EP4061114A1 - Procédé pour déterminer et optimiser la teneur en au moins une composante végétale d'au moins une partie d'une plante - Google Patents
Procédé pour déterminer et optimiser la teneur en au moins une composante végétale d'au moins une partie d'une planteInfo
- Publication number
- EP4061114A1 EP4061114A1 EP20811314.2A EP20811314A EP4061114A1 EP 4061114 A1 EP4061114 A1 EP 4061114A1 EP 20811314 A EP20811314 A EP 20811314A EP 4061114 A1 EP4061114 A1 EP 4061114A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plant
- wavelength
- chlorophyll fluorescence
- content
- ingredient
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M chlorophyll a Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 ATNHDLDRLWWWCB-AENOIHSZSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 114
- 229930002875 chlorophyll Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 235000019804 chlorophyll Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000005316 response function Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 45
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 18
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 13
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012067 mathematical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229930002868 chlorophyll a Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 229930002869 chlorophyll b Natural products 0.000 description 2
- NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M chlorophyll b Chemical compound C1([C@@H](C(=O)OC)C(=O)C2=C3C)=C2N2C3=CC(C(CC)=C3C=O)=[N+]4C3=CC3=C(C=C)C(C)=C5N3[Mg-2]42[N+]2=C1[C@@H](CCC(=O)OC\C=C(/C)CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@H](C)C2=C5 NSMUHPMZFPKNMZ-VBYMZDBQSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000019516 nonphotochemical quenching Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010606 normalization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017807 phytochemicals Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930000223 plant secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930013930 alkaloid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003698 anagen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010208 anthocyanin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930002877 anthocyanin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004410 anthocyanin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004636 anthocyanins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009614 chemical analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavonol Natural products O1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C(O)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 HVQAJTFOCKOKIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002216 flavonol derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011957 flavonols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001795 light effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004940 physical analysis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000062645 predators Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6486—Measuring fluorescence of biological material, e.g. DNA, RNA, cells
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N2021/635—Photosynthetic material analysis, e.g. chrorophyll
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/061—Sources
- G01N2201/06193—Secundary in-situ sources, e.g. fluorescent particles
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2201/00—Features of devices classified in G01N21/00
- G01N2201/06—Illumination; Optics
- G01N2201/062—LED's
- G01N2201/0627—Use of several LED's for spectral resolution
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for determining the content of at least one plant ingredient in at least part of a plant.
- the invention also relates to a method for optimizing the content of at least one plant constituent of at least one plant at the time of harvesting the at least one plant.
- Phytonutrients can be divided into primary phytochemicals and secondary phytochemicals.
- the primary plant constituents include the substances that are essential for plant growth, such as chlorophyll. There are different types of chlorophyll that are common can occur in a plant.
- the secondary plant constituents protect the plant against UV radiation, other weather influences and predators, for example.
- many phytonutrients are considered beneficial for human health.
- These secondary phytonutrients are especially formed by the plant under stress. The stress on the plant can be triggered, for example, by moisture, drought, heat, cold, carbon dioxide content in the air, shifting the day-to-night cycle, unfavorable lighting conditions, UV radiation, touching the plant or damaging the plant.
- the complicated mechanisms behind it are not yet sufficiently understood.
- the secondary plant constituents include, for example, alkaloids, amino acids, polyphenols, anthocyanins and flavonols. While the secondary plant constituents are mainly deposited in the epidermis of the leaves, i.e. near the leaf surface, chlorophyll occurs in the palisade tissue below the epidermis. Chlorophyll absorbs light energy, most of which is used for photosynthesis. A part of the light energy that cannot be used but is nevertheless absorbed is emitted again in the form of fluorescence, the so-called chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF), in the area of the dark red color spectrum of light.
- ChlF chlorophyll fluorescence
- the invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing the method of the type mentioned at the beginning and described in greater detail in such a way that the content of plant constituents, in particular secondary ones Plant constituents, can be determined and optimized more appropriately from at least part of a plant.
- This object is achieved according to claim 1 by a method for determining the content of at least one plant ingredient of at least part of a plant,
- the chlorophyll fluorescence is measured at least essentially the same wavelength and / or at least essentially the same wavelength range.
