EP4037621A1 - Exoskelett für einen menschen - Google Patents
Exoskelett für einen menschenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4037621A1 EP4037621A1 EP20710030.6A EP20710030A EP4037621A1 EP 4037621 A1 EP4037621 A1 EP 4037621A1 EP 20710030 A EP20710030 A EP 20710030A EP 4037621 A1 EP4037621 A1 EP 4037621A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- exoskeleton
- bodies
- shoulder
- vertebral
- exoskeleton according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices ; Anti-rape devices
- A61F5/01—Orthopaedic devices, e.g. long-term immobilising or pressure directing devices for treating broken or deformed bones such as splints, casts or braces
- A61F5/02—Orthopaedic corsets
- A61F5/026—Back straightening devices with shoulder braces to force back the shoulder to obtain a correct curvature of the spine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Program-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/0006—Exoskeletons, i.e. resembling a human figure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1614—Shoulder, e.g. for neck stretching
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2201/00—Characteristics of apparatus not provided for in the preceding codes
- A61H2201/16—Physical interface with patient
- A61H2201/1602—Physical interface with patient kind of interface, e.g. head rest, knee support or lumbar support
- A61H2201/1623—Back
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61H—PHYSICAL THERAPY APPARATUS, e.g. DEVICES FOR LOCATING OR STIMULATING REFLEX POINTS IN THE BODY; ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION; MASSAGE; BATHING DEVICES FOR SPECIAL THERAPEUTIC OR HYGIENIC PURPOSES OR SPECIFIC PARTS OF THE BODY
- A61H2205/00—Devices for specific parts of the body
- A61H2205/08—Trunk
- A61H2205/081—Back
Definitions
- the invention relates to an exoskeleton for a human to support movement of an upper body.
- exoskeleton (outer skeleton, ancient Greek exo 'outer' and skeletal 'dry body', 'mummy') is an external support structure for an organism, especially a human being.
- Active exoskeletons take the form of wearable devices that support or reinforce the movements of the wearer, for example by driving joints of the exoskeleton by servomotors. The drive is missing in passive systems.
- exoskeletons are used in physically working people to support them in performing physically difficult tasks and to avoid injuries caused by overwork.
- the physical burden in nursing professions is particularly high compared to other professions. Long standing, heavy lifting and unfavorable postures are part of everyday life in the care sector. The employees clearly feel the effects.
- Two thirds of all nursing staff suffer from back pain and neck complaints. Shoulder area. Compared to other industries, this leads to an above-average level of sick leave, permanent sick leave and an early abandonment of the profession in the areas of nursing and surgery. The problem is exacerbated by the increase in the number of hospital patients and those in need of care with stagnant nursing staff as well as by the increase in overweight patients. against this background, there is a considerable need to literally "strengthen your back".
- a load carrier equipment which has a plurality of vertebral elements between a shoulder and pelvis, which are movably connected to one another via joints with ball heads.
- the swirl elements each have two longitudinal elements that clamp the ball heads between them and thus form a load-bearing column for carrying on the back.
- Orthoses have been developed for the treatment of disorders that impair muscle function, such as stroke, spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, polio and multiple sclerosis, which can fix parts of the body in a fixed or loose mode.
- disorders that impair muscle function such as stroke, spinal cord injury, muscular dystrophy, cerebral palsy, polio and multiple sclerosis.
- US 2010/0268137 A1 such an orthosis is described for example, the one between two bandages Tensioning device for releasing and tensioning the opposite bandages.
- Lifting aid [BMBF 2013]: The system supports the entire body for lifting and carrying activities in everyday working life.
- the kinematics, actuators and sensors are problematic for the care application for many reasons.
- the arms were pulled directly to the shoulders due to the rope kinematics selected there, resulting in a concept with unfavorable gravity, lateral forces and restricted movement.
- the final concept e.g. the elevation and protraction of the shoulder is blocked by the kinematics, as a result the weight of the drive modules can be significantly reduced and the back module is not sufficiently anthropomorphic.
- a market implementation is not yet known.
