EP4013955A1 - Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement - Google Patents

Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement

Info

Publication number
EP4013955A1
EP4013955A1 EP20754216.8A EP20754216A EP4013955A1 EP 4013955 A1 EP4013955 A1 EP 4013955A1 EP 20754216 A EP20754216 A EP 20754216A EP 4013955 A1 EP4013955 A1 EP 4013955A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jacket tube
electrode
electrically heatable
layer
electrically
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP20754216.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Sven Schepers
Peter Hirth
Thomas HÄRIG
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Original Assignee
Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vitesco Technologies GmbH filed Critical Vitesco Technologies GmbH
Publication of EP4013955A1 publication Critical patent/EP4013955A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
    • F01N3/2026—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means directly electrifying the catalyst substrate, i.e. heating the electrically conductive catalyst substrate by joule effect
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/56—Foraminous structures having flow-through passages or channels, e.g. grids or three-dimensional monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • F01N3/2807—Metal other than sintered metal
    • F01N3/281—Metallic honeycomb monoliths made of stacked or rolled sheets, foils or plates
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H05B3/08—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders having electric connections specially adapted for high temperatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
    • B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/02—Metallic plates or honeycombs, e.g. superposed or rolled-up corrugated or otherwise deformed sheet metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/016—Heaters using particular connecting means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrically heatable catalyst with a metallic honeycomb body, the honeycomb body is formed by a plurality of wound metallic foils and the honeycomb body is taken up in a casing tube, a device for electrical contacting at least individual foils in through an opening in the casing tube the jacket pipe is guided.
  • honeycomb bodies To increase the exhaust gas temperature in devices for exhaust gas aftertreatment, electrically heatable honeycomb bodies are also used. These have a honeycomb body which is formed, for example, from a multiplicity of metallic foils which are stacked on top of one another and wound up together. For heating, the use of current-carrying conductors is known, which generate heat using the ohmic resistance. Alternatively, individual metallic foils or stacks of layers produced from them can be directly contacted electrically so that they act as current-carrying conductors and lead to heating.
  • foils are regularly combined at one of their free ends to form a compact stack in order to be able to direct the current into the foils in a targeted manner.
  • One embodiment of the invention relates to an electrically heatable catalyst with a metallic honeycomb body, the honeycomb body being formed by a plurality of rolled-up metallic foils and the honeycomb body being accommodated in a casing tube, a device for electrical contacting at least individual foils in through an opening in the casing tube the jacket tube is guided, the device being formed by an electrode which is electrically insulated from the inside of the jacket tube by a connecting layer and is mechanically connected to the jacket tube.
  • the honeycomb body is formed from a plurality of metal foils which, for example, can be smooth or structured, in particular corrugated.
  • the stacked metal foils are then preferably wound around one or more mandrels, so that a honeycomb body with a plurality of flow channels through which can flow is produced.
  • the individual flow channels are essentially formed between the corrugated and smooth metal foils.
  • the honeycomb body By spacing individual layer stacks apart, conductors that are electrically insulated from one another can be formed.
  • the honeycomb body can be heated using the ohmic resistance.
  • the stack of layers through which current flows is heated due to the electrical resistance of the metal foils forming it.
  • Exhaust gas flowing past is heated by the heated metal foils, which increases the temperature in the catalytic converter or the structures following the catalytic converter.
  • an electrical conductor must be passed through the casing tube that receives the honeycomb body.
  • the electrode which enables particularly simple contacting of the metal foils, is used for this purpose.
  • a material connection of the metal foils to the electrode for example by soldering or welding, is advantageous here in order to produce a permanently durable connection.
  • One electrical pole is usually formed by the electrode, while the other pole is formed by the housing of the catalytic converter.
  • the electrode guided through the housing or the jacket must therefore be electrically insulated from the housing or the jacket tube, while in particular it must be electrically conductively connected to the metal foils of the layer stack assigned to the electrode.
  • the electrode is firmly connected to the jacket tube in order to avoid relative movements of the electrode with respect to the jacket tube and thus also to prevent movement of the metal foils or the stack of layers.
  • the connecting layer is formed by an insulating layer and an adhesive layer, the insulating layer facing the jacket tube and the adhesive layer facing the electrode.
  • the connecting layer is ideally a multi-phase layer that on the one hand creates electrical insulation between the jacket tube and the electrode, and at the same time has an adhesive layer that enables a permanent and particularly robust connection of the electrode to the jacket pipe.
  • multi-layer connecting layers or connecting layers with specific properties in the edge area are known here. Such specific properties can be achieved, for example, by adding certain elements or mixtures of substances.
  • a preferred embodiment is characterized in that the insulating layer has an electrically insulating effect and consists of one of the substances Al2O3, Zr02, MgO, T1O2, Ce02, a ceramic doped with yttrium, a ceramic doped with silicon, cordierite, mullite or a mixture of the substances listed is formed.
