EP3936662A1 - Rail section - Google Patents
Rail section Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3936662A1 EP3936662A1 EP20020316.4A EP20020316A EP3936662A1 EP 3936662 A1 EP3936662 A1 EP 3936662A1 EP 20020316 A EP20020316 A EP 20020316A EP 3936662 A1 EP3936662 A1 EP 3936662A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- track part
- cavity
- aggregate
- foam
- composite material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000006263 elastomeric foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052601 baryte Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010428 baryte Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000269350 Anura Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B19/00—Protection of permanent way against development of dust or against the effect of wind, sun, frost, or corrosion; Means to reduce development of noise
- E01B19/003—Means for reducing the development or propagation of noise
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B7/00—Switches; Crossings
- E01B7/10—Frogs
- E01B7/12—Fixed frogs made of one part or composite
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a track part, in particular a frog, comprising a running surface for a wheel of a rail vehicle, an underside opposite the running surface and at least one cavity open to the underside, vibration damping means being accommodated in the cavity. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a track part.
- Switch crossing frogs In particular, emit increased noise and vibrations when a rail vehicle passes through the existing frog gap compared to the rest of the rail route. Due to its construction, the switch frog behaves as a vibration and resonance body due to the fact that there is at least one cavity open to the underside on the underside opposite the running surfaces for the wheels of a rail vehicle.
- EP 3 190 229 A1 a railway profile designed to reduce vibrations and noise, in which a track part with a plurality of cavities on its underside is disclosed, with a special mass damper being inserted into each cavity, which acts on the damping tuned to specific frequencies and cast there in the simplest case.
- the mass dampers are in EP 3 190 229 A1 each disclosed as a solid block of steel and the steel block must be supported in the cavity spaced from the body of the track member to be able to vibrate freely.
- the solution according to EP 3 190 229 A1 can generally be described as complicated and cost-intensive.
- the present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a track part that can be produced simply and inexpensively and at the same time is efficiently damped in order to reduce noise emissions when the track part is driven over.
- the vibration damping means are formed from a composite material which is arranged in the cavity and comprises an elastomeric foam and pieces of a lumpy aggregate distributed in the elastomeric foam.
- the present invention therefore dispenses with storing specially dimensioned damping elements in the form of mass dampers in a cavity of a track part, which is expensive, but the damping is based on the total mass of elastomeric foam with pourable additive or additives and the damping Property of the elastomer in the cavity.
- the aggregate is lumpy and can thus be flowed around by the mass of the foam before foaming to result in a composite material in the cavity.
- the aggregate is attached to the track part in an oscillating manner and, due to its relative irregularity, leads to a broadband damping of oscillations and thus to a noticeable one in a simple and particularly cost-effective manner Reduction of noise emissions when driving over the track part according to the invention.
- an innovative material and a corresponding track part are created, which represent an optimum for this application with regard to the properties of damping, rigidity and density.
- the track part preferably comprises two, three or more cavities which are open towards the underside and in which vibration-damping means of the type according to the invention are accommodated.
- the cavities preferably extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail and are arranged next to one another.
- the foam is preferably designed as a mixed-cell foam. Such a foam offers a high mechanical loss factor and good resilience and is therefore particularly suitable for damping acoustic vibrations.
- the foam is a polyurethane foam having a density of at least 0.5 kg/l and a mechanical loss factor greater than 0.40.
- the damping material properties of the specific, highly damping polyurethane foam are used to dampen the vibrating structure.
- the kinetic energy kinetic energy
- the resonance phenomena of components or structures can be kept within narrower limits.
- the aggregate preferably comprises silicates and/or barite, in particular with a density of between 2.5 kg/l and 8.0 kg/l, in particular 4.0 kg/l to 7.8 kg/l, in particular 4 .5 kg/l.
- silicates and/or barite in particular with a density of between 2.5 kg/l and 8.0 kg/l, in particular 4.0 kg/l to 7.8 kg/l, in particular 4 .5 kg/l.
- the aggregate can comprise chamber filler stones, in particular made of concrete, and/or metal bodies, as corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the shear stiffness and thus the damping effect of the composite material can be specifically influenced by selecting the appropriate grain size for the aggregate. Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pieces of aggregate preferably have an equivalent diameter of at least 2 mm. This minimum grain size should also be aimed for in order to ensure the rapid and reliable inclusion of the aggregate in the foam, which is naturally advantageous for reliable fixing of the aggregate in the track part according to the invention and is desirable with regard to the damping-effective connection of the aggregate to the entire vibrating system of the track part according to the invention.
- the present invention is preferably further developed to the effect that the composite material only partially fills the at least one cavity, so that between one of the Underside of the track part facing surface of the composite material and the plane of a bottom surface forming the underside of the track part remains a free space from the composite material. This achieves a decoupling of the vibration-damping composite material from the substructure of the track.
- At least one cover element is preferably fastened in the cavity, which limits the volume that can be occupied by the composite material towards an underside of the track part. In the broadest sense, this serves to additionally mechanically hold the composite material, which adheres to the walls of the cavity through the PUR foam, in the cavity in order to counteract any loosening of the composite material that may occur over a longer period of time of the track part according to the invention.
- the cover element is preferably arranged at a distance from the plane of the bottom surface of the track part if, as described above, decoupling from the substructure of the track is to be achieved.
- the invention is preferably further developed such that the cover element is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a wall of the cavity.
- the connection of the cover element to the track part is thus as strong as possible in order to ensure that the composite material is supported as unchangeably as possible in the cavity.
- a material connection is understood to mean, for example, a connection by welding.
- the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigid with a bottom wall of the cavity, is in particular materially connected.
- a threaded rod which is rigid with a bottom wall of the cavity, is in particular materially connected.
- the present invention is characterized in that the cover element is connected to side walls of the at least one cavity, preferably connected materially or using fastening elements. Accordingly, the cover element can be welded to the side walls of the cavity or fastened by means of fastening elements that are welded or screwed into the side walls, such as clamps or fastening angles or the like.
