EP3957794B1 - Self-locking concrete paving bloc - Google Patents

Self-locking concrete paving bloc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3957794B1
EP3957794B1 EP21191206.8A EP21191206A EP3957794B1 EP 3957794 B1 EP3957794 B1 EP 3957794B1 EP 21191206 A EP21191206 A EP 21191206A EP 3957794 B1 EP3957794 B1 EP 3957794B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paving block
paving
spacers
height
block
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EP21191206.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3957794A1 (en
Inventor
Sébastien HEINRICH
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Heinrich Bock Et Cie Ets
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Heinrich Bock Et Cie Ets
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Publication of EP3957794A1 publication Critical patent/EP3957794A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C5/06—Pavings made of prefabricated single units made of units with cement or like binders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C2201/00—Paving elements
    • E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of road surfacing industry and the like, in particular concrete paving stones and relates to a self-locking concrete paving stone.
  • Such paving stones are generally provided with interlocking means allowing them to be blocked in two directions in the horizontal plane, these means often being geometric shapes provided on the edges of said paving stones and having inverse symmetry between the parallel edges of the paving stones.
  • the known paving stones are equipped with spacer elements also provided on their edges and making it possible to ensure the formation of a separation joint intended to be filled by a filling of sand.
  • the currently existing paving stones, self-locking type or not have perfectly vertical edges, as do the spacers with which they are equipped, so that the jointing sand only allows effective blocking to be achieved, by vibration, following both directions in the horizontal plane.
  • Such a paving stone makes it possible to largely obviate the majority of the disadvantages of paving stones existing to date, but cannot guarantee absolute locking over a long period against tearing or sagging, due to possible wear of the spacers at their points. of contact leading to migration of the grouting sand towards the laying bed and thus a gap between neighboring paving stones.
  • the publication EP 2 851 469 offers a self-locking paver incorporating spacer means positioned on some of its faces. These distance means are here configured according to pairs of vertical tabs with a polygonal base or portion of a circle, projecting from the edge of the paving stone and whose apex is in the shape of a truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone. Such a paving stone construction also presents limits in the quality of the interlocking of paving stones assembled together.
  • EP-A-2 527 533 a self-locking concrete paving stone, provided on its longitudinal and transverse edges with spacer means, placed on either side of spacers.
  • This paving stone has spacer means in the form of a truncated pyramid with a polygonal base which cooperate, by shape, with the base of the distance means of neighboring paving stones, during the interpenetration of the paving stones in the installation position, and the spacers are arranged in the the median vertical axis of the spacer means, and have the shape of a half truncated cone or half truncated pyramid, the large base of which extends at the level of the polygonal base of the corresponding spacer means, partially projecting from the latter, each spacer cooperating with a corresponding vertical recess, provided in the edge of the neighboring block and whose section is equal to that of the large base of the spacer and constant over all the height of the paving stone.
  • Such a self-locking concrete paver ensures self-blocking in position, both in the plane of the laying surface and perpendicular to this plane, that is to say avoiding any tearing in traffic conditions. However, it also does not provide sufficient sag resistance when pushed downward.
  • the subject of the present invention is a self-locking concrete paver as defined by the statement of main claim 1.
  • said paving stone 1 generally has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a lower installation surface and an upper surface for use or display which are essentially flat, or even textured.
  • said paving stone 1 On its longitudinal edges 2 ( fig. 2 ) and transverse 3 (width, that is to say the short side), said paving stone 1 is provided with spacer means 4, 4 'and spacers 5 used to assemble and hold the paving stones 1 once laid and assembled between them by interpenetration ( fig. 6 And fig. 7 ).
  • the self-locking concrete paving stone 1 is provided on its longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 edges with spacer means 4, 4' and spacers 5, said spacers 5 cooperating, by shape, with the same spacer means 4, 4' of the same neighboring paving stones 1, during the interpenetration of said paving stones 1 in the installation position and is characterized in that between two spacer means 5 which follow each other on the same edge of said paving stone 1, two means 4, 4' of same asymmetrical shape are arranged and oriented facing each other, said spacer means 4, 4' being constituted, each, firstly by a first portion p1 of vertical tongue with polygonal base b, in the shape of a half- drop of water in the shape of a teardrop or in the shape of a section (in the horizontal plane, that is to say parallel to the installation plane) of the upper surface of an aircraft wing, projecting externally on the edge of the paving stone 1 and of constant dimensions over a height h starting from the base of paving stone 1, then a
  • At least one of the two spacer means 4, 4' comprises, at the level of its first portion p1, an arrangement whose edge in external projection presents a combination of at least one curved arc segment with another type of surface, plane or curve according to an arc segment whose curvature is the same or different from that of the first curved arc segment. It should be noted that the curvature is likely to correspond, over at least a portion of its length, to at least one segment of an arc of a circle.
  • the combination comprising at least one curved arc segment has surface continuity without break at the junction between the different successive surfaces which form the arrangement of the external projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4'.
  • This surface continuity without breakage makes it possible to optimize the distribution of force constraints between the longitudinal edges 2 and transverse edges 3 of two juxtaposed paving blocks 1 and more particularly between the spacer means 4, 4' of these paving blocks 1. Indeed, the force constraints are distributed continuously along the external projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' and through the jointing sand which fills the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1.
  • At least one of the different curved arcs combined with each other has a convexity, this convex curved arc being preferentially positioned at one of the lateral ends of the spacer means 4, 4', that is to say at the junction of the external projection of the spacer means 4, 4' with the longitudinal edge 2 or transverse edge 3 of the block.
  • the other surfaces which participate in producing the externally projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' are likely to have a convex or concave or planar arrangement, or even a combination of convex and/or concave and/or planar arrangements.
  • this concave arrangement is capable of producing a junction of the projection external of the spacer means 4, 4' with the longitudinal edge 2 or transverse edge 3 of the block so that this junction is made by surface continuity without breakage.
  • the arrangement of the externally projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' according to a combination of convex and/or concave and/or plane arrangements makes it possible to orient the distribution of the jointing sand during the operation. filling the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1.
  • the arrangement combining concave(s) and convex(s) surfaces thus makes it possible to concentrate the placement of the jointing sand at certain particular portions of the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1 rather than other portions.
  • the projecting spacer means 4, 4' with an arrangement combining concave(s) and convex(s) surfaces make it possible to limit, or even eliminate, the phenomenon of shifting of a block 1 to its juxtaposed counterpart.
  • the positioning opposite respective surfaces of projecting spacer means 4, 4' arranged to combine one or more segments whose identical or different curvatures make it possible to reduce the transmission of shifting forces from a block 1 to its juxtaposed counterpart.
  • An arrangement combining one or more curvatures leads to attenuation via a homogeneous distribution of the diffusion of shifting forces from one paving stone 1 to another through the jointing sand.
  • the block 1 according to the invention therefore has on its lateral sides means which allow the blocks to interpenetrate so as to guarantee both good resistance to vertical tearing or depression, good resistance to lateral shifting and an appearance advantageous aesthetic at the level of their junction as will be explained in more detail below.
  • the spacers 5 have a cleat function and the spacer means 4, 4' of pyramidal shapes face each other and thus provide between them a space forming a sort of groove which is intended to accommodate a spacer 5 or cleat of a adjacent paving stone during their assembly. This is particularly clearly visible on the figures 4 And 5 .
  • said groove is first of all vertical on a small portion of height h starting from the ground (lower surface of the block 1) on the first portion p1 to ensure male-female blocking for an anti-shifting function then transforms, as one moves in height towards the upper face of said block 1, into a V-shaped groove also to ensure male-female blocking for an anti-shifting function.
  • Said bleeds are indicated by two pairs of arrows on the Figure 4 .
  • the two cuts together form a channel C in which the sand of joint may spread.
  • the straight vertical shape of the first portion p1 of height h also guarantees the joint between the two paving stones 1.
  • the block 1 according to the invention is advantageously characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 have a height lower than that of the block 1, their top extending preferentially below the level of the upper edge of said block 1. As seen on the figures 1, 2 And 4 to 6 , these means do not manage to reach the upper flat surface of the paving stone 1. This has the advantage of masking the geometry of the cleats during the silting of the joints, thus the visible face between two paving stones 1 after silting of the joints is the joint of silting.
  • the block 1 according to the invention is further characterized in that the spacers 5 of each longitudinal edge 2 and transverse edge 3 have a section (along a horizontal plane) constant from the base of the block 1 towards the upper end of the spacer 5, thus determining, with the channel C delimited between the overall tongues p of the corresponding spacer means 4, 4', a vertical gap forming a space for grouting with sand, of progressive section from the lower face of the paving stones 1 towards their upper face, carrying out self-compression under a tearing or collapsing force (cf. fig. 5 ).
  • the block 1 according to the present invention is further characterized in that a spacer means 4' partially cut in the vertical direction but having its internal face intact is provided at one end of each longitudinal edge 2 or transverse 3. It is therefore possible to have a distance means 4' cut or truncated as long as its internal part facing the neighboring distance means 4 still manages to play its role.
  • the block 1 according to the present invention is also characterized in that the height h represents between 5 and 15% of the total height H+h, which allows good distribution of forces and loads.
  • the block 1 according to the invention is further characterized in that the spacers 5 have a free upper end of rounded or beveled shape. In this way, the flow of the jointing sand is facilitated and homogeneous on each side of this cleat type element in the aforementioned channel C.
  • the block 1 is also characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' have overall tongues p whose free upper end is of rounded or beveled shape .
  • said tabs p consist of portions p1 and p2.
  • the block 1 according to the invention is characterized in that the spacers 5 have a section (in the horizontal plane) of semi-circular shape.
  • the block 1, according to the present invention is further characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 have the same or substantially the same height.
  • the block 1, is characterized in that the height of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 from the base of the block to their respective vertices is between 80% and 90% of the total height of a paving stone 1 of constant height and flat upper surface.
  • said spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 are completely covered and therefore invisible, which also contributes to an improvement in the visual appearance, by producing perfectly linear joints. .
  • the joint (or interstitial space) existing between two paving stones 1 laid and assembled correctly is very small.
  • the thickness of this joint is almost equivalent to the common thickness of the protruding elements, that is to say the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers or cleats 5, in their part of the largest dimension (in the horizontal plane).
  • FIG 8 shows this zone even more clearly, in the horizontal plane, zone with the characteristic geometric shapes preferred for said means 4, 4' in the shape of a half-drop of water in the shape of a teardrop, that is to say with an end of semi-circular section evolving, following a camber, towards the other opposite end in the shape of a half-point, or in other words like the profile of the upper surface of an airplane wing starting from one edge of attack rounded and extended with a camber to finish at the other end in a tapered trailing edge.
  • the sections of the spacers 5 are advantageously of circular semi-cylindrical shape or in the shape of U, C, trapezoid, etc., as long as they are coordinated with the corresponding geometric shapes of the means 4, 4' with which they interact to form a well-filled gap between two neighboring blocks 1 and have sufficient contact surfaces to ensure their blocking functions against each other.
  • two half-drops in the shape of opposing tears which face each other ensure vertical blocking thanks to the bases b (which can also be polygonal) and the interaction of this “half-drop” with the opposite half-cylinder shown in figure 8 (double arrow outside the gap) ensures horizontal blocking.
  • each spacer means 4, 4' is close to or in contact, via its convex face, on the one hand with an opposite spacer 5 and, on the other hand, with an opposite longitudinal edge 2 or transverse 3 of a neighboring block 1.
  • This arrangement and these shapes of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5, projecting from the transverse edges 3 and the longitudinal edges 2 of the paving stones 1, makes it possible to obtain linear continuity of the joints between the paving stones 1, said means spacers 4, 4' and spacers 5 extending entirely into the jointing space between the paving stones 1.
  • the gap delimited between the vertices in the form of a truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone of the tongues p delimits a corner filled with jointing sand preventing any tearing of the laid paving stones 1.
  • this self-blocking means results from the fact that an attempt to tear off a paving stone 1 has the effect of inducing a movement of the jointing sand at the level of the spacers 5 and the spacer means 4, 4' which has the effect of simultaneous compression of the jointing sand, this compression taking place, in fact, in cascade and resulting in a total blockage preventing any tearing.
  • the paving blocks 1 laid are entirely in mutual contact by their base resting on the laying bed, the vertical gaps, between the spacer means 4 , 4' and the spacers 5 of constant then variable section (and/or width), filled with jointing sand making it possible to further perfect the hold of the paving stones against any risk of shifting or tilting, which could lead to destabilization of the set of paving stones laid.
  • the invention it is possible to produce a self-locking concrete paver making it possible to ensure improved self-blocking in position, both in the plane of the laying surface and perpendicular to this plane, that is to say avoiding any tearing and any subsidence in traffic conditions, while allowing the drainage of runoff water at the base.
  • the overall aesthetic is also preserved or even improved as shown in the figures 6 And 7 .
  • this paving stone 1 can be produced by using usual molding techniques, that is to say with the use of a simple, one-piece mold, and installation is also possible in a simple, rapid and economical manner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine de l'industrie des revêtements routiers et analogue, en particulier des pavés en béton et a pour objet un pavé en béton autobloquant.The present invention relates to the field of road surfacing industry and the like, in particular concrete paving stones and relates to a self-locking concrete paving stone.

Actuellement, il existe différents types de pavés en béton pour la réalisation de surfaces destinées à la circulation de véhicules ou encore de simples surfaces destinées à des passages, seulement périodiques, de véhicules ou à des fins de stationnement. De tels pavés sont généralement munis de moyens d'emboîtement permettant leur blocage suivant deux directions dans le plan horizontal, ces moyens étant souvent des formes géométriques prévues sur les bords desdits pavés et présentant une symétrie inverse entre les bords parallèles des pavés.Currently, there are different types of concrete paving stones for creating surfaces intended for vehicle traffic or even simple surfaces intended for only periodic passages of vehicles or for parking purposes. Such paving stones are generally provided with interlocking means allowing them to be blocked in two directions in the horizontal plane, these means often being geometric shapes provided on the edges of said paving stones and having inverse symmetry between the parallel edges of the paving stones.

En outre, les pavés connus sont équipés d'éléments distanceurs également prévus sur leurs bords et permettant d'assurer la formation d'un joint de séparation destiné à être comblé par un remplissage de sable.In addition, the known paving stones are equipped with spacer elements also provided on their edges and making it possible to ensure the formation of a separation joint intended to be filled by a filling of sand.

Les pavés connus permettent de répondre de manière relativement correcte aux exigences de blocage et d'anti-déboîtement hors d'une surface posée dans les cas où des critères de circulation très stricts peuvent être remplis, à savoir des vitesses de déplacement relativement faibles engendrant de très faibles vibrations.Known paving stones make it possible to respond relatively correctly to the requirements of blocking and anti-dislodging outside a laid surface in cases where very strict traffic criteria can be met, namely relatively low movement speeds generating very low vibrations.

En effet, les pavés existants actuellement, de type autobloquant ou non, présentent des bords parfaitement verticaux, de même que les distanceurs dont ils sont équipés, de sorte que le sable de jointoiement permet uniquement de réaliser, par vibration, un blocage efficace, suivant les deux directions dans le plan horizontal.In fact, the currently existing paving stones, self-locking type or not, have perfectly vertical edges, as do the spacers with which they are equipped, so that the jointing sand only allows effective blocking to be achieved, by vibration, following both directions in the horizontal plane.

On connaît également, par DE-U-202 01 877 un bloc muni de distanceurs ayant une section décroissante de la base vers la face apparente et qui ne présentent pas de contact ponctuel de leur base avec celle des blocs adjacents. En outre, il subsiste un jeu longitudinal et transversal qui ne permet pas d'obtenir un blocage efficace des blocs. De plus, l'épaulement prévu dans ce document ne permet pas une fermeture du joint au niveau du lit de pose, de sorte que le sable de joint peut se déverser dans ce lit de pose lors de vibrations. Enfin, les distanceurs ne sont nullement en contact sur toute leur hauteur.We also know, by DE-U-202 01 877 a block provided with spacers having a decreasing section from the base towards the visible face and which do not have point contact of their base with that of the adjacent blocks. In addition, there remains a longitudinal and transverse play which does not make it possible to obtain effective blocking of the blocks. In addition, the shoulder provided for in this document does not allow the joint to close at the level of the laying bed, so that the joint sand can flow into this bedding during vibrations. Finally, the spacers are in no way in contact over their entire height.

Par ailleurs, il a été proposé, par EP-A-1 380 689 , un pavé en béton autobloquant, pourvu sur ses bords longitudinaux et transversaux de moyens distanceurs en forme de tronc de pyramide ou de tronc de cône, dans lequel lesdits moyens distanceurs sont disposés de part et d'autre d'écarteurs semi cylindriques et rejoignent par paires, par leur base, la génératrice de l'écarteur correspondant la plus éloignée du pavé, chaque moyen distanceur étant, lors de l'interpénétration des pavés en position de pose, en contact par un point avec le bord longitudinal ou transversal du pavé voisin et par un point avec un distanceur correspondant du pavé voisin, les écarteurs étant en contact sur toute leur hauteur avec le bord correspondant du pavé voisin par une ligne.Furthermore, it was proposed, by EP-A-1 380 689 , a self-locking concrete paving stone, provided on its longitudinal and transverse edges with spacer means in the form of a truncated pyramid or truncated cone, in which said spacer means are arranged on either side of semi-cylindrical spacers and join by pairs, by their base, the generator of the corresponding spacer furthest from the paving stone, each spacer means being, during the interpenetration of the paving stones in the installation position, in contact at a point with the longitudinal or transverse edge of the neighboring paving stone and by a point with a corresponding distance from the neighboring block, the spacers being in contact over their entire height with the corresponding edge of the neighboring block by a line.

Un tel pavé permet d'obvier largement à la majorité des inconvénients des pavés existant à ce jour, mais ne peut garantir sur une longue durée un verrouillage absolu contre un arrachement ou un affaissement, du fait d'une usure possible des distanceurs à leurs points de contact entraînant une migration du sable de jointoiement vers le lit de pose et ainsi un jeu entre pavés voisins.Such a paving stone makes it possible to largely obviate the majority of the disadvantages of paving stones existing to date, but cannot guarantee absolute locking over a long period against tearing or sagging, due to possible wear of the spacers at their points. of contact leading to migration of the grouting sand towards the laying bed and thus a gap between neighboring paving stones.

Par ailleurs, la publication EP 2 851 469 propose un pavé autobloquant intégrant des moyens distanceurs positionnés sur certaines de ses faces. Ces moyens distanceurs sont ici configurés selon des paires de languettes verticales à base polygonale ou en portion de cercle, en saillie sur le bord du pavé et dont le sommet est en forme de tronc de pyramide ou de portion de tronc de cône. Une telle construction de pavé présente, là aussi, des limites dans la qualité du verrouillage de pavés assemblés entre eux.Furthermore, the publication EP 2 851 469 offers a self-locking paver incorporating spacer means positioned on some of its faces. These distance means are here configured according to pairs of vertical tabs with a polygonal base or portion of a circle, projecting from the edge of the paving stone and whose apex is in the shape of a truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone. Such a paving stone construction also presents limits in the quality of the interlocking of paving stones assembled together.

Enfin, on connaît, par EP-A-2 527 533 un pavé en béton autobloquant, pourvu sur ses bords longitudinaux et transversaux de moyens distanceurs, disposés de part et d'autre d'écarteurs. Ce pavé présente des moyens distanceurs en forme de tronc de pyramide à base polygonale qui coopèrent, par forme, avec la base des moyens distanceurs des pavés voisins, lors de l'interpénétration des pavés en position de pose, et les écarteurs sont disposés dans l'axe vertical médian des moyens distanceurs, et présentent une forme de demi tronc de cône ou de demi tronc de pyramide, dont la grande base s'étend au niveau de la base polygonale du moyen distanceur correspondant, partiellement en saillie par rapport à cette dernière, chaque écarteur coopérant avec un évidement vertical correspondant, prévu dans le bord du pavé voisin et dont la section est égale à celle de la grande base de l'écarteur et constante sur toute la hauteur du pavé.Finally, we know, by EP-A-2 527 533 a self-locking concrete paving stone, provided on its longitudinal and transverse edges with spacer means, placed on either side of spacers. This paving stone has spacer means in the form of a truncated pyramid with a polygonal base which cooperate, by shape, with the base of the distance means of neighboring paving stones, during the interpenetration of the paving stones in the installation position, and the spacers are arranged in the the median vertical axis of the spacer means, and have the shape of a half truncated cone or half truncated pyramid, the large base of which extends at the level of the polygonal base of the corresponding spacer means, partially projecting from the latter, each spacer cooperating with a corresponding vertical recess, provided in the edge of the neighboring block and whose section is equal to that of the large base of the spacer and constant over all the height of the paving stone.

Un tel pavé en béton autobloquant permet d'assurer un auto-blocage en position, tant dans le plan de la surface de pose que perpendiculairement à ce plan, c'est-à-dire évitant tout arrachage dans des conditions de circulation. Toutefois, il n'offre pas non plus de résistance à l'affaissement suffisante lors d'une poussée exercée vers le bas.Such a self-locking concrete paver ensures self-blocking in position, both in the plane of the laying surface and perpendicular to this plane, that is to say avoiding any tearing in traffic conditions. However, it also does not provide sufficient sag resistance when pushed downward.

De plus, la présence visible des évidements verticaux au niveau des joints n'est pas compatible avec certaines exigences esthétiques, notamment en ce qui concerne la continuité linéaire des joints.Furthermore, the visible presence of vertical recesses at the joints is not compatible with certain aesthetic requirements, in particular with regard to the linear continuity of the joints.

La présente invention a pour objet un pavé en béton autobloquant tel que défini par l'énoncé de la revendication principale 1.The subject of the present invention is a self-locking concrete paver as defined by the statement of main claim 1.

A cet effet, le pavé en béton autobloquant selon la présente invention est pourvu sur ses bords longitudinaux et transversaux de moyens distanceurs et d'écarteurs, lesdits écarteurs coopérant, par forme, avec les mêmes moyens distanceurs des mêmes pavés voisins, lors de l'interpénétration desdits pavés en position de pose, caractérisé en ce qu'entre deux moyens distanceurs qui se suivent sur un même bord dudit pavé, deux moyens de même forme asymétrique sont disposés et orientés en regard l'un de l'autre,

  • lesdits moyens distanceurs étant constitués, chacun, d'abord par une première portion de languette verticale à base polygonale, en forme de demi-goutte d'eau en forme de larme ou en forme d'extrados d'une aile d'avion, en saillie externe sur le bord du pavé et de dimensions constantes sur une hauteur h en partant de la base du pavé,
  • puis d'une seconde portion de languette verticale prolongeant ladite première portion sur une portion de hauteur H et dont les dimensions du profilé de la section de la base sont décroissantes vers le haut du pavé de sorte à former une languette globale p verticale en forme de tronc de pyramide ou de portion de tronc de cône,
  • et en ce que les deux moyens distanceurs sont tournés l'un vers l'autre avec leurs extrémités les plus larges ou grandes se faisant face de sorte à délimiter, grâce à leurs bords internes, une sorte de canal vertical en forme d'entonnoir, de hauteur h+H, évasé vers le haut du pavé pour la réception d'un écarteur en saillie du même type de pavé à assembler.
For this purpose, the self-locking concrete paving stone according to the present invention is provided on its longitudinal and transverse edges with spacer means and spacers, said spacers cooperating, by shape, with the same spacer means of the same neighboring paving stones, during the interpenetration of said paving stones in the installation position, characterized in that between two spacer means which follow one another on the same edge of said paving stone, two means of the same asymmetrical shape are arranged and oriented facing each other,
  • said spacer means each being constituted, firstly, by a first portion of a vertical tongue with a polygonal base, in the shape of a half-drop of water in the shape of a teardrop or in the shape of the upper surface of an aircraft wing, in external projection on the edge of the paving stone and of constant dimensions over a height h starting from the base of the paving stone,
  • then a second portion of vertical tongue extending said first portion over a portion of height H and whose dimensions of the profile of the base section decrease towards the top of the block so as to form an overall vertical tongue p in the shape of truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone,
  • and in that the two distance means are turned towards each other with their widest or largest ends facing each other so as to delimit, thanks to their internal edges, a sort of funnel-shaped vertical channel, of height h+H, flared towards the top of the paving stone to receive a projecting spacer of the same type of paving stone to be assembled.

L'invention sera mieux comprise, grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à un mode de réalisation préféré, donné à titre d'exemple non limitatif, et expliqué avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels :

  • [Fig. 1] est une vue 3D en perspective d'un exemple de pavé conforme à l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 2] est une vue d'une face latérale (d'un côté ou bord longitudinal) d'un exemple de pavé selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 3] est une vue de dessus (face supérieure ou face en contact avec les usagers) du pavé suivant la figure 1 ou 2 ;
  • [Fig. 4] est une vue représentant un agrandissement d'une portion de la face latérale de la figure 2 du pavé selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 5] est un détail agrandi de la figure 4 montrant de façon schématique le principe de fonctionnement d'un exemple de pavé selon l'invention ;
  • [Fig. 6] est une vue 3D en perspective de deux pavés de même type, selon l'invention, assemblés lors de leur pose sur le terrain ;
  • [Fig. 7] est une vue de dessus d'un exemple de deux pavés de la figure 4 ; et
  • [Fig. 8] est un agrandissement montrant de façon schématique un exemple de joint interstitiel existant entre deux pavés selon l'invention posés et assemblés, selon la figure 7 et illustrant en partie le principe de fonctionnement dudit pavé.
The invention will be better understood, thanks to the description below, which relates to a preferred embodiment, given by way of non-limiting example, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:
  • [ Fig. 1 ] is a 3D perspective view of an example of a block according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 2 ] is a view of a side face (on one side or longitudinal edge) of an example of paving stone according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 3 ] is a top view (upper side or side in contact with users) of the block following the figure 1 or 2 ;
  • [ Fig. 4 ] is a view representing an enlargement of a portion of the lateral face of the figure 2 paving stone according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 5 ] is an enlarged detail of the figure 4 schematically showing the operating principle of an example of a block according to the invention;
  • [ Fig. 6 ] is a 3D perspective view of two paving stones of the same type, according to the invention, assembled during their installation on the ground;
  • [ Fig. 7 ] is a top view of an example of two paving stones of the figure 4 ; And
  • [ Fig. 8 ] is an enlargement showing schematically an example of an interstitial joint existing between two paving stones according to the invention laid and assembled, according to the Figure 7 and partly illustrating the operating principle of said pad.

Les figures 1 à 3 des dessins annexés représentent de façon globale un pavé autobloquant 1, typiquement en béton, destiné à être posé sur des voies de circulation, des aires de stationnement ou autres. Pour des raisons de clarté, tous les éléments qui se répètent n'ont pas été affectés systématiquement de références numériques, en particulier pour les éléments 4, 4', et 5 afin de ne pas surcharger les figures, étant entendu que ces éléments non référencés sont identiques ou au moins fonctionnellement identiques.THE figures 1 to 3 attached drawings generally represent a self-locking paving stone 1, typically made of concrete, intended to be placed on traffic lanes, parking areas or others. For reasons of clarity, all elements which are repeated have not been systematically assigned numerical references, in particular for elements 4, 4', and 5 so as not to overload the figures, it being understood that these non-referenced elements are identical or at least functionally identical.

Comme on le voit sur lesdites figures, ledit pavé 1 possède généralement une forme de parallélépipède rectangle avec une surface inférieure de pose et une surface supérieure d'utilisation ou d'exposition essentiellement planes, voire texturées.As can be seen in said figures, said paving stone 1 generally has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped with a lower installation surface and an upper surface for use or display which are essentially flat, or even textured.

Sur ses bords longitudinaux 2 (fig. 2) et transversaux 3 (largeur, c'est-à-dire le petit côté), ledit pavé 1 est muni de moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et d'écarteurs 5 servant à assembler et maintenir les pavés 1 une fois posés et assemblés entre eux par interpénétration (fig. 6 et fig. 7).On its longitudinal edges 2 ( fig. 2 ) and transverse 3 (width, that is to say the short side), said paving stone 1 is provided with spacer means 4, 4 'and spacers 5 used to assemble and hold the paving stones 1 once laid and assembled between them by interpenetration ( fig. 6 And fig. 7 ).

Conformément à l'invention, le pavé 1 autobloquant en béton est pourvu sur ses bords longitudinaux 2 et transversaux 3 de moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et d'écarteurs 5, lesdits écarteurs 5 coopérant, par forme, avec les mêmes moyens distanceurs 4, 4' des mêmes pavés 1 voisins, lors de l'interpénétration desdits pavés 1 en position de pose et est caractérisé en ce qu'entre deux moyens écarteurs 5 qui se suivent sur un même bord dudit pavé 1, deux moyens 4, 4' de même forme asymétrique sont disposés et orientés en regard l'un de l'autre, lesdits moyens distanceurs 4, 4' étant constitués, chacun, d'abord par une première portion p1 de languette verticale à base b polygonale, en forme de demi-goutte d'eau en forme de larme ou en forme de section (dans le plan horizontal c'est-à-dire parallèlement au plan de pose) de l'extrados d'une aile d'avion, en saillie externe sur le bord du pavé 1 et de dimensions constantes sur une hauteur h en partant de la base du pavé 1, puis d'une seconde portion p2 de languette verticale prolongeant ladite première portion p1 sur une portion de hauteur H et dont les dimensions du profilé de la section de la base b sont décroissantes vers le haut du pavé 1 de sorte à former une languette globale p verticale en forme de tronc de pyramide ou de portion de tronc de cône, et en ce que les deux moyens distanceurs 4, 4' sont tournés l'un vers l'autre avec leurs extrémités les plus larges ou grandes se faisant face de sorte à délimiter, grâce à leurs bords internes, un canal vertical C en forme d'entonnoir, de hauteur h+H, évasé vers le haut du pavé 1 pour la réception d'un écarteur 5 en saillie du même type de pavé 1 à assembler.In accordance with the invention, the self-locking concrete paving stone 1 is provided on its longitudinal 2 and transverse 3 edges with spacer means 4, 4' and spacers 5, said spacers 5 cooperating, by shape, with the same spacer means 4, 4' of the same neighboring paving stones 1, during the interpenetration of said paving stones 1 in the installation position and is characterized in that between two spacer means 5 which follow each other on the same edge of said paving stone 1, two means 4, 4' of same asymmetrical shape are arranged and oriented facing each other, said spacer means 4, 4' being constituted, each, firstly by a first portion p1 of vertical tongue with polygonal base b, in the shape of a half- drop of water in the shape of a teardrop or in the shape of a section (in the horizontal plane, that is to say parallel to the installation plane) of the upper surface of an aircraft wing, projecting externally on the edge of the paving stone 1 and of constant dimensions over a height h starting from the base of paving stone 1, then a second portion p2 of vertical tongue extending said first portion p1 over a portion of height H and whose dimensions of the profile of the section of the base b are decreasing towards the top of the block 1 so as to form an overall vertical tongue p in the shape of a truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone, and in that the two spacer means 4, 4' are turned the one towards the other with their widest or largest ends facing each other so as to delimit, thanks to their internal edges, a vertical channel C in the shape of a funnel, of height h+H, flared towards the top of the block 1 for receiving a projecting spacer 5 of the same type of block 1 to be assembled.

Selon un exemple de construction préféré, dans un plan en section sensiblement horizontal par rapport au positionnement final du pavé 1, au moins un des deux moyens distanceurs 4, 4' comprend, au niveau de sa première portion p1, un arrangement dont le bord en saillie externe présente une combinaison d'au moins un segment d'arc courbé avec un autre type de surface, plan ou courbe selon un segment d'arc dont la courbure est identique ou différente de celle du premier segment d'arc courbé. Il convient de relever que la courbure est susceptible de correspondre, sur au moins une portion de sa longueur, à au moins un segment d'arc de cercle. Selon un première variante spécifique de cet exemple, la combinaison comprenant au moins un segment d'arc courbé présente une continuité de surface sans brisure au niveau de la jonction entre les différentes surfaces successives qui forment l'arrangement du bord en saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4'. Cette continuité de surface sans brisure permet d'opérer une optimisation de la répartition des contraintes d'effort entre les bords longitudinaux 2 et transversaux 3 de deux pavés 1 juxtaposés et plus particulièrement entre les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' de ces pavés 1. En effet, les contraintes d'effort se trouvent distribuées de façon continue le long du bord en saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4' et au travers du sable de jointement qui remplit l'interstice entre deux pavés 1 juxtaposés. Selon une autre variante spécifique de cet exemple susceptible d'être combinée avec la variante précédente, au moins un des différents arcs courbés combinés entre eux présente une convexité, cet arc courbé convexe se trouvant préférentiellement positionné à une des extrémités latérales du moyen distanceur 4, 4', c'est-à-dire au niveau de la jonction de la saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4' avec le bord longitudinal 2 ou transversal 3 du pavé. Les autres surfaces qui participent à la réalisation du bord en saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4' sont susceptibles de présenter un arrangement convexe ou concave ou plan, voire également une combinaison d'arrangements convexes et/ou concaves et/ou plans. Selon une autre variante spécifique de cet exemple susceptible d'être combinée avec la variante précédente, lorsque le bord en saillie externe présente un arrangement concave au niveau d'une de ses extrémités latérales, cet arrangement concave est susceptible de réaliser une jonction de la saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4' avec le bord longitudinal 2 ou transversal 3 du pavé de sorte que cette jonction soit réalisée par une continuité de surface sans brisure. Il convient de relever que l'arrangement du bord en saillie externe du moyen distanceur 4, 4' selon une combinaison d'arrangements convexes et/ou concaves et/ou plans permet d'orienter la répartition du sable de jointement lors de l'opération de remplissage de l'interstice entre deux pavés 1 juxtaposés. L'arrangement combinant des surfaces concave(s) et convexe(s) permet ainsi de concentrer la mise en place du sable de jointement au niveau de certaines portions particulières de l'interstice entre deux pavés 1 juxtaposés plutôt que d'autres portions. De même, les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' en saillie avec un arrangement combinant des surfaces concave(s) et convexe(s) permettent de limiter, voire supprimer, le phénomène de ripage d'un pavé 1 à son homologue juxtaposé. En effet, à l'inverse de surfaces planes, le positionnement en vis-à-vis de surfaces respectives de moyens distanceurs 4, 4' en saillie arrangées pour combiner un ou plusieurs segments dont les courbures identiques ou différentes permettent de réduire la transmission des forces de ripages depuis un pavé 1 à son homologue juxtaposé. Un arrangement combinant une ou plusieurs courbures conduit à une atténuation via une répartition homogène de la diffusion des forces de ripages d'un pavé 1 à un autre au travers du sable de jointement.According to a preferred example of construction, in a sectional plane substantially horizontal relative to the final positioning of the block 1, at least one of the two spacer means 4, 4' comprises, at the level of its first portion p1, an arrangement whose edge in external projection presents a combination of at least one curved arc segment with another type of surface, plane or curve according to an arc segment whose curvature is the same or different from that of the first curved arc segment. It should be noted that the curvature is likely to correspond, over at least a portion of its length, to at least one segment of an arc of a circle. According to a first specific variant of this example, the combination comprising at least one curved arc segment has surface continuity without break at the junction between the different successive surfaces which form the arrangement of the external projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4'. This surface continuity without breakage makes it possible to optimize the distribution of force constraints between the longitudinal edges 2 and transverse edges 3 of two juxtaposed paving blocks 1 and more particularly between the spacer means 4, 4' of these paving blocks 1. Indeed, the force constraints are distributed continuously along the external projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' and through the jointing sand which fills the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1. According to another specific variant of this example capable of being combined with the previous variant, at least one of the different curved arcs combined with each other has a convexity, this convex curved arc being preferentially positioned at one of the lateral ends of the spacer means 4, 4', that is to say at the junction of the external projection of the spacer means 4, 4' with the longitudinal edge 2 or transverse edge 3 of the block. The other surfaces which participate in producing the externally projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' are likely to have a convex or concave or planar arrangement, or even a combination of convex and/or concave and/or planar arrangements. According to another specific variant of this example capable of being combined with the previous variant, when the external projecting edge has a concave arrangement at one of its lateral ends, this concave arrangement is capable of producing a junction of the projection external of the spacer means 4, 4' with the longitudinal edge 2 or transverse edge 3 of the block so that this junction is made by surface continuity without breakage. It should be noted that the arrangement of the externally projecting edge of the spacer means 4, 4' according to a combination of convex and/or concave and/or plane arrangements makes it possible to orient the distribution of the jointing sand during the operation. filling the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1. The arrangement combining concave(s) and convex(s) surfaces thus makes it possible to concentrate the placement of the jointing sand at certain particular portions of the gap between two juxtaposed paving stones 1 rather than other portions. Likewise, the projecting spacer means 4, 4' with an arrangement combining concave(s) and convex(s) surfaces make it possible to limit, or even eliminate, the phenomenon of shifting of a block 1 to its juxtaposed counterpart. Indeed, unlike flat surfaces, the positioning opposite respective surfaces of projecting spacer means 4, 4' arranged to combine one or more segments whose identical or different curvatures make it possible to reduce the transmission of shifting forces from a block 1 to its juxtaposed counterpart. An arrangement combining one or more curvatures leads to attenuation via a homogeneous distribution of the diffusion of shifting forces from one paving stone 1 to another through the jointing sand.

Comme on le voit notamment sur les figures 1 à 3, le pavé 1 selon l'invention présente donc sur ses flancs latéraux des moyens qui permettent aux pavés de s'interpénétrer de façon à garantir à la fois une bonne résistance à un arrachement ou enfoncement vertical, une bonne résistance au ripage latéral et un aspect esthétique avantageux au niveau de leur jonction comme cela va être expliqué plus en détail ci-après.As we see in particular on the figures 1 to 3 , the block 1 according to the invention therefore has on its lateral sides means which allow the blocks to interpenetrate so as to guarantee both good resistance to vertical tearing or depression, good resistance to lateral shifting and an appearance advantageous aesthetic at the level of their junction as will be explained in more detail below.

En particulier, les écarteurs 5 ont une fonction de taquet et les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' de formes pyramidales se font face et procurent ainsi entre eux un espace formant une sorte de saignée qui est destinée à accueillir un écarteur 5 ou taquet d'un pavé voisin lors de leur assemblage. Ceci est particulièrement bien visible sur les figures 4 et 5.In particular, the spacers 5 have a cleat function and the spacer means 4, 4' of pyramidal shapes face each other and thus provide between them a space forming a sort of groove which is intended to accommodate a spacer 5 or cleat of a adjacent paving stone during their assembly. This is particularly clearly visible on the figures 4 And 5 .

Sur la figure 4, on voit bien que, conformément à la présente invention, ladite saignée est tout d'abord verticale sur une petite portion de hauteur h en partant du sol (surface inférieure du pavé 1) sur la première portion p1 pour assurer un blocage mâle-femelle pour une fonction antiripage puis se transforme, à mesure qu'on se dirige en hauteur vers la face supérieure dudit pavé 1, en une saignée en forme de V également pour assurer un blocage mâle-femelle pour une fonction anti ripage. Lesdites saignées sont indiquées par deux paires de flèches sur la figure 4. Les deux saignées forment ensemble un canal C dans lequel le sable de jointement peut se répandre. On assure donc ainsi un blocage vertical en présence dudit sable de jointement et en même temps un blocage horizontal également grâce au sable, ce qui n'était pas le cas dans les pavés connus de l'état de la technique.On the Figure 4 , we can clearly see that, in accordance with the present invention, said groove is first of all vertical on a small portion of height h starting from the ground (lower surface of the block 1) on the first portion p1 to ensure male-female blocking for an anti-shifting function then transforms, as one moves in height towards the upper face of said block 1, into a V-shaped groove also to ensure male-female blocking for an anti-shifting function. Said bleeds are indicated by two pairs of arrows on the Figure 4 . The two cuts together form a channel C in which the sand of joint may spread. We therefore ensure vertical blocking in the presence of said jointing sand and at the same time horizontal blocking also thanks to the sand, which was not the case in the paving stones known from the state of the art.

La forme droite verticale de la première portion p1 de hauteur h garantit aussi le joint entre les deux pavés 1.The straight vertical shape of the first portion p1 of height h also guarantees the joint between the two paving stones 1.

Le pavé 1 selon l'invention est avantageusement caractérisé en ce que les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et les écarteurs 5 présentent une hauteur inférieure à celle du pavé 1, leur sommet s'étendant préférentiellement sous le niveau du bord supérieur dudit pavé 1. Comme on le voit sur les figures 1, 2 et 4 à 6, ces moyens n'arrivent pas à atteindre la surface plane supérieure du pavé 1. Ceci a comme avantage de masquer la géométrie des taquets lors de l'ensablement des joints, ainsi la face visible entre deux pavés 1 après ensablement des joints est le joint d'ensablement.The block 1 according to the invention is advantageously characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 have a height lower than that of the block 1, their top extending preferentially below the level of the upper edge of said block 1. As seen on the figures 1, 2 And 4 to 6 , these means do not manage to reach the upper flat surface of the paving stone 1. This has the advantage of masking the geometry of the cleats during the silting of the joints, thus the visible face between two paving stones 1 after silting of the joints is the joint of silting.

Le pavé 1 selon l'invention est encore caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs 5 de chaque bord longitudinal 2 et transversal 3 présentent une section (selon un plan horizontal) constante à partir de la base du pavé 1 vers l'extrémité supérieure de l'écarteur 5, déterminant ainsi, avec le canal C délimité entre les languettes globales p des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' correspondants, un interstice vertical formant un espace de jointoiement par du sable, à section progressive à partir de la face inférieure des pavés 1 vers leur face supérieure, réalisant une auto-compression sous un effort d'arrachement ou d'affaissement (cf. fig. 5).The block 1 according to the invention is further characterized in that the spacers 5 of each longitudinal edge 2 and transverse edge 3 have a section (along a horizontal plane) constant from the base of the block 1 towards the upper end of the spacer 5, thus determining, with the channel C delimited between the overall tongues p of the corresponding spacer means 4, 4', a vertical gap forming a space for grouting with sand, of progressive section from the lower face of the paving stones 1 towards their upper face, carrying out self-compression under a tearing or collapsing force (cf. fig. 5 ).

Le pavé 1 selon la présente invention est en outre caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen distanceur 4' partiellement coupé dans le sens vertical mais présentant sa face interne intacte est prévu à une extrémité de chaque bord longitudinal 2 ou transversal 3. Il est donc possible d'avoir un moyen distanceur 4' coupé ou tronqué du moment que sa partie interne faisant face au moyen distanceur 4 voisin arrive encore à jouer son rôle.The block 1 according to the present invention is further characterized in that a spacer means 4' partially cut in the vertical direction but having its internal face intact is provided at one end of each longitudinal edge 2 or transverse 3. It is therefore possible to have a distance means 4' cut or truncated as long as its internal part facing the neighboring distance means 4 still manages to play its role.

Avantageusement, le pavé 1 selon la présente invention est également caractérisé en ce que la hauteur h représente entre 5 et 15 % de la hauteur totale H+h, ce qui permet une bonne répartition des efforts et charges.Advantageously, the block 1 according to the present invention is also characterized in that the height h represents between 5 and 15% of the total height H+h, which allows good distribution of forces and loads.

Par ailleurs, le pavé 1 selon l'invention est encore caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs 5 présentent une extrémité supérieure libre de forme arrondie ou biseautée. De cette manière, l'écoulement du sable de jointement est facilité et homogène de chaque côté de cet élément de type taquet dans le canal C susmentionné.Furthermore, the block 1 according to the invention is further characterized in that the spacers 5 have a free upper end of rounded or beveled shape. In this way, the flow of the jointing sand is facilitated and homogeneous on each side of this cleat type element in the aforementioned channel C.

Dans le même ordre d'idée et selon un autre aspect de l'invention, le pavé 1 est également caractérisé en ce que les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' présentent des languettes globales p dont l'extrémité supérieure libre est de forme arrondie ou biseautée. Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 5, lesdites languettes p sont constituées des portions p1 et p2.In the same vein and according to another aspect of the invention, the block 1 is also characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' have overall tongues p whose free upper end is of rounded or beveled shape . As can be seen on the Figure 5 , said tabs p consist of portions p1 and p2.

Avantageusement, le pavé 1 selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que les écarteurs 5 présentent une section (dans le plan horizontal) de forme semi-circulaire.Advantageously, the block 1 according to the invention is characterized in that the spacers 5 have a section (in the horizontal plane) of semi-circular shape.

Pour optimiser encore les performances, le pavé 1, selon la présente invention, est de surcroît caractérisé en ce que les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et les écarteurs 5 présentent la même ou sensiblement la même hauteur.To further optimize performance, the block 1, according to the present invention, is further characterized in that the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 have the same or substantially the same height.

Le pavé 1, selon un mode de réalisation préféré, est caractérisé en ce que la hauteur des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et des écarteurs 5 depuis la base du pavé jusqu'à leurs sommets respectifs est comprise entre 80 % et 90 % de la hauteur totale d'un pavé 1 de hauteur constante et de surface supérieure plane. Ainsi, en position de pose et après sablage des joints, lesdits moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et les écarteurs 5 sont totalement recouverts et donc invisibles, ce qui contribue également à une amélioration de l'aspect visuel, par la réalisation de joints parfaitement linéaires.The block 1, according to a preferred embodiment, is characterized in that the height of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 from the base of the block to their respective vertices is between 80% and 90% of the total height of a paving stone 1 of constant height and flat upper surface. Thus, in the installation position and after sanding of the joints, said spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 are completely covered and therefore invisible, which also contributes to an improvement in the visual appearance, by producing perfectly linear joints. .

Comme on le voit bien sur la figure 6, le joint (ou espace interstitiel) existant entre deux pavés 1 posés et assemblés correctement est très réduit. Comme on le voit également sur la figure 7 et encore mieux sur l'agrandissement représenté à la figure 8, l'épaisseur de ce joint est quasiment équivalente à l'épaisseur commune des éléments saillants, c'est-à-dire des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et des écarteurs ou taquets 5, dans leur partie de la plus grande dimension (dans le plan horizontal).As we can clearly see on the Figure 6 , the joint (or interstitial space) existing between two paving stones 1 laid and assembled correctly is very small. As also seen on the Figure 7 and even better on the enlargement shown in the figure 8 , the thickness of this joint is almost equivalent to the common thickness of the protruding elements, that is to say the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers or cleats 5, in their part of the largest dimension (in the horizontal plane).

La figure 8 montre encore plus clairement cette zone, dans le plan horizontal, zone avec les formes géométriques caractéristiques préférées pour lesdits moyens 4, 4' en forme de demi-goutte d'eau en forme de larme c'est-à-dire avec une extrémité de section semi-circulaire évoluant, suivant une cambrure, vers l'autre extrémité opposée en forme de demi-pointe, ou en d'autres termes comme le profil de l'extrados d'une aile d'avion partant d'un bord d'attaque arrondi et prolongé selon une cambrure pour finir à l'autre extrémité dans un bord de fuite effilé. On peut également envisager toute autre forme similaire de profil, de même type, avec une extrémité plus volumineuse se rétrécissant vers une extrémité relativement plus fine, par exemple sous la forme d'un triangle, d'un croisement entre lignes courbes et droites, etc. Les sections des écarteurs 5 sont avantageusement de forme semi-cylindrique circulaire ou en forme de U, de C, de trapèze, etc., du moment qu'elles sont coordonnées avec les formes géométriques correspondantes des moyens 4, 4' avec lesquels elles interagissent pour former un interstice bien rempli entre deux pavés 1 voisins et présentent des surfaces de contact suffisantes pour assurer leurs fonctions de blocage l'un contre l'autre. Ainsi deux demi-gouttes en forme de larmes opposées qui se font face (les deux doubles flèches dans l'interstice) assurent un blocage vertical grâce aux bases b (qui peuvent aussi être polygonales) et l'interaction de cette « demi-goutte » avec le demi-cylindre opposé représenté à la figure 8 (double flèche à l'extérieur de l'interstice) assure un blocage horizontal.There figure 8 shows this zone even more clearly, in the horizontal plane, zone with the characteristic geometric shapes preferred for said means 4, 4' in the shape of a half-drop of water in the shape of a teardrop, that is to say with an end of semi-circular section evolving, following a camber, towards the other opposite end in the shape of a half-point, or in other words like the profile of the upper surface of an airplane wing starting from one edge of attack rounded and extended with a camber to finish at the other end in a tapered trailing edge. We can also envisage any other similar shape of profile, of the same type, with a more voluminous end tapering towards a relatively finer end, for example in the form of a triangle, of a crossing between curved and straight lines, etc. . The sections of the spacers 5 are advantageously of circular semi-cylindrical shape or in the shape of U, C, trapezoid, etc., as long as they are coordinated with the corresponding geometric shapes of the means 4, 4' with which they interact to form a well-filled gap between two neighboring blocks 1 and have sufficient contact surfaces to ensure their blocking functions against each other. Thus two half-drops in the shape of opposing tears which face each other (the two double arrows in the gap) ensure vertical blocking thanks to the bases b (which can also be polygonal) and the interaction of this “half-drop” with the opposite half-cylinder shown in figure 8 (double arrow outside the gap) ensures horizontal blocking.

Il résulte de cette interpénétration que chaque moyen distanceur 4, 4' est à proximité ou en contact, par sa face bombée, d'une part avec un écarteur 5 opposé et, d'autre part, avec un bord longitudinal 2 ou transversal 3 opposé d'un pavé 1 voisin. Cette disposition et ces formes des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et des écarteurs 5, en saillie sur les bords transversaux 3 et les bords longitudinaux 2 des pavés 1 permet l'obtention d'une continuité linéaire des joints entre les pavés 1, lesdits moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et écarteurs 5 s'étendant entièrement dans l'espace de jointoiement entre les pavés 1.It results from this interpenetration that each spacer means 4, 4' is close to or in contact, via its convex face, on the one hand with an opposite spacer 5 and, on the other hand, with an opposite longitudinal edge 2 or transverse 3 of a neighboring block 1. This arrangement and these shapes of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5, projecting from the transverse edges 3 and the longitudinal edges 2 of the paving stones 1, makes it possible to obtain linear continuity of the joints between the paving stones 1, said means spacers 4, 4' and spacers 5 extending entirely into the jointing space between the paving stones 1.

De plus, l'interstice délimité entre les sommets en forme de tronc de pyramide ou de portion de tronc de cône des languettes p délimite un coin rempli de sable de jointoiement empêchant tout arrachage des pavés 1 posés.In addition, the gap delimited between the vertices in the form of a truncated pyramid or portion of a truncated cone of the tongues p delimits a corner filled with jointing sand preventing any tearing of the laid paving stones 1.

La formation de ce moyen d'auto-blocage résulte du fait qu'une tentative d'arrachement d'un pavé 1 a pour effet d'induire un déplacement du sable de jointoiement au niveau des écarteurs 5 et des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' qui a pour effet une compression simultanée du sable de jointoiement, cette compression s'effectuant, en fait, en cascade et aboutissant à un blocage total empêchant tout arrachement.The formation of this self-blocking means results from the fact that an attempt to tear off a paving stone 1 has the effect of inducing a movement of the jointing sand at the level of the spacers 5 and the spacer means 4, 4' which has the effect of simultaneous compression of the jointing sand, this compression taking place, in fact, in cascade and resulting in a total blockage preventing any tearing.

Du fait de la conformation et de la disposition avantageuse des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et des écarteurs 5, les pavés 1 posés sont entièrement en contact mutuel par leur base reposant sur le lit de pose, les interstices verticaux, entre les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et les écarteurs 5 de section (et/ou largeur) constante puis variable, remplis de sable de jointoiement permettant de parfaire encore davantage la tenue des pavés contre tout risque de ripage ou de basculement, qui pourrait entraîner une déstabilisation de l'ensemble de pavés posés.Due to the conformation and the advantageous arrangement of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5, the paving blocks 1 laid are entirely in mutual contact by their base resting on the laying bed, the vertical gaps, between the spacer means 4 , 4' and the spacers 5 of constant then variable section (and/or width), filled with jointing sand making it possible to further perfect the hold of the paving stones against any risk of shifting or tilting, which could lead to destabilization of the set of paving stones laid.

En outre, du fait du contact des bases des pavés 1 sur pratiquement toute leur longueur et toute leur largeur et de la pénétration des écarteurs 5 dans les moyens distanceurs 4, 4' un basculement initial des pavés, qui serait dû à un jeu initial au niveau desdites bases est rendu impossible, de sorte qu'un arrachement ou un descellement d'un pavé, par un effet de serrage complémentaire sur un côté lors d'une tentative d'arrachage ou suite à un effet de succion provoqué par une bande de roulement déplacée à vitesse élevée sur une surface ainsi pavée, est totalement évité. En effet, non seulement les pavés 1 ne peuvent pas se déplacer dans un plan horizontal, du fait, d'une part, de l'interpénétration des moyens distanceurs 4, 4' et des écarteurs 5 et, d'autre part, du fait du remplissage des interstices verticaux et notamment des canaux C par le sable de jointoiement, qui empêchent un pivotement des pavés 1 l'un par rapport à l'autre et, de la sorte, tout arrachement ou affaissement, notamment de manière mécanique.Furthermore, due to the contact of the bases of the blocks 1 over practically their entire length and their entire width and the penetration of the spacers 5 into the spacer means 4, 4', an initial tilting of the blocks, which would be due to an initial play at the level of said bases is made impossible, so that a tearing or loosening of a paving stone, by a complementary tightening effect on one side during an attempt to tear off or following a suction effect caused by a strip of rolling at high speed on a surface thus paved, is completely avoided. Indeed, not only cannot the blocks 1 move in a horizontal plane, due, on the one hand, to the interpenetration of the spacer means 4, 4' and the spacers 5 and, on the other hand, due to filling the vertical gaps and in particular the channels C with the jointing sand, which prevent the paving stones 1 from pivoting relative to each other and, thus, any tearing or sagging, particularly mechanically.

Grâce à l'invention, il est possible de réaliser un pavé en béton autobloquant permettant d'assurer un auto-blocage en position amélioré, tant dans le plan de la surface de pose que perpendiculairement à ce plan, c'est-à-dire évitant tout arrachage et tout affaissement dans des conditions de circulation, tout en permettant le drainage des eaux de ruissellement à l'assise. L'esthétique globale est également préservée voire améliorée comme le montrent les figures 6 et 7.Thanks to the invention, it is possible to produce a self-locking concrete paver making it possible to ensure improved self-blocking in position, both in the plane of the laying surface and perpendicular to this plane, that is to say avoiding any tearing and any subsidence in traffic conditions, while allowing the drainage of runoff water at the base. The overall aesthetic is also preserved or even improved as shown in the figures 6 And 7 .

En outre, ce pavé 1 peut être réalisé par mise en oeuvre des techniques de moulage habituelles, c'est-à-dire avec utilisation d'un moule simple, monobloc, et la pose est également réalisable de manière simple, rapide et économique.In addition, this paving stone 1 can be produced by using usual molding techniques, that is to say with the use of a simple, one-piece mold, and installation is also possible in a simple, rapid and economical manner.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et représenté aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments ou par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, particularly from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements or by substitution of technical equivalents, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. Self-locking concrete paving block (1) provided on its longitudinal (2) and transverse (3) edges with distancing means (4, 4') and with spacers (5), said spacers (5) cooperating, by shape, with the same distancing means (4, 4') of the adjacent same paving blocks (1) during interpenetration of said paving blocks (1) in the laid position, so that between two mutually-consecutive spacing means (5) on the one same edge of said paving block (1) there are two distancing means (4, 4') of the same asymmetric shape facing one another, characterized in that
    said distancing means (4, 4') are each constituted firstly by a first vertical-tongue portion (p1) with a polygonal base (b), in the form of a half-teardrop, in the form of a teardrop or in the form of the cross section of the upper surface of an aeroplane wing, projecting outwards from the edge of the paving block (1) and the dimensions of which are constant over a height h starting from the base of the paving block (1),
    then by a second vertical-tongue portion (p2) extending said first portion (p1) over a height portion H and the dimensions of the profile of the cross section of the base (b) of which decrease towards the top of the paving block (1) so as to form a vertical overall tongue (p) in the form of a truncated pyramid or of a truncated cone portion,
    and in that the two distancing means (4, 4') face towards one another with their widest or largest ends facing one another such that their internal edges delimit a funnel -shaped vertical channel (C) of height h+H, widening towards the top of the paving block (1) in order to receive a projecting spacer (5) of the same type of paving block (1) to be assembled therewith.
  2. Paving block (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the distancing means (4, 4') and the spacers (5) have a height which is less than that of the paving block (1), their top preferably extending below the level of the upper edge of said paving block (1).
  3. Paving block (1) according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacers (5) of each longitudinal (2) and transverse (3) edge have a cross section which is constant from the base of the paving block (1) towards the upper end of the spacer (5), thus determining, with the channel (C) delimited between the overall tongues (p) of the corresponding distancing means (4, 4'), a vertical gap forming a space for pointing with sand, which space has a cross section which is progressive from the lower face of the paving blocks (1) towards their upper face, producing auto-compression under a pull-out or settlement force.
  4. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a distancing means (4') that is partially truncated in the vertical direction but has its internal face intact is provided at one end of each longitudinal (2) or transverse (3) edge.
  5. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the height h represents between 5 and 15% of the total height H+h.
  6. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the spacers (5) have an upper free edge of rounded or chamfered shape.
  7. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the distancing means (4, 4') have overall tongues (p) the upper free edge of which is of rounded or chamfered shape.
  8. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the spacers (5) have a cross section of semicircular shape.
  9. Paving block (1) according to any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the distancing means (4, 4') and the spacers (5) have the same or substantially the same height.
  10. Paving block (1) according to Claim 9, characterized in that the height of the distancing means (4, 4') and of the spacers (5) is comprised between 80% and 90% of the total height of a paving block (1) of constant height and having a planar upper surface.
EP21191206.8A 2020-08-18 2021-08-13 Self-locking concrete paving bloc Active EP3957794B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2008548A FR3113500B1 (en) 2020-08-18 2020-08-18 Advanced self-locking concrete paver

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EP3957794A1 EP3957794A1 (en) 2022-02-23
EP3957794B1 true EP3957794B1 (en) 2024-02-21

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EP (1) EP3957794B1 (en)
FR (1) FR3113500B1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10005345A1 (en) * 2000-02-08 2001-08-09 Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte Paving stone or paving slab made of concrete
DE20201877U1 (en) 2002-02-07 2002-05-29 Kombilith Gmbh Entwicklung & Verwertung Artificial stone for paving
FR2841915B1 (en) 2002-07-08 2008-06-20 Bock Heinrich Et Cie Ets AUTOBLOATING CONCRETE PAVE
ES2526590T3 (en) 2011-05-23 2015-01-13 Etablissements Heinrich Bock Et Cie S.P.A.S. Concrete paver with self-locking
FR3010095B1 (en) * 2013-09-05 2016-02-12 Bock Heinrich Et Cie Ets PERFECTLY PERFECTIONED CONCRETE PAVE
DE102018105218A1 (en) * 2018-03-07 2019-09-12 Braun Steine Gmbh Form stone and kit with molded bricks

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FR3113500A1 (en) 2022-02-25
EP3957794A1 (en) 2022-02-23
FR3113500B1 (en) 2023-11-17

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