiple sensor streams into a cloud-based pattern recognizer to determine an anticipated state of an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include making an output, such as anticipated state information, from a cloud-based machine pattern recognizer that analyzes fused data from remote, analog industrial sensors available as a data service in a data marketplace.
  • Embodiments include using a cloud-based pattern recognizer to determine an anticipated state of an industrial environment based on data collected from data pools that contain streams of information from machines in the environment.
  • Embodiments include training a model to identify preferred state information to diagnose a condition of an industrial environment, where a training set is created by a human user and the model is improved based on feedback from data collected about conditions in an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include a swarm of data collectors that feeds a state machine that maintains current state information for an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include using a distributed ledger to store historical state information for fused sensor states a self-organizing data collector that feeds a state machine that maintains current state information for an industrial environment.
  • Embodiments include a data collector that feeds a state machine that maintains current state information for an industrial environment where the data collector may be a network sensitive data collector, a remotely organized data collector, a data collector with self- organized storage, and the like.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with self-organizing network coding for data transport and maintains anticipated state information for the environment.
  • Embodiments include conveying anticipated state information determined by machine learning in an industrial data collection system in an interface where the interface may be one or more of a multisensory interface, a heat map interface an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer, and the like.
  • policies can relate to data usage to an on-device storage system that stores fused data from multiple industrial sensors, or what data can be provided to whom in a self-organizing marketplace for IoT sensor data.
  • Policies can govern how a self-organizing swarm or data collector should be organized for a particular industrial environment, how a network-sensitive data collector should use network bandwidth for a particular industrial environment, how a remotely organized data collector should collect, and make available, data relating to a specified industrial environment, or how a data collector should self-organize storage for a particular industrial environment.
  • Policies can be deployed across a set of self-organizing pools of data that contain data streamed from industrial sensing devices to govern use of data from the pools or stored on a device that governs use of storage capabilities of the device for a distributed ledger.
  • Embodiments include training a model to determine what policies should be deployed in an industrial data collection system.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with a policy engine for deploying policy within the system and, optionally, self-organizing network coding for data transport, wherein in certain embodiments, a policy applies to how data will be presented in a multi-sensory interface, a heat map visual interface, or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include a self-organizing marketplace that presents fused sensor data that is extracted from on-device storage of IoT devices.
  • Embodiments include streaming fused sensor information from multiple industrial sensors and from an on-device data storage facility to a data pool.
  • Embodiments include training a model to determine what data should be stored on a device in a data collection environment.
  • Embodiments include a self-organizing swarm of industrial data collectors that organize among themselves to optimize data collection, where at least some of the data collectors have on- device storage of fused data from multiple sensors.
  • Embodiments include storing distributed ledger information with fused sensor information on an industrial IoT device.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection with on-device sensor fusion, such as of industrial sensor data and, optionally, self-organizing network coding for data transport, where data structures are stored to support alternative, multi-sensory modes of presentation, visual heat map modes of presentation, and/or an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include organizing a set of data pools in a self-organizing data marketplace based on utilization metrics for the data pools.
  • Embodiments include training a model to determine pricing for data in a data marketplace. The data marketplace is fed with data streams from a self-organizing swarm of industrial data collectors, a set of industrial data collectors that have self-organizing storage, or self-organizing, network-sensitive, or remotely organized industrial data collectors.
  • Embodiments include using a distributed ledger to store transactional data for a self-organizing marketplace for industrial IoT data.
  • Embodiments include using self-organizing network coding for data transport to a marketplace for sensor data collected in industrial environments.
  • Embodiments include providing a library of data structures suitable for presenting data in alternative, multi-sensory interface modes in a data marketplace, in heat map visualization, and/or in interfaces that operate with self- organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • the pools contain data from self organizing data collectors.
  • Embodiments include training a model to present the most valuable data in a data marketplace, where training is based on industry-specific measures of success.
  • Embodiments include populating a set of self-organizing data pools with data from a self-organizing swarm of data collectors.
  • Embodiments include using a distributed ledger to store transactional information for data that is deployed in data pools, where the distributed ledger is distributed across the data pools.
  • Embodiments include populating a set of self-organizing data pools with data from a set of network-sensitive or remotely organized data collectors or a set of data collectors having self-organizing storage.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with self organizing pools for data storage and self-organizing network coding for data transport, such as a system that includes a source data structure for supporting data presentation in a multi-sensory interface, in a heat map interface, and/or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include training a swarm of data collectors, or data collectors, such as remotely organized, self-organizing, or network-sensitive data collectors, based on industry-specific feedback or network and industrial conditions in an industrial environment, such as to configure storage.
  • Embodiments include training an AI model to identify and use available storage locations in an industrial environment for storing distributed ledger information.
  • Embodiments include training a remote organizer for a remotely organized data collector based on industry-specific feedback measures.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with cloud- based training of a network coding model for organizing network coding for data transport or a facility that manages presentation of data in a multi-sensory interface, in a heat map interface, and/or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include deploying distributed ledger data structures across a swarm of data.
  • Data collectors may be network-sensitive data collectors configured for remote organization or have self-organizing storage.
  • Systems for data collection in an industrial environment with a swarm can include a self-organizing network coding for data transport.
  • Systems include swarms that relay information for use in a multi-sensory interface, in a heat map interface, and/or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include a self-organizing data collector that is configured to distribute collected information to a distributed ledger.
  • Embodiments include a network-sensitive data collector that is configured to distribute collected information to a distributed ledger based on network conditions.
  • Embodiments include a remotely organized data collector that is configured to distribute collected information to a distributed ledger based on intelligent, remote management of the distribution.
  • Embodiments include a data collector with self organizing local storage that is configured to distribute collected information to a distributed ledger.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment using a distributed ledger for data storage and self-organizing network coding for data transport, wherein data storage is of a data structure supporting a haptic interface for data presentation, a heat map interface for data presentation, and/or an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • data storage is of a data structure supporting a haptic interface for data presentation, a heat map interface for data presentation, and/or an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • methods and systems are disclosed herein for a self-organizing collector, including a self-organizing, multi-sensor data collector that can optimize data collection, power and/or yield based on conditions in its environment, and is optionally responsive to remote organization.
  • Embodiments include a self-organizing data collector that organizes at least in part based on network conditions.
  • Embodiments include a self organizing data collector with self-organizing storage for data collected in an industrial data collection environment.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with self-organizing data collection and self-organizing network coding for data transport.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with a self-organizing data collector that feeds a data structure supporting a haptic or multi-sensory wearable interface for data presentation, a heat map interface for data presentation, and/or an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • a network-sensitive collector including a network condition-sensitive, self-organizing, multi-sensor data collector that can optimize based on bandwidth, quality of service, pricing, and/or other network conditions.
  • Embodiments include a remotely organized, network condition- sensitive universal data collector that can power up and down sensor interfaces based on need and/or conditions identified in an industrial data collection environment, including network conditions.
  • Embodiments include a network-condition sensitive data collector with self-organizing storage for data collected in an industrial data collection environment.
  • Embodiments include a network-condition sensitive data collector with self-organizing network coding for data transport in an industrial data collection environment.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with a network-sensitive data collector that relays a data structure supporting a haptic wearable interface for data presentation, a heat map interface for data presentation, and/or an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include a remotely organized universal data collector with self-organizing storage for data collected in an industrial data collection environment.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with remote control of data collection and self- organizing network coding for data transport.
  • Embodiments include a remotely organized data collector for storing sensor data and delivering instructions for use of the data in a haptic or multi-sensory wearable interface, in a heat map visual interface, and/or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • Embodiments include a system for data collection in an industrial environment with self-organizing data storage and self organizing network coding for data transport.
  • Embodiments include a data collector with self-organizing storage for storing sensor data and instructions for translating the data for use in a haptic wearable interface, in a heat map presentation interface, and/or in an interface that operates with self-organized tuning of the interface layer.
  • methods and systems are disclosed herein for self-organizing network coding for a multi-sensor data network, including self-organizing network coding for a data network that transports data from multiple sensors in an industrial data collection environment.
  • the system includes a data structure supporting a haptic wearable interface for data presentation, a heat map interface for data presentation, and/or self-organized tuning of an interface layer for data presentation.
  • a haptic or multi- sensory user interface including a wearable haptic or multi-sensory user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs.
  • Embodiments include a wearable haptic user interface for conveying industrial state information from a data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs.
  • the wearable also has a visual presentation layer for presenting a heat map that indicates a parameter of the data.
  • Embodiments include condition-sensitive, self-organized tuning of AR/VR interfaces and multi-sensory interfaces based on feedback metrics and/or training in industrial environments.
  • Embodiments include condition-sensitive, self- organized tuning of a heat map AR/VR interface based on feedback metrics and/or training in industrial environments.
  • methods and systems are disclosed herein for condition-sensitive, self-organized tuning of AR/VR interfaces based on feedback metrics and/or training in industrial environments.
  • the data collection system mentioned in the following disclosure may be a local data collection system 102, a host processing system 112 (e.g., using a cloud platform), or a combination of a local system and a host system.
  • a data collection system or data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and, in some embodiments, having IP front-end-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio, multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features, the use of distributed CPLD chips with a dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections, high-amperage input capability using solid state relays and design topology, power-down capability of at least one of an analog sensor channel and of a component board, unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs, and/or precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having a phase-lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow- speed RPMs and phase information, digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers, a peak-detector for auto-scaling that is routed into a separate analog-to-digital converter for peak detection, the routing of a trigger channel that is either raw or buffered into other analog channels, the use of higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize AA filter requirements, and/or the use of a CPLD as a clock-divider for a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling.
