EP4042545A1 - Machine électrique à système intégré de refroidissement - Google Patents

Machine électrique à système intégré de refroidissement

Info

Publication number
EP4042545A1
EP4042545A1 EP20781510.1A EP20781510A EP4042545A1 EP 4042545 A1 EP4042545 A1 EP 4042545A1 EP 20781510 A EP20781510 A EP 20781510A EP 4042545 A1 EP4042545 A1 EP 4042545A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
stator
cooling
fluid
stator core
electrical machine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20781510.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4042545B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Striedelmeyer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magna PT BV and Co KG
Original Assignee
Magna PT BV and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magna PT BV and Co KG filed Critical Magna PT BV and Co KG
Publication of EP4042545A1 publication Critical patent/EP4042545A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4042545B1 publication Critical patent/EP4042545B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/20—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrical machine with an integrated cooling system.
  • Three-phase machines are used in motor vehicles. These consist of a stator (stationary part) and a rotor / runner (rotating part). The mechanical energy is transmitted through the rotor.
  • An electrical machine with an integrated cooling device is known, for example, from DE 10 2008 001 621 A1.
  • the electrical machine described there has a cooling device which has cooling channels running in the housing wall, the coolant being sprayed onto the end face of the stator via a coolant spray device.
  • hybrid transmissions Such transmissions, which contain further units as well as the electric motor in the transmission housing, are referred to as so-called “hybrid transmissions”.
  • hybrid gears A particular problem with the hybrid gears is the small amount of space available.
  • embodiments are known in which the electrical machine has an open housing. So-called end shields form the side housing covers and are arranged orthogonally to the rotor shaft. The laminated core of the stator is fixed by tie rods arranged between the end shields.
  • the components of the hybrid transmission such as the electrical machine's rule and the transmission designed as a double clutch transmission
  • the oil is collected in an oil sump, which is usually arranged in the installation position at the bottom of the gearbox housing, and from there to the components, for example to the clutches installed in the gearbox and the electrical machine (sump cooling).
  • the rotor shaft of the electrical machine is designed as a hollow shaft with bores, with the oil being pumped into the bores accordingly. Starting from the bores, the cooling oil is thrown onto the inside of the stator winding of the electrical machine by centrifugal force, thus achieving cooling.
  • the outer diameter of the laminated core of the stator corresponds almost to the outer diameter of the end shields.
  • An alternative embodiment of cooling via a cooling jacket which is designed as a cylindrical housing wall of an electrical machine with a closed housing, is particularly useful in a hybrid transmission due to the small radial space between the laminated core of the stator and a reali sable outer diameter of the electrical machine with limited installation space not possible for high-voltage applications.
  • a large number of cooling channels are arranged in the area of the outer circumference of the stator.
  • the cooling channels are connected to one another, forming meander arrangements.
  • the meander arrangements are connected in parallel to a fluid supply device and have cooling fluid flowing through them.
  • the electrical machine is designed with a cylindrical housing section.
  • a stator is arranged, which is rigidly connected to the housing section.
  • the stator has a Stator core on which a plurality of stator windings are formed.
  • the stator cooling arrangement is formed by a multiplicity of cooling channels which are arranged between the stator core and the housing section.
  • the stator core is composed of a large number of stator laminations as a stator laminated core. Disadvantageous in this embodiment is, among other things, the high cost. In the manufacture of the laminated core, many different stator laminations have to be assembled directed against one another, which means high costs and installation effort. Cooling of the end windings of the stator on both sides is not uniform and therefore inadequate.
  • Uniform cooling of the angular heads is known from US 2019/0006914 A1.
  • the cooling fluid is passed through a fluid channel arranged axially in the cylindrical housing of the electrical machine to slotted annular disks, which then cause a uniform distribution of the cooling fluid radially from the outside onto the end windings.
  • DE 197 49 108 C1 discloses an electric motor with cooling and a housing-less stator.
  • the stator is provided with cooling grooves in which cooling tubes are arranged.
  • the cooling tubes are connected to the stator core and the end windings by a thermally conductive plastic.
  • the cooling system for cooling the stator comprises a plurality of cooling channels which extend along a circumferential section of the stator.
  • a cooling fluid is passed through the cooling channels and opens into fluid channels arranged on both sides of the angular heads.
