EP3947937A1 - Système de refroidissement de turboréacteur pour aéronef - Google Patents
Système de refroidissement de turboréacteur pour aéronefInfo
- Publication number
- EP3947937A1 EP3947937A1 EP20713645.8A EP20713645A EP3947937A1 EP 3947937 A1 EP3947937 A1 EP 3947937A1 EP 20713645 A EP20713645 A EP 20713645A EP 3947937 A1 EP3947937 A1 EP 3947937A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- circulation
- transfer fluid
- heat transfer
- cooling system
- turbojet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005465 channeling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/14—Cooling of plants of fluids in the plant, e.g. lubricant or fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/12—Cooling of plants
- F02C7/16—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium
- F02C7/18—Cooling of plants characterised by cooling medium the medium being gaseous, e.g. air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C9/00—Controlling gas-turbine plants; Controlling fuel supply in air- breathing jet-propulsion plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/32—Application in turbines in gas turbines
- F05D2220/323—Application in turbines in gas turbines for aircraft propulsion, e.g. jet engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/20—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling
- F05D2260/213—Heat transfer, e.g. cooling by the provision of a heat exchanger within the cooling circuit
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/60—Efficient propulsion technologies, e.g. for aircraft
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of aircraft turbojet cooling systems.
- An aircraft is propelled by one or more propulsion units each comprising a turbojet engine housed in a nacelle.
- Each propulsion unit is attached to the aircraft by a mast generally located under or on a wing or at the level of the fuselage of the aircraft.
- a turbojet can also be called an engine.
- engine and turbojet will be used interchangeably.
- a nacelle generally has a tubular structure comprising an upstream section comprising an air inlet upstream of the turbojet engine, a middle section intended to surround a fan of the turbojet engine, a downstream section capable of housing thrust reversal means and intended to surround the engine. combustion chamber of the turbojet, and is generally terminated by an ejection nozzle whose outlet is located downstream of the turbojet.
- a nacelle usually comprises an external structure comprising a fixed part and a movable part (thrust reverser means), and a fixed internal structure, called the Inner Fixed Structure (IFS), concentric with the external structure.
- IFS Inner Fixed Structure
- the fixed internal structure surrounds the core of the turbojet engine behind the fan.
- These external and internal structures define an annular flow stream, also called a secondary stream, aimed at channeling a flow of cold air, called secondary, which circulates outside the turbojet.
- the external structure comprises an external fairing defining an external aerodynamic surface, and an internal fairing defining an internal aerodynamic surface, the internal and external fairings being connected upstream by a leading edge wall forming an air intake lip.
- the turbojet comprises a set of blades (compressor and possibly fan or non-ducted propeller) driven in rotation by a gas generator through a set of transmission means.
- a turbojet engine controller called EEC (Electronic Engine Controller) or FADEC (Full Authority Digital Engine Controller) controls the engine during various flight phases of the aircraft.
- the different flight phases of an aircraft are taxiing, the fixed point before takeoff, aborted takeoff or takeoff, climb, cruise, descent, approach, landing, aborted landing, and braking with reverse thrust.
- a lubricant distribution system is provided in the turbojet to ensure good lubrication of these transmission means and to cool them.
- the lubricant is oil. In the remainder of the description, the terms lubricant and oil will be used interchangeably.
- a cooling system comprising a heat exchanger cools the lubricant.
- cooling systems comprising an air / oil exchanger using cold air taken from the secondary stream of the nacelle or from one of the first compressor stages to cool the oil of the turbojet.
- Such an exchanger is a finned exchanger. It has fins in the cold air flow which disrupt the flow of the air flow in the secondary duct or in the compressor, which leads to pressure losses (drag), and therefore performance losses for the aircraft in terms of fuel consumption (parameter FB (Fuel Burn)).
- cooling systems comprising an air / oil exchanger using cold air taken from outside the nacelle by a scoop placed on the outer fairing of the nacelle, the cold air being circulated through the nacelle.
- 'exchanger and can be used for defrosting the nacelle, once heated by the lubricant, by circulation in conduits arranged in contact with the walls of the external structure of the nacelle, for example at the level of the air inlet lip.