- the connection of the composite material to the walls of the cavity is further improved in that the covering element can be clamped to the track part after the foam has hardened.
- the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a bottom wall of the cavity.
- the cover element guided by the threaded rod, can be placed on the surface of the foam and then screwed with a nut.
- the cover element and thus the composite material in it are braced Cavity, whereby the density and thus the damping properties of the composite material can also be influenced.
- the covering element is preferably designed as a covering grid.
- a cover grid offers certain advantages in terms of securing the composite in the cavity in a lateral direction and also allows the area between the composite and the cover grid to dry out after precipitation, which can improve the durability of the composite over a long period of time.
- Rail switches consist of a straight main track and a curved branch track.
- the crossing frog is a central element in the switch. This is where the inner rails intersect. These are interrupted at the so-called frog gap so that the wheel flange of a wheel that drives on the opposite wing rail can pass through unhindered.
- the frog includes the frog tip, frog gap and the wing rails as well as the connecting rails.
- the interrupted running surface causes a dynamic impact at the frog tip. This shock load leads to a broadband vibration excitation of the frog and the surrounding tracks.
- the vibration dampening effect is based on the total mass of elastomeric foam with loose aggregate or aggregates and the dampening properties of the elastomer in the cavity.
- the aggregate is lumpy and can therefore be flowed around by the mass of the high-damping foam before foaming, in order to produce a composite material in the cavity.
- the mass of foam also fills the cavities between the individual pieces of aggregate, resulting in a coherent body of composite material will. Due to the elastic properties of the foam, the aggregate is bound to the track part so that it can vibrate and, due to its inhomogeneity, leads to broadband damping of vibrations and thus to a noticeable reduction in noise emissions when driving over the track part according to the invention in a simple and particularly inexpensive manner.
- the method according to the invention is preferably further developed such that a surface of the cavity is pretreated before the cavity is filled with a method such as rust removal, etching, sandblasting and/or application of an adhesion promoter for priming. This can be necessary or useful in order to improve the adhesion of the composite material to the walls of the cavity, in order to allow the track part produced using the method according to the invention to remain in place for as long as possible.
- the casting preferably takes place with a mass which foams to form a polyurethane foam, in particular a polyurethane foam with a density of at least 0.5 kg/l and a mechanical loss factor of greater than 0.40.
- the damping material properties of the specific polyurethane foam are used to dampen the vibrating structure.
- silicates and/or barite in particular with a density between 2.5 kg/l and 8.0 kg/l, in particular 4.0 kg/l to 7.8 kg/l, in particular 4 .5 kg/l used.
- These materials have a high density and therefore provide effective damping of the interfering frequencies Natural vibrations of the track part according to the invention by the introduction of the additional mass and by increasing the stiffness with it.
- chamber filling stones in particular made of concrete, and/or metal bodies are used as aggregate, as corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- an aggregate having an equivalent diameter of at least 2 mm of aggregate pieces is used.
- This minimum grain size should also be aimed for in order to ensure the rapid and reliable inclusion of the aggregate in the foam, which is naturally preferred for reliable fixing of the aggregate in the track part according to the invention and is desirable with regard to the damping-effective connection of the aggregate to the entire vibrating system of the track part according to the invention.
- At least one cover element is preferably fastened in the cavity, which limits the volume that can be occupied by the composite material towards an underside of the track part. In the broadest sense, this serves to additionally mechanically hold the composite material, which adheres to the walls of the cavity through the PUR foam, in the cavity in order to counteract any loosening of the composite material that may occur over a longer period of time of the track part according to the invention.
- the filling or encapsulation takes place through a not covered by the at least one cover element Area of an opening of the cavity.
- This procedure is of course only possible with a composite material as in the present invention, which due to its pourable and lumpy additives simply filled in and does not have to be arranged in the cavity and fixed in a location-specific manner.
- connection of the composite material to the walls of the cavity is further improved in that the covering element is clamped to the track part after the foam has hardened.
- the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a bottom wall of the cavity.
- the cover element and thus the composite material are braced in the cavity, which means that the density and thus the damping properties of the composite material can also be influenced.
- a switch frog is denoted by the reference numeral 1 and it can be seen that a plurality of cavities 3 are arranged on the underside 2 of the switch frog 1, with a different number of cavities transverse to the direction of travel being symbolized depending on which section of the switch frog 1 is being considered by the double arrow 4, are arranged side by side. This is due to the fact that the rails of the tracks that cross each other at the switch are brought together and led apart again and the cavities on the underside are caused by the rail profile on the running surface. For better clarity, in 1 only part of the cavities 3 are provided with reference numbers. This will also in 2 retained, are provided in the same parts with the same reference numerals.
- the running surface 5 or a plurality of running surfaces 5 can now also be seen in each case.
- the cavities 3 on the underside 2 occupy a considerable volume and it is understandable that when a train passes over the Point frog 1 moves, massive vibrations and resonances occur, which are accordingly associated with high noise emissions.
- the reference number 6 designates the point of the frog on which the wheel of a train after passing the frog gap 7, which is in the area of the cross section AA Figures 1 and 2 located, moves up.
- the cavities 3 are completely filled with vibration damping means 8 made of the above-described composite material made of PUR foam and additives, as a result of which excellent damping of noise emissions is achieved.
- the cavities 3 can be covered with cover elements 9, wherein the cover elements 9 can be rigidly connected to a wall 10 of the cavity 3 using fastening elements 11 or materially by welding.
- the cover elements 9 can be screwed to a threaded rod 12 using a nut 13, with the threaded rod 12 being rigidly connected to a bottom wall 10' of the cavity, for example in the sense of a screw connection in the bottom wall 10', or materially connected, for example by a weld.
- cover elements 9 are shown in the form of cover grids 9 ′ and it can be seen that the cover grids are connected to walls 10 of the cavities 3 via a plurality of fastening elements 11 . It can also be seen that the filling or casting with the PUR foam takes place through areas 14 ′ of an opening 14 of the cavity 3 that are not covered by the at least one cover element 9 .
