EP4063615A1 - Tunnel drilling assembly and method for creating a tunnel - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for creating a tunnel and a tunnel boring arrangement with a tunnel boring machine (1) which has the following components: - a rotatably driven boring head (2), - a gripper device (3) with a central part (4) and two on the side Grippers (5) that can be extended from the central part (4) for lateral bracing on a previously excavated tunnel wall (6), - a propulsion device (8) acting in the longitudinal direction (7), which is connected to the gripper device (3) in order to braced gripper device (3) to press the drill head (2) against the tunnel face (9) and to gradually pull the gripper device (3) in its retracted position in the longitudinal direction (7).

Description

The invention relates to a tunnel boring assembly comprising a tunnel boring machine, a launch beam assembly and a connecting device. In addition, the invention relates to a method for creating a tunnel.

In particular, the invention relates to a tunnel boring arrangement which enables a tunnel boring machine to be started up without a launch tube. The tunnel boring machine is preferably a gripper tunnel boring machine.

In particular, such a tunnel boring machine can be used when the predicted compressive strength of the rock is so high that no roadheader can be used.

Such Gripper tunnel boring machines are known from the prior art and comprise a rotatably driven boring head which is pressed against the tunnel face so that the cutters or cutting rollers of the boring head break up the rock. The crushed pieces of rock are attached to the back of the drill head Paddle wheels or scrapers are transported to a conveyor belt and transported away from there in the longitudinal direction to the rear.

A cylindrical shield is provided immediately behind the drill head, which extends from the base area to the roof area. In the area of this sign or directly behind the sign, the first safety measures can be taken for the borehole that has been created.

This area is generally followed by an area of the tunnel boring machine in which the gripper device is provided. The gripper device has a central part and at least two grippers that can be extended laterally from the central part. These grippers can brace themselves laterally on the previously excavated tunnel wall in order to fix the tunnel boring machine in the longitudinal direction.

In addition, such a tunnel boring machine includes a propulsion device which attaches to the drill head or the shield on the one hand and to the gripper device on the other hand. The propulsion device is supported on the gripper device in order to press the drill head against the tunnel face.

The gripper device of conventional tunnel boring machines thus requires a tunnel wall running on both sides, on which it can be supported. However, in some applications, especially when starting up the tunnel boring machine, there are no suitable tunnel walls available. In this case, a starting tube formed by blasting is formed in advance, into which the tunnel boring machine can then be introduced so that the grippers can brace themselves laterally on this starting tube. In some cases, however, it is not possible to form a launch tube. For example, because the structural conditions do not permit such a launch tube or, for example, because conventional methods for forming the launch tube cannot be used. This is the case, for example, if other structures in the immediate vicinity would be endangered by the blasting or also in the case of steeply ascending or branching tunnel branches for which conventional devices cannot create the launch tubes at the desired inclination.

So-called seesaw constructions are known for starting up tunnel boring machines in steeply ascending starting tubes, in which the front part of a tunnel boring machine is placed on a seesaw and tilted upwards in order to continue drilling in this upward direction. However, this is associated with increased effort.

It is now the object of the invention to provide an arrangement and a method which enable efficient start-up operation of a tunnel boring machine. This includes, in particular, that the start-up operation can take place without starting tubes. In particular, this also includes the fact that the start-up operation can be carried out without gripping. In addition, it should be possible for a rocker device for tilting the tunnel boring machine to be omitted.

The object according to the invention is achieved in particular by the features of the independent patent claims.

• einen drehbar angetriebenen Bohrkopf,
• eine Grippervorrichtung mit einem Mittelteil und mit zwei seitlich von dem Mittelteil ausfahrbaren Grippern zum seitlichen Verspannen an einer zuvor ausgebrochenen Tunnelwand,
• eine in Längsrichtung wirkende Vortriebsvorrichtung, die mit der Grippervorrichtung verbunden ist, um im Regelbetrieb bei verspannter Grippervorrichtung den Bohrkopf gegen die Tunnelbrust zu drücken und um die Grippervorrichtung in ihrer zurückgezogenen Stellung schrittweise in Längsrichtung nachzuziehen.

The invention relates to a tunnel boring arrangement with a tunnel boring machine, which in particular has the following components:

• a rotatably driven drilling head,
• a gripper device with a central part and with two grippers that can be extended laterally from the central part for lateral bracing on a previously excavated tunnel wall,
• a longitudinally acting propulsion device, which is connected to the gripper device in order to press the boring head against the tunnel face during normal operation when the gripper device is braced and to progressively pull the gripper device in its retracted position in the longitudinal direction.

In the retracted position, the grippers of the gripper device are pulled in the direction of the central part or are arranged at a distance from the tunnel wall and are therefore free or not braced.

Preferably, the tunnel boring assembly includes at least one longitudinally extending launch beam assembly that is fixed in place.

