EP4059610A1 - Centrifugeuse à vis sans fin et à bol plein - Google Patents

Centrifugeuse à vis sans fin et à bol plein Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4059610A1
EP4059610A1 EP22162128.7A EP22162128A EP4059610A1 EP 4059610 A1 EP4059610 A1 EP 4059610A1 EP 22162128 A EP22162128 A EP 22162128A EP 4059610 A1 EP4059610 A1 EP 4059610A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distributor
centrifuge
solid bowl
section
screw
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22162128.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Daniel Sandfort
Udo Beimann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GEA Westfalia Separator Group GmbH
Original Assignee
GEA Westfalia Separator Group GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GEA Westfalia Separator Group GmbH filed Critical GEA Westfalia Separator Group GmbH
Publication of EP4059610A1 publication Critical patent/EP4059610A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B1/00—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles
    • B04B1/20—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl
    • B04B2001/2033—Centrifuges with rotary bowls provided with solid jackets for separating predominantly liquid mixtures with or without solid particles discharging solid particles from the bowl by a conveying screw coaxial with the bowl axis and rotating relatively to the bowl with feed accelerator inside the conveying screw

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a solid bowl scroll centrifuge according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Solid bowl worm centrifuges also called decanters synonymously below—are known from the prior art in a wide variety of embodiments. They serve to clarify and, if necessary, separate a free-flowing suspension in a centrifugal field into a solid phase to be discharged and into one or more liquid phases.
  • the rotor of a decanter consists of a solid bowl with a cylindrical and usually conical part and a screw body mounted in it. Both rotate at high speed, with the worm rotating at a different speed than the bowl.
  • the suspension to be separated flows in centrally through an inlet pipe and enters the cylindrical part of the bowl, the actual separation space, through a distributor through the screw body. Due to the prevailing centrifugal field, a circular-cylindrical liquid space forms there, which is called a pond.
  • the solid sediments on the inner wall of the drum and is guided with the screw to a solids outlet in the conical section of the drum, where it is discharged from the drum.
  • the clarified liquid phase flows in the opposite direction towards an axial drum cover which has an outlet through which it is discharged (at an overflow weir or in an impeller or the like).
  • the distribution list is of particular interest in the context of this document.
  • the suspension to be fed to the decanter is fed into the decanter through the stationary feed pipe.
  • the suspension is first transferred from the feed pipe into a rotating distributor—usually rotating with the screw.
  • the inflowing suspension or the inflowing product is divided into several channels, which distributes the inflowing suspension flow from the axial flow direction into several partial flows, each in a radial or at least essentially deflect the radial flow direction and introduce it into a separation chamber of the solid bowl screw centrifuge.
  • a known prior art of this type is disclosed in the U.S. 3,228,592 A1 .
  • the distributor should pre-accelerate the suspension or the product to the screw speed so that turbulence in the separation chamber is reduced.
  • the outflow from the distributor and the inflow into the separating space should take place with as little shearing as possible, so that—if a flocculant is added—separation between the flocculant added to the suspension and the suspension is largely avoided.
  • the flocculant should combine with the solid phase in the suspension so that it can be better separated in the separation chamber of the solid bowl centrifuge.
  • the flow conditions in the distributor should be as laminar as possible, so that gas impingement in the suspension is largely avoided.
  • Simple assembly and disassembly in the event of replacement are constant requirements for a distributor.
  • a rotating inlet pipe of a solid bowl centrifuge is known, at the end of which the axial feed flow meets a cone which is provided as a flow divider.
  • the inflow is diverted into a distributor disk that is also rotating. This deflection can take place, for example, by 90° in the radial direction, but also only by, for example, 45°.
  • the suspension enters the separating chamber through a large number of specially shaped inlet openings which are arranged around the circumference of the screw hub.
  • a rotating inlet pipe is complex in terms of construction, and the introduction of the large number of inlet openings in the screw hub is complex in terms of production technology and is therefore labor-intensive.
  • a solid bowl centrifuge with a distributor is created in an advantageous manner, which is easy to manufacture and yet easy to assemble and disassemble.
  • the rotor is usually driven by one or two electric motors and, if necessary, gears. It can be mounted in roller bearings on one or both sides.
  • the distributor is produced by a primary molding process. As a result, complicated distributor geometries can also be easily manufactured
  • the distributor is produced in a 3D printing process or by a casting process.