- Such a cooling system allows better control of the heat energy exchanged, but the presence of scoops in the external fairing of the nacelle causes a loss of aerodynamic performance, in the same way as a finned heat exchanger, and therefore losses of air. performance for the aircraft in terms of fuel consumption (parameter FB (Fuel Burn)).
- Such cooling systems must make it possible to cool the turbojet as a function of the needs of the turbojet, which may vary according to the different phases of flight.
- the invention relates to a cooling system for a turbojet for an aircraft of the type comprising a turbojet engine and a nacelle having an external structure comprising an external fairing defining an external aerodynamic surface, and an internal fairing defining an internal aerodynamic surface, the cooling system comprising: - At least a first exchanger, called hot source exchanger, between a coolant and a turbojet lubricant,
- At least one second exchanger called a cold source exchanger, between the heat transfer fluid and the air, and
- said heat transfer fluid circulation duct comprising at least one portion forming the cold source exchanger intended to be placed in the nacelle in contact with the internal and / or external fairing of the nacelle, the cooling system being characterized in that it comprises at least one means of regulating the heat taken from the lubricant of the turbojet, controlled by a control module of the regulating means intended to receive information according to the different phases of flight.
- the information according to the different flight phases is received indirectly by the control module.
- the information according to the various flight phases is received by a controller of the turbojet engine and then transmitted to the control module.
- the cold source exchanger is a surface exchanger.
- the means for regulating the heat taken from the lubricant of the turbojet engine is a means for regulating the cooling system. It makes it possible to regulate the heat exchange between the lubricant and the heat transfer fluid in the hot source exchanger and / or the heat exchange between the heat transfer fluid and the air in the cold source exchanger.
- the cooling system is able to operate in an adapted manner according to the needs of the different flight phases, that is to say to dissipate the heat of the turbojet lubricant thanks to the coolant cooled by the cold source heat exchanger integrated into the engine.
- the nacelle according to its needs for each of the flight phases, which ensures its operation without degrading the availability of the turbojet.
- the cooling system of the invention comprises one or more of the following optional characteristics considered alone or in all possible combinations.
- the portion of the circulation duct intended to be placed in the nacelle in contact with the internal and / or external fairing is intended to be structural with the internal and / or external fairing of the nacelle.
- the means for regulating the heat taken from the lubricant of the turbojet engine comprises a means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the coolant, such as a mechanical pump.
- the means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is advantageously intended to take the mechanical power necessary to ensure the flow rate of circulation to a shaft driven by the turbojet, for example at an outlet of an accessory box ( AGB) of the turbojet.
- the control module of the means for mechanical regulation of the heat transfer fluid circulation flow rate is a reducing member arranged between the mechanical control means of the heat transfer fluid circulation flow rate and an accessory box outlet (AGB) of the turbojet.
- the information received by the control module of the means for mechanically regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid is the temperature and / or the pressure and / or the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid and / or the temperature of the lubricant.
- the cooling system then further comprises a temperature sensor and / or a pressure sensor and / or a coolant flow sensor, arranged in the heat transfer fluid circulation duct, and / or a lubricant temperature sensor, arranged in a lubricant circulation duct.
- the speed of the turbojet is variable according to the different phases of flight of the aircraft.
- the control module of the means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid makes it possible to control the means for mechanical regulation of the flow rate of flow of the heat transfer fluid according to the flight phases of the aircraft.
- the means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a constant flow rate during the various phases of flight.
- the means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a variable flow rate during the different flight phases, the flow rate being constant within the same flight phase.
- the means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a variable flow rate during the different flight phases, the flow rate being regulated in real time according to the information received by the controller of the turbojet engine. .
- the means for regulating the heat taken from the lubricant of the turbojet engine comprises means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid comprising an electric motor, such as an electric pump.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is advantageously intended to draw the electrical power necessary to ensure the flow rate of circulation to an electrical source originating either from the aircraft or from the turbojet.
- the cooling system comprises a power module intended to take the electrical power necessary to ensure the flow of circulation to an electrical source coming either from the aircraft or from the turbojet, the power module being controlled by the module.
- control means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
- the power module can be a simple switching device (semiconductor switch or electromechanical switch) or else made up of one or more power conversion stages (AC / DC rectifier and DC / AC inverter for example).