- Measurement results from a laboratory test are in figure 5 can be seen in which the measurement frequency of a sound measurement is plotted on the abscissa and the measured sound pressure is plotted on the ordinate relative to the excitation force in decibels when the track part according to the invention is excited.
- the sound pressure is reduced by 17.7 dB in relation to the excitation force in the range between 100 Hz (Hertz) and 10000 Hz and especially in the range between 1000 Hz and 10000 Hz.
- Hertz Hertz
- 10000 Hz the excitation force
- This is a significant reduction and can significantly reduce noise exposure for residents living near railway lines.
- the almost complete elimination of the frequencies at 30 Hz to 40 Hz is also particularly advantageous, which frequencies are found to be particularly annoying, especially in the case of slow-moving rail vehicles, for example in urban areas.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Railway Tracks (AREA)
- Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
Bei einem Gleisteil (1), insbesondere Weichenherzstück (1), umfassend eine Lauffläche für ein Rad eines Schienenfahrzeuges, eine der Lauffläche gegenüberliegende Unterseite (2) und mindestens einen zur Unterseite (2) hin offenen Hohlraum (3), wobei im Hohlraum (3) Schwingungsdämpfungsmittel (8) aufgenommen sind, sind die Schwingungsdämpfungsmittel (8) von einem im Hohlraum (3) angeordneten Verbundwerkstoff gebildet, der einen elastomeren Schaumstoff und im elastomeren Schaumstoff verteilte Stücke eines stückigen Zuschlagsstoffes umfasst.In a track part (1), in particular a switch frog (1), comprising a running surface for a wheel of a rail vehicle, an underside (2) opposite the running surface and at least one cavity (3) open towards the underside (2), wherein in the cavity (3 ) Vibration damping means (8) are accommodated, the vibration damping means (8) are formed by a composite material arranged in the cavity (3), which comprises an elastomeric foam and pieces of a lumpy aggregate distributed in the elastomeric foam.
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Gleisteil, insbesondere Weichenherzstück, umfassend eine Lauffläche für ein Rad eines Schienenfahrzeuges, eine der Lauffläche gegenüberliegende Unterseite und mindestens einen zur Unterseite hin offenen Hohlraum, wobei im Hohlraum Schwingungsdämpfungsmittel aufgenommen sind. Weiters betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleisteils.The present invention relates to a track part, in particular a frog, comprising a running surface for a wheel of a rail vehicle, an underside opposite the running surface and at least one cavity open to the underside, vibration damping means being accommodated in the cavity. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for producing a track part.
Beim Überfahren von Gleisen durch ein Schienenfahrzeug wie einen Zug oder eine Straßenbahn werden abhängig von der Geschwindigkeit Schallwellen emittiert, die von Passagieren der Straßenbahn oder des Zuges aber insbesondere von Anrainern einer entsprechenden Schienenstrecke als unangenehm und störend empfunden werden. Insbesondere Weichenherzstücke emittieren bei der Überfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeuges durch die vorhandene Herzstücklücke im Vergleich zum sonstigen Verlauf der Schienenstrecke in erhöhtem Maße Lärm und Erschütterungen. Dabei verhält sich das Weichenherzstück durch seine Konstruktion, aufgrund der an der den Laufflächen für die Räder eines Schienenfahrzeuges gegenüberliegenden Unterseite mindestens ein zur Unterseite hin offener Hohlraum vorhanden ist, als Schwingungs- und Resonanzkörper.When a rail vehicle such as a train or a tram drives over tracks, sound waves are emitted depending on the speed, which are perceived as unpleasant and disturbing by passengers on the tram or the train, but especially by residents of a corresponding track section. Switch crossing frogs, in particular, emit increased noise and vibrations when a rail vehicle passes through the existing frog gap compared to the rest of the rail route. Due to its construction, the switch frog behaves as a vibration and resonance body due to the fact that there is at least one cavity open to the underside on the underside opposite the running surfaces for the wheels of a rail vehicle.
Es wurde daher bereits eine Reihe von Versuchen unternommen, das Schwingungs- und Resonanzverhalten von Gleisteilen und insbesondere von Weichenherzstücken im Sinne einer Reduktion der Lärmemission durch Dämpfung zu beeinflussen.A number of attempts have therefore already been made to influence the vibration and resonance behavior of track parts and in particular of switch frogs in terms of reducing noise emissions through damping.
Beispielsweise offenbart
Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Gleisteil zu schaffen, das einfach und kostengünstig hergestellt werden kann und gleichzeitig effizient gedämpft ist, um Lärmemissionen beim Überfahren des Gleisteils zu vermindern.The present invention is therefore based on the object of creating a track part that can be produced simply and inexpensively and at the same time is efficiently damped in order to reduce noise emissions when the track part is driven over.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, dass die Schwingungsdämpfungsmittel von einem im Hohlraum angeordneten Verbundwerkstoff gebildet sind, der einen elastomeren Schaumstoff und im elastomeren Schaumstoff verteilte Stücke eines stückigen Zuschlagsstoffes umfasst. Anders als im Stand der Technik wird somit bei der vorliegenden Erfindung davon abgegangen, speziell dimensionierte Dämpfungselemente in Form von Massendämpfern aufwendig in einem Hohlraum eines Gleisteils zu lagern, sondern die Dämpfung gründet sich auf die Gesamtmasse von elastomerem Schaumstoff mit schüttfähigem Zuschlagsstoff beziehungsweise Zuschlagsstoffen und der dämpfenden Eigenschaft des Elastomers in dem Hohlraum. Der Zuschlagsstoff ist stückig und kann somit von der Masse des Schaumstoffs vor dem Aufschäumen umflossen werden, um einen Verbundwerkstoff in dem Hohlraum zu ergeben. Auf diese Weise ist der Zuschlagsstoff schwingend an das Gleisteil angebunden und führt aufgrund seiner relativen Unregelmäßigkeit zu einer breitbandigen Dämpfung von Schwingungen und damit auf einfache und besonders kostengünstige Weise zu einer merklichen Reduktion von Lärmemissionen beim Überfahren des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils. Auf diese Weise werden ein innovativer Werkstoff und ein entsprechendes Gleisteil geschaffen, welche im Hinblick auf die Eigenschaften Dämpfung, Steifigkeit und Dichte ein Optimum für diese Anwendung darstellen.This object is achieved according to the invention in that the vibration damping means are formed from a composite material which is arranged in the cavity and comprises an elastomeric foam and pieces of a lumpy aggregate distributed in the elastomeric foam. In contrast to the prior art, the present invention therefore dispenses with storing specially dimensioned damping elements in the form of mass dampers in a cavity of a track part, which is expensive, but the damping is based on the total mass of elastomeric foam with pourable additive or additives and the damping Property of the elastomer in the cavity. The aggregate is lumpy and can thus be flowed around by the mass of the foam before foaming to result in a composite material in the cavity. In this way, the aggregate is attached to the track part in an oscillating manner and, due to its relative irregularity, leads to a broadband damping of oscillations and thus to a noticeable one in a simple and particularly cost-effective manner Reduction of noise emissions when driving over the track part according to the invention. In this way, an innovative material and a corresponding track part are created, which represent an optimum for this application with regard to the properties of damping, rigidity and density.
