EP3972748A1 - Method for treating food waste and for extracting the heat associated with this treatment - Google Patents
Method for treating food waste and for extracting the heat associated with this treatmentInfo
- Publication number
- EP3972748A1 EP3972748A1 EP20725573.8A EP20725573A EP3972748A1 EP 3972748 A1 EP3972748 A1 EP 3972748A1 EP 20725573 A EP20725573 A EP 20725573A EP 3972748 A1 EP3972748 A1 EP 3972748A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- packing
- waste
- aqueous suspension
- lining
- biodegradation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
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- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 40
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- 238000010908 decantation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 21
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
- B09B3/65—Anaerobic treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
- C02F3/101—Arranged-type packing, e.g. stacks, arrays
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/40—Treatment of liquids or slurries
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/50—Treatments combining two or more different biological or biochemical treatments, e.g. anaerobic and aerobic treatment or vermicomposting and aerobic treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/60—Heating or cooling during the treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
- C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
- C05F17/95—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially vertically between inlet and discharge means
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/02—Temperature
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Definitions
- the invention belongs to the field of waste treatment, and in particular to the field of treatment of household waste, more particularly food.
- the present invention relates to a process for processing food waste and extracting the heat associated with this treatment and to a device for implementing the process according to the invention.
- the food waste produced has high biodegradability and high humidity. They may contain microorganisms, some of which are pathogenic. They can also be the site of the development of flies, attract pests such as rats and are often vectors of foul odors.
- the invention thus relates to a waste treatment process comprising the steps of:
- the waste undergoes aerobic biodegradation within the packing, at a temperature ranging from 30 to 70 ° C, preferably 40 to 50 ° C.
- the term “waste treatment” is understood to mean aerobic biodegradation, optionally supplemented by anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation, of crushed waste in suspension and / or dissolved in water.
- the wastes include biodegradable organic material.
- the waste is food waste.
- biodegradation is understood to mean the consumption, for metabolic purposes, of organic materials by microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi or algae.
- the aqueous suspension comprises crushed and / or dissolved waste.
- the waste comprises organic matter and is preferably food waste.
- the concentration of waste in the suspension can vary. It does not generally exceed 100 g DM / L (in grams of dry matter per liter, g DM / L) under penalty of compromising its pumpability as well as its homogeneous distribution on the surface of the packing and causing a rapid clogging of the lining surface.
- the suspension consists mainly of water, organic matter and possibly microorganisms.
- feed means the introduction of the aqueous suspension comprising crushed and / or dissolved waste or its formation within a reactor or any type of suitable container from which it can then be dispersed over the filling.
- the feed is homogeneous over time, that is to say that the dry matter (DM) is preferably distributed homogeneously in the solution at the risk of sudden additions of DM to the packing, which could lead to surface clogging.
- This homogeneity over time can also be facilitated by setting up stirring of the solution in the suitable container (ie a receptacle tank) to avoid settling of the MS there while the element ensuring the dispersion / redispersion (ie a pump) is running (stopping the agitation could stop the dispersion / redispersion of the suspension on the packing).
- the suitable container ie a receptacle tank
- the element ensuring the dispersion / redispersion ie a pump
- the method according to the invention can further comprise a step of stirring the aqueous suspension comprising crushed and / or dissolved waste.
- the supply can be done via the filling of a receptacle vessel with the aqueous suspension comprising crushed and / or dissolved waste.
- the aqueous suspension can also be formed directly inside the tank.
- the feed consists of filling the tank with a certain quantity of water, then introducing the crushed or unground food waste therein, the waste then being crushed directly in the tank.
- the dispersion of the suspension on the lining must be stopped as long as the waste is not crushed in order to avoid clogging the pipes. (pieces of waste in suspension), to block the pump (pieces of waste in suspension), to seal the surface of the packing by distributing a non-homogeneous solution in MS.
- the waste is ground upstream of the feed.
- the term "dispersion” means a homogeneous distribution of the aqueous suspension comprising the crushed and / or dissolved waste on the lining so as to guarantee the maximum efficiency of the aerobic biodegradation occurring within the lining.