- control module of the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the coolant fluid is housed by a component of the turbojet such as a controlling member of the turbojet (EEC).
- the controller of the turbojet engine is intended to control both the turbojet engine and the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid.
- control module of the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the coolant fluid is a control module dedicated to the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the coolant fluid, said module being controlled by a member of the turbojet such as a control member of the turbojet.
- the power module is housed by a component of the turbojet, such as a controlling member of the turbojet (EEC) or any other electronic equipment of the turbojet.
- a component of the turbojet such as a controlling member of the turbojet (EEC) or any other electronic equipment of the turbojet.
- the power module is dedicated to the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
- the information received by the control module of the means for electrically regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid is the temperature and / or the pressure and / or the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid and / or the temperature of the lubricant.
- the cooling system then further comprises a temperature sensor and / or a pressure sensor and / or a coolant flow sensor, arranged in the heat transfer fluid circulation duct, and / or a lubricant temperature sensor, arranged in a lubricant circulation duct.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is an electric pump with an electric motor of the asynchronous or synchronous or BLDC (Brushless DC) or direct current type.
- the control module of the electric pump is of the digital or analog type, and is able to control the power module to ensure a function of slaving the speed of rotation of the pump.
- the electric motor and the power module are polyphase.
- the number of electrical phases of the motor is in particular greater than three, this characteristic allows a certain tolerance to failure, which therefore makes it possible to improve the operational availability of the cooling system.
- the power module is controlled by several control modules of the means for electrically regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid, which are independent.
- independent is meant functionally independent and electrically segregated from one another.
- the cooling system then advantageously comprises an electrical switching device making it possible to select one or other of the control modules of the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
- a dispatcher is inherently very available.
- the cooling system comprises several electrical means for regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid mounted in parallel in the circulation pipe for the heat transfer fluid, each means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid comprising a power module independent, controlled by a control module dedicated to the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the coolant, the control module being controlled by a controlling member of the turbojet.
- independent is meant functionally independent and electrically segregated.
- these means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid, arranged in parallel are controlled in active / active mode, that is to say they are all operational at an instant T and share the total flow to be provided.
- the electrical means for regulating the flow rate of circulation of the functional heat transfer fluid ensure the excess flow rate not supplied by the faulty one.
- these means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid are controlled in active / inactive mode (or “stand by” in English terminology), that is to say only one means regulation electrical flow of the circulation of the heat transfer fluid is active at a time T while the others are inactive and are activated in the event of failure of the electrical control means of the flow of circulation of the active coolant.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a constant flow rate during the various phases of flight.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a variable flow rate during the different flight phases, the flow rate being constant within the same flight phase.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid is intended to ensure a variable flow rate during the various flight phases, the flow rate being regulated in real time according to the information received by the controller of the turbojet engine. .
- cooling systems are subject to thermal, vibratory, pressure at altitude, etc. stresses. linked to the harsh environment in which the turbojet nacelle operates throughout the flight phases. In particular, under the effect of temperature, the heat transfer fluid expands. The cooling system must thus be able to accommodate this variation in volume occupied by the heat transfer fluid.
- the cooling system comprises an expansion vessel making it possible to accommodate the variation in volume occupied by the heat transfer fluid.
- the expansion vessel is closed.
- the pressure in the expansion vessel is directly related to the volume occupied by the coolant in the expansion vessel. This characteristic advantageously makes it possible to control a maximum and / or minimum pressure in certain portions of the heat transfer fluid circulation duct by acting only on the capacity (volume) of the reservoir.
- the pressure is limited in certain portions, for example in the cold source exchanger, which makes it possible to avoid a bursting of the heat transfer fluid circulation duct, and a minimum pressure is ensured in other portions, such as for example at the inlet of the means for regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid.
- a means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid is integrated into the expansion vessel. This saves space, in order to facilitate the integration of the cooling system into the aerodynamic lines of the nacelle.
- the cooling system according to the invention makes it possible to meet dimensioning requirements so as to be able to be integrated into the aerodynamic lines of the nacelle.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow of heat transfer fluid is immersed in the expansion vessel.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow of heat transfer fluid is integrated into a wall of the expansion vessel.
- the means for electrically regulating the flow of heat transfer fluid is removable.