- the stated object is also achieved according to claim 13 by a method for optimizing the content of at least one plant constituent of at least one plant at the time of harvesting the at least one plant,
- the invention is based on the fact that light hitting a plant is absorbed to different degrees by primary and secondary plant constituents.
- the unabsorbed light is partly reflected back by the plant (reflection) and partly passes through the plant (transmission), whereby the corresponding proportions can vary greatly from plant to plant and from wavelength to wavelength.
- Many primary and secondary phytonutrients absorb light of different wavelengths to different degrees.
- Some plant constituents absorb light in a very narrow wavelength range and others in a broader wavelength range, whereby the The proportion of the absorbed radiation also varies within the respective wavelength range and has an absorption maximum or several local absorption maxima in this wavelength range.
- the proportion of the absorbed radiation plotted over the wavelength results in a more or less characteristic curve for many plant constituents.
- the invention takes into account that the chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) of a plant, in particular a leaf, depends on how much light actually penetrates to the chlorophyll in the palisade tissue. The proportion of this light is lower, the more light is already absorbed in the epidermis by secondary plant constituents. Since this relationship occurs differently at different wavelengths, the at least one part of the at least one plant is irradiated with light of at least two different wavelengths and / or of at least two different wavelength ranges. In response to the irradiation with the first wavelength or the first wavelength range, the chlorophyll fluorescence is measured at a specific wavelength and / or in a specific wavelength range. The same occurs in response to the irradiation with the second wavelength or the second wavelength range. If necessary, the same thing also takes place in response to the irradiation with further wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.
- ChlF chlorophyll fluorescence
- the wavelength ranges are very broad, the more different interactions overlap. Especially it is therefore preferred if the light for irradiating the at least one part of the sheet, that is to say the respective excitation radiation, is at least almost monochromatic. For practical reasons, it can be expedient to irradiate the at least part of the at least one plant with light sources which emit a certain wavelength range. LEDs are particularly suitable here, the light of which is almost, but not necessarily exactly, monochromatic, i.e. has only one wavelength.
- the wavelength ranges preferably include wavelength intervals of less than 100 nm, preferably less than 50 nm, in particular less than 20 nm, further in particular less than 10 nm.
- the measurement results of the chlorophyll fluorescence obtained in this way can be used to infer the content of at least one plant substance.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence can be recorded over the entire wavelength range of the chlorophyll fluorescence.
- the spectrum of the chlorophyll fluorescence can alternatively or additionally also be recorded when recording the chlorophyll fluorescence, it being conceivable that the wavelengths or the wavelength range are recorded at which or in which the chlorophyll fluorescence occurs.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence can also be recorded depending on the wavelength of the chlorophyll fluorescence spectrum, ie the distribution or the “shape” of the chlorophyll fluorescence over the wavelength.
- the determination of the spectrum of the chlorophyll fluorescence can also be limited to a wavelength range that is smaller than the entire wavelength range in which the chlorophyll fluorescence occurs.
- the spectrum of the chlorophyll fluorescence can be recorded, for example, with a so-called hyperspectral camera.
- hyperspectral camera Such cameras take pictures of a large number of closely spaced wavelengths.
- hyperspectral data cubes can be formed that have two spatial dimensions (spatial directions) and one spectral dimension (spatial direction ).
- the information about the chlorophyll fluorescence is then contained, for example as a kind of response function, for the purpose of evaluation.
- the spectrum of chlorophyll fluorescence depends on plant-specific factors and light effects, such as the LHC (Light Harvesting Complex) or the NPQ (Non Photochemical Quenching).
- LHC Light Harvesting Complex
- NPQ Non Photochemical Quenching
- the spectrum of the chlorophyll fluorescence as such can alternatively or additionally be used for the evaluation.
- a large number of chlorophyll fluorescence values for different wavelengths up to a continuous fluorescence spectrum can be used as the basis for further evaluation.
- a wavelength or a wavelength range for irradiating the at least one part of the plant is in the vicinity of the absolute absorption maximum of the at least one plant constituent. Then a particularly large amount of light is absorbed by the at least one plant ingredient, namely the more the greater the content or concentration of the at least one plant ingredient in the leaf or in the epidermis of the leaf.