  • an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having a phase-lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow- speed RPMs and phase information, digital derivation of phase relative
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having long blocks of data at a high-sampling rate, as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates, storage of calibration data with a maintenance history on-board card set, a rapid route creation capability using hierarchical templates, intelligent management of data collection bands, and/or a neural net expert system using intelligent management of data collection bands.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having use of a database hierarchy in sensor data analysis, an expert system GUI graphical approach to defining intelligent data collection bands and diagnoses for the expert system, a graphical approach for back-calculation definition, proposed bearing analysis methods, torsional vibration detection/analysis utilizing transitory signal analysis, and/or improved integration using both analog and digital methods.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring of analog data in a local environment, data acquisition parking features, a self-sufficient data acquisition box, SD card storage, extended onboard statistical capabilities for continuous monitoring, the use of ambient, local and vibration noise for prediction, smart route changes based on incoming data or alarms to enable simultaneous dynamic data for analysis or correlation, smart ODS and transfer functions, a hierarchical multiplexer, identification of sensor overload, and/or RF identification and an inclinometer.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of an analog crosspoint switch for collecting data having variable groups of analog sensor inputs and having continuous ultrasonic monitoring, cloud-based, machine pattern recognition based on the fusion of remote, analog industrial sensors, cloud-based, machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system, cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices, on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices, a self-organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data, self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics, training AI models based on industry-specific feedback, a self- organized swarm of industrial data collectors, an IoT distributed ledger, a self-organizing collector, a network-sensitive collector, a remotely organized collector, a self-organizing storage for a multi-sensor data collector, a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network, a wearable hap
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features; IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio; the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: high-amperage input capability using solid state relays and design topology; power-down capability of at least one analog sensor channel and of a component board; unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs; precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference; and a phase-lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow-speed RPMs and phase information.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers; a peak-detector for auto scaling that is routed into a separate analog-to-digital converter for peak detection; routing of a trigger channel that is either raw or buffered into other analog channels; the use of higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize AA filter requirements; and the use of a CPLD as a clock-divider for a delta- sigma analog-to-digital converter to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: long blocks of data at a high-sampling rate as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates; storage of calibration data with a maintenance history on-board card set; a rapid route creation capability using hierarchical templates; intelligent management of data collection bands; and a neural net expert system using intelligent management of data collection bands.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: use of a database hierarchy in sensor data analysis; an expert system GUI graphical approach to defining intelligent data collection bands and diagnoses for the expert system; and a graphical approach for back-calculation definition.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to- noise ratio and having at least one of: proposed bearing analysis methods; torsional vibration detection/analysis utilizing transitory signal ; improved integration using both analog and digital methods; adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring of analog data in a local environment; data acquisition parking features ; a self-sufficient data acquisition box; and SD card storage.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: extended onboard statistical capabilities for continuous monitoring; the use of ambient, local, and vibration noise for prediction; smart route changes based on incoming data or alarms to enable simultaneous dynamic data for analysis or correlation; smart ODS and transfer functions; and a hierarchical multiplexer.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: identification of sensor overload; RF identification and an inclinometer; continuous ultrasonic monitoring; machine pattern recognition based on the fusion of remote, analog industrial sensors; and cloud-based, machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices; on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices; a self-organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data; and self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: training AI models based on industry-specific feedback; a self- organized swarm of industrial data collectors; an IoT distributed ledger ; a self-organizing collector; and a network-sensitive collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having IP front-end signal conditioning on a multiplexer for improved signal-to-noise ratio and having at least one of: a remotely organized collector; a self-organizing storage for a multi-sensor data collector; a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network; a wearable haptic user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs; heat maps displaying collected data for AR/VR; and automatically tuned AR/VR visualization of data collected by a data collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections; high-amperage input capability using solid state relays and design topology; power-down capability of at least one of an analog sensor channel and/or of a component board; unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs; and precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a phase- lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow-speed RPMs and phase information; digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers; a peak-detector for auto-scaling that is routed into a separate analog-to-digital converter for peak detection; and routing of a trigger channel that is either raw or buffered into other analog channels.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: the use of higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize AA filter requirements; the use of a CPLD as a clock-divider for a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling; long blocks of data at a high-sampling rate as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates; storage of calibration data with a maintenance history on-board card set; and a rapid route creation capability using hierarchical templates.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: intelligent management of data collection bands; a neural net expert system using intelligent management of data collection bands; use of a database hierarchy in sensor data analysis; and an expert system GUI graphical approach to defining intelligent data collection bands and diagnoses for the expert system.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a graphical approach for back-calculation definition; proposed bearing analysis methods; torsional vibration detection/analysis utilizing transitory signal analysis; and improved integration using both analog and digital methods.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring of analog data in a local environment; data acquisition parking features; a self-sufficient data acquisition box; and SD card storage.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: extended onboard statistical capabilities for continuous monitoring; the use of ambient, local and vibration noise for prediction; smart route changes based on incoming data or alarms to enable simultaneous dynamic data for analysis or correlation; and smart ODS and transfer functions.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a hierarchical multiplexer; identification of sensor overload; RF identification, and an inclinometer; cloud-based, machine pattern recognition based on the fusion of remote, analog industrial sensors; and machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices; on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices; a self-organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data; self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics; and training AI models based on industry-specific feedback.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a self-organized swarm of industrial data collectors; an IoT distributed ledger; a self-organizing collector; a network-sensitive collector; and a remotely organized collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a self-organizing storage for a multi-sensor data collector; and a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having multiplexer continuous monitoring alarming features and having at least one of: a wearable haptic user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs; heat maps displaying collected data for AR/VR; and automatically tuned AR/VR visualization of data collected by a data collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having high-amperage input capability using solid state relays and design topology.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having power down capability of at least one of an analog sensor channel and of a component board.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a phase-lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow-speed RPMs and phase information.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a peak-detector for auto-scaling that is routed into a separate analog-to-digital converter for peak detection.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having routing of a trigger channel that is either raw or buffered into other analog channels.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having the use of higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize AA filter requirements.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having the use of a CPLD as a clock-divider for a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having long blocks of data at a high-sampling rate as opposed to multiple sets of data taken at different sampling rates.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having storage of calibration data with a maintenance history on-board card set.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a rapid route creation capability using hierarchical templates.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having intelligent management of data collection bands.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a neural net expert system using intelligent management of data collection bands.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having use of a database hierarchy in sensor data analysis.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having an expert system GUI graphical approach to defining intelligent data collection bands and diagnoses for the expert system.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a graphical approach for back-calculation definition.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having proposed bearing analysis methods.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having torsional vibration detection/analysis utilizing transitory signal analysis.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having improved integration using both analog and digital methods.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having adaptive scheduling techniques for continuous monitoring of analog data in a local environment.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having data acquisition parking features.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self-sufficient data acquisition box.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having SD card storage.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having extended onboard statistical capabilities for continuous monitoring.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having the use of ambient, local and vibration noise for prediction.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having smart route changes based on incoming data or alarms to enable simultaneous dynamic data for analysis or correlation.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having smart ODS and transfer functions.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a hierarchical multiplexer.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having identification of sensor overload.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having RF identification and an inclinometer.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having continuous ultrasonic monitoring.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having cloud-based, machine pattern recognition based on fusion of remote, analog industrial sensors.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having cloud-based, machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self-organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having training AI models based on industry-specific feedback.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self- organized swarm of industrial data collectors.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having an IoT distributed ledger.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self-organizing collector.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a network-sensitive collector.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a remotely organized collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self-organizing storage for a multi-sensor data collector.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having a wearable haptic user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs.
  • a data collection and processing system having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having heat maps displaying collected data for AR/VR.
  • a data collection and processing system is provided having the use of distributed CPLD chips with dedicated bus for logic control of multiple MUX and data acquisition sections and having automatically tuned AR/VR visualization of data collected by a data collector.
  • a data collection and processing system having one or more of high-amperage input capability using solid state relays and design topology, power-down capability of at least one of an analog sensor channel and of a component board, unique electrostatic protection for trigger and vibration inputs, precise voltage reference for A/D zero reference, a phase-lock loop band-pass tracking filter for obtaining slow-speed RPMs and phase information, digital derivation of phase relative to input and trigger channels using on-board timers, a peak-detector for auto-scaling that is routed into a separate analog-to-digital converter for peak detection, routing of a trigger channel that is either raw or buffered into other analog channels, the use of higher input oversampling for delta-sigma A/D for lower sampling rate outputs to minimize anti-aliasing (AA) filter requirements, the use of a CPLD as a clock-divider for a delta-sigma analog-to-digital converter to achieve lower sampling rates without the need for digital resampling
  • AA anti-aliasing
  • a platform having one or more of cloud-based, machine pattern recognition based on fusion of remote, analog industrial sensors, cloud- based, machine pattern analysis of state information from multiple analog industrial sensors to provide anticipated state information for an industrial system, a cloud-based policy automation engine for IoT, with creation, deployment, and management of IoT devices, on-device sensor fusion and data storage for industrial IoT devices, a self organizing data marketplace for industrial IoT data, self-organization of data pools based on utilization and/or yield metrics, training AI models based on industry-specific feedback, a self-organized swarm of industrial data collectors, an IoT distributed ledger, a self organizing collector, a network-sensitive collector, a remotely organized collector, a self organizing storage for a multi-sensor data collector, a self-organizing network coding for multi-sensor data network, a wearable haptic user interface for an industrial sensor data collector, with vibration, heat, electrical, and/or sound outputs, heat maps displaying collected data for
  • a range of existing data sensing and processing systems with industrial sensing, processing, and storage systems 4500 include a streaming data collector 4510 that may be configured to accept data in a range of formats as described herein.
  • the range of formats can include a data format A 4520, a data format B 4522, a data format C 4524, and a data format D 4528 that may be sourced from a range of sensors.
  • the range of sensors can include an instrument A 4540, an instrument B 4542, an instrument C 4544, and an instrument D 4548.
  • the streaming data collector 4510 may be configured with processing capabilities that enable access to the individual formats while leveraging the streaming, routing, self-organizing storage, and other capabilities described herein.
  • FIG. 15 depicts methods and systems 4600 for industrial machine sensor data streaming collection, processing, and storage that facilitate use of a streaming data collector 4610 to collect and obtain data from legacy instruments 4620 and streaming instruments 4622.
  • Legacy instruments 4620 and their data methodologies may capture and provide data that is limited in scope, due to the legacy systems and acquisition procedures, such as existing data methodologies described above herein, to a particular range of frequencies and the like.
  • the streaming data collector 4610 may be configured to capture streaming instrument data 4632 as well as legacy instrument data 4630.
  • the streaming data collector 4610 may also be configured to capture current streaming instruments 4620 and legacy instruments 4622 and sensors using current and legacy data methodologies. These embodiments may be useful in transition applications from the legacy instruments and processing to the streaming instruments and processing that may be current or desired instruments or methodologies.
  • the streaming data collector 4610 may be configured to process the legacy instrument data 4630 so that it can be stored compatibly with the streamed instrument data 4632.
  • the streaming data collector 4610 may process or parse the streamed instrument data 4632 based on the legacy instrument data 4630 to produce at least one extraction of the streamed data 4642 that is compatible with the legacy instrument data 4630 that can be processed into translated legacy data 4640.
  • extracted data 4650 that can include extracted portions of translated legacy data 4652 and streamed data 4654 may be stored in a format that facilitates access and processing by legacy instrument data processing and further processing that can emulate legacy instrument data processing methods, and the like.
  • the portions of the translated legacy data 4652 may also be stored in a format that facilitates processing with different methods that can take advantage of the greater frequencies, resolution, and volume of data possible with a streaming instrument.
  • FIG. 16 depicts alternate embodiments descriptive of methods and systems 4700 for industrial machine sensor data streaming, collection, processing, and storage that facilitate integration of legacy instruments and processing.
  • a streaming data collector 4710 may be connected with an industrial machine 4712 and may include a plurality of sensors, such as streaming sensors 4720 and 4722 that may be configured to sense aspects of the industrial machine 4712 associated with at least one moving part of the machine 4712.
  • the sensors 4720 and 4722 (or more) may communicate with one or more streaming devices 4740 that may facilitate streaming data from one or more of the sensors to the streaming data collector 4710.
  • the industrial machine 4712 may also interface with or include one or more legacy instruments 4730 that may capture data associated with one or more moving parts of the industrial machine 4712 and store that data into a legacy data storage facility 4732.
  • a frequency and/or resolution detection facility 4742 may be configured to facilitate detecting information about legacy instrument sourced data, such as a frequency range of the data or a resolution of the data, and the like.
  • the detection facility 4742 may operate on data directly from the legacy instruments 4730 or from data stored in a legacy storage facility 4732.
  • the detection facility 4742 may communicate information detected about the legacy instruments 4730, its sourced data, and its stored data 4732, or the like to the streaming data collector 4710.
  • the detection facility 4742 may access information, such as information about frequency ranges, resolution, and the like that characterizes the sourced data from the legacy instrument 4730 and/or may be accessed from a portion of the legacy storage facility 4732.
  • the streaming data collector 4710 may be configured with one or more automatic processors, algorithms, and/or other data methodologies to match up information captured by the one or more legacy instruments 4730 with a portion of data being provided by the one or more streaming devices 4740 from the one or more industrial machines 4712.
  • Data from streaming devices 4740 may include a wider range of frequencies and resolutions than the sourced data of legacy instruments 4730 and, therefore, filtering and other such functions can be implemented to extract data from the streaming devices 4740 that corresponds to the sourced data of the legacy instruments 4730 in aspects such as frequency range, resolution, and the like.
  • the configured streaming data collector 4710 may produce a plurality of streams of data, including a stream of data that may correspond to the stream of data from the streaming device 4740 and a separate stream of data that is compatible, in some aspects, with the legacy instrument sourced data and the infrastructure to ingest and automatically process it.
  • the streaming data collector 4710 may output data in modes other than as a stream, such as batches, aggregations, summaries, and the like.
  • Configured streaming data collector 4710 may communicate with a stream storage facility 4764 for storing at least one of the data outputs from the streaming device 4710 and data extracted therefrom that may be compatible, in some aspects, with the sourced data of the legacy instruments 4730.
  • a legacy compatible output of the configured streaming data collector 4710 may also be provided to a format adaptor facility 4748, 4760 that may configure, adapt, reformat, and make other adjustments to the legacy compatible data so that it can be stored in a legacy compatible storage facility 4762 so that legacy processing facilities 4744 may execute data processing methods on data in the legacy compatible storage facility 4762 and the like that are configured to process the sourced data of the legacy instruments 4730.
  • legacy processing facility 4744 may also automatically process this data after optionally being processed by format adaptor 4760.
  • format adaptor 4760 By arranging the data collection, streaming, processing, formatting, and storage elements to provide data in a format that is fully compatible with legacy instrument sourced data, transition from a legacy system can be simplified, and the sourced data from legacy instruments can be easily compared to newly acquired data (with more content) without losing the legacy value of the sourced data from the legacy instruments 4730.
  • FIG. 17 depicts alternate embodiments of the methods and systems 4800 described herein for industrial machine sensor data streaming, collection, processing, and storage that may be compatible with legacy instrument data collection and processing.
  • processing industrial machine sensed data may be accomplished in a variety of ways including aligning legacy and streaming sources of data, such as by aligning stored legacy and streaming data; aligning stored legacy data with a stream of sensed data; and aligning legacy and streamed data as it is being collected.
  • an industrial machine 4810 may include, communicate with, or be integrated with one or more stream data sensors 4820 that may sense aspects of the industrial machine 4810 such as aspects of one or more moving parts of the machine.
  • the industrial machine 4810 may also communicate with, include, or be integrated with one or more legacy data sensors 4830 that may sense similar aspects of the industrial machine 4810.
  • the one or more legacy data sensors 4830 may provide sensed data to one or more legacy data collectors 4840.
  • the stream data sensors 4820 may produce an output that encompasses all aspects of (i.e., a richer signal) and is compatible with sensed data from the legacy data sensors 4830.
  • the stream data sensors 4820 may provide compatible data to the legacy data collector 4840.
  • the stream data sensors 4820 may replace (or serve as suitable duplicate for) one or more legacy data sensors, such as during an upgrade of the sensing and processing system of an industrial machine.
  • Frequency range, resolution, and the like may be mimicked by the stream data so as to ensure that all forms of legacy data are captured or can be derived from the stream data.
  • format conversion, if needed, can also be performed by the stream data sensors 4820.
  • the stream data sensors 4820 may also produce an alternate data stream that is suitable for collection by the stream data collector 4850.
  • such an alternate data stream may be a superset of the legacy data sensor data in at least one or more of: frequency range, resolution, duration of sensing the data, and the like.
  • an industrial machine sensed data processing facility 4860 may execute a wide range of sensed data processing methods, some of which may be compatible with the data from legacy data sensors 4830 and may produce outputs that may meet legacy sensed data processing requirements.
  • legacy and stream data may need to be aligned so that a compatible portion of stream data may be extracted for processing with legacy compatible methods and the like.
  • Figure 17 depicts three different techniques for aligning stream data to legacy data.
  • a first alignment methodology 4862 includes aligning legacy data output by the legacy data collector 4840 with stream data output by the stream data collector 4850.
  • aspects of the data may be detected, such as resolution, frequency, duration, and the like, and may be used as control for a processing method that identifies portions of a stream of data from the stream data collector 4850 that are purposely compatible with the legacy data.
  • the processing facility 4860 may apply one or more legacy compatible methods on the identified portions of the stream data to extract data that can be easily compared to or referenced against the legacy data.
  • a second alignment methodology 4864 may involve aligning streaming data with data from a legacy storage facility 4882.
  • a third alignment methodology 4868 may involve aligning stored stream data from a stream storage facility 4884 with legacy data from the legacy data storage facility 4882.
  • alignment data may be determined by processing the legacy data to detect aspects such as resolution, duration, frequency range, and the like.
  • alignment may be performed by an alignment facility, such as facilities using methodologies 4862, 4864, 4868 that may receive or may be configured with legacy data descriptive information such as legacy frequency range, duration, resolution, and the like.
  • an industrial machine sensing data processing facility 4860 may have access to legacy compatible methods and algorithms that may be stored in a legacy data methodology storage facility 4880. These methodologies, algorithms, or other data in the legacy algorithm storage facility 4880 may also be a source of alignment information that could be communicated by the industrial machine sensed data processing facility 4860 to the various alignment facilities having methodologies 4862, 4864, 4868.
  • the data processing facility 4860 may facilitate processing legacy data, streamed data that is compatible with legacy data, or portions of streamed data that represent the legacy data to produce legacy compatible analytics.
  • the data processing facility 4860 may execute a wide range of other sensed data processing methods, such as wavelet derivations and the like, to produce streamed data analytics 4892.
  • the streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 ( Figures 3, 6, 14, 15, 16) or data processing facility 4860 may include portable algorithms, methodologies, and inputs that may be defined and extracted from data streams.
  • a user or enterprise may already have existing and effective methods related to analyzing specific pieces of machinery and assets. These existing methods could be imported into the configured streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 or the data processing facility 4860 as portable algorithms or methodologies.
  • Data processing such as described herein for the configured streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 may also match an algorithm or methodology to a situation, then extract data from a stream to match to the data methodology from the legacy acquisition or legacy acquisition techniques.
  • the streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 may be compatible with many types of systems and may be compatible with systems having varying degrees of criticality.
  • An industrial machine may be a gas compressor.
  • a gas compressor may operate an oil pump on a very large turbo machine, such as a very large turbo machine that includes 10,000 HP motors.
  • the oil pump may be a highly critical system as its failure could cause an entire plant to shut down.
  • the gas compressor in this example may run four stages at a very high frequency, such as 36,000 RPM, and may include tilt pad bearings that ride on an oil film.
  • the oil pump in this example may have roller bearings, such that if an anticipated failure is not being picked up by a user, the oil pump may stop running, and the entire turbo machine would fail.
  • the streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 may collect data related to vibrations, such as casing vibration and proximity probe vibration.
  • Other bearings industrial machine examples may include generators, power plants, boiler feed pumps, fans, forced draft fans, induced draft fans, and the like.
  • the streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 for a bearings system used in the industrial gas industry may support predictive analysis on the motors, such as that performed by model-based expert systems - for example, using voltage, current, and vibration as analysis metrics.
  • Another exemplary industrial machine deployment may be a motor and the streaming data collector 102, 4510, 4610, 4710 that may assist in the analysis of a motor by collecting voltage and current data on the motor, for example.
  • Model-based systems may integrate with proximity probes. Proximity probes may be used to sense problems with machinery and shut machinery down due to sensed problems. A model-based system integrated with proximity probes may measure a peak waveform and send a signal that shuts down machinery based on the peak waveform measurement.
  • HVAC equipment enterprises in particular may be concerned with data related to ultrasound, vibration, IR, and the like, and may get much more information about machine performance related to these metrics using the methods and systems of industrial machine sensed data streaming collection than from legacy systems.
  • Methods and systems described herein for industrial machine sensor data streaming, collection, processing, and storage may be configured to operate and integrate with existing data collection, processing and storage systems and may include a method for capturing a plurality of streams of sensed data from sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine; at least one of the streams containing a plurality of frequencies of data.
  • the method may include identifying a subset of data in at least one of the multiple streams that corresponds to data representing at least one predefined frequency.
  • the at least one predefined frequency is represented by a set of data collected from alternate sensors deployed to monitor aspects of the industrial machine associated with the at least one moving part of the machine.
  • the method may further include processing the identified data with a data processing facility that processes the identified data with data methodologies configured to be applied to the set of data collected from alternate sensors. Lastly, the method may include storing the at least one of the streams of data, the identified subset of data, and a result of processing the identified data in an electronic data set.
  • the methods and systems may include a method for applying data captured from sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine, the data captured with predefined lines of resolution covering a predefined frequency range, to a frequency matching facility that identifies a subset of data streamed from other sensors deployed to monitor aspects of the industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine, the streamed data comprising a plurality of lines of resolution and frequency ranges, the subset of data identified corresponding to the lines of resolution and predefined frequency range.
  • This method may include storing the subset of data in an electronic data record in a format that corresponds to a format of the data captured with predefined lines of resolution, and signaling to a data processing facility the presence of the stored subset of data.
  • This method may optionally include processing the subset of data with at least one of algorithms, methodologies, models, and pattern recognizers that corresponds to algorithms, methodologies, models, and pattern recognizers associated with processing the data captured with predefined lines of resolution covering a predefined frequency range
  • the methods and systems may include a method for identifying a subset of streamed sensor data.
  • the sensor data is captured from sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine.
  • the subset of streamed sensor data is at predefined lines of resolution for a predefined frequency range.
  • the method includes establishing a first logical route for communicating electronically between a first computing facility performing the identifying and a second computing facility.
  • the identified subset of the streamed sensor data is communicated exclusively over the established first logical route when communicating the subset of streamed sensor data from the first facility to the second facility.
  • This method may further include establishing a second logical route for communicating electronically between the first computing facility and the second computing facility for at least one portion of the streamed sensor data that is not the identified subset.
  • This method may further include establishing a third logical route for communicating electronically between the first computing facility and the second computing facility for at least one portion of the streamed sensor data that includes the identified subset and at least one other portion of the data not represented by the identified subset.
  • the methods and systems may include a first data sensing and processing system that captures first data from a first set of sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine, the first data covering a set of lines of resolution and a frequency range.
  • This system may include a second data sensing and processing system that captures and streams a second set of data from a second set of sensors deployed to monitor aspects of the industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine, the second data covering a plurality of lines of resolution that includes the set of lines of resolution and a plurality of frequencies that includes the frequency range.
  • the system may enable: (1) selecting a portion of the second data that corresponds to the set of lines of resolution and the frequency range of the first data; and (2) processing the selected portion of the second data with the first data sensing and processing system.
  • the methods and systems may include a method for automatically processing a portion of a stream of sensed data.
  • the sensed data received from a first set of sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine in response to an electronic data structure that facilitates extracting a subset of the stream of sensed data that corresponds to a set of sensed data received from a second set of sensors deployed to monitor the aspects of the industrial machine associated with the at least one moving part of the machine.
  • the set of sensed data is constrained to a frequency range.
  • the stream of sensed data includes a range of frequencies that exceeds the frequency range of the set of sensed data.
  • the processing comprises executing data methodologies on a portion of the stream of sensed data that is constrained to the frequency range of the set of sensed data.
  • the data methodologies are configured to process the set of sensed data.
  • the methods and systems may include a method for receiving first data from sensors deployed to monitor aspects of an industrial machine associated with at least one moving part of the machine. This method may further include: (1) detecting at least one of a frequency range and lines of resolution represented by the first data, and (2) receiving a stream of data from sensors deployed to monitor the aspects of the industrial machine associated with the at least one moving part of the machine.
  • the stream of data includes: a plurality of frequency ranges and a plurality of lines of resolution that exceeds the frequency range and the lines of resolution represented by the first data; extracting a set of data from the stream of data that corresponds to at least one of the frequency range and the lines of resolution represented by the first data; and processing the extracted set of data with a data processing method that is configured to process data within the frequency range and within the lines of resolution of the first data.
  • the methods and systems disclosed herein may include, connect to, or be integrated with a data acquisition instrument and in the many embodiments, Figure 18 shows methods and systems 5000 that includes a data acquisition (DAQ) streaming instrument 5002 also known as an SDAQ.
  • DAQ data acquisition
  • output from sensors 5010, 5012, 5014 may be of various types including vibration, temperature, pressure, ultrasound and so on.
  • one of the sensors may be used.
  • many of the sensors may be used and their signals may be used individually or in predetermined combinations and/or at predetermined intervals, circumstances, setups, and the like.
  • the output signals from the sensors 5010, 5012, 5014 may be fed into instrument inputs 5020, 5022, 5024 of the DAQ instrument 5002 and may be configured with additional streaming capabilities 5028.
  • the output signals from the sensors 5010, 5012, 5014, or more as applicable may be conditioned as an analog signal before digitization with respect to at least scaling and filtering. The signals may then be digitized by an analog-to-digital converter 5030.
  • the signals received from all relevant channels may be simultaneously sampled at a predetermined rate sufficient to perform the maximum desired frequency analysis that may be adjusted and readjusted as needed or otherwise held constant to ensure compatibility or conformance with other relevant datasets.
  • the signals are sampled for a relatively long time and gap-free as one continuous stream so as to enable further post processing at lower sampling rates with sufficient individual sampling.
  • data may be streamed from a collection of points and then the next set of data may be collected from additional points according to a prescribed sequence, route, path, or the like.
  • the sensors 5010, 5012, 5014 or more may be moved to the next location according to the prescribed sequence, route, pre arranged configurations, or the like.
  • not all of the sensor 5010, 5012, 5014 may move and therefore some may remain fixed in place and used for detection of reference phase or the like.
  • a multiplex (mux) 5032 may be used to switch to the next collection of points, to a mixture of the two methods or collection patterns that may be combined, other predetermined routes, and the like.
  • the multiplexer 5032 may be stackable so as to be laddered and effectively accept more channels than the DAQ instrument 5002 provides.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may provide eight channels while the multiplexer 5032 may be stacked to supply 32 channels. Further variations are possible with one more multiplexers.
  • the multiplexer 5032 may be fed into the DAQ instrument 5002 through an instrument input 5034.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may include a controller 5038 that may take the form of an onboard controller, a PC, other connected devices, network based services, and combinations thereof.
  • the sequence and panel conditions used to govern the data collection process may be obtained from the multimedia probe (MMP) and probe control, sequence and analytical (PCSA) information store 5040.
  • the information store 5040 may be onboard the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • contents of the information store 5040 may be obtained through a cloud network facility, from other DAQ instruments, from other connected devices, from the machine being sensed, other relevant sources, and combinations thereof.
  • the information store 5040 may include such items as the hierarchical structural relationships of the machine, e.g., a machine contains predetermined pieces of equipment, each of which may contain one or more shafts and each of those shafts may have multiple associated bearings.
  • Each of those types of bearings may be monitored by specific types of transducers or probes, according to one or more specific prescribed sequences (paths, routes, and the like) and with one or more specific panel conditions that may be set on the one or more DAQ instruments 5002.
  • the panel conditions may include hardware specific switch settings or other collection parameters.
  • collection parameters include but are not limited to a sampling rate, AC/DC coupling, voltage range and gain, integration, high and low pass filtering, anti-aliasing filtering, ICPTM transducers and other integrated-circuit piezoelectric transducers, 4-20 mA loop sensors, and the like.
  • the information store 5040 may also include machinery specific features that may be important for proper analysis such as gear teeth for a gear, number blades in a pump impeller, number of motor rotor bars, bearing specific parameters necessary for calculating bearing frequencies, revolution per minutes information of all rotating elements and multiples of those RPM ranges, and the like. Information in the information store may also be used to extract stream data 5050 for permanent storage.
  • digitized waveforms may be uploaded using DAQ driver services 5054 of a driver onboard the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • data may then be fed into a raw data server 5058 which may store the stream data 5050 in a stream data repository 5060.
  • this data storage area is typically meant for storage until the data is copied off of the DAQ instrument 5002 and verified.
  • the DAQ API 5052 may also direct the local data control application 5062 to extract and process the recently obtained stream data 5050 and convert it to the same or lower sampling rates of sufficient length to effect one or more desired resolutions.
  • this data may be converted to spectra, averaged, and processed in a variety of ways and stored, at least temporarily, as extracted/processed (EP) data 5064.
  • EP extracted/processed
  • sampling frequency is related directly to an external frequency (typically the running speed of the machine or its local componentry) rather than the more-standard sampling rates employed by the internal crystals, clock functions, or the like of the DAQ instrument (e.g., values of Fmax of 100, 200, 500, IK, 2K, 5K, 10K, 20K, and so on).
  • the extract/process (EP) align module 5068 of the local data control application 5062 may be able to fractionally adjust the sampling rates to these non integer ratio rates satisfying an important requirement for making data compatible with legacy systems.
  • fractional rates may also be converted to integer ratio rates more readily because the length of the data to be processed may be adjustable. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that if the data was not streamed and just stored as spectra with the standard or predetermined Fmax, it may be impossible in certain situations to convert it retroactively and accurately to the order-sampled data. It will also be appreciated in light of the disclosure that internal identification issues may also need to be reconciled.
  • stream data may be converted to the proper sampling rate and resolution as described and stored (albeit temporarily) in an EP legacy data repository 5070 to ensure compatibility with legacy data.
  • a user input module 5072 is shown in many embodiments should there be no automated process (whether partially or wholly) for identification translation.
  • one or more legacy systems i.e., pre existing data acquisition
  • the data to be imported is in a fully standardized format such as a MimosaTM format, and other similar formats.
  • sufficient indentation of the legacy data and/or the one or more machines from which the legacy data was produced may be required in the completion of an identification mapping table 5074 to associate and link a portion of the legacy data to a portion of the newly acquired streamed data 5050.
  • the end user and/or legacy vendor may be able to supply sufficient information to complete at least a portion of a functioning identification (ID) mapping table 5074 and therefore may provide the necessary database schema for the raw data of the legacy system to be used for comparison, analysis, and manipulation of newly streamed data 5050.
  • ID identification
  • the local data control application 5062 may also direct streaming data as well as extracted/processed (EP) data to a cloud network facility 5080 via wired or wireless transmission. From the cloud network facility 5080 other devices may access, receive, and maintain data including the data from a master raw data server (MRDS) 5082. The movement, distribution, storage, and retrieval of data remote to the DAQ instrument 5002 may be coordinated by the cloud data management services (“CDMS”) 5084.
  • CDMS cloud data management services
  • FIG 19 shows additional methods and systems that include the DAQ instrument 5002 accessing related cloud based services.
  • the DAQ API 5052 may control the data collection process as well as its sequence.
  • the DAQ API 5052 may provide the capability for editing processes, viewing plots of the data, controlling the processing of that data, viewing the output data in all its myriad forms, analyzing this data including expert analysis, and communicating with external devices via the local data control application 5062 and with the CDMS 5084 via the cloud network facility 5080.
  • the DAQ API 5052 may also govern the movement of data, its filtering, as well as many other housekeeping functions.
  • an expert analysis module 5100 may generate reports 5102 that may use machine or measurement point specific information from the information store 5040 to analyze the stream data 5050 using a stream data analyzer module 5104 and the local data control application 5062 with the extract/process (“EP”) align module 5068.
  • the expert analysis module 5100 may generate new alarms or ingest alarm settings into an alarms module 5108 that is relevant to the stream data 5050.
  • the stream data analyzer module 5104 may provide a manual or automated mechanism for extracting meaningful information from the stream data 5050 in a variety of plotting and report formats.
  • a supervisory control of the expert analysis module 5100 is provided by the DAQ API 5052.
  • the expert analysis module 5100 may be supplied (wholly or partially) via the cloud network facility 5080.
  • the expert analysis module 5100 via the cloud may be used rather than a locally-deployed expert analysis module 5100 for various reasons such as using the most up-to-date software version, more processing capability, a bigger volume of historical data to reference, and so on.
  • the DAQ instrument acquisition may require a real time operating system (“RTOS”) for the hardware especially for streamed gap-free data that is acquired by a PC.
  • RTOS real time operating system
  • the requirement for a RTOS may result in (or may require) expensive custom hardware and software capable of running such a system.
  • expensive custom hardware and software may be avoided and an RTOS may be effectively and sufficiently implemented using a standard WindowsTM operating systems or similar environments including the system interrupts in the procedural flow of a dedicated application included in such operating systems.
  • the methods and systems disclosed herein may include, connect to, or be integrated with one or more DAQ instruments and in the many embodiments, Figure 20 shows methods and systems 5150 that include the DAQ instrument 5002 (also known as a streaming DAQ or an SDAQ).
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may effectively and sufficiently implement an RTOS using standard windows operating system (or other similar personal computing systems) that may include a software driver configured with a First In, First Out (FIFO) memory area 5152.
  • the FIFO memory area 5152 may be maintained and hold information for a sufficient amount of time to handle a worst-case interrupt that it may face from the local operating system to effectively provide the RTOS.
  • configurations on a local personal computer or connected device may be maintained to minimize operating system interrupts.
  • the configurations may be maintained, controlled, or adjusted to eliminate (or be isolated from) any exposure to extreme environments where operating system interrupts may become an issue.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may produce a notification, alarm, message, or the like to notify a user when any gap errors are detected. In these many examples, such errors may be shown to be rare and even if they occur, the data may be adjusted knowing when they occurred should such a situation arise.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may maintain a sufficiently large FIFO memory area 5152 that may buffer the incoming data so as to be not affected by operating system interrupts when acquiring data. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that the predetermined size of the FIFO memory area 5152 may be based on operating system interrupts that may include Windows system and application functions such as the writing of data to Disk or SSD, plotting, GUI interactions and standard Windows tasks, low-level driver tasks such as servicing the DAQ hardware and retrieving the data in bursts, and the like.
  • operating system interrupts may include Windows system and application functions such as the writing of data to Disk or SSD, plotting, GUI interactions and standard Windows tasks, low-level driver tasks such as servicing the DAQ hardware and retrieving the data in bursts, and the like.
  • the computer, controller, connected device or the like that may be included in the DAQ instrument 5002 may be configured to acquire data from the one or more hardware devices over a USB port, firewire, ethemet, or the like.
  • the DAQ driver services 5054 may be configured to have data delivered to it periodically so as to facilitate providing a channel specific FIFO memory buffer that may be configured to not miss data, i.e., it is gap-free.
  • the DAQ driver services 5054 may be configured so as to maintain an even larger (than the device) channel specific FIFO area 5152 that it fills with new data obtained from the device.
  • the DAQ driver services 5054 may be configured to employ a further process in that the raw data server 5058 may take data from the FIFO 5110 and may write it as a contiguous stream to non volatile storage areas such as the stream data repository 5060 that may be configured as one or more disk drives, SSDs, or the like.
  • the FIFO 5110 may be configured to include a starting and stopping marker or pointer to mark where the latest most current stream was written.
  • a FIFO end marker 5114 may be configured to mark the end of the most current data until it reaches the end of the spooler and then wraps around constantly cycling around.
  • the DAQ driver services 5054 may be configured to use the DAQ API 5052 to pipe the most recent data to a high-level application for processing, graphing and analysis purposes. In some examples, it is not required that this data be gap-free but even in these instances, it is helpful to identify and mark the gaps in the data. Moreover, these data updates may be configured to be frequent enough so that the user would perceive the data as live.
  • the raw data is flushed to non-volatile storage without a gap at least for the prescribed amount of time and examples of the prescribed amount of time may be about thirty seconds to over four hours. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that many pieces of equipment and their components may contribute to the relative needed duration of the stream of gap-free data and those durations may be over four hours when relatively low speeds are present in large numbers, when non-periodic transient activity is occurring on a relatively long time frame, when duty cycle only permits operation in relevant ranges for restricted durations and the like.
  • the stream data analyzer module 5104 may provide for the manual or extraction of information from the data stream in a variety of plotting and report formats.
  • resampling, filtering (including anti-aliasing), transfer functions, spectrum analysis, enveloping, averaging, peak detection functionality, as well as a host of other signal processing tools may be available for the analyst to analyze the stream data and to generate a very large array of snapshots. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that much larger arrays of snapshots are created than ever would have been possible by scheduling the collection of snapshots beforehand, i.e., during the initial data acquisition for the measurement point in question.
  • sampling rates of vibration data of up to 100 kHz may be utilized for non-vibration sensors as well.
  • stream data in such durations at these sampling rates may uncover new patterns to be analyzed due in no small part that many of these types of sensors have not been utilized in this manner.
  • different sensors used in machinery condition monitoring may provide measurements more akin to static levels rather than fast-acting dynamic signals. In some cases, faster response time transducers may have to be used prior to achieving the faster sampling rates.
  • sensors may have a relatively static output such as temperature, pressure, or flow but may still be analyzed with the dynamic signal processing system and methodologies as disclosed herein. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that the time scale, in many examples, may be slowed down. In many examples, a collection of temperature readings collected approximately every minute for over two weeks may be analyzed for their variation solely or in collaboration or in fusion with other relevant sensors. By way of these examples, the direct current level or average level may be omitted from all the readings (e.g., by subtraction) and the resulting delta measurements may be processed (e.g., through a Fourier transform). From these examples, resulting spectral lines may correlate to specific machinery behavior or other symptoms present in industrial system processes.
  • other techniques include enveloping that may look for modulation, wavelets that may look for spectral patterns that last only for a short time (e.g., bursts), cross-channel analysis to look for correlations with other sensors including vibration, and the like.
  • FIG. 21 shows a DAQ instrument 5400 that may be integrated with one or more analog sensors 5402 and endpoint nodes 5404 to provide a streaming sensor 5410 or smart sensors that may take in analog signals and then process and digitize them, and then transmit them to one or more external monitoring systems 5412 in the many embodiments that may be connected to, interfacing with, or integrated with the methods and systems disclosed herein.
  • the monitoring system 5412 may include a streaming hub server 5420 that may communicate with the CDMS 5084.
  • the CDMS 5084 may contact, use, and integrate with cloud data 5430 and cloud services 5432 that may be accessible through one or more cloud network facilities 5080.
  • the streaming hub server 5420 may connect with another streaming sensor 5440 that may include a DAQ instrument 5442, an endpoint node 5444, and the one or more analog sensors such as analog sensor 5448.
  • the steaming hub server 5420 may connect with other streaming sensors such as the streaming sensor 5460 that may include a DAQ instrument 5462, an endpoint node 5464, and the one or more analog sensors such as analog sensor 5468.
  • streaming hub server 5480 may connect with other streaming sensors such as the streaming sensor 5490 that may include a DAQ instrument 5492, an endpoint node 5494, and the one or more analog sensors such as analog sensor 5498.
  • the streaming hub server 5480 may also connect with other streaming sensors such as the streaming sensor 5500 that may include a DAQ instrument 5502, an endpoint node 5504, and the one or more analog sensors such as analog sensor 5508.
  • the transmission may include averaged overall levels and in other examples may include dynamic signal sampled at a prescribed and/or fixed rate.
  • the streaming sensors 5410, 5440, 5460, 5490, and 5500 may be configured to acquire analog signals and then apply signal conditioning to those analog signals including coupling, averaging, integrating, differentiating, scaling, filtering of various kinds, and the like.
  • the streaming sensors 5410, 5440, 5460, 5490, and 5500 may be configured to digitize the analog signals at an acceptable rate and resolution (number of bits) and to process further the digitized signal when required.
  • the streaming sensors 5410, 5440, 5460, 5490, and 5500 may be configured to transmit the digitized signals at pre-determined, adjustable, and re-adjustable rates.
  • the streaming sensors 5410, 5440, 5460, 5490, and 5500 are configured to acquire, digitize, process, and transmit data at a sufficient effective rate so that a relatively consistent stream of data may be maintained for a suitable amount of time so that a large number of effective analyses may be shown to be possible.
  • this long duration data stream with effectively no gap in the stream is in contrast to the more commonly used burst collection where data is collected for a relatively short period of time (i.e., a short burst of collection), followed by a pause, and then perhaps another burst collection and so on.
  • data In the commonly used collections of data collected over noncontiguous bursts, data would be collected at a slow rate for low frequency analysis and high frequency for high frequency analysis.
  • the streaming data is being collected (i) once, (ii) at the highest useful and possible sampling rate, and (iii) for a long enough time that low frequency analysis may be performed as well as high frequency.
  • FIFO First-In, First-Out
  • the memory with a FIFO area may be a dual port so that the sensor controller may write to one part of it while the external system reads from a different part.
  • data flow traffic may be managed by semaphore logic.
  • vibration transducers that are larger in mass will have a lower linear frequency response range because the natural resonance of the probe is inversely related to the square root of the mass and will be lowered. Toward that end, a resonant response is inherently non-linear and so a transducer with a lower natural frequency will have a narrower linear passband frequency response. It will also be appreciated in light of the disclosure that above the natural frequency the amplitude response of the sensor will taper off to negligible levels rendering it even more unusable. With that in mind, high frequency accelerometers, for this reason, tend to be quite small in mass, to the order of half of a gram. It will also be appreciated in light of the disclosure that adding the required signal processing and digitizing electronics required for streaming may, in certain situations, render the sensors incapable in many instances of measuring high-frequency activity.
  • streaming hubs such as the streaming hubs 5420, 5480 may effectively move the electronics required for streaming to an external hub via cable. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that the streaming hubs may be located virtually next to the streaming sensors or up to a distance supported by the electronic driving capability of the hub. In instances where an internet cache protocol (“ICP”) is used, the distance supported by the electronic driving capability of the hub would be anywhere from 100 to 1000 feet (30.5 to 305 meters) based on desired frequency response, cable capacitance, and the like. In embodiments, the streaming hubs may be positioned in a location convenient for receiving power as well as connecting to a network (be it LAN or WAN). In embodiments, other power options would include solar, thermal as well as energy harvesting. Transfer between the streaming sensors and any external systems may be wireless or wired and may include such standard communication technologies as 802.11 and 900 MHz wireless systems, Ethernet, USB, firewire and so on.
  • the many examples of the DAQ instrument 5002 include embodiments where data that may be uploaded from the local data control application 5062 to the master raw data server (“MRDS”) 5082.
  • information in the multimedia probe (“MMP”) and probe control, sequence and analytical (“PCSA”) information store 5040 may also be downloaded from the MRDS 5082 down to the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • Further details of the MRDS 5082 are shown in Figure 22 including embodiments where data may be transferred to the MRDS 5082 from the DAQ instrument 5002 via a wired or wireless network, or through connection to one or more portable media, drive, other network connections, or the like.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may be configured to be portable and may be carried on one or more predetermined routes to assess predefined points of measurement.
  • the operating system that may be included in the MRDS 5082 may be WindowsTM, LinuxTM, or MacOSTM operating systems, or other similar operating systems. Further, in these arrangements, the operating system, modules for the operating system, and other needed libraries, data storage, and the like may be accessible wholly or partially through access to the cloud network facility 5080.
  • the MRDS 5082 may reside directly on the DAQ instrument 5002, especially in on-line system examples.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may be linked on an intra-network in a facility but may otherwise be behind a firewall.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may be linked to the cloud network facility 5080.
  • one of the computers or mobile computing devices may be effectively designated the MRDS 5082 to which all of the other computing devices may feed it data such as one of the MRDS 6104, as depicted in Figures 31 and 32.
  • one or more of the DAQ instruments 5002 may be effectively designated the MRDS 5082 to which all of the other computing devices may feed it data.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may be deployed and configured to receive stream data in an environment where the methods and systems disclosed herein are intelligently assigning, controlling, adjusting, and re-adjusting data pools, computing resources, network bandwidth for local data collection, and the like, one or more of the DAQ instruments 5002 may be effectively designated the MRDS 5082 to which all of the other computing devices may feed it data.
  • new raw streaming data may be uploaded to one or more master raw data servers as needed or as scaled in various environments.
  • a master raw data server (“MRDS”) 5700 may connect to and receive data from other master raw data servers such as the MRDS 5082.
  • the MRDS 5700 may include a data distribution manager module 5702.
  • the new raw streaming data may be stored in the new stream data repository 5704.
  • the new stream data repository 5704 and new extract and process data repository 5708 may be similarly configured as a temporary storage area.
  • the MRDS 5700 may include a stream data analyzer module with an extract and process alignment module 5710.
  • the analyzer module 5710 may be shown to be a more robust data analyzer and extractor than may be typically found on portable streaming DAQ instruments although it may be deployed on the DAQ instrument 5002 as well.
  • the analyzer module 5710 takes streaming data and instantiates it at a specific sampling rate and resolution similar to the local data control module 5062 on the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • the specific sampling rate and resolution of the analyzer module 5710 may be based on either user input 5712 or automated extractions from a multimedia probe (“MMP”) and the probe control, sequence and analytical (“PCSA”) information store 5714 and/or an identification mapping table 5718, which may require the user input 5712 if there is incomplete information regarding various forms of legacy data similar to as was detailed with the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • legacy data may be processed with the analyzer module 5710 and may be stored in one or more temporary holding areas such as a new legacy data repository 5720. One or more temporary areas may be configured to hold data until it is copied to an archive and verified.
  • the analyzer 5710 module may also facilitate in-depth analysis by providing many varying types of signal processing tools including but not limited to filtering, Fourier transforms, weighting, resampling, envelope demodulation, wavelets, two-channel analysis, and the like. From this analysis, many different types of plots and mini-reports may be generated from a reports and plots module 5724. In embodiments, data is sent to the processing, analysis, reports, and archiving (“PARA”) server 5730 upon user initiation or in an automated fashion especially for on-line systems.
  • PARA processing, analysis, reports, and archiving
  • a PARA server 5750 may connect to and receive data from other PARA servers such as the PARA server 5730.
  • the PARA server 5730 may provide data to a supervisory module 5752 on the PARA server 5750 that may be configured to provide at least one of processing, analysis, reporting, archiving, supervisory, and similar functionalities.
  • the supervisory module 5752 may also contain extract, process align functionality and the like.
  • incoming streaming data may first be stored in a raw data stream archive 5760 after being properly validated.
  • reports from a reports module 5768 are generated from the supervisory module 5752.
  • the various reports from the reports module 5768 include trend plots of various smart bands, overalls along with statistical patterns, and the like.
  • the reports module 5768 may also be configured to compare incoming data to historical data. By way of these examples, the reports module 5768 may search for and analyze adverse trends, sudden changes, machinery defect patterns, and the like.
  • the PARA server 5750 may include an expert analysis module 5770 from which reports are generated and analysis may be conducted.
  • archived data may be fed to a local master server (“LMS”) 5772 via a server module 5774 that may connect to the local area network.
  • LMS local master server
  • CDMS cloud data management server
  • the supervisory module 5752 on the PARA server 5750 may be configured to provide at least one of processing, analysis, reporting, archiving, supervisory, and similar functionalities from which alarms may be generated, rated, stored, modified, reassigned, and the like with an alarm generator module 5782.
  • Figure 24 depicts various embodiments that include a PARA server 5800 and its connection to LAN 5802.
  • one or more DAQ instruments such as the DAQ instrument 5002 may receive and process analog data from one or more analog sensors 5710 that may be fed into the DAQ instrument 5002.
  • the DAQ instrument 5002 may create a digital stream of data based on the ingested analog data from the one or more analog sensors.
  • the digital stream from the DAQ instrument 5002 may be uploaded to the MRDS 5082 and from there, it may be sent to the PARA server 5800 where multiple terminals, such as terminal 5810 5812, 5814, may each interface with it or the MRDS 5082 and view the data and/or analysis reports.
  • the PARA server 5800 may communicate with a network data server 5820 that may include a LMS 5822.
  • the LMS 5822 may be configured as an optional storage area for archived data.
  • the LMS 5822 may also be configured as an external driver that may be connected to a PC or other computing device that may run the LMS 5822; or the LMS 5822 may be directly run by the PARA server 5800 where the LMS 5822 may be configured to operate and coexist with the PARA server 5800.
  • the LMS 5822 may connect with araw data stream archive 5824, an extract and process (“EP”) raw data archive 5828, and a MMP and probe control, sequence and analytical (“PCS A”) information store 5830.
  • a CDMS 5832 may also connect to the LAN 5802 and may also support the archiving of data.
  • portable connected devices 5850 such as atablet 5852 and a smart phone 5854 may connect the CDMS 5832 using web APIs 5860 and 5862, respectively, as depicted in Figure 25.
  • the APIs 5860, 5862 may be configured to execute in a browser and may permit access via a cloud network facility 5870 of all (or some of) the functions previously discussed as accessible through the PARA Server 5800.
  • computing devices of a user 5880 such as computing devices 5882, 5884, 5888 may also access the cloud network facility 5870 via a browser or other connection in order to receive the same functionality.
  • thin-client apps which do not require any other device drivers and may be facilitated by web services supported by cloud services 5890 and cloud data 5892.
  • the thin-client apps may be developed and reconfigured using, for example, the visual high-level LabVIEWTM programming language with NXGTM Web-based virtual interface subroutines.
  • thin client apps may provide high-level graphing functions such as those supported by LabVIEWTM tools.
  • the LabVIEWTM tools may generate JSCRIPTTM code and JAVATM code that may be edited post-compilation.
  • the NXGTM tools may generate Web Vi’s that may not require any specialized driver and only some RESTfulTM services which may be readily installed from any browser. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that because various applications may be run inside a browser, the applications may be run on any operating system, such as WindowsTM, LinuxTM, and AndroidTM operating systems especially for personal devices, mobile devices, portable connected devices, and the like.
  • the CDMS 5832 is depicted in greater detail in Figure 26.
  • the CDMS 5832 may provide all of the data storage and services that the PARA Server 5800 ( Figure 34) may provide.
  • all of the API’s may be web API’s which may run in a browser and all other apps may run on the PARA Server 5800 or the DAQ instrument 5002 which may typically be WindowsTM, LinuxTM or other similar operating systems.
  • the CDMS 5832 includes at least one of or combinations of the following functions: the CDMS 5832 may include a cloud GUI 5900 that may be configured to provide access to all data plots including trend, waveform, spectra, envelope, transfer function, logs of measurement events, analysis including expert, utilities, and the like.
  • the CDMS 5832 may include a cloud data exchange 5902 configured to facilitate the transfer of data to and from the cloud network facility 5870.
  • the CDMS 5832 may include a cloud plots/trends module 5904 that may be configured to show all plots via web apps including trend, waveform, spectra, envelope, transfer function, and the like.
  • the CDMS 5832 may include a cloud reporter 5908 that may be configured to provide all analysis reports, logs, expert analysis, trend plots, statistical information, and the like.
  • the CDMS 5832 may include a cloud alarm module 5910.
  • Alarms from the cloud alarm module 5910 may be generated and may be sent to various devices 5920 via email, texts, or other messaging mechanisms. From the various modules, data may be stored in new data 5914.
  • the various devices 5920 may include a terminal 5922, portable connected device 5924, or a tablet 5928.
  • the alarms from the cloud alarm module are designed to be interactive so that the end user may acknowledge alarms in order to avoid receiving redundant alarms and also to see significant context-sensitive data from the alarm points that may include spectra, waveform statistical info, and the like.
  • a relational database server (“RDS”) 5930 may be used to access all of the information from a MMP and PCSA information store 5932.
  • information from the information store 5932 may be used with an EP and align module 5934, a data exchange 5938 and the expert system 5940.
  • a raw data stream archive 5942 and extract and process raw data archive 5944 may also be used by the EP align 5934, the data exchange 5938 and the expert system 5940 as with the PARA server 5800.
  • new stream raw data 5950, new extract and process raw data 5952, and new data 5954 are directed by the CDMS 5832.
  • the streaming data may be linked with the RDS 5930 and the MMP and PCSA information store 5932 using a technical data management streaming (“TDMS”) file format.
  • the information store 5932 may include tables for recording at least portions of all measurement events.
  • a measurement event may be any single data capture, a stream, a snapshot, an averaged level, or an overall level.
  • Each of the measurement events in addition to point identification information may also have a date and time stamp.
  • a link may be made between the streaming data, the measurement event, and the tables in the information store 5932 using the TDMS format.
  • the link may be created by storing unique measurement point identification codes with a file structure having the TDMS format by including and assigning TDMS properties.
  • a file with the TDMS format may allow for three levels of hierarchy.
  • the three levels of hierarchy may be root, group, and channel.
  • the MimosaTM database schema may be, in theory, unlimited. With that said, there are advantages to limited TDMS hierarchies.
  • the following properties may be proposed for adding to the TDMS Stream structure while using a Mimosa Compatible database schema.
  • Root Level Global ID 1 : Text String (This could be a unique ID obtained from the web.); Global ID 2: Text String (This could be an additional ID obtained from the web.); Company Name: Text String; Company ID: Text String; Company Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Company Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Site Name: Text String; Site Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Site Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Route Name: Text String; Version Number: Text String
  • Section 1 Name Text String; Section 1 Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Section 1 Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Section 2 Name: Text String; Section 2 Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Section 2 Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Machine Name: Text String; Machine Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Machine Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Equipment Name: Text String; Equipment Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Equipment Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Shaft Name: Text String; Shaft Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Shaft Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Bearing Name: Text String; Bearing Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Bearing Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Probe Name: Text String; Probe Segment ID: 4-byte Integer; Probe Asset ID: 4-byte Integer; Probe Asset ID: 4- byte Integer; Probe Asset ID: 4- byte Integer;
  • Channel Level Channel #: 4-byte Integer; Direction: 4-byte Integer (in certain examples may be text); Data Type: 4-byte Integer; Reserved Name 1: Text String; Reserved Segment ID 1: 4-byte Integer; Reserved Name 2: Text String; Reserved Segment ID 2: 4-byte Integer; Reserved Name 3: Text String; Reserved Segment ID 3: 4-byte Integer
  • the file with the TDMS format may automatically use property or asset information and may make an index file out of the specific property and asset information to facilitate database searches, may offer a compromise for storing voluminous streams of data because it may be optimized for storing binary streams of data but may also include some minimal database structure making many standard SQL operations feasible, but the TDMS format and functionality discussed herein may not be as efficient as a full-fledged SQL relational database.
  • the TDMS format may take advantage of both worlds in that it may balance between the class or format of writing and storing large streams of binary data efficiently and the class or format of a fully relational database, which facilitates searching, sorting and data retrieval.
  • an optimum solution may be found in that metadata required for analytical purposes and extracting prescribed lists with panel conditions for stream collection may be stored in the RDS 5930 by establishing a link between the two database methodologies.
  • relatively large analog data streams may be stored predominantly as binary storage in the raw data stream archive 5942 for rapid stream loading but with inherent relational SQL type hooks, formats, conventions, or the like.
  • the files with the TDMS format may also be configured to incorporate DIAdemTM reporting capability of LabVIEWTM software in order to provide a further mechanism to conveniently and rapidly facilitate accessing the analog or the streaming data.
  • the methods and systems disclosed herein may include, connect to, or be integrated with a virtual data acquisition instrument and in the many embodiments, Figure 27 shows methods and systems that include a virtual streaming DAQ instrument 6000 also known as a virtual DAQ instrument, a VRDS, or a VSDAQ.
  • the virtual DAQ instrument 6000 may be configured so to only include one native application.
  • the one permitted and one native application may be the DAQ driver module 6002 that may manage all communications with the DAQ Device 6004 which may include streaming capabilities.
  • other applications if any, may be configured as thin client web applications such as RESTfulTM web services.
  • the one native application, or other applications or services may be accessible through the DAQ Web API 6010.
  • the DAQ Web API 6010 may run in or be accessible through various web browsers.
  • storage of streaming data, as well as the extraction and processing of streaming data into extract and process data may be handled primarily by the DAQ driver services 6012 under the direction of the DAQ Web API 6010.
  • the output from sensors of various types including vibration, temperature, pressure, ultrasound and so on may be fed into the instrument inputs of the DAQ device 6004.
  • the signals from the output sensors may be signal conditioned with respect to scaling and filtering and digitized with an analog to a digital converter.
  • the signals from the output sensors may be signals from all relevant channels simultaneously sampled at a rate sufficient to perform the maximum desired frequency analysis.
  • the signals from the output sensors may be sampled for a relatively long time, gap-free, as one continuous stream so as to enable a wide array of further post-processing at lower sampling rates with sufficient samples.
  • streaming frequency may be adjusted (and readjusted) to record streaming data at non-evenly spaced recording.
  • data may be streamed from a collection of points and then the next set of data may be collected from additional points according to a prescribed sequence, route, path, or the like.
  • the portable sensors may be moved to the next location according to the prescribed sequence but not necessarily all of them as some may be used for reference phase or otherwise.
  • a multiplexer 6020 may be used to switch to the next collection of points or a mixture of the two methods may be combined.
  • the sequence and panel conditions that may be used to govern the data collection process using the virtual DAQ instrument 6000 may be obtained from the MMP PCS A information store 6022.
  • the MMP PCSA information store 6022 may include such items as the hierarchical structural relationships of the machine, i.e., a machine contains pieces of equipment in which each piece of equipment contains shafts and each shaft is associated with bearings, which may be monitored by specific types of transducers or probes according to a specific prescribed sequence (routes, path, etc.) with specific panel conditions.
  • the panel conditions may include hardware specific switch settings or other collection parameters such as sampling rate, AC/DC coupling, voltage range and gain, integration, high and low pass filtering, anti-aliasing filtering, ICPTM transducers and other integrated-circuit piezoelectric transducers, 4-20 mA loop sensors, and the like.
  • the information store 6022 includes other information that may be stored in what would be machinery specific features that would be important for proper analysis including the number of gear teeth for a gear, the number of blades in a pump impeller, the number of motor rotor bars, bearing specific parameters necessary for calculating bearing frequencies, lx rotating speed (RPMs) of all rotating elements, and the like.
  • digitized waveforms may be uploaded using the DAQ driver services 6012 of the virtual DAQ instrument 6000.
  • data may then be fed into an RLN data and control server 6030 that may store the stream data into a network stream data repository 6032.
  • the server 6030 may run from within the DAQ driver module 6002. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that a separate application may require drivers for running in the native operating system and for this instrument only the instrument driver may run natively. In many examples, all other applications may be configured to be browser based. As such, a relevant network variable may be very similar to a LabVIEWTM shared or network stream variable which may be designed to be accessed over one or more networks or via web applications.
  • the DAQ web API 6010 may also direct the local data control application 6034 to extract and process the recently obtained streaming data and, in turn, convert it to the same or lower sampling rates of sufficient length to provide the desired resolution.
  • This data may be converted to spectra, then averaged and processed in a variety of ways and stored as EP data, such as on an EP data repository 6040.
  • the EP data repository 6040 may, in certain embodiments, only be meant for temporary storage. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that legacy data may require its own sampling rates and resolution and often this sampling rate may not be integer proportional to the acquired sampling rate especially for order-sampled data whose sampling frequency is related directly to an external frequency.
  • the external frequency may typically be the running speed of the machine or its internal componentry, rather than the more-standard sampling rates produced by the internal crystals, clock functions, and the like of the (e.g., values of Fmax of 100, 200, 500, IK, 2K, 5K, 10K, 20K and so on) of the DAQ instrument 5002, 6000.
  • the EP align component of the local data control application 6034 is able to fractionally adjust the sampling rate to the non-integer ratio rates that may be more applicable to legacy data sets and therefore drive compatibility with legacy systems.
  • the fractional rates may be converted to integer ratio rates more readily because the length of the data to be processed (or at least that portion of the greater stream of data) is adjustable because of the depth and content of the original acquired streaming data by the DAQ instrument 5002, 6000. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that if the data was not streamed and just stored as traditional snap-shots of spectra with the standard values of Fmax, it may very well be impossible to retroactively and accurately convert the acquired data to the order-sampled data.
  • the stream data may be converted, especially for legacy data purposes, to the proper sampling rate and resolution as described and stored in the EP legacy data repository 6042.
  • a user input 6044 may be included if there is no automated process for identification translation.
  • one such automated process for identification translation may include importation of data from a legacy system that may contain a fully standardized format such as the MimosaTM format and sufficient identification information to complete an ID Mapping Table 6048.
  • a legacy data vendor, a legacy data storage facility, or the like may be able to supply enough info to complete (or sufficiently complete) relevant portions of the ID Mapping Table 6048 to provide, in turn, the database schema for the raw data of the legacy system so it may be readily ingested, saved, and used for analytics in the current systems disclosed herein.
  • FIG. 28 depicts further embodiments and details of the virtual DAQ Instrument 6000.
  • the DAQ Web API 6010 may control the data collection process as well as its sequence.
  • the DAQ Web API 6010 may provide the capability for editing this process, viewing plots of the data, controlling the processing of that data and viewing the output in all its myriad forms, analyzing the data, including the expert analysis, communicating with external devices via the DAQ driver module 6002, as well as communicating with and transferring both streaming data and EP data to one or more cloud network facilities 5080 whenever possible.
  • the virtual DAQ instrument itself and the DAQ Web API 6010 may run independently of access to cloud network facilities 5080 when local demands may require or simply as a result of there being no outside connectivity such use throughout a proprietary industrial setting that prevents such signals.
  • the DAQ Web API 6010 may also govern the movement of data, its filtering, as well as many other housekeeping functions.
  • the virtual DAQ Instrument 6000 may also include an expert analysis module 6052.
  • the expert analysis module 6052 may be a web application or other suitable module that may generate reports 6054 that may use machine or measurement point specific information from the MMP PCSA information store 6022 to analyze stream data 6058 using the stream data analyzer module 6050.
  • supervisory control of the module 6052 may be provided by the DAQ Web API 6010.
  • the expert analysis may also be supplied (or supplemented) via the expert system module 5940 that may be resident on one or more cloud network facilities that are accessible via the CDMS 5832.
  • expert analysis via the cloud may be preferred over local systems such as expert analysis module 6052 for various reasons, such as the availability and use of the most up-to-date software version, more processing capability, a bigger volume of historical data to reference and the like. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that it may be important to offer expert analysis when an internet connection cannot be established so as to provide a redundancy, when needed, for seamless and time efficient operation. In embodiments, this redundancy may be extended to all of the discussed modular software applications and databases where applicable so each module discussed herein may be configured to provide redundancy to continue operation in the absence of an internet connection.
  • Figure 29 depicts further embodiments and details of many virtual DAQ instruments existing in an online system and connecting through network endpoints through a central DAQ instrument to one or more cloud network facilities.
  • a master DAQ instrument with network endpoint 6060 is provided along with additional DAQ instruments such as a DAQ instrument with network endpoint 6062, a DAQ instrument with network endpoint 6064, and a DAQ instrument with network endpoint 6068.
  • the master DAQ instrument with network endpoint 6060 may connect with the other DAQ instruments with network endpoints 6062, 6064, 6068 over LAN 6070.
  • each of the instruments 6060, 6062, 6064, 6068 may include personal computer, a connected device, or the like that include WindowsTM, LinuxTM, or other suitable operating systems to facilitate ease of connection of devices utilizing many wired and wireless network options such as Ethernet, wireless 802.1 lg, 900 MHz wireless (e.g., for better penetration of walls, enclosures and other structural barriers commonly encountered in an industrial setting), as well as a myriad of other things permitted by the use of off-the-shelf communication hardware when needed.
  • FIG. 30 depicts further embodiments and details of many functional components of an endpoint that may be used in the various settings, environments, and network connectivity settings.
  • the endpoint includes endpoint hardware modules 6080.
  • the endpoint hardware modules 6080 may include one or more multiplexers 6082, a DAQ instrument 6084, as well as a computer 6088, computing device, PC, or the like that may include the multiplexers, DAQ instruments, and computers, connected devices and the like, as disclosed herein.
  • the endpoint software modules 6090 include a data collector application (DCA) 6092 and a raw data server (RDS) 6094.
  • DCA data collector application
  • RDS raw data server
  • DCA 6092 may be similar to the DAQ API 5052 ( Figure 18) and may be configured to be responsible for obtaining stream data from the DAQ device 6084 and storing it locally according to a prescribed sequence or upon user directives.
  • the prescribed sequence or user directives may be a Lab VIEWTM software app that may control and read data from the DAQ instruments.
  • the stored data in many embodiments may be network accessible.
  • LabVIEWTM tools may be used to accomplish this with a shared variable or network stream (or subsets of shared variables).
  • Shared variables and the affiliated network streams may be network objects that may be optimized for sharing data over the network.
  • the DCA 6092 may be configured with a graphic user interface that may be configured to collect data as efficiently and fast as possible and push it to the shared variable and its affiliated network stream.
  • the endpoint raw data server 6094 may be configured to read raw data from the single-process shared variable and may place it with a master network stream.
  • a raw stream of data from portable systems may be stored locally and temporarily until the raw stream of data is pushed to the MRDS 5082 ( Figure 18). It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that on-line system instruments on a network can be termed endpoints whether local or remote or associated with a local area network or a wide area network.
  • FIG. 31 depicts further embodiments and details of multiple endpoints with their respective software blocks with at least one of the devices configured as master blocks.
  • Each of the blocks may include a data collector application (“DC A”) 7000 and a raw data server (“RDS”) 7002.
  • each of the blocks may also include a master raw data server module (“MRDS”) 7004, a master data collection and analysis module (“MDCA”) 7008, and a supervisory and control interface module (“SCI”) 7010.
  • MRDS master raw data server module
  • MDCA master data collection and analysis module
  • SCI supervisory and control interface module
  • the MRDS 7004 may be configured to read network stream data (at a minimum) from the other endpoints and may forward it up to one or more cloud network facilities via the CDMS 5832 including the cloud services 5890 and the cloud data 5892.
  • the CDMS 5832 may be configured to store the data and to provide web, data, and processing services. In these examples, this may be implemented with a LabVIEWTM application that may be configured to read data from the network streams or share variables from all of the local endpoints, write them to the local host PC, local computing device, connected device, or the like, as both a network stream and file with TDMSTM formatting.
  • the CDMS 5832 may also be configured to then post this data to the appropriate buckets using the LabVIEW or similar software that may be supported by S3TM web service from the Amazon Web Services (“AWSTM”) on the AmazonTM web server, or the like and may effectively serve as a back-end server.
  • S3TM web service from the Amazon Web Services (“AWSTM”) on the AmazonTM web server, or the like and may effectively serve as a back-end server.
  • AWSTM Amazon Web Services
  • different criteria may be enabled or may be set up for when to post data, create or adjust schedules, create or adjust event triggering including a new data event, create a buffer full message, create or more alarms messages, and the like.
  • the MDCA 7008 may be configured to provide automated as well as user-directed analyses of the raw data that may include tracking and annotating specific occurrence and in doing so, noting where reports may be generated and alarms may be noted.
  • the SCI 7010 may be an application configured to provide remote control of the system from the cloud as well as the ability to generate status and alarms.
  • the SCI 7010 may be configured to connect to, interface with, or be integrated into a supervisory control and data acquisition (“SCADA”) control system.
  • SCADA supervisory control and data acquisition
  • the SCI 7010 may be configured as a LabVIEWTM application that may provide remote control and status alerts that may be provided to any remote device that may connect to one or more of the cloud network facilities 5870.
  • the equipment that is being monitored may include RFID tags that may provide vital machinery analysis background information.
  • the RFID tags may be associated with the entire machine or associated with the individual componentry and may be substituted when certain parts of the machine are replaced, repaired, or rebuilt.
  • the RFID tags may provide permanent information relevant to the lifetime of the unit or may also be re-flashed to update with at least a portion of new information.
  • the DAQ instruments 5002 disclosed herein may interrogate the one or more RFID chips to leam of the machine, its componentry, its service history, and the hierarchical structure of how everything is connected including drive diagrams, wire diagrams, and hydraulic layouts.
  • some of the information that may be retrieved from the RFID tags includes manufacturer, machinery type, model, serial number, model number, manufacturing date, installation date, lots numbers, and the like.
  • machinery type may include the use of a MimosaTM format table including information about one or more of the following motors, gearboxes, fans, and compressors.
  • the machinery type may also include the number of bearings, their type, their positioning, and their identification numbers.
  • the information relevant to one or more fans includes fan type, number of blades, number of vanes, and number of belts. It will be appreciated in light of the disclosure that other machines and their componentry may be similarly arranged hierarchically with relevant information all of which may be available through interrogation of one or more RFID chips associated with the one or more machines.
  • data collection in an industrial environment may include routing analog signals from a plurality of sources, such as analog sensors, to a plurality of analog signal processing circuits. Routing of analog signals may be accomplished by an analog crosspoint switch that may route any of a plurality of analog input signals to any of a plurality of outputs, such as to analog and/or digital outputs. Routing of inputs to outputs in an analog signal crosspoint switch in an industrial environment may be configurable, such as by an electronic signal to which a switch portion of the analog crosspoint switch is responsive.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may receive analog signals from a plurality of analog signal sources in the industrial environment.
  • Analog signal sources may include sensors that produce an analog signal.
  • Sensors that produce an analog signal that may be switched by the analog crosspoint switch may include sensors that detect a condition and convert it to an analog signal that may be representative of the condition, such as converting a condition to a corresponding voltage.
  • Exemplary conditions that may be represented by a variable voltage may include temperature, friction, sound, light, torque, revolutions-per-minute, mechanical resistance, pressure, flow rate, and the like, including any of the conditions represented by inputs sources and sensors disclosed throughout this disclosure and the documents incorporated herein by reference.
  • Other forms of analog signal may include electrical signals, such as variable voltage, variable current, variable resistance, and the like.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may preserve one or more aspects of an analog signal being input to it in an industrial environment.
  • Analog circuits integrated into the switch may provide buffered outputs.
  • the analog circuits of the analog crosspoint switch may follow an input signal, such as an input voltage to produce a buffered representation on an output. This may alternatively be accomplished by relays (mechanical, solid state, and the like) that allow an analog voltage or current present on an input to propagate to a selected output of the analog switch.
  • an analog crosspoint switch in an industrial environment may be configured to switch any of a plurality of analog inputs to any of a plurality of analog outputs.
  • An example embodiment includes a MIMO, multiplexed configuration.
  • An analog crosspoint switch may be dynamically configurable so that changes to the configuration causes a change in the mapping of inputs to outputs. A configuration change may apply to one or more mappings so that a change in mapping may result in one or more of the outputs being mapped to different input than before the configuration change.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may have more inputs than outputs, so that only a subset of inputs can be routed to outputs concurrently. In other embodiments, the analog crosspoint switch may have more outputs than inputs, so that either a single input may be made available currently on multiple outputs, or at least one output may not be mapped to any input.
  • an analog crosspoint switch in an industrial environment may be configured to switch any of a plurality of analog inputs to any of a plurality of digital outputs.
  • an analog-to- digital converter circuit may be configured on each input, each output, or at intermediate points between the input(s) and output(s) of the analog crosspoint switch.
  • Benefits of including digitization of analog signals in an analog crosspoint switch that may be located close to analog signal sources may include reducing signal transport costs and complexity that digital signal communication has over analog, reducing energy consumption, facilitating detection and regulation of aberrant conditions before they propagate throughout an industrial environment, and the like.
  • Capturing analog signals close to their source may also facilitate improved signal routing management that is more tolerant of real world effects such as requiring that multiple signals be routed simultaneously.
  • a portion of the signals can be captured (and stored) locally while another portion can be transferred through the data collection network.
  • the locally stored signals can be delivered, such as with a time stamp indicating the time at which the data was collected. This technique may be useful for applications that have concurrent demand for data collection channels that exceed the number of channels available.
  • Sampling control may also be based on an indication of data worth sampling.
  • a signal source such as a sensor in an industrial environment may provide a data valid signal that transmits an indication of when data from the sensor is available.
  • mapping inputs of the analog crosspoint switch to outputs may be based on a signal route plan for a portion of the industrial environment that may be presented to the crosspoint switch.
  • the signal route plan may be used in a method of data collection in the industrial environment that may include routing a plurality of analog signals along a plurality of analog signal paths.
  • the method may include connecting the plurality of analog signals individually to inputs of the analog crosspoint switch that may be configured with a route plan.
  • the crosspoint switch may, responsively to the configured route plan, route a portion of the plurality of analog signals to a portion of the plurality of analog signal paths.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may include at least one high current output drive circuit that may be suitable for routing the analog signal along a path that requires high current.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may include at least one voltage-limited input that may facilitate protecting the analog crosspoint switch from damage due to excessive analog input signal voltage.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may include at least one current limited input that may facilitate protecting the analog crosspoint switch from damage due to excessive analog input current.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may comprise a plurality of interconnected relays that may facilitate routing the input(s) to the output(s) with little or no substantive signal loss.
  • an analog crosspoint switch may include processing functionality, such as signal processing and the like (e.g., a programmed processor, special purpose processor, a digital signal processor, and the like) that may detect one or more analog input signal conditions. In response to such detection, one or more actions may be performed, such as setting an alarm, sending an alarm signal to another device in the industrial environment, changing the crosspoint switch configuration, disabling one or more outputs, powering on or off a portion of the switch, changing a state of an output, such as a general purpose digital or analog output, and the like.
  • the switch may be configured to process inputs for producing a signal on one or more of the outputs.
  • the inputs to use, processing algorithm for the inputs, condition for producing the signal, output to use, and the like may be configured in a data collection template.
  • an analog crosspoint switch may comprise greater than 32 inputs and greater than 32 outputs.
  • a plurality of analog crosspoint switches may be configured so that even though each switch offers fewer than 32 inputs and 32 outputs it may be configured to facilitate switching any of 32 inputs to any of 32 outputs spread across the plurality of crosspoint switches.
  • an analog crosspoint switch suitable for use in an industrial environment may comprise four or fewer inputs and four or fewer outputs. Each output may be configurable to produce an analog output that corresponds to the mapped analog input or it may be configured to produce a digital representation of the corresponding mapped input.
  • an analog crosspoint switch for use in an industrial environment may be configured with circuits that facilitate replicating at least a portion of attributes of the input signal, such as current, voltage range, offset, frequency, duty cycle, ramp rate, and the like while buffering (e.g., isolating) the input signal from the output signal.
  • an analog crosspoint switch may be configured with unbuffered inputs/outputs, thereby effectively producing a bi-directional based crosspoint switch).
  • an analog crosspoint switch for use in an industrial environment may include protected inputs that may be protected from damaging conditions, such as through use of signal conditioning circuits. Protected inputs may prevent damage to the switch and to downstream devices to which the switch outputs connect.
  • inputs to such an analog crosspoint switch may include voltage clipping circuits that prevent a voltage of an input signal from exceeding an input protection threshold.
  • An active voltage adjustment circuit may scale an input signal by reducing it uniformly so that a maximum voltage present on the input does not exceed a safe threshold value.
  • inputs to such an analog crosspoint switch may include current shunting circuits that cause current beyond a maximum input protection current threshold to be diverted through protection circuits rather than enter the switch.
  • Analog switch inputs may be protected from electrostatic discharge and/or lightning strikes.
  • Other signal conditioning functions that may be applied to inputs to an analog crosspoint switch may include voltage scaling circuitry that attempts to facilitate distinguishing between valid input signals and low voltage noise that may be present on the input.
  • inputs to the analog crosspoint switch may be unbuffered and/or unprotected to make the least impact on the signal.
  • Signals such as alarm signals, or signals that cannot readily tolerate protection schemes, such as those schemes described above herein may be connected to unbuffered inputs of the analog crosspoint switch.
  • an analog crosspoint switch may be configured with circuitry, logic, and/or processing elements that may facilitate input signal alarm monitoring. Such an analog crosspoint switch may detect inputs meeting alarm conditions and in response thereto, switch inputs, switch mapping of inputs to outputs, disable inputs, disable outputs, issue an alarm signal, activate/deactivate a general-purpose output, or the like.
  • a system for collecting data in an industrial environment may include an analog crosspoint switch that may be adapted to selectively power up or down portions of the analog crosspoint switch or circuitry associated with the analog crosspoint switch, such as input protection devices, input conditioning devices, switch control devices and the like. Portions of the analog crosspoint switch that may be powered on/off may include outputs, inputs, sections of the switch and the like.
  • an analog crosspoint switch may include a modular structure that may separate portions of the switch into independently powered sections. Based on conditions, such as an input signal meeting a criterion or a configuration value being presented to the analog crosspoint switch, one or more modular sections may be powered on / off.
  • a system for collecting data in an industrial environment may include an analog crosspoint switch that may be adapted to perform signal processing including, without limitation, providing a voltage reference for detecting an input crossing the voltage reference (e.g., zero volts for detecting zero-crossing signals), a phase-lock loop to facilitate capturing slow frequency signals (e.g., low-speed revolution-per-minute signals and detecting their corresponding phase), deriving input signal phase relative to other inputs, deriving input signal phase relative to a reference (e.g., a reference clock), deriving input signal phase relative to detected alarm input conditions and the like.
  • a voltage reference for detecting an input crossing the voltage reference
  • a phase-lock loop to facilitate capturing slow frequency signals (e.g., low-speed revolution-per-minute signals and detecting their corresponding phase)
  • deriving input signal phase relative to other inputs deriving input signal phase relative to a reference (e.g., a reference clock), deriving input signal phase relative to detected alarm input conditions and the like.
  • Such an analog crosspoint switch may support long block sampling at a constant sampling rate even as inputs are switched, which may facilitate input signal rate independence and reduce complexity of sampling scheme(s).
  • a constant sampling rate may be selected from a plurality of rates that may be produced by a circuit, such as a clock divider circuit that may make available a plurality of components of a reference clock.
  • a system for collecting data in an industrial environment may include an analog crosspoint switch that may be adapted to support implementing data collection / data routing templates in the industrial environment.
  • the analog crosspoint switch may implement a data collection / data routing template based on conditions in the industrial environment that it may detect or derive, such as an input signal meeting one or more criteria (e.g., transition of a signal from a first condition to a second, lack of transition of an input signal within a predefined time interface (e.g., inactive input) and the like).
  • a system for collecting data in an industrial environment may include an analog crosspoint switch that may be adapted to be configured from a portion of a data collection template.
  • Configuration may be done automatically (without needing human intervention to perform a configuration action or change in configuration), such as based on a time parameter in the template and the like. Configuration may be done remotely, e.g., by sending a signal from a remote location that is detectable by a switch configuration feature of the analog crosspoint switch. Configuration may be done dynamically, such as based on a condition that is detectable by a configuration feature of the analog crosspoint switch (e.g., a timer, an input condition, an output condition, and the like). In embodiments, information for configuring an analog crosspoint switch may be provided in a stream, as a set of control lines, as a data file, as an indexed data set, and the like.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne une plate-forme pour mettre à jour une ou plusieurs propriétés d'un ou plusieurs jumeaux numériques qui comprend la réception d'une requête pour un ou plusieurs jumeaux numériques; l'extraction du ou des jumeaux numériques nécessaires pour satisfaire la requête à partir d'une mémoire de données de jumeaux numériques; l'extraction d'un ou plusieurs modèles dynamiques correspondant à une ou plusieurs propriétés qui sont représentées dans le ou les jumeaux numériques indiqués par la requête; la sélection de sources de données à partir d'un ensemble de sources de données disponibles sur la base de la ou des entrées du ou des modèles dynamiques; l'obtention de données à partir des sources de données sélectionnées; la détermination d'une ou plusieurs sorties à l'aide des données extraites en tant qu'entrée(s) vers le ou les modèles dynamiques; et la mise à jour de la ou des propriétés du ou des jumeaux numériques sur la base de la ou des sorties du ou des modèles dynamiques.
EP20894311.8A 2019-11-25 2020-11-25 Systèmes de jumeaux numériques à vibration intelligente et procédés pour environnements industriels Pending EP4066073A4 (fr)

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US201962939769P 2019-11-25 2019-11-25
US202063016974P 2020-04-28 2020-04-28
US202063054600P 2020-07-21 2020-07-21
US202063069548P 2020-08-24 2020-08-24
US202063111526P 2020-11-09 2020-11-09
PCT/US2020/062384 WO2021108680A1 (fr) 2019-11-25 2020-11-25 Systèmes de jumeaux numériques à vibration intelligente et procédés pour environnements industriels

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