EP3936249A1 - Measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-like product guided over the measuring roller - Google Patents

Abstract

Measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped product guided over the measuring roller, in particular a metal strip, with- a measuring roller body 1 with a peripheral surface,- at least one recess 3 in the measuring roller body 1, which is arranged at a distance from the peripheral surface or from the peripheral surface into the interior of the measuring roller body 1 and with a first force sensor 7a, which is arranged in the recess 3, and a second force sensor 7b, which is arranged in the recess 3 or another recess 3 adjacent to the recess 3, with the first force sensor 7a having a sensor surface and the first force sensor 7a can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the first force sensor 7a changes and the second force sensor 7b has a sensor surface and the second force sensor 7b can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the second force sensor 7b changes .

Description

The invention relates to a measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped product guided over the measuring roller, in particular a metal strip. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for determining a property of a strip-shaped product guided over the measuring roller, in particular a metal strip. The invention also relates to the use of such a measuring roller.

Measuring rollers are used in cold and hot rolling of metal strip and are made, for example, from DE 42 36 657 A1 known.

For the conventional measurement of flatness when rolling strips, methods are essentially used in which the strip is guided with a certain angle of wrap over a measuring roller equipped with force sensors.

This is how it happens at the in the DE 42 36 657 A1 described measuring roller to a contact between force transducers or their covers, which are arranged in the measuring roller surface open radial recesses of the measuring roller, and the tape. There is a cylindrical gap between the force sensors mounted on the bottom of their recess and the wall of the recess surrounding them. This gap can be closed with an O-ring with a shoulder seal or with a plastic layer with a front seal in order to prevent the ingress of dirt, for example belt wear and lubricants, into the annular gap between the force sensor and the body of the measuring roller. Also it is possible as in the DE 42 36 657 A1 in the 1c is shown to place the sensor in a recess of the full roll, which is then covered with a membrane worked on.

The arrangement of the force sensors at a distance from the surrounding wall and the closing of the annular gap with the help of an O-ring or a sufficiently elastic plastic ( DE 196 16 980 A1 ) prevents lateral forces acting in the body of the measuring roller during rolling from having a disruptive effect on the force sensors and the measurement result. Such disruptive forces are the result of the strip tension acting on the measuring roller and the associated deflection of the measuring roller. Its cross-section takes the form of an ellipse, the longer axis of which runs parallel to the strip. The deflection of the measuring roller gives the force sensor the illusion of an unevenness in the strip when it is transmitted to the measuring transducer by a force shunt. Such a force shunt cannot be completely avoided when using a seal in the annular gap, since the sealing forces inevitably act on the force sensor.

Out DE 102 07 501 C1 discloses a full roll for determining flatness deviations when treating strip-shaped material, in particular metal strip, with force sensors arranged in recesses, in which the force sensors are axially accessible. The making of the axially running recesses is often carried out with deep-hole drilling tools. In the case of measuring rollers with barrel widths > 1000 mm, very long drilling tools must be used, since the drilling tool must first be moved over the sometimes very long pins for drilling the recess on the face side. A misaligned drill channel is often the cause.

Out DE 20 2007 001 066 U1 a measuring roller for determining flatness deviations when treating strip-shaped material, in particular metal strip, with a measuring roller body and a casing tube at least partially surrounding the measuring roller body and force sensors arranged in recesses is known, with the recesses extending from one end face of the measuring roller into the measuring roller body and/or extends into the jacket tube. The recess can be closed at the front with a cover. The journals of this measuring roller provided on the face side are formed on the measuring roller body. A disadvantage of this measuring roller is the weakening of the measuring roller body or the jacket tube due to the recesses made. With wide measuring rollers, as with deep hole drilling, running over the bearing journal is a major disadvantage. Another problem is the closing of the channels/grooves incorporated up to the front side, since these are not as in the DE 102 07 501 C1 with drilling tools (round channels) but with milling tools (square channels).

The measuring rollers of the prior art determine the flatness of the strip using individual sensors distributed over the circumference of the measuring roller. The measurement results of the individual sensors for determining the flatness are often related to one another during the evaluation. With the measuring rollers of the prior art, measuring errors always occur when the metal strip vibrates. This is the case, for example, when the measuring roller is arranged near a coiler. As a result of the vibration, the magnitude of the force acting on the individual force sensor no longer depends solely on the strip tension and the flatness of the strip, but is amplified or reduced by the vibration. This leads to measurement errors, especially with evaluation methods that compare the measurement results from individual sensors distributed over the circumference.

The invention is based on the problem of increasing the informative value of the tests carried out with such measuring rollers on the properties of the strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller.

This object is solved by the subject matter of claims 1, 8 and 9. Advantageous embodiments are explained in more detail in the dependent claims and the following description.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist. Alternativ geht die Erfindung von dem Grundgedanken aus, den ersten Kraftsensor in einer ersten Ausnehmung des Messrollenkörpers der Messrolle und den zweiten Kraftsensor in einer zur ersten Ausnehmung benachbarten zweiten Ausnehmung anzuordnen und die beiden Kraftsensoren so nahe beieinander anzuordnen, dass der Winkel zwischen einer in Radialrichtung der Messrolle verlaufenden Endbegrenzungslinie, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensor am nächsten ist, und einer Linie, die

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist.The invention is based on the basic idea of arranging a first force sensor next to a second force sensor in a recess in the measuring roller body of the measuring roller and arranging the two force sensors so close together that either the sensor surface of the first force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of the second force sensor or the first force sensor is arranged so close to the second force sensor that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point of the sensor surface of the first force sensor, which is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, and a line which

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°. Alternatively, the invention is based on the basic idea of placing the first force sensor in a first recess of the measuring roller body of the measuring roller and the second force sensor in a second recess adjacent to the first to arrange a recess and to arrange the two force sensors so close together that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, and a line which

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°.

It is known from the prior art to arrange a plurality of force sensors in a recess in the measuring roller body. DE 102 07 501 C1 teaches at column 3, lines 1 and 2 to space a plurality of force sensors in a recess. the US 2013/0298625 A1 shows in her 2 also several force sensors spaced apart from each other. the DE 10 2014 012 426 A1 teaches in [0021] to arrange several force sensors in a recess and substantiates this teaching in its 2 characterized in that a plurality of force sensors are spaced from each other in the recess. The general teaching can be gathered from the state of the art that when there are several force sensors arranged in a recess, these should be arranged at a clear distance from one another. This may be based on the endeavor to distribute the existing (few) force sensors as widely as possible in the respective recess in order to set up the measurement as broadly as possible over the possible width of the measuring field predetermined by the length of the recess. Furthermore, this far-spaced arrangement of the force sensors within the recess may be based on the idea of avoiding erroneous measurements. When measuring a force acting radially on the measuring roller body of a measuring roller by means of a force sensor, which is arranged at a distance from the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body in a recess of the measuring roller body, there is the problem that the radially acting force is transmitted through the material of the measuring roller body through which it penetrates must be scattered in order to reach the sensor surface of the force sensor. This phenomenon is called a stress cone or "Rötscher cone". This effect means that an arrangement of the force sensors that is clearly spaced apart from one another within a recess is preferred. In this way it can be avoided that two force sensors arranged adjacent to one another supply measuring signals in the course of the flatness measurement which are caused by a single radial force acting at a single point on the circumferential surface of the measuring roller body and for some evaluation methods of the prior art should actually only be measured by one of the two sensors.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist.The invention has now recognized that advantages are achieved both within the flatness measurement of strip-shaped material, in particular of metal strip, but also when determining other properties of a strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller, if a first force sensor is arranged in the recess next to the second force sensor is that either the sensor surface of the first force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of the second force sensor or the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, and a line that

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°.

The invention makes it possible to arrange as many force sensors as possible in a row. The number of measuring points on the circumference of the measuring roller can thus be reduced. It is even conceivable in a preferred embodiment to arrange all the force sensors that are necessary for determining the property, for example the flatness, in a single axially running recess or in a single row of radially running bores arranged next to one another. This concentrated arrangement of the individual sensors on a line reduces the influence of vibrations on the measurement result. All sensors arranged in this way see the strip-shaped product in the same state of vibration, so that relative statements can be made more precisely. This increases the informative value of the tests carried out with such measuring rollers on the properties of the strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller. For the measurement of the flatness, the arrangement of the force sensors according to the invention can also offer the advantage of a higher resolution and a more precise depiction of the actual flatness.

The measuring roller according to the invention has a measuring roller body. The measuring roller body preferably has a closed peripheral surface. In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body is a full roller, which extends along a Long axis extends. A full roller is understood to mean a measuring roller body that is in one piece and whose shape was produced either with a primary shaping process, for example casting, and/or whose geometric shape was produced by a cutting process, in particular by machining, in particular by turning, drilling, milling or grinding from a one-piece semi-finished product will be produced. In a preferred embodiment, with such a measuring roller body designed as a full roller, the measuring roller pins arranged on the front side of the measuring roller for the rotatable mounting of the measuring roller, for example in ball bearings, are also part of the one-piece body. However, there are also designs such as, for example 2 DE 20 2014 006 820 U1 are conceivable, in which the main part of the measuring roller body is designed as a cylindrical solid roller, which has covers arranged on the front side, on which the measuring roller pins are designed. Furthermore, the measuring roller body according to the invention can, for example, like that in 3 the DE 20 2014 006 820 U1 executed measuring roller body be formed, in which the measuring roller body is formed with molded pin and over the measuring roller body a jacket tube is pushed. In a particularly preferred embodiment, however, the measuring roller does not have a jacket tube, but is designed as a solid roller. Embodiments are conceivable in which the measuring roller body according to the invention is formed from individual disks arranged next to one another, as is the case, for example, in DE 26 30 410 C2 will be shown.