- the means for regulating the heat taken from the lubricant is a load shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the heat transfer fluid, so that it does not circulate or circulate with a partial flow rate in the exchanger. hot spring.
- the shedding member is arranged in the closed loop, between the hot source exchanger and the cold source exchanger.
- the unballasting member is a valve arranged in a conduit parallel to the hot source exchanger.
- the means for regulating the heat taken from the lubricant is a shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the lubricant, so that it does not circulate or circulate with a partial flow in the source exchanger. hot.
- the shedding member is arranged in a lubricant circulation duct.
- the unballasting member is a valve arranged in a conduit parallel to the hot source exchanger.
- the cooling system comprises a shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the heat transfer fluid, so that it does not circulate or circulates with a partial flow rate in the hot source exchanger, and a member load shedding capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the lubricant, so that it does not circulate or circulates with a partial flow rate in the hot source exchanger.
- the cooling system comprises a means for mechanical or electrical regulation of the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid and a load shedding member capable of diverting the flow of the heat transfer fluid and / or the lubricant, so that it does not circulate or circulate. with a partial flow in the hot source exchanger.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising a means for mechanically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid;
- FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of coolant according to a first embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of heat transfer fluid according to a second embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid according to a third embodiment of the invention
- FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of heat transfer fluid according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
- FIG. 7A is a curve illustrating a first mode of operation of the regulating means of FIGS. 1 to 6;
- FIG. 7B is a curve illustrating a second mode of operation of the regulating means of FIGS. 1 to 6;
- FIG. 7C is a curve illustrating a third mode of operation of the regulating means of FIGS. 1 to 6;
- FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising a load shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the heat transfer fluid;
- FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a cooling system comprising a load shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the lubricant;
- FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the cooling system of FIG. 2 comprising two cold source exchangers
- FIG. 11A is a schematic view illustrating a first variant of an expansion vessel comprising means for electrically regulating the flow rate of the heat transfer fluid
- FIG. 11B is a schematic view illustrating a second variant of an expansion vessel comprising means for electrically regulating the heat transfer fluid circulation flow rate.
- FIG. 1 represents a cooling system 10 for lubricant H for an aircraft turbojet.
- the cooling system 10 comprises a first exchanger 12, called hot source exchanger, between a coolant C and the lubricant H, a second exchanger 14, called cold source exchanger, between the coolant C and air F, and a circulation pipe 15 of coolant C in a closed circuit.
- the cooling system 10 comprises, on the circulation pipe 15 for the coolant C, an expansion vessel 32 and a mechanical pump 22.
- the expansion vessel 32 is closed so that its volume is linked to the pressure of the circulation duct 15 of the coolant C.
- the choice of the volume of the expansion vessel makes it possible not to exceed a maximum pressure in certain portions of the circulation pipe 15 of the coolant C, typically between 5 and 10 bars maximum in the hot source and / or cold source exchangers when the heat transfer fluid has a temperature between 50 and 150 ° C.
- the choice of the volume of the expansion vessel makes it possible to ensure a minimum pressure in certain portions of the circulation duct 15 of the coolant C, typically between 0 and 1 bar minimum at the pump inlet when the coolant has a temperature between -55 ° C and 0 ° C.
- the mechanical pump 22 comprises a mechanical shaft 16 intended to be driven by an accessory box outlet 17 (AGB) of the turbojet via a reduction member 17 '.
- the accessory box 17 is a component of the turbojet engine.
- the outlet of the accessory box 17 is driven according to the speed of the turbojet engine which varies according to the different phases of flight.
- the mechanical pump 22 is a means of regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid C in the circulation duct 15, and more precisely a means of mechanical regulation of the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid C in the circulation duct 15.
- the mechanical pump 22 is a means of regulating the heat taken from the lubricant H of the turbojet.
- the accessory box 17 is a source of mechanical power.
- the reduction member 17 ' is a control module for the mechanical pump 22, which makes it possible to control the mechanical pump 22 according to the speed of the turbojet engine which varies according to the different phases of flight.
- the reduction member 17 ' is controlled by a control unit 26 (EEC) of the turbojet.
- EEC control unit 26
- the controller of the turbojet performs a function of regulating the mechanical pump.
