EP3995773A1 - Tube de transfert thermique - Google Patents

Tube de transfert thermique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3995773A1
EP3995773A1 EP21207242.5A EP21207242A EP3995773A1 EP 3995773 A1 EP3995773 A1 EP 3995773A1 EP 21207242 A EP21207242 A EP 21207242A EP 3995773 A1 EP3995773 A1 EP 3995773A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
finned tube
enhancement
exterior surface
fin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21207242.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wei Zhang
Lokanath MOHANTA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Carrier Corp
Original Assignee
Carrier Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Carrier Corp filed Critical Carrier Corp
Publication of EP3995773A1 publication Critical patent/EP3995773A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F28F1/26—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely the means being integral with the element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00—Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/02—Making other particular articles heat exchangers or parts thereof, e.g. radiators, condensers fins, headers
    • B21D53/022—Making the fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F25B39/02—Evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
    • F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F13/00—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing
    • F28F13/18—Arrangements for modifying heat-transfer, e.g. increasing, decreasing by applying coatings, e.g. radiation-absorbing, radiation-reflecting; by surface treatment, e.g. polishing
    • F28F13/185—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings
    • F28F13/187—Heat-exchange surfaces provided with microstructures or with porous coatings especially adapted for evaporator surfaces or condenser surfaces, e.g. with nucleation sites
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F2001/428—Particular methods for manufacturing outside or inside fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/10—Secondary fins, e.g. projections or recesses on main fins
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2255/00—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes
    • F28F2255/16—Heat exchanger elements made of materials having special features or resulting from particular manufacturing processes extruded

Definitions

  • the invention relates generally to heat transfer tubes in flooded heat exchangers where nucleate boiling (e.g., on the external surface of the heat transfer tubes) is the dominant mode of heat transfer.
  • the invention relates to the external surface configuration of a heat transfer tube that is used for evaporating a liquid in which the tube in submerged (e.g., either completely or partially).
  • Shell and tube type evaporators are used to transfer heat from one fluid to other in many air conditioning and refrigeration systems.
  • a shell and tube evaporator is a heat exchanger in which multiple tubes are arranged in some patterns within a single shell.
  • a coolant is passed through the multiple parallel tubes arranged along the length of the shell.
  • Refrigerant flows into the shell of the heat exchanger in liquid phase and forms a refrigerant pool in the shell. Due to heat transfer from the tubes, the refrigerant undergoes phase transformation and leaves the shell as a refrigerant vapor.
  • the fluid is cooled by heat transfer through the walls of the tubes.
  • the heat transfer capability of such an evaporator is largely determined by the efficiency of the heat transfer surface of the individual tubes which are customized based on the thermophysical properties of the refrigerant.
  • the external surface enhancement configuration along with internal enhancement of an individual tube determines the overall heat transfer characteristics of the shell and tube heat exchanger.
  • Heat transfer performance of a heat transfer tube can be improved by following methods including (i) increasing the heat transfer surface area of the tube, (ii) promoting nucleate boiling on the surface of the tube that is in contact with the boiling fluid, and (iii) promoting external natural convection at the outer surface of the tube.
  • nucleate boiling process initially, a small quantity of entrapped vapor, embryo bubble, in the nucleation sites grows due to the heat transferred from the heated surface. When the bubble grows, it vaporizes more liquid in contact with the solid surface and also vaporizes at the liquid-vapor interface. Heat from the solid surface and from the surrounding superheated liquid superheats the vapor in a bubble and the bubble grows in size.
  • the nucleate boiling process can be enhanced by configuring the heat transfer surface so that more nucleation sites can be created and sustained on the surface of the tube that provide locations for the entrapment of vapor and promote the bubble nucleation. For example, simply roughening a heat transfer surface will provide more nucleation sites that can improve the heat transfer performance of the surface over a similar smooth surface.
  • nucleation sites of the re-entrant type produce stable bubble columns, good surface heat transfer characteristics and also amount to more surface area.
  • a re-entrant type nucleation site is a surface cavity in which the opening of the cavity is smaller than the subsurface volume of the cavity. An excessive influx of the surrounding liquid can flood a re-entrant type nucleation site and deactivate it.
  • thin film evaporation happens when the film becomes discontinuous. This thin film evaporation contributes to the steady nucleation process.
  • the heat transfer performance of the surface improved.
  • new heat transfer tube configurations that can further improve heat transfer are always welcome.
  • a finned tube including a tube body, and a plurality of adjacent helical fins.
  • the tube body includes an interior surface and an exterior surface.
