Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
  • F04B43/0009—Special features
  • F04B43/0018—Special features the periphery of the flexible member being not fixed to the pump-casing, but acting as a valve
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
  • F04B43/0009—Special features
  • F04B43/0027—Special features without valves
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
  • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
  • F04B43/00—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members
  • F04B43/02—Machines, pumps, or pumping installations having flexible working members having plate-like flexible members, e.g. diaphragms
  • F04B43/04—Pumps having electric drive

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a system for pumping a fluid and a method of implementing this system.
• the invention relates to a system for pumping a fluid in the field of lab-on-a-chip applications.
• Controlled handling of fluids by pumps is necessary in many fields. For example, such controlled manipulation is implemented in the field of labs on a chip. This area consists of miniaturizing laboratory functions on a chip.
• systems are typically used to pump and control the flow and pressure of fluids circulating inside the chip in order in particular to be able to perform various functions such as powder dissolution or contacting several fluids. and mixing them, for example to analyze a sample in order to assay a desired substance.
• the fluid drive system can be more or less integrated depending on the need and the existing solutions.
• the pumping can be done by a system completely external to the chip, such as for example a syringe pump system with its syringe, a conventional peristaltic pump system, a system using the difference in height making it possible to use the force of gravity, or a pneumatic pressure control system exerting air pressure on the fluid to be injected.
• These systems require the fluid to pass between the exterior of the chip and the interior, which involves making watertight connections between the chip and external equipment.
• Electrokinetic or magnetokinetic forces acting directly on the liquid can be used, including electroosmotic forces, but flow control is complex, the force depends on the fluid used, and fluids can be chemically affected and denatured. Centrifugal force is used in particular on rotating chips, but as the chip rotates, it is complicated to simultaneously perform certain actions such as a measurement or an injection, moreover the pumping cannot be done continuously.
• these sources include several small electromagnets integrated into a support.
• such pumps have drawbacks related in particular to the fact that the electromagnets encumber the support and heat by the Joule effect near the pumped liquid.
• the integration of electromagnets is expensive and the size of the wavelets is limited in miniaturization. It is also necessary to have a contact connection with an electrical source and a control circuit to modulate each electromagnet. This is why this type of pump is not suitable for labs on chips.
• an object of the invention relates to a system for pumping a fluid, the system comprising:
• a pump comprising: an inlet and an outlet for respectively introducing and extracting the fluid capable of being pumped, a flexible membrane having two opposite surfaces, the membrane comprising a spatially rotating permanent magnet structure, a rigid support means on which is fixed at least part of one of said surfaces of the membrane,
• a source of a magnetic field capable of generating a driving magnetic field at the location where the membrane is located, said driving magnetic field having a substantially homogeneous orientation, the membrane being capable of being deformed, under the effect of the driving magnetic field, according to an undulation having alternately one or more concave parts and one or more convex parts, the undulation being capable of moving under the effect of the driving magnetic field, the fluid capable of being pumped between the inlet and the outlet located at least between one of said membrane surfaces and the support means.
• fluid is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a gas, a liquid or a mixture of gas and / or liquid.
• flexible membrane is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a membrane capable of being deformed in a reversible and elastic manner, and of which the Young's modulus is sufficiently low for the magnetic stresses applied in the membrane to be sufficient. to generate the deformation of the membrane.
• the Young's modulus can for example be between 100kPa and 1GPa.
• spatially rotating permanent magnet structure is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a magnetization structure consisting of a juxtaposition of elementary zones, these elementary zones having a variation of rotating magnetization along the axis. the desired displacement of the ripple.
• the term "elementary zone” is defined as being a volume portion of the membrane, in particular the part of the membrane free to deform and to create the corrugation, over its thickness and its width and whose length is limited to twice the length of the membrane. '' membrane thickness, b.
• the membrane is partitioned into elementary zones Z n , n being the index numbering the consecutive elementary zones one after the other in the increasing direction of their scrolling from left to right for an observer looking at a membrane placed horizontally in section along the PP section plane, also called the magnetic plane of rotation of the membrane, the lower surface of which is located on the bottom side of the membrane, the PP plane being the plane perpendicular to the membrane and containing the ES axis (Input to Output) corresponding to the desired axis of displacement of the corrugation, c.
• a n the average magnetization of the elementary zone Z n projected onto the plane PP, d.