  • the fluid channels are designed with through openings for uniform distribution of the cooling fluid on the angular heads.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to develop an electrical machine with a cooling system, in particular an electrical machine for a hybridized drive train of a vehicle, in such a way that effective cooling of the stator and, in particular, uniform cooling of the angular heads can be achieved
  • the size should be as compact as possible. Furthermore, the manufacturing and assembly costs for the electrical machine should be low.
  • the present invention solves this problem by means of an electrical machine with the features specified in claim 1.
  • the inventive design improved cooling for the electrical cal machine is possible, which is achieved by optimal cooling of the end windings and the laminated core adjacent to the end windings. In particular, no further installation space is required in the radial direction to form the cooling arrangement.
  • the fluid line is formed by means of a tubular element which is inserted in the groove-like recess.
  • the cooling fluid flows in the inserted tubular element.
  • the tubular element is provided with a cooling fluid supply opening which is introduced in the center as seen in the axial direction.
  • the fluid channels are formed by the arrangement and design of the annular elements.
  • the radially circumferential fluid channels are formed by one or more stator laminations with a reduced outer diameter.
  • the through bores / slots are advantageously introduced so that they are distributed uniformly over the entire circumference of the annular elements.
  • axially means running in the direction of the axis of rotation
  • radial means running orthogonally thereto. From the inside to the outside means a direction starting from the axis of rotation of the motor shaft running radially outward.
  • Running from the outside to the inside means a direction starting from the housing and running radially inwards to the axis of rotation.
  • Fig. 2 is a section of an electrical machine in a schematic presen- tation in a sectional view in an embodiment not according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a section of the electrical machine according to FIG. 2 in a schematic representation with the cooling fluid guide drawn in
  • FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of the rotor and the stator of the electrical machine in the embodiment not according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective partial view of the rotor and the stator with inserted tubular element for cooling fluid distribution to the end faces of the stator
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged perspective sectional view of the detail of thedefluidzu guide over the tubular element to the annular elements in the loading area of the first end winding,
  • FIG. 8 shows a detail of an electrical machine in a schematic representation in a sectional representation in a second embodiment
  • FIG. 9 shows a section of the electrical machine according to FIG. 8 in a schematic representation with the cooling fluid guide drawn in
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged perspective view of the stator with an axial groove, radial channel and annular element for distributing the cooling fluid according to the embodiment according to the invention
  • FIG. 12 shows a perspective partial view of the stator according to FIG. 11 with an inserted tubular element
  • FIG. 13 shows an enlarged detailed sectional view of the cooling fluid supply through the tubular element, the annular channel and the annular element to a winding head
  • a drive train 10 of a vehicle with a hybrid transmission 1 is shown in a schematic representation.
  • the drive train 10 according to FIG. 1 includes a drive motor VM, for example in the form of an internal combustion engine, which is supplied from an energy store such as a fuel tank 13.
  • the drive train 10 also contains a dual clutch transmission 14, the output side of which is connected to a differential 16.
  • the differential 16 distributes drive power to left and right driven wheels 18L, 18R.
  • the dual clutch transmission 14 contains a second friction clutch 20 and a second sub-transmission TG2.
  • the second sub-transmission TG2 includes, for example, gear steps N, 2, 4, 6, R, which can be engaged and disengaged by means of schematically indicated clutches 24.
  • the second friction clutch 20 and the second sub-transmission TG2 form a second power transmission path 26 for transmitting power from the drive motor VM to the differential 16.
  • the dual clutch transmission 14 also includes a first friction clutch 30 and a first sub-transmission TG1.
  • the first sub-transmission TG1 includes, for example, the odd gear steps N, 1, 3, 5, 7, etc., which can be engaged and disengaged by means of assigned clutches 31.
  • the first friction clutch 30 and the first part of the transmission TG1 form a first power transmission path 36 for transmitting drive power from the drive motor VM to the differential 16.
  • First and second friction clutches 30, 20 are arranged concentrically to one another.
  • the drive train 10 also contains an electrical machine 40 which is connected to an arrangement 41 for control and energy supply.
  • the arrangement 41 can, for example, contain power electronics with a converter and a battery.
  • the transmission control may also be integrated.
  • the battery is designed as a high-voltage battery and can be charged via an external power source.
  • the electrical machine EM 40 is firmly connected to the second gearbox TG2, for example by means of a spur gear set or the like.