  • the plurality of adjacent helical fins intermittently protrude circumferentially around the exterior surface of the tube body, at least one channel is disposed between the plurality of adjacent helical fins, each respective helical fin comprising at least one sidewall and a fin top, each channel including at least one channel enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body, each sidewall including at least one sidewall enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body.
  • helical fins per centimeter between thirty-three (33) and seventy (70) per inch) of tube length.
  • a ratio (H f /D o ) of a fin height (H f ) to an outer diameter (D o ) of the tube body is between 0.02 and 0.05.
  • each respective channel enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each respective sidewall enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each fin top includes at least one top enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body.
  • each respective top enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each respective sidewall is devoid of a protruding wing.
  • each respective helical fin is approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical.
  • a finned tube including a tube body and a plurality of adjacent helical fins.
  • the tube body includes an interior surface and an exterior surface.
  • the plurality of adjacent helical fins continuously protrude circumferentially around the exterior surface of the tube body, at least one channel is disposed between the plurality of adjacent helical fins, each respective helical fin comprising at least one sidewall and a fin top, each channel including at least one channel enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body, each sidewall including at least one sidewall enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body.
  • helical fins per centimeter between thirty-three (33) and seventy (70) per inch) of tube length.
  • a ratio (H f /D o ) of a fin height (H f ) to an outer diameter (D o ) of the tube body is between 0.02 and 0.05.
  • each respective channel enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each respective sidewall enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each fin top includes at least one top enhancement impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface of the tube body.
  • each respective top enhancement includes a depth (D e ) between 0.05 and 0.2 of a fin height (H f ).
  • each respective sidewall is devoid of a protruding wing.
  • each respective helical fin is approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical.
  • a finned tube with unique features that enhance its heat transfer capabilities may improve the finned tube's heat transfer capabilities by (i) increasing the heat transfer area of the tube surface (e.g., by incorporating one or more enhancements in at least one of the channels between the fins, the sidewalls of the fins, and the top surface of the fins) and (ii) promoting nucleate boiling on the surface of the tube that is in contact with the boiling fluid (e.g., by creating nucleation sites and reentrant cavities at or near the enhancements that provide locations for the entrapment of vapor and promote the formation of vapor bubbles).
  • the finned tube described herein may be particularly useful in an evaporator (e.g., flooded and/or falling film type evaporators) of a vapor compression system (e.g., which may utilize one or more refrigerant to transfer heat from a working fluid, such as air, water, glycol, etc.).
  • a working fluid such as air, water, glycol, etc.
  • the finned tube described herein may be configured to allow the working fluid to pass through interior of the finned tube with the refrigerant located on the exterior of the finned tube, where heat is transferred from the working fluid to the refrigerant through the body of the finned tube.
  • a plurality of finned tubes may be mounted in parallel and connected together to form a tube bundle within the evaporator.
  • This tube bundle is typically is immersed (e.g., either completely or partially) in the refrigerant pool. It is envisioned that by utilizing the finned tube described herein the heat transfer characteristics of the evaporator may be improved.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic illustration of the manufacture of an exemplary finned tube 100 using an exemplary tool arbor containing a plurality of finning disks 63, a channel marking disk 68, a flattening disk 67, and a notching disk 66 is shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the finning disks 63, the channel marking disk 68, the flattening disk 67, and the notching disk 66 may be collectively referred to as the tool gang 62.
  • the tube 100 may be viewed to include a tube body 110 with an exterior surface 111 and an interior surface 110.
  • the finned tube 100 (e.g., as a results of the tool gang 62) includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 protruding (e.g., intermittently or continuously) circumferentially around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • At least one channel 130 may be disposed between the plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., to separate the different rows R f (shown in FIGs. 7 and 8 ) of fins 120 from one another. It should be appreciated that each channel 130 may be viewed as a void between adjacent helical fins 120. As shown in FIGs.
  • each respective helical fin 120 may be viewed to include at least one sidewall 122 and a fin top 121.
  • Each channel 130 may include at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110 (e.g., by the channel marking disk 68). This placement of the channel enhancements 131 at intervals may enhance the heat transfer characteristics of the finned tube 100. These intervals may be generated by spacing of the surface features 70 (shown in FIGs. 2-5 ) on the channel marking disk 68.
  • the finned tube 100 described herein may be readily manufactured by a rolling process. This rolling process is illustrated in FIG. 1 .
  • the finning machine 60 may operate on a tube 10, made of a malleable metal such as copper or aluminum, to produce both interior ribs and exterior fins 120 on the tube 10.
  • the finned tube 100 described herein may, in certain instances, be viewed to be manufactured in a rolling process where the fins 120 are created through extrusion of the metal (e.g., copper or aluminum), instead of using an applied process where the fins are applied by winding an independent metal around the tube.