- a further wavelength or a further wavelength range is selected in such a way that at this wavelength or in this wavelength range there is no or only very little absorption of light by the at least one secondary plant constituent, these measured values of the chlorophyll fluorescence can be particularly useful for a comparison with the The aim can be used to derive a statement about the content of the at least one plant ingredient. Under certain circumstances, however, this can be impaired by the fact that at the last-mentioned wavelength or the The latter wavelength range another secondary plant constituent absorbs a large part of the light.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence depends not only on the wavelength of the excitation radiation, but also on the intensity of the excitation radiation. In principle, the greater the radiation intensity at a certain wavelength, the greater the chlorophyll fluorescence. It can therefore be useful in principle to normalize the values of the chlorophyll fluorescence, for example, to the radiation intensity of the excitation radiation and / or to set the radiation intensity for all or each of the excitation radiations. Then particularly reproducible measurement results can be obtained.
- the information obtained in the corresponding way about the content of the at least one plant ingredient can also be used to optimize the content of the at least one plant ingredient. If necessary, experience from the past can be used to determine which measures, in which cases, had a positive influence on the content of the at least one plant ingredient.
- the method described can be used to better recognize and understand these relationships. For example, the growth conditions can be observed and / or changed over the growth of the plants and, in parallel, the effects on the content of the at least one plant constituent can be determined using the appropriate method.
- the two methods are described below together, without distinguishing between the two methods in each case. However, the person skilled in the art can see from the context which features are particularly preferred for which method.
- the measured values of the chlorophyll fluorescence are compared with one another and / or with reference values in order to infer the content of the at least one plant ingredient based on empirical values, for example.
- This comparison can preferably be based on the values of the chlorophyll fluorescence as a function of the wavelengths and / or labor length ranges used for the irradiation.
- the wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can namely have a not inconsiderable influence on the chlorophyll fluorescence.
- response signals in the form of chlorophyll fluorescence for a certain wavelength can be obtained and compared.
- the response signals for a wavelength range of chlorophyll fluorescence can also be compared.
- the response signals for different wavelengths and / or labor length ranges of the chlorophyll fluorescence can each be compared separately.
- the results of comparisons for different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can also be compared with one another.
- the at least one part of the plant can be sequentially irradiated with light of at least three, preferably of at least four, in particular of at least five, different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges, in response to the irradiation of the at least one part of the plant with light from the at least three, preferably of the at least four, in particular of the at least five, different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges in each case the chlorophyll fluorescence is measured at least essentially the same wavelength and / or at least essentially the same labor length range. It goes without saying that the irradiation can also take place with significantly more than five different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.
- the absorption maxima can be selected at least partially from plant constituents, of which the content is to be determined. It is further understood that four, five, six or more wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can also be selected analogously.
- At least one of the different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can be selected at least essentially in the region of the absorption maximum of a chlorophyll.
- the value of the chlorophyll fluorescence assigned to the absorption maximum of the at least one chlorophyll can be used as a reference value for determining the content of the at least one plant ingredient. It is also conceivable that the determined values of the chlorophyll fluorescence are normalized based on the chlorophyll fluorescence for the absorption maximum of chlorophyll.
- a response function is recorded from the measured values of the chlorophyll fluorescence as a function of the wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges used for the irradiation, this can be evaluated easily, reproducibly and quickly using mathematical methods known per se. If necessary, the response function can be evaluated by a comparison with reference response functions.
- the reference response functions can in particular be taken from a reference library for corresponding response functions to which certain contents of the at least one plant ingredient are assigned.
- the content of the at least one plant ingredient corresponds, for example, approximately to the content assigned to the reference response function, which corresponds best to the recorded response function.
- a curve fitting can be carried out using the wavelength-dependent response function, which is also referred to as curve adaptation or compensation calculation.
- certain parameters of a certain curve function can be calculated, which correlate with the content of the at least one plant ingredient.
- the curve function for example a specific polynomial, can be specified. However, it can also be determined which curve function can be adapted most precisely to the response function. The information about the corresponding curve function and the corresponding parameters can then correlate with the content of the at least one plant ingredient.