  • the 3D printing process advantageously opens up the possibility of simple production of a manifold according to the invention with a geometry having a plurality of sections and/or sub-channels, which would be difficult or expensive to produce using other primary shaping processes.
  • the channel system has a conical section in the inflow direction, which section is rotationally symmetrical in the distributor.
  • the distributor can be used advantageously for different inlet pipe diameters.
  • the conical section is preferably designed as a circumferentially closed channel section.
  • a cylindrical section which is rotationally symmetrical in the distributor, adjoins the conical section in the inflow direction.
  • the cylindrical section is preferably designed to be closed around the circumference.
  • a preferably dome-like protrusion-like section made of material of the distributor protrudes into the cylindrical section and/or the conical section of the channel system, so that a ring-like section of the channel system is formed.
  • the dome-like section is formed like a projection.
  • the ring-like section is preferably designed as a circumferentially closed ring-like channel section.
  • the dome-like, projection-like section has an essentially paraboloidal basic geometry and is configured rotationally symmetrically in the distributor. This results in an advantageously slowly increasing change in diameter, which advantageously avoids turbulence and shearing in the flow.
  • the inflow of a suspension is further divided in a flow-favourable manner, i.e. while maintaining a laminar flow and without shearing and thus advantageously, and guided in the direction of the separation space of the solid bowl screw centrifuge.
  • the partial channels radially continuously increase their distance from an axis of symmetry A of the distributor in the inflow direction.
  • the suspension supplied in the sub-channels is continuously and thus advantageously accelerated to the rotational speed of the screw.
  • the partial channels have a twist or a winding which can be directed against the direction of rotation RR or in the direction of rotation RR of the solid-bowl screw centrifuge.
  • the supplied suspension is conveyed gently, depending on the direction of the twist, i.e. while maintaining a laminar flow and without shearing and gas entry into the suspension in the direction of the separation space and thereby accelerated to the rotational speed of the screw.
  • the individual partial channels each run with a twist or in the manner of a section of a helix with an increasing radius.
  • the increasing radius guarantees the necessary acceleration of the incoming suspension. Due to the helical course (the helical line preferably does not extend over a complete helix of 360°, but only over a helical section of 180° or less), the flow in the sub-ducts can be influenced in a structurally simple and therefore advantageous manner as required. i.e. the value of the acceleration can be changed.
  • the twist of the sub-channels is changed in that the distributor made of an elastic material is mounted in an axially rotated or twisted manner. This results in an easy to possibility to change the helix angle when assembling the distributor.
  • the distributor has a receptacle for a tool, so that the distributor can be pulled out of the distributor chamber of the worm with the aid of the tool. This results in an advantageously simple assembly and disassembly of the distributor.
  • the tool forms a bayonet lock with the receptacle, so that a form-fitting connection can be produced between the tool and the receptacle.
  • FIG. 1 shows a solid bowl worm centrifuge 1 with a rotor with a drum 2 which can rotate about an axis of rotation D and in which a mounted worm 3 which can also rotate about this axis of rotation is arranged.
  • a drive device not shown, is used to rotate the rotor during operation.
  • the drum 2 and the screw 3 each have a substantially cylindrical section 4, 5 and only one section 6, 7 that tapers conically here.
  • the solid bowl centrifuge 1 is used to clarify and separate a free-flowing suspension in a centrifugal field into a solid phase SP and one or more liquid phases LP.
  • the screw 3 rotates at a slightly lower or higher speed than the drum 2 , so that there is a differential speed between the screw 3 and the drum 2 .
  • An axially extending central feed pipe 8 serves to feed the material to be centrifuged in the axial direction into a distributor 9 which can be rotated with the screw 3.
  • the distributor 9 thus forms part of the rotor. It is used to divert the suspension radially outwards and to introduce it into the separating space 10 between the bowl and the screw and to accelerate the product in the circumferential direction of rotation to the speed of the screw.
  • the manifold 9 is of particular interest here. It is described in more detail below.
  • the depth of the pond in the drum 2 is limited by a liquid discharge, which is implemented here by a weir 11. Due to the difference in density between the more dense solid phase SP and the less dense liquid phase LP, the solid phase SP settles on the inner wall of the drum 2 . Radially further inwards, the clarifying suspension liquid flows into the passage or channel formed in the sediment by a helix 31 of the snail 3 in the direction of the weir 11.
  • the solid phase SP is conveyed first along the cylindrical section 4 of the drum 2 and then up the conical section 6 of the drum 2 by the differential movement of the screw 3 resulting from the higher or lower speed of the screw 3 compared to the drum 2.