  • the adhesive layer is a metallic layer and is formed from one of the materials Cu, Ni, Co, Ag, Pd or their alloys such as AgPd or CuNi.
  • the insulating layer and the adhesive layer have similar, preferably identical, coefficients of thermal expansion. This is advantageous in order to avoid stresses occurring within the connecting layer. Tensions can arise in particular as a result of the strong heating and cooling of the catalytic converter during operation.
  • the insulating layer and the adhesive layer also have similar or the same thermal expansion coefficients as the adjacent jacket or the electrode.
  • the electrode is T-shaped and the section arranged in the interior of the jacket tube has a larger cross-sectional area than the opening through which it is guided.
  • the T-shaped basic shape is advantageous in order to create a connection surface for the metal foils or the stack of layers which is larger than the opening through which the electrode is guided through the jacket tube. This makes the connection of the stack of layers easier and also prevents the creation of so-called hotspots, which can arise from a concentration of the flowing current at a certain point on the electrode or the metal foils.
  • the electrode can advantageously be guided from the inside through the jacket tube and then mechanically connected to the jacket tube before the metal foils are finally connected to the electrode.
  • connection of the electrode with the jacket tube and the metal foils with the electrode can also be achieved simultaneously in one work step, for example by soldering in a soldering furnace.
  • the jacket tube has a bulge directed radially outward in the area of the opening, the inside of the jacket tube tube-guided section of the electrode is received in one of this bulge etcbil Deten pocket.
  • the outward bulge creates a kind of cavern inside in the wall of the jacket tube, into which the T-shaped area of the electrode can be received.
  • the otherwise circular cross-section of the jacket pipe can be retained.
  • the honeycomb body formed from the metal foils does not have to be specially adapted in order to be adapted to the electrode. Of course, this also applies in the same way to honeycomb bodies and casing pipes with different cross-sections, such as an oval cross-section, for example.
  • the opening in the jacket tube is closed in a gas-tight manner by the material connection between the electrode, the insulating layer and the adhesive layer. This is particularly advantageous in order to avoid leaks. Exiting hot exhaust gases withdraw energy from the catalytic converter and can also damage the structures surrounding the catalytic converter.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional view through the electrode and the one telrohr in the area of implementation through the jacket tube, and
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the contact point between jacket tube and
  • FIG. 1 shows a sectional view through a jacket tube 1 of a catalytic converter, in particular an electrically heatable catalytic converter.
  • the jacket tube 1 forms a housing for the honeycomb body 2 formed in the interior, which is formed from a plurality of metal foils which are stacked on top of one another to form stacks 3.
  • the jacket tube 1 has an opening 4 through which an electrode 5 is guided.
  • the electrode 5 has a stem-like extension which protrudes outward through the opening 4 from the interior of the jacket tube 1, and a plate-shaped section which is arranged inside the jacket tube 1.
  • the electrode 5 is T-shaped.
  • the jacket tube 1 has a bulge 6 in which the plate-shaped section of the electrode 5 is received.
  • the inwardly directed surface of the plate-shaped section of the electrode 5 is in alignment with the inner wall of the casing tube 1.
  • the plate-shaped section can also be preformed and adapted to the geometry of the inside of the casing tube 1.
  • the electrode 5 can also be adapted to an oval or some other cross section of the jacket tube 1.
  • the bulge 6 means that an envelope curve placed around the honeycomb body 2 formed in the interior can have a continuous profile and need not have a notch or other recess in the area of the electrode 5. This is particularly advantageous because the honeycomb bodies are regularly generated by winding the stack of layers around a mandrel or several mandrels.
  • the electrode 5 is mechanically and temperature-resistantly connected to the jacket tube 1 via a connecting layer 7.
  • the connecting layer 7 has an electrically insulating area 8 and an adhesive area 9.
  • the electrically insulating region 8 is arranged on the side facing the casing tube 1 and the adhesive region is arranged on the side of the connecting layer 7 facing the electrode 5.
  • a solder 10 which is used to later connect the electrode 5 to the jacket 1, can be applied to the adhesive area 9.
  • the connecting layer 7 can be formed from two individual and joined layers. Alternatively a layer can also be formed which is formed differently in the two edge regions. For example, the concentration of given elements can vary in strength in order to achieve an electrically insulating effect at an edge area.
  • a sufficiently high metallic component can be formed on the opposite edge area, which allows the connection to the electrode 5 by means of soldering. Preferred materials are described in the subclaims.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 in particular does not have a restrictive character and serves to illustrate the inventive concept.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement qui comporte un corps en nid d'abeilles métallique (2) formé par une pluralité de feuilles métalliques enroulées et maintenu dans un tube de gainage (1). Un dispositif de mise en contact électrique d'au moins des feuilles individuelles est introduit dans le tube de gainage (1) à travers une ouverture (4) dans celui-ci (1), et est formé par une électrode (5), qui, au moyen d'une couche de liaison (7), est électriquement isolée de l'intérieur du tube de gaine (1) et est reliée mécaniquement à celui-ci (1).
EP20754216.8A 2019-08-13 2020-08-06 Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement Withdrawn EP4013955A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019212133.0A DE102019212133B4 (de) 2019-08-13 2019-08-13 Elektrisch beheizbarer Katalysator
PCT/EP2020/072150 WO2021028314A1 (fr) 2019-08-13 2020-08-06 Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4013955A1 true EP4013955A1 (fr) 2022-06-22

