EP4002608A1 - Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit - Google Patents
Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4002608A1 EP4002608A1 EP20306434.0A EP20306434A EP4002608A1 EP 4002608 A1 EP4002608 A1 EP 4002608A1 EP 20306434 A EP20306434 A EP 20306434A EP 4002608 A1 EP4002608 A1 EP 4002608A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cladding
- mode
- optical fiber
- core
- fiber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 180
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 rare earth ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001270131 Agaricus moelleri Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005387 chalcogenide glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005383 fluoride glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005365 phosphate glass Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001430 chromium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052691 Erbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001392 phosphorus oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus hexaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)OP3OP1OP2O3 VSAISIQCTGDGPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 208000025174 PANDAS Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000021155 Paediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium Chemical compound [Er] UYAHIZSMUZPPFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N holmium atom Chemical compound [Ho] KJZYNXUDTRRSPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021644 lanthanide ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000075 oxide glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000004718 Panda Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016496 Panda oleosa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005371 ZBLAN Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001451 bismuth ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KWMNWMQPPKKDII-UHFFFAOYSA-N erbium ytterbium Chemical compound [Er].[Yb] KWMNWMQPPKKDII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium oxide Inorganic materials O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001455 metallic ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxogermanium Chemical compound [Ge]=O PVADDRMAFCOOPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen difluoride Chemical compound FOF UJMWVICAENGCRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052714 tellurium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tellurium atom Chemical compound [Te] PORWMNRCUJJQNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06712—Polarising fibre; Polariser
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08018—Mode suppression
- H01S3/0804—Transverse or lateral modes
- H01S3/08045—Single-mode emission
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
- H01S3/094007—Cladding pumping, i.e. pump light propagating in a clad surrounding the active core
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
- H01S3/06733—Fibre having more than one cladding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06729—Peculiar transverse fibre profile
- H01S3/06741—Photonic crystal fibre, i.e. the fibre having a photonic bandgap
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/0675—Resonators including a grating structure, e.g. distributed Bragg reflectors [DBR] or distributed feedback [DFB] fibre lasers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06754—Fibre amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/094003—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre
- H01S3/094011—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light the pumped medium being a fibre with bidirectional pumping, i.e. with injection of the pump light from both two ends of the fibre
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/09408—Pump redundancy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/09—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping
- H01S3/091—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping
- H01S3/094—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light
- H01S3/0941—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode
- H01S3/09415—Processes or apparatus for excitation, e.g. pumping using optical pumping by coherent light of a laser diode the pumping beam being parallel to the lasing mode of the pumped medium, e.g. end-pumping
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/1601—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/1601—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion
- H01S3/162—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion transition metal
- H01S3/1623—Solid materials characterised by an active (lasing) ion transition metal chromium, e.g. Alexandrite
Definitions
- the invention relates to a single-mode amplifying optical fiber, amplifier fiber or laser fiber for generating peak high power radiation with good spatial quality.
- the invention relates to a fiber and a method for operating and manufacturing said optical fiber.
- Manufacturing single-mode optical fibers is a key parameter for delivering laser beams having good spatial quality, i.e. with a laser beam quality factor M 2 lower than 1.05 and as close as possible to 1. If the fiber is not single-mode but multi-mode, the beam quality is degraded. Only a single-mode fiber, or, in other words, a fiber with a single transverse propagation mode, enables obtaining the required laser beam quality.
- a large mode area fiber (or LMA fiber) is defined as an optical fiber having an effective area (denoted A eff ) for the fundamental mode higher than approximately 90 ⁇ 2 where ⁇ is the wavelength of a signal guided and amplified in the fiber.
- mode » herein refers to the transverse mode of an electro-magnetic wave, i.e. the light signal propagating in the fiber which may include the amplified or stimulated signal in the case of an amplifier, respectively a laser.
- references made to light propagation in a single-mode are intended to include propagation in effectively a single transverse mode of nearly Gaussian shape.
- a very large mode area fiber (or VLMA fiber) is defined as an optical fiber having an effective area for the fundamental mode higher than approximately 375 ⁇ 2 where ⁇ is the wavelength of the signal.
