Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
  • H02K1/141—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of C-shaped cores
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
  • H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
  • H02K1/148—Sectional cores
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
  • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
  • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
  • H02K1/18—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures
  • H02K1/185—Means for mounting or fastening magnetic stationary parts on to, or to, the stator structures to outer stators
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
  • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
  • H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
  • H02K21/16—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
  • H02K9/22—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by solid heat conducting material embedded in, or arranged in contact with, the stator or rotor, e.g. heat bridges
  • H02K9/227—Heat sinks
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
  • H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
  • H02K3/00—Details of windings
  • H02K3/04—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
  • H02K3/24—Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors with channels or ducts for cooling medium between the conductors

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of brushless permanent magnet electrical machines constituted by a yoke consisting of modules forming a structure with a polygonal or circular cross section and receiving toroidal coils surrounding the arms of this structure.
• a rotor comprising a diametrical cylindrical magnet interacts with the rotating magnetic field produced by the electric coils.
• This type of electric machine is distinguished from other notch machines having a wound yoke creating field lines between pole teeth.
• These toroidal structures are particularly favorable for motors rotating at high speed, by minimizing the residual torque (without current) and the various iron losses at the stator and at the rotor due to the absence of teeth near the rotating magnet and a larger magnetic air gap.
• the American patent application US2012128512 is known in the state of the art, describing a high-speed polyphase motor for a turbocharger, comprising a stator and a rotor.
• the rotor is fitted with a turbine.
• the stator comprises a ferromagnetic core and a coil, said coil being constructed as a series of coils which are torically wound around the core of the stator and which are physically separated to form an open space.
• a shell is constructed so as to create an additional open space between said stator core and said shell, this open space being composed a cooling channel confined inside by said rotor and the heart of the stator.
• EP0754365 describing an electric motor, comprising: a bore sealing tube; a single rotor having a pair of identical coaxial cylindrical bipolar permanent magnet sections disposed within the bore seal tube; a non-magnetic retaining ring disposed within the bore seal tube; a pair of nonmagnetic tipped shafts disposed within the bore seal tube and supported by the nonmagnetic retaining ring, each of said nonmagnetic tipped shafts being disposed on one end of a corresponding permanent magnet section of the pair of said sections; a non-magnetic separator disposed within the bore seal tube for axially separating and positioning the pair of permanent magnet sections; the non-magnetic retaining ring surrounding and retaining the permanent magnetized sections, the tipped shafts and the non-magnetic separator; a pair of stators, each of which is disposed outside the bore seal tube in operative relationship with a corresponding magnetized section of the pair of said sections; a retainer surrounding the pair of stators; and said
• Patent application US2018175706 describes a stator assembly used to be assembled to form a stator core.
• the stator assembly includes a tooth and a yoke. A end of the tooth is connected to the yoke.
• the caliper has an inner side, an outer side, a first mating side and a second mating side.
• the first mating side further includes a first engaging structure
• the second mating side further includes a second engaging structure.
• the second commitment structure corresponds to the first commitment structure.
• the outer side has a groove.
• the groove has a side surface and a bottom surface. An angle is defined between the side surface and the bottom surface, and the angle is in a range of 135 ° to 165 °.
• Japanese patent application JPS5970154 describes another example of a motor which can be simply assembled and disassembled by winding a toroidal winding on a stator core after having mounted a non-magnetic spacer ring on the core.
• the two parts of the split core are formed with insulating layers on the inner periphery of a slot and on both the upper and lower end surfaces.
• Spacer rings split similarly to the split parts of the core are respectively mounted on the outer radius surfaces of the cores. After the rings are fitted, a toroidal winding is formed on a yoke for each slot at all the cores.
• the split cores are glued in a circular shape, a steel plate frame is mounted on the outer periphery of the protrusion of the rings to complete a stator.
• Patent application US2002089242 describes an electrical machine which comprises a stator core having first and second ends and having windings therein with end turns of the windings protruding from the first and second ends of the stator core.
• a rotor is rotatably positioned within the stator core.
• First and second sets of rolled aluminum rings are positioned against the first and second ends, respectively, of the stator core in contact with The box.
• a thermally conductive potting material is positioned between the end turns and the respective first and second ring assemblies at the first and second ends of the stator core, thereby creating heat dissipation paths from the end turns, through the potting material and the ring assemblies to the housing.
