EP4032173A1

EP4032173A1 - Electromagnetic actuator

Info

Publication number: EP4032173A1
Application number: EP20771816.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Ron Jagodzinski
Original assignee: Nui Lab GmbH
Current assignee: Nui Lab GmbH
Priority date: 2019-09-17
Filing date: 2020-09-10
Publication date: 2022-07-27
Also published as: US20220352803A1; DE202019105129U1; WO2021052862A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator (10) comprising: a first object (12) having at least one magnet (14); and a second object (16) having at least one magnet (18). The first object (12) and the second object (16) can be moved relative to one another. The first object (12) is an oscillator and the second object (16) is a stator, or the first object (12) is a stator and the second object (16) is an oscillator. The first object (12) is located substantially inside the second object (16). The actuator has at least one first actuator side (20, 22) at which magnets (14, 18) of the first object (12) and of the second object (16) are operatively opposite each other. An uneven number of poles of one object lie opposite an even number of poles of the other object at said at least one actuator side (20, 22).

Description

Electromechanical actuator

The invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, in particular an electromagnetic vibration actuator.

Actuators are used to convert electrical signals into mechanical movements. A primary field of application of these actuators is the generation of haptic and / or acoustic feedback through, for example, oscillations or vibrations. Electronic devices such as cell phones, tablets, touch pads, smart watches, game consoles and touch elements for switches and the like use actuators in order to give the user perceptible and / or audible feedback about information inputs and information outputs.

Mobile phones use vibrations, for example, on the one hand to output information in order to silently inform the user of incoming calls. In a noise-sensitive environment, for example in meetings, information can be output to the user without disturbing the environment. In noisy environments, for example at concerts, in which acoustic signals cannot be heard, information can also be transmitted to the user in this way.

On the other hand, vibrations are used, for example, in modern cell phones with touch displays, in order to give the user feedback on his inputs.

A large number of different actuators are used to generate feedback. Electric motors with an eccentric mass, also called unbalance motors, are often used here. Here, the electric motor experiences an imbalance which transmits a vibration to the surface attached to the electric motor. Actuators that have an electric motor need one comparatively high space requirement. Due to the design, these unbalance motors have a relatively high energy requirement and thus lead to shorter battery life when used in portable devices. In addition, electric motors have a comparatively long response time.

The frequency and the amplitude of the feedback, for example the vibration, of an unbalance motor are forcibly coupled to one another. In this way, for example, fast and strong or slow and weak vibrations can be generated. However, it is not possible to generate fast and weak or strong and slow vibrations. With the help of unbalance motors, no complex oscillations of the feedback, for example the vibration, but only sinusoidal oscillations can be generated. So it is not possible to generate vibrations with the help of unbalance motors that correspond to a complex course, for example of sound waves.

Linear actuators and rotating actuators are also known. Such actuators generally have a coil stator with a permanent magnet oscillator arranged within the coil stator. In this case, the permanent magnet is set into linear or rotating oscillation, in particular a back and forth movement, due to the excitation by the at least one coil of the stator, which generally results in an imbalance. In this way, for example, a vibration can be generated. Such actuators also have disadvantages. For example, a disadvantage is that the permanent magnet, in particular in relation to the at least one coil, must have a sufficient size so that there is sufficient magnetic force to generate the desired unbalance for vibrations. Consequently, there is a problem of miniaturization here.

Another disadvantage of known actuators, in particular linear actuators and rotating actuators, is that they are influenced by magnetic objects in the vicinity, in particular by ferromagnetic objects such as, for example, ferrous objects. On the one hand, it happens that the actuator performance is impaired as a result. On the other hand, actuators are often attracted to and / or adhere to such objects. The object of the invention is to create an electromagnetic actuator whose usability for emitting vibrations is improved.