- a first approach is based on conventional step-index fibers comprising a solid core surrounded by a solid first cladding having a lower refractive index than the core.
- the core is generally doped with rare earth ions for amplifying the optical radiation.
- a signal coupled into the core propagates by total internal reflection due to the refractive index difference between the doped core and the cladding.
- manufacturing conventional large mode area fibers is all the more difficult as the effective area increases.
- increasing the core diameter to obtain a large mode area renders the fiber multi-mode which results in the propagation of higher order modes.
- Different refractive index profiles for the core have also been proposed such as step-index, flat-top or parabolic profiles.
- NA numerical aperture
- microstructured fibers or photonic crystal fibers comprising a core surrounded by an array of air-holes or doped silica inclusions.
- the signal propagates by total internal reflection due to the refractive index difference between the average refractive index of microstructured cladding and central solid-core.
- these fibers enable to obtain very large mode area, with an extremely low numerical aperture depending on the size of the air-holes or doped silica inclusions.
- microstructured fibers and PCFs are very sensitive to bending. Large mode area doped optical microstructured fibers have other drawbacks, such as manufacturing complexity, costs and fiber handling difficulties such as cleaving and splicing.
- core diameter is generally limited to about 40 ⁇ m and PCF fibers are preferably used in a straight configuration, which limits in practice the fiber length compatible with compactness requirements for a laser system.
- elevated concentration of aluminium oxide (AL 2 O 3 ) and/or phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5 ) co-dopants are required with rare earth ions doped fibers to prevent adverse effects such as photodarkening and clustering effects which degrade fiber amplifiers short and long term performances.
- PCF designs require nearly equal or slightly below silica core index which limit co-dopants incorporation and/or rare earth ions increase concentrations before onset of detrimental effects.
- PM-YDF polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped fiber
- X. Peng an L. Dong (“Fundamental mode operation in polarization-maintaining ytterbium-doped fiber with an effective area of 1400 ⁇ m2"
- a PM-YDF comprising two boron-doped stress elements and four holes around a core with a diameter of about 50 ⁇ m.
- This fiber has a critical bending radius of 4 cm for the fundamental mode and operates in single-mode when air-holes dimensions are precisely engineered to create large leakage loss for high-order modes.
- the doped area of the core presents a refractive index very slightly below the refractive index of silica by 2.0x10 -4 .
- An alternative approach uses polarizing PCF fibers or microstructured fibers intrinsically supporting a few modes, which are forced into single-mode operation through bending with a bending radius of less than 40 cm.
- the effective area of these fibers cannot be arbitrarily scaled up with the size of the fiber core.
- the output power drops if the bending diameter is less than 30 cm.
- the largest power obtained is 1500 W in continuous-wave operation using a PM fiber.
- one object of the invention is to provide a very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber.
- an optical fiber comprising a core extending along a longitudinal axis of the optical fiber, the core being solid and doped with elements presenting at least one emission band, the core having a core diameter larger than 30 ⁇ m, said core being surrounded by at least one glassy cladding comprising a first cladding, the first cladding comprising a solid matrix made of a first glass and two stress applying parts (or SAPs) arranged symmetrically with respect to the core, the first glass having a lower refractive index than the core, the core and the two stress applying parts being aligned along an alignment axis transverse to the longitudinal axis, wherein the at least one glassy cladding comprises, on its outer periphery, two flat surfaces extending parallel to the longitudinal axis and transverse to the alignment axis, the two flat surfaces being arranged symmetrically with respect to the core and being joined by two rounded surfaces and wherein the optical fiber is suitable for being bent with a bending diameter less than 30 cm in
- the optical fiber is adapted for amplifying a signal at a wavelength corresponding to the emission band of the ions.
- This design and configuration enable to obtain an amplifying optical fiber having a very large mode area and operating in single-mode regime. Due to the two stress applying parts, this amplifying optical fiber is a polarization-maintaining fiber.
- the two flat surfaces mechanically induce bending the fiber in a plane forming an angle of less than 15 degrees with the alignment axis of the two stress applying parts. This bending enables to suppress the higher order modes, while inducing limited losses on the fundamental mode, thus enabling the fiber to amplify the fundamental mode in single mode regime.