• O n the oriented angle belonging to [-TT, TT] representative of the angle between A n and A n + 1 , e. it is then considered that the permanent magnetization structure is spatially rotating if the following two conditions are met: i. for all n, O n is positive, or for all n, O n is negative.
• magnetic pattern any part of a membrane corresponding to a magnetization carrying out a turn, ie the smallest part such that the sum of O n is greater than 2 * TT .
• the length of the magnetic pattern in the direction of rotation of the magnetization that is to say the period of spatial rotation of the magnetization of the membrane, is then called “length of the pattern”.
• plane of magnetic rotation of the membrane is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a plane perpendicular to a spatial axis of rotation of the rotating magnetization of the membrane.
• the magnetisability of the membrane is obtained by any means known to those skilled in the art. For example, this character comes from a mixture of magnetizable magnetic particles and a flexible polymer during the manufacture of the membrane.
• the membrane is magnetized by any method known to those skilled in the art to form the rotating magnet structure.
• temporally rotating driving magnetic field is meant, within the meaning of the present invention, a magnetic field whose orientation is in rotation in space, this rotation being able to be continuous or discontinuous.
• a driving magnetic field B is a "temporally rotating driving magnetic field”
• the following protocol is followed: a. one defines the term “temporal elementary zone” as being a portion of time which allows a notable dynamic evolution of the membrane allowing it to pass from its initial strain to its equilibrium strain when it is subjected to a change of stress, b . time is partitioned into temporal elementary zones Zt n , n being the index numbering the consecutive temporal elementary zones in the direction of the passage of time, c. we denote by B n the magnetic field B averaged over Zt n and projected onto the plane PP, d.
• Ob n the oriented angle belonging to [-TT, TT] which measures the angle going from Bn to Bn +1 , e. It is then considered that the magnetic driving field is temporally rotating if the following two conditions are fulfilled: for all n, Ob n is positive, or else for all n, Ob n is negative.
• B rotates in the trigonometric direction
• Ob n is negative
• B rotates in the anti-trigonometric direction for all n, the absolute value of Ob n + Ob n + i is less than TT / 2
• the term “temporally rotating driving magnetic field having a substantially homogeneous orientation” is understood to mean, within the meaning of the present invention, a magnetic field the orientation dispersion of which is less than 45 ° over the region of the magnetic pattern of the membrane. .
• the quantity mBT 2 / (Eh 2 ) must be greater than 0.01; where m is the average of the intensity of the magnetization in the membrane (for example in A / m), B the intensity of the magnetic field generated by the source in the membrane (for example in T), E the modulus d 'Young (for example in Pa), h the thickness of the membrane (for example in m) and T the period of spatial rotation of the magnetic pattern of the membrane (for example in m).
• the average intensity of the magnetization in the membrane m can be between 10kA / m and 1000kA / m, advantageously between 100kA / m and 500kA / m, even more advantageously between 200kA / m and 400kA / m.
• the intensity of the magnetic field B at the level of the pump can be between 10mT and 1T, advantageously between 50mT and 500mT, even more advantageously between 70mT and 150mT
• the magnetization structure can be defined by a period of spatial rotation between 20pm and 2cm, preferably between 50pm and 1cm, even more preferably between 500pm and 5mm, even more preferably between 1mm and 3mm.
• the Young E modulus can be between 100kPa and 1GPa, advantageously between 500kPa and 500MPa, even more advantageously between 900kPa and 5MPa.
• the membrane may have a thickness of between 5 pm and 1cm, advantageously between 50 pm and 300 pm, even more advantageously between 100 pm and 200 pm.
• the pump has a reduced thickness in order to then allow efficient integration into any chip for example.
• the pumping function is entirely performed by a membrane without it being necessary to use one or more valves.
• the pumping function is ensured by the creation and translation of separate chambers, each of these chambers being formed by the application of the temporally rotating driving magnetic field.
• the direction of pumping can be chosen according to the direction of rotation of the magnetic field.
• two membranes located in the same rotating magnetic driving field will be able to see the displacement of their corrugation take place in opposite directions if the orientation of the strong and weak surfaces of the membranes is opposite.
• the system makes it possible to perform pumping which is not susceptible to bubble phenomena insofar as this system is capable of pumping both a liquid and a gas.