- the method of minimizing the error amount deviation, minimizing the error square deviation and higher powers, minimizing the difference between the individual value amounts, which are known per se, can be used.
- response functions Bx are recorded for different concentrations (c) of all relevant plant constituents X, and, if possible, independently of one another, the concentration dependency of the response functions for the plant constituents can thus be determined.
- concentration dependency of the response functions for the plant constituents can thus be determined.
- These can then be stored in a library so that they can be used as the basis of a curve function for curve fitting, since the recorded response function can potentially be viewed as a superimposition of response functions from the individual plant constituents.
- the curve function could then have the following form, to which the measured response function M (l) can be approximated:
- BReference (l) a (c) * Bi (l) + b (c) * Bp (l) + c (c) * Bip (l) + d (c) * Bin (l) + ... + n (c) * Bc (l)
- the following relationship can apply for the dependence on the concentration c of the plant constituents X of the response functions Bx of the respective plant constituents X:
- the response functions of the plant ingredients for the library could in particular be determined separately on the basis of a so-called artificial leaf reproduced in the laboratory as a function of the wavelength of the irradiation.
- the artificial leaf could have an artificial epidermis layer and an artificial layer of palisade tissue, which are modeled on the tactile layers of a real leaf and can each have predetermined concentrations of chlorophyll in the artificial layer of the palisade tissue and the corresponding secondary plant constituents in the artificial epidermis layer . It must be taken into account that different plants and different leaves of a plant can differ in terms of their leaf structure, so that conclusions can only be drawn from one type of leaf to another type of leaf or from one plant to another plant.
- the frequencies recorded over the time of irradiation with different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges can be used to determine a frequency spectrum by means of a Fourier transformation, in particular Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), on which a comparison can be based.
- FFT Fast Fourier Transformation
- the Fourier transformation does not take place here on a time-dependent signal, but on a wavelength-dependent signal, in particular on such a response function.
- a curve discussion can also be carried out and evaluated using the response function.
- Conclusions about the content of the at least one plant ingredient can then be drawn on the basis of maxima, minima, turning points, slopes and / or curvatures, in particular in certain areas of the response function become. It is also conceivable that integrals and / or partial integrals of the response functions enable conclusions to be drawn about the content of the at least one plant ingredient.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence can also be recorded in a location-dependent or location-resolved manner, so that different locations on a leaf, different locations on a plant and / or different plants can be viewed and evaluated separately at the different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges of the irradiation. Consequently, in response to the irradiation of the at least one part of the plant with light of each wavelength and / or with each wavelength range, the chlorophyll fluorescence at least essentially the same wavelength and / or at least essentially the same wavelength range at different locations of the at least one part of the plant can be measured. In this way it can be avoided that local differences superimpose one another and lead to an imprecise determination of the content or the concentration of the at least one plant ingredient.
- the content or the concentration of the at least one plant constituent can be examined in a targeted manner at certain points on a leaf, different points on a plant and / or different plants.
- a spatially resolved recording of the chlorophyll fluorescence it is advisable if the chlorophyll fluorescence is recorded by means of a corresponding sensor, preferably a camera, in particular an IR camera and / or a hyperspectral camera. In the latter cases, the chlorophyll fluorescence can be measured separately at different pixels and / or pixel areas of the images recorded by the camera.
- the measured values of the chlorophyll fluorescence for each location are compared separately with one another and / or with reference values.
- the comparison tends to be all the more meaningful if the corresponding values of the chlorophyll fluorescence depend on the irradiation used wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges are compared with the reference values. In this way, a location-dependent detection of the content of the at least one plant ingredient can be achieved.
- response functions can be recorded separately from the measured values of the chlorophyll fluorescence for each location, in particular for each pixel and / or each pixel area, depending on the wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges used for the irradiation.
- These response functions can then be evaluated particularly expediently, in particular using known mathematical methods.
- the evaluation can be carried out, for example and in a simple manner, in that the respective response functions assigned to the individual locations, in particular pixels, are evaluated by a comparison with reference response functions, by curve fitting or by curve adaptation or compensation calculation and / or by a curve discussion.
- the advantages already indicated in this context are achieved here.