- the fiber presents losses for the High Order Modes (HOMs) equal or greater than 10 dB/m, and thus operates in single-mode regime.
- HOMs High Order Modes
- a further object of the invention is to provide a fiber amplifier comprising a very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber according to any one of the embodiments disclosed, said very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber being spooled around a coil or around a circular plate with a bending diameter less than 30 cm.
- a further object of the invention is to provide a fiber laser comprising a very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber according to the present disclosure, said very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber being spooled with a bending diameter less than 30 cm and the fiber laser further comprising a first mirror at a first end of the very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber, and a second mirror at a second end of the very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber.
- the first mirror and/or the second mirror comprises a fiber Bragg grating.
- the core 1 extends along a longitudinal axis 10 of the optical fiber.
- the core 1 is doped with rare earth ions.
- the rare earth ions are selected among any lanthanide ion.
- the rare earth ions are selected among ytterbium, erbium, thulium and holmium or any combination thereof, such as erbium-ytterbium co-doping.
- the core 1 is doped with chromium or bismuth ions.
- the core 1 is based on a silica matrix doped with ytterbium ions.
- the core 1 is solid.
- the core 1 has generally a step-index profile relatively to the first cladding.
- the core 1 has a flat-top or parabolic refractive index profile.
- the core has generally a cylindrical shape with a circular cross-section. The core center is merged with the longitudinal axis 10 of the optical fiber.
- the first cladding 2 comprises a solid matrix made of a first glass and including two stress applying parts (or SAPs) 21, 22.
- the two stress applying parts 21, 22 are arranged symmetrically with respect to the core 1 inside the solid matrix of the first cladding 2.
- the optical fiber 100 presents an alignment axis 20 passing through the core 1 and the two stress applying parts 21, 22.
- the first cladding 2 does not include any hole or any other inclusion except for the two stress applying parts 21, 22.
- the first cladding 2 is without any hole or is not a holey structure.
- the first cladding 2 is all-solid.
- each of the two stress applying parts 21, 22 has a cylindrical shape with a circular or a disk cross-section. Let's denote the center 11, respectively 12, of the stress applying part 21, respectively 22. The centers 11 and 12 are aligned along the alignment axis 20 passing through the longitudinal axis 10 of the fiber with an accuracy of a few degrees. The longitudinal axis 10 is perpendicular to the plane of figure 1 . This design forms a polarization-maintaining fiber of the Panda type.
- the SAPs have another shape, such as a sector shape and are placed symmetrically with respect to the core 1, so as to form a polarization-maintaining fiber of bow-tie type.
- the first cladding 2 has a cylindrical shape with a non-circular cross section. More precisely, the first cladding 2 comprises two flat surfaces 4, 14. The flat surface 4 is joined to the other flat surface 14 by two rounded surfaces 5, 15. Generally, each rounded surface 5, 15 has the shape of an arc of circle, or arc of circumference, in the cross-section plane. Each flat surface 4, 14 extends parallel to the longitudinal axis 10 of the fiber and transversely to the alignment axis 20. Preferably, the two flat surfaces 4, 14 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the alignment axis 20.
- the geometry of the glass cladding with the two flat surfaces 4, 14 combined with the two rounded surfaces and the stiffness of the cladding material provide the optical fiber with the property of preferential coiling in a plane transverse to the two flat surfaces 4, 14 and more precisely in a plane comprising the alignment axis 20 of the two stress applying parts 21, 22 and the longitudinal axis 10 of the fiber.
- the radius of curvature of the fiber is transverse to the flat surfaces 4, 14.
- the expression "plane transverse to the flat surfaces” means that the plane is inclined by an angle ⁇ less than 20 degrees, and preferably less than 15 degrees, with respect to the alignment axis 20. More precisely, each turn of the fiber 100 generally lies in a plane forming an angle below 20 degrees with respect to the alignment axis 20.
- the first cladding 2 is made of a silica glass (or quartz glass), for example based on a pure silica (SiO 2 ) matrix.
- the first cladding 2 is made of a non-silicon oxide glass.
- the first cladding 2 is made of a fluoride glass (for example ZBLAN).
- the first cladding 2 is made of a chalcogenide glass, i.e. a glass containing one or more chalcogens such as sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium but excluding oxygen.