  • the transmission and the electric machine 40 are controlled via an inverter.
  • the arrangement shown is only one possible gametypsbei.
  • Electrical machines 40 convert electrical energy into mechanical and vice versa.
  • Three-phase machines are used in motor vehicles. As described in more detail below, these consist of a stator (stationary part) accommodated in a housing and a rotor (rotating part). This basic structure is known to the person skilled in the art and is therefore not described in detail.
  • FIGS 2-7 an embodiment of an electrical machine 40 is not according to the invention is shown.
  • the electrical machine 40 has in an open housing 42, which is formed by housing sections 42a, a stationary stator or stator 43 with a stator core 44 on which a plurality of stator windings are formed.
  • the stator core 44 of the stator 43 is protruded laterally by end windings 45 of the electrical winding (stator winding).
  • the angular heads 45 have an inner circumferential surface 52 and an outer circumferential surface 53.
  • the stator core 44 is composed of a plurality of stator laminations to form a stator laminated core 44b, as is known from the prior art.
  • the stator core 44 has an outer jacket surface 44a with a diameter D1 and an inner jacket surface 44b with a diameter D2.
  • a rotor 47 which is rotatably mounted on the housing 42, is arranged radially inside the stator 43.
  • the rotor 47 is designed, for example, as a laminated rotor core and comprises a large number of rotor laminations. Furthermore, the rotor 47 comprises a motor shaft 46 on which the rotor 47 is arranged in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • the motor shaft 46 has a longitudinal axis or rotational axis R.
  • each cover-shaped end shields 49 are arranged, which form the open housing 42 as housing sections 42a and limit the electrical Ma machine 40 in the axial direction.
  • the two end shields 49 are orthogonal arranged to the motor shaft 46.
  • the end shields 49 At their radially outer U peripheral region 49a, the end shields 49 have an axially inwardly extending circumferential edge 49b.
  • the circumferential region 49a is threaded and leads out to accommodate the stator 43 between the end shields 49 and clamp on Switzerland ker. This is not shown in the drawing.
  • End shields 49 are the A- and B-side covers of the motor housing 42.
  • the A- and B-sides of a motor housing are orthogonal to the rotor shaft.
  • the A-side is the load side, on the load side of the electric machine or the motor shaft, a transmission (not shown), for example a double clutch transmission 14, is connected when the electric machine is integrated into a hybrid drive train of a motor vehicle.
  • the B-side is the encoder side of the electrical machine.
  • the motor shaft 46 is supported by shaft bearings 52, preferably ball bearings, which are placed between the motor shaft 46 and the end shields 49 arranged on both sides.
  • shaft bearings 52 preferably ball bearings, which are placed between the motor shaft 46 and the end shields 49 arranged on both sides.
  • the end shields 49 are designed with a ring-shaped axially widening section.
  • the electric machine 40 can be operated not only as an electric motor but also as a generator in order to generate a charging current for charging an electric battery of the drive train 10 in this way.
  • the electrical machine is designed with an integrated cooling system for cooling the stator core and in particular the end windings, which is described in more detail below with reference to the detailed representations of FIGS. 2-7 in an embodiment not according to the invention.
  • the cooling system includes an axially running fluid channel FL which runs in an axially running groove 60 which is formed in the outer jacket surface 44a of the stator core 44.
  • the axially extending groove 60 is formed by correspondingly manufactured stator sheets, in which, in addition to the usual recesses for, for example, the stator windings, a square or semicircular recess is made at a position on the outer diameter D1.
  • a square or semicircular recess is made at a position on the outer diameter D1.
  • a tubular element 61 which is adapted to the cross section of the groove 60 and which forms an axially extending fluid line FL is inserted into this axially extending groove 60.
  • the tubular element In the axial direction, the tubular element is provided in the center with a bore as a fluid inlet opening 62.
  • the two open opposite ends 63a, b of the tubular element 61 form fluid outlet openings.
  • the fluid connection via the fluid inlet opening 62 is not shown in the drawing. This is supplied with cooling fluid, preferably oil, by a fluid pump.
  • the cooling system further comprises ring-shaped elements 70 which are arranged so as to be clamped between the end regions or end faces of the stator core 44 and the end shield 49 and which form a radially circumferential fluid channel 71.
  • the annular elements 70 are shown in FIG. 7 as individual parts. These include a first ring section 72 with a plurality of slots or bores 73 distributed over the circumference.
  • the ring section 72 has a first axial end area which is designed to abut the end face of the stator core 44 in a sealing manner, and a second axial end area , which merges into a second ring section 74 extending radially outward. This second ring section 74 running radially outward is used for sealing contact with the circumferential edge 49b of the end shield 49.