- the dispersion can be carried out by a fixed network of pipes or a motorized and / or mobile distributor discharging the solution uniformly over the entire lining surface.
- liquid effluent is understood to mean the aqueous suspension leaving the packing which has undergone partial or total aerobic biodegradation.
- the inert material and / or sludge of the liquid effluent leaving the packing can be extracted before the liquid effluent leaving the packing is redispersed on the packing.
- the MS concentration in the aqueous suspension is measured regularly during the implementation of the process and when the latter stops decreasing over time, step 2) of extraction of the process according to the invention is carried out. implemented.
- step 2) of the process is implemented, the feed, agitation,
- the extraction can be carried out via any compatible extraction means and can be adapted according to the type of waste, inert material and / or sludge.
- the inert material and / or sludge can be filtered, removed by decantation optionally preceded by coagulation-flocculation.
- the step of extracting the inert material and / or sludge can be carried out directly in the receptacle tank via a settling tank or any other external element.
- the extraction can be carried out before, simultaneously or after the cooling of the liquid effluent leaving the packing.
- inert material means any material, non-biodegradable, which cannot be degraded by microorganisms.
- food waste generally consists of biodegradable organic material but may include a certain amount of material which will not be degraded by microorganisms. They can be minerals and trace elements (salts, bone fragments or shellfish, etc.), organic matter that is not biodegradable over the duration of the treatment, such as lignin (seeds, etc.), but also any packaging residues, bones or shellfish that would have gone beyond the prior sorting.
- sludge is understood to mean the mixture of inert material, stabilized organic material and microorganisms formed during the treatment.
- the method according to the invention is implemented in a closed circuit.
- the term “closed circuit” is understood to mean that the process does not include an additional water supply step, apart from that initially included in the aqueous suspension comprising waste or in the receptacle vessel and in the waste possibly added during the setting. implementation of the process.
- all of the liquid effluent from the packing is completely redispersed on the packing.
- the liquid effluent from the packing is recovered in the receptacle tank to be then redispersed on the packing.
- the method according to the invention is implemented in continuous operation.
- continuous operation is meant that crushed waste is added regularly (generally one or more times per day) in the aqueous suspension, during the implementation of the process, as the aerobic biodegradation eliminates waste.
- the method according to the invention can further comprise a step of natural or forced ventilation of the lining, preferably by forced circulation of an air flow in the lining.
- the forced circulation of an air flow in the lining makes it possible, when natural ventilation does not guarantee good aeration of the lining, to promote aerobic biodegradation.
- the aeration can also make it possible to control the temperature within the lining, the circulating air being able to serve for example to lower the temperature.
- the forced air circulation is preferably done by means of a compressor or a fan.
- the forced air circulation is preferably in the opposite direction of circulation to that of the aqueous suspension in the packing, that is to say that the air preferably circulates from the base to the head of the packing.
- the temperature of the injected air is generally at ambient temperature, that is to say a temperature generally between 10 and 20 ° C. Depending on the season and the environment in which the process is implemented, this temperature may be lower or higher. Preferably, the air temperature is within a range of 15 to 25 ° C.
- the calories extracted in step 3) of the process can be used to increase the temperature of the injected air, for example by direct recovery of the calories from the liquid effluents and / or gaseous from the packing (for example directly in a heat exchanger) or via a heat transfer fluid.
- the method according to the invention can further comprise a step of using the calories extracted in step 3) to control the temperature of the aerobic biodegradation step and / or of the anaerobic biodegradation step .
- the waste or the aqueous suspension comprising the ground and / or dissolved waste comprises sufficient aerobic microorganisms for aerobic biodegradation to take place.
- the composition of the food waste or the aqueous suspension comprising the crushed and / or dissolved waste would not make it possible to ensure sufficient aerobic biodegradation, it is possible to enrich the medium (aqueous suspension or part of the device) with microorganisms useful for the biodegradation of waste.
- anobic microorganism means a microorganism which can only live in the presence of strict oxygen or whose
- oxygen which is then qualified as optional aerobic. It can be bacteria or fungi.
- the microorganisms involved in aerobic biodegradation are essentially bacteria (i.e. phyla: Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Deinococcus-Thermus) and
- fungi i.e. phyla: Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota, Oomycota, Deuteromycota, Chytridiomycota).