  • the helix 31 is used for this purpose.
  • the solid phase SP leaves the liquid pool, is transported over the “dry” lying part of the conical section 6 of the drum 2 and is then ejected through the solids outlet 12 .
  • the liquid phase LP flows to the larger drum diameter at the rear end of the cylindrical section 5 of the drum 2 and is discharged there through the weir 11—arranged in the drum cover 19 here.
  • the solid bowl centrifuge 1 can also be designed in such a way that the suspension S to be clarified is separated into a single solid phase SP and into two liquid phases LP1, LP2.
  • the distributor 9 of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 is shown in full section. It has a preferably rotationally symmetrical, essentially cylindrical basic geometry.
  • the distributor 9 is designed or formed in one piece.
  • in one piece means here that the distributor 9 was not produced by joining several parts together, not even by joining them with a material connection, but consists of only one part.
  • a section of the outer contour of the otherwise cylindrical basic geometry of the distributor 9 has a non-round contour 91 (see 3 ) which corresponds geometrically to a corresponding contour within a distributor chamber 32 of the screw 3 .
  • the non-round contour 91 can be a four-sided flattening be designed so that -as in 3 shown- a rectangular contour 91 or a non-round contour that can be supplemented to form a rectangle.
  • the contour 91 that is not round can also be designed differently; what is essential is that the distributor 9 can be clearly positioned in the distributor chamber 32 and that there is a form fit in the sense of a torque transmission contour.
  • the distributor 9 can be inserted into the distributor chamber 32 of the screw 3 with a loose fit.
  • the clearance fit can be designed in such a way that the clearance between an outer circumference of the distributor 9 and an inner wall of the distributor chamber 32 is eliminated during operation of the solid bowl scroll centrifuge 1 by an elastic deformation of the distributor 9 due to a centrifugal force acting on the distributor 9 , so that the circumference of the distributor 9 nestles firmly against the inner wall of the distributor chamber 31 when the solid bowl centrifuge 1 is in operation. This results in a firm and secure fit during operation, while the distributor 9 can be easily disassembled or assembled when the centrifuge is not in operation.
  • the material from which the distributor 9 is made is expediently selected in such a way that it allows or supports an elastic deformation of the distributor 9 under the action of the centrifugal force. Furthermore, the material from which the distributor 9 is made should be sufficiently or as wear-resistant as possible.
  • the manifold 9 is preferably made of a wear-resistant and resilient plastic material, most preferably of a thermoplastic elastomer such as polyurethane.
  • the distributor 9 can also be made from another correspondingly wear-resistant material.
  • the distributor 9 has one or more cavities or recesses 92 that are independent of a channel system (see FIG 2 ), so that the distributor 9 can expand more easily in this area and thus a play between the inner wall of the distributor chamber 31 and the distributor 9 is reduced to zero by elastic deformation of the distributor 9 due to the action of centrifugal forces and a pressure is generated .
  • the distributor 9 also has an inflow channel system 93 for dividing the flow of the inflowing and through-flowing suspension.
  • the channel system 93 extends axially from an end face of the distributor 9 in the inflow direction.
  • the inlet pipe 8 protrudes axially into an opening in the distributor, which forms an inlet opening into the channel system 93 .
  • the channel system 93 can initially have a conical section 931 which can be rotationally symmetrical in the distributor 9 .
  • the conical section 931 has a truncated cone-like cross-section, in which the fixed inlet pipe 8 - can engage - as shown here.
  • the conical section 931 can be designed in the manner of a tube with a closed circumference on its inner circumference.
  • the conical section 931 can be adjoined in the inflow direction by a cylindrical section 932, which can also be designed to be rotationally symmetrical in the distributor 9.
  • the conical section 931 can be designed in the manner of a tube with a closed circumference on its inner circumference.
  • a protruding section 94 of the distributor material can protrude into the cylindrical section in front of the end opposite the end of the inlet pipe 8 .
  • This section 94 can be designed like a dome.
  • the dome-like section 94 can have an essentially paraboloidal basic geometry and can be arranged rotationally symmetrically in the distributor 9 .
  • the cylindrical section 932 of the channel system 93 is increasingly changed by this dome-like section 94 of the distributor 9, which protrudes into the cylindrical section 932, into a section with a ring-like basic geometry.
  • the section with ring-like basic geometry forms a ring-like channel section, which can be closed around the circumference on the inside and outside.
  • the cylindrical section 932 or then ring-like section branches in the inflow direction into several, here four sub-channels 933a, b, c, d (see also 3 ).
  • the number of partial channels 933a, b, c, d can vary depending on the diameter of the distributor 9 and the feed pipe 8 and also the viscosity of the suspension S fed in. At least two partial channels 933 are provided.