- the first cladding 2 is made of phosphate glass.
- the core 1 is made of the same type of glass as the first cladding 2, either based on a silicon oxide glass, a fluoride glass, a chalcogenide glass or a phosphate glass, the core 1 further comprising active dopants.
- the two stress applying parts 21, 22 are made of doped glass bars.
- the two stress applying parts 21, 22 are made of silica glass bars doped with boron trioxide (B 2 O 3 ).
- the stress applying parts 21, 22 are made of glass bars co-doped with aluminium oxide and boron trioxide (Al 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 ) or co-doped with aluminium oxide and phosphorus pentoxide (Al 2 O 3 -P 2 O 5 ) or doped with any combination of dopants suitable for forming a stress applying part having a negative refractive index difference with respect to the first glass of the first cladding 2.
- the refractive index difference between the stress applying parts 21, 22 and the first glass of the cladding 2 is of the order of -10.10 -3 .
- the optical fiber 100 is a polarization-maintaining fiber.
- Figure 2A schematically represents a cut-view of the refractive index profile of an optical fiber according to an example of the present disclosure.
- the core 1 has a flat-top refractive index profile. This fiber is also called a step-index fiber.
- the core 1 has a higher refractive index than the matrix of the first cladding 2.
- the stress applying parts 21, 22 have a lower refractive index than the matrix of the first cladding 2.
- the refractive index difference between the core 1 and the matrix of the first cladding 2 is greater than 5.10 -4 , and generally comprised in a range between 5.10 -4 and 1,10 -3 .
- Such a small refractive index difference requires a tight control of the dopants during the manufacture of the fiber preform.
- This range of refractive index difference enables the core to provide a numerical aperture comprised between 0.038 and 0.054.
- the maximum refractive index difference is on the order of 2x10 -3 .
- Figure 2B schematically represents a cut-view of the refractive index profile of an optical fiber according to another example of the present disclosure.
- the core has a parabolic refractive index profile.
- the first cladding 2 and stress applying parts 21, 22 are similar to the ones illustrated on figure 2A .
- the parabolic profile provides the fundamental mode with a higher immunity toward bending, due to a lesser reduction in the effective mode area.
- the fiber core may comprise a pedestal 6 between the central part of the core 1 and the first cladding 2.
- a pedestal consists of a solid annular region surrounding the central part of the core and having a refractive index lower than the central part of the core 1 and higher than the matrix of the first cladding 2.
- the ratio between the diameter of the pedestal and the core diameter is at least of the order of 2. The pedestal enables to decrease the refractive index difference between the core 1 and first glass of the first cladding 2.
- the first cladding may be uncoated.
- the first cladding is coated with an outer cladding 8 (see figure 8B ).
- the cladding 8 is for example made of low refractive index polymer (as compared to the refractive index of the first cladding 2) so as to form a double clad fiber with a numerical aperture greater than 0.35.
- the outer cladding 8 also has a lower stiffness, or higher modulus of elasticity, than the first cladding 2.
- the outer cladding 8 may have a circular cross-section.
- the first cladding 2 is made of quartz glass having a modulus of elasticity (at 20 °C) of about 7.25x10 4 N/mm 2 .
- the first cladding 2 diameter, denoted 2a, is about 220 ⁇ m and the length C of the flat surfaces is about 80 to 125 ⁇ m.
- the cladding 8 is a low refractive index primary coating made of a polymer.
- the polymer presents a modulus of elasticity (at 20 °C) between 20 N/mm 2 and 500 N/mm 2 .
- the outer cladding 8 thickness is about 50 ⁇ m.
- the polymer is OF-1375-A manufactured by MY Polymers Ltd.
- the stiffness of the first cladding 2 is such that the optical fiber 100 may be bent in a bending plane 30 transverse to the flat surfaces 4, 14 i.e. with an angle ⁇ less than 15 degrees. Since there are only two flat surfaces, parallel to each other, the bending occurs preferably in a plane transverse to the two flat surfaces. Thus, spooling the fiber in the right plane is easy.
- the first cladding 2 is surrounded by a second cladding 3 comprising a matrix made of a second glass whose index is lower than the first glass of the first cladding 2 (see figure 8C ).
