EP4022753A1 - Alimentation en tension auxiliaire pour convertisseur de courant et son utilisation dans des véhicules - Google Patents

Alimentation en tension auxiliaire pour convertisseur de courant et son utilisation dans des véhicules

Info

Publication number
EP4022753A1
EP4022753A1 EP20758195.0A EP20758195A EP4022753A1 EP 4022753 A1 EP4022753 A1 EP 4022753A1 EP 20758195 A EP20758195 A EP 20758195A EP 4022753 A1 EP4022753 A1 EP 4022753A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
auxiliary
circuit
converter
bridge circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20758195.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christoph Berndt Marxgut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG filed Critical Rolls Royce Deutschland Ltd and Co KG
Publication of EP4022753A1 publication Critical patent/EP4022753A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D27/00—Arrangement or mounting of power plants in aircraft; Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/02—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants
    • B64D27/24—Aircraft characterised by the type or position of power plants using steam or spring force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
    • B64D41/00—Power installations for auxiliary purposes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
    • H02M1/0006—Arrangements for supplying an adequate voltage to the control circuit of converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4837—Flying capacitor converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for generating an auxiliary DC voltage for converters.
  • the invention also applies to a converter with such a circuit arrangement and a vehicle with such a converter.
  • the invention also relates to an associated process for generating an auxiliary DC voltage.
  • a central point here is to ensure the auxiliary voltage supply of the converter, because the function of the converter depends on the availability of the auxiliary voltage supply.
  • auxiliary voltage supplies are designed with multiple redundancies in order to be able to intercept the failure of an auxiliary voltage branch through other paths. These are either fed by AC / DC converters from the vehicle electrical system (typ. 115 V / 400 Hz) or by battery systems (typ. 28 V / DC).
  • AC / DC converters from the vehicle electrical system (typ. 115 V / 400 Hz) or by battery systems (typ. 28 V / DC).
  • the disadvantage of these designs is, on the one hand, the complexity that the redundancy entails. On the other hand, it increases the weight of the entire auxiliary voltage supply, which is particularly unfavorable in aviation.
  • FIG. 1 shows the circuit arrangement 1.
  • a DC input voltage Vi is converted into an AC output voltage for supplying one phase of a three-phase electrical machine 11.
  • the input voltage Vi buffered by two intermediate circuit capacitors 4 connected in series, is fed to a half-bridge circuit 2.
  • the half-bridge circuit 2 is formed by the first branch Ai and the second branch A2.
  • the half-bridge circuit 2 converts the direct voltage into an alternating voltage.
  • the half-bridge circuit does not consist, as in conventional topologies, of two switching elements, in which the center point is fed to a load, but of four switching elements Si to S4.
  • the switching elements Si to S4 are preferably semiconductor components.
  • the first and the second simultaneously switching switching element Si and S2 form the first branch Ai and the third and fourth simultaneously switching switching element S3 and S4 form the second branch A2.
  • the series connection of the switching elements Si and S2 or S3 and S4 enables the input voltage Vi to be divided between two switching elements Si and S2 or S3 and S4 of the corresponding branches Ai and A2. Accordingly, switching elements Si to S4 with a nominal voltage approximately equal to half the input voltage Vi can be used. Since it must only be ensured that the voltage distribution of the two switching elements Si and S2 or S3 and S4 is the same in each case, since otherwise one or more of the switching elements Si to S4 will be overstressed in terms of voltage or current, as a result of which the entire circuit arrangement 1 can be destroyed.
  • a flying capacitor 3 is arranged in parallel on the input side of the half-bridge circuit 2, which keeps the voltages of the switching elements Si and S2 or S3 and S4 almost constant even during the commutation period.
  • a first aspect of the invention is that an inherently necessary capacitor of a converter is used to feed an auxiliary voltage generating unit. This is particularly the case with topologies as shown in FIG. 1, simply possible because several intermediate circuit capacitors are used here, which have not applied the full intermediate circuit voltage. This means that the switches of the auxiliary voltage generation unit and the insulation do not have to be designed for the entire intermediate circuit voltage, which reduces the cost, weight and complexity of the converter.
  • the invention claims a circuit arrangement for generating an auxiliary DC voltage, comprising a half-bridge circuit which emits a load current and converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, and at least two intermediate circuit capacitors arranged in series parallel to the half-bridge circuit on the input side, and further having one through one of the intermediate circuit capacitors with electrical Energy-fed auxiliary voltage generation unit which is designed to generate an auxiliary DC voltage of less than or equal to 48V.
  • the half-bridge circuit has at least two switching elements arranged in series in each of the two branches, a flying capacitor being connected in parallel to each corresponding switching elements of the two branches.
  • the voltage on the flying capacitor can be regulated by choosing the switching times of the switching elements.
  • the auxiliary voltage generating unit has: a full bridge circuit, a transformer fed by the full bridge circuit, and a rectifier circuit fed by the transformer.
  • the invention also claims a power converter, in particular an inverter, with a circuit arrangement according to the invention.
  • An inverter is a converter that generates an alternating voltage with a changed frequency and amplitude from a direct voltage. From a DC input voltage an output AC voltage is generated via a DC voltage intermediate circuit and pulsed semiconductor switches.