- Whole-body exoskeletons (e.g. Ninja from Panasonic, HAL from Cyberdyne) serve to relieve the whole body of heavy lifting and logistics activities, but are very voluminous and do not support the specific surgical requirements. A quick dressing and undressing is also not possible.
- Additional lifting aids for example from German Bionics or Panasonie for lifting activities in industrial or logistical environments, relieve or support the lumbar spine with their kinematics and points of attack on the thighs or hips, but without providing motor support to the elbows and shoulders.
- Passive exoskeleton solutions e.g. STRONGARM® ERGOSKELETONTM Lift Assist Device
- Exoskeleton solutions for overhead work are available as both passive and active solutions.
- the supporting system from EksoBionics for example, provides passive relief for overhead activities.
- An example of an active overhead exoskeleton is the so-called 'Stuttgart ExoJacket', which was developed in cooperation with the project partners Fraunhofer IPA, CONTAG, MOSCA and others for overhead cable assembly at a bus manufacturer.
- an exoskeleton is described as a supporting device with a device for realizing rotational and translational human movements.
- the exoskeleton which is coupled to at least one part of the body of a person, comprises at least one human-technology interface, a device for realizing rotational and translational human movements and a unit for actuation, which is supplemented by sensors and controls.
- the actuators Via a series of coupling elements, which include the shoulder, back and len area of the back part, the actuators can influence the mobility, including the lateral flexion, of the user via appropriate actuators.
- the complexity of this device is at the expense of carrying weight and effort in the technical implementation.
- All exoskeletons are based on a common maxim, namely to position the drive system required for movement support as close as possible to the body joint and the weight of the drive system if possible via a stable structure directly attached to the human body and / or preferably via suitable, force-dissipating support structures directly on Support the ground.
- the challenge is not to impair the natural mobility of humans, but rather to support them without any significant hindrance.
- a typical exoskeleton has a large number of articulated mechanisms connected to each other via rigid structures, the coordinated degrees of freedom of which are selected such that they are perceived analogously to the natural joint kinematics of the person.
- the object is achieved by an exoskeleton with the features of claim 1.
- the chosen solution leads to a prevention of shoulder and back ailments especially for the heavily used user when handling heavy loads, especially in nursing areas in the operating room, intensive care unit and emergency room.
- the force absorbed by the shoulder module is gently dissipated over the back module to the hip.
- the back module can switch mechanically by compressing and releasing the tensioning device in the back module between the elastic and stiff state, and thus derive the force when the load is applied.
- the exoskeleton allows the torso to be rotated, flexed and tilted to the side in an ergonomic frame.
- the exoskeleton is designed with the aspect of a system that is quick to put on and take off, light and comfortable to wear, and easy to clean and maintain.
- further active motor support for elbow flexion and the ante- and retroversion of the shoulder joint is provided.
- the further degrees of freedom of the shoulder joint are designed to be passively resilient / damping and actively blocking, in order to guarantee the wearer the maximum, but still ergonomically acceptable freedom of movement and the derivation of the gravitational forces acting.
- the solution according to the invention also allows the torsion to be prevented by compressing the back pillar and supports the effects of upright loads.
- the blocking or restriction of the trunk movement in the event of a load by the tensioning device e.g. possible due to position or switching signal dependent tensioning elements in the back. It is advantageous to automatically tension and loosen in the lumbar area during lifting movements. As a result, the musculature is only supported in the event of stress. Overall, only "healthy movements" should be allowed. The freedom of movement is not fully restricted, but is sensibly managed in order to ensure an ergonomic movement profile (maximum protection of the wearer with an acceptable limitation).
- ergonomic preventive locks are integrated into the innovative kinematics concept by the exoskeleton on the musculoskeletal system of the wearer also pursuing bionic approaches. These include active back straightening, passive damping of abduction over 45 ° and anteversion over 90 ° in the glenohumeral joint.
- the exoskeleton does not completely take away the caregiver's lifting and relocation activities, but instead allows a load peak reduction in the movement sequence with the help of an intelligent and tactile system and control approach. This will make a valuable contribution to occupational safety.