• the system according to the invention it should be noted that it is possible to modify the flow rate or the direction of circulation of the fluid located in the pump by modulating only the speed and the direction of rotation of the magnetic field d 'rotating drive.
• the invention also has the advantage of not necessarily giving off heat by the Joule effect near the pumped liquid because on the one hand it is possible to use a permanent magnet rather than electromagnets to generate the driving field, and on the other hand, even in the case where it is an electromagnet, it is possible to place them at a distance from the channel to avoid heating it.
• a projection of the driving magnetic field on the plane of magnetic rotation of the membrane can be capable of being temporally rotating.
• the driving magnetic field can be entirely included in the plane of magnetic rotation of the membrane.
• At least one or more of the convex parts may be liable to be in contact with the support means and at least one or more of the concave parts may be liable not to be in contact with the support so as to allow the formation of one or more chambers between one of said surfaces of the membrane and the support means, these chambers being capable of receiving a fluid, and the displacement of the corrugation making it possible to create the displacement of the chambers and therefore of fluid movement between inlet and outlet.
• one or more of the convex parts being in contact with the support means within the meaning of the present invention, is meant a part at least of one or more of the tops of the convex parts in contact with the support means.
• the temporally rotating driving magnetic field may further have a minimum gradient of 1T / m and a substantially homogeneous gradient orientation.
• the temporally rotating training magnetic field may further have a minimum gradient of 1 T / m and a constant gradient orientation over time.
• the membrane when the temporally rotating driving magnetic field has a minimum gradient of 1 T / m, a substantially homogeneous gradient orientation and a constant gradient orientation over time, the membrane can be positioned so that the gradient is oriented from the weak surface to the strong surface, knowing that: when the spatially rotating permanent magnet structure of the membrane rotates counterclockwise from left to right, the strong surface denotes the upward exposed surface and the weak surface denotes the downward exposed surface, and when the structure The spatially rotating permanent magnet of the membrane rotates, from left to right, in the counter-trigonometric direction, the strong surface denotes the surface exposed downwards and the weak surface denotes the exposed surface upwards.
• the pump and the source of a magnetic field may not be in contact.
• no hardware connection is necessary between the membrane and the source of a magnetic field, which allows the pump to be activated remotely: the source being outside a chip that may include the pump.
• the membrane can comprise a polymer and a magnetic material, the magnetic material comprising the magnetic particles allowing the structuring of magnetization. Even more preferably, the membrane can be biocompatible.
• the system may further comprise a rigid wall fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the other of said surfaces of the membrane and spaced from the membrane by a distance d sufficient to allow undulation and to allow contact between the concave parts and the wall.
• the system may comprise a rigid wall fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the other of said surfaces of the membrane and spaced from the membrane by a distance of sufficient to allow corrugation and to avoid contact between the concave parts and the wall.
• rigid wall fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the other of said surfaces of the membrane within the meaning of the present invention, is meant at least part of the perimeter of the other of said surfaces of the immobile membrane by relative to the rigid wall and connected to it directly or indirectly.
• the wall may include an orifice through which a controlled pressure is applied between the wall and the membrane.
• a controlled pressure is applied between the wall and the membrane.
• the membrane may have two through orifices, each located at its ends so that the fluid capable of being pumped is also located between the other of said surfaces of the membrane and the wall.
• the pump is then arranged so that the fluid circulates both between the membrane and the support means and between the membrane and the wall in order to increase the flow rate and the regularity of the circulation of the fluid in the pump.
• the pump since the fluid circulates on either side of the diaphragm, the pump is only influenced by the pressures at the inlet and outlet of the pump, free from ambient pressure. Its flow rate and its regularity are therefore improved.
• the wall may further comprise a second inlet and a second outlet for respectively introducing and extracting a fluid capable of being pumped which is also located between the other of said surfaces of the membrane and the wall.
• the fluid capable of circulating between the other surface of the membrane and the wall may either be the same as that capable of circulating between one of said surfaces of the membrane and the support means, or be different.
• the inlet of the support means and the second inlet of the wall are connected by a channel. The same is true for the exit from the support means and the second exit from the wall.
• the pump is only influenced by the pressures at the inlets and outlets of the pump, freeing itself from the ambient pressure. Its flow rate and its regularity are therefore also improved.