- the second cladding 3 can be doped with fluorine to provide a refractive index difference with the first glass up to -26.0x10 -3 so as to form an all-glass double clad fiber.
- the first cladding 2 may have a circular cross-section and the second cladding 3 has the two flat surfaces 4, 14 extending transversely to the alignment axis of the stress applying parts 21, 22. As disclosed in relation with the first embodiment; the two flat surfaces 4, 14 are joined by two rounded surfaces 5, 15.
- the outer cladding 8 is made of high index acrylate coating.
- the second cladding 3 includes an air cladding 7 surrounding the first cladding 2.
- the air cladding 7 is embedded in a solid matrix 13 made of a second glass (see figure 8D ).
- the outer cladding 8 is made of high index acrylate coating.
- the second cladding 3 is made of a second glass whose index is lower than the first cladding 2 ( figure 8C ) or includes an air cladding 7 surrounding the first cladding 2 with the air cladding 7 embedded in a solid matrix 13 made of a second glass ( figure 8D ), an outer cladding 8 made of a thin metal can be applied.
- the outer cladding is made of aluminum, copper or gold, with a maximum thickness of about 15 ⁇ m. Due to the relatively small thickness of the metal cladding relatively to the fiber diameter (about 220 ⁇ m), the stiffness of the second cladding 3 bearing the two flat surfaces 4, 14 is such that the optical fiber 100 may be bent preferably in a bending plane 30 transverse to the flat surfaces 4, 14.
- the fiber may be all-solid (when there is no air cladding) or of the holey fiber type (when there is an air cladding 7 between the first cladding 2 and the solid matrix 13 of the second cladding 3).
- a low index polymer cladding 8 is placed around the second cladding 3.
- the fiber has flat-top refractive index profile as illustrated on figure 2A .
- Figure 4 schematically shows a figure derived from a SEM micrograph of a cross-section of the polarization-maintaining fiber.
- the fiber has a core diameter of about 43,6 ⁇ m and a first cladding diameter (2a) of 246 ⁇ m.
- the length C of the flat surfaces 4, 14 in the cross-section plane is about 110 ⁇ m.
- the refractive index difference between the core and the first glass is about 7,0x10 -4 .
- the stress applying parts 21, 22 are boron doped and have a diameter of 47 ⁇ m.
- the distance between the core center and the center of the stress applying part is about 65 ⁇ m.
- Figure 3 shows measurement of refractive index profile measured at 633 nm for the core and first cladding of this optical fiber.
- the core has a refractive index of about 1.4496 ⁇ 0.0001 and the first glass has a refractive index of about 1.4503 ⁇ 0.0001, thus the refractive index difference between the core and the first glass of the first cladding is about 7x10 -4 .
- this optical fiber When operating at a wavelength of 1064 nm, this optical fiber has a very large mode area (VLMA) of about 790 ⁇ m 2 and a mode field diameter of 31,75 ⁇ m. However, when this fiber is straight, it does not operate as a single-mode fiber.
- VLMA very large mode area
- the guided modes LP 01 and LP 11 can propagate in the core along the straight fiber. Nevertheless, the fiber is birefringent (i.e. at polarization-maintaining) which enables to lift degeneracy of the modes polarized along the x-axis and y-axis of the fiber.
- the LP 01 mode and, respectively, LP 11 mode they are split into LP 01x and LP 01y modes and, respectively, into LP 11xe , LP 11ye , LP 11xo and LP 11yo modes.
- the optical fiber 100 is bent in a bending plane 30 inclined by an angle ⁇ with respect to the alignment axis 20 of the SAPs.
- the trace of the bending plane in the cross-section plane of the fiber is also denoted the curvature axis or bending axis of the fiber coil.
- Figure 5 illustrates the total losses of the guided modes LP 01 and LP 11 for an optical fiber having the numerical features mentioned above and bent with a bending diameter of 18 cm.
- the angle ⁇ is comprised between 40 and 90 degrees, all the modes have losses higher than ⁇ 1 dB/m.
- the fiber operates in a quasi-single mode and single-polarization since the losses both of the higher order modes (HOM, here LP 11 ) and the y-polarized fundamental mode (FM, here LP 01y ) are more than 10 dB/m.