The tunnel boring arrangement preferably comprises a connecting device, by means of which the gripper device is coupled to the starting beam arrangement in the longitudinal direction during start-up operation when the propulsion device presses the drill head against the tunnel face.

If necessary, it is provided that the connecting device for the detachable coupling of the gripper device to the approach beam arrangement is set up at a plurality of coupling points along the approach beam arrangement.

If necessary, it is provided that the propulsion device engages in the starting operation via the gripper device and the connecting device on the starting beam arrangement in order to press the drill head against the tunnel face when the connecting device is coupled and to pull the gripper device and the connecting device step by step in the longitudinal direction when the connecting device is decoupled.

If necessary, it is provided that the start-up beam arrangement acts as an abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device and the drill head during start-up operation.

If necessary, it is provided that the start-up beam arrangement acts as the only abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device and the drill head during start-up operation.

If necessary, provision is made for the grippers of the gripper device to be arranged freely or unbraced during the start-up operation and in particular not to be braced against the tunnel wall.

If necessary, provision is made for the launch beam arrangement to be attached to the ground or to the tunnel floor.

If necessary, it is provided that the connecting device is attached to the central part of the gripper device.

If necessary, it is provided that at least one gripper counter-holder is assigned to at least one gripper, which supports the gripper against the forces acting on the gripper from the propulsion device.

If necessary, it is provided that the at least one gripper counter-holder is arranged behind the respective gripper, viewed in the longitudinal direction, and supports the gripper from behind against the forces acting on the gripper from the propulsion device.

If necessary, it is provided that the gripper counter-holder is provided in addition to the hydraulic cylinder of the respective gripper.

If necessary, it is provided that the starting beam arrangement has an upwardly curved transition curve running in the longitudinal direction and, if necessary, a steep section which runs obliquely upwards and adjoins this transition curve.

If necessary, it is provided that in addition to the driving device of the tunnel boring machine, an auxiliary driving device is provided which, at least during a partial area of the starting process, acts on the one hand in the base area of the shield of the drill head and on the other hand is detachably connected to the starting beam arrangement.

Optionally or at times, the tunnel boring arrangement can include one or more anti-slip devices. These anti-slip devices can be connected on the one hand to the starting beam arrangement and on the other hand to the tunnel boring machine in order to improve the support and in particular to prevent slipping back. For example, the anti-slip device can be designed as a drill head safety device.

Alternatively or additionally, a tipping device can be provided, which ensures that parts of the tunnel boring machine or the following anti-tipping device are protected from tipping up plate-shaped or strut-shaped bodies that detachably connect the respective part to be protected from tipping over to the starting beam arrangement.

If necessary, in all embodiments a retightening device can be provided at least temporarily, which can actively retighten or move parts of the tunnel boring machine. For example, such a towing device comprises a hydraulic cylinder which can be attached to the starting beam arrangement on the one hand and to a component of the tunnel boring machine on the other hand. By actuating this retightening device, for example, the trailer of the tunnel boring machine can be retightened or the retightening of the trailer can be assisted. If necessary, the towing device and/or the towing safety device prevent the trailer from lifting off the ground.

Such a retightening device can be particularly advantageous when a transition bend is provided through which the entire tunnel boring machine has to be pulled. Such a re-tightening device can preferably be provided in the area of the transition bend. The retightening device can optionally be connected to that component of the tunnel boring machine that is currently in the area of the retightening device.

• ortsfeste Montage einer in Längsrichtung verlaufenden Anfahrträgeranordnung,
• Zustellen einer Tunnelbohrmaschine entlang der Anfahrträgeranordnung Richtung Ortsbrust der zu erstellenden Tunnelbohrung, wobei die Tunnelbohrmaschine insbesondere einen drehbar angetriebenen Bohrkopf, eine Grippervorrichtung mit einem Mittelteil und mit zwei seitlich von dem Mittelteil ausfahrbaren Grippern zum seitlichen Verspannen an einer zuvor ausgebrochenen Tunnelwand und eine in Längsrichtung wirkende und an der Grippervorrichtung angreifende Vortriebsvorrichtung umfasst, wobei die Vortriebsvorrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, im Regelbetrieb bei verspannter Grippervorrichtung den Bohrkopf gegen die Tunnelbrust zu drücken und die Grippervorrichtung in ihrer zurückgezogenen Stellung schrittweise in Längsrichtung nachzuziehen.

In particular, the invention relates to a method for creating a tunnel, comprising the following steps:

• stationary assembly of a longitudinally running launch beam arrangement,
• Delivery of a tunnel boring machine along the girder arrangement in the direction of the working face of the tunnel bore to be created, the tunnel boring machine in particular having a rotatably driven boring head, a gripper device with a central part and with two grippers that can be extended laterally from the central part for lateral bracing on a previously excavated tunnel wall and a longitudinally acting and on the gripper device attacking propulsion device, wherein the propulsion device is set up to press the drill head against the tunnel face in regular operation with clamped gripper device and gradually pull the gripper device in its retracted position in the longitudinal direction.