Bevorzugt umfasst der Gleisteil zwei, drei oder mehrere zur Unterseite hin offene Hohlräume, in denen jeweils Schwingungsdämpfungsmittel der erfindungsgemäßen Art aufgenommen sind. Die Hohlräume erstrecken sich dabei bevorzugt in Schienenlängsrichtung und sind nebeneinander angeordnet.The track part preferably comprises two, three or more cavities which are open towards the underside and in which vibration-damping means of the type according to the invention are accommodated. The cavities preferably extend in the longitudinal direction of the rail and are arranged next to one another.
Bevorzugt ist der Schaumstoff als gemischtzelliger Schaumstoff ausgebildet. Ein derartiger Schaumstoff bietet einen hohen mechanischen Verlustfaktor und ein gutes Rückstellvermögen und eignet sich daher in besonderem Maße zur Dämpfung von akustischen Schwingungen.The foam is preferably designed as a mixed-cell foam. Such a foam offers a high mechanical loss factor and good resilience and is therefore particularly suitable for damping acoustic vibrations.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der Schaumstoff ein Polyurethan-Schaumstoff mit einer Dichte von mindestens 0,5 kg/l und einem mechanischen Verlustfaktor von größer als 0,40. Die dämpfenden Werkstoffeigenschaften des spezifischen, hochdämpfenden Polyurethan-Schaumstoffs werden genutzt, um die schwingende Struktur zu dämpfen. Bei der Schwingungsdämpfung wird die Bewegungsenergie (kinetische Energie) in eine andere, für das Schwingungsverhalten nicht mehr relevante Energieform umgewandelt und Resonanzerscheinungen von Bauteilen oder Strukturen können in engeren Grenzen gehalten werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foam is a polyurethane foam having a density of at least 0.5 kg/l and a mechanical loss factor greater than 0.40. The damping material properties of the specific, highly damping polyurethane foam are used to dampen the vibrating structure. In the case of vibration damping, the kinetic energy (kinetic energy) is converted into another form of energy that is no longer relevant to the vibration behavior and the resonance phenomena of components or structures can be kept within narrower limits.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung umfasst der Zuschlagsstoff bevorzugt Silikate und/oder Schwerspat, insbesondere mit einer Dichte zwischen 2,5 kg/l und 8,0 kg/l, insbesondere 4,0 kg/l bis 7,8 kg/l, insbesondere 4,5 kg/l. Diese Materialien haben eine hohe Dichte und bringen daher eine wirkungsvolle Dämpfung der störenden Frequenzen der Eigenschwingungen des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils durch die Einbringung der zusätzlichen Masse und durch die Erhöhung der Steifigkeit mit sich.In the present invention, the aggregate preferably comprises silicates and/or barite, in particular with a density of between 2.5 kg/l and 8.0 kg/l, in particular 4.0 kg/l to 7.8 kg/l, in particular 4 .5 kg/l. These materials have a high density and therefore bring about an effective damping of the disturbing frequencies of the natural vibrations of the track part according to the invention by introducing the additional mass and by increasing the rigidity.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Zuschlagsstoff Kammerfüllsteine, insbesondere aus Beton, und/oder Metallkörper umfassen wie dies einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung entspricht.As an alternative or in addition, the aggregate can comprise chamber filler stones, in particular made of concrete, and/or metal bodies, as corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Durch passende Wahl der Körnung des Zuschlagsstoffs kann die Schubsteifigkeit und somit die Dämpfungswirkung des Verbundwerkstoffes gezielt beeinflusst werden. Bevorzugt weisen daher gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung die Stücke des Zuschlagsstoffs einen Äquivalentdurchmesser von mindestens 2 mm auf. Diese Mindestkorngröße ist darüber hinaus anzustreben, um den raschen und zuverlässigen Einschluss des Zuschlagsstoffs im Schaumstoff zu gewährleisten, was naturgemäß für eine zuverlässige Festlegung des Zuschlagsstoffs im erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteil vorteilhaft und hinsichtlich der dämpfungswirksamen Anbindung des Zuschlagsstoffs an das gesamte schwingende System des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils anzustreben ist.The shear stiffness and thus the damping effect of the composite material can be specifically influenced by selecting the appropriate grain size for the aggregate. Therefore, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the pieces of aggregate preferably have an equivalent diameter of at least 2 mm. This minimum grain size should also be aimed for in order to ensure the rapid and reliable inclusion of the aggregate in the foam, which is naturally advantageous for reliable fixing of the aggregate in the track part according to the invention and is desirable with regard to the damping-effective connection of the aggregate to the entire vibrating system of the track part according to the invention.