- the content of the at least one plant constituent is at least part of a leaf of a plant, a leaf of a plant, several leaves of a plant, all leaves of a plant, an entire plant, at least parts of several Plants or a total of several plants is determined.
- the corresponding area of the at least one plant should be irradiated with the different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges and the chlorophyll fluorescence of the corresponding areas should be measured.
- At least part of a leaf of a plant, a leaf of a plant, several leaves of a plant, all leaves of a plant, an entire plant, at least parts of several plants or several plants are irradiated with light of different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges and that the chlorophyll fluorescence of a specific wavelength and / or a specific wavelength range of the at least part of a leaf of a plant, a leaf of a plant, several leaves of a plant, all leaves of a Plant, an entire plant, at least parts of several plants or of several plants is measured.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence can be recorded by means of a camera and the images from the camera or certain pixels or pixel areas of the images from the camera can be converted or converted into gray values.
- the corresponding gray values can then be assigned values of the chlorophyll fluorescence.
- the associated gray values can be determined in advance for certain known values of the chlorophyll fluorescence in order to be able to draw conclusions later from the recorded gray values about specific chlorophyll fluorescences.
- the at least one plant constituent of at least part of a plant is determined in vivo.
- the biomass to be harvested in the future is therefore not reduced, or at least not significantly reduced, even by a great number of studies of the type mentioned.
- the at least one part of the plant can be irradiated successively with pulsed light of different wavelengths and / or wavelength ranges.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence values obtained in this way are then more reproducible.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence can optionally take place in transmission and / or reflection based on the irradiation of at least one part of the plant.
- the harvest time is selected according to the determined content of the at least one plant ingredient of the at least one part of the at least one plant. If the corresponding content of the plant ingredient is not satisfactory, the harvest is awaited and, if necessary, an attempt is made in the meantime to increase the content of the at least one plant ingredient, for which purpose the growth conditions can be adjusted if necessary.
- the growth conditions of the plants can be the humidity, the light intensity, the light wavelength range, the temperature, the C02 content of the air, the supply of nutrients and the day-night cycle.
- At least one growth condition of the at least one plant can also be controlled, in particular regulated, on the basis of the determined content of the at least one plant constituent of the plant according to predetermined criteria.
- the content of the at least one plant ingredient can be increased in a targeted manner.
- This can take place, for example, at certain suitable growth phases of the plants or only shortly before harvest.
- strong growth of the plant can be achieved through suitable growth conditions and, on the other hand, the production of the secondary plant constituents can be stimulated at certain times.
- FIG. 3 shows the chlorophyll fluorescence of a leaf detected with the method according to FIG. 1 as a function of the wavelength of the excitation radiation
- FIGS. 4A-B show alternative configurations of the method shown in principle in FIG. 1 and FIGS. 4A-B.
- FIG. 5 shows exemplary spectra of the chlorophyll fluorescence.
- a method for determining the content of at least one plant ingredient 1 of a leaf 2 of a plant 3 is shown schematically.
- the leaf 2 has a layer called epidermis 4 near the surface, in which, among other things, secondary plant constituents 1 are contained.
- the sheet 2 has a layer called palisade fabric 5, in which chlorophyll 6, here the two types chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, is contained.
- the corresponding sheet 2 is successively irradiated with radiation 7, the excitation radiation, in the form of light of different wavelengths li-1A, for which purpose different radiation sources 8 in the form of LEDs are used in the method shown, which is preferred in this respect.
- the light or the excitation radiation 7 is partially absorbed in the epidermis 4 of the leaf 2 by secondary plant constituents 1 on its way into the palisade tissue 5 of the leaf 2. This part of the radiation 7 which is absorbed in the epidermis 4 and which is possibly reflected, consequently does not reach the palisade fabric 5 and the chlorophyll 6 there in the leaf. In the palisade fabric 5 is the the remaining part of the radiation 7 is again partially absorbed.
- chlorophyll 6 cannot use the entire radiation energy for photosynthesis and emits part of the absorbed radiation energy in the form of the so-called chlorophyll fluorescence 9 (ChlF).