- the aqueous suspension comprising crushed and / or dissolved waste can be obtained by grinding, more or less fine, the waste, followed by their dissolution.
- the suspension obtained can then be dispersed on the lining, in accordance with step 1) of the method according to the invention.
- the method according to the invention can further comprise the steps:
- the insufficiently ground solid particles extracted can then be ground again and then put into solution.
- the diameter of the particles of the ground material can easily be adapted by a person skilled in the art depending on the type of packing, in particular depending on its porosity.
- the diameter of the particles of the ground material is less than 3 mm.
- any type of packing can be used in the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- any type of packing can be used in the implementation of the method according to the invention.
- “Packing” means an assembly, in bulk or in structure, for example in a column, which makes it possible to increase the contact surface between the liquid phase and the gas phase, thus improving the exchanges between the phases for a given column volume.
- the porosity of the lining may be a function of the flow rate and of the concentration of dry matter in the suspension.
- the mixture of different structuring materials makes it possible to more easily adjust the porosity and the exchange surface of the lining.
- the filling can be a natural and / or synthetic filling.
- the filling is preferably chosen from the group comprising natural inorganic or organic materials and synthetic materials or a mixture of these.
- the filling can for example be composed of pozzolana, gravel, clay balls, glass, peat, wood (for example chips), coconut fiber, plastics (for example PVC), metal, glass or ceramics, loose or structured, or a mixture of these materials.
- the method according to the invention can further comprise a step of anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation.
- at least part of the liquid effluent leaving the packing can undergo an anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation step before being redispersed at the top of the packing.
- the anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation step can be implemented in a tank isolated from the lining, and in particular from any natural or forced air flow, said tank which may be identical or different from the receptacle vessel used for re-feeding and recovery of liquid effluent leaving the packing.
- the method may further comprise a step of inoculation (ie of the tank isolated from the lining or from another element) with microorganisms promoting anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation.
- the cooling of the liquid and / or gaseous effluents leaving the packing can be carried out by conduction and / or condensation.
- the biodegradation reaction taking place within the packing may cause the temperature within the packing to increase.
- the gaseous effluent can have a temperature of 30 to 70 ° C and contain a relatively high amount of water vapor.
- the gaseous effluent thus comprises water vapor from heating the medium (suspension and packing), that is to say water from the aqueous suspension, the temperature of which increases during the implementation of the process. , water contained in the waste itself but also water resulting from biodegradation itself.
- the cooling of the gaseous effluent helps reduce water loss when gases escape into the atmosphere.
- cooling the off-gas will lower its temperature by about 10 to 20 ° C.
- Cooling the liquid effluent can also limit / control the temperature of aerobic biodegradation.
- the liquid effluent can have a temperature ranging from 10 to 50 ° C.
- cooling the liquid effluent lowers its temperature by about 10 to 20 ° C.
- the cooling of the liquid effluent can thus make it possible to redisperse on the packing an aqueous suspension, the temperature of which does not exceed 50 ° C on the packing in order to avoid any phenomenon of runaway and uncontrolled rise in temperature within of the filling.
- those skilled in the art will know how to adapt the cooling of the liquid and / or gaseous effluent so as to maintain an optimum temperature for biodegradation in the packing.
- the cooling of the liquid and / or gaseous effluents leaving the lining makes it possible to extract calories.
- the calories extracted are then transferred, preferably to a heat transfer fluid, in order to be valued.
- the calories extracted can for example be used to heat a room close to the place of implementation of the process, to produce domestic hot water or even for the benefit of material drying, or else used in winter, to heat the flow. air circulating in the packing, the packing itself or even the receptacle tank.
- the process of the invention makes it possible to recover at least 20% of the quantity of calories theoretically recoverable, preferably more than 40%.
- Another object of the invention relates to a device for implementing the method according to the invention, comprising:
- a lining support comprising a lining
- connection means a direct or indirect connection between two elements of the device.
- the supply means represents any element making it possible to introduce the waste, crushed or not, in aqueous suspension or not, into the device according to the invention with a view to their treatment.