- the shoulder kinematics preferably passively (springy / damping) allow the movements of abduction / adduction and external and internal rotation in the glenohumeral joint and the elevation / depression and protraction / retraction in the sternoclavicular joint (shoulder blade and clavicle to sternum) in a defined area. Furthermore, the gravitational component acting on the lifting load is guided non-positively from the forearm module via the arm, shoulder and back module of the exoskeleton and is gently inserted into the wearer's hip over large areas using soft-lining plastic textile materials in the back.
- 1 is a perspective illustration of an exoskeleton with shoulder and back module
- FIG. 2a shows a perspective illustration of a back module with tensioning device
- FIG. 2b shows a perspective illustration of a back module with vertebral bodies in an alternative embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a perspective illustration of a W-shaped vertebral body
- FIG. 4 shows a perspective illustration of a number of disk bodies of a back module according to FIG. 2b
- FIG. 5 is a perspective illustration of a tensioning device
- FIG. 6 is a perspective illustration of an alternative tensioning device
- Fig. 7 is a perspective illustration of a portion of the back pillar with lever joint and He
- FIG. 8 is a perspective illustration of a lever joint according to FIG. 7.
- Fig. 1 shows an exoskeleton 1 for a human to support movement of an upper body, not shown.
- the exoskeleton 1 comprises the interconnected modules shoulder module 2 and back module 3.
- the shoulder module 2 has a right and left shoulder piece 4 and 5 with jointly connected shoulder elements 6.
- the shoulder module 2 takes on armrests not shown Darge on, and forwards them into the back module 3, which in turn is supported in the hip area of the person.
- the back module 3 has a shoulder strap 7 attached to the cervical end, on which in turn transversally extending right and left crossbeams 8 and 9 are formed in each case to the school leaves.
- a hinge strap 10 is attached, which connects the right cross member 8 with the right shoulder piece 4 and the left cross member 9 with the left shoulder piece 5 for transmitting the tensile loads into the back module 3.
- the wrist straps 10 are composed of a number of articulated members 11 which are connected to one another and which nestle in the shoulder region.
- the shoulder pieces 4 and 5 encompass the right and left shoulder and extend breast side where they converge in a sternum plate 13 and are connected to this ver.
- a back column 12 extends in the lumbar direction of the back module 3.
- the back column 12 is formed by alternately arranged vertebrae 14 and disc bodies 15, so that a connecting disc body 15 lies between two adjacent vertebral bodies 14.
- the Scheibenkör per 15 consist of a foamed or injected soft elastomer, the Sen Shore hardness is between 10 and 90, the Shore hardness of the disc body 15 varies over the height of the back column 12.
- the back column remains flexible, so that in the relieved case, the exoskeleton 1 allows the torsion to be rotated, flexed and inclined in an ergonomic manner.
- the vertebral bodies per 14 consist of a pressure and aging resistant lightweight material. Here aluminum alloys and plastics come into question.
- the back module 3 has a large, flexible and soft-lined back plate 16, which extends flat and thoracically on the part of the shoulder strap 7 and the cervical end of the back column 12.
- the back plate 16 transfers loads over a large area, which is introduced via the attached transverse processes 17 into the back plate 16 from the back column 12.
- FIGS. 2a and 4 To illustrate the tensioning device 18 formed in the back column 12, the illustrations in FIGS. 2a and 4 are used.
- FIG. 2a shows the illustration of a back module 3 with a back column 12 and a tensioning device 18 formed there.
- the tensioning element 19 is designed as a rope, which extends in the interior of the belbody 14 and disk body 15 formed strand channel 20.
- the strangka nal 20 form in the vertebral bodies 14 and the existing vertebral holes 21.
- the tensioning element 19, designed as a rope, is fixed at its cervical end to the vertebral body 14 ′′ of the shoulder support 7, while the lumbar, loose end is attached via an actuator operated by an electric motor 22 23 can be tensioned (see FIG. 5).
- the electric motor 22 actuates a spindle 24 which, as the arrow P shows, moves axially lumbar or cervical and takes the rope attached to it and thereby loosens or tensions it.
- the vertebral bodies 14 are pulled together and the disc bodies 15 lying therebetween are compressed. This in turn leads to a stiffening of the back pillar 12.