Die vorliegende Erfindung ist bevorzugt dahingehend weitergebildet, dass der Verbundwerkstoff den wenigstens einen Hohlraum nur teilweise ausfüllt, sodass zwischen einer der Unterseite des Gleisteils zugewandten Oberfläche des Verbundwerkstoffs und der Ebene einer die Unterseite des Gleisteils ausbildenden Bodenfläche ein von dem Verbundwerkstoff freier Raum verbleibt. Dadurch wird eine Entkopplung des schwingungsdämpfenden Verbundwerkstoffs vom Unterbau des Gleises erreicht.The present invention is preferably further developed to the effect that the composite material only partially fills the at least one cavity, so that between one of the Underside of the track part facing surface of the composite material and the plane of a bottom surface forming the underside of the track part remains a free space from the composite material. This achieves a decoupling of the vibration-damping composite material from the substructure of the track.
Bevorzugt ist in dem Hohlraum wenigstens ein Abdeckelement befestigt, welches das vom Verbundwerkstoff einnehmbare Volumen zu einer Unterseite des Gleisteils hin begrenzt. Dies dient im weitesten Sinne dazu, den Verbundwerkstoff, der an sich durch den PUR-Schaumstoff an den Wänden des Hohlraums haftet, zusätzlich mechanisch im Hohlraum zu halten, um einer möglicherweise über eine längere Liegezeit des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils erfolgenden Lockerung des Verbundwerkstoffs entgegen zu wirken. Hierbei ist das Abdeckelement bevorzugt in Abstand von der Ebene der Bodenfläche des Gleisteils angeordnet, wenn wie oben beschrieben eine Entkopplung von Unterbau des Gleises erreicht werden soll.At least one cover element is preferably fastened in the cavity, which limits the volume that can be occupied by the composite material towards an underside of the track part. In the broadest sense, this serves to additionally mechanically hold the composite material, which adheres to the walls of the cavity through the PUR foam, in the cavity in order to counteract any loosening of the composite material that may occur over a longer period of time of the track part according to the invention. In this case, the cover element is preferably arranged at a distance from the plane of the bottom surface of the track part if, as described above, decoupling from the substructure of the track is to be achieved.
In diesem Zusammenhang ist die Erfindung bevorzugt dahingehend weitergebildet, dass das Abdeckelement mit einer Wand des Hohlraums starr, insbesondere stofflich verbunden ist. Die Verbindung des Abdeckelements mit dem Gleisteil ist somit möglichst fest, um eine möglichst unveränderliche Stützung des Verbundwerkstoffs im Hohlraum zu gewährleisten. Unter einer stofflichen Verbindung wird beispielsweise eine Verbindung durch Schweißen verstanden.In this context, the invention is preferably further developed such that the cover element is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a wall of the cavity. The connection of the cover element to the track part is thus as strong as possible in order to ensure that the composite material is supported as unchangeably as possible in the cavity. A material connection is understood to mean, for example, a connection by welding.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ist das Abdeckelement mit einem Gewindestab verschraubt, der mit einer Bodenwand des Hohlraums starr, insbesondere stofflich verbunden ist. Bei dieser bevorzugten Art der Befestigung des Abdeckelements wird der Verbundwerkstoff vom Gewindestab durchsetzt und es wird eine besonders gute Kraftübertragung auf das Abdeckelement und somit auf den Verbundwerkstoff im Hohlraum erzielt, um ein Ablösen des Verbundwerkstoffs von den Wänden des Hohlraums zu verhindern und um die Aktivierung des Verbundwerkstoffs zu gewährleisten.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigid with a bottom wall of the cavity, is in particular materially connected. With this preferred type of fastening of the cover element, the composite material is penetrated by the threaded rod and a particularly good transmission of force to the cover element and thus to the composite material in the cavity is achieved in order to prevent the composite material from detaching from the walls of the cavity and to activate the ensure composite material.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich ist die vorliegende Erfindung dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Abdeckelement mit Seitenwänden des wenigstens einen Hohlraums verbunden ist, vorzugsweise stofflich oder unter Verwendung von Befestigungselementen verbunden ist. Das Abdeckelement kann demgemäß an den Seitenwänden des Hohlraums verschweißt sein oder über verschweißte oder in die Seitenwände eingeschraubte Befestigungselemente, wie beispielsweise Klammern oder Befestigungswinkel oder dgl. befestigt werden.Alternatively or additionally, the present invention is characterized in that the cover element is connected to side walls of the at least one cavity, preferably connected materially or using fastening elements. Accordingly, the cover element can be welded to the side walls of the cavity or fastened by means of fastening elements that are welded or screwed into the side walls, such as clamps or fastening angles or the like.
Eine weitere verbesserte Sicherung der Anbindung des Verbundwerkstoffs an die Wände des Hohlraums erfolgt gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung dergestalt, dass das Abdeckelement nach dem Aushärten des Schaumstoffs mit dem Gleisteil verspannbar ist. Dies ist im besonderen Maße bei der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsform realisierbar, bei der das Abdeckelement mit einem Gewindestab verschraubt ist, der mit einer Bodenwand des Hohlraums starr, insbesondere stofflich verbunden ist. Nach dem Verfestigen des Schaumstoffs kann das Abdeckelement, geführt durch den Gewindestab auf die Oberfläche des Schaumstoffs aufgelegt und danach mit einer Mutter verschraubt werden. Je nachdem, wie fest die Mutter angezogen wird, erfolgt eine Verspannung des Abdeckelements und somit des Verbundwerkstoffs in dem Hohlraum, wodurch auch die Dichte und dadurch die Dämpfungseigenschaften des Verbundwerkstoffs zusätzlich beeinflusst werden können.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection of the composite material to the walls of the cavity is further improved in that the covering element can be clamped to the track part after the foam has hardened. This can be realized to a particular degree in the embodiment described above, in which the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a bottom wall of the cavity. After the foam has solidified, the cover element, guided by the threaded rod, can be placed on the surface of the foam and then screwed with a nut. Depending on how tightly the nut is tightened, the cover element and thus the composite material in it are braced Cavity, whereby the density and thus the damping properties of the composite material can also be influenced.