• the solutions of the prior art nevertheless present sources of noise pollution by the magnetic noise produced at the level of the gaskets of the cylinder head, for example by the forced circulation of a fluid between thin strips of material.
• the heat dissipation is furthermore far from being sufficient when the machine must supply a power of several kilowatts in a small diameter (typically less than 100 mm), by the fact that the electrical conductors have a small surface area for exchange with the medium. exterior (housing or flange).
• manufacture and assembly of electric machines according to the state of the art are relatively complex, in particular their integration into the external environment.
• the calories of the wound stator are evacuated by fins dissipating the heat in a tubular cooling space, by convection in the air, which does not make it possible to ensure sufficient efficiency, or requires the circulation of an air flow in this tubular space.
• the present invention aims to respond to these drawbacks.
• it relates according to its most general meaning to an electric machine comprising a cylinder head supporting N toroidal coils, and a central rotor comprising a permanent magnet,
• said yoke consisting of a plurality of stator modules having at least one core in a soft ferromagnetic material supporting at least one coil, characterized in that
• stator modules have at the front ends of said cores complementary mating surfaces ensuring magnetic and mechanical continuity
• - Said machine further comprises: a cylindrical outer casing made of a thermally conductive material,
• solid and solid longitudinal ribs means a projecting part, forming a block of material or by a bundle of rolled sheets forming a block without empty space.
• said yoke consists of N / 2 stator modules having two stator cores in a soft ferromagnetic material called arms,
• each of said arms supporting a coil, • said arms having at their front ends areas of complementary assemblies ensuring magnetic continuity.
• said stator modules have two stator cores made of a soft ferromagnetic material extending on either side of a solid and massive rib directed on the side opposite to said rotor and coming into contact with the inner surface of said cylindrical outer casing in a thermally conductive material.
• Said cylindrical outer casing can then be made of a thermally conductive material having ribs extending radially, the front end of which comes into contact with said stator cores made of a soft ferromagnetic material, at the level of the intersection of two adjacent arms.
• the multiple longitudinal links, or longitudinal ribs, ensuring thermal conduction between the cylinder head and the cylindrical outer casing are solid and massive.
• the term “full and massive” is understood to mean that these connections do not consist of multiple layers of material separated by air layers, but have a continuity of material so as to promote thermal conductivity between the yoke supporting the coils and the outer casing.
• these longitudinal links can be made of a single-piece material, of an assembly of several single-piece elements, or of a stack of sheets.
• said ribs and / or said front ends have a chamfer to allow the forced introduction of said cylinder head into said cylindrical outer casing and / or are in contact with the lateral ends of two consecutive stator modules to ensure the positioning of said stator modules. constituting said cylinder head.
• said yoke consists of N stator modules each having a stator core in a soft ferromagnetic material supporting a coil whose turns are arranged in planes forming an increasing angle on either side of the median transverse plane. of said coil,
• stator cores having at their front ends areas of complementary assemblies ensuring magnetic continuity
• said machine further comprising a cylindrical outer casing having N longitudinal ribs, the front inner surface of which comes into contact with the outer surface of the connection zone of two adjacent stator cores, in order to ensure the mechanical wedging of said yoke relative to to said outer casing and thermal conduction of calories from said cylinder head to said cylindrical outer casing.
• a stack of sheets in the axial direction and made of a non-magnetic material but which is a better thermal conductor than air is arranged at the interface between the casing and said coil, said stack of sheets preferably being in contact with said outer casing and said coil.
• a thermally conductive material is placed at the interface between the outer casing and said coil, said thermally conductive material preferably being in contact with said outer casing and said coil.
• Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment
• FIG. 2 represents a view in cross section of a first variant embodiment
• FIG. 3 represents a view in cross section of a second variant embodiment
• FIG. 4 represents a cross-sectional view of a third variant embodiment
• FIG. 5 represents a view in cross section of a fourth variant embodiment
• FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of a fifth alternative embodiment.
• FIG. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of a sixth variant embodiment.
• the invention relates to a configuration of a stator comprising a yoke formed of several modules, all identical.
• Each stator module has at least one stator core (218) extending perpendicular to a radius passing through the middle of this stator core (218), and which is surrounded by a coil
• This stator core (218) is mechanically and thermally coupled to a cylindrical outer casing (200) surrounding the stator by means of solid and solid longitudinal links, of rectangular cross section, extending over the entire length of the stator between: a ) the inner surface of the cylindrical outer casing (200) and b) the junction zone of two stator cores (218, 226).