- the losses of the x-polarized fundamental mode (LP 01x ) are too high for a practical use in a fiber amplifier or fiber laser.
- the losses of the LP 01x mode decrease to less than 0.1 dB/m and become negligible when the bending axis is aligned with the alignment axis 20 (in other words, when the angle ⁇ is zero)
- the single-mode operation of the optical fiber is optimal when the angle ⁇ is less than 5 degrees: the losses of the higher order modes (HOM, here LP 11 ) are more than 10 dB/m while the losses of the x-polarized fundamental mode (LP 01x ) are less 0,05 dB/m.
- HOM higher order modes
- Figure 6 illustrates the total losses of the guided modes for a direction of the bending axis along the alignment axis of the SAPs or when the angle ⁇ is zero.
- Figure 7 illustrates the total losses of the guided modes for a direction of the bending axis perpendicular to the alignment axis of the SAPs, i.e. along y direction, or when the angle ⁇ is 90 degrees.
- the bend diameter is preferably higher than 15 cm, and preferably higher than 16 cm.
- the bending diameter is comprised between 16 cm and 19 cm, and preferably between 17 cm and 18 cm.
- the boron doped stress applying parts 21, 22 produce two technical effects when the fiber is bent in a plane inclined by an angle lower than 15 degrees with respect to the alignment axis of the stress applying parts.
- the fundamental mode presents a higher confinement due to the two boron doped stress applying parts.
- the losses of the fundamental mode (LP 01x ) are negligible when the fiber is coiled or bent in a plane parallel to the alignment axis 20.
- a part of the electromagnetic field of the higher order modes extends in the boron doped stress applying parts, which induce high losses.
- the higher order modes do not present the same confinement as the LP 01x fundamental mode.
- the optical fiber of the present disclosure when bent in a plane transverse to the flat surfaces, enables single-mode operation with limited losses (less than 0.5 dB/m) for the fundamental mode.
- a confinement degree refers to a proportion of the mode considered to be contained in a given radius relatively to the center of the fiber, and thus to the center of the core.
- a mode properly confined in the core presents a confinement degree close to 1 or about 100%.
- the orientation of the two flat surfaces 4, 14 induces preferential bending of the fiber with a curvature radius parallel to the alignment axis 20 or x-axis, when the fiber is placed on a plane.
- the fiber is placed between two flat planes and the two ends of the fiber are maintained so that its flat surfaces 4, 14 are oriented perpendicular to the flat planes. Then, when coiling the fiber, the fiber bends naturally so that the alignment axis of the stress applying parts remains parallel to the two flat planes.
- the core diameter is 35 ⁇ m.
- the core is made of a silica matrix doped with ytterbium ions.
- the refractive index difference between core and first glass is about 7.3x10 -4 .
- the first cladding includes two boron doped stress applying parts, each having a diameter of 48 ⁇ m.
- the center-to-center distance between the core and each of the stress applying part is 62.5 ⁇ m.
- the fiber diameter is 220 ⁇ m.
- the length of the flat surfaces in the cross-section plane is 110 ⁇ m.
- the flat surfaces 4, 14 are oriented in a plane transverse to the bending radius of the fiber.
- the bending diameter is between 15 cm and 18 cm.
- the effective area of this fiber is 615 ⁇ m 2 which corresponds to a mode field diameter of 28 ⁇ m.
- the losses for the high order modes are higher than 10 dB/m while the losses for the LP 01x fundamental mode remain lower than 0.1 dB/m.
- the amplifying fiber 100 generates amplified light at a wavelength depending on the doping elements in the core.
- the VLMA single mode amplifying fiber 100 is adapted for amplifying light in the wavelength range from 950 nm to 1150 nm.
- the VLMA single mode amplifying fiber 100 is adapted for amplifying light in the wavelength range from 1530 nm to 1610 nm.
- the VLMA single mode amplifying fiber 100 is adapted for amplifying light in the wavelength range from 1900 nm to 2100 nm.
- the VLMA single mode amplifying fiber 100 is adapted for amplifying light in the wavelength range from 1950 nm to 2160 nm.