Family

ID=72046880

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20754216.8A Withdrawn EP4013955A1 (fr) 2019-08-13 2020-08-06 Convertisseur catalytique chauffable électriquement

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20220161190A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4013955A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022542929A (fr)
KR (1) KR20220019054A (fr)
CN (1) CN114174648A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019212133B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021028314A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0456919A3 (en) * 1990-04-16 1992-01-22 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Catalytic converter system
US5177961A (en) * 1991-06-26 1993-01-12 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Upstream collimator for electrically heatable catalytic converter
US5526462A (en) * 1993-03-22 1996-06-11 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Honeycomb heater with mounting means preventing axial-displacement and absorbing radial displacement
JP3305505B2 (ja) * 1994-07-29 2002-07-22 日本碍子株式会社 電極構造
US5571485A (en) * 1994-07-29 1996-11-05 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Combined electrically heatable converter body
JPH08326526A (ja) * 1995-05-30 1996-12-10 Nippon Steel Corp 電気加熱式金属触媒担体
DE19533088A1 (de) * 1995-09-07 1997-03-13 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Elektrische isolierende Durchführung mit einer Elektrokorrosionsschutzeinrichtung
DE19921609A1 (de) * 1999-05-10 2000-11-16 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Wabenkörperanordnung mit verschiedenen Abschnitten in einem Mantelrohr
DE10051562A1 (de) * 2000-10-18 2002-04-25 Emitec Emissionstechnologie Beheizbarer Wabenkörper mit zwei verschiedenen Beschichtungen
DE102010045507A1 (de) * 2010-09-15 2012-03-15 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Anordnung für eine Stromversorgung einer Komponente in einem Abgasystem
DE102012007020A1 (de) * 2012-04-05 2013-10-10 Emitec Gesellschaft Für Emissionstechnologie Mbh Elektrischer Anschluss von mehreren Blechlagen eines elektrisch beheizbaren Wabenkörpers und zugehöriger Wabenkörper
DE102017216470A1 (de) * 2017-09-18 2019-03-21 Continental Automotive Gmbh Elektrisch beheizbare Heizscheibe für die Abgasnachbehandlung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2022542929A (ja) 2022-10-07
DE102019212133B4 (de) 2021-05-27
US20220161190A1 (en) 2022-05-26
CN114174648A (zh) 2022-03-11
DE102019212133A1 (de) 2021-02-18
WO2021028314A1 (fr) 2021-02-18
KR20220019054A (ko) 2022-02-15

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