• the longitudinal connections are therefore solid and massive, possibly laminated, so as to maximize the thermal conductivity between the yoke of the stator and the cylindrical outer casing (200).
• the cylindrical outer casing (200) is then itself associated with a cooled housing, with fins, or directly ensures the evacuation of heat to the outside of the engine.
• connection between the stator modules and the cylindrical outer casing (200) is made either by continuity of the material or by a tight fit ensuring direct contact of the ferromagnetic material.
• stator modules are formed by a core surrounded by its coil, the longitudinal links then being monolithic ribs extending the inner surface of the cylindrical outer casing ( 200), these ribs having a longitudinal groove in which the outer edges of two consecutive stator cores (218, 226) fit without play, or
• the stator modules have a "Y" cross section, the foot then forming the longitudinal connection, the front surface of which bears tight against the inner surface of the cylindrical outer casing (200), and the two arms constituting two stator cores (216, 218) each supporting a coil; the longitudinal front surfaces of the arms of two adjacent stator modules coming into close contact, or
• the modules have a “U” -shaped cross section, the two branches of the “U” then forming the solid and massive longitudinal connection, the front surface of which bears tight against the inner surface of the cylindrical casing (200), and the zone connecting the two branches of the "U” constituting the core (218) supporting a coil; the longitudinal front surfaces of the arms of two adjacent stator modules coming into close contact, or
• the assembly can be assembled by longitudinal sliding of the stator modules provided with the coils (211, 261, 227, 231, 241, 251) in the cylindrical outer casing (200), with a clearance-free assembly after positioning of the modules.
• Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment.
• the electric machine comprises a rotor (100) with a diametrically magnetized tubular magnet, coated with a hoop (not visible) to prevent the stripping of particles under the effect of centrifugal force for high speed machines.
• stator comprising toroidal coils (211, 261; 227, 231; 241, 251) and a cylinder head in the form of a set of three longitudinal stator modules (215, 225, 245), having a "Y" -shaped section, with a rib extended on either side of two stator cores respectively (216, 218; 226, 228; 240, 250), these stator cores being in a soft ferromagnetic material, preferably in a stack of sheets.
• Each of the stator cores (216, 218, 226, 228, 240, 250) is surrounded by a coil respectively (211, 261; 227, 231; 241, 251).
• the coils (211, 261, 227, 231, 241, 251) are formed with turns of an electrically conductive material - copper or aluminum for example - the inclination of which varies.
• the plane (302) formed by the turn at the start of the winding forms an open angle with the radial plane (300). This angle is reduced to become zero for the median turns whose plane coincides with the radial plane (300), then this angle between the plane of the coil and the radial plane (300) increases again - in the opposite direction - to the end of the winding, where the angle of the coil (303) again exhibits an open angle with respect to the plane radial (300).
• the section of the winding is not identical inside and outside the stator, on either side of the stator cores (216, 218; 226, 228; 240, 250). Indeed, to optimize the overall volume of the machine but also to optimize the performance of the motor, the turns outside the stator cores (216, 218; 226, 228; 240, 250) are distributed over the entire length of the polygonal side. form. This configuration makes it possible to maximize the volume of copper in the winding while limiting the outside diameter of the machine and its volume.
• the setting of the stator modules relative to the cylindrical casing (200) is ensured, in this embodiment, by the outer shape of the front surface of the longitudinal ribs (312, 332, 352) forming the foot of the “Y”, in cross section, which come into contact with the cylindrical outer shell (200).
• the cylindrical outer casing (200) is generally made of a material having good thermal conduction properties - for example aluminum - which also allows the stator modules (215, 225, 245) to conduct the heat flux produced by the coils (211, 261, 227, 231, 241, 251) during machine operation.
• the setting of the stator modules relative to the cylindrical outer casing (200) is provided on the one hand by longitudinal ribs (212, 232, 252) extending the inner surface of the cylindrical outer shell (200), and having an inner rim configured to receive the outer surface of the connection area of two adjacent stator modules.
• the longitudinal ribs (212, 232, 252) have a "V" groove (213, 233, 253) in which the edge formed by two adjacent stator cores (216, 250; 218, 226; 228, 240) can slide longitudinally during assembly, and ensure the wedging after installation inside the cylindrical outer casing (200).
• the setting is also provided by the outer longitudinal surface of the three stator modules (215, 225, 245), having a rounded contact surface, with a radius of curvature corresponding to the radius of curvature of the inner surface of the casing cylindrical outer (200).