- Temperature sensors 18 of the coolant C and pressure 20 are arranged in the circulation duct 15 of the coolant C.
- a temperature sensor 19 of the lubricant H is disposed in a circulation duct of the lubricant H.
- the sensors temperature 18, 19 of the coolant C and of the lubricant H, and the pressure sensor 20, send information I to the controller 26 of the turbojet which is able to control the reduction member 17 'as a function of all or part of this information I, during the various phases of flight.
- the turbojet engine controller 26 establishes control orders to the reduction member 17 ', as a function of the heat dissipation needs of the turbojet engine, these needs being variable depending on the flight phase.
- the expansion vessel 32 further comprises a pressure sensor 34 intended to return information I to the control member of the turbojet 26.
- the pressure sensor 20 is arranged in the circulation pipe 15 of the heat transfer fluid C, at the outlet of the pump 22 ', the temperature sensor 18 of the heat transfer fluid C is arranged in the heat transfer pipe.
- circulation 15 of the coolant C, at the outlet of the hot source exchanger 12, and the temperature sensor 19 of the lubricant H is arranged in a lubricant circulation duct, at the outlet of the hot source exchanger 12.
- the cooling system comprises a pressure sensor at the pump inlet.
- the cooling system comprises a pressure sensor at the outlet and at the pump inlet.
- the reduction member 17 ' is therefore intended to receive information according to the different flight phases, via the turbojet engine controller 26.
- the reduction member 17 ' is part of the turbojet.
- the control module of the mechanical pump 22 is housed by a component of the turbojet.
- the reduction member 17 ′ may have a fixed or variable reduction ratio.
- FIG. 2 represents a cooling system 10 'comprising an electric pump 22' according to a first embodiment.
- the electric pump 22 ' comprises an electric motor 27.
- the electric pump 22 ′ is a means of regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid C in the circulation duct 15, and more precisely a means of electric regulation of the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid C in the circulation duct 15.
- the electric pump 22 ' is a means of regulating the heat taken from the lubricant H of the turbojet.
- the cooling system 10 comprises a power module 28 supplied by an electrical source 29 coming from the turbojet or from the aircraft and a control module 24 of the power module 28.
- the power module 28 is intended to take the electrical power necessary to ensure the flow of circulation to the electrical source 29.
- the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' is able to control the power module 28 to ensure the control and the power supply of the electric pump 22'.
- the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' is controlled by a controller 26 (EEC) of the turbojet.
- EEC controller 26
- the controller of the turbojet performs a function of regulating the speed of rotation of the pump.
- Temperature sensors 18 of the coolant C and pressure 20 are arranged in the circulation duct 15 of the coolant C.
- a temperature sensor 19 of the lubricant H is disposed in a circulation duct of the lubricant H.
- the sensors temperature 18, 19 of the coolant C and of the lubricant H, and the pressure sensor 20, send information I to the controller 26 of the turbojet engine which is able to control the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 'in depending on all or part of this information I, during the various phases of flight.
- the controller 26 of the turbojet engine establishes control orders to the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ', as a function of the heat dissipation needs of the turbojet, these needs being variable depending on the phase of flight.
- the expansion vessel 32 further comprises a pressure sensor 34 intended to return information I to the control member of the turbojet 26.
- the pressure sensor 20 is arranged in the circulation pipe 15 of the heat transfer fluid C, at the outlet of the pump 22 ', the temperature sensor 18 of the heat transfer fluid C is arranged in the heat transfer pipe.
- circulation 15 of the coolant C, at the outlet of the hot source exchanger 12, and the temperature sensor 19 of the lubricant H is arranged in a lubricant circulation duct, at the outlet of the hot source exchanger 12.
- the cooling system comprises a pressure sensor at the pump inlet.
- the cooling system comprises a pressure sensor at the outlet and at the pump inlet.
- control module 24 and the power module 28 of the electric pump 22 ' are modules dedicated to the electric pump 22'.
- FIG. 3 represents a cooling system 10 'comprising an electric pump 22' according to a second embodiment.
- control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' is housed by the controller 26 of the turbojet.
- the controller 26 of the turbojet performs a function of controlling the turbojet and a function of controlling the electric pump 22 '.
- the power module 28 is dedicated to the electric pump 22 '. It provides an electrical power supply function for the pump 22 '.