- the seed light source and the pump source(s) are adapted accordingly.
- the present disclosure thus proposes a very large mode area polarization-maintaining and amplifying fiber, operating in single-mode regime which provides negligible losses for the fundamental mode.
- the polarization-maintaining fiber is of Panda-type.
- the fiber core is rare earth doped.
- VLMA fiber finds applications in both high power continuous wave or pulse of high peak power fiber amplifiers or fiber lasers while providing strictly single-mode operation.
- the fiber is bent with bending diameter comprised between 10 cm and 30 cm, which enables the use of a fiber having a length comprised between 50 cm and a few meters or tens of meters, while providing a compact footprint with a low loss single-mode regime. Moreover, when the fiber is of the step-index type, it is easy to manufacture at low cost. The fiber is also easy to cleave and splice to another fiber, which enables industrial manufacture of an all-fiber laser system.
- FIG. 9 shows a first example of a fiber amplifier 110 comprising a VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 in a forward pumping configuration.
- the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 consists of an optical fiber according to any of the embodiments disclosed.
- a continuous wave (CW) or pulse laser is used as seed source to be amplified by the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100.
- the output of the light source 9 is spliced to the input signal arm 19 of a double clad pump-signal combiner 26.
- the fiber amplifier 110 comprises one or several pump sources 25 for generating a pump radiation adapted for optically pumping the doping elements of the core so as to amplify the seed signal.
- the pump-signal combiner 26 is connected, on its input side, to the light source 9 and pump(s) 25 and, on its output side, to a first end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100, for example via a section of a passive double clad optical fiber 27.
- the beam combiner 26 combines the seed signal and the pump beam.
- the seed signal is injected into the core 1 of the optical fiber 100 and the pump beam is injected into the glass cladding of the fiber 100.
- Amplified signals are generated at the second end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100.
- Figure 10 shows an alternative embodiment of the fiber amplifier 110 in a backward pumping configuration.
- the seed light source 9 is connected to the first end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 for example using a conventional single-mode fiber splice.
- a pump-signal combiner 26 is connected, on one side, to the second end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 and, on the other side, to the pump(s) 25 and to another fiber splice 24. Amplified pulses are available at the output of the fiber splice 24.
- the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 can also be used in a fiber laser.
- Figure 11 schematically illustrates the structure of a laser fiber 120 based on a fiber 100 according to any of the embodiments disclosed.
- the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 is placed in a cavity formed by two mirrors.
- the cavity is formed by a first fiber Bragg grating 28 placed at the first end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 and a second fiber Bragg grating 29 placed at the second end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100.
- the cavity is formed by bulk dielectric or metallic mirrors and signal injection in the VLAM fiber is achieved in free space.
- the fiber laser using the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 can be arranged in a forward, backward or bidirectional pumping configuration.
- the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100 can also be core-pumped.
- Figure 12 schematically illustrates the structure of a fiber amplifier 130 based on a fiber 100 according to any of the embodiments disclosed wherein the optical fiber 100 is core pumped.
- the output of the seed laser 9 and the single mode output of the pump laser 32 are coupled into the multiplexer 33 respectively to the 30 and 31 input legs of the multiplexer 33.
- the multiplexer output leg 34 is spliced to the input end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100.
- both the seed signal and the single mode pump are injected into the core 1 of the optical fiber 100.
- the optical fiber 100 is a single clad fiber (for example as illustrated on figure 1 , 4 or 8A ). Amplified signals are generated at the second end of the VLMA single-mode amplifying optical fiber 100.
- VLMA single amplifying optical fibers, fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers have been described in detail herein, those skilled in the art will recognize that various substitutions and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure and defined in the appended claims.
