Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
  • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
  • B07B7/083—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force generated by rotating vanes, discs, drums, or brushes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
  • B29C64/307—Handling of material to be used in additive manufacturing
  • B29C64/314—Preparation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/12—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces
  • B01D45/16—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by centrifugal forces generated by the winding course of the gas stream, the centrifugal forces being generated solely or partly by mechanical means, e.g. fixed swirl vanes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/02—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, having hollow filters made of flexible material
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
  • B07B7/08—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force
  • B07B7/10—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents using centrifugal force having air recirculating within the apparatus
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
  • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
  • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
  • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
  • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
  • B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
  • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
  • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
  • B22F12/70—Gas flow means
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
  • B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
  • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
  • B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
  • B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
  • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
  • B04C9/00—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks
  • B04C2009/002—Combinations with other devices, e.g. fans, expansion chambers, diffusors, water locks with external filters
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
  • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
  • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the general field of additive manufacturing; more particularly for the manufacture of objects, for example metal objects.
• Selective additive manufacturing consists in producing three-dimensional objects by consolidating selected areas on successive layers of powder material (metal powder, ceramic, for example). The consolidated areas correspond to successive sections of the three-dimensional object. Consolidation takes place, for example, layer by layer, by total or partial selective melting carried out with a power source.
• powder material metal powder, ceramic, for example.
• the powder for example metallic, consists of a set of particles which must be separated, in particular by size, in order to obtain optimum manufacture.
• Physical sieves have the disadvantage of not allowing adjustment of the size of the particles to be separated.
• the aeration of the particles on a sieve is weak.
• the present invention therefore aims to remedy these defects by proposing a device for separating particles for additive manufacturing and an additive manufacturing apparatus.
• the invention provides a device for separating particles for additive manufacturing.
• the particles are contained in a gas stream.
• the device comprises at least one dry aunterlic separator, the dry aunterlic separator comprising a separation turbine whose rotational speed is adjustable.
• the dry aunterlic separator selects the particles included in the gas flow, as a function of a particle size dependent on the speed of rotation of the separation turbine.
• the device for separating the particles also comprises a device for extracting the particles included in the gas stream.
• the dry aunterlic separator and the extraction device are in fluid communication so that a gas flow leaving the dry aunterlic separator circulates in the extraction device and that the gas flow leaving the extraction device circulates in the aeraulic separator in the dry process.
• the particle separation device also comprises a device for circulating the gas flow between the aeraulic separator and the extraction device.
• the invention also provides an assembly comprising a selective additive manufacturing apparatus and a separation device.
• the selective additive manufacturing apparatus includes or is connected to the separation device.
• the assembly further comprises a powder material distribution system, this distribution system is configured to receive particles from the separation device.
• the assembly further comprises a device for recovering unused particles, the recovery device is connected to an inlet of the device for separating the particles.
• the assembly further comprises a filtering device inserted between the recovery device and the inlet of the particle separation device.
• the filtering device comprises a protective screen with a mesh size between 300 ⁇ m and 1500 ⁇ m.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a first mode of realization of the separation device.
• FIG. 2-a represents a separation turbine and
• FIG. 2- b a graphic representation of the relationship between the speed of rotation of the separation turbine and the diameter of the particles separated by the turbine.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a second embodiment of the separation device.
• FIG. 4 illustrates a third embodiment of the separation device.
• FIG. 5 illustrates a fourth embodiment of the separation device.
• - Figure 6 illustrates a fifth embodiment of the separation device.
• FIGS. 7-a and 7-b represent two embodiments of a selective additive manufacturing apparatus.
• Figure 8 shows one embodiment of a selective additive manufacturing apparatus. Description of one or more modes of implementation and realization
• FIG. 1 represents a first embodiment of the device for separating particles, for example metal particles.
• the particles are contained in a gas stream and are intended to be used for additive manufacturing.
• This device comprises at least one dry aeraulic separator 101; said dry aeraulic separator 101 comprising a separation turbine whose speed of rotation is adjustable and selects the particles included in said gas stream, as a function of a particle size dependent on the speed of rotation of the separation turbine.
• the separation device also comprises a device 102 for extracting the particles included in said gas stream.
• the dry aunterlic separator 101 and the extraction device 102 are in fluid communication so that the gas flow leaving the dry aunterlic separator 101 circulates in the extraction device 102 and that the gas flow leaving the device 102 d
• the extraction circulates in the aeraulic separator in the dry process 101.