The electromagnetic actuator is in particular a vibration actuator. Accordingly, it is preferred that the actuator is designed in such a way that it generates a mechanical movement that is used to output a perceptible signal or feedback. The actuator has a first object. This first object has at least one magnet. The actuator also has a second object. The second object has at least one magnet. It is particularly preferred that the actuator consists of the first and the second object. The first object and the second object are designed to be movable relative to one another. On the one hand, the first object is an oscillator and the second object is a stator. On the other hand, it is possible that the first object is a stator and the second object is an oscillator. The oscillator is defined here in particular in such a way that it oscillates with respect to the surroundings and / or with respect to a recording object, such as a smartphone. On the other hand, however, it is preferred that the stator is stationary with respect to such a recording object and / or transmits feedback to it. The first object is arranged essentially within the second object. Inside here means in particular that the first object is framed or encompassed by the second object. In this context, enclosing means that the first object is arranged, in particular completely, within the outer contour of the second object. This framing can either be implemented in such a way that the first object is completely enclosed or at least partially exposed. If the second object has the shape of a hollow cuboid, for example, then the first object, “framed” according to the definition, in particular completely, is arranged within the outer contour of the second object. It is then possible, on the one hand, for the outer walls of the hollow cuboid to completely cover the first object. On the other hand, it is possible that, for example, parts of the outer walls of the hollow cuboid are missing and / or holes are present and thus at least parts of the first object are free, in particular freely visible. To encompass, however, means that the first object, preferably in at least one plane, is at least substantially encompassed by the second object. For example, the second object can have a hollow ring, oval, rectangular or polygonal shape and this shape can thus be arranged around the first object. It is possible here, for example, that this shape is not carried out continuously. If it is, for example, a ring shape, it is possible for the ring to consist of several partial circle elements and / or to have interruptions. The actuator has at least one first actuator side. On the at least one actuator side, there is a magnetic action between the first object and the second object. Accordingly, the at least one actuator side is preferably an active actuator side. It is particularly preferred that one or more magnets of the first object and one or more magnets of the second object act on one another, the magnets that act on one another preferably being opposite one another. The at least one actuator side is in particular an active magnetic side. It is particularly preferred that the actuator as a whole has a first actuator side and a second actuator side. On the at least one actuator side, particularly preferably on each actuator side, there is an odd number of poles of one object, opposite an even number of poles of the other object, in particular acting on one another. For example, if the first object on a first actuator side has three poles, for example south pole, north pole, south pole, then these three poles act on opposing poles, in particular two poles, for example south pole, north pole. Acting means in particular an interaction of the poles and / or magnets with one another, preferably attracting and / or repelling one another.

In a preferred embodiment, the first object or the second object has a preferably continuous change of at least one polarity in order to move the objects relative to one another. It is preferred here that the polarity of at least one magnet of the first object or the polarity of at least one magnet of the second object changes. Thus, with this at least one magnet, the north pole and south pole change position. It is particularly preferred that the polarity of all magnets of the first object or the polarity of all magnets of the second object changes.

It is preferred that the direction of magnetization of the magnets of the first object is substantially perpendicular to the direction of magnetization of the magnets of the second object. The direction of magnetization means in particular a Connecting line between the north pole and south pole of a magnet The direction of magnetization is particularly preferably a directed connecting line, for example an arrow, starting from the north pole towards the south pole. If, for example, in a preferred embodiment, the second object has axial magnets and the first object has coils, it is preferred that the axial axes of the axial magnets are perpendicular to the axial axes of the coils.

In a preferred embodiment, the first object and / or the second object is structurally and / or magnetically symmetrical, in particular with respect to one or two or three planes of symmetry. It is preferred that the magnets of the first object and / or the magnets of the second object are structurally and / or magnetically symmetrical, preferably with respect to one or two or three planes of symmetry. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the first object and the second object are structurally symmetrical with respect to three planes of symmetry, but only magnetically symmetrical with respect to two planes of symmetry. Magnetically symmetrical here means that the magnetization direction, in particular the arrangement of the poles, is not symmetrical with respect to a plane of symmetry, that is to say, in particular, cannot be mirrored on this plane of symmetry in order to map the opposite side. In particular, the first object and / or the second object and / or the entire actuator is structurally rotationally symmetrical about at least one of the x, y and z axes and / or magnetically rotationally symmetrical about the x or z axis.

In a preferred embodiment, the magnets of one object are electromagnets, preferably coils. The magnets of the other object are preferably designed as permanent magnets. In the embodiment as permanent magnets, it is preferred that they are bar magnets, in particular cylinder-shaped or cuboid-shaped. It is preferred that the magnetization of the permanent magnets is carried out axially - that is, they are axial magnets. As soon as one and / or the other object has only one magnet, it is then preferred that only this one magnet is designed in accordance with the above definition. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the at least one magnet of the first object is an electromagnet, in particular a coil, and the at least one magnet of the second object is a permanent magnet. In particular due to the The above-mentioned particularly preferred embodiment with regard to the magnets and the internal arrangement of the electromagnets implemented therewith advantageously does not result in the actuator sticking to a magnetic, in particular ferromagnetic, environment. In an alternative embodiment, it is also possible for the at least one magnet of the first object and the at least one magnet of the second object to be designed as an electromagnet, in particular as a coil. To change the polarity, it is preferable to change the direction of the current applied to the coil. In this way, in particular, the movement of the objects to one another can be achieved.