• stator modules (215, 225, 245) and the cylindrical outer casing (200) and between the longitudinal ribs (212, 232, 252) and the edges of the stator cores (218, 226, 228, 240, 250, 216) provide mechanical wedging and thermal conduction bridges making it possible to evacuate the calories produced by the electrical coils (211, 261, 227, 231, 241, 251) of the machine.
• Figure 3 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment which differs from the previous ones in that it comprises only longitudinal ribs (212, 312, 232, 332, 252, 352) radially extending the cylindrical outer casing ( 200), as wedging elements and thermal contact between the cylindrical outer casing (200) and the stator cores (218, 226, 228, 240, 250, 216) which do not have ribs.
• the end of the ribs (212, 312, 232, 332, 252, 352) advantageously have a chamfer to facilitate relative positioning at the time of assembly.
• the stator yoke can be inserted by axial sliding in the cylindrical outer casing (200), the connection areas of the stator cores (216, 218, 226, 228, 240, 250) sliding in the "V" grooves (213 , 313, 233, 333, 253, 353) of the longitudinal ribs (212, 312, 232, 332, 252, 352).
• FIGS. 4 to 6 show alternative embodiments with the aim of improving the heat dissipation performance of the machine towards the cylindrical outer casing (200).
• a stack of sheets (400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 401) made of aluminum.
• the thermal conduction is thus maximized without disturbing the operation of the machine, since the stacking of the sheets (400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 401) in the axial direction, direction perpendicular to the majority of the magnetic field lines of the motor, will limit the development of induced currents and therefore losses.
• the shape of these stacks of sheets (400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450, 401) can vary. In the first example of figure 4, the shape matches the coils as closely as possible (211, 261, 227, 231, 241, 251) and the stator cores (216, 218, 226, 228, 240, 250). These stacks of sheets (400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450) have the shape of an arcuate blade to allow them to fit between two consecutive ribs, against the inner surface of the cylindrical outer casing (200). The stack of sheets (400) is as close as possible to the coils, the source of heat dissipation.
• the stack of sheets (401) forms a ring which is housed coaxially inside the cylindrical casing (200).
• This ring of sheets has ribs (212, 312, 232, 332, 252, 352) ensuring the mechanical setting of the stator and the transmission of heat between the yoke of the stator supporting the coils and the cylindrical outer casing (200).
• the stack of sheets (400, 410, 420, 430, 440, 450) have the form of longitudinal blades inserted locally between the casing (200) and the coils.
• the ribs (212, 312, 232, 332, 252, 352) are, as in the example of Figure 3, internal extensions of the cylindrical casing (200).
• the invention is not limited to the use of aluminum sheets.
• the stacking of sheets can be made of another material, benefiting from better thermal conductive properties than air.
• any solid material can be used as long as it is a better thermal conductor than air and that it is non-magnetic and electrical insulating, or with poor magnetic and electrical properties relative to iron.
• Figure 7 shows a cross-sectional view of an embodiment which differs from the previous ones in that the stator cores (218, 226, 228, 240, 250, 216) are extended at each end by an extension (412, 562; 422, 512; 432, 522, 442, 532; 452, 542; 462, 552) giving to said stator cores a "U" shape. Pairs of said extensions (412, 512; 422, 522; 432, 532, 442, 542; 452, 552; 462, 562) of two separate stator cores are assembled to form the longitudinal ribs as wedging elements and thermal contact between the 'cylindrical outer shell (200) and the various stator cores (218, 226, 228, 240, 250, 216).
• stator yoke can be inserted by axial sliding in the casing, the ribs having at their radial end shapes complementary to the cylindrical outer casing (200).

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Frames (AREA)
• Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
• Permanent Magnet Type Synchronous Machine (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=69157973

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Families Citing this family (2)

Family Cites Families (7)

• 2019
  • 2019-08-27 FR FR1909432A patent/FR3100399B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-08-26 CN CN202080060650.9A patent/CN114600351A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-08-26 KR KR1020227009282A patent/KR20220047858A/ko unknown
  • 2020-08-26 EP EP20775041.5A patent/EP4022742A1/de active Pending
  • 2020-08-26 WO PCT/FR2020/051501 patent/WO2021038168A1/fr unknown
  • 2020-08-26 JP JP2022513532A patent/JP2022546086A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-08-26 US US17/753,354 patent/US20220311289A1/en active Pending

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