EP4032373A1 - Ligne d'injection multiple pour cavité accélératrice de particules - Google Patents
Ligne d'injection multiple pour cavité accélératrice de particulesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4032373A1 EP4032373A1 EP20706721.6A EP20706721A EP4032373A1 EP 4032373 A1 EP4032373 A1 EP 4032373A1 EP 20706721 A EP20706721 A EP 20706721A EP 4032373 A1 EP4032373 A1 EP 4032373A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cavity
- conductor
- harmonic
- enclosure
- resonant cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010884 ion-beam technique Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/06—Two-beam arrangements; Multi-beam arrangements storage rings; Electron rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/08—Arrangements for injecting particles into orbits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
- H05H7/14—Vacuum chambers
- H05H7/18—Cavities; Resonators
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
- H05H13/00—Magnetic resonance accelerators; Cyclotrons
- H05H13/005—Cyclotrons
Definitions
- the present invention relates to injection lines used to inject charged particles into accelerator cavities, and more particularly but not exclusively to axial injection lines used to inject charged particles into the central region of cyclotron or synchrocyclotron cavities.
- Injection lines conventionally comprise an ion source and a system for grouping the ions in order to group them together in bunches depending on the operating frequency of the accelerator cavity.
- the ion beam from the source passes through at least one grouper (“buncher”) composed of a resonant cavity with sliding tube (“drift tube”) whose resonance frequency is chosen according to of the acceleration frequency of the particles in the accelerating cavity.
- buncher grouper
- drift tube sliding tube
- the ideal waveform of a grouper being sawtooth it is known to excite the slip tube by the first and second harmonics of a sinusoidal excitation signal or to pass the ions successively through a first harmonic resonant cavity then through a second harmonic resonant cavity.
- An example of a known external axial injection line is that of the MEDICYC cyclotron, described for example in the publication INJECTION INTO CYCLOTRONS by P. Mandrillon Laboratoire du cyclotron, Center Antoine Lacassagne, Nice, France.
- the invention aims to provide a multiple injection line which is at the same time compact, reliable and capable of producing a high intensity of charged particles, particularly suitable for injection into an accelerator cavity as produced in accordance with the teaching of the invention.
- application WO 2014/068477 without however being limited to this type of accelerating cavity.
- the invention aims to meet this need and has as its object, according to a first of its aspects, a multiple injection line for a particle accelerating cavity, comprising:
- a first harmonic resonant cavity comprising an enclosure and at least two sliding tubes each associated with a respective source, these sliding tubes being arranged in the enclosure, electrically connected to each other and connected by a conductor to the enclosure,
- second harmonic resonant cavities each associated with a respective ion source, comprising an enclosure and a slide tube electrically connected to the enclosure by a conductor.
- Such an injection line turns out to be particularly compact due to the use of a single first harmonic resonant cavity for all the injection channels of the line. It can thus be easily installed in the axis of the accelerator cavity if desired.
- the conductor of the first harmonic resonant cavity is quarter wave. Such a length is found to be well suited in that it allows the driver to make substantially a full turn around the slip tubes.
- the conductor of the first harmonic resonant cavity extends around the slip tubes.
- the conductor of the second harmonic resonant cavity which also extends around the corresponding sliding tube.
- the second harmonic resonant cavity being smaller, because of the higher frequency, the driver may have to make more than one turn around the sliding tube, for example between 1.5 turns and 2 turns.
- the injection line comprising a high frequency supply connected to the second harmonic resonant cavity, this supply can be controlled so as to vary the intensity of the ion beam exiting this cavity by varying the phase of the current of excitation of this cavity, delivered by the power supply.
- the conductor connecting the sliding tube (s) to the enclosure of the first harmonic resonant cavity and / or to the enclosure of each second harmonic resonant cavity may be traversed by a cooling fluid.
- this conductor can be produced with two superposed conduits, traversed in the opposite direction by a cooling liquid.
- the injection line can have three ion sources, and preferably have exactly three sources.
- the ions can be H + ions or the like.
- a further subject of the invention is a particle accelerator, comprising:
- a multiple injection line according to the invention as defined above, an accelerator cavity for accelerating the ions from the multiple feed line.
- the subject of the invention is also a reactor driven by an accelerator according to the invention.
- a further subject of the invention is a method for producing an accelerated beam, in which ions are produced by an injection line according to the invention and accelerated by an accelerating cavity, in particular as described in application WO 2014 / 068477.
- FIG 1 schematically and partially shows in perspective an example of a multiple injection line according to the invention
- FIG 2 is a schematic and partial sectional view of the head of the injection line
- FIG 3 shows in perspective the resonant cavity of the first harmonic
- FIG 4 is a cross section of the cavity of Figure 3,
- FIG 5 shows in perspective the second harmonic resonant cavity
- FIG 6 illustrates the orientation of the electric field at a given instant in the resonant cavity of the first harmonic
- FIG 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 at a different time
- FIG 8 is a section through a conductor of the coupling loop.
- FIG. 1 shows a multiple injection line 1 in accordance with the invention.
- This line comprises a head 10, a first guiding, focusing and / or acceleration system 20, a resonant cavity 30 of first harmonic H1, a second guiding and / or focusing system 40, a resonant cavity 50 of second harmonic H2 and a deflection system 60 making it possible to inject the charged particles into the desired zones of the accelerating cavity, not shown.
- the resonant cavities are excited by HF sources, not shown, to produce groupers (also called “bunchers”).
- the accelerator cavity is advantageously as described in application WO 2014/068477.
- the head 10 comprises three individual sources 11, each comprising, as can be seen in FIG. 2, a chamber 12 in which extends a filament 13 which is heated to ionize the gas from which the ions are generated, for example of dihydrogen.
- Magnets 13 are integrated into the wall of the chamber of each source 11 to confine the ions produced.
- Sources 11 are preferably so-called “multicusp” sources, but other sources could be used.
- a first high voltage cage 14 extends around the sources 11. This cage 14 is itself surrounded by a second cage 15 connected to earth.
- Vacuum pumps 16 ensure that a sufficient vacuum is maintained in the injection line, at the outlet of the sources 11.
- accelerating electrodes are placed on the path of the ions to extract them from the sources 11 and guide them within the injection line.
- Insulators 17 are provided accordingly.
- the injection line 1 conventionally comprises a set of focusing lenses 21, on each of the three channels associated with the respective sources 11.
- the purpose of the first harmonic resonant cavity 30 is to group the ions together to allow packet injection of ions into the accelerator cavity.
- This resonant cavity 30 comprises, as can be seen more particularly in FIG. 3, a vacuum chamber 31, defined by an enclosure 38, into which the three channels associated with the ion sources 11 open at the top via parallel inlet tubes 32.
- the grouped ions leave through outlet tubes 33, parallel to each other.
- Parallel sliding tubes 34 the length of which corresponds substantially to 1/2, l being the wavelength in vacuum corresponding to the resonant frequency of the cavity, are arranged between the inlet and outlet tubes, of centered in relation to these.
- These sliding tubes 34 are interconnected, in their middle, by an electrically conductive connecting element 35, in the form of a triangular plate in the example considered.
- the connecting element 35 is connected to the enclosure 38, which is electrically grounded, by a conductor 36, the length of which is approximately 1/4, this conductor being said to be quarter wave.
- This conductor 36 is connected to the element 35 at mid-length on one side and is connected substantially perpendicular to the enclosure 38, in a zone facing the point of connection of the conductor 36 to the element 35.
- the tubes 34 connect substantially to the tops of element 35.
- Conductor 36 connects substantially perpendicularly to the corresponding side of element 35.
- the enclosure 38 has a cylindrical wall with an axis coinciding with the longitudinal axis of line 1 and upper and lower walls perpendicular to this longitudinal axis.
- a coupling loop 39 consisting of an electrical conductor connected at one end to a power terminal 70 isolated from the cylindrical wall of the enclosure 38 and at the other end to this wall, provides the excitation of the resonant cavity.
- the power supply terminal is connected to an HF source.
- the conductor used can be hollow and liquid cooled.
- the conductor is produced with two superimposed conduits 81 and 82, as illustrated in FIG. 8, through which the cooling liquid passes in the opposite direction.
- the conductor 36 can be made in the same way, with two ducts through which a cooling liquid runs in the opposite direction.