It is preferred that the first object has a plurality of magnets. These magnets of the first object are preferably arranged parallel and / or at the same distance from one another. Equal spacing from one another means in particular that the magnets have the same spacing between them, that is to say the same spacing between one another, and / or the same core spacing, in particular the coil core spacing. The definition with regard to distance is meant here in particular in such a way that magnets lying next to one another have this same distance. If, for example, in a preferred embodiment, the first object has three magnets arranged next to one another, then the two outer magnets are in particular at the same distance from the magnet located in the middle.

If, in a preferred embodiment, the first object has a plurality of magnets, magnets arranged next to one another have, in particular, opposite directions of magnetization. This definition with regard to opposite directions of magnetization is particularly preferably implemented in the case of magnets of the first object that are arranged parallel to one another and / or magnets of the first object that are magnetized parallel to one another. If, for example, in a preferred exemplary embodiment, the first object has two parallel magnets, it is preferred that the magnetization directions of these magnets are opposite, for example SN and NS. If, on the other hand, in another preferred embodiment the first object has three parallel magnets, it is preferred that the middle magnet has a magnetization direction opposite to the two outer magnets and consequently the two outer magnets have an identical magnetization direction, for example SN and NS and SN (or the other way around). In a preferred embodiment, the magnet length of the at least one magnet of the second object corresponds to the core spacing, in particular the coil core spacing, of the magnets of the first object from one another. In this embodiment, the first object has a plurality of magnets, in particular a plurality of coils, the coils having an identical core spacing from one another. In particular, this advantageously results in an optimal actuator intensity.

It is preferred that the second object has two magnets opposite one another, the two magnets being arranged on both sides of the first object. Accordingly, the two magnets of the second object preferably comprise the first object. It is particularly preferred that the two magnets of the second object are arranged opposite one another with respect to the first object.

In a preferred embodiment, the two magnets of the second object have an identical or opposite direction of magnetization. If an identical magnetization direction is present, there is preferably a rotation of the first object, whereas in the case of opposing magnetization there is a linear deflection, in particular of the second object relative to the first object.

It is preferred that the actuator is designed such that the first object moves perpendicular to the magnetization direction (s) of the first object. As an alternative to the vertical movement, it is preferred that the first object rotates around itself. It is particularly preferred that the first object in the area of the at least one actuator side experiences an essentially parallel deflection to the magnetization direction (s) of the first object and / or the second object. This essentially parallel deflection means, in particular, that the first object moves in the area of the at least one actuator side with linear movement of the first object parallel to the magnetization direction of the first and / or the second object or with a rotational movement of the first object in the area of the at least one actuator side that is tangent to the rotation parallel to the magnetization direction (s) of the first object and / or of the second object. In other words, it is preferred that the actuator is designed in such a way that the first object moves perpendicular to the magnetization direction (s) of the first object, or that the first object rotates around itself, the first object in particular in the area of at least one actuator side experiences a substantially parallel deflection to the magnetization direction (s) of the first object and / or of the second object.

It is preferred that the actuator is designed in such a way that there is an essentially parallel force action between the first object and the second object, in particular in the region of the at least one actuator side. The effect of force here means in particular that the first object and the second object here, in particular in the area of the at least one actuator side, repel and / or attract each other.

In a preferred embodiment, the first object is mounted in a rotary and / or linear manner relative to the second object.

It is preferred that the first object has a first receiving body and / or the second object has a second receiving body. The first and / or the second receiving body each receive the at least one magnet of the respective object, in particular fix it. If, for example, the first object has a receiving body and the first object has a plurality of magnets, then, preferably all, magnets of the first object are received by the receiving body and, in particular, are fixed to one another; the same applies, for example, to the second object or the second receiving body.

In a preferred embodiment, the actuator has a damping device for damping the movement of the first object relative to the second object. In particular, the damping device is implemented, preferably on one side or on both sides, between the first and the second object. One-sided or two-sided refers in particular to the movement sides of the oscillator. It is particularly preferred that the damping device has at least one damper. The damper is, for example, a spring, preferably designed as a spring arm. Instead of or in combination with the spring, flexible and / or elastic damping elements are also possible as dampers. In a preferred embodiment, the damping device is connected to the first receiving body and / or to the second receiving body, preferably in one piece, also to be referred to as integral. It is particularly preferred that the damping device and the first and / or the second receiving body comprise, in particular consist of, plastic. In the embodiment in which the damping device and the first and second receiving bodies are designed in one piece, it is preferred that a type of spring arm of the damping device is made in one piece between the first receiving body and the second receiving body.