• This separation device also comprises a device 103 for circulating the gas flow between the aunterlic separator 101 and the extraction device 102.
• the dry aunterlic separator 101 separates particles smaller than a first size Del by removing particles larger than Del from the gas stream introduced into the separator.
• the particles larger than Del and removed from the gas stream will be rejected by the dry aunterlic separator 101 via an outlet 104.
• the extraction device 102 makes it possible to extract the particles from the gas stream.
• the particles extracted by the extraction device 102 have a size smaller than Del.
• the particles rejected by the aunterlic separator 101 have a size greater than Del.
• the loading of particles, for example metal, into the separation device can be carried out in two different ways.
• the two solid arrows 105 and 106 represent these two ways, namely: 105 via the roof of the a Vogellic separator 101, and 106 via the chute 107 of the aeraulic separator 101.
• 2-b shows the relationship between the speed of rotation of the separation turbine and the diameter of the particles separated by the turbine.
• This device offers the advantage of being able to dynamically choose the size of the particles to be extracted. It also allows better aeration, better drying and better decohesion of the particles, than by using the devices of the state of the art, in particular those based on a sieve. More particularly, the aeraulic separator in the dry process offers the advantage of being able to modify the size of the separated particles and of not becoming clogged like a conventional sieve.
• the device 103 for circulating the gas flow is a fan.
• the device 102 for extracting said particles comprises a bag filter. It is possible, for example, to use a bag filter with unclogging.
• the bag filter offers the advantage of being more efficient than other types of filters for the extraction of particles in a gas stream.
• the device 102 for extracting said particles comprises a cyclone 301 and a bag filter 302.
• Cyclone 301 and bag filter 302 are in fluid communication so that a gas flow leaving cyclone 301 circulates in bag filter 302. It is possible, for example, to use a bag filter with unclogging.
• a cyclone is a device that causes a gas flow to rotate rapidly in order to separate the fine solid particles mixed with it.
• the cyclone offers the advantage of reducing the stresses applied to the bag filter.
• the loading of particles, for example metal, in the separation device can be carried out in two different ways.
• the two solid arrows 105 and 106 represent these two ways, namely: 105 via the roof of the aeraulic separator 101, and 106 via the chute 107 of the aeraulic separator 101.
• the separation device furthermore comprises a device 401 for purifying and / or dehumidifying and / or deoxygenating the gas stream.
• Purification and / or dehumidification and / or deoxygenation device 401 makes it possible to limit the consumption of inert gas.
• the loading of particles, for example metal, in the separation device can be carried out in two different ways.
• the two solid arrows 105 and 106 represent these two ways, namely: 105 via the roof of the aeraulic separator 101, and 106 via the chute 107 of the aeraulic separator 101.
• the separation device further comprises a device 501 making it possible to selectively connect an outlet of the extraction device 102 to an inlet 502 of the dry aeraulic separator 101 or to a device 503 of recovery of the separated particles.
• This inlet 502 of the dry aunterlic separator 101 is sometimes called the drop of the aunterlic separator and allows the introduction of particles which will mix with the particles already present in the circulating gas stream and will be treated by the dry aunterlic separator 101.
• the presence of this device 501 making it possible to selectively connect an outlet of the extraction device 102 to an inlet 502 of the dry aunterlic separator 101, offers the advantage of being able to ensure recirculation of the gas flow and thus to ensure good dispersion of particles, even when they are wet.
• This device 501 making it possible to selectively connect an outlet of the extraction device 102 to an inlet 502 of the dry aunterlic separator 101, may for example be a shutter.
• the loading of particles, for example metal, in the separation device can be carried out in two different ways.
• the two solid arrows 105 and 106 represent these two ways, namely: 105 via the roof of the aeraulic separator 101, and 106 via the chute 107 of the aeraulic separator 101.
• the separation device comprises at least two dry aeraulic separators 101 and 601.
• the two dry aeraulic separators 101 and 601 are in fluid communication with each other so that a gas flow leaving one of the dry aunterlic separators 101 circulates in the other dry aunterlic separator 601.
• the dry aeraulic separators 101 and 601 each comprise a separation turbine whose rotational speed is independently adjustable.
• the two dry aeraulic separators 101 and 601 each select the particles included in the gas stream, as a function of a particle size dependent on the speed of rotation of the separation turbine.