  • the sub-channels can each be designed in the manner of a tube with a closed circumference.
  • the radial distance from the axis of rotation D, which also forms an axis of symmetry A of the distributor 9, of the partial channels 933a, b, c, d increases continuously in the axial direction or in the inflow direction. They preferably run more or less helically.
  • the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d can run in the manner of a section of a helix with an increasing radius or they can have a twist or a winding which is directed counter to the direction of rotation RR of the solid bowl worm centrifuge 1 here.
  • the direction of the twist or the winding of the partial channels 933a, b, c, d can also be in the direction of rotation RR.
  • the partial channels 933a, b, c, d can have an essentially circular cross section.
  • the cross-section of the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d can also be designed to deviate from the circular shape, such as oval, kidney-shaped or polygonal. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cross sections of the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d are designed differently or identically in pairs.
  • the swirl of the respective partial channel 933a, b, c, d ensures that the suspension flow supplied from the feed pipe 8 is taken up by the rotating distributor 9 as gently as possible, i.e. without major shearing and thus turbulence.
  • the flow in the sub-channel 933a, b, c, d remains largely laminar until the suspension S leaves the distributor 9 .
  • the increasing radius of the helix also guarantees the necessary acceleration of the incoming suspension.
  • the helical line preferably does not extend over a complete helix of 360°, but only over a helical-like section with an angle ⁇ of 180° or less.
  • the flow in the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d can be influenced in a structurally simple and therefore advantageously targeted manner as required, ie the value of the acceleration can be changed Ray through a reference point (e.g. center of the cross section) of a sub-channel 933a, b, c, d at its beginning and a ray through this reference point in the further course of this sub-channel 933a, b, c, d.
  • the starting point of the rays is always the axis of symmetry A.
  • L is the distance in the direction of axis A from the beginning of the sub-channel (see figure 3 )
  • an optimum twist angle ⁇ results. It is conceivable that the angle of twist ⁇ varies over the course of the respective partial channel 933a, b, c, d. a in 3 illustrated helix angle ⁇ of 45 ° is selected as an example.
  • the twist angle ⁇ can be designed against or in the direction of rotation RR of the solid bowl centrifuge 1 , which leads to an acceleration or deceleration of the suspension feed into the screw 3 .
  • the optimum can lie in both directions.
  • the twist of the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d can be changed in that the distributor 9, which is made of an elastic material, is mounted in an axially rotated or twisted manner. This changes the angle of twist ⁇ . It is necessary here that the inlet side of the distributor 9 is not inserted in a form-fitting manner and is fixed in a rotationally fixed manner after the twisting.
  • the partial channels 933a, b, c, d open into radial outlet openings 934a, b, c, d, which each end here in the area of an outer surface A of the non-round contour 91. They can also end in a lateral surface M of the distributor 9.
  • the outlet openings 934a, b, c, d can also have a tangential and/or an axial directional component.
  • the distributor 9 is produced by a primary molding process, in particular a 3D printing process, or by a casting process. In this way, in particular, internal geometries with complicated shapes—such as the channel system 93—can also be produced easily.
  • 3D printing means an additive or generative manufacturing process in which material is applied layer by layer and three-dimensional objects (workpieces) are thus produced. As a result, no tools such as molds are required to produce a workpiece.
  • the screw 3 can have openings 33a, b, c, d corresponding to the radial outlet openings 934a, b, c, d of the partial channels 933a, b, c, d in the distributor 9 between the distributor chamber 32 and the separating space 10 of the solid bowl screw centrifuge 1 .
  • the openings 33a, b, c, d can preferably have a circular cross-sectional geometry. This allows the openings 33a, b, c, d in the worm 3 easy - be made - for example by drilling.
  • the openings 33a, b, c, d can also be designed in a manner other than circular.
  • the distributor 9 can optionally have a receptacle 95 for a tool, as is shown in 4 is shown, so that the distributor 9 can be pulled out of the distributor chamber 32 of the screw 3 with the aid of the tool 13 .
  • the tool 13 can form a bayonet lock with the receptacle 95 so that a positive connection can be produced between the tool 13 and the receptacle 95 . In the event of advanced wear, the distributor 9 can thus be easily replaced.
  • Solid bowl worm centrifuges already in use can easily and advantageously be retrofitted with a distributor 9 according to the invention.
  • the suspension S is pre-accelerated to the speed of the screw 3 by the distributor 9 . This takes place in that the suspension S is transferred from the non-moving feed pipe into the distributor 9 rotating at the screw speed.
  • the forced guidance of the suspension flows in the sub-channels 933a, b, c, d avoids accidental flow patterns with gas impingement.