The method according to the invention is carried out in particular by a tunnel boring arrangement according to the invention.

It is preferably provided that the gripper device is coupled to the starting beam arrangement in the longitudinal direction during start-up operation, and that the propulsion device is then actuated, as a result of which the drill head is pressed against the working face and the tunnel boring machine is supported on the starting beam arrangement in the longitudinal direction via the connecting device.

• die Tunnelbohrmaschine gegebenenfalls in Längsrichtung gesichert wird,
• die Verbindungsvorrichtung von der Anfahrträgeranordnung entkoppelt wird,
• die Vortriebsvorrichtung anschließend derart betätigt wird, dass die Grippervorrichtung nachgezogen wird,
• die Verbindungsvorrichtung anschließend mit der Anfahrträgeranordnung an einer in Längsrichtung weiter Richtung Tunnelbrust liegenden Kopplungsstelle gekoppelt wird,
• und die Vortriebsvorrichtung betätigt wird, wodurch der Bohrkopf an die Tunnelbrust gedrückt wird und die Tunnelbohrmaschine in Längsrichtung über die Verbindungsvorrichtung an der Anfahrträgeranordnung abgestützt ist.

If necessary, it is provided that after a certain drilling progress during the start-up operation:

• if necessary, the tunnel boring machine is secured in the longitudinal direction,
• the connecting device is decoupled from the launch beam arrangement,
• the propulsion device is then actuated in such a way that the gripper device is pulled along,
• the connecting device is then coupled to the launch beam arrangement at a coupling point located further in the longitudinal direction towards the tunnel face,
• and the propulsion device is actuated, whereby the boring head is pressed against the tunnel face and the tunnel boring machine is supported longitudinally via the connecting device on the dummy beam assembly.

If necessary, it is provided that the tunnel boring machine is moved during delivery or in the start-up operation along an upwardly curved transition curve of the start-up beam arrangement and possibly further into a steep section adjoining this transition curve that runs obliquely upwards.

If necessary, provision is made for the drill head to be held, moved and/or tilted at least temporarily by an auxiliary propulsion device during infeed or during start-up operation.

If necessary, it is provided that the back-up of the tunnel boring machine is connected to the tunnel boring machine during delivery or in the start-up operation.

If necessary, it is provided that the steep section has an incline of 20 to 50°, in particular of 30 to 40°.

If necessary, it is provided that the diameter of the excavated tunnel is between 3m and 8m, in particular between 4m and 7m, preferably between about 4m and 6m.

If necessary, it is provided that the arrangement is suitable for a flying approach, that is to say without gripper bracing, in particular without an approach tube.

If necessary, it is provided that the propulsion force introduced by the propulsion device is supported on the starting beam arrangement via the connecting device.

If necessary, it is provided that the forces arising from the rotation of the drill head are supported via the connecting device on the starting beam arrangement.

If necessary, it is provided that the drilling forces, that is to say in particular the longitudinal forces of the propulsion device and the torque of the rotation of the drill head, are absorbed by the starting beam arrangement during the starting operation. Particularly in the case of operation without a gripper, these forces are absorbed almost entirely by the starting beam arrangement. If necessary, provision can be made for the tunnel boring machine to be supported on the tunnel wall via the grippers in addition to the starting beam arrangement, as soon as a suitable starting tube is available.

In all of the embodiments, it is preferably provided that the propulsion device is supported exclusively on the clamped gripper device and in particular not on the starting beam arrangement during normal operation during the drilling stroke.

In all of the embodiments, it is preferably provided that the tunnel boring machine includes a stepping device that enables support when or while the gripper device is in its retracted position and is in particular being pulled up.

Provision is preferably made for the propulsion device to have a maximum stroke which is defined in particular by the stroke of a feed cylinder, for example a hydraulic feed cylinder of the propulsion device. The stroke length can be between 1 m and 2 m, for example, preferably around 1.5 m. The tunnel boring machine can thus be moved step by step over several strokes.

A reinforced concrete foundation is preferably provided, on which the launch beam arrangement is attached.

It is preferably provided that the starting beam arrangement comprises two starting beams running in the longitudinal direction. The approach beams preferably run parallel to one another in the longitudinal direction.

Provision is preferably made for the coupling of the connecting device to the starting beam arrangement to be designed in a form-fitting manner, at least in the longitudinal direction.

Provision is preferably made for the lateral coupling of the connecting device to the starting beam arrangement to be designed in a form-fitting manner, in particular for absorbing the torque produced by the rotation of the drill head.

In particular, the connection device is coupled to the launch beam arrangement via bolts engaging in a form-fitting manner in bolt openings in the launch beam arrangement.

It is preferably provided that the starting beam arrangement comprises a multiplicity of bolt openings which are arranged in a row in particular along the longitudinal direction.

It is preferably provided that the launch beam arrangement comprises a plurality of assembly devices with which the launch beams are attached to the concrete foundation. In particular, the start-up beams can comprise a row of bolt openings, via which a bolt connection to the mounting device or mounting devices can be established.