- the intensity of the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 is dependent on the radiation intensity, which is also referred to as radiation intensity, and on the wavelength 1 of the excitation radiation 7.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 is detected for each of the excitation radiations 7 with the aid of a sensor 10, in the present case in reflection, that is to say from the same side of the sheet 2 from which the sheet 2 was irradiated with the excitation radiation 7.
- the sensor 10 for detecting the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 in the illustrated embodiment is an IR camera (infrared camera). The sensor 10 detects radiation in the infrared wavelength range. Pairs of values of chlorophyll fluorescence 9 and excitation radiation 7 are then formed, which are used for further evaluation.
- the intensity of the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 recorded by the sensor 10 is basically greater, the more radiation is absorbed by the chlorophyll 6. For this reason, the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 tends to decrease if more radiation is absorbed in the epidermis 4 and if the radiation intensity of the excitation radiation 7 is reduced.
- the proportion of the absorbed radiation 7 basically decreases with the content of the plant constituents 1 which at least partially absorb the radiation 7 of the respective wavelength 1.
- the plant constituents 1 Since the content of the plant constituents 1 remains constant during the measurement on a part of a plant 3, such as on a leaf 2 of the plant 3, the plant constituents 1 absorb the radiation 7 from the different radiation sources 8 to different degrees in the different labor length ranges a characteristic response function 11 to the irradiation as the labor length dependence of the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 can be obtained.
- the different radiation intensity of the radiation 7 as a result of different Absorption and chlorophyll fluorescence 9 of different strengths is illustrated in FIG. 1 by the different line thicknesses of the arrows characterizing the corresponding excitation radiation 7 and chlorophyll fluorescence 9.
- FIG. 2A shows the wavelength-dependent absorption of chlorophyll a 6.1 and chlorophyll b 6.2 and the wavelength-dependent chlorophyll fluorescence 9.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 comprises wavelengths greater than 650 nm, while the absolute absorption maxima are in the range between 400 nm and 500 nm.
- FIG. 2B shows the wavelength-dependent absorption of exemplary secondary plant constituents 1.1-1.3, each of which has different local absorption maxima exhibit.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 therefore depends to a large extent on the excitation wavelength 1 and the composition of the leaf being examined, in particular on the contents or concentrations of the secondary plant constituents 1.
- FIG. 1 shows the wavelength-dependent absorption of chlorophyll a 6.1 and chlorophyll b 6.2 and the wavelength-dependent chlorophyll fluorescence 9.
- the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 comprises wavelengths greater than 650 nm, while the absolute absorption maxima are in the range between 400 nm and 500
- response functions 11 are exemplarily shown over the wavelength 1 of the excitation radiation 7, which was recorded with the previously described method for different concentrations c1-c3 of a certain plant ingredient 1 in the epidermis 4 of an artificially modeled leaf.
- the absolute values of the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 are not only lower with increasing concentration, the form of the response function 11 also varies to a certain extent with the concentration of the plant constituent 1. For this reason, the corresponding response function 11, especially after normalization to the same radiation intensity can be compared with response functions from a library for known concentrations of the phytonutrients 1.
- the response functions 11 stored in the library can also have been recorded on artificially modeled leaves, because different compositions, in particular of the secondary plant constituents 1, can easily be set in this way.
- the response functions 11 can alternatively or additionally also be determined on real leaves 2 and the composition of the examined leaves 2 can be analyzed in a conventional manner. In this way, if necessary, more realistic response functions 11 can be obtained and / or the response functions 11 determined on artificial leaves can be at least partially verified.
- At least one characteristic value of the response function 11 can be determined, likewise if necessary after a normalization of the response function 11.
- This can be, for example, a slope of the response function 11 in a specific wavelength range and / or the ratio of specific local maxima of the response function 11.
- Such a characteristic parameter could also be an integral or a partial integral in a specific wavelength range. It is also conceivable that it is useful to determine different plant constituents 1 to determine different characteristic values or to compare them with corresponding values from a library.
- FIGS. 4A-B relate to alternative configurations of the method shown in principle in FIG. 1.
- the schematic representation of FIG. 4A not only a single sheet 2 or a specific section of a sheet 2 is irradiated with different excitation length 7 to generate a characteristic chlorophyll fluorescence 9. Rather, the entire plant 3 is irradiated.