The measuring roller body of the measuring roller according to the invention preferably has a closed peripheral surface. This can be achieved, for example, in that the measuring roller body is designed as a solid roller and all the recesses provided in the measuring roller body are designed in such a way that no recess leads from the recess to the peripheral surface. In such an embodiment, the recesses are particularly preferably guided axially and have an opening on one end face of the measuring roller body, or transverse channels are provided within the measuring roller body, which lead from the recess radially further into the interior of the measuring roller body, for example to a collecting channel in the center of the measuring roller body. A closed peripheral surface of the measuring roller body can also be achieved in that in embodiments in which the respective recess has a recess leading in the direction of the peripheral surface, this is closed by a closure element. Such a closure element can be a casing tube that completely surrounds a base body of the measuring roller body, as for example in FIGS 3 and 4 the DE 10 2014 012 426 A1 shown. However, the closure element can also be in the manner of in DE 197 47 655 A1 be formed cover shown. In a preferred embodiment, however, the measuring roller does not have a jacket tube, but is designed as a solid roller, either one in which no recess leads from the recess to the peripheral surface, or one in which the respective recess has a Direction to the peripheral surface is leading recess, but which is closed by a closure element, such as a cover. In addition, coatings, for example the peripheral surface of a solid roller or the peripheral surface of a casing tube, are conceivable, for example to reduce friction or to protect the strip-shaped material to be guided over the measuring roller.

At least one recess is provided in the measuring roller body of the measuring roller according to the invention. It has been shown that the advantages of the invention can already be achieved with a single recess in the measuring roller body. It is thus conceivable in the case of the flatness measurement to provide information about the flatness of the strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller once per revolution of the measuring roller.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body has a plurality of recesses. In a preferred embodiment, the recesses are designed at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. In a preferred embodiment, all of the recesses are distributed equidistantly from one another in the circumferential direction. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which a first group of recesses is provided, which are particularly preferably arranged at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis and distributed equidistantly in the circumferential direction, and in which at least one further recess is provided in addition to this first group of recesses , which is either designed differently with respect to its radial distance from the longitudinal axis than the recesses of the first group and/or does not have the same distance in the circumferential direction to the other recesses as the other recesses have to one another. For example, it is conceivable to design a measuring roller with regard to the flatness measurement like a measuring roller of the prior art, for example like that from FIG DE 102 07 501 known full role or the off DE 10 2014 012 426 A1 known measuring rollers, but then, for the inventive equipment, these measuring rollers of the prior art are provided with a further recess made outside the grid, with which, for example, a different measurement is carried out. The recesses mentioned in this paragraph are preferably those that run in the axial direction of the measuring roller body. Embodiments are also conceivable in which the measuring roller has a single recess and all the force sensors of the measuring roller are arranged in a single recess, for example in a single axially running recess.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body has a closed peripheral surface and is closed off at each end by an end face. In a preferred embodiment, the end faces are arranged at an angle of 90° to the peripheral surface.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has bearing journals. In a preferred embodiment, in embodiments of the measuring roller with end faces, the bearing journals are formed on the end faces.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller body is cylindrical.

In a first variant of the invention, the measuring roller according to the invention is designed with at least one recess in the measuring roller body, which is arranged at a distance from the peripheral surface, with the recess not opening towards the peripheral surface, or no further recess leading away from the recess, for example no bore leads to the peripheral surface. In a second variant of the invention, the recess leads from the peripheral surface into the interior of the measuring roller body, but is closed by a closure element. In a preferred embodiment, in the embodiments in which the measuring roller is designed with a plurality of recesses in the measuring roller body, which are arranged at a distance from the peripheral surfaces, either all recesses are designed in such a way that no recess, e.g. no bore, leads from the recess to the peripheral surface (nor does the recess itself open into the peripheral surface), or some recesses are designed in such a way that no recess leads from the respective recess to the peripheral surface, while other recesses have a recess leading in the direction of the peripheral surface, but which passes through a closure element is closed. As stated above, the closure element is a cover or, for example, a jacket tube.

In a preferred embodiment, a recess in the measuring roller body extends in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. If, according to a preferred embodiment, several recesses are provided in the measuring roller body, it is preferred that all recesses of the measuring roller body each extend in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. In a preferred embodiment, the respective recess opens out at least at one of its ends, preferably at both of its ends, on an end face of the measuring roller body. A recess ending on an end face of a measuring roller body can be closed by an end cap, with this end cap only closing this recess. Embodiments are also conceivable in which the end face of the measuring roller body is completely closed by a cover, as for example in 1 and 2 , or. 4 the DE 10 2014 012 426 A1 shown.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess is elongate, "elongate" meaning that the recess is larger in a first direction (in the longitudinal direction of the recess) than in any direction perpendicular to this direction. In a preferred embodiment, the extent of the elongate recess in the longitudinal direction is twice, or more preferably more than twice, greater than in any direction perpendicular to that direction. In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the recess encloses an angle with the longitudinal direction of the measuring roller body that is less than 75°, particularly preferably <45°, particularly preferably <30°, particularly preferably <10°, particularly preferably <5°. In a preferred embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the recess is not perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. If - which would be conceivable in one embodiment - the longitudinal axis of the recess and the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body do not intersect, the above-mentioned design rule applies to the projection of the longitudinal axis of the recess onto the plane that contains the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. In these embodiments, the projection of the longitudinal axis of the recess onto a plane that contains the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body is designed in such a way that the projection of the longitudinal direction of the recess encloses an angle with the longitudinal direction of the measuring roller body that is less than 75°, in particular preferably <45°, particularly preferably <30°, particularly preferably <10°, particularly preferably <5°. In the preferred embodiments in which the recess extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body, the longitudinal axis of the recess obviously does not intersect the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body, nor does a projection of the longitudinal axis onto a plane containing the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body intersect the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body does not cut. In DE 20 2007 001 066 U1 a measuring roller with elongated recesses is shown, for example.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist.In other preferred embodiments, the recesses are not elongated but are designed as pockets running radially, as they are shown, for example, in DE 198 38 457 A1 are shown. In these embodiments, the cross section of the radially running recesses can either be made so large that they can accommodate two force sensors, for example if the cross section has the shape of the number 8. Alternatively, in these embodiments, one force sensor can be provided for each recess, but the recesses are arranged so close together that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor, which corresponds to the sensor surface of the second force sensor is closest, and a line that

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°.

In a preferred embodiment, a first force sensor and a second force sensor are arranged in a recess (if the measuring roller has only one recess: in the recess) of the measuring roller. The first force sensor has a sensor surface, with the force sensor being able to generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the first force sensor changes. Furthermore, the second force sensor has a sensor surface, with the second force sensor being able to generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the second force sensor changes. Force sensors are referred to as force sensors because they are used to measure forces, particularly compressive forces. In order to measure the force acting on them, the force sensors are designed in such a way that they have a sensor surface and can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface changes. The force sensors usually have an associated reference system and react to changes in the position of the sensor surface in this reference system. Force sensors often have a housing. The reference system is then often the housing. In such an embodiment, the force sensor can determine, for example, whether the position of the sensor surface has changed relative to the housing. If the force sensor is designed as a piezoelectric force sensor, for example, it has a piezo quartz that can generate an electrical signal when the position of one of its surfaces is changed relative to a reference surface, for example an opposite surface of the piezo quartz, the piezo Quartz, for example, is compressed. In the case of a force sensor designed as a strain gauge, a change in the position of the surface of the force sensor changes the length of the measuring wire or the measuring grid formed from measuring wires, mostly stretched, but sometimes also compressed. In the case of a force sensor designed as an optical force sensor, the optical properties of the force sensor, for example the refractive index or reflection properties, are changed by the change in the position of the surface.