- FIG. 4 represents a cooling system 10 'comprising an electric pump 22' according to a third embodiment.
- control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' is housed by the controller unit 26 of the turbojet and the power module 28 is housed by a member 25 of the turbojet.
- the power module 28 and the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' are housed by the controller 26 of the turbojet.
- FIG. 5 shows a cooling system 10 "comprising an electric pump 22" according to a fourth embodiment.
- the electric motor 27 and the power module 28 of the electric pump 22 "are polyphase.
- This embodiment is therefore an interesting compromise between improving the availability of the cooling system 10 "and the mass of the cooling system.
- the power module 28 and the electric pump 22" are not duplicated.
- the cooling system 10 “comprises two control modules 24a, 24b of the electric pump 22", independent, and the cooling system 10 "comprises an electrical switching device 30 making it possible to select one or the other of the control modules 24a, 24b of the electric pump 22 ".
- FIG. 6 represents a cooling system 10 ′ ′′ comprising two electric pumps 22 ′ a, 22 ′ b, mounted in parallel in the circulation duct 15 of the heat transfer fluid C, each pump comprising an electric motor 27 a, 27 b.
- each pump 22'a, 22'b comprises a power module 28a, 28b, and a control module 24a, 24b, independent, dedicated to the electric pump, the control modules 24a, 24b being controlled by the turbojet engine controller 26.
- Each power module 28a, 28b is supplied by an electric source 29a, 29b.
- each pump 22'a, 22'b comprises a power module 28a, 28b, independent, dedicated to the electric pump 22'a, 22'b, and a control module 24a, 24b, independent, hosted by the turbojet engine controller 26.
- each pump 22'a, 22'b comprises an independent power module 28a, 28b, housed by a member 25 of the turbojet or the controller of the turbojet 26, and a control module 24 housed by the turbojet engine controller 26.
- FIG. 7A shows that the means for regulating the heat withdrawn from the lubricant is provided by a means for regulating the circulation flow rate of the heat transfer fluid C.
- This regulation is provided by an all or nothing type supply of the mechanical or electrical pump 22. 22 ', 22 ", 22'a, 22'b, the pump delivering a constant flow rate during the various phases of flight when it is powered.
- the regulation of the circulation flow rate of the coolant C is ensured by a variable flow rate during the different flight phases, the flow rate being constant within the same flight phase.
- the regulation of the circulation flow rate of the coolant C is ensured by a variable flow rate during the various flight phases, the flow rate being regulated in real time according to the information I received by the controller unit of the turbojet 26.
- FIG. 8 illustrates a cooling system 100 comprising a load shedding member 36 capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the coolant C, so that it does not circulate or circulate with a partial flow in the hot source exchanger 12 , the unloading member 36 being a bypass valve arranged in the closed loop the circulation pipe 15 for the coolant C, between the hot source exchanger 12 and the cold source exchanger 14.
- bypass valve is arranged in a conduit parallel to the hot source exchanger 12.
- the bypass valve 36 is a load shedding member capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the heat transfer fluid. It is a means of regulating the heat taken from the lubricant H.
- the cooling system 100 of this embodiment further comprises an expansion vessel as described with regard to FIG. 1, an electric pump 22 'as described with regard to FIG. 2, as well as temperature sensors and pressure as described with regard to Figure 2.
- the control module 24 of the electric pump 22 ' is also intended to control the bypass valve 36.
- the bypass valve 36 is a passive member of the thermostatic valve type or an active member of the solenoid valve type.
- control module dedicated to the bypass valve which makes it possible to control the bypass valve 36.
- FIG. 9 illustrates a cooling system 100 ′ comprising a load shedding member 36 ′ capable of at least partially deflecting the circulation of the lubricant H, so that it does not circulate or circulate with a partial flow in the hot source exchanger. 12, the unloading member 36 'being a bypass valve arranged in the lubricant H circulating duct.
- the bypass valve 36 ' is a passive member of the thermostatic valve type or an active member of the solenoid valve type.
- FIG. 10 illustrates the cooling system 10 ′ of lubricant H of FIG. 2 comprising two cold source exchangers 14a, 14b arranged in parallel.
- FIG. 11A illustrates a first variant of an expansion vessel 32 'comprising an electric pump 22' as means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of coolant C.
- the expansion vessel 32 ' is filled with a certain volume of coolant C thus leaving a gaseous sky 38 in the expansion vessel 32'. It has an inlet 32a for coolant C and an outlet 32b for coolant C.
- FIG. 11B illustrates a second variant of an expansion vessel 32 '' comprising an electric pump 22 'as means for electrically regulating the flow rate of circulation of the heat transfer fluid.
- the 32 ”expansion tank is filled with a certain volume of heat transfer fluid C, thus leaving a gas sky 38 in the 32” expansion tank. It has an inlet 32a for coolant C and an outlet 32b for coolant C.
- the electric pump 22 'and its electric motor 27 are integrated into a wall of the expansion vessel 32', so that the electric pump 22 'and its electric motor 27 are removable.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1903544A FR3094749B1 (fr) | 2019-04-03 | 2019-04-03 | Système de refroidissement de turboréacteur pour aéronef |
PCT/EP2020/058629 WO2020201032A1 (fr) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-26 | Système de refroidissement de turboréacteur pour aéronef |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP3947937A1 true EP3947937A1 (fr) | 2022-02-09 |
Family
ID=67262704
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP20713645.8A Pending EP3947937A1 (fr) | 2019-04-03 | 2020-03-26 | Système de refroidissement de turboréacteur pour aéronef |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20220025816A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3947937A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113677881A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3094749B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020201032A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4263786A (en) * | 1979-07-10 | 1981-04-28 | The Boeing Company | Fuel conserving air-conditioning apparatus and method for aircraft |
US6836086B1 (en) * | 2002-03-08 | 2004-12-28 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Controlled starting system for a gas turbine engine |
FR2914365B1 (fr) * | 2007-03-28 | 2012-05-18 | Airbus France | Systeme de refroidissement et de regulation en temperature d'equipements d'un ensemble propulsif d'aeronef. |
US7984606B2 (en) * | 2008-11-03 | 2011-07-26 | Propulsion, Gas Turbine, And Energy Evaluations, Llc | Systems and methods for thermal management in a gas turbine powerplant |
US7997062B2 (en) * | 2009-01-29 | 2011-08-16 | Pratt & Whitney Canada Corp. | Dual channel regulated fuel-oil heat exchanger |
US20110036098A1 (en) * | 2009-08-17 | 2011-02-17 | General Electric Company | Self-regulating cooling water system for intercooled gas turbine engines |
US8666632B2 (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2014-03-04 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Distributed aircraft engine fuel system |
FR2987602B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-02 | 2014-02-28 | Aircelle Sa | Nacelle de turbomoteur equipe d'un echangeur de chaleur |
FR2993610B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-19 | 2014-07-11 | Snecma | Refroidissement du circuit d'huile d'une turbomachine |
FR3027624B1 (fr) * | 2014-10-27 | 2019-04-19 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Circuit de degivrage d'une levre d'entree d'air d'un ensemble propulsif d'aeronef |
FR3034464B1 (fr) * | 2015-04-03 | 2017-03-24 | Snecma | Refroidissement du circuit d'huile d'une turbomachine |
FR3041703B1 (fr) * | 2015-09-29 | 2019-08-16 | Safran Nacelles | Dispositif de degivrage pour levre d’entree d’air de nacelle de turboreacteur d’aeronef |
FR3054856B1 (fr) * | 2016-08-03 | 2018-09-07 | Airbus Operations Sas | Turbomachine comportant un systeme de gestion thermique |
US11125165B2 (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2021-09-21 | General Electric Company | Thermal management system |
-
2019
- 2019-04-03 FR FR1903544A patent/FR3094749B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-26 EP EP20713645.8A patent/EP3947937A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-03-26 WO PCT/EP2020/058629 patent/WO2020201032A1/fr unknown
- 2020-03-26 CN CN202080027783.6A patent/CN113677881A/zh active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-10-04 US US17/492,783 patent/US20220025816A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20220025816A1 (en) | 2022-01-27 |
WO2020201032A1 (fr) | 2020-10-08 |
CN113677881A (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
FR3094749A1 (fr) | 2020-10-09 |
FR3094749B1 (fr) | 2021-11-19 |
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