- the supply means may be located at the level of the tank or else be the tank itself, at the packing head or upstream of the grinding means.
- the supply of aqueous suspension can take place via the receptacle tank. It can be a tank whose contents are agitated (axial agitation) and of sufficient useful volume to allow an increase in its volume following an increase in dry matter of the solution or a deficit of evaporation. The aqueous suspension is thus dispersed on the lining from the receptacle tank thanks to the recirculation loop.
- the liquid effluent from the packing is stored in the receptacle tank and redispersed at the head of the packing via the recirculation loop.
- the feed can also be carried out directly at the packing head, via an element separate from the recirculation loop.
- the tank can be connected to the packing via the recirculation loop and the means of dispersion / redispersion.
- the receptacle tank 4 is connected to the head 11 of the packing via the recirculation loop 2 and / or the dispersion / redispersion means 3.
- the receptacle tank thus makes it possible to store the aqueous suspension before its dispersion on the packing. and then recovering the liquid effluent leaving the lining, before the latter is redispersed on the lining.
- the receptacle vessel 4 can comprise a means of agitation 41, preferably a mechanical agitator.
- the dispersion means represents any element allowing the homogeneous distribution of the aqueous suspension on the lining. It may be a fixed network of pipelines or a motorized and / or mobile distributor (distributor in translation or in rotation if parallelepipedic or cylindrical tank), the movement allowing the distribution points to be moved uniformly over any the surface of the lining. Preferably, it is a motorized and / or mobile distributor.
- packing support is understood to mean any structure or element comprising the lining. It may for example be any suitable container, for example a packing column. Depending on the volumes of aqueous suspension to be treated, the dimensions of the packing column can be larger or smaller. Typically, for the treatment of an amount ranging from about 4 to 7.5 tonnes of waste per year, the dimensions of the (cylindrical) packing column are adapted to receive a volume of about 1 m 3 of packing.
- the lining generally rests on a support grid fixed to the base of the lining support in which the lining is located.
- the material constituting the lining support has a low thermal conductivity or the lining support comprises an insulation and can thus be thermally isolated from the external environment.
- the support can be made of plastic (minimum conductivity of the order of 0.15 W / m / ° K) and / or of metal (minimum conductivity of the order of 14 W / m / ° K for the 'stainless steel or stainless steel) and may include a polyurethane type insulator (minimum conductivity of the order of 0.026 W / m / ° K).
- the base 12 of the lining is connected to the tank 4.
- the lining is generally traversed, for example from bottom to top, by a gas flow, for example air, containing oxygen used by microorganisms for aerobic biodegradation.
- a gas flow for example air
- oxygen used by microorganisms for aerobic biodegradation organic matter biodegradable is oxidized in the major forms of CO2 and H2O.
- the carbon dioxide and the water are evacuated via the gas flow leaving the packing head towards the cooling means, in contact with which the water vapor is condensed and then trickles into the packing, thus preventing the DM concentration of the suspension exceeds the clogging threshold (generally above 100 g / L), and in certain cases the drying out of the biofilter.
- the biodegradation activity results in the production of heat generating heating of the packing and of the solution.
- the liquid effluent flows into the receptacle tank.
- the ventilation means represent any element allowing air circulation in the lining. This could be a fan, a compressor, or a simple opening allowing air to flow through the packing.
- the ventilation means 9 is connected to the base 12 of the lining.
- the recirculation loop connects the tank to the head of the packing.
- the recirculation loop can include pumping means.
- the pumping means can be any element such as a centrifugal or peristaltic pump making it possible to circulate the aqueous suspension from the tank to the dispersion and / or redispersion means.
- the recirculation loop 2 optionally comprising a pumping means 21, connects the tank 4 and the head 11 of the packing, allowing at least part of the liquid effluent from the packing to be reinjected at the head of the packing .
- the means of dispersion and redispersion are identical or different, preferably identical.
- the dispersion / redispersion means 3 is connected to the pump and to the packing head 11, making it possible to homogeneously disperse the aqueous suspension on the packing.
- the extraction means can be a simple settling tank.