The force sensors to be used according to the invention have a sensor surface whose change in position is used by the force sensor to determine a force acting on it observed. Embodiments are conceivable in which the sensor surface is a surface of the element whose properties are changed to generate the sensor signal, for example a surface of the piezo-quartz itself. However, such force sensors often have intermediate pieces on which the sensor surface is formed. Frequently, such spacers are rigid blocks in which a change in the position of one surface of the rigid block immediately results in a change in the position of the opposite surface due to the rigidity of the block. Such intermediate pieces can be used to design the sensor surface to protrude from other parts of the force sensor, in particular from a housing. A sensor surface that protrudes over other parts of the force sensor increases the measurement accuracy because a clearly defined surface is created on which the environment can act. Protruding sensor surfaces can, for example, prevent measurement errors due to force shunts. The force sensor according to the invention can, for example, like that in DE 1 773 551 A1 be designed as shown force sensor and arranged in a housing, having a piezo element consisting of a multilayer crystal arrangement, which is arranged between two force transmission discs. In such an embodiment, the sensor surface would be the outer surface of the in 1 the DE 1 773 551 A1 upper power transmission disc or the outer surface of the in 1 the DE 1 773 551 A1 lower power transmission pulley.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is flat. In a preferred embodiment, the surface normal of the flat sensor surface of the first force sensor points in the direction of the peripheral surface. The surface normal of the sensor surface of the second force sensor is also flat in a preferred embodiment and also points in the direction of the peripheral surface in a preferred embodiment. In a preferred embodiment, the surface normal of the sensor surface of the first force sensor is parallel to the surface normal of the sensor surface of the second force sensor. In a preferred embodiment, a radial direction of the measuring roller body is a surface normal of the sensor surface of the first and/or the second force sensor.

In a preferred embodiment, the surface normal of a flat sensor surface at the point on the sensor surface at which the sensor surface is intersected by a radial line of the measuring roller body is at an angle to this radial line of the measuring roller body that is less than 45°, particularly preferably less than 20 °, particularly preferably less than 10°, particularly preferably less than 5°.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface of a force sensor used in the measuring roller according to the invention, in particular of the first force sensor and/or the second force sensor, is a flat surface.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface of the first force sensor is symmetrical with respect to the plane that contains the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body and that intersects the sensor surface of the force sensor and in which a surface normal of the sensor surface also lies.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is ring-shaped, in particular in the form of a circular ring. Equally preferred are embodiments in which the sensor surface is circular or elliptical. Rectangular, square or polygonal sensor surfaces are also conceivable. In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is flat.

In a preferred embodiment, the sensor surface is a surface that is emphasized from the other elements of the force sensor and is in contact with a boundary surface of the recess or is in contact with a closure element that closes the recess towards the peripheral surface.

In a preferred embodiment, at least two force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention, particularly preferably the majority of the force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention, particularly preferably all force sensors used in the measuring roller according to the invention, are of the same type, and are therefore of the same type and in particular of the same series, in particular preferably constructed identically.

According to a first alternative of the measuring roller according to the invention, the first force sensor is arranged in the recess next to the second force sensor. This means that the sensor surface of the first force sensor is arranged closer to an end face of the measuring roller body than the sensor surface of the second force sensor. It is conceivable that the first force sensor is arranged offset in the circumferential direction in relation to the second force sensor in the recess. In a preferred embodiment, however, the first force sensor and the second force sensor are not offset from one another in the circumferential direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the first force sensor and the second force sensor are arranged at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body.

• ∘ in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• ∘ die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• ∘ den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist.In the measuring roller according to the invention, it is provided that either the sensor surface of the first force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, or that the first force sensor is arranged so close to the second force sensor that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which Point of the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, and a line that

• ∘ Passing in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor with the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor lies, connects, and
• ∘ intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• ∘ intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°.

Of the two alternatives according to the invention mentioned above, the one in which the sensor surface of the first force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of the second force sensor is particularly preferred. For example, in the case of circular or annular sensor surfaces, a point lying on the circumference of the circular or annular first sensor surface would adjoin a point lying on the circumference of the circular or annular second sensor surface. In such an embodiment of the invention, the radial forces acting on the circumference of the measuring roller could be measured without gaps. However, it is to be expected that such an arrangement leads to a force shunt and movements of the first sensor surface due to forces acting on the first sensor surface lead to movements of the second sensor surface, for example due to friction on the peripheral edges of the sensor surfaces. A force shunt could only be prevented if the peripheral surfaces of the sensor surfaces are so smooth that no frictional forces are transmitted. It can therefore be assumed that in the practically relevant implementation, the sensor surfaces will mainly be arranged at a slight distance from one another so that the measurement results of the respective sensor surface are not influenced by loads on an adjacent sensor surface.

• ∘ in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• ∘ die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• ∘ den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist.In the other alternative according to the invention, the sensor surfaces are arranged at a distance from one another, but so close to one another that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which defines the point intersects the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor and a line that

• ∘ Passing in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor with the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor lies, connects, and
• ∘ intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• ∘ intersects the point on the sensor face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor face of the first force sensor,

is less than 65°.

The design rule claimed according to the invention is based on a radial end boundary line. In practical use, the measuring roller is regularly used to measure radially acting forces. These forces occur when the strip-shaped material to be examined partially wraps around the measuring roller. Through the point at which it intersects the peripheral surface, the end boundary line defines the point at which a radially acting force is still just above the sensor surface of one force sensor; and be it in the case of a sensor surface designed in the form of a circle or annulus, even just above a point on the circumference of the sensor surface.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt.

Based on this end boundary line, the invention determines the distance to the adjacent sensor surface on the angular position of a line that

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor.

According to the invention, the angle between these lines is less than 65°, particularly preferably less than 55° and particularly preferably less than or equal to 45°, particularly preferably less than or equal to 40°, particularly preferably less than or equal to 35°, particularly preferably less than or equal to 30° , more preferably less than or equal to 20°, more preferably less than or equal to 10°, more preferably less than or equal to 5°.

According to the invention, embodiments are thus also provided in which parts of the second sensor surface lie within the "Rötscher cone" which emanates from a radially acting force which acts on the peripheral surface at the intersection of the end boundary line and the peripheral surface.

In a preferred embodiment, the line connecting the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor with the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor runs parallel to the Longitudinal axis of the measuring roller. This is the case in particular when the first force sensor and the second force sensor are arranged in an elongated recess and the direction of the longitudinal extent of the recess runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the first force sensor is arranged in a first radial recess, preferably a pocket, and the second force sensor is arranged in a second radial recess, preferably a pocket. In such an embodiment, the line connecting the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor with the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor can also be parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which the radial recess of the first force sensor is offset axially (in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller) and in the circumferential direction of the measuring roller relative to the radial recess of the second force sensor. In such embodiments, the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor and the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor would not be parallel to the Run along the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller. Such an alignment of the line is also given in the case of elongated recesses, the longitudinal extension of which does not run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body, but also has a component pointing in the circumferential direction.

In a preferred embodiment, the line that connects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor with the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor runs in one Angle to a plane which is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller, preferably at an angle of >1°, particularly preferably at an angle of >5°, particularly preferably at an angle of >10°, particularly preferably at an angle of >15 °, particularly preferably at an angle of >20°, particularly preferably in at an angle of >25°, particularly preferably at an angle of >30°, particularly preferably at an angle of >45°. In a preferred embodiment, the angle is ≦90°. If, according to a particularly preferred embodiment, the angle is 90°, the line that connects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor runs with the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first closest to the force sensor, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller. In a preferred embodiment, the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor and the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor are not located one behind the other in the circumferential direction.

The knowledge according to the invention can also be expressed as a function of the height of the web for embodiments in which the sensor surface rests against the recess boundary surface that is closest to the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body, the material between the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body and the recess boundary surface being the web closest to the peripheral surface of the measuring roller body. Web heights can be more than 2 mm, preferably 5 mm or more and are preferably less than 20 mm, preferably less than 15 mm and particularly preferably equal to or less than 12 mm. In an alternative way of expressing the knowledge according to the invention, the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor is less than 2.2 times the web height away from the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is the sensor surface of the first force sensor is closest, preferably less than 2 times, particularly preferably equal to or less than 1 time the web height.

In a preferred embodiment, the first force sensor and the second force sensor are arranged in a recess that leads from one end face of the measuring roller body to the opposite end face of the measuring roller body. In an alternative design, the recess in which the first force sensor and the second force sensor are located leads in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body and extends over at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 60%, particularly preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably at least 95% of the length of the measuring roller body as it results when measured from face to face (that is to say without taking the pins into account).

In the embodiment in which the measuring roller has a plurality of recesses, embodiments are conceivable in which all recesses are designed in the same way, that is to say have longitudinal extensions parallel to one another and have the same lengths. In an alternative embodiment, it is conceivable to design a measuring roller with a plurality of recesses in such a way that at least one recess satisfies the above design rule, i.e. at least 50%, particularly preferably at least 60%, particularly preferably at least 75%, particularly preferably at least 80% particularly preferably at least 90%, particularly preferably at least 95% of the length of the measuring roller body, as it results when measured from face to face (i.e. without taking the pins into account), while it is conceivable for the other recesses to be shorter are executed. figure 5 the DE 102 07 501 C1 shows a possibility of staggering the depth of the recesses in a helical manner. Such an embodiment could be supplemented with regard to the selection of the lengths of the recesses such that one of the axially running recesses shown there is designed in such a way that it runs from one end face to the opposite end face of the measuring roller.

In a preferred embodiment, the recess has an opening which is arranged on an end face of the measuring roller body. This recess can be designed to be open. However, designs are also conceivable in which the recess is closed by a cover. In the case of several recesses which end at the end face, each recess would have its own cover in this embodiment. Embodiments of the measuring roller according to the invention are also conceivable, particularly in those embodiments in which the measuring roller has a plurality of recesses, in which the measuring roller body has a front cover for closing the openings of the recesses together, for example a cover as shown in 1 or 2 the DE 10 2014 012 426 A1 will be shown. It is also conceivable, particularly for embodiments in which the measuring roller has a plurality of recesses, each of which has openings which are arranged on an end face of the measuring roller body, to close these openings with an end cover, as is shown, for example, in 1 the DE 102 07 501 C1 will be shown.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has a large number of force sensors, all of which are arranged in a recess. Particularly preferably, more than 5, particularly preferably more than 7, particularly preferably more than 10, particularly preferably more than 15 force sensors are arranged in a recess.

In a preferred embodiment, the measuring roller has a first recess in which a multiplicity of force sensors are arranged next to one another; more than 5 are particularly preferred, more than 7 are particularly preferred, particularly preferred more than 10, particularly preferably more than 15 force sensors are arranged in the first recess, while the measuring roller of this embodiment has further recesses, in each of which only a single force sensor or less than 15, particularly preferably less than 10, particularly preferably less than 7, particularly preferably less than 5 force sensors are arranged.

In a preferred embodiment of the measuring roller, in which a large number of force sensors are arranged in a recess, the force sensors are distributed equidistantly over the length of the recess, but are at least distributed equidistantly from one another (for embodiments in which the distance from the last force sensor to the end of the recess does not correspond to the distance that this last force sensor has to its neighboring (penultimate) force sensor). However, embodiments are also conceivable in which a first group of force sensors is arranged equidistant from one another and a second group of force sensors are arranged at a different distance from the force sensors of this first group, with the force sensors of the second group in turn being arranged equidistant from one another. A zone can thus be created within the recess, within which the force sensors are arranged closer to one another, while the force sensors that are also provided are arranged at a greater distance from one another outside this zone.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des jeweiligen Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des benachbarten Kraftsensor am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des benachbarten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des jeweiligen Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie im Schnittpunkt der Endbegrenzungslinie mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ihm benachbarten Kraftsensors schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des jeweiligen Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt,

kleiner als 65° ist. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird diese Auslegungsregel von allen Kraftsensoren dieser Messrolle erfüllt. In einer alternativen Ausführungsform wird diese Auslegungsregel von einigen, vorzugweise der Mehrzahl der Kraftsensoren der Messrolle erfüllt, während weitere Taschen mit darin angeordneten Kraftsensoren vorgesehen sind, die diese Auslegungsregel nicht erfüllen. Für die Taschen, deren Kraftsensoren die Auslegungsregel erfüllen, ist es bevorzugt, wenn diese Taschen in einer Linie angeordnet sind, nämlich die Mittelpunkte der Taschen auf einer Linie angeordnet sind. Diese Linie verläuft vorzugsweise parallel zur Längsachse des Messrollenkörpers oder helixförmig um die Längsachse des Messrollenkörpers. Für die Taschen, deren Kraftsensoren die Auslegungsregel erfüllen, ist es in einer Alternative bevorzugt, dass die Taschen versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, so dass die jeweils übernächste Tasche mit der jeweiligen Tasche auf einer Linie liegt, während die nächste Tasche versetzt zur jeweiligen Tasche angeordnet und vorzugsweise auf einer Linie mit der zu ihr übernächsten Tasche angeordnet ist. Durch diese Anordnung kann die Packung der Taschen erhöht werden.Embodiments with a large number of force sensors can also be implemented in the basic type of measuring roller according to the invention, in which the force sensors are arranged in pockets. In such an embodiment, a large number of pockets are arranged next to one another, particularly preferably more than 5, particularly preferably more than 7, particularly preferably more than 10, particularly preferably more than 15 are arranged in such a way that the one force sensor arranged in each pocket is close to an adjacent force sensor located in an adjacent pocket is that the angle between an end boundary line extending in the radial direction of the measuring roller and intersecting the point on the sensor face of the respective force sensor which is closest to the sensor face of the force sensor adjacent to it, and a line the

• in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of each force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the relevant force sensor , connects, and
• intersects the end gauge at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point of the sensor surface of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the respective force sensor,

is less than 65°. In a preferred embodiment, this design rule is met by all force sensors of this measuring roller. In an alternative embodiment, this design rule is met by some, preferably the majority, of the force sensors of the measuring roller, while other pockets are provided with force sensors arranged therein, which do not meet this design rule. For the pockets whose force sensors meet the design rule, it is preferable if these pockets are arranged in a line, namely the center points of the pockets are arranged in a line. This line preferably runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body or helically around the longitudinal axis of the measuring roller body. For the pockets whose force sensors meet the design rule, it is preferred in an alternative that the pockets are arranged offset to one another, so that the next but one pocket is in line with the respective pocket, while the next pocket is arranged offset to the respective pocket and preferably in line with the next but one pocket to it. With this arrangement, the packing of the bags can be increased.

In a preferred embodiment, the force sensors are wedged in the recess. As a result, in a particularly preferred embodiment, they can be loaded with a predefined prestress. They are not only fixed in their position within the recess by being wedged, but can also be loaded with prestressing forces. Loading with pretensioning forces is preferred because when using the measuring roller in normal operation, the installation conditions for the force sensor can change under the various operating conditions, such as temperature changes. It is therefore preferred that the force sensors, when installed in the recesses, are subjected to a prestressing force that is so high that the force connection between the force sensor and the recess wall is maintained under all operating influences during operation, so that a hysteresis-free and linear measurement is ensured.

In a preferred embodiment, the force sensors should be fixed in the recesses, namely wedged, and preferably also braced by the wedging. In a preferred embodiment, the wedging is designed in such a way that a prestress is exerted on the force sensor. This prestressing is particularly preferably selected in such a way that the force connection between the force sensor and the wall of the recess is maintained during operational use under all operational influences, so that a hysteresis-free and linear measurement is ensured.

If different pretensions occur during tensioning, these can easily be compensated for using measurement technology. On the other hand, the preload can also be deliberately metered in order to compensate for manufacturing tolerances of both the force sensors and also to compensate for the recesses. In this case, force sensors with plane-parallel surfaces can be arranged between wedge-shaped holding pieces, for example clamping wedges, which are moved against one another until the force sensor is immovably clamped between the holding pieces.

One of the two holding pieces is normally arranged stationarily in the recess where the force sensor is to be placed, while the other holding piece is displaced in the recess in order to fix the force sensor. This can be done with the help of a clamping screw, which is supported on the measuring roller body and acts on the movable holding piece via a spacer sleeve.

The arrangement of several force sensors in radially movable sliding pieces, which are fixed in the recess with the aid of a V-ledge, is particularly favorable. The sliding pieces can be arranged in a spacer strip and can be pressed radially outwards with the aid of wedge-shaped holding lugs of a clamping strip and thus clamped in the recesses.

In order to safely accommodate the lines leading to the force sensors, the recesses can be connected to line channels running parallel. Alternatively, however, the recesses can also be connected to a central cable recess in the measuring roller via a transverse channel. The transverse channel can run in the body of the measuring roller or be an open channel on the end face of the measuring roller and then closed with a cover.

In order to guide the holding pieces for the force sensors or the strips in the recesses, they can be provided with a longitudinal rib which engages in a complementary guide groove in the body of the measuring roller.

In a preferred embodiment, the force sensor is held between two pairs of inner and outer wedge members. This makes it possible, on the one hand, to align the force sensor in the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. Furthermore, this arrangement makes it possible to construct the holder geometrically symmetrically, possibly even axially symmetrically, with respect to a plane running through the installation position of the force sensor and arranged perpendicularly to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured.

• ein erstes oberhalb der für den Kraftsensor vorgesehenen Einbauposition angeordnetes Innenkeilelement mit einer zu der Einbauposition des Kraftsensors weisenden Innenfläche und einer im Winkel zur Innenfläche stehenden, der Innenfläche gegenüberliegenden Außenfläche, und
• ein erstes Außenkeilelement mit einer zu der Einbauposition des Kraftsensors weisenden Innenfläche, mit der das Außenkeilelement auf der Außenfläche des ersten Innenkeilelements aufliegt, sowie mit einer der Innenfläche gegenüberliegenden Außenfläche, und
• ein zweites unterhalb der für den Kraftsensor vorgesehenen Einbauposition angeordnetes Innenkeilelement mit einer zu der Einbauposition des Kraftsensors weisenden Innenfläche und einer im Winkel zur Innenfläche stehenden, der Innenfläche gegenüberliegenden Außenfläche und
• ein zweites Außenkeilelement mit einer zu der Einbauposition des Kraftsensors weisenden Innenfläche, mit der das Außenkeilelement auf der Außenfläche des zweiten Innenkeilelements aufliegt, sowie mit einer der Innenfläche gegenüberliegenden Außenfläche.

The advantages are already achieved by a holder for a force sensor, which can measure a compressive force acting on it from above, which has the following components:

• a first inner wedge element arranged above the installation position provided for the force sensor and having an inner surface facing towards the installation position of the force sensor and an outer surface at an angle to the inner surface, opposite the inner surface, and
• a first outer wedge element with an inner surface facing towards the installation position of the force sensor, with which the outer wedge element rests on the outer surface of the first inner wedge element, and with an outer surface opposite the inner surface, and
• a second inner wedge element arranged below the installation position provided for the force sensor and having an inner surface facing towards the installation position of the force sensor and an outer surface which is at an angle to the inner surface and is opposite the inner surface and
• a second outer wedge element with an inner surface facing towards the installation position of the force sensor, with which the outer wedge element rests on the outer surface of the second inner wedge element, and with an outer surface opposite the inner surface.

In this way, the wedge arrangement required for the prestressing of the holder and the force sensor in a recess by means of a translatory movement is moved into the interior of the holder. With regard to its outer surfaces, the holder can be adapted to the shape of the recess into which the holder and the force sensor are to be clamped, and at the same time allows the inner surfaces that directly or indirectly influence the installation orientation of the force sensor to be adapted to the desired orientation, for example these inner surfaces perpendicularly to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. In addition, it has been shown that in the case of the holder according to the invention, the surface quality of the recess (for example the axial recess) into which the holder is inserted can be lower without tilting occurring. This eliminates the need for complex processes to produce a good surface quality, such as honing or roller burnishing.

In a preferred embodiment, the holder is geometrically symmetrical with respect to a plane running through the installation position of the force sensor and arranged perpendicularly to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. The tuning of the geometry of the components arranged above the force sensor and below the force sensor already reduces the tilting moments that occur during prestressing and can even completely avoid them.

Alternatively or in addition, the mount can be designed symmetrically with respect to a plane running through the installation position of the force sensor and arranged perpendicular to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured with regard to the materials used for the components forming the mount and/or with regard to the surface properties of these components. Tilting moments can be generated not only by geometric differences in the components provided above and below the force sensor, but also by different frictional forces occurring between surfaces moving against one another above and below the force sensor due to different material selection or different surface properties. This can be prevented by the symmetrical design of the relevant materials or surface properties.

In a preferred embodiment, a connection is provided which connects the first inner wedge element and the second inner wedge element to avoid a relative displacement in a direction which is not the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. The tilting moments to be avoided can also arise from the fact that comparable components above the force sensor and below the force sensor do not move synchronously with one another. This can be avoided if the relevant components are connected to one another. However, this connection is preferably designed in such a way that it allows a displacement of the two connected components in the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. In the case of mounts for force sensors, which are intended to measure a compressive force acting on them from above, design measures are preferably used to try to keep the force shunt as small as possible, i.e. the part of the compressive force to be measured that is conducted past the force sensor by the mount is reduced keep. This is done in that the components are designed to be resilient relative to one another in the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured and the spring stiffness of the force bridge created by the connection is as low as possible.

In a further embodiment of the invention, a connection is provided which connects the first outer wedge element and the second outer wedge element in order to avoid a relative displacement in a direction which is not the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. This achieves the same advantages as when connecting the inner wedge elements.

Even if the outer surface of the first inner wedge element and/or the outer surface of the second inner wedge element can be designed flat in the manner of a flat wedge, in a preferred embodiment the outer surface of the first inner wedge element and/or the outer surface of the second inner wedge element is designed as a partial surface of a cone whose longitudinal axis through the installation position of the force sensor. For the tilting moments generated during prestressing, it is important with the precision with which the geometries of the facing surfaces of individual surfaces that are moved relative to one another can be produced. It has been shown that the production of partial cone surfaces, for example by turning, machining a semi-finished product, can be produced more precisely than the flat surface of a flat wedge. This special design of the outer surfaces therefore achieves a further reduction in the overturning moments that occur.

For the same reason, the inner surface of the first outer wedge element and/or the inner surface of the second outer wedge element is preferably designed as a partial surface of the delimitation of a conical recess whose longitudinal axis runs through the installation position of the force sensor.

In a preferred embodiment, the first inner wedge element and the second inner wedge element are partial elements of an inner sleeve manufactured in one piece. This offers advantages both with regard to the manufacture of the components of the mount and with regard to the handling of the mount when installing the force sensor.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner sleeve has a longitudinal slit between the first inner wedge element and the second inner wedge element, which runs essentially perpendicular to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. This reduces the spring stiffness of the inner sleeve so that the force shunt remains low. Furthermore, the inner sleeve can be designed with a small wall thickness. A small wall thickness is understood to mean a wall thickness of, for example, 0.3 mm to 5 mm with a usual inside diameter of, for example, 20 mm to 50 mm. The selected wall thickness of the sleeves can also be chosen depending on the sleeve length, the displacement path and the pitch. It can also be 1/10 mm at the thinnest point. In particular, the longitudinal slot can be designed in such a way that it has almost the entire longitudinal extent of the inner sleeve and a narrow web remains only at one or both ends as a connection between the first inner wedge element and the second inner wedge element. In a preferred embodiment, the inner sleeve has two longitudinal slots. The longitudinal slot or slots is/are preferably provided in a plane running through the installation position of the force sensor and arranged perpendicular to the direction of action of the compressive force to be measured.

As in the case of the inner wedge elements, in a preferred embodiment the first outer wedge element and the second outer wedge element can alternatively or additionally be part elements or parts of an outer sleeve produced in one piece. In a preferred embodiment, this outer sleeve can also have at least one longitudinal slit between the first outer wedge element and the second outer wedge element, which runs essentially perpendicular to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured.

In a preferred embodiment, the inner surface of the first inner wedge element and/or the inner surface of the second inner wedge element is flat and arranged in a plane perpendicular to the effective direction of the compressive force to be measured. Such an embodiment allows the force sensor, which is mostly planar on its top and bottom, to be inserted between the inner wedge elements so that it rests directly against the inner surfaces.

Alternatively, in a further embodiment of the invention, a first intermediate piece with a spherical cap can be provided between the first inner wedge element and the installation position of the force sensor and/or a second intermediate piece with a spherical cap can be provided between the second inner wedge element and the installed position of the force sensor, the spherical cap being that of the one Inner surface of an inner wedge element facing surface forms and the associated inner surface of the inner wedge element is formed correspondingly. The cap preferably has the geometric shape of a partial surface of a cylindrical body.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the outer surface of the first and/or the second outer wedge element is a partial surface of a cylindrical body. This configuration is particularly recommended in areas of application in which the force sensor is to be held in a recess, for example the axial recess of a measuring roller, by means of the holder.

The mount can have centering pins that engage in centering recesses in components. Individual, loose components, such as the force sensor, can be positioned well and precisely in relation to other components, such as the inner wedge elements or the inner sleeve, by means of these centering pins.

In a preferred embodiment, the bracket has an internal thread formed in the first and second male wedge members, the longitudinal axis of which passes through the installation position of the force sensor, and a pressure screw screwed into the internal thread, which can come into contact with the first female wedge member and the second female wedge member and relatively to the first and the second outer wedge element. This pressure screw can be used to easily pre-tension the bracket. By angling the respective outer surfaces relative to the respective inner surfaces of the cooperating inner wedge and outer wedge members, displacement of the wedge members relative to one another produces displacement of the outer wedge member away from the force sensor mounting position. In this way, the holder can be braced in a recess.

Alternatively, the bracket can have an internal thread introduced into the first and the second inner wedge element, the longitudinal axis of which runs through the installation position of the force sensor and a tension screw, which is screwed into the internal thread and can come into contact with the first and the second outer wedge element with its screw head and it can slide relative to the first and second inner wedge members.

In a preferred embodiment, more than one type of force sensor is provided in the measuring roller for measuring different mechanical forces. As a result, the influence of the temperature can be detected, with the inventors recognizing that the influence of the temperature can be detected by measuring a mechanical force present in the measuring roller and then corrected accordingly. Accordingly, in addition to the usual measurement of a mechanical force, a second mechanical force is measured, which allows conclusions to be drawn about the influence of a temperature input caused by the use of the measuring roller in the hot strip. The measuring roller configured according to the invention enables the force component generated by the thermal input into the measuring roller body to be separated from the sum signal of the force measuring transducer.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inventors have recognized it as particularly useful if one type of force sensor is a force sensor for measuring the radial force, and one type of force sensor is a force sensor for measuring the prestressing force of the force sensor for measuring the radial force. Experiments have shown that a temperature change on the surface of the measuring roller leads to an elastic deformation of the measuring roller such that the force sensors usually provided for measuring the radial force that are installed under prestressing force change their prestressing force and thus also their linearity. By different from the first type of the force sensors for measuring the preload force applied to the force sensors for measuring the radial force, it is possible to measure the influence of the thermal deformation of the measuring roller body, and the proportion of the generated by the thermal deformation Separating the measurement signal of the force sensor for measuring the radial force from the actual radial force caused by the strip-shaped material.

The inventors were also the first to recognize that with force sensors of another type that measure a mechanical force, it is possible that, in addition to the thermal deformation of the measuring roller, which influences the measurement result of the force sensors of a first type, a relative temperature distribution over the bandwidth can be determined , if several force sensors are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the measuring roller. For example, for the thermal input of 1°C, a value x in N be measured, via which the temperature distribution can be determined by relating it to the measured mechanical force.

Preferably, the forces introduced by the strip-shaped product under longitudinal tension are measured dynamically by a type of force sensor and the forces occurring as a result of the deformation of the measuring roller as a result of thermal input are measured statically by another type of force sensor. As a result, the currently measured forces can be related to one another and the radial forces measured by the force sensors of one type can be corrected for the thermal input or the thermal deformation.