  • the circumferential radial fluid channel 71 is formed in each case by the end faces of the stator core 44, the annular elements 70 and the end shields 49.
  • the oil is guided to the two fluid outlet openings 63a, b, then enters the radial fluid channels 71 running on both sides.
  • the oil is first guided 360 degrees around the fluid channels 71 and flows evenly through the circumference of the annular elements introduced slots or bores 73 on the outer circumferential surface 53 of the end windings 45 for the purpose of cooling.
  • the slots / bores are not distributed over the entire circumference of the first ring section 72, but rather only a maximum of 180 degrees.
  • the oil guided into the radial fluid channel 71 is then initially dammed up in the section without slots / bores.
  • the slots / bores in the annular element 70 can be introduced during manufacture prior to sheet metal forming.
  • both the axial fluid channel and the radial fluid channel as well as the slots and bores for even distribution of the cooling fluid on the äuße re circumferential surface 53 of the end windings 45 through the design and arrangement of the end stator sheets of the laminated core of the Stator core 44 is formed.
  • the laminated stator core 44c which is assembled from stator laminations, comprises a central section 44d and end sections 44e on both sides.
  • the cooling system includes an axially running fluid channel which runs in an axially running groove 60 which is formed in the middle section of the outer jacket surface 44a of the stator lamination stack 44c.
  • the axially running groove 60 is formed by appropriately manufactured stator sheets, in which, in addition to the usual recesses for e.g. the stator windings, a square or semicircular recess is made at a position on the outer diameter D1.
  • stator laminations 80 which have a smaller diameter D3 than the diameter D1 are axially attached to this central section 44d.
  • stator laminations 81 are finally arranged at the ends, which have the outer diameter D1 and are designed with axial slots / through bores 84.
  • the slots / through-bores are made in an outer edge region of the stator laminations 81, which has a diameter less than D1 and greater than or equal to D3.
  • the circumferential radial fluid channel 71 ′ is formed by the stator core itself, specifically the end faces of the central section 44d of the stator core, the stator laminations 80 and the stator laminations 81. Accordingly, no additional components are required to produce the fluid system.
  • the radial fluid channel 71 ' is bounded by the stator laminations 81, which form the annular elements 70'.
  • the oil is guided through the axial fluid channel to the two fluid outlet openings 63a, b, and then passes into the radial fluid channels 71 'which are guided on both sides.
  • the oil is first guided 360 degrees around the Fluidkanä le 71 ‘and flows at the same time through the slots or bores 84 made axially in the stator laminations 81 formed as annular elements 70 auf onto the outer circumferential surface 53 of the end windings 45 for cooling.
  • the axially extending fluid line FL can also be formed by the axially extending groove 60 itself instead of a separate tubular element.
  • the fluid line FL1 is closed in a fluid-tight manner by means of an elongated element which covers the groove.
  • stator 43 Only one side of the stator 43 with end winding 45 and associated elements of the cooling system is shown in the drawing. The opposite second side is designed accordingly.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique (40) à système intégré de refroidissement, comprenant : une section de boîtier (42) ; un stator (43), fixé par rapport à la section de boîtier (42) et comportant un noyau de stator (44) sur lequel sont fixés des enroulements de stator formant des têtes d'enroulement (45) sur les faces d'extrémité du noyau de stator (44) ; un rotor (47), monté avec liberté de rotation par rapport au stator (43) ; et un système de refroidissement, permettant de refroidir le stator (43). Le système de refroidissement comprend au moins un conduit pour fluide (FL1), qui s'étend le long d'une section circonférentielle (44a) du stator (43) et à travers lequel peut être conduit un fluide de refroidissement. La machine électrique (40) doit être améliorée en matière de performances de refroidissement, de coûts de production et de complexité d'assemblage. À cet effet, il est prévu précisément un conduit pour fluide à écoulement axial (FL1) dans la région circonférentielle externe (44a) du noyau de stator (44). Ce conduit pour fluide (FL1) débouche dans des conduits pour fluide (71, 71') à écoulement radial des deux côtés et disposés dans la zone des têtes d'enroulement (45). Les conduits de fluide à écoulement radial (71, 71') sont formés et/ou délimités dans chaque cas par un élément annulaire (70, 70'). Et des fentes traversantes et/ou des trous traversants (73, 84) sont disposés dans l'élément annulaire (70, 70') au moins sur une partie de sa circonférence, ce qui, par des fentes et/ou par des trous traversants (73, 84), procure une alimentation homogène du fluide de refroidissement dans la zone périphérique extérieure des têtes d'enroulement (45), dans le but de refroidir.
EP20781510.1A 2019-10-08 2020-09-28 Machine électrique à système intégré de refroidissement Active EP4042545B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019215402.6A DE102019215402A1 (de) 2019-10-08 2019-10-08 Elektrische Maschine mit integriertem Kühlsystem
PCT/EP2020/077151 WO2021069253A1 (fr) 2019-10-08 2020-09-28 Machine électrique à système intégré de refroidissement