- Settling will be favored by intermittent stopping of the agitation and the supply of the packing when the DM concentration of the aqueous suspension will no longer allow the supply of the quantity of waste for which the device for implementing the process has been used.
- Settling can possibly be favored by adding flocculants in the receptacle tank, the latter allowing the formation of flocs (the settling speed of which is greater than the non-flocculated materials).
- the extraction means 5 can be connected or integrated into the receptacle vessel 4.
- the cooling means can be any type
- the cooling means at the packing head may be a liquid / gas heat exchanger preferably operating by condensation.
- they may be tube or plate exchangers.
- the cooling means at the base of the packing may be a liquid / liquid heat exchanger preferably operating by conduction.
- they may be tube or plate exchangers.
- the heat exchanger can be positioned upstream (packing head) and / or downstream (packing base or in the receptacle vessel) of the packing. When a heat exchanger is positioned upstream of the packing, it cools the gaseous effluent from the packing. The cooling of the gaseous effluent allows condensation of the water vapor contained in the gaseous effluent.
- This condensation makes it possible to avoid water losses and thus to limit the increase in dry matter of the solution which would result in clogging of the packing.
- a heat exchanger When a heat exchanger is positioned downstream of the packing, it cools the liquid effluent from the packing, before it is redispersed. Lowering the temperature of the liquid effluent can also make it possible to reduce losses by evaporation by lowering the temperature of the upper part of the packing (during redispersion in particular).
- the calories extracted during the cooling of the liquid and / or gaseous effluents from the packing can be transferred to a heat transfer fluid or any other storage element.
- the gaseous effluent from biodegradation consists of a mixture of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and other gases from biodegradation. It generally contains less oxygen and more carbon dioxide than incoming air, water vapor, and other gases from biodegradation.
- the gaseous effluent escapes through the head of the packing and circulates in the cooling means in which the water vapor is recondensed to then run off again in the packing, or else directly into the receptacle vessel via a pipe connected to the support filling.
- the at least one cooling means 7,8 is connected to the head 11, to the support 13 and / or to the base 12 of the lining.
- the device further comprises an element for filtering the outgoing gases, in particular for deodorizing the outgoing gas, for example by biofiltration.
- the element for filtering the outgoing gases is connected to the cooling means 7, preferably downstream thereof with respect to the direction of flow of the gases.
- the device according to the invention further comprises a grinding means.
- the grinding means may for example be a grinder of the meat grinder type, namely a screw driving the waste and compressing it against a calibration grid, said grid being preceded by a knife, the driving speed of the screw and of the knife and the mesh size of the grid setting the level of waste grinding.
- the grinding means 6 can be connected to or integrated with the tank 4.
- the waste can thus be crushed before their suspension in the tank or even crushed within the tank, preferably before their setting. suspension in the tank.
- the invention also relates to the use of the device according to the invention for treating waste, preferably food, comprising organic material and capable of undergoing aerobic, at least partial biodegradation.
- FIG. 1 represents an example of a device 100 for implementing the method according to the invention comprising an inlet E for supplying waste, an outlet S for gases, a lining 1 comprising a head 11 and a base 12 of packing, a packing support 13, a recirculation loop 2 (comprising a pump 21), a distributor 3 of the aqueous suspension at the top 11 of the packing, a receptacle tank 4 comprising an agitator 41, a settling tank 5, a mill 6, a condensation heat exchanger 7, a conduction heat exchanger 8 and a fan 9 (or compressor).
- a receptacle tank 4 comprising an agitator 41, a settling tank 5, a mill 6, a condensation heat exchanger 7, a conduction heat exchanger 8 and a fan 9 (or compressor).
- FIG. 2 represents a device 101 for implementing the method according to the invention comprising a step of anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation comprising an inlet E for supplying waste, an outlet S for gases, a packing 1 comprising a head 11 and a packing base 12, a packing support 13, a recirculation loop 2 (comprising a pump 21), a distributor 3 for the aqueous suspension at the top 11 of the packing, a receptacle tank 4 comprising a stirrer 41, a decanter 5, a mill 6, a heat exchanger by condensation 7, a heat exchanger by conduction 8, a fan 9 (or compressor) in which the tank 4 is isolated from the air flow by the connection means 10.