  • the invention also claims a vehicle, in particular an aircraft, with a power converter according to the invention for an electric or hybrid-electric drive.
  • a vehicle is understood to mean any type of means of locomotion or transport, be it manned or unmanned.
  • An aircraft is a flying vehicle.
  • the vehicle has: an electric motor supplied with electrical energy by the converter and a propeller that can be set in rotation by the electric motor.
  • the invention also claims a method for generating an auxiliary direct voltage, comprising: a half-bridge circuit which emits a load current and converts a direct voltage into an alternating voltage, and at least two intermediate circuit capacitors arranged in series parallel to the half-bridge circuit on the input side, an auxiliary voltage generating unit with electrical energy from a of the intermediate circuit capacitors is fed, the auxiliary DC voltage being generated less than or equal to 48 V.
  • FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of a circuit arrangement with an auxiliary voltage generating unit
  • Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a circuit arrangement with an auxiliary voltage generating unit
  • FIG 5 shows an aircraft with a power converter.
  • FIG. 2 shows the auxiliary voltage architecture according to the invention using the example of a quasi-2L converter (but only one phase is shown).
  • the voltage on the flying capacitor 3 is regulated by the offset of the switch-on times of the switching elements Si to S4; the flying capacitor 3 is required to stabilize the switching transients and at the same time forms the input capacitor of the auxiliary voltage generating unit 5.
  • FIG. 2 shows the circuit arrangement 1 according to FIG. 1 with a half-bridge circuit 2 and two series-connected intermediate circuit capacitors 4, with the auxiliary voltage generating unit 5 being arranged in parallel with one of the two intermediate circuit capacitors 4, which is fed by the electrical energy stored in the intermediate circuit capacitor 4.
  • the auxiliary voltage generating unit 5 generates an auxiliary direct voltage V LV less than or equal to 48 V.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a circuit of the auxiliary voltage generating unit 5.
  • a full bridge circuit 5.1 which generates an alternating voltage from an input direct voltage.
  • the alternating voltage is fed to a transformer 5.2 for electrical isolation.
  • a rectifier circuit 5.3 is connected to the transformer 5.2.
  • the auxiliary DC voltage V LV is now available at the output of the rectifier circuit 5.3.
  • the topology of the auxiliary voltage generating unit 5 can in principle be freely selected and designed by the designer, but must provide the transformer 5.2 to isolate the voltage due to the potential on which the flying capacitor 3 is located.
  • a great advantage of this architecture is that the switches of the full bridge circuit are not loaded with the full intermediate circuit voltage (> 1 kV), but with the maximum voltage on one of the intermediate circuit capacitors 4, which is significantly smaller depending on the number of capacitors. This means that switches with the same voltage requirements as in the power circuit (switching elements Si to S 4 ) can be installed (but with a lower current requirement).
  • flyback topology which is very popular for auxiliary voltage converters, is not optimal here because it also impacts the transformed output voltage on the switches in addition to the input voltage.
  • either the magnetic circuit of the transformer can also be tapped or the energy is fed via diodes to the capacitor at the output.
  • the architecture would have created a supply path from high voltage to low voltage in a suitable manner, which was previously only possible with additional high-voltage auxiliary converters.
  • the concept presented here can be used both as a "stand-alone" auxiliary voltage supply for AC / DC, DC / AC and DC / DC (quasi) multilevel power converters, or as an additional Chen auxiliary supply branch for critical applications, such as in aviation.
  • FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a DC / AC converter 7, in particular a converter, with a circuit arrangement for generating a three-phase alternating voltage.
  • a half-bridge circuit 2 with a flying capacitor 3 is formed for each phase.
  • the half-bridge circuit 2 is supplied with direct voltage by two intermediate circuit capacitors 4 connected in series.
  • Each intermediate circuit capacitor 4 feeds an auxiliary voltage generating unit 5.
  • FIG. 5 shows an electric or hybrid-electric aircraft 8, in particular an aircraft, with a converter 7 according to FIG. 4, which supplies an electric motor 9 with electrical energy.
  • the electric motor 9 drives a propeller 10. Both are part of an electrical thrust generating unit.
  • a converter 7 can also be part of an on-board electrical system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de circuit (1) destiné à générer une tension continue auxiliaire (VLV), comportant : - un circuit en demi-pont (2) fournissant un courant de charge (IL), convertissant une tension continue (V1) en une tension alternative, - et au moins deux condensateurs de circuit intermédiaire (4) montés parallèlement en série par rapport au circuit en demi-pont (2) côté entrée, caractérisé par : - une unité de génération de tension auxiliaire (5) alimentée en énergie électrique par un des condensateurs de circuit intermédiaire (4), conçue pour générer une tension continue auxiliaire (VLV) inférieure ou égale à 48 V. L'invention concerne en outre un procédé associé de génération d'une tension continue auxiliaire, un convertisseur de courant et un véhicule comportant un tel système de circuit.
EP20758195.0A 2019-08-30 2020-08-19 Alimentation en tension auxiliaire pour convertisseur de courant et son utilisation dans des véhicules Pending EP4022753A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019213156.5A DE102019213156A1 (de) 2019-08-30 2019-08-30 Hilfsspannungsversorgung für Stromrichter und ihr Einsatz in Fahrzeugen
PCT/EP2020/073183 WO2021037628A1 (fr) 2019-08-30 2020-08-19 Alimentation en tension auxiliaire pour convertisseur de courant et son utilisation dans des véhicules