  • the finning machine 60 may include one or more tool arbors 61, each containing one or more tool gangs 62.
  • the mandrel shaft 65 extending into the tube 100 is the mandrel shaft 65 to which the mandrel 64 is attached.
  • the tube body 110 is pressed between the mandrel 64 and the finning disks 63 as the tube 100 rotates.
  • the metal, of which the tube 100 is made of flows into the grooves between the finning disks 63, which forms the beginnings of the fins 120 (and the channels 130 therebetween, as shown in FIG. 2 ) on the exterior surface 111 of the tube 100.
  • the tube 100 continues to rotate the tube 100 advances between the mandrel 64 and the tool gang 62 (from left to right in FIG. 1 ) resulting in a number of rows R f of helical fins being formed on the tube 100.
  • FIGs. 2-5 may be viewed as cross-sectional side views of rows R f of helical fins (e.g., where each fin 120 represents a different row R f ). It should be appreciated that the number of rows R f generated may be a function of the number of finning disks 63 on the tool arbor 61 in use on the finning machine 60.
  • a channel marking disk 68 which includes one or more surface features 70 (e.g., which may be configured as a star, rectangle, square, triangle, star, etc.), may be used to impress radially into and transversely through within the channels 130 so as to form the channel enhancements 131.
  • the intervals at which the channel enhancements 131 are spaced within the channel 130 may be a function of the spacing of the surface features 70 on the channel marking disk 68. It is envisioned that all embodiments, as described below, include at least one channel enhancement 131 in each channel 130 (defined between adjacent helical fins 120).
  • This channel enhancement 131 may contribute to the improved heat transfer characteristics of the finned tube 100 described herein.
  • a flatting disk 67 may be used to flatten and spread the distal tips of the fins 120 (e.g., thereby closing the gaps 180 (shown in FIGs. 7 and 8 ), at least partially, between adjacent rows R f of fins 120.
  • a notching disk 66 may be used to generate at least one top enhancement 124 (shown in FIGs. 2-5 ) on the fins 120.
  • notching disk 66 may be omitted or removed from the finning machine 60 when the finned tube 100 does not include top enhancements 124.
  • the notching disk may be combined with the flattening disk 67 in certain instances.
  • the mandrel 64 may be configured in such a way that it will impress some type of pattern into the interior surface 112 of the tube body 110.
  • a typical pattern is of one or more helical rib convolutions, which can improve the efficiency of the heat transfer between the fluid flowing through the tube 100 and the tube body 110. It should be appreciated that any pattern, or no pattern at all, may be impressed by the mandrel 64 for the finned tube 100 described herein.
  • the finned tube 100 described herein may be configured in various manners.
  • the finned tube 100 may include top enhancements 124, which may be absent in other embodiments. It should be appreciated that the various enhancements may be completed by modifying the finning machine 60.
  • the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 protruding (e.g., either intermittently or continuously) circumferentially around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110, where each channel 130 (e.g., disposed between adjacent fins 120) includes at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals (e.g., as compared to continuous, uninterrupted enhancements) around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a magnified cross-sectional side view of a portion of a first embodiment of a finned tube 100.
  • the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., separated by a channel 130 with at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110).
  • channel enhancement 131 is depicted as a cross, any suitable configuration (e.g., such as a rectangle, square, triangle, star, etc.) may be utilized.
  • the finned tube 100 may further include a top enhancement 124 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the notching disk 66) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • each respective enhancement 131, 124 regardless of specific configuration or where located (e.g., in the channel 130 or in the fin top 121), may have a certain depth D e , which may be defined in terms of the fin height H f .
  • the depth D e of the enhancement 131, 124 is between 0.05 and 0.2 of the fin height H f in certain instances.
  • each fin 120 may be designed to have a certain fin height H f , which may be defined (e.g., as a ratio H f /D o ) in terms of the outer diameter D o of the tube body 110 (shown in FIG. 1 ). This ratio H f /D o may be between 0.02 and 0.05 in certain instances.
  • H f the finned tube 100
  • each respective helical fin 120 may be approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical (e.g., along the vertical plane) and devoid of a protruding wing 141 (shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a magnified cross-sectional side view of a portion of a second embodiment of a finned tube 100. As shown, similar to the first embodiment (shown in
  • this embodiment of the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., separated by a channel 130 with at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110).
  • channel enhancement 131 is depicted as a cross, any suitable configuration (e.g., such as a rectangle, square, triangle, star, etc.) may be utilized. In this embodiment, as with the first embodiment (shown in FIG.