- a step of anaerobic biodegradation or fermentation comprising an inlet E for supplying waste, an outlet S for gases, a packing 1 comprising a head 11 and a packing base 12, a packing support 13, a recirculation loop 2 (comprising a pump 21), a distributor
- the receptacle vessel 4 was a cylindrical HDPE vessel with a volume of 70 L. A volume of 50 L of water was introduced into the receptacle vessel prior to the first supply of crushed waste.
- the treated bio-waste was collected in a self-catering type community restaurant. This was food waste mainly corresponding to raw and cooked food not consumed by users (leftover trays and raw and cooked food not selected by users). Their dry matter content (DM) was 230.4 g DM / kg. The waste was crushed in the crusher 6 before it was added to the receptacle tank 4.
- rCh was 38.3 g / h.
- rCh max was 66 g / h.
- Its kinetics correspond to DS reduction kinetics of between 22.6 and 38.3 g DS / h, ie waste treatment capacities of between 4.3 and 7.4 tonnes / year / m 3 of packing.
- the maximum temperature of the packing resulting from an input of waste continued to increase during the experiment; it was, after the last input, 59 ° C.
- the ratio [mass of H2O evaporated / mass DM eliminated] should be in a steady state of the order of 3.7 (to avoid an increase in the volume of water in the tank if it is less than 3.7 and an increase in the DM content of the solution if it is greater than 3.7).
- the kinetics of water evaporation continued to increase throughout the experiment to reach 102 g / h at the end of the experiment, i.e. a ratio [mass of evaporated water / mass of DM eliminated] of the order of 4.5 g / g.
- the quantity of heat recovered at the end of the experiment was 460 kJ / kg (130 kWh / tonne) of waste eliminated, or 40% of the theoretically recoverable quantity. Changing the material of the column supporting the packing and improving the insulation of the receptacle and the solution recirculation pipes can increase this efficiency.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1905359A FR3096282B1 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2019-05-22 | PROCESS FOR TREATING FOOD WASTE AND EXTRACTING THE HEAT ASSOCIATED WITH THIS TREATMENT |
PCT/EP2020/063920 WO2020234279A1 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2020-05-19 | Method for treating food waste and for extracting the heat associated with this treatment |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3972748A1 true EP3972748A1 (en) | 2022-03-30 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20725573.8A Withdrawn EP3972748A1 (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2020-05-19 | Method for treating food waste and for extracting the heat associated with this treatment |
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EP (1) | EP3972748A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN114126775A (en) |
FR (1) | FR3096282B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020234279A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN114273394B (en) * | 2021-11-30 | 2022-12-06 | 中船重工环境工程有限公司 | Multifunctional kitchen and kitchen waste treatment device |
FR3134999B1 (en) | 2022-04-27 | 2024-04-26 | Institut National De Rech Pour Lagriculture Lalimentation Et Lenvironnement | PROCESS FOR TREATMENT OF FOOD WASTE |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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FR2796376B1 (en) * | 1999-07-13 | 2001-09-14 | Althea Dev | PROCESS FOR TREATING SLURRIES FROM PIG, DUCK, CALF BREEDING. |
KR20010113416A (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-12-28 | 박인호 | Food trash treating method |
KR101338951B1 (en) * | 2013-04-23 | 2013-12-09 | 명지대학교 산학협력단 | Bioevaporation process for the zero-discharge treatment of highly concentrated organic wastewater |
AU2015216629A1 (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2016-09-22 | Stellenbosch University | Biofiltration combined with centrifugation |
CN108602703A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2018-09-28 | 富士电机株式会社 | Drainage processing method and drain treatment apparatus |
-
2019
- 2019-05-22 FR FR1905359A patent/FR3096282B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2020
- 2020-05-19 EP EP20725573.8A patent/EP3972748A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-05-19 WO PCT/EP2020/063920 patent/WO2020234279A1/en unknown
- 2020-05-19 CN CN202080050775.3A patent/CN114126775A/en active Pending
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Publication number | Publication date |
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FR3096282A1 (en) | 2020-11-27 |
CN114126775A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
FR3096282B1 (en) | 2021-10-08 |
WO2020234279A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
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