Due to the large number of bolt openings, on the one hand a flexible assembly of the starting beam arrangement can preferably take place. In addition, the connecting device can be flexibly coupled to the approach beam arrangement at different points.

It is preferably provided that the connecting device comprises a plurality of U-shaped or at least L-shaped mounting feet which enclose part of the starting beam arrangement, in particular one starting beam each, in order to produce a lateral form-fitting mounting of the connecting device in relation to the starting beam arrangement. The form-fitting connection of the connecting device to the launch beam arrangement can take place in particular via bolts that are guided through the side walls of these mounting feet and through the bolt openings of the launch beam arrangement. By removing the bolts, the connecting device can be shifted in the longitudinal direction relative to the launch beam arrangement.

Provision is preferably made for the connecting device to be attached to the central part of the gripper device. In particular, the connecting device is firmly connected to the central part of the gripper device. When the gripper device is moved by the propulsion device, in particular when the gripper device is pulled along, the connecting device is also pulled along as a result. With this pulling along, the connecting device is preferably displaced along the starting beam arrangement, with the connecting device being guided by the mounting feet encompassing the starting beam arrangement.

The invention is further described below with reference to figures and exemplary embodiments.

1 shows a schematic oblique view of components of an arrangement according to the invention.

the Figures 2a to 2c show three different positions of the arrangement during start-up in a schematic view.

the Figures 3a and 3b show two different positions of the arrangement when delivering the tunnel boring machine in a schematic view.

4 shows a schematic side view of the launch beam arrangement.

figure 5 shows a schematic sectional view of the arrangement in the area of the approach beam arrangement.

Unless otherwise indicated, the reference symbols correspond to the following components: tunnel boring machine 1, drill head 2, gripper device 3, central part 4, gripper 5, tunnel wall 6, longitudinal direction 7, propulsion device 8, tunnel face 9, launch beam arrangement 10, connecting device 11, coupling points 12, tunnel floor 13 , Gripper counter-holder 14, auxiliary propulsion device 15, approach beam 16, assembly foot 17, bolt opening 18, bolt 19, assembly device 20, guide surface 21, shield 22, trailer 23, transition bend 24, steep section 25, drill head safety device 26.

1 shows a schematic oblique view of components of a tunnel boring arrangement according to the invention.

The arrangement includes a tunnel boring machine 1, but only selected components are shown. The tunnel boring machine 1 comprises a boring head 2 which can be driven or is driven in rotation about an axis running in the longitudinal direction 7 . At the end of the drill head 2 pointing in the direction of the tunnel face 9, roller bits or cutting rollers are provided, which are pressed against the tunnel face 9 in order to break up the rock or the soil and create a tunnel bore.

In addition, the tunnel boring machine 1 includes a gripper device 3. The gripper device 3 includes a central part 4 and several, in this case two, on the side Grippers 5 that can be extended and retracted from the central part 4. The grippers 5 can be extended from the central part 4 in order to brace the gripper device 3 against a previously excavated tunnel wall 6. This lateral bracing fixes the tunnel boring machine 1 or the gripper device 3 in a region of the tunnel.

A propulsion device 8 acts between the drill head 2 and the gripper device 3 . The propulsion device 8 can change its length in the longitudinal direction 7 in order, on the one hand, to press the drill head 2 against the tunnel face 9 when the gripper device 3 is braced. On the other hand, the propulsion device 8 can pull the gripper device 3 in the longitudinal direction 7 when the gripper device 3 is relaxed, ie not braced. If the gripper device 3 is tightened, it can brace itself again with its grippers 5 in order to carry out a further stroke of the propulsion device 8 and to drive the drill head 2 further into the rock.

The basic structure of the tunnel boring machine 1 of all embodiments should preferably correspond to the structure of a conventional gripper tunnel boring machine. In addition, however, the arrangement according to the invention also allows the tunnel boring machine 1 to be advanced without gripper bracing. For this purpose, the tunnel boring arrangement comprises a starting beam arrangement 10 and a connecting device 11. In the present embodiment, the starting beam arrangement 10 comprises two starting beams 16. The starting beams 16 run parallel to one another and along the longitudinal direction 7. The starting beams 16 are stationarily mounted via mounting devices 20. In particular, the launch beam arrangement 10 is attached in the area of the tunnel floor 13 or in the floor area. A concrete foundation is preferably provided, to which the mounting devices 20 are attached. The approach beams 16 are connected to this assembly device 20 . As in the present embodiment, the connection can be made via bolts 19 protruding through bolt openings 18 .

In all embodiments, the approach beams 16 can be designed in several parts in the longitudinal direction 7, so that modules are formed that can be reused in several tunnel bores. By choosing the number and type of modules different approach carrier arrangements 10 can be formed depending on requirements.