- the compression of the back pillar 12 prevents flexion of the torso and supports upright loads.
- the rope is made of steel wire or plastic.
- FIG. 2b shows an illustration of a back module 3 with alternatively designed vertebral 14 and disc 15 bodies.
- FIGS. 3a and 3b Further embodiments of the vertebral body 14 can be seen in FIGS. 3a and 3b.
- the vertebral body 14 has a triangular plan lying in a transverse plane, which is symmetrical with respect to the median plane extending through the back column 12.
- the posterior corner of the vertebral body 14 is rounded.
- At the thoracic base there are transversely extending right and left transverse processes 17, which are also rounded at their transverse end.
- the vertebral bodies 14 In the area of the center of the triangular plan, each have a flat depression 25 on their thoracic and lumbar sides, which is penetrated by the vertebral hole 21.
- the vertebral hole is located off-center near the posterior corner.
- the disk body 15 (see FIG. 4) has elevations 26 formed on both sides, which can be inserted into one another by hand in the sense of a transition fit.
- the resulting firm fit of the vertebral bodies 14 and disc bodies 15 to one another prevents undesired lateral or proximal relative movements without being prevented here by bending or stretching or lateral flexion of the back column 12 in the untensioned state.
- the disc bodies 15 In the area of the center of the triangular plan of the elevations 26, the disc bodies 15 have a vertebral hole 21 on their thoracic and lumbar sides, which together with the adjacent vertebral holes 21 form the strand channel 20.
- FIG. 6 An alternative embodiment of a tensioning device 18 is shown in FIG. 6.
- the lumbar, loose end of the cable 19 is connected to a carriage 27.
- the carriage 27 is supported on a lumbar end of the back column 12 so that it can be moved caudally and cranially and is moved by an actuator 23 which is operated by an electric motor 22 with a spindle drive and is attached to the carriage 27, so that the movement of the carriage 27 is a tensioning or loosening of the rope causes.
- the electric motor 22 is mounted in the middle part of the carriage 27.
- the spindle protrudes from the central part into the upper part of the slide 27. In the upper slide there is a trapezoidal nut which interacts with the spindle and causes the slide 27 to move during operation.
- the slide 27 For the smooth movement of the slide 27, it is mounted by means of two parallel spaced bolts 28 attached to the lumbar end of the back column 12.
- the slide 27 has two corresponding bores 29, so that the slide 27 can be moved caudally and cranially along the bolts 28.
- the problem with extreme bending and stretching of the upper body and the back column 12 following the flexion or extension is the change in length, which is partly compensated for by the elasticity of the disk body 15, but moreover results in an undesired caudal or cranial displacement of the exoskeleton could.
- the section shown in FIG. 7 of a section of the back ckenchule 12 shows the constructive design to solve the problem of length compensation.
- a lever joint 30 is arranged between two adjacent vertebral bodies 14.
- the lever joint 30 causes the adjacent vertebral bodies 14 to flex relative to one another, move them away from one another and, when stretched, move the adjacent vertebral bodies 14 towards one another and thus stretch and compress the back column 12.
- the lever joint 30 comprises a guide body 31 with two barrel bodies 32 rotatably and longitudinally displaceably mounted therein.
- the two body flanges 34 which are spaced apart from one another by webs 33, have two pairs of elongated holes 35, which accommodate the bearing axles 36 of the barrel body 32 so as to be longitudinally displaceable and rotatable.
- the pairs of elongated holes 35 are arranged at an angle with an inclination of approximately 15 ° to 30 ° to one another.
- the bearing axles 36 are designed eccentrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the body 32, so that the barrel bodies 32 touching the peripheral surfaces 37 move back and forth in the elongated holes 35 when rotating about their eccentrically mounted bearing axles 36.
- An adjustment of the required length compensation according to the Beugewin angle takes place via the geometric dimensioning of the barrel body 36, the inclination angle of the elongated holes 35 and / or the eccentricity of the bearing axes 36.
- the sagittal plane (from the Latin sagitta, arrow ⁇ ) is a plane that extends from top to bottom and back to the front.