- the direction of the irradiation and the direction from which the chlorophyll fluorescence 9 is detected are preferably specified in order to examine the same plant 3 at different times using the corresponding method with regard to the content of at least one plant ingredient 1.
- composition of the phytonutrients 1 in a plant 3 changes from leaf 2 to leaf 2 can clearly differ, to increase the informative value and / or to avoid many individual measurements on many individual leaves 2, it may be advisable to examine the entire plant 3 at the same time. If certain types of plants are planted in large numbers on a large area, it can also be useful if a whole group of plants 3 is examined together at the same time. This is shown schematically in FIG. 4B. This takes into account the fact that the contents of certain plant constituents 1 can differ greatly from location to location. For the sake of simplicity and reproducibility, it is advisable to examine a group, particularly a large group, of plants together
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
L'invention concerne un procédé pour déterminer la teneur en au moins une composante végétale (1) d'au moins une partie d'une plante (3). L'invention a pour objet de permettre à la teneur en composantes végétales, notamment en composantes végétales secondaires, d'au moins une partie d'une plante d'être déterminée et optimisée de manière plus appropriée. À cet effet, l'au moins une partie de la plante (3) est exposée successivement à de la lumière (7) caractérisée par des longueurs d'onde différentes et/ou des plages de longueurs d'onde différents, puis, en réponse à l'exposition de l'au moins une partie de la plante (3) à la lumière (7) de chaque longueur d'onde et/ou de chaque plage de longueurs d'onde, la fluorescence chlorophyllienne (9) est mesurée respectivement au moins sensiblement dans la même longueur d'onde et/ou au moins sensiblement sur la même plage de longueurs d'onde.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019131650.2A DE102019131650A1 (de) | 2019-11-22 | 2019-11-22 | Verfahren zum Ermitteln und Optimieren des Gehalts von wenigstens einem Pflanzeninhaltsstoff von wenigstens einem Teil einer Pflanze |
PCT/EP2020/082929 WO2021099588A1 (fr) | 2019-11-22 | 2020-11-20 | Procédé pour déterminer et optimiser la teneur en au moins une composante végétale d'au moins une partie d'une plante |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4061114A1 true EP4061114A1 (fr) | 2022-09-28 |
Family
ID=73543286
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20811314.2A Pending EP4061114A1 (fr) | 2019-11-22 | 2020-11-20 | Procédé pour déterminer et optimiser la teneur en au moins une composante végétale d'au moins une partie d'une plante |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230044049A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4061114A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102019131650A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021099588A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102022107746A1 (de) | 2022-03-31 | 2023-10-05 | Lytegate GmbH | Verfahren und Messanordnung zur Untersuchung organischen Materials |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4650336A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-17 | Advanced Genetic Sciences, Inc. | Measurement of variable fluorescence of plants |
US5296702A (en) * | 1992-07-28 | 1994-03-22 | Patchen California | Structure and method for differentiating one object from another object |
SE502148C2 (sv) * | 1993-12-03 | 1995-08-28 | Bexelius | Anordning för mätning av mängden fast substans i ett fluidum med ljus |
NL1002870C2 (nl) * | 1996-04-15 | 1997-10-17 | Inst Voor Agrotech Onderzoek | Werkwijze en stelsel voor het bepalen van de kwaliteit van een gewas. |
ATE218705T1 (de) * | 1998-10-28 | 2002-06-15 | Deutsch Zentr Luft & Raumfahrt | Fluoreszenz-detektor-anordnung zur bestimmung von bedeutsamen vegetationsparametern |
NL1021476C2 (nl) * | 2002-09-17 | 2004-03-18 | Plant Res Int Bv | Werkwijze en inrichting voor het bepalen van de kwaliteit van plantaardig materiaal en werkwijze en inrichting voor het sorteren van plantaardig materiaal. |
GB0808340D0 (en) * | 2008-05-08 | 2008-06-18 | Univ Edinburgh | Remote sensing system |
US9429521B2 (en) * | 2012-05-30 | 2016-08-30 | Board Of Trustees Of Michigan State University | Plant phenometrics systems and methods and devices related thereto |