If the drill head 2 is now to be pressed against the tunnel face 9 without the gripper device 3 enabling bracing in a previously excavated tunnel wall 6, the connecting device 11 is used. The connecting device 11 can be detachably connected to the launch beam arrangement 10 . In addition, the connecting device 11 is connected to the gripper device 3 , in particular to the central part 4 of the gripper device 3 . Through this connection of the connecting device 11 with the gripper device 3 on the one hand and the fixed approach beam arrangement 10 on the other hand, the propulsion device 8 can now press the drill head 2 against the tunnel face 9 without the need for gripper bracing. If the drill head 2 is driven a certain distance into the rock by the propulsion device 8, the connection between the connecting device 11 and the starting beam arrangement 10 can be released. In a next step, the connecting device 11 is pulled along with the gripper device 3 in the longitudinal direction 7 in order to be connected again to the starting beam arrangement 10 at a further coupling point 12 located further forward. Then the tunnel boring can be continued.

In the present embodiment, the connection device 11 is coupled to the start-up beam arrangement 10 via mounting feet 17 of the connection device 11. These mounting feet 17 can be releasably connected or coupled to the start-up beam arrangement 10. In particular, the coupling occurs again through bolt openings 18 running bolts 19.

Provision is preferably made for the connecting device 11 to enable a form-fitting coupling with the starting beam arrangement 10 . In particular, the mounting feet 17 are U-shaped and open downwards. As a result, lateral guidance of the mounting feet 17 and thus of the connecting device 11 relative to the starting beam arrangement 10 in the longitudinal direction 7 is formed. This longitudinal guide is preferably formed in a form-fitting manner at the side. The coupling in the longitudinal direction 7, which allows the drill head 2 to be advanced by the propulsion device 8, is achieved by a form-fitting coupling, for example by means of bolts 19 and a bolt opening 18, is made possible.

In the conventional drive of the tunnel boring machine 1, the gripper device 3 is clamped to the tunnel wall 6 via the grippers 5. Since the grippers 5 are held essentially stationary on the tunnel wall 6 by the bracing, it is advantageous for mechanical reasons to have the propulsion device 8 attached to the grippers 5 . In particular, the propulsion device 8 comprises at least one hydraulic cylinder, which attaches at one end to a gripper 5 and at the other end to the drill head 2 or its shield 22 . In the present embodiment, the propulsion device 8 comprises two hydraulic cylinders, each of which preferably acts on a gripper 5 . As a result, the propulsion device 8 is supported directly on the tunnel wall 6 via the braced grippers 5 .

However, when the device according to the invention is being started up, the grippers 5 are arranged at a distance from the tunnel wall 6 and are not braced against the tunnel wall 6 . The power flow emanating from the propulsion device 8 runs in the starting mode via at least one gripper 5 to the central part 4 and from the central part 4 via the connecting device 11 to the starting beam arrangement 10, which is then attached in a stationary manner. The grippers 5 can generally be extended laterally via hydraulic cylinders running transversely. In order to prevent the forces emanating from the propulsion device 8 from exerting too great a bending moment on the hydraulic cylinder of the gripper device 3, a gripper counter-holder 14 is provided in the present embodiment. Viewed in the longitudinal direction 7, the gripper counter-holder 14 is arranged behind the gripper 5 and supports it from behind. The force flow emanating from the propulsion device 8 thus runs via the gripper 5 and the gripper counter-holder 14 to the central part 4 and further via the connecting device 11 and the approach beam arrangement 10. The gripper counter-holder 14 thus moves the gripper 5 in the longitudinal direction 7 against that of the propulsion device 8 outgoing forces supported. The gripper counter-holder 14 preferably runs in the transverse direction of the tunnel boring machine 1, so that the gripper 5 can move in and out unhindered, but is nevertheless supported from behind if this is necessary. Optionally, in all embodiments, also upstream of the gripper 5 Gripper counter-holder 14 can be provided, so that the gripper 5 is guided and/or supported on both sides, ie viewed in the longitudinal direction 7 at the front and rear.

If necessary, the gripper 5 is connected to the tunnel boring machine 1 in all of the embodiments in such a way that the gripper 5 can no longer move in and out at the point in time when the approach beam arrangement 10 acts as the only abutment. If necessary, the connection is designed in such a way that the gripper 5 can be moved in and out again by loosening fastening means, in particular screws. The gripper 5 can thus be releasably fixed in order to prevent extension when the starting beam arrangement 10 acts as an abutment.

The gripper counter-holder 14 is preferably rigidly connected to the central part 4 of the gripper device 3 . The gripper counter-holder 14 is preferably provided in addition to those guide devices which are provided for guiding and holding the gripper 5 in conventional tunnel boring machines.

It is preferably provided that the tunnel boring machine 1 comprises a main beam running in the longitudinal direction 7 . Provision is preferably made for the central part 4 of the gripper device 3 to be mounted on the main support such that it can be displaced in the longitudinal direction 7 . In all of the embodiments, it is preferably provided that the tunnel boring machine 1 is designed as a simply braced gripper machine.

the Figures 2a, 2b and 2c show different positions of a tunnel boring arrangement according to the invention, in particular during start-up operation. In this position, the tunnel walls 6 are so far away from the gripper device 3 that the grippers 5 cannot be braced against the tunnel walls 6 . In this start-up operation, it is provided according to the invention that the tunnel boring machine 1 is supported on a start-up beam arrangement 10 . For this purpose, the tunnel boring machine 1 is detachably coupled to the starting beam arrangement 10 via a connecting device 11 . In particular, the connecting device 11 is coupled to the launch beam arrangement 10 at coupling points 12 . The coupling takes place in the longitudinal direction 7 against the forces of the propulsion device 8. In addition, however, the drill head 2 can also be rotated driven, whereby the coupling also occurs transversely to the longitudinal direction 7 in order to support the torque emanating from the drill head 2 .

In the position of Figure 2a the propulsion device 8 is in its retracted position. In this, the drill head 2 can be pressed against the tunnel face 9 in order to drive the drill head 2 further into the rock.

In Figure 2b the drill head 2 is driven further into the rock by a certain amount, so that the tunnel face 9 is arranged further forward when viewed along the longitudinal direction 7 . During a stroke of the propulsion, the connecting device 11 preferably remains coupled to the starting beam arrangement 10 and is therefore not moved in relation to the starting beam arrangement 10 . Only the drill head 2 is rotated and moved further in the longitudinal direction 7 .

When the drilling stroke is essentially completed, the connection between the connecting device 11 and the starting beam arrangement 10 is released and the propulsion device 8 pulls the connecting device 11 in the longitudinal direction 7 . In particular, the propulsion device 8 pulls the gripper device 3 and the connecting device 11 attached to the gripper device 3 in the longitudinal direction 7 .

As in Figure 2c shown, the connecting device 11 is then reconnected to the starting beam arrangement 10 at a coupling point 12 located further forward in order to carry out a further drilling stroke.

In order to prevent the drill head 2 from slipping backwards when the gripper device 3 is pulled back, a drill head safety device 26 can be provided. This drill head safety device 26 preferably engages on the shield 22 of the drill head 2 and is detachably connected to the launch beam arrangement 10 on the other hand. As a result, the drill head safety device 26 can also be tracked at different points in order to secure the drill head 2 from slipping back.

In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction 7 follows a transition curve 24 and a steep section 25. The approach beam arrangement 10 or its

Anfahrträger 16 have a transition curve 24 and a steep section 25. The tunnel boring machine 1 is preferably moved along this longitudinal direction 7 .

If necessary, an auxiliary carrier can be provided which increases the curvature of the transition curve 24 or cuts it off geometrically.

It is preferably provided that in all steps of the method, in particular also in the start-up operation, the back-up 23 of the tunnel boring machine 1 is part of the tunnel boring machine 1 and is pulled along.

In all of the embodiments, it is preferably provided that the tunnel boring machine 1—in a conventional manner—comprises a stepping device that enables support when the gripper device 3 is pulled up.

the Figures 3a and 3b show two further positions of the tunnel boring arrangement according to the invention, in particular when the tunnel boring machine 1 is being delivered. The existing tunnel approach can be formed, for example, by blasting or other conventional methods. The launch beam arrangement 10 is attached in the area of the tunnel floor 13 or in the floor area. Subsequently, the tunnel boring machine 1 can be delivered along the approach beam arrangement 10 . For this purpose, as in the Figures 2a to 2c shown, step-by-step advancing by the propulsion device 8 can take place, with the gripper device 3 being connected to the starting beam arrangement 10 via the connecting device 11 when the drill head 2 is moved in the longitudinal direction 7 .

In the area of the transition curve 24, a geometric position may occur in which the connecting device 11 is lifted off the starting beam arrangement 10. It may not be possible to connect the connecting device 11 to the starting beam arrangement 10 in this position. This position is, for example, in Figure 3b to see.

In order to be able to move or start up the tunnel boring machine 1 efficiently in this area as well, an auxiliary driving device 15 is provided in the present embodiment. This auxiliary propulsion device 15 can be connected on the one hand to the launch beam arrangement 10 and on the other hand to the drill head 2 , in particular the shield 22 of the drill head 2 . The auxiliary propulsion device 15 preferably engages in the sole area of the shield 22 . The auxiliary propulsion device 15 can move the drill head 2 along the longitudinal direction 7 when actuated. Due to the fact that the auxiliary propulsion device 15 acts eccentrically, in particular in the bottom area of the shield 22, the auxiliary propulsion device 15 can also be used to incline the drill head 2 and in particular to direct it upwards. The auxiliary propulsion device 15 thus makes it possible to move the drill head 2 along the transition floor 24 and also to incline it upwards in the direction of the steep section 25 .