In particular, one type of force sensor can be fixed or braced in the recesses, for example wedged. These prestresses are intentional and can easily be compensated for using measurement technology. The preload can be set to a predetermined value. For example, force sensors with plane-parallel surfaces can be arranged between wedge-shaped holding pieces, for example clamping wedges, which are moved against one another until the force sensor is immovably clamped between the holding pieces. A force sensor of the other type can preferably be fixed or braced together in a housing with the first type of force sensor in the recesses. The other type of force sensor can also be fastened, for example, in a recess formed on one of the holding pieces or on one of the holding pieces, with which one type of force sensor is braced in the cutout.

One of the two holding pieces can be arranged stationarily in the recess where the force sensor is to be placed, while the other holding piece is displaced in the recess in order to fix the force sensor. This can e.g. B. done with the help of a clamping screw, which is supported on the measuring roller body and acts on the movable holding piece via a spacer sleeve.

It is particularly preferred that the force sensors of different types are arranged adjacent to one another in order to measure the direct influence of the thermal input "on site" and to apply the influence to the signal of the other force sensor as a correction.

In a preferred embodiment, a force sensor of one type is arranged with a force sensor of another type in or on a housing or a holder, which simplifies handling during manufacture. The housing can be arranged in a recess of the measuring roller. For example, the force sensor of one type can already be pretensioned in the housing, with the force sensor of the other type being arranged on the force sensor of the first type and measuring the pretensioning force can. Provision can be made for the force sensor of the first type to be preloaded in the housing and/or with the housing, with the force sensor of the second type determining the preload on the housing and thus the thermal input. When the two types of force sensors are arranged in or on a housing, it is also ensured that the two types of force sensors are arranged adjacent to one another in order to precisely take into account the influence that one type of force sensor determines on the other type of force sensor.

According to the invention, the term "housing" also includes holders that do not have a closed design of a conventional housing. A housing according to the invention can in particular as in the DE 10 2006 003 792 A1 , the disclosure content of which is explicitly included here by reference, be configured as described, with the housing or the holder having an inner sleeve having an outer peripheral cone, in which a force sensor for measuring the radial force (force sensor of a type) is arranged, and one engaging with the inner sleeve has an inner peripheral cone having an outer sleeve that can be brought or braced with this. For example, a force sensor for measuring a mechanical force counteracting the radial force (force sensor of a different type) can be arranged or fastened on the inner sleeve or in a recess thereof. For example, the force sensor can be glued. A force sensor for measuring a mechanical force counteracting the radial force (force sensor of a different type) can also be arranged on the outer sleeve or in a recess thereof. It is also possible that the force sensor for a mechanical force counteracting the radial force (force sensor of another type) is arranged in a recess of the measuring roller in the area of the location provided for the installation of the housing or the holder, without itself having to deal with the housing or the bracket to be connected.

In a preferred embodiment, the force sensor of the other type is arranged in such a way that it lies in the flow of force of the force acting on the force sensor of the first type. The arrangement should be in the power flow of one type of force sensor.

In a preferred embodiment, one type of force sensor is designed as a quartz force sensor, a quartz force sensor being a piezoelectric element on the crystal surface of which the force to be measured generates charges that serve as a measured variable. Such force sensors have a high sensitivity to demands, a high natural frequency and stability with small dimensions and make it possible to compensate for initial loads without impairing the measurement result.

A force sensor of a (further) type is preferably designed as a strain gauge which, for example, measures the prestressing force of a quartz force sensor can, which can change when the measuring roller is deformed as a result of thermal input into the measuring roller.

The measuring roller according to the invention is particularly preferably used when determining properties of a metal strip during cold or hot rolling of the metal strip, in particular for determining the flatness of the metal strip. Further areas of application can be further processing lines, such as re-rolling stands (skin-passing stands), strip annealing lines, galvanizing lines, stretch-bending straightening lines!

Fig. 1

die Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer Messrolle teilweise im Schnitt;

Fig. 2

eine Messrolle mit Kabelkanälen in perspektivischer Darstellung mit abgenommenem Deckel;

Fig. 3

einen Ausschnitt einer Stirnansicht der Messrolle gemäß Fig. 3;

Fig. 4

die perspektivische Ansicht einer Messrolle mit längs einer Schraubenlinie angeordneten gestaffelten Kraftsensoren mit abgenommenem Deckel;

Fig. 5

eine geschnittene Detailansicht der in einer Bohrung angeordneten Kraftsensoren;

Fig. 6

eine Draufsicht auf die Anordnung der Kraftsensoren gemäß Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

die Seitenansicht einer weiteren Ausführungsform einer Messrolle teilweise im Schnitt;

Fig. 8

einen Querschnitt durch eine Halterung mit einem Kraftsensor in der Einbausituation in einer ausschnittweise dargestellten Messrolle in einer geschnittenen Seitenansicht gemäß der Schnittlinie B-B in Fig. 9;

Fig. 9

die Elemente der Fig. 8 in einer Ansicht entlang der Schnittlinie A-A in Fig. 8;

Fig. 10

die Elemente der Fig. 8 und 9 in einer Ansicht gemäß der Schnittlinie C-C der Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

eine alternative Bauform der Halterung in einer zur Fig. 9 vergleichbaren Darstellung;

Fig. 12

eine weitere Bauform der Halterung in einer zu der Fig. 8 vergleichbaren Darstellung;

Fig. 13

die Elemente der Fig. 12 in einer Ansicht entlang der Schnittlinie A-A der Fig. 12;

Fig. 14

die Elemente der Fig. 12 und 13 in einer Ansicht entlang der Schnittlinie C-C in Fig. 12;

Fig. 15

eine weitere Bauform der Halterung in einer der Fig. 8 und 12 vergleichbaren Ansicht;

Fig. 16

eine Detailansicht von in einer Ausnehmung der Messrolle angeordneten Kraftsensoren;

Fig. 17

eine Detailansicht von in einer Ausnehmung der Messrolle angeordnete Kraftsensoren einer weiteren Ausführungsform; und

Fig. 18

eine schematische Darstellung der auf eine Messrolle wirkenden Kräfte.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments illustrated in the drawing. Show in the drawing:

1

the side view of a first embodiment of a measuring roller partially in section;

2

a measuring roller with cable ducts in a perspective view with the cover removed;

3

a detail of an end view of the measuring roller according to FIG 3 ;

4

the perspective view of a measuring roller with staggered force sensors arranged along a helical line with the cover removed;

figure 5

a sectional detail view of the force sensors arranged in a bore;

6

a top view of the arrangement of the force sensors according to FIG figure 5 ;

7

the side view of a further embodiment of a measuring roller partially in section;

8

a cross section through a bracket with a force sensor in the installation situation in a measuring roller shown in part in a sectional side view along the section line BB in 9 ;

9

the elements of 8 in a view along section line AA in 8 ;

10

the elements of Figures 8 and 9 in a view according to section line CC of 9 ;

11

an alternative design of the bracket in a to 9 comparable representation;

12

another design of the holder in one of the 8 comparable representation;

13

the elements of 12 in a view along section line AA of 12 ;

14

the elements of 12 and 13 in a view along section line CC in 12 ;

15

another design of the bracket in one of the 8 and 12 comparable view;

16

a detailed view of force sensors arranged in a recess of the measuring roller;

17

a detailed view of a further embodiment of force sensors arranged in a recess of the measuring roller; and

18

a schematic representation of the forces acting on a measuring roller.

The measuring roller 1 according to the invention with a journal 2 has a measuring roller body 1a designed as a solid roller. Provided in the measuring roller body 1a is a recess 3 designed as a borehole that is axially parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 1a. The recess 3 is closed at the front with a cover 6 or individually with covers and contains a first force sensor 7a, a second force sensor 7b arranged next to the first force sensor 7a, a third force sensor 7c arranged next to the second force sensor 7b and a third force sensor next to the third force sensor 7c arranged fourth force sensor 7d, of which in each case a cable 8 (shown only as one cable for the sake of simplification) is led through the bore 3, the transverse channel 4 and the central channel 5 to the outside.

The in the 2 and 3 The measuring roller 1 shown schematically and in perspective with the cover 6 removed has cable ducts 10 , 11 lying opposite one another parallel to each bore 3 for lines routed to the outside via the transverse duct 4 and the central duct 5 .

The holes can, as in the 4 and figure 5 shown, emanate from both end faces of the roller 1 and have different depths as blind holes. The result of this is that the individual sensors are arranged along a helix 20 , ie in a staggered manner, and overall record the entire width of the roll 1 .

Compared to the embodiment of Figures 1 to 3 , are the embodiments of 4 and 5 designed in such a way that a roller body 1a designed as a full roll with grooves made on its outer circumference, which form the recesses for the force sensors 7, was covered with a casing tube 1b closing the grooves.