JP6485850B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-17 | 2019-03-20 | 国立大学法人京都大学 | 植物の活力診断方法、並びにこれに用いられる計測システム及び診断システム |
EP2887053A1 (fr) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-24 | Basf Se | Détermination d'une infection fongique d'une plante par fluorescence de chlorophylle induite par longueurs d'onde d'excitation différentes |
DE102014212657B4 (de) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-03-10 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | System und Verfahren zur bedarfsgerechten Zuführung von Beleuchtungsenergie an Pflanzen |
US20190059202A1 (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2019-02-28 | Michael C. Lorek | Artificial Intelligence System for In-Vivo, Real-Time Agriculture Optimization Driven by Low-Cost, Persistent Measurement of Plant-Light Interactions |
-
2019
- 2019-11-22 DE DE102019131650.2A patent/DE102019131650A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-11-20 US US17/778,532 patent/US20230044049A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-20 WO PCT/EP2020/082929 patent/WO2021099588A1/fr unknown
- 2020-11-20 EP EP20811314.2A patent/EP4061114A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2021099588A1 (fr) | 2021-05-27 |
US20230044049A1 (en) | 2023-02-09 |
DE102019131650A1 (de) | 2021-05-27 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP2603787B1 (fr) | Système de capteurs et procédé de détermination d'une propriété optique d'une plante | |
EP2405258B1 (fr) | Procédé de formation pour un algorithme adaptatif d'évaluation, un appareil d'hyperspectroscopie, ainsi que dispositif de distribution de moyens de production | |
DE69637261T2 (de) | Messung von H2O2-Dampf in Anwesenheit von Wasserdampf | |
DE3741026A1 (de) | Verfahren und system zur (spuren-) gasanalyse | |
DE202014010558U1 (de) | Vorrichtung zur Aufnahme eines Hyperspektralbildes | |
WO2017067545A1 (fr) | Détermination optique des facteurs de protection de moyens de protection solaire ou d'autres moyens de protection contre les rayonnements | |
DE102007053574A1 (de) | Farbmessgerät | |
EP3921633A1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour l'analyse de plantes | |
EP3865052A1 (fr) | Système de mesure et procédé de mesure pour déterminer le facteur de protection d'une crème solaire | |
WO2021099588A1 (fr) | Procédé pour déterminer et optimiser la teneur en au moins une composante végétale d'au moins une partie d'une plante | |
WO2016116291A1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de détermination de l'effet de substances actives sur des nématodes et d'autres organismes dans des tests aqueux | |
WO2013189488A1 (fr) | Procédé, dispositif et appareil de mesure portatif pour la détection de produits de dégradation de molécules biologiques dans des couches d'un système de couches | |
DE60304338T2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur qualitätsbestimmung von pflanzenmaterial sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zum sortieren von pflanzenmaterial | |
EP4182673A1 (fr) | Système et procédé de mesure | |
DE102017219625B4 (de) | Anordnung zum Ermitteln von Körperoberflächeneigenschaften mittels mehrfach-ortsaufgelöster Reflexionsspektroskopie (MSRRS) | |
EP1483951A1 (fr) | Procédé et appareil pour déterminer la demande d'engrais dans les jardins | |
EP2382916B1 (fr) | Dispositif et procédé de détermination de la teneur en graisses du corps humain | |
DE4000584A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur konzentrationsbestimmung von isotopen | |
DE102007010879B4 (de) | Sensor und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Sauerstoffversorgung in der Wurzel | |
WO1991010896A1 (fr) | Procede de fonctionnement d'un photometre a absorption de rayonnement | |
DE112006000480B4 (de) | Verfahren zur Bewertung der Vitalität chlorophylltragender biologischer Proben | |
EP1380838A2 (fr) | Procédé d'analyse de gaz pour déterminer la réponse d'un système biologique | |
DE10342604A1 (de) | Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Hautoberfläche eines menschlichen oder tierischen Körpers sowie Anordnung zum Durchführen dieses Verfahrens | |
DE112020001271T5 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung oder Klassifizierung der Oberflächenfarbe von zumindest teilweise lichtdurchlässigen Materialien | |
EP2010876A1 (fr) | Procédé d'analyse spectrale destiné à la détermination de la concentration en chlorophylle |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20220513 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) |