• the support means and / or the rigid wall can be transparent so as to be able to observe the various chambers formed by the corrugation and / or to allow only desired and predefined radiations to pass.
• the support means and / or the wall can comprise a measuring device (such as a sensor) and / or an actuator which can be directly in contact with the fluid.
• system according to the invention can also be used in fields such as compressors, vacuum pumps, the circulation of electrolytes in a cell, the driving of coolant.
• Another object relates to a method of implementing a system described above and comprising the following steps: a) interaction between the driving magnetic field originating from the source and the magnetization structure permanent position of the membrane so as to create stresses in the membrane generating a static deformation of the membrane following an undulation alternately presenting one or more concave parts and one or more convex parts, b) rotation of the driving magnetic field so as to displace the constraints in the membrane to move the corrugation in an orientation defined according to the direction of rotation of the driving magnetic field, c) displacement of the fluid between the inlet and the outlet, the fluid being included at least in one of the concave parts delimited by the membrane and the support means.
• step b) of rotation can be carried out by rotating a permanent magnet.
• the gradient can be directed from the weak surface to the strong surface of the membrane.
• the present invention has many advantages capable of solving laboratory-on-chip problems, but is not limited to them.
• a multitude of other applications are possible, such as the circulation of electrolytes in an electric cell, the distribution or the dosage of fluid products (for example of medicament), the creation of vacuum or overpressure in containers by example for their conservation, the circulation of a cooling liquid on an electronic card.
• fluid products for example of medicament
• the circulation of a cooling liquid on an electronic card It is also conceivable to implant the pump in a biological medium such as the human body to release a drug or to withdraw / transfer a fluid.
• FIG 1 shows a system according to an embodiment according to the invention
• FIG. 1 represents a membrane comprising a spatially rotating permanent magnetization structure according to one embodiment according to the invention
• FIG. 3A represents the reaction of the membrane according to an embodiment according to the invention to the driving magnetic field
• FIG 3B shows the reaction of the membrane according to an embodiment according to the invention to the driving magnetic field
• FIG 3C shows the reaction of the membrane according to one embodiment according to the invention to the driving magnetic field
• FIG 4A shows a top view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the first system) according to a first embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 4B shows a sectional view of the system according to the first embodiment according to the invention when it is activated
• FIG 4C shows a sectional view of the system according to the first embodiment according to the invention when the latter is activated
• FIG 4D shows a sectional view of the system according to the first embodiment according to the invention when the latter is activated
• FIG 4E shows a sectional view of the system according to the first embodiment according to the invention when it is activated
• FIG 5 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the second system) according to a second embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 6 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the third system) according to a third embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 7 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the fourth system) according to a fourth embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 8 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the fifth system) according to a fifth embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 9 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the sixth system) according to a sixth embodiment according to the invention
• FIG 10 shows a sectional view of a system (hereinafter referred to as the eighth system) according to an eighth embodiment according to the invention.
• Figure 1 shows a system according to an embodiment according to the invention. This system includes:
• a pump 1 through which at least one fluid can circulate between an inlet E and an outlet S, and
• a source 2 of a magnetic field capable of generating in a membrane 100 a temporally rotating driving magnetic field 2A, exhibiting a minimum gradient of 1 T / m and an orientation of the gradient which is substantially spatially homogeneous in the membrane 100 and of which the orientation of the gradient is constant over time
• this source 2 being for example a permanent magnet set in rotation but can also be any source known to those skilled in the art.
• FIG. 1 One can observe, in Figure 1, the lines of the magnetic driving field 2A from the source 2.
• the magnetic driving field is generated by a local source located near the pump 1, in particular from its membrane 100, a completely advantageous situation by virtue of its simplicity of implementation.
• this source 2 of a magnetic driving field can, for example, be a set of electromagnets or a permanent magnet rotated on itself.
• FIGS 2A and 2B illustrate at least in part a spatially rotating permanent magnetization structure of the membrane 100.
• a magnetic pattern having a period of spatial rotation T, in the membrane 100 so that the membrane 100 can undulate under the effect of the magnetic field.
• this pattern is given only as an indication and the period of spatial rotation T can vary depending on the desired applications so as to have ripples of greater or lesser periods.