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20306434.0A EP4002608A1 (de) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit |
PCT/EP2021/082451 WO2022112152A1 (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2021-11-22 | Very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber and fiber amplifier or laser incorporating the same |
US18/254,108 US20240097396A1 (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2021-11-22 | Very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber and fiber amplifier or laser incorporating the same |
JP2023528951A JP2024501614A (ja) | 2020-11-24 | 2021-11-22 | 超ラージモードエリアシングルモード増幅光ファイバ及びそれを内蔵するファイバ増幅器又はレーザ |
CA3198595A CA3198595A1 (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2021-11-22 | Very large mode area single-mode amplifying optical fiber and fiber amplifier or laser incorporating the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP20306434.0A EP4002608A1 (de) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4002608A1 true EP4002608A1 (de) | 2022-05-25 |
Family
ID=73748010
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20306434.0A Pending EP4002608A1 (de) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20240097396A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4002608A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2024501614A (de) |
CA (1) | CA3198595A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2022112152A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20090262761A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-10-22 | Nufern | Pulsed linearly polarized optical fiber laser using unpolarized q-switched seed laser and having good output power stability |
US20100195194A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2010-08-05 | Corning Incorporated | Large Mode Area Optical Fiber |
US20120219255A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-08-30 | Ofs Fitel, Llc | Connectors for use with polarization-maintaining and multicore optical fiber cables |
-
2020
- 2020-11-24 EP EP20306434.0A patent/EP4002608A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-11-22 JP JP2023528951A patent/JP2024501614A/ja active Pending
- 2021-11-22 WO PCT/EP2021/082451 patent/WO2022112152A1/en active Application Filing
- 2021-11-22 US US18/254,108 patent/US20240097396A1/en active Pending
- 2021-11-22 CA CA3198595A patent/CA3198595A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20100195194A1 (en) * | 2007-07-20 | 2010-08-05 | Corning Incorporated | Large Mode Area Optical Fiber |
US20090262761A1 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-10-22 | Nufern | Pulsed linearly polarized optical fiber laser using unpolarized q-switched seed laser and having good output power stability |
US20120219255A1 (en) * | 2010-03-16 | 2012-08-30 | Ofs Fitel, Llc | Connectors for use with polarization-maintaining and multicore optical fiber cables |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
OPT. LETT., vol. 32, no. 4, 15 February 2007 (2007-02-15), pages 658 - 360 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2024501614A (ja) | 2024-01-15 |
US20240097396A1 (en) | 2024-03-21 |
WO2022112152A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 |
CA3198595A1 (en) | 2022-06-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6306624B2 (ja) | シングルモード動作を維持したままクラッド吸収を増加させたダブルクラッドの利得をもたらすファイバ | |
US9001414B2 (en) | Cladding-pumped optical waveguide | |
US6825974B2 (en) | Linearly polarized fiber amplifier | |
US7570856B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for an erbium-doped fiber for high peak-power applications | |
US7724422B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for providing light having a selected polarization with an optical fiber | |
US20040156606A1 (en) | Fiber for enhanced energy absorption | |
JP2015132841A (ja) | マルチモード・ファイバ | |
EP2703853A1 (de) | Verstärkende Fasern mit erhöhter Mantelabsorption unter Beibehaltung des Einmodenbetriebs | |
US7110647B2 (en) | Multimode polarization maintaining double clad fiber | |
EP1733460A2 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bereitstellung von licht mit selektiver polarisation mit einer optischen faser | |
EP1543593B1 (de) | Polarisationsabhängiger optischer faserverstärker | |
US8837038B2 (en) | Fiber geometrical management for TEM00 mode pulse energy scaling of fiber lasers and amplifiers | |
EP4002608A1 (de) | Optische einmodenverstärkungsfaser mit sehr grosser modenfläche und faserverstärker oder laser damit | |
US20040156607A1 (en) | Multimode polarization maintaining double clad fiber | |
Tankala et al. | PM double-clad fibers for high-power lasers and amplifiers | |
JP6306636B2 (ja) | シングルモード動作を維持したままクラッド吸収を増加させた利得をもたらすファイバ | |
Jeong et al. | Continuous wave single transverse mode laser oscillation in a Nd-doped large core double clad fiber cavity with concatenated adiabatic tapers | |
US20210184418A1 (en) | Manufacturing of optical fibers with symmetry-breaking longitudinal protrusions | |
Kerttula et al. | Fundamental mode evolution in long, large-core (> 100 μm) adiabatic tapers | |
Dong et al. | Robust single-mode operation in 50 µm Ytterbium doped leakage channel fibers |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION HAS BEEN PUBLISHED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20221027 |
|
RBV | Designated contracting states (corrected) |
Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |