EP3946691A1 - Filtre à particules à activité catalytique - Google Patents

Filtre à particules à activité catalytique

Info

Publication number
EP3946691A1
EP3946691A1 EP19715055.0A EP19715055A EP3946691A1 EP 3946691 A1 EP3946691 A1 EP 3946691A1 EP 19715055 A EP19715055 A EP 19715055A EP 3946691 A1 EP3946691 A1 EP 3946691A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxide
coating
oxygen storage
filter
rhodium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19715055.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jan Schoenhaber
Naina DEIBEL
Martin Roesch
Joerg-Michael Richter
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Umicore AG and Co KG
Original Assignee
Umicore AG and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Umicore AG and Co KG filed Critical Umicore AG and Co KG
Publication of EP3946691A1 publication Critical patent/EP3946691A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
    • B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
    • B01D53/9445—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC]
    • B01D53/945—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or nitrogen oxides making use of three-way catalysts [TWC] or four-way-catalysts [FWC] characterised by a specific catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/10—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of rare earths
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/464—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/54—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/56—Platinum group metals
    • B01J23/63—Platinum group metals with rare earths or actinides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/022—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F01N3/0222—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters characterised by specially adapted filtering structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous the structure being monolithic, e.g. honeycombs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
    • F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/101—Three-way catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2803—Construction of catalytic reactors characterised by structure, by material or by manufacturing of catalyst support
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1023—Palladium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
    • B01D2255/1025—Rhodium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
    • B01D2255/2061—Yttrium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
    • B01D2255/2063—Lanthanum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
    • B01D2255/2066—Praseodymium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
    • B01D2255/209—Other metals
    • B01D2255/2092—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/40—Mixed oxides
    • B01D2255/407—Zr-Ce mixed oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/902—Multilayered catalyst
    • B01D2255/9022—Two layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/908—O2-storage component incorporated in the catalyst
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2255/00—Catalysts
    • B01D2255/90—Physical characteristics of catalysts
    • B01D2255/915—Catalyst supported on particulate filters
    • B01D2255/9155—Wall flow filters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
    • B01D2258/014—Stoichiometric gasoline engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2279/00—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses
    • B01D2279/30—Filters adapted for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours specially modified for specific uses for treatment of exhaust gases from IC Engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/06—Ceramic, e.g. monoliths
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2330/00—Structure of catalyst support or particle filter
    • F01N2330/30—Honeycomb supports characterised by their structural details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
    • F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
    • F01N2510/068—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction characterised by the distribution of the catalytic coatings

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a catalytically active particle filter which is particularly suitable for the removal of particles, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines operated with a stoichiometric air / fuel mixture.
  • Exhaust gases from internal combustion engines operated with a stoichiometric air / fuel mixture ie gasoline engines, are cleaned in conventional processes with the aid of three-way catalytic converters. These are able to convert the three essential gaseous pollutants of the engine, namely hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides, into harmless components at the same time.
  • the exhaust gas from gasoline engines also contains the finest particles (PM), which result from the incomplete combustion of the fuel and which essentially consist of soot.
  • PM finest particles
  • the particles in the exhaust gas of stoichiometrically operated internal combustion engines are very small and have an average particle size of less than 1 ⁇ m. Typical particle sizes are in the range from 10 to 200 nm.
  • the amount of particles emitted is very small and ranges from 2 to 4 mg / km.
  • the European emissions standard EU-6c is linked to a change in the limit value for such particles from the particulate mass limit value to a more critical particle number limit value of 6 x 10 11 / km (in the Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle - WLTP). This creates a need for exhaust gas cleaning concepts for stoichiometrically operated internal combustion engines that include effectively working devices for removing particles.
  • Wall-flow filters made of ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, aluminum titanate and cordierite have proven themselves in the area of cleaning exhaust gas from lean-burn engines, in particular diesel engines. These are made up of a large number of parallel channels that are formed by porous walls. The channels are mutually closed at one of the two ends of the filter, so that channels A are formed which are open on the first side of the filter and closed on the second side of the filter, and channels B which are closed on the first side of the filter and are open on the second side of the filter.
  • Exhaust gas flowing into channels A can only leave the filter via channels B, and for this purpose must flow through the porous walls between channels A and B. When the exhaust gas passes through the wall, the particles are retained and the exhaust gas is cleaned.
  • the wall flow filter is provided with catalytically active coatings that lower the ignition temperature of soot.
  • EP 1 657 410 A2 also already describes a combination of both types of coating, i.e. part of the catalytically active material is present in the porous walls and another part on the porous walls.
  • a wall flow filter carries two layers arranged one above the other, one in the porous wall and the other on the porous wall can be arranged.
  • porous filter walls contain a catalyst material of a three-way catalyst, while a catalyst material of a three-way catalyst is additionally applied to partial areas of the filter walls.
  • the present invention relates to a particle filter comprising a wall flow filter of length L and two different coatings Y and Z, the wall flow filter comprising channels E and A which extend parallel between a first and a second end of the wall flow filter and which are separated by porous walls are, the surfaces OE and OA form and wherein the channels E are closed at the second end and the channels A are closed at the first end, the coating Y is located in the channels E on the surfaces OE and starting from the first end of the Wall flow filter extends over 55 to 90% of the length L and aluminum oxide in an amount of 35 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating Y, palladium, rhodium or palladium and rhodium and one or more oxygen storage components in an amount of 40 to 50 wt .-%, based on the total weight
  • the coatings Y and Z are three-way catalytically active, especially at operating temperatures of 250 to 1,100 ° C. They are different from one another, but both usually contain one or more precious metals that are fixed on one or more carrier materials, as well as one or more oxygen storage components.
  • the coatings Y and Z can differ with regard to the components they contain. For example, they can differ with regard to the precious metals they contain or the oxygen storage components they contain. However, they can also contain identical components, but these must then be present in different quantities.
  • noble metals are platinum, palladium and rhodium, palladium, rhodium or palladium and rhodium being preferred and palladium and rhodium being particularly preferred.
  • the proportion of rhodium in the total precious metal content is in particular greater than 10% by weight.
  • the precious metals are usually obtained in quantities of 0.15 to 5 g / l used on the volume of the wall flow filter.
  • the porous walls of the particle filter according to the invention are preferably free of precious metals.
  • Suitable carrier materials for the noble metals are all materials familiar to the person skilled in the art for this purpose. Such materials are in particular metal oxides with a BET surface area of 30 to 250 m 2 / g, preferably 100 to 200 m 2 / g (determined according to DIN 66132). Particularly suitable carrier materials for the noble metals are selected from the series consisting of aluminum oxide, doped aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium dioxide and mixed oxides of one or more thereof. Doped aluminum oxides are, for example, lanthanum oxide, zirconium oxide and / or titanium oxide-doped aluminum oxides.
  • Lanthanum-stabilized aluminum oxide is advantageously used, lanthanum being used in amounts of 1 to 10% by weight, preferably 3 to 6% by weight, calculated in each case as La 2 O 3 and based on the weight of the stabilized aluminum oxide .
  • Another suitable carrier material is lanthanum-stabilized aluminum oxide, the surface of which is coated with lanthanum oxide, barium oxide or strontium oxide.
  • Cerium / zirconium / rare earth metal mixed oxides are particularly suitable as oxygen storage components.
  • the term “cerium / zirconium / rare earth metal mixed oxide” in the context of the present invention excludes physical mixtures of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide and rare earth oxide. Rather, “cerium / zirconium / rare earth metal mixed oxides” are characterized by a largely homogeneous, three-dimensional crystal structure that is ideally free of phases of pure cerium oxide, zirconium oxide or rare earth oxide. Depending on the manufacturing process, however, products that are not completely homogeneous can also arise, which can usually be used without any disadvantage. Furthermore, the term rare earth metal or rare earth metal oxide in the context of the present invention does not include cerium or cerium oxide.
  • rare earth metal oxides in the cerium / zirconium / rare earth metal mixed oxides for example, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide, praseodymium oxide, neodymium oxide and / or Sa marium oxide come into consideration.
  • Lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and / or praseody oxide are preferred.
  • Lanthanum oxide and / or yttrium oxide are particularly preferred, and lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide, yttrium oxide and praseodymium oxide, so- such as lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide.
  • the oxygen storage components are particularly preferably free from neodymium oxide.
  • the mass ratio of cerium oxide to zirconium oxide in the cerium / zirconium / rare earth metal mixed oxides can vary within wide limits. It is, for example, 0.1 to 1.5, preferably 0.2 to 1 or 0.3 to 0.5.
  • coating Y comprises an oxygen storage component with a cerium oxide content of 20 to 40% by weight, based on the weight of the oxygen storage component.
  • coating Z comprises an oxygen storage component with a cerium oxide content of 30 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the oxygen storage component.
  • Oxygen storage components containing lanthanum oxide have in particular a mass ratio of lanthanum oxide to cerium oxide of 0.05 to 0.5.
  • the coatings Y and Z usually contain oxygen storage components in quantities of 15 to 120 g / l, based on the volume of the wall-flow filter.
  • the mass ratio of carrier materials and oxygen storage components in coatings Y and Z is usually 0.3 to 1.5, for example 0.4 to 1.3.
  • coatings Y and Z contain an alkaline earth compound such as e.g. Strontium oxide, barium oxide or barium sulfate.
  • the amount of barium sulfate per coating is in particular 2 to 20 g / l volume of the wall-flow filter.
  • coating Z contains strontium oxide or barium oxide.
  • one or both of the coatings Y and Z contain additives such as rare earth compounds such as lanthanum oxide and / or binders such as aluminum compounds. These additives are used in amounts which can vary within wide limits and which the person skilled in the art can determine with simple means in the specific case. These may help to improve the rheology of the coating.
  • the coatings Y and Z are different from one another, but both include lanthanum-stabilized aluminum oxide, palladium, rhodium or palladium and rhodium and an oxygen storage component comprising zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, and yttrium oxide and / or praseodymium oxide .
  • the yttrium oxide content is in particular 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the oxygen storage component.
  • the weight ratio of lanthanum oxide to yttrium oxide is in particular 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 1.
  • the content of yttrium oxide in the oxygen storage component of the coating Z is greater than or equal to the content of yttrium oxide in the oxygen storage component of the coating Y, each based on the weight of the respective oxygen storage component.
  • the mass fraction of yttrium oxide in coating Y is greater than in coating Z.
  • coating Z can comprise an additional oxygen storage component that contains zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide, as well as yttrium oxide and / or praseodymium oxide.
  • the yttrium oxide content is in particular 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the oxygen storage component.
  • the weight ratio of lanthanum oxide to yttrium oxide is in particular 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 1.
  • the praseodymium oxide content is in particular 2 to 15% by weight, preferably 3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the oxygen storage component.
  • the weight ratio of lanthanum oxide to praseodymium oxide is in particular 0.1 to 1, preferably 0.3 to 1.
  • the zirconium oxide content of the yttrium oxide-containing oxygen storage component in coating Z is greater than the zirconium oxide content of the praseodymium oxide-containing oxygen storage component, in each case based on the respective oxygen storage component.
  • the coatings Y each comprise lanthanum-stabilized aluminum oxide in amounts of 35 to 60% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 60% by weight, and an oxygen storage component in amounts of 40 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 45 to 50% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating Y.
  • the coatings Z each comprise lanthanum-stabilized aluminum oxide in amounts of 30 to 50% by weight, particularly preferably 40 to 50% by weight, and an oxygen storage component in amounts of 50 to 80% by weight, particularly preferably 55 to 80% by weight, based in each case on the total weight of the coating Z.
  • the weight ratio of aluminum oxide to the oxygen storage component in coating Y is at least 0.7 to at most 1.5, preferably 0.8-1.2.
  • the weight ratio of aluminum oxide to the oxygen storage component in coating Z is at least 0.3 to at most 0.8, preferably 0.4-0.6.
  • the coating Y extends from the first end of the wall flow filter over 57 to 80%, in particular over 57 to 65% of the length L of the wall flow filter.
  • the loading of the wall flow filter with coating Y is preferably 33 to 125 g / l, based on the volume of the wall flow filter.
  • the coating Z extends from the second end of the wall flow filter over 57 to 80%, in particular over 57 to 65% of the length L of the wall flow filter.
  • the loading of the wall flow filter with coating Z is preferably 33 to 125 g / l, based on the volume of the wall flow filter.
  • a preferred embodiment relates to a wall flow filter with a coating Y with a length L of 57 to 80% starting from the first end of the wall flow filter and a coating Z with a length L of 57 to 80% starting from the second end of the wall flow filter.
  • the total washcoat loading of the particle filter according to the invention is in particular 40 to 150 g / l, based on the volume of the wall-flow filter.
  • the sum of the lengths of coating Y and coating Z is 1 10 to 160% of the length L, preferably 1 15 to 140% of the length L.
  • neither coating Y nor coating Z contains a zeolite or a molecular sieve.
  • this relates to a particle filter which comprises a wall flow filter of length L and two different coatings Y and Z, the wall flow filter comprising channels E and A which extend in parallel between a first and a second end of the wall flow filter and which are separated by porous walls that form the surfaces O E and OA and wherein the channels E are closed at the second end and the channels A are closed at the first end, characterized in that coating Y is in the channels E on the surfaces O E be and extends from the first end of the wall flow filter over 57 to 80% of the length L and aluminum oxide in an amount of 35 to 60% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating Y, palladium, rhodium, or palladium and rhodium and a Oxygen storage component in an amount of 40 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the coating Y, the Sauer stoffspei cherkomponente zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide,
  • the coating Z preferably contains, for example, two different oxygen storage components.
  • the embodiments explained above also apply in relation to those mentioned here.
  • Wall flow filters that can be used in accordance with the present invention are known and are available on the market. They consist, for example, of silicon carbide, aluminum nium titanate or cordierite, for example, have a cellularity of 200 to 400 cells per inch and usually a wall thickness between 6 and 12 mils, or 0.1524 and 0.305 millimeters. In the uncoated state, for example, they have porosities of 50 to 80, in particular 55 to 75%. Their average pore size in the uncoated state be, for example, 10 to 25 micrometers. As a rule, the pores of the wall flow filter are so-called open pores, i.e. they are connected to the channels. Furthermore, the pores are usually connected to one another. This enables on the one hand the light coating of the inner pore surfaces and on the other hand an easy passage of the exhaust gas through the porous walls of the wall flow filter.
  • the particle filter according to the invention can be produced by methods familiar to those skilled in the art, for example by applying a coating suspension, usually called a washcoat, to the wall-flow filter using one of the usual dip-coating processes or pump and suction coating processes. Thermal aftertreatment or calcination usually follow. Coatings Y and Z are obtained in separate and consecutive coating steps.
  • a coating suspension usually called a washcoat
  • the average pore size of the wall flow filter and the average particle size of the catalytically active materials must be coordinated with one another in order to achieve an on-wall coating or an in-wall coating.
  • the mean particle size of the catalytically active materials must be small enough to penetrate into the pores of the wall flow filter.
  • the mean particle size of the catalytically active materials must be large enough not to penetrate into the pores of the wall flow filter.
  • the particle filter according to the invention is ideal for removing particles, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines operated with a stoichiometric air / fuel mixture.
  • the present invention thus also relates to a method for removing particles, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides from the exhaust gas of internal combustion engines operated with a stoichiometric air / fuel mixture, which is characterized in that the exhaust gas is passed through a particle filter according to the invention.
  • the exhaust gas can be passed through a particle filter according to the invention in such a way that it enters the particle filter through channels E and leaves it again through channels A. But it is also possible that the exhaust gas enters the particulate filter through channels A and leaves it again through channels E.
  • the decisive factor for a low exhaust back pressure is not the degree of coverage of the filter walls, as originally assumed, but rather the layer thickness of the catalytic coating applied.
  • the coating By distributing the coating over a large area over at least 55% of the filter length per zone, the exhaust gas back pressure can be reduced and at the same time a high catalytic activity can be achieved. This was not to be expected based on the known state of the art.
  • Figure 1 shows a particle filter according to the invention, which comprises a wall flow filter of length L (1) with channels E (2) and channels A (3), which run parallel between a first end (4) and a second end (5) of the wall flow filter extend and which are separated by porous walls (6), the surfaces O E (7) and OA (8) form and wherein the channels E (2) at the second end (5) and the channels A (3) at the first end (4) are locked.
  • Coating Y (9) is located in channels E (2) on surfaces O E (7) and coating Z (10) in channels A (3) on surfaces 0 A (8).
  • the invention is illustrated in more detail in the examples below.
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, which comprised 24% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide, in water suspended. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of aluminum oxide and oxygen storage component was 30:70. A palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension obtained in this way, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate, the coating being introduced into the porous filter wall over 100% of the substrate length.
  • the total loading of this filter was 75 g / l, the total precious metal loading was 1.27 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined. It is hereinafter referred to as VGPF1.
  • a) Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56:44.
  • a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension thus obtained, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate.
  • the coating suspension was coated on the filter walls of the substrate in the inlet channels over a length of 60% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 62.5 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.06 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined. Coating of the exit channels
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was combined with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, which comprised 24% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide, in water sus pended. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70. A palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension obtained in this way, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated, specifically in the outlet channels over a length of 60% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 62.5 g / l
  • the noble metal loading was 1.06 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 75 g / l, the total noble metal loading 1.27 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1. It is referred to below as GPF1.
  • the particle filters VGPF1 and GPF1 were aged together in an engine test bench. This consists of an overrun fuel cut-off with an exhaust gas temperature of 950 ° C before the catalyst inlet (maximum bed temperature 1030 ° C). The aging time was 19 hours (see Motortechnische Zeitschrift, 1994, 55, 214-218).
  • the aged catalytically active particulate filters were then tested on an engine test bench in the so-called “light-off test” and the “lambda sweep test”.
  • Table 1 shows the temperatures T o 5, in each of which 50% of the subject components are reacted.
  • the amplitude of l was ⁇ 3.4%.
  • Table 2 contains the conversion at the intersection of the CO and NOx conversion curves, as well as the associated HC conversion of the aged particle filters.
  • the particle filter GPF1 according to the invention shows, compared to VGPF1 in the aged condition, a clear improvement in the light-off behavior and in the dynamic CO / NOx conversion.
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide , suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of aluminum oxide and oxygen storage component was 30:70. A palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension obtained in this way, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall flow filter substrate, the coating being introduced into the porous filter wall over 100% of the substrate length.
  • the total loading of this filter was 100 g / l, the noble metal loading 2.60 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 60: 13.75.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined. b) Coating of the input channels
  • Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide. The weight ratio of aluminum oxide and oxygen storage component was 50/50.
  • the suspension obtained in this way was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated, specifically in the inlet channels over a length of 25% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 58 g / l, the noble metal loading 2.30 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide.
  • the weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56/44.
  • the suspension thus obtained was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall-flow filter substrate obtained under b), the filter walls of the substrate being coated over a length of 25% of the filter length in the outlet channels.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 59 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.06 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 1: 2.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • VGPF2 The total loading of this filter was therefore 130 g / l, the total noble metal loading 3.44 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3. It is referred to below as VGPF2.
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, which comprised 24% by weight of ceria, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide, in water suspended. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of aluminum oxide and oxygen storage component was 30:70. A palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension obtained in this way, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate, the coating being introduced into the porous filter wall over 100% of the substrate length.
  • the total loading of this filter was 100 g / l, the noble metal loading 2.07 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 45: 13.5.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined. b) Coating of the input channels
  • Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseous oxide. The weight ratio of aluminum oxide and oxygen storage component was 50/50.
  • the suspension obtained in this way was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution with constant stirring and a rhodium nitrate solution is added.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated, specifically in the inlet channels over a length of 60% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 90 g / l, the noble metal loading 2.30 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 154 g / l, the total noble metal loading 3.44 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3. It is referred to below as VGPF3.
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40 wt covered, suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70.
  • the suspension thus obtained was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the re- Suiting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated on a length of 60% of the filter length in the outlet channels.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 83.33 g / l, the noble metal loading 2.87 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 100 g / l, the total noble metal loading 3.44 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 10: 3. It is referred to below as GPF2.
  • the particle filters VGPF2, VGPF3 and GPF2 were aged together in an engine test bench. This consists of an overrun shutdown with an exhaust gas temperature of 950 ° C in front of the catalyst inlet (maximum bed temperature 1030 ° C). The aging time was 76 hours (see Motortechnische Zeitschrift, 1994, 55, 214-218).
  • the aged catalytically active particulate filters were then tested on an engine test bench in the so-called “light-off test” and the “lambda sweep test”.
  • Table 3 contains the temperatures T o 5, in each of which 50% of the subject components are reacted.
  • the amplitude of l was ⁇ 3.4%.
  • Table 4 contains the conversion at the intersection of the CO and NOx conversion curves, as well as the associated HC conversion of the aged particle filters.
  • the particle filter GPF2 according to the invention shows, compared to VGPF2 and VGPF3 in the aged state, a significant improvement in the light-off behavior and in the dynamic CO / NOx conversion.
  • a) Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56/44.
  • a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension thus obtained, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate.
  • the coating suspension was coated on the filter walls of the substrate in the inlet channels over a length of 50% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 100 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praseodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, the 24th Wt .-% cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide included, suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70. The suspension thus obtained was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated, specifically in the outlet channels over a length of 50% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 100 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 100 g / l, the total noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1. It is referred to below as VGPF4.
  • a) Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56/44.
  • a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension thus obtained, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate.
  • the coating suspension was coated onto the filter walls of the substrate in the inlet channels over a length of 55% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 91 g / l, the noble metal loading was 1.16 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and prodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, the 24th Wt .-% cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide included, suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70. The suspension obtained in this way was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly for coating the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated on a length of 55% of the filter length in the outlet channels.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 91 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.16 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 100 g / l, the total noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1. It is referred to below as GPF3.
  • a) Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56/44.
  • a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension thus obtained, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate. The coating suspension was coated on the filter walls of the substrate in the inlet channels over a length of 60% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 83.33 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.06 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined. Coating of the exit channels
  • Alumina stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40 wt covered, suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70.
  • the suspension thus obtained was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the reclaiming coating suspension was used directly to coat the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated, specifically in the outlet channels over a length of 60% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 83.33 g / l, the noble metal loading 1.06 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 100 g / l, the total noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1. It is referred to below as GPF4.
  • a) Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was suspended in water together with an oxygen storage component which comprised 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 56/44.
  • a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution were then added to the suspension thus obtained, with constant stirring.
  • the resulting coating suspension was used directly to coat a commercially available wall-flow filter substrate. The coating suspension was coated onto the filter walls of the substrate in the inlet channels over a length of 80% of the filter length.
  • the loading of the inlet channel was 62.5 g / l, the noble metal loading 0.79 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter thus obtained was dried and then calcined. Coating of the exit channels
  • Aluminum oxide stabilized with lanthanum oxide was used together with a first oxygen storage component, which comprised 40% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and praodymium oxide, and a second oxygen storage component, which contained 24% by weight of cerium oxide, zirconium oxide, lanthanum oxide and yttrium oxide covered, suspended in water. Both oxygen storage components were used in equal parts. The weight ratio of the alumina and the oxygen storage component was 30:70. The suspension thus obtained was then mixed with a palladium nitrate solution and a rhodium nitrate solution with constant stirring.
  • the reclaiming coating suspension was used directly to coat the wall flow filter substrate obtained under a), the filter walls of the substrate being coated on a length of 80% of the filter length in the outlet channels.
  • the loading of the outlet channel was 62.5 g / l, the noble metal loading 0.79 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1.
  • the coated filter obtained in this way was dried and then calcined.
  • the total loading of this filter was thus 100 g / l, the total noble metal loading 1.42 g / l with a ratio of palladium to rhodium of 5: 1. It is referred to below as GPF5.
  • the particle filters VGPF4, GPF3, GPF4 and GPF5 were compared on a cold blow test bench with regard to the exhaust gas back pressure.
  • Table 5 contains pressure loss data that were determined at an air temperature of 21 ° C. and a volume flow of 600 m 3 / h. The values have been standardized to VGPF3 for a better overview.
  • the statistical evaluation shows that it is particularly advantageous to distribute the washcoat on the largest possible surface on the filter walls with an associated low layer thickness, instead of covering only a small surface with a high layer thickness, since a high layer thickness is the main cause is to be considered for a high exhaust gas back pressure (Figure 2).
  • the particulate filters were aged together in an engine test bench aging facility. This consists of an overrun shutdown with an exhaust gas temperature of 950 ° C in front of the catalytic converter inlet (maximum bed temperature 1030 ° C). The aging time was 19 hours (see Motortech nische Zeitschrift, 1994, 55, 214-218).

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un filtre à particules qui comprend un filtre à paroi poreuse de longueur L et deux revêtements Y et Z à activité catalytique différents, le filtre à paroi poreuse comportant des canaux E et A qui s'étendent parallèlement entre une première et une deuxième extrémité du filtre à paroi poreuse et qui sont séparés par des parois poreuses qui forment respectivement des surfaces OE et OA. Les canaux E sont fermés au niveau de la deuxième extrémité et les canaux A au niveau de la première extrémité. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le revêtement Y se trouve dans les canaux E sur les surfaces OE et le revêtement Z dans les canaux A sur les surfaces OA.
EP19715055.0A 2019-03-29 2019-03-29 Filtre à particules à activité catalytique Pending EP3946691A1 (fr)

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WO2016060050A1 (fr) 2014-10-16 2016-04-21 株式会社キャタラー Catalyseur pour purification des gaz d'échappement
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