In a preferred embodiment, the first object has three magnets and the second object has two magnets. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the first object has one magnet and the second object has two magnets. In a further alternative preferred embodiment, the first object has five magnets and the second object has four magnets.

It is preferred that two different magnetic poles of the second object are assigned to at least one, preferably each, magnetic pole of the first object opposite, these two different magnetic poles of the second object acting on the magnetic pole of the first object, in particular attracting it on the one hand and repelling it on the other. As an alternative to the above definition, it is preferred that at least one, preferably each, magnetic pole of the second object are assigned two different magnetic poles of the first object opposite, with these two different magnetic poles of the first object then again acting on the magnetic pole of the second object, in particular this on the one hand attract and on the other hand repel.

In the definition described above with regard to the two different magnetic poles of one object which are opposite a magnetic pole of the other object, it is preferred that one magnetic pole of the other object is arranged centrally, in particular essentially centrally, with respect to the two opposite magnetic poles. In this context, center means, in particular, an arrangement lying in between, whereby it is not necessary for one magnetic pole to lie centrally on a connecting line of the other two magnetic poles. It is particularly preferred that centrally or centrally means that the one magnetic pole is at the same distance from the two opposing magnetic poles. It is particularly preferred that the one pole and the two opposite poles are arranged approximately to one another in accordance with an isosceles triangle, the distance between one pole and the two opposite poles representing the same legs. As an alternative to the isosceles definition, it is possible that the definition corresponds to an equilateral triangle.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of a preferred embodiment with reference to the figures.

Show it:

Figure 1 is a schematic, perspective view of an embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention

FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of a further embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention

FIG. 3 shows schematic views of a further embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention in two states (I, II),

FIG. 4 shows schematic views of a further embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention in two states (I, II),

FIGS. 5 to 7 are schematic views of further different embodiments according to the invention of an electromagnetic actuator, and FIGS. 8a to 8d are schematic views of further different embodiments of an electromagnetic actuator according to the invention.

Similar or identical components or elements are identified in the figures with the same reference symbols or variations (for example 14 and 14a, or 24 and 24 ', etc.) thereof. In particular, for improved clarity, elements that have preferably already been identified are not provided with reference symbols in all figures.

FIG. 1 schematically shows an embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator 10 according to the invention. The electromagnetic actuator 10 has a first object 12 and a second object 16, which can be moved relative to one another along movement arrow 38. Feedback is preferably generated via the movement, which, for example, can be given to the environment via the second object 16.

The second object 16 has two opposing magnets 18a, 18b, designed in particular as permanent magnets. The magnets 18a, 18b are received by a receiving body 32 and, in particular, are firmly fixed therein. It is particularly preferred that the receiving body 32 can be connected to an object (not shown) on which feedback, such as, for example, a vibration, is to be given or passed on. The two magnets 18a, 18b shown have parallel but opposite directions of magnetization 24 ', 24 "(see, for example, FIG. 2).

A first object 12 is movably arranged within the second object 16. The first object 12 shown has three magnets, designed as coils 14a, 14b, 14c. The coils 14a, 14b, 14c are fixed and thus immovable relative to one another, connected to one another (not shown), for example via a receiving body. The coils 14a, 14b, 14c each have an opposite direction of magnetization lying next to one another. As shown, the central coil 14b thus has a magnetization direction opposite to that of the coils 14a, 14c, the coils 14a, 14c accordingly being identical

Have direction of magnetization. The directions of magnetization of the coils 14a, 14b, 14c, however, are parallel to one another. In addition, the coils 14a, 14b, 14c are equidistant from one another.

On a first actuator side 20, the magnet 18a lies opposite the coils 14a, 14b, 14c, in particular acting. On the opposite second actuator side 22, magnet 18b and coils 14a, 14b, 14c are correspondingly opposite one another. In this (as well as in the other illustrated embodiments) an odd number of poles of the one object lie opposite an even number of poles of the other object on each actuator side. In this illustration, three poles, that is to say an odd number, of the first object 12, two poles, that is an even number, of the second object 16 are concretely opposite each other. Due to the magnetization, in particular due to the pole arrangement on the respective actuator side 20, 22, there is a linear deflection of the first object 12 relative to the second object 16 in the illustrated embodiment (see FIG. 3).