- the liquid is brought cold to the point where the conductor 36 is connected to the cylindrical wall of the enclosure 38, passes through the conductor 36 through one of the conduits, then arrives at the element 35, before leaving again via the other conduit. in the opposite direction to the end connected to the wall cylindrical of the enclosure 38.
- means are provided for channeling the cooling liquid from and to a refrigeration unit.
- Second harmonic resonant cavities 50 are placed downstream of cavity 30 and each receive ions exiting a respective slip tube 34.
- Each cavity 50 has, as can be seen in Figure 5, a chamber 51 into which inlet 52 and outlet 53 tubes emerge, on either side of a sliding tube 54.
- This sliding tube 54 is connected to the wall of the enclosure by a conductor 55, the length of which corresponds substantially to 1/4.
- Each cavity 50 is excited by a coupling loop, not visible in FIG. 5, in a manner similar to cavity 30.
- the second harmonic cavity 50 makes it possible to give the spatial distribution of the ions within the bundle a profile closer to the ideal distribution.
- the deflection system 60 includes electrostatic and / or magnetic inflectors which deflect the ions leaving the injection line so as to inject them with the desired direction into the accelerator cavity.
- the injection is done horizontally, in the median plane.
- the accelerator according to the invention can be found to be used in multiple applications requiring a high intensity of the delivered beam, and in particular in accelerator-driven reactors.
- the accelerator can be used to produce radioisotopes.
- the injection line may alternatively be only double and not triple.
- the injection line according to the invention can be used to supply accelerating cavities other than that described in application WO 2014/068477 A1.
- the sources 11 can be controlled individually according to a reading of the current at the output of the corresponding channel.
- the intensity of the beam at the output of the accelerator can be controlled by varying the intensity of only one of the sources 11, or as a variant by modifying the intensity of several sources 11 at the same time.
- the intensity of the sources can be controlled as a function of the wear of the respective filaments, which is another advantage of the presence of multiple sources in the injection line according to the invention. If necessary, only two sources are used simultaneously, the third being in reserve and allowing to replace one of the other two sources when it is stopped for maintenance, for example, which increases the reliability of the operation of the line and allows uninterrupted operation over a longer period.
- the excitation signal of the second harmonic resonant cavities 50 can be more or less phase-shifted.
- the accelerator cavity is preferably an HF resonator of the delta type with two accelerator spaces, called “gaps”, or of the “mono-gap” type with a single accelerator space.
- the invention is not, however, limited to a particular cavity having sufficient space in the central region.
- the ions are passed first through the second harmonic resonant cavity and then through the first harmonic resonant cavity.
- the accelerated ions can be other than H +, for example H2 + or H-.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Particle Accelerators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1901816A FR3093269B1 (fr) | 2019-02-22 | 2019-02-22 | Ligne d’injection multiple pour cavité accélératrice de particules |
PCT/EP2020/054758 WO2020169846A1 (fr) | 2019-02-22 | 2020-02-24 | Ligne d'injection multiple pour cavité accélératrice de particules |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4032373A1 true EP4032373A1 (fr) | 2022-07-27 |
EP4032373B1 EP4032373B1 (fr) | 2023-09-27 |
Family
ID=67810668
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20706721.6A Active EP4032373B1 (fr) | 2019-02-22 | 2020-02-24 | Ligne d'injection multiple pour cavité accélératrice de particules et procédé correspondant |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4032373B1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3093269B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020169846A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3133513B1 (fr) | 2022-03-09 | 2024-03-22 | Aima Dev | Cyclotron à bi-secteurs séparés |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4392080A (en) * | 1980-05-23 | 1983-07-05 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy | Means and method for the focusing and acceleration of parallel beams of charged particles |
FR2997603B1 (fr) | 2012-10-29 | 2016-01-29 | Aima Dev | Cyclotron |
-
2019
- 2019-02-22 FR FR1901816A patent/FR3093269B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-24 WO PCT/EP2020/054758 patent/WO2020169846A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2020-02-24 EP EP20706721.6A patent/EP4032373B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2020169846A1 (fr) | 2020-08-27 |
FR3093269B1 (fr) | 2021-02-19 |
EP4032373B1 (fr) | 2023-09-27 |
FR3093269A1 (fr) | 2020-08-28 |
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