  • the finned tube 100 may further include a top enhancement 124 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the notching disk 66) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • the finned tube 100 may further include at least one sidewall enhancement 123 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the sidewall marking disk 69, which may be included in the finning machine 60) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110. These intervals may be generated by spacing of the surface features 71 (shown in FIGs. 3-5 ) on the sidewall marking disk 69.
  • the sidewall enhancement 123 may be in any suitable configuration (e.g., rectangle, square, triangle, hatching, etc.). It is envisioned that each respective enhancement 131, 124, 123 regardless of specific configuration or where located (e.g., in the channel 130, in the fin top 121, or in the sidewall 122), may have a certain depth D e , which may be defined in terms of the fin height H f . The depth D e of the channel enhancement 131, 124, 123 is between 0.05 and 0.2 of the fin height H f in certain instances.
  • each fin 120 may be designed to have a certain fin height H f , which may be defined (e.g., as a ratio H f /D o ) in terms of the outer diameter D o of the tube body 110 (shown in FIG. 1 ). This ratio H f /D o may be between 0.02 and 0.05 in certain instances.
  • H f the finned tube 100, as shown in FIG. 3 , may be designed with manufacturability in mind.
  • each respective helical fin 120 may be approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical (e.g., along the vertical plane) and devoid of a protruding wing 141 (shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • FIG. 4 illustrates a magnified cross-sectional side view of a portion of a third embodiment of a finned tube 100.
  • this embodiment of the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., separated by a channel 130 with at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110).
  • channel enhancement 131 is depicted as a cross, any suitable configuration (e.g., such as a rectangle, square, triangle, star, etc.) may be utilized.
  • the finned tube 100 may further include a top enhancement 124 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the notching disk 66) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • the finned tube 100 may further include at least one sidewall enhancement 123 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the sidewall marking disk 69) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • a single sidewall 122 may include multiple sidewall enhancements 123.
  • each sidewall enhancement 123 may be in any suitable configuration (e.g., rectangle, square, triangle, hatching, etc.). It is envisioned that each respective enhancement 131, 124, 123 regardless of specific configuration or where located (e.g., in the channel 130, in the fin top 121, or in the sidewall 122), may have a certain depth D e , which may be defined in terms of the fin height H f .
  • the depth D e of the channel enhancement 131, 124, 123 is between 0.05 and 0.2 of the fin height H f in certain instances.
  • each fin 120 may be designed to have a certain fin height H f , which may be defined (e.g., as a ratio H f /D o ) in terms of the outer diameter D o of the tube body 110 (shown in FIG. 1 ). This ratio H f /D o may be between 0.02 and 0.05 in certain instances.
  • H f the finned tube 100
  • each respective helical fin 120 may be approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical (e.g., along the vertical plane) and devoid of a protruding wing 141 (shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • FIG. 5 illustrates a magnified cross-sectional side view of a portion of a fourth embodiment of a finned tube 100.
  • this embodiment of the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., separated by a channel 130 with at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110).
  • the channel enhancement 131 is depicted as a triangle, which, as shown, may be formed alongside the sidewall enhancements 123 (which, as shown, may have the same triangular configuration) using a plurality of unitary enhancement disks 80 (which may be included in the finning machine 60).
  • the unitary enhancement disks 80 may serve the combined functions of the finning disks 63 (by extruding the metal away from the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110), the channel marking disk 68 (by impressing the channel enhancements 131 in the channels 130), and the sidewall marking disk 69 (by impressing the sidewall enhancements 123 in the sidewalls 122).
  • the finned tube 100 may further include a top enhancement 124 impressed radially into and transversely through (e.g., with the notching disk 66) at intervals around the circumference of the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • each respective enhancement 131, 124, 123 regardless of specific configuration or where located (e.g., in the channel 130, in the fin top 121, or in the sidewall 122) or how formed (e.g., whether through individual disks or a unitary enhancement disk 80, may have a certain depth D e , which may be defined in terms of the fin height H f .
  • the depth D e of the channel enhancement 131, 124, 123 is between 0.05 and 0.2 of the fin height H f in certain instances.
  • each fin 120 may be designed to have a certain fin height H f , which may be defined (e.g., as a ratio H f /D o ) in terms of the outer diameter D o of the tube body 110 (shown in FIG. 1 ). This ratio H f /D o may be between 0.02 and 0.05 in certain instances.
  • H f the finned tube 100
  • each respective helical fin 120 may be approximately cross-sectionally symmetrical (e.g., along the vertical plane) and devoid of a protruding wing 141 (shown in FIG. 6 ).
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a magnified cross-sectional side view of a portion of a fifth embodiment of a finned tube 100.