• the spatially rotating permanent magnet structure of FIG. 2 which shows an example of a magnetic pattern of the membrane 100: a. the term “elementary zone” is defined as being a volume portion of the membrane 100, b. the membrane 100 is partitioned into elementary zones Z n , in the example of FIG.
• the permanent magnetization structure is spatially rotating because for all n (0 ⁇ n ⁇ 15), O n is positive, the surface exposed towards the top of the membrane 100 is the strong surface 10011 and the exposed surface towards the bottom of the membrane 100 is the weak surface 10012, and for all n, the absolute value of O n + O n + i is approximately equal to p / 4, and the magnetization makes at least one revolution, that is to say that the sum over all n, of a period of spatial rotation T, of the O n is at least 2 * TT.
• FIGs 3A, 3B and 3C illustrate the reaction of the membrane 100 of the pump 1 of Figure 1 to the driving magnetic field 2A which is applied to it so that a fluid chamber F circulates through of pump 1 between inlet E and outlet S.
• the driving magnetic field rotates in the anti-trigonometric direction, the strong surface 10011 of the membrane 100 being located upwards, then the displacement of the ripple is to the left.
• the magnetic force 100B promotes the deformation of the couple 100A, as can be seen on the example illustrated in figure 3B (membrane 100 + gradient 2B), where the magnetic force 100B F m has been indicated by arrows superimposed on the deformation of the torque 100A in figure 3A, F m both to drive the maximum altitude points of the membrane 100 towards the strong surface 10011 (or upwards), and the minimum altitude points towards the weak surface 10012 (or downwards).
• the magnetic force 100B favors the deformation of the couple 100A, as can be seen on the example illustrated in figure 3C (membrane 100 + gradient 2B, where the magnetic force 100B F m has been indicated by arrows superimposed on the deformation of the torque 100A in figure 3A: F m both to drive the points of maximum altitude of the membrane 100 towards the weak surface 10012 (or down), and the minimum altitude points towards the strong surface 10011 (or up).
• FIGS 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D and 4E show a pump according to a first system according to a first embodiment according to the invention, the pump comprising: an inlet E and an outlet S for respectively introducing and extracting the fluid. of the pump, a flexible diaphragm 100 having an upper surface 102 and a lower surface 104, the diaphragm 100 comprising a spatially rotating permanent magnet structure, and a rigid support means 200 on which is fixed at least part of the perimeter of the pump. lower surface 104 of membrane 100.
• the source of the magnetic field then generates the driving magnetic field at the location where the membrane 100 is located.
• the projection of the driving magnetic field onto a plane of magnetic rotation PP of the membrane 100, having an orientation substantially homogeneous and having temporally rotating components in the magnetic plane of rotation PP, is capable of being temporally rotating.
• the driving magnetic field can also be entirely included in the plane of magnetic rotation PP of the membrane 100.
• the driving magnetic field and the permanent magnetization structure interact so as to create stresses in the membrane 100 to generate a static deformation of the membrane 100 following an undulation alternately presenting one or more concave parts and a or more convex parts. In this way, the rotation of the driving magnetic field applied to the membrane 100 allows the displacement of the stresses in the membrane 100 to move the corrugation in an orientation defined by the direction of rotation of the driving magnetic field.
• the inputs and outputs of this first embodiment of the system according to the invention are produced by the creation of holes made in the support means 200, by infiltration through the support means 200, or by the introduction of channels arranged between the membrane 100 and the support means 200. The same is true for the other embodiments of the system according to the invention.
• the support means 200 makes it possible to enhance the undulatory movement of the membrane 100 to transport the fluid.
• the support means 200 can comprise glass, silicon, PDMS, PMMA, COP, polycarbonate, polyimide, PVC or even PE.
• This source of magnetic field can, for example, be a rotating cylindrical magnet or comprise electric coils placed near the pump, but without contact or connection with it.
• the source can also include an electromagnet, a non-cylindrical magnet or Halbach cylinder, a cylindrical or non-cylindrical magnet associated with a direct current motor or with one or more electric coils.
• part of the convex parts therefore parts of the lower surface 104 of the membrane 100, are in contact with the support means. 200 so that one or more of the concave parts contain a volume of fluid, or fluid chamber, the volume of fluid being able to move on the support means 200 between the inlet E and the outlet S during movement of the ripple.
• the membrane 100 comprises a mixture comprising a polymer and a magnetic material.