As the 4 shows, individual recesses 3 can be designed in such a way that only one force sensor 7 is arranged in them. But it is also in the embodiment 4 a recess 3 is provided which has a multiplicity of force sensors 7 . This recess 3 is in the embodiment of 4 designed so that it leads from one end face of the measuring roller body 1a to the opposite end face of the measuring roller body.

figure 5 shows the arrangement of two force sensors 107a, 107b in a bore 103 of a measuring roller body 1a of a measuring roller, which is designed in the manner of 1 and 2 the design shown is designed as a full roller with an axial bore 103 introduced into the full roller. In the figure 5 Force sensors 7a, 7b shown each have a housing 120. A socket 122 is installed on one side of the respective housing 120 . The respective force sensor 107a, 107b has a piezo element 113, which consists of a multilayer crystal arrangement. The respective piezo element 113 lies between two force transmission disks 114, 115. The force transmission disks 114, 115 are connected to the housing 120 by means of elastic flanges 116. The sensor surface of force sensor 107a is the outer surface of force transmission disk 114 in contact with the bore wall of bore 103. The sensor surface of force sensor 107b is the outer surface of force transmission disk 114 in contact with the bore wall of bore 103.

• in der Ebene verläuft, die die Endbegrenzungslinie 117 und die Linie enthält, die den Punkt der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, mit dem Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors am nächsten liegt, verbindet, und
• die Endbegrenzungslinie 117 im Schnittpunkt 119 der Endbegrenzungslinie 117 mit der Umfangsfläche schneidet, und
• den Punkt der Sensorfläche des zweiten Kraftsensors 107b schneidet, der der Sensorfläche des ersten Kraftsensors 107a am nächsten liegt.

In the figure 5 For the force sensor 107a, the end boundary line 117 running in the radial direction of the measuring roller is drawn in, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor 107a that is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor 107b. Furthermore, in figure 5 drawn the line 118, the

• runs in the plane containing the end boundary line 117 and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor with the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor, which is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor, and
• the end boundary line 117 intersects at the intersection 119 of the end boundary line 117 with the peripheral surface, and
• intersects the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor 107b which is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor 107a.

As the figure 5 shows, the angle ALPHA between the end boundary line 117 and the line 118 is less than 65°, namely about 45°.

So that the annular, flat sensor surfaces of the force sensors 107a and 107b can bear against the walls of the bore 103, the bore 103 has a rectangular cross section.

6 shows a schematic top view of the force sensors 107a, 107b arranged in the bore 103, sectioned at the height of the upper bore wall, with FIG 6 line 123 is drawn, which connects the point on the sensor surface of the first force sensor 107a, which is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor 107b, with the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor 107b, which is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor 107a. The sensor surface of force sensor 107a is the outer surface of force transmission disk 114 in contact with the bore wall of bore 103. The sensor surface of force sensor 107b is the outer surface of force transmission disk 114 in contact with the bore wall of bore 103.

In the 7 The measuring roller 201 shown has a measuring roller body 201a designed as a solid roller, in the peripheral surface of which there are a large number of recesses 203, 203a, 203b distributed over the width of the roller, into which measuring sensors, for example displacement or force or Piezo transducers 207 in the form of quartz washers are used to measure dynamic and quasi-static forces with cylindrical covers 234. The sensors 207 extend between the bottom 239 of the recess 203 and the cover 234. The cover 234 has a depression in which the head 236 of a clamping screw 237 is located, which engages in a threaded bore 238 of the measuring roller 201. The cover 234 with the measuring transducer 207 is clamped against the base 239 of the recess 203 with the aid of the clamping screw 237 .

The cover 234 is provided with a plastic layer 240 . There is a gap 241 between the measuring sensor 207 and the wall of the recess 203 of the roller 201 due to the different diameters of the measuring sensor and the recess 203, which is closed to the outside by the plastic layer 240 or in some other way when the cover is inserted. The gap can also be between the encoder cover and the wall of the recess.

the 7 12 shows that the bores 203b are arranged close together and on a line parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 203b. The line connecting the point of the sensor surface of a respective force sensor 207 in a recess 203b, which is closest to the sensor surface of an adjacent force sensor 207 in an adjacent recess 203b, with the point of the sensor surface of the adjacent force sensor 207 in the adjacent recess 203b, which is the Sensor surface of the respective force sensor 207 in the recess 203b is closest, runs parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 203b in these bores 203b.

7 However, FIG. 2 shows, in the form of the bores 203a, those which are arranged close to each other but not on a line which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 203b. The parallel projection line connecting the point of the sensor surface of a respective force sensor 207 in a recess 203a, which is closest to the sensor surface of an adjacent force sensor 207 in an adjacent recess 203a, with the point of the sensor surface of the adjacent force sensor 207 in the adjacent recess 203a, the is closest to the sensor surface of the respective force sensor 207 in the recess 203a, to a plane that contains the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 203b, runs at an angle to the longitudinal axis A of the measuring roller body 203b in these bores 203a.

The measuring roller body 201a can be designed with a coating, not shown here, to form a closed peripheral surface.

In the 7 further, individually executed bores 203 are provided. the 7 thus makes it clear that different arrangements of bores 203, 203a, 203b can be combined on one measuring roller, depending on the desired measuring task. However, embodiments are also conceivable in which only the bores 203b or only the bores 203a are present.

8 shows a holder 1101 for a force sensor 1102. The holder 1101 holds the force sensor 1102 in an axial bore 1103 of the measuring roller 1104 shown in detail. The holder 1101 has an inner sleeve 1105, which consists of a first inner wedge element 1106 arranged above the installation position provided for the force sensor 1102 with an inner surface 1107 pointing to the installation position of the force sensor 1102 and an outer surface 1108 which is at an angle to the inner surface 1107 and lies opposite the inner surface 1107 . Furthermore, the inner sleeve 1105 has a second inner wedge element 1109 arranged below the installation position provided for the force sensor 1102, which has a Inner surface 1110 facing the force sensor 1102 and an outer surface 1111 standing at an angle to the inner surface 1110 and lying opposite the inner surface 1110 .

Furthermore, the holder 1101 has an outer sleeve 1112 . The outer sleeve 1112 has a first outer wedge element 1113 with an inner surface 1114 pointing towards the installation position of the force sensor and an outer surface 1115 standing at an angle to the inner surface 1114 and opposite the inner surface 1114 . Furthermore, the outer sleeve 1112 has a second outer wedge element 1116 with an inner surface 1117 pointing towards the installation position of the force sensor 1102, with which the outer wedge element 1116 rests on the outer surface of the second inner wedge element 1109. Furthermore, the outer wedge element 1116 has an outer surface 1118 opposite the inner surface 1117 .

A pressure screw 1119 with an external thread is screwed into an internal thread 1120 formed in the outer sleeve. The screwing depth of the pressure screw 1119 determines the relative position of the inner sleeve 1105 in relation to the outer sleeve 1112 and thus the degree of pretensioning of the holder 1101 in the axial recess 1103.

Again 9 As can be seen, the inner sleeve 1105 and the outer sleeve 1112 have slots 1121 and 1122, respectively. These longitudinal slots 1121, 1122 reduce the spring stiffness of the inner sleeve 1105 or the outer sleeve 1112 and ensure that the force shunt remains low. The compressive force to be determined, which acts in the effective direction of arrow D, is therefore introduced into force sensor 1102. The outer sleeve 1112 and the inner sleeve 1105 can be produced in a first machining step by turning. As a result, in particular the shape tolerance of the inner surfaces 1114, 1117 of the outer sleeve 1112 and the outer surfaces 1108, 1111 of the inner sleeve can be produced particularly precisely, thus enabling the inner sleeve 1105 to move relative to the outer sleeve 1112 without a tilting moment. In subsequent processing steps, in the view of the 9 Laterally arranged areas of the inner sleeve 1105 are further narrowed in order to reduce the lateral wall thickness of the inner sleeve 1105. This creates in the view of 9 lateral free spaces 1123, 1124 between the inner sleeve 1105 and the outer sleeve 1112, which promote the introduction of force into the force sensor 1102 and further reduce the force shunt.

the 10 shows the top view of the force sensor 1102. In this view, the cable arrangement leading to the force sensor 1102 can be seen clearly. A first cable 1125 leads to the force sensor 1102 shown, while further cables 1126 lead to further force sensors, not shown, which are arranged in the same axial recess 1103 .

The one in the 11 illustrated further embodiment of the bracket has basically the same structure as in the Figures 8 to 10 bracket shown. Identical components have reference numbers increased by 100. However, in the inner sleeve 1205 of this second embodiment, a plurality of recesses 1226 are provided, which further reduce the lateral wall thickness of the inner sleeve 1205 and thus lead to an even lower spring stiffness and thus a lower force shunt.

In the Figures 12 to 14 Another embodiment of the invention is shown which differs from that shown in FIGS Figures 8 to 10 Illustrated differs in that between the inner sleeve 1305 and the force sensor 1302 intermediate pieces 1327 and 1328 are provided with spherical caps. Otherwise, the components shown correspond to the components in the Figures 8 to 10 elements shown. They are shown with a reference number increased by 200.

15 shows one of the in 8 shown comparable bracket 1401. It differs from that in 8 Shown by a different orientation of the inner surfaces 1408, 1411 and the corresponding outer surfaces 1414, 1417 and by a tension screw 1429 which is screwed into an internal thread 1430 of the inner sleeve 1405. The screwing depth of the tension screw 1429 in the internal thread 1430 determines the position of the inner sleeve 1405 relative to the outer sleeve 1412 and thus the preload of the holder 1401 in the axial bore 1403 of the measuring roller 1404. The same components as in Figures 8 to 10 The elements shown are marked with a reference number increased by 300.

