Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
  • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
  • F24H1/202—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with resistances
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
  • F24H1/181—Construction of the tank
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
  • F24H9/00—Details
  • F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
  • F24H9/1809—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for water heaters
  • F24H9/1818—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a device for producing hot fluid, in particular domestic hot water.
• An object of the invention is to provide a hot fluid production device whose design allows equal volume of the tank with a tank of a hot fluid production device of the state of the art. optimize the quantity of hot fluid produced in relation to the quantity of stored liquid in the tank without affecting the quality of the control of the temperature of the fluid to be heated at the start of drawing.
• a heat exchanger comprising a primary circuit equipped with at least one fluid inlet and one fluid outlet, a secondary circuit fitted with at least one fluid inlet and one outlet and a heat exchange zone between the primary and secondary circuits located outside the tank,
• the device comprises a valve arranged on the loop circulation circuit between the tank and the primary circuit of the heat exchanger, a drive member in movement of the valve between an open position and a closed position, a unit control of at least the pump and the drive member in movement of the valve, the control unit being configured to control the actuation of the drive member in movement of the valve and therefore the passage of the valve from the open position to the closed position or vice versa depending on the on / off state of the pump.
• This particularly motorized controlled valve makes it possible to first authorize a thermosiphon and then to stop this phenomenon in order to keep the heat exchanger as cold as possible in order to make the temperature of the fluid to be heated more reliable at the start of the draw.
• the pump is a variable flow pump and the device comprises means for regulating the flow rate of said pump, these means for regulating the flow rate of the pump comprising a flow meter arranged, from preferably, at the input of the secondary circuit, and at least two temperature probes, at least one of which is arranged on the circulation circuit in a loop between the tank and the primary circuit of the heat exchanger, and the control unit is configured to control the pump at least according to the data supplied by the temperature probes and the flowmeter.
• the regulation means make it possible to offer very good reactivity and instantaneous production of hot water at a temperature close to the desired set point temperature.
• the flowmeter can be in another location, the presence of the flowmeter at the inlet of the secondary circuit can be used to control the operation of the pump only when a flow is detected, which limits the wear of the pump and limits the energy consumption of the device.
• the device comprises, at the input of the secondary circuit, in the connection zone of the input of the secondary circuit to at least one source of fluid to be heated, a duct arranged at least partially in the thickness of the tank, this so-called inlet duct which can be coupled at one end to the inlet of the secondary circuit of the heat exchanger dividing on the opposite end side of connection to at least one source of fluid to be heated in two branches one equipped with a shut-off member, the other with a flowmeter.
• the loop circulation circuit between the tank and the primary circuit of the heat exchanger comprises a forward branch arranged between the outlet of the tank and the inlet of the primary circuit and a return branch disposed between the outlet of the primary circuit and the inlet of the tank, the pump and the valve being preferably disposed on the outward branch of the loop circulation circuit.
• the tank is equipped with an orifice for filling the tank with liquid, this filling orifice being connected by a fluidic connection which can be closed to the portion of the secondary circuit extending between the entry of the secondary circuit and the heat exchange zone between the primary and secondary circuits of the heat exchanger.
• the closable fluid connection is provided at the level of the filling orifice with a connection part to the tank, this connection part being provided with a vent, an overflow orifice and an additional orifice acting as an overflow or a vent depending on the filling level of the tank.
• the outlet of the tank connectable to the inlet of the primary circuit is arranged in the upper third of the interior volume of the tank and the inlet of the tank connectable to the outlet of the primary circuit is arranged in the lower third of the interior volume of the tank. Thanks to this arrangement of the inlet and outlet of the tank, the temperature stratification also called thermal stratification of the liquid inside the tank is maintained. This allows better control of the temperature of the liquid leaving the tank.
• the tank comprises an enclosure, an enclosure at least partially surrounding the enclosure and an insulator disposed between the enclosure and the enclosure.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a device for producing domestic hot water in a configuration in which the pump is not operating to illustrate the thermosiphon emptying of the heat exchanger;
• FIG. 3 shows a perspective view, in exploded position of the constituent elements, of a device for producing hot water
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view, in exploded position of the elements, of the connection means fitted to the cold part of the heat exchanger;
• FIG. 8 is a perspective view, in exploded position of the elements, of the connection means fitted to the hot part of the heat exchanger;
• FIG. 10 shows a perspective view, in exploded position of the elements, of an electrical resistance suitable for being inserted into the tank.
• This hot liquid production device can be a domestic hot water production device suitable for installation in any type of construction.