A coordinate system is shown in the center of the actuator 10. This coordinate system can be adopted accordingly in the other embodiments, in particular in FIGS. 2 to 8. In particular with a view to this coordinate system, the actuator and the first object 12 and the second object 16 are structurally symmetrical with respect to the XY, XZ and YZ planes. With regard to the magnetization, however, the actuator 10 and the first object 12 and the second object 16 are symmetrical with respect to the XY plane. The second object 16 and thus also the entire actuator 10 is not symmetrical with respect to the XZ and YZ planes. The first object 12 is symmetrical with respect to the XZ plane, but not with respect to the YZ plane. Instead of not symmetrical, it is preferred, alternatively, to speak of an inverted symmetry.

FIG. 2 shows a further schematically illustrated embodiment of an electromagnetic actuator. The embodiment here is essentially based on the embodiment from FIG. 1. In contrast to the embodiment from FIG. 1, however, the embodiment from FIG. 2 does not have a receiving body 32, or this is not shown. The magnets 18a, 18b of the embodiment from FIG. 2 of the actuator 10 have a magnet length Lisa. The magnet length of the magnet 18a is preferably identical to that of the magnet 18b. It is particularly preferred that the magnet length Lisa is identical to the coil core spacing AKi4b, i4c between coil 14b and coil 14c. It is particularly preferred that the coil core spacing between coil 14a and coil 14b is identical to that of coil 14b and coil 14c. The distances Ai4a, i4b between coil 14a and coil 14b and Ai4b, i4c between coil 14b and coil 14c are also shown.

FIG. 3 shows two states of a further embodiment of an actuator 10 according to the invention, the embodiments being essentially based on the embodiments from FIGS. 1 and 2.

The permanent magnets 18a, 18b have an identical direction of magnetization (for functional reasons) compared to states I, II, but the direction of magnetization of magnet 18a and 18b is opposite in each individual state.

The coils 14a, 14b, 14c, on the other hand, in state I each have an opposite direction of magnetization 24 compared to state II. It is particularly preferred that the different directions of magnetization of the coils 14a, 14b, 14c are implemented by changing the direction of current flow through the coils 14a, 14c, 14c. Due to the action, in particular the attraction as well as the repulsion, on the actuator sides 20, 22, a linear movement (see movement arrow 38) of the first object 12 relative to the second object 16 takes place downwards in state I. In the second state, however, there is a corresponding upward movement shown.

FIG. 4 schematically shows another embodiment of an actuator 10 according to the invention. The embodiment corresponds essentially to the embodiment from FIG. 3. In contrast to the embodiment from FIG. 3, the magnets 18a, 18b have an identical magnetization direction. Because of the effect on the actuator sides 20, 22, which differs as a result, a rotational movement takes place along movement arrow 38, with an opposite rotational movement in states I and II he follows. In other words, the first object 12 is moved back and forth relative to the second object 16 between the movement states I, II.

The various embodiments according to the invention, in a schematic view, of FIGS. 5 to 7 are also based on the previous embodiments.

FIG. 5 only has two coils 14 a, 14 b of the first object 12. In addition, the magnets 18a, 18b of the second object 16 are rotated by 90 ° (compared to the previous embodiments). Because of this rotated arrangement of the magnets 18a, 18b, an odd number of poles of one object are still located opposite an even number of poles of the other object, in particular acting, on the actuator sides 20, 22. In the embodiment, two poles of the first object 12 and one pole of the second object 16 lie opposite one another on each actuator side 20, 22. The outer poles of the magnets 18a, 18b preferably have no effect, preferably no effect, on the respective actuator sides 20, 22.

In FIG. 6, an embodiment of an actuator 10 according to the invention is shown schematically, which has only one coil 14 of the first object 12.

An embodiment of an actuator 10 according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 7, the first object having five coils and the second object having four magnets. These coils and magnets, in particular the respective poles, act on one another on the actuator sides 20, 22.

The embodiments of the actuator 10 according to the invention in FIGS. 8a to 8d are essentially based on the embodiments in FIGS. 1 and 3.

The magnets 18a, 18b are firmly connected to a receiving body 32, in particular embedded therein. The coils of the first object 12 are firmly connected to a second receiving body 36, in particular also embedded therein. The receiving body 32 is movable relative to the second receiving body 36. In particular for fastening the actuator, preferably the second object 16, to the surroundings, the embodiment shown has a connecting device 30. The connecting device 30 is embodied here by four connecting holes 34. For example, by means of screws, a connection to the environment can be established via the connecting holes 34.

In FIG. 8b, the receiving body 32 is connected to the second receiving body 36 via arms 28a, 28b. This connection is preferably made in one piece. It is particularly preferred that the arms 28a, 28b are designed to be flexible. When the first object 12 moves relative to the second object 16, in particular a linear movement, the relative movement is damped via the arms 28a, 28b. The arms 28a, 28b are accordingly part of a damping device 26.

FIG. 8c shows an alternative damping device 26. Here, schematically, two spring elements 28a, 28b are arranged between receiving body 32 and receiving body 36, which likewise damp a relative movement.

In Figure 8d, the damping device is implemented by two, preferably elastic, damping elements 28a, 28b.

Claims

Expectations

1. An electromagnetic actuator (10), in particular a vibration actuator, with a first object (12) having at least one magnet (14); and a second object (16) having at least one magnet (18); wherein the first object (12) and the second object (16) are movable relative to one another; the first object (12) is an oscillator and the second object (16) is a stator, or the first object (12) is a stator and the second object (16) is an oscillator; and the first object (12) is arranged substantially within the second object (16); characterized by at least a first, preferably a first and a second, actuator side (20, 22), wherein on the at least one actuator side (20, 22), magnets (14, 18) of the first object (12) and the second object (16 ) acting opposite, wherein on the at least one actuator side (20, 22) an odd number of poles of one object are opposite to an even number of poles of the other object, in particular acting on one another.

2. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 1, characterized by a, preferably continuous, change in polarity of the at least one magnet (14) of the first object (12) or of the at least one Magnet (14) of the second object (16) in order to move the objects towards one another.

3. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the magnetization direction (24) of the at least one magnet (14) of the first object (12) perpendicular to the magnetization direction (24) of the at least one magnet (14) of the second object (16).

4. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first object (12), in particular the at least one magnet (14) of the first object (12), and / or the second object (16) , in particular the at least one magnet (18) of the second object (16), are structurally and / or magnetically symmetrical, in particular with respect to one, two or three planes of symmetry.

5. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one magnet of one object has electromagnets, preferably coils, and the at least one magnet of the other object has a permanent magnet, in particular consists of it.

6. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first object (12) has several magnets (14), these magnets (14) of the first object (12) parallel and / or with the same Are arranged at a distance from one another and / or have magnets (14) of the first object (12) arranged next to one another in opposite directions of magnetization (24).

7. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 6, characterized in that the magnet length of the at least one magnet (18) of the second object (16) corresponds to the core spacing of the magnets (14) of the first object (12) from one another.

8. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the second object (16) has two magnets (18) opposite one another, the magnets (18) being arranged on both sides of the first object (12).

9. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 8, characterized in that the two magnets (18) of the second object (16) have an identical or opposite direction of magnetization (24).

10. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the actuator (10) is designed such that the first object (12) is perpendicular to the magnetization direction (s) (24) of the first object (12) moves, or that the first object (12) rotates around itself, in particular the first object (12) in the area of the at least one actuator side (20, 22) having a substantially parallel deflection to the magnetization direction (s) (24) of the first object (12) and / or of the second object (16) experiences.

11. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a rotary and / or linear mounting of the first object (12) relative to the second object (16).

12. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first object (12) has a first receiving body (32) and / or the second object (16) has a second receiving body (36), wherein the receiving body (s) (32, 36) each fix the at least one magnet (14, 18) of the respective object (12, 16).

13. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized by a damping device (26) for damping the movement of the first object (12) relative to the second object (16), wherein in particular the damping device (26), preferably on both sides, has at least one damper (28) between the first and second object.

14. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 13, characterized in that the damping device (28) is connected, preferably in one piece, to the first receiving body (26) and / or to the second receiving body (32).

15. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the first object (12) has three magnets (14) and the second object (16) has two magnets (18); or the first object (12) has one magnet (14) and the second object (16) has two magnets (18); or the first object (12) has five magnets (14) and the second object (16) has four magnets (18).

16. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least one, preferably each, magnetic pole of the first object (12) opposite two different magnetic poles of the second object (16) are assigned to this magnetic pole of the act on the first object (12), or at least one, preferably each, magnetic pole of the second object (16) is assigned two different magnetic poles of the first object (12) which act on this magnetic pole of the second object (16).

17. Electromagnetic actuator (10) according to claim 16, characterized in that each magnetic pole of the one object is arranged centrally, in particular essentially centrally, with respect to the two opposing magnetic poles of the other object.