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  • Centrifugal Separators (AREA)
EP22162128.7A 2021-03-17 2022-03-15 Centrifugeuse à vis sans fin et à bol plein Pending EP4059610A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021106496.1A DE102021106496A1 (de) 2021-03-17 2021-03-17 Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4059610A1 true EP4059610A1 (fr) 2022-09-21

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ID=80781005

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22162128.7A Pending EP4059610A1 (fr) 2021-03-17 2022-03-15 Centrifugeuse à vis sans fin et à bol plein

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EP (1) EP4059610A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021106496A1 (fr)

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228592A (en) 1963-11-18 1966-01-11 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Non-spilling feed means for vertical centrifuge
SU1194498A1 (ru) * 1983-12-02 1985-11-30 Kondratenko Yurij P Загрузочное устройство к осадительной шнековой центрифуге
JPS63194759A (ja) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-11 Kubota Ltd 遠心脱水装置
DE10120995A1 (de) 2000-11-14 2002-05-29 Westfalia Separator Ind Gmbh Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit Verteiler
CN2707380Y (zh) * 2004-07-23 2005-07-06 上海市离心机械研究所有限公司 改进的卧螺离心机螺旋出料口结构
CN202823651U (zh) * 2012-07-31 2013-03-27 天圣环保工程（成都）有限公司 一种便于更换的卧螺离心机螺旋推料器布料结构
DE102012004544A1 (de) 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Flottweg Se Trommelzentrifuge mit einer Einlauf-Beschleunigungseinrichtung
EP3320976A1 (fr) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-16 Ferrum AG Dispositif d'insertion pour une centrifugeuse décanteuse
EP3106230B1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2020-03-11 Andritz S.A.S. Centrifuge de décantation

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6605029B1 (en) 2000-08-31 2003-08-12 Tuboscope I/P, Inc. Centrifuge with open conveyor and methods of use
DE202017104036U1 (de) 2017-07-06 2018-10-09 Gea Mechanical Equipment Gmbh Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3228592A (en) 1963-11-18 1966-01-11 Pennsalt Chemicals Corp Non-spilling feed means for vertical centrifuge
SU1194498A1 (ru) * 1983-12-02 1985-11-30 Kondratenko Yurij P Загрузочное устройство к осадительной шнековой центрифуге
JPS63194759A (ja) * 1987-02-05 1988-08-11 Kubota Ltd 遠心脱水装置
DE10120995A1 (de) 2000-11-14 2002-05-29 Westfalia Separator Ind Gmbh Vollmantel-Schneckenzentrifuge mit Verteiler
CN2707380Y (zh) * 2004-07-23 2005-07-06 上海市离心机械研究所有限公司 改进的卧螺离心机螺旋出料口结构
DE102012004544A1 (de) 2012-03-10 2013-09-12 Flottweg Se Trommelzentrifuge mit einer Einlauf-Beschleunigungseinrichtung
CN202823651U (zh) * 2012-07-31 2013-03-27 天圣环保工程（成都）有限公司 一种便于更换的卧螺离心机螺旋推料器布料结构
EP3106230B1 (fr) 2015-06-19 2020-03-11 Andritz S.A.S. Centrifuge de décantation
EP3320976A1 (fr) * 2016-11-15 2018-05-16 Ferrum AG Dispositif d'insertion pour une centrifugeuse décanteuse

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