The auxiliary driving device 15 is preferably provided to transport the tunnel boring machine 1 through the transition floor 24 . For the actual tunnel bore, however, it is preferably necessary for the gripper device 3 to be fixed in place. According to the invention, the stationary attachment of the gripper device 3 takes place at least partially by connecting the connecting device 11 to the approach beam arrangement 10. Additionally or alternatively, the gripper device 3 can be fixed by lateral bracing of the grippers 5 as soon as a suitable tunnel excavation is available.

The positions of the tunnel boring arrangement Figures 3a and 3b are in particular positions when delivering or starting the tunnel boring machine 1, these positions occur before those positions that in the Figures 2a to 2c are shown.

4 12 shows a schematic side view of the launch beam arrangement 10. This comprises at least one launch beam 16 running in the longitudinal direction 7. The launch beam 16 is connected to the ground, in particular to the tunnel floor 13, via a plurality of assembly devices 20. Concrete foundations are preferably provided in the area of the tunnel floor 13 or in the floor area, to which the launch beam arrangement 10 can be rigidly attached. The assembly device 20 is preferably set up for the form-fitting installation of the approach beam 16 on the floor. In the present embodiment, a plurality of bolt openings 18 are provided, through which bolts 19 run, in order to create a rigid, form-fitting connection of the hitch beam 16 with the assembly device 20 . The assembly device 20 can be connected to the floor, for example, using conventional types of connection, in which case a bolt-dowel connection can be particularly advantageous. The bolt openings 18 are preferably arranged in a row in the lower region of the hitch beam 16 , resulting in a large number of different options for producing a coupling with the assembly device 20 . Preferably, the dummy beam 16 has a second row of bolt openings 18 located above this lower row of bolt openings. A connection to the connecting device 11 can be established via the upper row of bolt openings.

figure 5 Figure 12 shows a schematic sectional view of some components of the tunnel boring assembly. An approach beam arrangement 10 comprises two approach beams 16 running parallel, which are connected to the ground via mounting devices 20 . In all of the embodiments, an intermediate layer can be inserted between the floor and the mounting devices 20 , which, for example, compensates for uneven floors or enables precise alignment of the mounting device 20 . The assembly devices 20 are designed in particular for the form-fitting holding and fixing of the start-up beams 16 . The connection preferably takes place via bolt openings 18 and bolts 19. The mounting devices 20 preferably comprise a U-shaped section or two upstanding webs, which are each provided with bolt openings 18. The dummy beams 16 also include bolt openings 18 which are preferably aligned with the bolt openings 18 of the mounting device 20 in order to pass a bolt 19 through and make the connection.

In addition, bolt openings 18 located further up are also provided, which are set up for connection to the connecting device 11 . For this purpose, the connecting device 11, in particular its mounting feet 17, has bolt openings 18 which are arranged in alignment with bolt openings 18 in the approach beam 16 to pass a bolt 19 through and establish a connection or coupling. The coupling can be released again by removing the bolts 19.

The mounting feet 17 preferably have a U-shaped profile that is open at the bottom. An approach beam 16 can be arranged in the intermediate space of the U-shaped profile, so that the mounting foot 17 encompasses the approach beam 16 laterally. As a result, a lateral form-fitting coupling or a guide in the longitudinal direction 7 is produced. For coupling in the longitudinal direction 7, a form-fitting connection device 11 is preferably provided, which is a combination of a bolt 19 with a bolt opening 18 in the present embodiment.

The approach beam arrangement 10 preferably has two guide surfaces 21 . These guide surfaces 21 are suitable and/or set up to guide the drill head 2 during start-up operation. In particular, the approach beams 16 each have a guide surface 21 .

The guide surfaces 21 follow a contour that enables the drill head 2 to be guided centrally. In the present embodiment, the two approach beams 16 each have an inwardly inclined guide surface 21 in their inner area. This V-shaped or trough-shaped arrangement of the guide surfaces 21 guides the drill head 2 between the two approach beams 16 .

Claims (14)