• the mixture is a homogeneous mixture of a flexible polymer, such as PDMS, latex, or even silicone, with the powder of a hard magnetic material having, for example, a particle size of 30 ⁇ m, such as an NdFeB powder or else such as a ferrite powder.
• a biocompatible membrane composed of biomaterials.
• this membrane 100 can be manufactured as indicated below. Once the mixture has been spread and polymerized and then cut according to the shape of the support means 200 on which it will be placed for example, the membrane obtained is magnetized so as to have a spatially rotating permanent magnetization capable of causing the corrugation in the membrane 100 by the the action of the temporally rotating driving magnetic field on the magnetization of the membrane 100. The membrane 100 then has sufficient flexibility to allow the creation of the ripple.
• the membrane 100 manufactured as indicated above may have a magnetization structure defined by a period of spatial rotation T approximately equal to 1.10 -3 m, exhibiting a Young's modulus E approximately equal to 1.10 5 Pa and a thickness h approximately equal to 1.10 -4 m.
• the average of the intensity of the magnetization m in the membrane can be approximately equal to 1.10 5 A / m
• the intensity of the magnetic field B generated by the source of the magnetic field in the membrane 100 can be approximately equal to 1.10 2 T.
• the heart of the pump rests in particular on a flexible membrane 100 with a spatially rotating permanent magnet.
• the low-cost membrane 100 can therefore, in the field of lab-on-a-chip, easily be placed in a chip directly during manufacture and therefore operate in a device isolated from the pump power source.
• the pump can then be activated through rigid elements simply by positioning it close to the source of the magnetic field.
• the pump can be implanted in a body or a biological medium while the source of the magnetic field can itself be located outside.
• FIG. 4A represents a top view of the pump included in the system according to the first embodiment.
• the fixing means 502 used to fix the perimeter of the lower surface 104 of the membrane 100 to the rigid support means 200 can be all those known to those skilled in the art and allowing the pump to be sealed.
• Figure 4B illustrates the state of the pump when no magnetic field is applied to it.
• FIGS. 4C, 4D and 4E illustrates the state of the pump when the magnetic field is applied to it. It can be noted that in FIGS. 4C, 4D and 4E is connected to the inlet E a volume of fluid that it is desired to transmit to the outlet S.
• the pressure applied to the inlet E of the pump can be of approximately 1013 hPa, that at the outlet S of approximately 1063 hPa, and that of the outer side of the membrane 100 (in contact with the upper surface 102) of 1013 hPa.
• each of these concave parts, or pocket or chamber can contain a predefined volume of fluid of between 10 nL and 1 mL, for example 1 pL, which is in particular a function of the geometric characteristics of the pump 1.
• the flow rate of fluid circulating in the pump according to the first embodiment varies as a function of the application of the magnetic field, and in particular of the speed of rotation of the magnetic field. Each time the magnetic field makes one full rotation, the ripple moves by the period of spatial rotation of the magnetic pattern.
• the pump of this second embodiment differs from that of the first embodiment in that it further comprises a rigid wall 300 fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the upper surface 102 of the membrane 100 and spaced from the membrane 100 by a distance d sufficient to allow corrugation and to allow contact between the concave parts and the wall 300.
• This distance d can be between 10 ⁇ m and 1 cm.
• the rigid wall 300 is fixed to the perimeter of the upper surface 102 of the membrane 100 using fixing means 504 known to those skilled in the art similar to those used for fixing the perimeter of the membrane 100 to the support means. 200.
• the rigid wall 300 comprises an orifice 302, but could include several (not illustrated in the figures), through which a controlled pressure is applied between the wall 300 and the membrane 100. This pressure is brought by for example by the introduction through the orifice 302 of a gas or a fluid.
• the pump comprises a rigid wall 300 fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the upper surface 102 of the membrane 100 and spaced from the membrane 100 by a distance of sufficient to, at the difference from the pump of the second mode, to allow the corrugation and to avoid contact between the concave parts and the wall 300.
• the rigid wall 300 is fixed to the perimeter of the upper surface 102 of the membrane 100 using means fixing 504 known to those skilled in the art similar to those used for fixing the perimeter of the membrane 100 to the support means 200.
• the distance d ' is at least equal to the thickness of the membrane 100.