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4022753A1 true EP4022753A1 (fr) 2022-07-06

Family

ID=72148133

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20758195.0A Pending EP4022753A1 (fr) 2019-08-30 2020-08-19 Alimentation en tension auxiliaire pour convertisseur de courant et son utilisation dans des véhicules

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20220302843A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4022753A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102019213156A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021037628A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11634232B1 (en) * 2022-04-30 2023-04-25 Beta Air, Llc Hybrid propulsion systems for an electric aircraft
US20230348082A1 (en) * 2022-04-30 2023-11-02 Beta Air, Llc Hybrid propulsion systems for an electric aircraft
US11639230B1 (en) * 2022-04-30 2023-05-02 Beta Air, Llc System for an integral hybrid electric aircraft

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20120218795A1 (en) 2011-02-28 2012-08-30 Siemens Corporation Pulse width modulated control for hybrid inverters
US9148069B2 (en) * 2012-05-25 2015-09-29 General Electric Company High voltage high power multi-level drive structure
DE102013203734B4 (de) * 2013-03-05 2018-02-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Modularer Hochfrequenz-Umrichter
US10734925B2 (en) * 2013-12-18 2020-08-04 Otis Elevator Company Multilevel drive half DC bus power supplies
EP3213952B1 (fr) * 2016-03-02 2020-08-26 Airbus Defence and Space GmbH Systeme d'entrainement electrique pour un aeronef et procede de fonctionnement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220302843A1 (en) 2022-09-22
WO2021037628A1 (fr) 2021-03-04
DE102019213156A1 (de) 2021-03-04

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