Tunnel boring arrangement, with a tunnel boring machine (1), which has the following components: - a rotatably driven drilling head (2), - a gripper device (3) with a central part (4) and with two grippers (5) that can be extended laterally from the central part (4) for lateral bracing on a previously excavated tunnel wall (6), - A propulsion device (8) acting in the longitudinal direction (7), which is connected to the gripper device (3) in order to press the drill head (2) against the tunnel face (9) in normal operation when the gripper device (3) is braced and to press the gripper device ( 3) in its retracted position, gradually pull it in the longitudinal direction (7), characterized, - that the tunnel boring arrangement has at least one fixedly attached approach beam arrangement (10) running in the longitudinal direction (7), - and that a connecting device (11) is provided, by means of which the gripper device (3) is coupled to the starting beam arrangement (10) in the longitudinal direction (7) during start-up operation when the propulsion device (8) presses the drill head (2) against the tunnel face (9 ) presses. Tunnel boring arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that - that the connecting device (11) for the detachable coupling of the gripper device (3) to the approach beam arrangement (10) is set up at a plurality of coupling points (12) along the approach beam arrangement (10), - that the propulsion device (8) engages in the starting operation via the gripper device (3) and the connecting device (11) on the starting beam arrangement (10) in order to press the drill head (2) against the tunnel face (9) when the connecting device (11) is coupled and in order to gradually pull the gripper device (3) and the connecting device (11) in the longitudinal direction (7) when the connecting device (11) is decoupled. Tunnel boring arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that - That the Anfahrträgeranordnung (10) in the starting operation as an abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device (8) and the drill head (2), - and/or that the start-up beam arrangement (10) acts as the only abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device (8) and the drill head (2) during start-up operation, - And/or that the grippers (5) of the gripper device (3) are arranged freely or without tension during the start-up operation and, in particular, are not braced against the tunnel wall (6). Tunnel boring arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the launch beam arrangement (10) is attached to the ground or to the tunnel floor (13). Tunnel boring arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the connecting device (11) is attached to the central part (4) of the gripper device (3). Tunnel boring arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that - that at least one gripper counter-holder (14) is assigned to at least one gripper (5), which supports the gripper (5) against the forces acting on the gripper (5) from the propulsion device (8), - optionally that the at least one gripper counter-holder (14) is arranged behind the respective gripper (5) viewed in the longitudinal direction (7) and the gripper (5) from behind against the forces acting on the gripper (5) from the propulsion device (8). supports, - In particular that the gripper counter-holder (14) is provided in addition to the hydraulic cylinder of the respective gripper (5). Tunnel boring arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that - That the Anfahrträgeranordnung (10) along the longitudinal direction (7) extending upwardly curved transition curve (24) and on these Transition curve (24) has subsequent steep section (25) running obliquely upwards. Tunnel boring arrangement according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in addition to the driving device (8) of the tunnel boring machine (1), an auxiliary driving device (15) is provided which, at least in a partial area of the starting process, on the one hand in the bottom area of the shield (22) of the Drill head (2) attacks and on the other hand is releasably connected to the Anfahrträgeranordnung (10). Procedure for creating a tunnel, comprising the following steps: - Fixed installation of a launch beam arrangement (10) running in the longitudinal direction (7), - Delivery of a tunnel boring machine (1) along the approach beam arrangement (10) in the direction of the working face of the tunnel bore to be created, the tunnel boring machine (1) having a rotatably driven boring head (2), a gripper device (3) with a central part (4) and with two laterally the central part (4) comprises extendable grippers (5) for lateral bracing on a previously excavated tunnel wall (6) and a propulsion device (8) acting in the longitudinal direction (7) and acting on the gripper device (3), the propulsion device (8) for this purpose is set up to press the drill head (2) against the tunnel face (9) in normal operation with the gripper device (3) braced and to gradually pull the gripper device (3) into its retracted position in the longitudinal direction (7), characterized, - that the gripper device (3) is coupled in the longitudinal direction (7) during the start-up operation with the start-up beam arrangement (10), - and that the propulsion device (8) is then actuated, as a result of which the drill head (2) is pressed against the working face and the tunnel boring machine (1) is supported on the connecting device (11) in the longitudinal direction (7) on the starting beam arrangement (10). Method according to Claim 9, characterized in that after a certain drilling progress during the start-up operation: - if necessary, the tunnel boring machine (1) is secured in the longitudinal direction (7), - the connecting device (11) is decoupled from the starting beam arrangement (10), - the propulsion device (8) is then actuated in such a way that the gripper device (3) is pulled along, - the connecting device (11) is then coupled to the approach beam arrangement (10) at a coupling point (12) lying further in the longitudinal direction (7) in the direction of the tunnel face (9), - and the propulsion device (8) is actuated, whereby the drill head (2) is pressed against the tunnel face (9) and the tunnel boring machine (1) is supported in the longitudinal direction (7) via the connecting device (11) on the starting beam arrangement (10). Method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that - that the launch beam arrangement (10) acts as an abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device (8) and the drill head (2) in the launch mode, - and/or the starting beam arrangement (10) acts as the only abutment for the longitudinal and rotational forces emanating from the propulsion device (8) and the drill head (2) in the starting mode, - And/or that the grippers (5) of the gripper device (3) are arranged freely or without tension during the start-up operation and are not braced against the tunnel wall (6). Method according to one of Claims 9 to 11, characterized in that the tunnel boring machine (1) during delivery or in the start-up operation along an upwardly curved transition bend (24) of the start-up beam arrangement (10) and further into a diagonally adjoining transition bend (24). is moved upwards steep section (25). Method according to one of Claims 9 to 12, characterized in that the drill head (2) is held, moved and/or tilted at least temporarily by an auxiliary propulsion device (15) during delivery or in the start-up operation. Method according to one of Claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the back-up device (23) of the tunnel boring machine (1) is connected to the tunnel boring machine (1) during delivery or in the start-up operation.

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