Bevorzugt ist das Abdeckelement als Abdeckgitter ausgebildet. Ein Abdeckgitter bietet hinsichtlich der Sicherung des Verbundwerkstoffs in dem Hohlraum in einer seitlichen Richtung gewisse Vorteile und gestattet es darüber hinaus, dass nach Niederschlägen der Bereich zwischen dem Verbundwerkstoff und dem Abdeckgitter trocknen kann, was der Lebensdauer des Verbundwerkstoffs über eine lange Liegezeit zuträglich sein kann.The covering element is preferably designed as a covering grid. A cover grid offers certain advantages in terms of securing the composite in the cavity in a lateral direction and also allows the area between the composite and the cover grid to dry out after precipitation, which can improve the durability of the composite over a long period of time.
Die im Zusammenhang mit der vorliegenden Erfindung bedeutsamsten Lärmemissionen im Schienenverkehr entstehen bei der Überfahrt eines Schienenfahrzeuges über ein Weichenherzstück. Schienenweichen setzen sich aus dem geraden Hauptgleis und dem gekrümmten Zweiggleis zusammen. Das Weichenherzstück ist ein zentrales Element in der Weiche. Hier schneiden sich die innenliegenden Schienen. Diese werden an der sogenannten Herzstücklücke unterbrochen, damit der Spurkranz eines Rades, das die gegenüberliegende Flügelschiene befährt, ungestört hindurchfahren kann. Zum Herzstück gehören Herzstückspitze, Herzstücklücke und die Flügelschienen sowie Anschlussschienen. Bei der Überfahrt über die Herzstücklücke verursacht die unterbrochene Fahrfläche einen dynamischen Schlag an der Herzstückspitze. Diese Stoßbelastung führt zu einer breitbandigen Schwingungsanregung des Herzstücks und der umliegenden Gleise. Diese Schwingungen werden in Form von hörbarem Luftschall und spürbarem Körperschall an die Umgebung abgegeben und wirken störend. Gleichzeitig weisen Weichenherzstücke konstruktionsbedingt an ihrer Unterseite Hohlräume auf, die wie ein Resonanzkörper wirken und die Lärmemissionen weiter verstärken. Die vorliegende Erfindung wird daher dann mit besonderer Wirkung zum Einsatz gebracht, wenn das Gleisteil ein Weichenherzstück ist und sich der wenigstens eine Hohlraum in Längsrichtung zumindest über den Bereich einer Herzstückspitze des Weichenherzstücks erstreckt, wie dies einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung entspricht. Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteil kann daher eine erhebliche Reduktion der Lärmemissionen am Weichenherzstück erzielt werden.The most significant noise emissions in rail traffic in connection with the present invention arise when a rail vehicle passes over a switch frog. Rail switches consist of a straight main track and a curved branch track. The crossing frog is a central element in the switch. This is where the inner rails intersect. These are interrupted at the so-called frog gap so that the wheel flange of a wheel that drives on the opposite wing rail can pass through unhindered. The frog includes the frog tip, frog gap and the wing rails as well as the connecting rails. When crossing the frog gap, the interrupted running surface causes a dynamic impact at the frog tip. This shock load leads to a broadband vibration excitation of the frog and the surrounding tracks. These vibrations are emitted to the environment in the form of audible airborne noise and noticeable structure-borne noise and have a disruptive effect. At the same time, due to their design, crossing frogs have cavities on their underside that act like a resonating body and further increase noise emissions. The present invention is therefore used with particular effect when the track part is a switch frog and the at least one cavity extends in the longitudinal direction at least over the area of a frog tip of the switch frog, as corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. A significant reduction in noise emissions at the frog can therefore be achieved with the track part according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleisteils umfasst zumindest die folgenden Schritte:
- Bereitstellen eines Gleisteils, insbesondere eines Weichenherzstücks, insbesondere eines Mangangussherzstücks, mit zumindest einem Hohlraum,
- zumindest teilweises Befüllen des Hohlraums mit schüttfähigem, stückigem Zuschlagsstoff bzw. Zuschlagsstoffen,
- Vergießen eines verbleibenden Volumens in dem Hohlraum mit einer aufschäumbaren Masse unter Einschluss des stückigen Zuschlagsstoffes, um einen Verbundwerkstoff zu erhalten, der einen elastomeren Schaumstoff und im elastomeren Schaumstoff verteilte Stücke des stückigen Zuschlagsstoffes umfasst.
- Providing a track part, in particular a switch frog, in particular a manganese cast frog, with at least one cavity,
- at least partial filling of the cavity with pourable, lumpy aggregate or aggregates,
- Casting a remaining volume in the cavity with a foamable mass including the aggregate lump to obtain a composite material comprising an elastomeric foam and pieces of the aggregate lump distributed in the elastomeric foam.
Der Effekt der Schwingungsdämpfung gründet sich auf die Gesamtmasse von elastomerem Schaumstoff mit schüttfähigem Zuschlagsstoff beziehungsweise Zuschlagsstoffen und der dämpfenden Eigenschaften des Elastomers in dem Hohlraum. Der Zuschlagsstoff ist stückig und kann somit von der Masse des hochdämpfenden Schaumstoffs vor dem Aufschäumen umflossen werden, um einen Verbundwerkstoff in dem Hohlraum zu ergeben. Die Masse des Schaumstoffs füllt dabei auch die Hohlräume zwischen den einzelnen Stücken des Zuschlagsstoffs, wodurch ein zusammenhängender Körper des Verbundwerkstoffs erhalten wird. Der Zuschlagsstoff wird auf Grund der elastischen Eigenschaften des Schaumstoffs dabei schwingungsfähig an das Gleisteil angebunden und führt aufgrund seiner Inhomogenität zu einer breitbandigen Dämpfung von Schwingungen und damit auf einfache und besonders kostengünstige Weise zu einer merklichen Reduktion von Lärmemissionen beim Überfahren des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils.The vibration dampening effect is based on the total mass of elastomeric foam with loose aggregate or aggregates and the dampening properties of the elastomer in the cavity. The aggregate is lumpy and can therefore be flowed around by the mass of the high-damping foam before foaming, in order to produce a composite material in the cavity. The mass of foam also fills the cavities between the individual pieces of aggregate, resulting in a coherent body of composite material will. Due to the elastic properties of the foam, the aggregate is bound to the track part so that it can vibrate and, due to its inhomogeneity, leads to broadband damping of vibrations and thus to a noticeable reduction in noise emissions when driving over the track part according to the invention in a simple and particularly inexpensive manner.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist bevorzugt dahingehend weitergebildet, dass eine Oberfläche des Hohlraums vor dem Befüllen des Hohlraums mit einem Verfahren vorbehandelt wird, wie zum Beispiel Entrosten, Ätzen, Sandstrahlen und/oder Aufbringen eines Haftvermittlers zum Primen. Dies kann notwendig bzw. nützlich sein, um die Haftung des Verbundwerkstoffs an den Wänden des Hohlraums zu verbessern, um eine möglichst lange Liegezeit des mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellten Gleisteils zu ermöglichen.The method according to the invention is preferably further developed such that a surface of the cavity is pretreated before the cavity is filled with a method such as rust removal, etching, sandblasting and/or application of an adhesion promoter for priming. This can be necessary or useful in order to improve the adhesion of the composite material to the walls of the cavity, in order to allow the track part produced using the method according to the invention to remain in place for as long as possible.
Bevorzugt erfolgt das Vergießen mit einer Masse, die zu einem Polyurethan-Schaumstoff aufschäumt, insbesondere einem Polyurethan-Schaumstoff mit einer Dichte von mindestens 0,5 kg/l und einem mechanischen Verlustfaktor von größer als 0,40. Die dämpfenden Werkstoffeigenschaften des spezifischen Polyurethan-Schaumstoff werden genutzt, um die schwingende Struktur zu dämpfen.The casting preferably takes place with a mass which foams to form a polyurethane foam, in particular a polyurethane foam with a density of at least 0.5 kg/l and a mechanical loss factor of greater than 0.40. The damping material properties of the specific polyurethane foam are used to dampen the vibrating structure.
Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung werden als Zuschlagsstoff bevorzugt Silikate und/oder Schwerspat, insbesondere mit einer Dichte zwischen 2,5 kg/l und 8,0 kg/l, insbesondere 4,0 kg/l bis 7,8 kg/l, insbesondere 4,5 kg/l eingesetzt. Diese Materialien haben eine hohe Dichte und bringen daher eine wirkungsvolle Dämpfung der störenden Frequenzen der Eigenschwingungen des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils durch die Einbringung der zusätzlichen Masse und durch die Erhöhung der Steifigkeit mit sich.In the present invention, silicates and/or barite, in particular with a density between 2.5 kg/l and 8.0 kg/l, in particular 4.0 kg/l to 7.8 kg/l, in particular 4 .5 kg/l used. These materials have a high density and therefore provide effective damping of the interfering frequencies Natural vibrations of the track part according to the invention by the introduction of the additional mass and by increasing the stiffness with it.
Alternativ oder zusätzlich werden als Zuschlagsstoff Kammerfüllsteine, insbesondere aus Beton, und/oder Metallkörper eingesetzt, wie dies einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung entspricht.Alternatively or additionally, chamber filling stones, in particular made of concrete, and/or metal bodies are used as aggregate, as corresponds to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Bevorzugt wird ein Zuschlagsstoff mit einem Äquivalentdurchmesser von mindestens 2 mm der Stücke des Zuschlagsstoffs eingesetzt. Diese Mindestkorngröße ist darüber hinaus anzustreben, um den raschen und zuverlässigen Einschluss des Zuschlagsstoffs im Schaumstoff zu gewährleisten, was naturgemäß für eine zuverlässige Festlegung des Zuschlagsstoffs im erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteil bevorzugt und hinsichtlich der dämpfungswirksamen Anbindung des Zuschlagsstoffs an das gesamte schwingende System des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils anzustreben ist.Preferably, an aggregate having an equivalent diameter of at least 2 mm of aggregate pieces is used. This minimum grain size should also be aimed for in order to ensure the rapid and reliable inclusion of the aggregate in the foam, which is naturally preferred for reliable fixing of the aggregate in the track part according to the invention and is desirable with regard to the damping-effective connection of the aggregate to the entire vibrating system of the track part according to the invention.
Bevorzugt wird in dem Hohlraum wenigstens ein Abdeckelement befestigt, welches das vom Verbundwerkstoff einnehmbare Volumen zu einer Unterseite des Gleisteils hin begrenzt. Dies dient im weitesten Sinne dazu, den Verbundwerkstoff, der an sich durch den PUR-Schaumstoff an den Wänden des Hohlraums haftet, zusätzlich mechanisch im Hohlraum zu halten, um einer möglicherweise über eine längere Liegezeit des erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteils erfolgenden Lockerung des Verbundwerkstoffs entgegen zu wirken.At least one cover element is preferably fastened in the cavity, which limits the volume that can be occupied by the composite material towards an underside of the track part. In the broadest sense, this serves to additionally mechanically hold the composite material, which adheres to the walls of the cavity through the PUR foam, in the cavity in order to counteract any loosening of the composite material that may occur over a longer period of time of the track part according to the invention.
Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung erfolgt das Befüllen oder Vergießen durch einen nicht durch das zumindest eine Abdeckelement abgedeckten Bereich einer Öffnung des Hohlraums. Dies bedeutet, dass zuerst das Abdeckelement an dem Gleisteil festgelegt wird und das Befüllen durch einen Freiraum oder Spalt zwischen einer Öffnung des Hohlraums und dem Abdeckelement erfolgt. Diese Vorgehensweise ist naturgemäß nur mit einem Verbundwerkstoff wie bei der vorliegenden Erfindung möglich, der aufgrund seiner schüttfähigen und stückigen Zuschlagsstoffe einfach eingefüllt und nicht aufwendig im Hohlraum angeordnet und ortsspezifisch festgelegt werden muss.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filling or encapsulation takes place through a not covered by the at least one cover element Area of an opening of the cavity. This means that first the cover element is fixed to the track part and the filling takes place through a free space or gap between an opening of the cavity and the cover element. This procedure is of course only possible with a composite material as in the present invention, which due to its pourable and lumpy additives simply filled in and does not have to be arranged in the cavity and fixed in a location-specific manner.
Eine weitere verbesserte Sicherung der Anbindung des Verbundwerkstoffs an die Wände des Hohlraums erfolgt gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung dergestalt, dass das Abdeckelement nach dem Aushärten des Schaumstoffs mit dem Gleisteil verspannt wird. Dies ist im besonderen Maße bei der zuvor im Zusammenhang mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Gleisteil beschriebenen Ausführungsform realisierbar, bei der das Abdeckelement mit einem Gewindestab verschraubt ist, der mit einer Bodenwand des Hohlraums starr, insbesondere stofflich verbunden ist. Je nachdem, wie fest die Mutter angezogen wird, erfolgt eine Verspannung des Abdeckelements und somit des Verbundwerkstoffs in dem Hohlraum, wodurch auch die Dichte und dadurch die Dämpfungseigenschaften des Verbundwerkstoffs zusätzlich beeinflusst werden können.According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection of the composite material to the walls of the cavity is further improved in that the covering element is clamped to the track part after the foam has hardened. This can be realized to a particular degree in the embodiment described above in connection with the track part according to the invention, in which the cover element is screwed to a threaded rod which is rigidly, in particular materially, connected to a bottom wall of the cavity. Depending on how tightly the nut is tightened, the cover element and thus the composite material are braced in the cavity, which means that the density and thus the damping properties of the composite material can also be influenced.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert. In dieser zeigen
-
Fig. 1 eine der Lauffläche gegenüberliegende Unterseite eines Weichenherzstücks, -
Fig. 2a-2d eine Mehrzahl von Querschnittansichten des Weichenherzstücks entlang der Linien A-A, B-B, D-D sowie E-E gemäßFig. 1 , -
Fig. 3 eine Darstellung eines repräsentativen Abschnitts eines Weichenherzstücks gemäßFig. 1 , -
Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf einen durch ein Abdeckelement abgedeckten Bereich eines Hohlraums in einem Weichenherzstück und -
Fig. 5 eine diagrammatische Darstellung der Reduktion des Schallpegels in unmittelbarer Umgebung eines erfindungsgemäßen Weichenherzstücks.
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1 an underside of a switch frog opposite the running surface, -
Figures 2a-2d a plurality of cross-sectional views of the frog along the lines AA, BB, DD and EE according to FIG1 , -
3 12 is a representation of a representative section of a switch frog according to FIG1 , -
4 a plan view of a covered by a cover portion of a cavity in a switch frog and -
figure 5 a diagrammatic representation of the reduction of the sound level in the immediate vicinity of a switch frog according to the invention.
In
In den Schnittdarstellungen nach
In
In
Messergebnisse aus einem Laborversuch sind in
Claims (24)
Priority Applications (9)
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EP20020316.4A EP3936662B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Rail section |
ES20020316T ES2932154T3 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | rail part |
PT200203164T PT3936662T (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Rail section |
HUE20020316A HUE060877T2 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Rail section |
CN202180048253.4A CN115768949A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2021-06-29 | Rail member |
PCT/IB2021/055787 WO2022009020A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2021-06-29 | Track component |
KR1020237004307A KR20230037039A (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2021-06-29 | track component |
ARP210101892A AR122888A1 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2021-07-07 | TRACK PART |
TW110124967A TWI788908B (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2021-07-07 | Track part and method for producing the same |
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EP20020316.4A EP3936662B1 (en) | 2020-07-08 | 2020-07-08 | Rail section |
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US8714462B1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2014-05-06 | Polycorp Ltd. | Special track assembly and methods of making same |
EP3190229A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-12 | Polycorp Ltd. | Vibration and noise reducing railway profile |
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DE10215255A1 (en) * | 2002-04-07 | 2003-10-16 | Wirthwein Ag | Damping agent for rails |
DE102012022847A1 (en) * | 2012-11-23 | 2014-05-28 | Wirthwein Ag | Damping module for reducing vibrations or noise development on rails |
CN105332324B (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2018-01-12 | 中格复合材料(南通)有限公司 | A kind of composite material sleeper |
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2020
- 2020-07-08 ES ES20020316T patent/ES2932154T3/en active Active
- 2020-07-08 HU HUE20020316A patent/HUE060877T2/en unknown
- 2020-07-08 PT PT200203164T patent/PT3936662T/en unknown
- 2020-07-08 EP EP20020316.4A patent/EP3936662B1/en active Active
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- 2021-06-29 KR KR1020237004307A patent/KR20230037039A/en unknown
- 2021-07-07 AR ARP210101892A patent/AR122888A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2021-07-07 TW TW110124967A patent/TWI788908B/en active
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US8714462B1 (en) * | 2008-07-09 | 2014-05-06 | Polycorp Ltd. | Special track assembly and methods of making same |
EP3190229A1 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-12 | Polycorp Ltd. | Vibration and noise reducing railway profile |
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ES2932154T3 (en) | 2023-01-13 |
AR122888A1 (en) | 2022-10-12 |
CN115768949A (en) | 2023-03-07 |
PT3936662T (en) | 2022-12-07 |
TWI788908B (en) | 2023-01-01 |
HUE060877T2 (en) | 2023-04-28 |
KR20230037039A (en) | 2023-03-15 |
WO2022009020A1 (en) | 2022-01-13 |
TW202217115A (en) | 2022-05-01 |
EP3936662B1 (en) | 2022-10-05 |
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