  • this embodiment of the finned tube 100 includes a plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 (e.g., separated by a channel 130 with at least one channel enhancement 131 impressed radially into and transversely through at intervals around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110).
  • the helical fins 120 are not symmetrical (e.g., along the vertical plane), the sidewalls 122 include protruding wings 140, and the fin tops 121 do not include enhancements.
  • the lack of symmetry may be created by the configuration of the sidewall enhancements 123 shown in FIG. 6 , which may be viewed as non-uniformly distributed in the cross-section of the fin 120.
  • This non-uniform distribution of the sidewall enhancement 123 may be created during manufacture. For example, as the tube 100 is rotated and advanced, the notching disk 66 with oblique notches and the flattening disk 67 may cause the top of the fin 120 to twist slightly from the base (from the exterior surface 111) to its tip (toward the fin top 121) such that the sidewall enhancement 123 has a twisted, non-uniform asymmetrical configuration.
  • material while creating a notch, material will be pushed down in a perpendicular to the channel length 130 forming the wings 140.
  • each of the above-described embodiments (shown in FIGs. 2-6 ) of the finned tube 100 may have a certain designed density of the helical fins 120 (e.g., which, as mentioned above, may be viewed in terms of number of fins 120 per tube 100 length).
  • the finned tube 100 may have between thirteen (13) and twenty-eight (28) helical fins 120 per centimeter (between thirty-three (33) and seventy (70) helical fins 120 per inch) of tube length. It is envisioned that this density in combination with the specific enhancements may contribute to the improved heat transfer characteristics of the finned tube 100 described herein.
  • each of the above-described embodiments (shown in FIGs. 2-6 ) of the finned tube 100 may be configured with the plurality of adjacent helical fins 120 being either intermittently (as shown in FIG. 7 ) or continuously (as shown in FIG. 8 ) protruding circumferentially around the exterior surface 111 of the tube body 110.
  • each fin 120 within each respective row R f may be separated by a void 170 (i.e., a space).
  • This void 170 may be generated by the finning machine 60 by intermittently pressing in between the fins 120 (e.g., after the fins 120 are extruded by the finning disk 63).
  • each fin 120 within each respective row R f may not be separated (i.e., there is no void 170 generated by the finning machine 60).
  • the finned tube 100 includes openings 180 (i.e., spaces) at the upper end of the fins 120 (e.g., between each respective helical fin 120) so as to allow refrigerant vapor to rise through the fin 120 and liquid refrigerant to go to the inner wall either in one opening 180 or alternative openings.
  • these openings 180 may be viewed to align with the respective fin 120 columns C f , which are configured in a helical fashion.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP21207242.5A 2020-11-09 2021-11-09 Tube de transfert thermique Pending EP3995773A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US202063198724P 2020-11-09 2020-11-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3995773A1 true EP3995773A1 (fr) 2022-05-11

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ID=78592655

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21207242.5A Pending EP3995773A1 (fr) 2020-11-09 2021-11-09 Tube de transfert thermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20220146214A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3995773A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114459271A (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4796693A (en) * 1985-10-31 1989-01-10 Wieland-Werke Ag Finned tube with indented groove base and method of forming same
US5775411A (en) * 1994-02-11 1998-07-07 Wieland-Werke Ag Heat-exchanger tube for condensing of vapor
US20030024121A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2003-02-06 Wieland-Werke Ag. Method of fabricating a heat exchanger tube
EP2917675B1 (fr) * 2012-11-12 2019-05-01 Wieland-Werke AG Tube de transfert de chaleur par évaporation

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100547339C (zh) * 2008-03-12 2009-10-07 江苏萃隆精密铜管股份有限公司 一种强化传热管及其制作方法
CN102130622A (zh) * 2011-04-07 2011-07-20 上海威特力焊接设备制造股份有限公司 一种高效率光伏逆变器
DE102011121733A1 (de) * 2011-12-21 2013-06-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Verdampferrohr mit optimierter Außenstruktur

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4796693A (en) * 1985-10-31 1989-01-10 Wieland-Werke Ag Finned tube with indented groove base and method of forming same
US5775411A (en) * 1994-02-11 1998-07-07 Wieland-Werke Ag Heat-exchanger tube for condensing of vapor
US20030024121A1 (en) * 2001-01-16 2003-02-06 Wieland-Werke Ag. Method of fabricating a heat exchanger tube
EP2917675B1 (fr) * 2012-11-12 2019-05-01 Wieland-Werke AG Tube de transfert de chaleur par évaporation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20220146214A1 (en) 2022-05-12
CN114459271A (zh) 2022-05-10

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