• the device 1 for producing hot water therefore comprises:
• liquid receiving tank 2 equipped with at least one inlet 3 and one outlet 4 for fluid
• a heat exchanger 7 comprising a primary circuit 8 equipped with at least one inlet 8A and one fluid outlet 8B, a secondary circuit 9 equipped with at least one inlet 9A and one outlet 9B of fluid and a heat exchange zone 10 between primary 8 and secondary 9 circuits,
• valve 31 arranged on the circuit 11 for circulation in a loop between the tank 2 and the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7,
• control unit 17 at least of the pump 12 and of the drive member 32 in displacement of the valve 31.
• This control unit 17 is configured to control the actuation of the drive member 32 in displacement of the valve 31 in the direction of opening or closing of the valve 31 depending on the on / off state of the pump 12.
• the liquid contained in the tank 2 is therefore heated to supply the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger before returning to the tank.
• the cold water from the building's sanitary water circuit which is a pressurized water circuit, feeds the secondary circuit 9 of the heat exchanger 7.
• This sanitary cold water is heated at the level of the heat exchanger 7 by exchanging calories with the primary circuit 8 of said exchanger before being distributed to any of the water points of the construction.
• the liquid contained in the tank is said to be dead. Indeed, this liquid is not intended to be distributed but simply to heat the cold water of the sanitary water network.
• the liquid receiving tank 2 which may be water or an aqueous solution, or any other type of liquid is a tank with a vertical axis.
• this tank 2 has a face forming a bottom for supporting the ground and a top face, the longitudinal axis of the tank 2 passing through said faces.
• the tank is of generally parallelepipedal shape.
• At least the so-called inner part of the tank 2 capable of being in contact with the filling liquid of the tank 2 is made of synthetic material, in particular of polyolefin such as polypropylene.
• This tank 2 stores the liquid under pressure atmospheric.
• At least one safety vent 36 which will be described in more detail below can be provided to prevent any overpressure inside the tank 2.
• the tank 2 comprises an enclosure 51, an envelope 52 at least partially surrounding the enclosure 51, and an insulator 53 disposed between the enclosure 51 and the envelope 52.
• the liquid is contained within inside the enclosure 51.
• the enclosure 51 is therefore equipped with the liquid inlet 3 and outlet 4 with the liquid outlet 4 disposed at a level higher than the level occupied by the liquid inlet 3 of tank.
• This enclosure 51 is made of synthetic material, preferably of polyolefin.
• the tank 2 comprises, in the lower half of the tank 2, on the outer surface of the tank 2, a reservation 16 inside which the heat exchanger 7 is adapted to be housed to extend at least partially inside the overall jig of the tank 2.
• This reservation 16 is formed by a recess of said tank 2 formed in the side wall of the tank at the level of the zone of the side wall of the tank adjacent to the bottom of the tank.
• This reservation thus forms a housing for the heat exchanger outside the tank which can be closed by a cover.
• the heat exchanger 7 is thus placed outside the tank in the lower part of the tank 2, that is to say at the level of the lower half of the tank 2, near the bottom of the tank.
• This heat exchanger 7 is, in the state connected to the tank 2, arranged at a level lower than the level occupied by the inlet 3 of the tank 2 which can be connected to the outlet 8B of the primary circuit 8 of said exchanger 7 of heat.
• the circuit 11 for loop circulation between the tank 2 and the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7 comprises an outward branch 11 A disposed between the outlet 4 of the tank 2 and the inlet 8A of the primary circuit 8 and a return branch 11 B disposed between the outlet 8B of the primary circuit 8 and the inlet 3 of the tank, the pump 12 and the valve 31 being here arranged on the outward branch 11 A of the loop circulation circuit 11, which constitutes a preferred solution although the pump 12 and the valve 31 can also be placed on the return branch.
• the branch 11 A go is formed by a conduit, one end of which is permanently attached to the inlet 3 of the tank 2.
• This conduit has a length of conduit embedded in the insulation of the tank followed by a length of conduit which extends in the reservation 16 of the tank 2 to be connected to the inlet 8A of the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7.
• connection between the inlet 3 of the tank and the outlet 8B of the primary circuit of the exchanger is of shorter length than the connection between the outlet 4 of the tank and the inlet 8A of the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7.
• the outlet 4 of the tank connectable to the inlet 8A of the primary circuit 8 is arranged in the upper third of the internal volume of the tank 2 and the inlet of the tank 2 connectable to the outlet 8B of the primary circuit 8 is arranged in the lower third of the internal volume of the tank 2, it being understood that the upper third and the lower third are taken by reference to the total height of the internal volume of the vessel enclosure, this height being taken between the point on highest of internal volume and the lowest point of the internal volume in the position positioned on the ground of the tank resting by its face forming the bottom on a horizontal surface.
• the enclosure of the vessel has a maximum filling level and the outlet of the vessel is generally disposed below this maximum filling level in the upper third of the vessel.
• inlet 3 of tank 2 connectable to outlet 8B of primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger opens into tank 2 at a level lower than the level occupied by part 6 of the heating system housed in the tank 2.
• the aim is to extract liquid from the tank at the level of the hot zone of the tank and to reintroduce liquid into the tank at the level of the cold zone of the tank to avoid a disturbance of the thermal stratification which would cause turbulence generating a loss in volume of the volume of hot liquid that can be used.
• the device 1 comprises a clock 171 whose data can be sent to the control unit 17.
• the control unit 17 is for its part configured to control the actuation of the drive member 32 in displacement of the valve 31, that is to say the drive motor in displacement of the valve 31, in the direction of opening of the valve 31 in parallel with the control of starting the pump 12.
• the control unit 17 is further configured to control the actuation of the drive member 32 in displacement of the valve. 31 in the direction of closing of the valve 31 as a function of the data supplied by the clock 171.
• the control unit 17 is still configured to control the actuation of the drive member 32 in displacement. of the valve 31 in the direction of closing the valve 31 in the stopped state of the pump 12 after stopping the pump 12 for a predetermined period of time. This predetermined period of time which may be fixed or variable is generally of the order of a few minutes.
• the device 1 comprises means 13 for regulating the flow rate of said pump 12
• These means 13 for regulating the flow of the pump 12 comprise a flow meter 14 preferably arranged at the inlet of the secondary circuit 9, and at least two temperature probes 131 and 132, of which at least one, shown at 132 in the figures, is arranged. on the circulation circuit 11 in a loop between the tank 2 and the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7.
• the control unit 17 is configured to control the pump 12, and therefore, of course, the valve 31, at least according to the data supplied by the temperature probes 131 and 132. and the flowmeter 14.
• One of the temperature probes shown at 131 in the figures is arranged at the input of the secondary circuit 9.
• Other temperature probes such as a probe placed at the outlet of the secondary circuit 9, can also be provided.
• the device 1 comprises, at the inlet of the secondary circuit 9 in the connection zone of the inlet 9A of the secondary circuit 9 to the domestic cold water network, a pipe 18 disposed at least partially in the thickness of the tank 2.
• this duct 18 is here partially embedded in the insulation 53 of the tank 2.
• the end of the conduit 18 opposite to that connected to the inlet 9A of the secondary circuit 9 of the heat exchanger is divided into two branches, one connectable to the domestic cold water circuit and shown at 18B in the figures, the other, shown at 18A in the figures, connectable to a hot water circuit to allow immediate distribution of hot water at the outlet of the heat exchanger.
• the branch 18B is equipped with the flowmeter 14 which forms one of the regulating means of the pump 12.
• the other branch 18A of the duct 18 is equipped with a closure member 20, such as a solenoid valve.
• a temperature sensor 131 is arranged on the pipe 18, downstream of the connection zone of the branches 18A and 18B between them, between this zone of connection and input 9A of the secondary circuit of the heat exchanger.
• This temperature sensor 131 forms the temperature sensor, placed at the input of the secondary circuit of the heat exchanger, and capable of helping to regulate the pump 12.
• the device 1 comprises at the outlet 9B of the secondary circuit 9, in the connection area of the outlet 9B of the secondary circuit to a hot water distribution network, a duct 19 disposed at least partially in the thickness of the tank 2.
• this duct 19 is here partially embedded in the insulation 53 of the tank 2.
• a temperature probe can be placed on this duct 19.
• the temperature probe 132 to aid in the regulation of the pump 12 arranged on the circuit 11 for circulation in a loop between the tank 2 and the primary circuit 8 of the heat exchanger 7 can be placed in the tank 2 as in the example shown or at the inlet of the primary circuit 8 on the duct forming the branch 11 A outward from the loop circuit between the tank 2 and the heat exchanger 7.
• the device comprises, as mentioned above, a unit 17 for controlling at least the pump 12 and the valve 31, this control unit being configured to control the pump 12 and therefore the valve 31 to less as a function of the data supplied by the temperature probes 131, 132 and the flowmeter 14.
• the flow setpoint is given by the control unit for opening a water point of the construction.
• This control unit 17 is in the form of an electronic and computer system which comprises, for example, a microprocessor and a working memory.
• the control unit can have the form of a programmable logic controller.
• the functions and steps described can be implemented in the form of a computer program or via hardware components, for example programmable port networks, in particular, the functions and steps operated by the control unit or these modules can be produced by instruction and / or computer sets implemented in a process or controller or be produced by these dedicated electronic components or FPGA type components or ASIC. It is also possible to combine computer parts and electronic parts.
• the unit or means or modules of said unit are configured to carry out a given operation
• the regulation of the pump therefore uses at least the following input data:
• the flow rate of the pump is chosen.
• the heat exchanger comprises, at its cold part formed by the inlet 9A of the secondary circuit 9 and the outlet 8B of the primary circuit 8 arranged side by side on one face of the heat exchanger, a part 27 for connecting said inlet and outlet respectively to the duct 18 and to the return branch 11B.
• This connecting piece 27 which comprises two sections of pipe for said connections, forms the support of a drain valve 25 capable of allowing emptying of the tank via the return branch 11B.
• This connecting part 27 further secures the fixing of the heat exchanger 7 on the tank 2 and the fixing of the temperature probes.
• the heat exchanger 7 comprises, at its hot part formed by the inlet 8A of the primary circuit and the outlet 9B of the secondary circuit arranged side by side on the same face of the heat exchanger, a part 26 for connecting said inlet and outlet respectively to the outgoing branch 11A of the loop circuit and to the duct 19.
• This connecting part 26, which comprises two sections of pipe for said connections, also forms a connection means for the pump 12. This connecting part also supports some of the temperature probes.
• At least the heat exchanger, the pump 12 which has a variable flow rate, the valve 31 and its displacement drive member 32 and the means 13 for regulating the flow of the pump 12 form a ready-to-assemble assembly.
• the heat exchanger To allow operation of the heat exchanger, it is necessary to heat the temperature of the tank to a temperature generally close to 70 ° C in the upper part of the tank, this temperature being able to be controlled using a temperature probe 28 positioned as close as possible to the heating system 6, for example in the housing body 23 presented below.
• the heating system 6 can affect a large number of forms.
• the tank 2 comprises two electrical resistors, namely an upper electrical resistance and a lower electrical resistance, housed inside the tank, and a control unit for said electrical resistances.
• the control unit is configured to selectively control said electrical resistors. This control unit is also configured to control the electric heaters at different temperature set points.
• This control unit can be made common with the pump control unit 17 and is formed in the same way as that which has been described for the pump control unit of an electronic and computer system.
• each of the electrical resistors comprises, at the level of each of the electrical resistors, two opposite orifices 21, 22 formed one 21, in the enclosure 51, the other 22, in the casing 52, these orifices 21, 22 being connected by a housing body 23 with a drilled bottom 231 forming a connecting sleeve of said orifices 21, 22 between them.
• This housing body 23, made of synthetic material, is supported by its bottom on the enclosure 51, extending at least partially inside the enclosure 51.
• the hole in the bottom of the housing is bordered on the outside with a rim to form a tubular projection inserted into the orifice of the enclosure.
• the tubular protrusion of the housing body inserted into the orifice of the enclosure comprises two thermowells open towards the interior of the housing body, each thermowell being made integrally with the housing body.
• a temperature probe can be positioned inside one of the thermowells and a cut-off thermostat can be positioned inside the other of the thermowells.
• Each electrical resistance 61, 62 is in the form of an elongated body provided with a gasket 24 threaded onto the body of the resistance. This electrical resistance 61 or 62 is slidably introduced inside the housing body 23, passes through the bore 2311 in the bottom 231 of the housing body 23 to extend at least partially inside the tank 2.
• this electrical resistor 61 or 62 is positionable inside the housing body coaxially with the bore 2311 in the bottom of the housing body to project via said bore inside the enclosure, and is slidably movable to inside the housing body.
• the seal 24 in contact with sealed support with the resistance 61 or 62 sealingly closes the hole 2311 of the bottom 231 of the body 23 of the housing.
• a part 30 can also be slipped on the body of the resistance to come to cover the seal 24. This part 30 is fixed by screwing the body of the housing to prevent any untimely exit of the seal 24.
• This fastening part can therefore be slipped on the electrical resistance following the seal and is couplable by screwing to the housing body, this housing body comprising at least one screw hole made in one piece with said body.
• the housing body 23 is closed by a cover 29 masking the resistance which can be removed from the tank by a simple pull exerted on the resistance electric.