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4042545A1 true EP4042545A1 (fr) 2022-08-17
EP4042545B1 EP4042545B1 (fr) 2023-11-01

Family

ID=72670733

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20781510.1A Active EP4042545B1 (fr) 2019-10-08 2020-09-28 Machine électrique à système intégré de refroidissement

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4042545B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114503408B (fr)
DE (1) DE102019215402A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021069253A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3125178A1 (fr) 2021-07-12 2023-01-13 Nidec Psa Emotors Machine électrique tournante
DE102021127034A1 (de) * 2021-10-19 2023-04-20 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Stator für eine elektrische Maschine eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie elektrische Maschine
DE102022117308A1 (de) 2022-07-12 2024-01-18 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Statorkernkühlungsanordnung für eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine
DE102022133065A1 (de) * 2022-12-13 2024-06-13 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Statorvorrichtung für eine zum Antreiben eines Kraftfahrzeugs ausgebildete E-Maschine, E-Maschine für ein Kraftfahrzeug und Kraftfahrzeug mit einer E-Maschine

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19749108C5 (de) * 1997-11-06 2004-01-22 Siemens Ag Elektromotor
DE102004022301A1 (de) * 2004-05-04 2005-12-01 E + B Elektromaschinen + Beratung R. Meyer Werkzeugmaschinen-Elektrospindel
JP5174485B2 (ja) * 2008-02-14 2013-04-03 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 回転電機
DE102008001621A1 (de) * 2008-05-07 2009-11-12 Robert Bosch Gmbh Elektrische Maschine mit einer integrierten Gehäusekühlung
DE102012017293B4 (de) * 2012-08-27 2020-08-06 Magna Pt B.V. & Co. Kg Elektrische Maschine für einen Kraftfahrzeug-Antriebsstrang
DE102012022452B4 (de) * 2012-11-09 2018-04-05 Getrag Getriebe- Und Zahnradfabrik Hermann Hagenmeyer Gmbh & Cie Kg Elektrische Maschine und Kraftfahrzeug-Antriebsstrang
DE102014202055A1 (de) * 2014-02-05 2015-08-06 Magna Powertrain Ag & Co. Kg Elektrische Maschine
DE102014223527A1 (de) * 2014-11-18 2016-06-02 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kühlung eines axialen Endbereichs eines Stators einer rotierenden elektrischen Maschine
EP3079229A1 (fr) * 2015-04-09 2016-10-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Refroidissement d'une machine électrique
US10801606B2 (en) * 2017-06-30 2020-10-13 Tesla, Inc. Electric drive unit with gear shaft and rotor shaft
DE102017211135A1 (de) * 2017-06-30 2019-01-03 Audi Ag Elektrische Maschine und Kraftfahrzeug
CN109756056A (zh) * 2017-11-07 2019-05-14 华为技术有限公司 电机、动力总成、动力设备及电机冷却方法
DE102018203939B4 (de) * 2018-03-15 2020-03-12 Audi Ag Stator für eine elektrische Maschine sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Stators für eine elektrische Maschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114503408B (zh) 2024-07-19
WO2021069253A1 (fr) 2021-04-15
EP4042545B1 (fr) 2023-11-01
DE102019215402A1 (de) 2021-04-08
CN114503408A (zh) 2022-05-13

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