• the membrane 100 does not bear on the wall 300, as in the second mode embodiment, but on a fluid or gas introduced between the membrane 100 and the wall 300 via the orifice 302 which applies pressure to the membrane 100 and whose pressure it is possible to modulate.
• the pump is similar to that of the second mode but comprises a membrane 100 having two through orifices 106 and 108, each located at its ends, as well as the wall 300 without orifice.
• a membrane 100 having two through orifices 106 and 108, each located at its ends, as well as the wall 300 without orifice.
• the pump is then arranged so that the fluid circulates both between the membrane 100 and the support means 200 and between the membrane 100 and the wall 300 in order to double the flow rate of the fluid in the pump.
• this fourth embodiment makes it possible to be freed from the influence of the pressure external to the pump: only the inlet pressure Po and the outlet pressure P s are to be considered.
• the pressure obtained in a chamber is obtained by the pressure of the previous chamber to which is added the addition of pressure generated by the part of the membrane between the two chambers.
• the rigid support means 200 may comprise a channel with rounded lateral edges (not shown in the figures) connecting the input E to the output S to guide the fluid circulating in the pump between inlet E and outlet S. In this way, sealing is ensured.
• the channel may have a thickness of 350 ⁇ m.
• This fifth system comprises a pump having several inputs E1, E2 and E3 and a single output S1.
• the pump then consists of a single membrane having several parts, three in this case: a first part 1001 connecting the input E1 to a point B, a second part 1002 connecting the input E2 to a point A, a third part 1003 connecting the input E3 to the point A, a fourth part 1004 connecting the point A to the point B and a fifth part 1005 connecting the point B to the output S1.
• the magnetic patterns of each of these parts are in phase at points A and B so that there is indeed creation of a single chamber at the points of intersections A and B.
• the single membrane made up of these different parts forms a single piece.
• the fluid introduced into each of the inlets E1, E2 and E3 is constantly stored in a chamber respectively of the first part 1001, second part 1002 and third part 1003, without leaks in the other chambers which follow or previous.
• two chambers from two different parts for example a chamber from the second part 1002 and another chamber from the third part 1003, can merge together into a larger chamber at point A, and this larger chamber can merge with another chamber of the first part 1001 at point B.
• the sixth system is similar to the second embodiment, but further comprises, in the support means 200, several actuators or sensors 410 arranged so as to be directly in contact with the pumped fluid, and a measuring device 420.
• actuator 410 may include electrodes to create an electrochemical reaction, a heat or ultrasound generator, a light source, a sensor.
• measuring devices can be used to measure parameters in rooms.
• the eighth embodiment is similar to the fourth embodiment.
• the membrane 100 does not include through orifices.
• the pump of this eighth embodiment further comprises the rigid wall 300 fixed to at least part of the perimeter of the upper surface 102 of the membrane 100 and spaced from the membrane 100 by a sufficient distance to allow ripple, the ripple involving or avoiding contact between the concave parts and the wall 300 provided that the fluid (s) circulate through the pump.
• the support means 200 comprises an inlet E "and an outlet S" and the rigid wall 300 also comprises an inlet E "and an outlet S”. In this way, a fluid can circulate between the membrane 100 and the support means 200 and another fluid can circulate between the membrane 100 and the wall 300.
• two distinct fluids can be pumped with the same pump and the same flow rate.
• the fluid circulating between the inlet E 'and the outlet S' is the same as that circulating between I ⁇ '' and the outlet S ”.
• the two inputs E 'and E ” can be interconnected by a channel for example so as to introduce the same fluid on either side of the membrane 100, and the two outputs S' and S” by another channel so as to extract the same fluid circulating on either side of the membrane 100.
• the flow rate of the fluid in the pump is then doubled.
• the rigid support means 200 may be transparent so as to be able to observe the different chambers formed by the ripple. Furthermore, the wall 300 and / or the support means 200 can be transparent so as to allow only desired and predefined radiations to pass.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
• Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

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• 2019
  • 2019-09-17 FR FR1910252A patent/FR3100846B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-09-10 US US17/761,591 patent/US20240044322A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-10 WO PCT/EP2020/075379 patent/WO2021052865A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-09-10 CN CN202080061915.7A patent/CN114341494A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-09-10 EP EP20771756.2A patent/EP4031768B1/fr active Active
  • 2020-09-10 CA CA3148349A patent/CA3148349A1/fr active Pending

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