• This cover is housed in a reinforcement of the casing provided at the orifice of the casing.
• the housing body comprises a bottom and a peripheral side wall and that the peripheral side wall of the housing body is provided with an outer peripheral flange disposed resting on the part of the internal surface of the casing surrounding the orifice of the casing.
• the tank can only comprise an electrical resistance.
• Each resistor is a hairpin electrical resistor comprising a tubular body inside which is housed a resistive wire and at least one hot melt, the ends of the pin made in the form of two parallel branches each being provided with a electrical connector on which the gasket can be slipped.
• the tank 2 is equipped, in its third upper, of an orifice 33 for filling the tank 2 with liquid.
• This filling orifice 33 is connected by a fluidic connection 35 which can be closed off to the portion of the secondary circuit 9 extending between the inlet 9A of the secondary circuit 9 and the heat exchange zone 10 between the primary 8 and secondary 9 circuits of the heat exchanger 2.
• This closable fluidic connection 35 is provided at the level of the filling orifice 33 with a part 34 for connection to the tank 2.
• This connection part 34 is provided with a vent 36, an orifice 37 for overflow.
• the additional port 38 acting as an overflow or vent depending on the filling level of the tank 2.
• the additional port 38 is arranged at a higher level with respect to the overflow orifice 37.
• This additional orifice 38 is also placed at a lower level than that occupied by the vent 36.
• the configuration of this connection piece makes it possible to prevent any rising of “dead” water from the tank 2 into the distribution network. filling liquid during the tank filling operation.
• This part 34 for connection to the tank 2 is also equipped with a closure member 43.
• This closure member 43 is, in the example shown, a pivoting valve mounted to pivot about a so-called horizontal axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the connection part 34 which is a tubular part.
• This closure member 43 is shaped and dimensioned to be returned to the closed position under the effect of its own weight.
• This normally closed closure member 43 is therefore able to switch from the closed position to the open position under the effect, for example, of a filling of the tank.
• the presence of such a closure member makes it possible to limit the appearance of condensation at the level of the cover 54 of the casing, in particular at the level of the part of the cover 54 shown at 44 in the figures which overlap at least partially. the connection piece 34.
• the tank 2 is equipped with a so-called lower level sensor 39 and a so-called upper level sensor 40 arranged at different heights in the tank 2.
• these sensors are floats axially offset along a rod inside the tank 2.
• the closable fluidic connection is provided with a member 41 of obturation, such as a solenoid valve.
• This closure member 41 is equipped with an electrical control circuit 42.
• the electrical control circuit 42 is configured to pass from the closed state corresponding to the open position of the shutter member 41 to the open state corresponding to the closed position of the shutter member 41 at least at the same time. 'activated state of the upper level sensor 40.
• the latter ci acts as a switch of the electrical circuit 42 for controlling the shutter member 41 and switches the latter to open it.
• the device operates as follows:
• temperature data measured by the various temperature probes placed at the inlet and / or outlet of the primary and secondary circuits as well as the measured flow rate values are sent to the control unit 17 which opens the valve 31 and regulates the flow rate of the pump 12 as a function of said data to allow heating of the domestic cold water to the predetermined set temperature.
• the pump 12 is stopped and the heat exchanger 7 is drained by thermosiphon to avoid any stagnation of hot water inside the heat exchanger.
• the valve 31 is closed to prevent any further flow of fluid. Indeed, outside of a domestic hot water draw, the pump is stopped.
• the pump stops the cold water contained in the bottom of the tank pushes the lukewarm water from the exchanger back into the tank via the outgoing branch of circuit 11 in a loop between the tank and the heat exchanger. heat until the level of separation between cold water and hot water at the level of cold water in the tank and in the water pipe of the outbound branch of the loop circuit is the same.
• thermosiphon phenomenon the lukewarm water from the exchanger is replaced by cold water from the bottom of the tank by a thermosiphon phenomenon.

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• 2020
  • 2020-11-25 WO PCT/FR2020/052168 patent/WO2021105610A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-11-25 EP EP20820512.0A patent/EP4065901A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-11-25 US US17/779,353 patent/US20220404065A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-11-25 WO PCT/FR2020/052169 patent/WO2021105611A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-11-25 EP EP20820513.8A patent/EP4065907B1/de active Active
  • 2020-11-25 CA CA3158093A patent/CA3158093A1/fr active Pending
  • 2020-11-25 CA CA3158097A patent/CA3158097A1/fr active Pending
  • 2020-11-25 US US17/779,365 patent/US20230066658A1/en active Pending

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