- the red area represents the sagittal plane through the middle of the body. This special case is called median level. This level divides the body exactly into a right and a left half.
- Transversal plane (from Latin transversus, transverse ‘) in medicine refers to a transverse plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, so also a horizontal plane for a vertical body axis.
- a transverse plane divides the body into an upper and a lower part.
- An anatomical cut in this plane is called a transverse cut or a horizontal cut.
- Kaudal means "tailward”, i.e. "towards the coccyx (Os coccygis)".
- the opposite of caudal is cranial.
- the directional designation should only be used on the trunk and not on the extremities here the terms proximal and distal are used.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Nursing (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Prostheses (AREA)
- Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)
- Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019102356.4A DE102019102356A1 (de) | 2019-01-30 | 2019-01-30 | Exoskelett für einen Menschen |
| PCT/DE2020/100055 WO2020156617A1 (de) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-28 | Exoskelett für einen menschen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4037621A1 true EP4037621A1 (de) | 2022-08-10 |
Family
ID=69779699
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20710030.6A Withdrawn EP4037621A1 (de) | 2019-01-30 | 2020-01-28 | Exoskelett für einen menschen |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4037621A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE102019102356A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020156617A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112171646A (zh) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-05 | 西北工业大学深圳研究院 | 一种柔性脊柱机构和仿袋鼠跳跃机器人 |
| CN113305805B (zh) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-11-22 | 华中科技大学 | 一种被动式双框架仿生外骨骼背部装置 |
| CN112975918B (zh) * | 2021-04-27 | 2025-08-19 | 山东中科先进技术研究院有限公司 | 一种可穿戴绳驱动上肢助力装置 |
| CN114918901A (zh) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-08-19 | 中国人民解放军陆军军医大学 | 一种外骨骼装置 |
| EP4558107A4 (de) * | 2022-07-18 | 2025-11-05 | Thinks Works Pbc | Externe wirbelsäulenstütze |
| CN115847478B (zh) * | 2022-12-09 | 2024-09-10 | 上海微创医疗机器人(集团)股份有限公司 | 弯曲转向结构 |
| NL2040978B1 (en) * | 2025-08-06 | 2026-03-25 | Huzhou Central Hospital | A scoliosis corrector |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19543566C2 (de) * | 1995-11-22 | 1997-11-06 | Nicolae Olaru | Protektor |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2825265B1 (fr) * | 2001-05-29 | 2004-04-02 | Wiest Bernard | Corset orthopedique a memoire de forme |
| DE10359105A1 (de) * | 2003-07-03 | 2005-01-27 | Dirk Jansky | Reklinationskorsett |
| AU2008243788B2 (en) * | 2007-04-30 | 2012-08-30 | Leatt Corporation | Accessory for inhibiting back injury |
| US8235924B2 (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2012-08-07 | Case Western Reserve University | Orthotic brace |
| FR2991224B1 (fr) | 2012-06-04 | 2014-06-27 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Bras d`exosquelette a actionneur |
| US9370237B2 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2016-06-21 | Innovital Llc | Active spinal support system |
| US9504307B1 (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2016-11-29 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Articulating resistive conformable spine |
| DE102015224156A1 (de) | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Vorrichtung zur Bewegungsunterstützung eines menschlichen Schultergelenkes |
| BR112018068647A2 (pt) | 2016-03-14 | 2019-02-05 | Exoiq Gmbh | exoesqueleto para um ser humano |
| CN105963103A (zh) | 2016-06-08 | 2016-09-28 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | 一种便携穿戴式外骨骼上肢机器人 |
-
2019
- 2019-01-30 DE DE102019102356.4A patent/DE102019102356A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-01-28 WO PCT/DE2020/100055 patent/WO2020156617A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-01-28 EP EP20710030.6A patent/EP4037621A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-01-28 DE DE112020000603.4T patent/DE112020000603A5/de active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19543566C2 (de) * | 1995-11-22 | 1997-11-06 | Nicolae Olaru | Protektor |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2020156617A1 (de) | 2020-08-06 |
| DE102019102356A1 (de) | 2020-07-30 |
| DE112020000603A5 (de) | 2021-10-14 |
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