• a device 602 making it possible to selectively connect an outlet of the dry aunterlic separator placed downstream 601 to an inlet of the dry aunterlic separator placed upstream 101 or to an inlet.
• device 603 for recovering the separated particles This embodiment makes it possible to select particles, for example metallic, the size of which is within a range of values. It makes it possible to reject particles having a diameter greater than a first predetermined diameter, and particles having a diameter less than a second predetermined diameter.
• the upstream dry aunterlic separator 101 selects particles smaller than a first size Del by separating particles larger than Del.
• the downstream dry aunterlic separator 601 whose turbine speed is adjusted to select particles smaller than a second size Dc2, selects particles of a size smaller than Dc2.
• the particles rejected by the downstream dry aunterlic separator 601 will have a size between Dc2 and Del.
• this embodiment makes it possible to remove the metal particles of too small size (typically 3 microns 5/15) and thus to generate less fumes and particles in suspension and to obtain a better focusing of the energy source during the subsequent use of these metal particles in the additive manufacturing machine.
• the loading of particles, for example metal, in the separation device can be carried out in two different ways.
• the two solid arrows 105 and 106 represent these two ways, namely: 105 via the roof of the aeraulic separator 101, and 106 via the chute 107 of the aeraulic separator 101.
• One embodiment of this invention relates to a selective additive manufacturing apparatus.
• This selective additive manufacturing apparatus comprises or is connected to the device, as described in the preceding sections, for separating particles, for example metallic.
• the selective additive manufacturing apparatus and the particle separation device form an assembly.
• the selective additive manufacturing apparatus 701 furthermore comprises a distribution system 702 of a pulverulent material comprising particles, for example metallic, this distribution system being configured to receive particles from the separation device.
• the selective additive manufacturing apparatus 701 comprises a device 703 for recovering particles, for example metallic, not used, the recovery device being connected to an input of the device for separating particles, for example metallic.
• the entry chosen will be the roof of one of the dry air separators.
• a filtering device 704 is inserted between the recovery device 703 and the inlet of the separation device 101.
• This filtering device is for example a protective screen with a preferred mesh size of 500 ⁇ m. The presence of this filtering device offers the advantage of retaining coarse slag which could damage the separation device 101.
• FIG 8 shows an illustration of such an additive manufacturing apparatus.
• This device includes:
• a support such as a horizontal plate 801 on which are successively deposited the various layers of additive manufacturing powder (metal powder, ceramic powder, etc.) making it possible to make a three-dimensional object (object 802 in the shape of a tree in the figure),
• additive manufacturing powder metal powder, ceramic powder, etc.
• a pulverulent material distribution system 702 suitable for supplying the manufacturing powder to the level of the squeegee or of the layering roller.
• the dispensing system 702 includes a doser 803, a drawer 804 and a slider 805.
• this arrangement 806 for the distribution of said powder, for example metallic, on the plate, this arrangement 806 comprising for example a squeegee 807 and / or a layering roller for spreading the various successive layers of powder (displacement according to the double arrow A),
• an assembly 808 comprising a power source 809, for example a source emitting a laser beam and / or an electron beam, for the fusion (total or partial) of the thin spread layers, - a control unit 810 which ensures the control of the various components of the device according to pre-memorized information (M memory),
• a power source 809 for example a source emitting a laser beam and / or an electron beam
• a control unit 810 which ensures the control of the various components of the device according to pre-memorized information (M memory)
• a mechanism 811 to allow the support of the plate 801 to be lowered as the layers are deposited (movement according to the double arrow B).
• the components of the apparatus are arranged inside a sealed enclosure 812 which can be connected to an inert gas circuit and / or to at least one vacuum pump 813, for example in the case of the use of an electron beam.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
• Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
• Cyclones (AREA)
• Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
• Producing Shaped Articles From Materials (AREA)
• Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Cites Families (4)

• 2019
  • 2019-10-24 FR FR1911930A patent/FR3102375B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-10-20 KR KR1020227016944A patent/KR20220087500A/ko unknown
  • 2020-10-20 JP JP2022524199A patent/JP2022553759A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-10-20 EP EP20807074.8A patent/EP4048451A1/fr active Pending
  • 2020-10-20 CN CN202080075373.9A patent/CN114616058A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-10-20 US US17/771,304 patent/US20220379347A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-10-20 WO PCT/FR2020/051892 patent/WO2021079057A1/fr unknown

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