16 shows a further development of the embodiment according to FIG 8 and shows a detailed view of a pair of force sensors 1102a, 1102b arranged in a recess 1103 of the measuring roller. The housing 1101 or the holder holds the force sensor 1102a of a first type, which is designed to measure the radial force, in the recess 1103 of the measuring roller shown in detail. The housing 1101 has an inner sleeve 1105, which consists of a first inner wedge element 1106, which is arranged above the installation position intended for the force sensor 1102a and has an inner surface 1107 pointing towards the installation position of the force sensor 1102a and an outer surface 1108 which is at an angle to the inner surface 1107 and is opposite the inner surface 1107 on. Inner sleeve 1105 also has a second inner wedge element 1127 which is arranged below the installation position provided for force sensor 1102a and has an inner surface 1110 pointing towards the installation position of force sensor 1102a and an outer surface 1111 which is at an angle to inner surface 1110 and is opposite inner surface 1110.

Furthermore, the housing 1101 has an outer sleeve 1112, which has a first outer wedge element 1113 with an inner surface 1114 pointing to the installation position of the force sensor 1102a and an outer surface 1115 standing at an angle to the inner surface 1114 and opposite the inner surface 1114. Furthermore, the outer sleeve 1112 has a second outer wedge element 1120 with an inner surface 1117 pointing towards the installation position of the force sensor 1102a, with which the outer wedge element 1120 rests on the outer surface of the second inner wedge element 1127. Furthermore, the outer wedge element 1120 has an outer surface 1116 opposite the inner surface 1117 .

A pressure screw 1119 with an external thread is screwed into an internal thread introduced into the outer sleeve 1112 . The screwing depth of the pressure screw 1119 determines the relative position of the inner sleeve 1127 in relation to the outer sleeve 1112 and thus the degree of prestressing of the housing 1101 in the recess 1103. To determine the prestressing, the force sensor 1102b is arranged in the inner sleeve 1127 in a recess of the same. The pretensioning force can be measured with the force sensor 1102b.

The force sensor 1102a for measuring the radial force is preloaded, it being possible for the size of the preload to be determined by means of the force sensor 1102b. In the event of thermal input during the treatment of metal strip during hot rolling, for example, radial forces are introduced into the measuring roller by the deflection of the strip that is under longitudinal tension, which elastically deform the outer shell of the measuring roller. The "membrane-shaped" web above the recess 1103 is thereby displaced in the radial direction, which can be determined by the force sensor 1102a, which can be designed as a piezoelectric force sensor. Thermal stresses, which arise as a result of a temperature gradient, also produce a path change in the radial direction on the web lying outwards in the circumferential direction above the recess 1103, which is opposite to the radial force. This changes the measurement result of the force sensor 1102a, with the force sensor 1102b, which can be designed as a statically measuring force sensor, in particular as a strain gauge, being able to detect the change in path through a change in the prestress. The radial force values of the force sensors 1102a can be corrected with the aid of the currently measured prestressing force.

The force sensors 1102a, 1102b arranged in pairs closely spaced from one another are inserted into the housing 101 having the inner sleeve 1127 and the outer sleeve 1112 and then positioned in the recess 1103 of the measuring roller 1 and clamped in place.

figure 17 shows a detailed view of a recess 1103 of the measuring roller 1 arranged force sensors 1102a and 1102b figure 16 different embodiment. The structure of the embodiment as shown in figure 17 is shown essentially corresponds to the structure of in figure 16 embodiment shown. The embodiment of FIG figure 17 from force sensors 1102a and 1102b of FIG figure 16 . The force sensor 1107a is designed as a piezoelectric force sensor, being somewhat shorter in the radial direction than the force sensor 1102a in FIG 16 . The force sensor 1107b, which is designed as a statically measuring force sensor, in particular as a strain gauge, is provided as a force sensor of another type.

18 shows the forces applied to the measuring roller by a metal strip that is partially wrapped around the measuring roller and is under strip tension. The quartz force sensors located in recesses in the measuring roller generate an electrical charge. This is directly proportional to the force applied to the quartz.

• Örtliche Radialkraft in N
  F _R,i
• Örtliche Zugkraft in N $${\mathbf{F}}_{\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{i}}={\mathbf{F}}_{\mathrm{R},\mathrm{i}}/\left(\mathrm{2}\times \mathrm{sin\; \alpha }/\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
  α = Bandumlenkwinkel um Messrolle
• Örtliche Zugspannung in N/mm2
  
  • b_EI = Messzonenbreit
  • d = Banddicke
• Zugspannungsabweichung in N/mm2
  
  
  = maximale örtliche Zugspannung
• Sandlängenabweichung in µm/m
  
  $$\mathrm{E}=\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{Modul}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{Stahl}}=\mathrm{2},\mathrm{06}\times {\mathrm{10}}^{\mathrm{5}}\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="mm"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mm</figure-callout>}\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
• Bandlängenabweichung in I-Unit
  
  $$\mathrm{E}=\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{Modul}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{Stahl}}=\mathrm{2},\mathrm{06}\times {\mathrm{10}}^{\mathrm{5}}\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="mm"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mm</figure-callout>}\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
• Beispiel:
  • Quarz-Kraftsensor: Empfindlichkeit = 4,2 pC/N
  • Ladung am Sensor: = 210 pC
  • Kraft auf Sensor: F _R,i = 50 N
  • F _Z,i =50/ (2 x 0,342/2) = 146,19 N α = 20°
    
    b_EI =25mm,d=0.5mm
    
    
  • (E_Stahl = 2,06 x 10⁵ N / mm2)
    

The strip length deviation, usually measured in I-units and commonly used as a representative of strip flatness, can be calculated using the following relationships:

• Local radial force in N
  F _R,i
• Local tensile force in N $${\mathbf{f}}_{\mathrm{Z},\mathrm{i}}={\mathbf{f}}_{\mathrm{R},\mathrm{i}}/\left(\mathrm{2}\times \mathrm{sin\; \alpha }/\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
  α = belt deflection angle around measuring roller
• Local tensile stress in N/mm2
  
  • b _EI = measurement zone width
  • d = band thickness
• Tensile stress deviation in N/mm2
  
  
  = maximum local tensile stress
• Sand length deviation in µm/m
  
  $$\mathrm{E}=\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{module}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{steel}}=\mathrm{2},\mathrm{06}\times {\mathrm{10}}^{\mathrm{5}}\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="mm"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mm</figure-callout>}\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
• Tape length deviation in I-Unit
  
  $$\mathrm{E}=\mathrm{E}-\mathrm{module}\left({\mathrm{E}}_{\mathrm{steel}}=\mathrm{2},\mathrm{06}\times {\mathrm{10}}^{\mathrm{5}}\mathrm{N}/\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="mm"\; filenames="imgf0001.png,imgf0002.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">mm</figure-callout>}\mathrm{2}\right)$$
  
• Example:
  • Quartz Force Sensor: Sensitivity = 4.2 pC/N
  • Charge on the sensor: = 210 pC
  • Force on sensor: F _R,i = 50 N
  • F _Z,i = 50 / (2 x 0.342/2) = 146.19 N α = 20°
    
    _EI b = 25mm, d = 0.5mm
    
    
  • (E _steel = 2.06 x 10 ⁵ N / mm2)
    

Claims (9)

Measuring roller for determining a property of a strip-shaped material guided over the measuring roller, in particular metal strip - a measuring roller body with a peripheral surface, - at least one recess in the measuring roller body, which is arranged at a distance from the peripheral surface or leads from the peripheral surface into the interior of the measuring roller body and - with a first force sensor, which is arranged in the recess, and a second force sensor, which is arranged in the recess or in a further recess adjacent to the recess, wherein the first force sensor has a sensor surface and the first force sensor can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the first force sensor changes, and the second force sensor has a sensor surface and the second force sensor can generate a sensor signal when the position of the sensor surface of the second force sensor changes , characterized in that either the first force sensor is arranged in the recess next to the second force sensor and the sensor surface of the first force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of the second force sensor or the first force sensor is arranged so close to the second force sensor that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point of the sensor surface of the first force sensor, which is closest to the sensor surface of the second force sensor, and a line which • passes in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of the first force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the second force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the first force sensor lies, connects, and • the end gauge intersects at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and • intersects the point on the sensor surface of the second force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the first force sensor, is less than 65°. Measuring roller according to Claim 1, characterized in that the measuring roller body is a solid roller which extends along a longitudinal axis and the recess runs parallel to the longitudinal axis. Measuring roller according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the recess has an opening which is arranged on an end face of the measuring roller body. Measuring roller according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a large number of force sensors, which each have a sensor surface and which can each generate a sensor signal when the position of their respective sensor surface changes, are arranged in the recess or in adjacent recesses and either the sensor surface of a force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of a force sensor that is adjacent to it or the respective force sensor is arranged so closely next to the force sensor adjacent to it that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the respective force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the force sensor adjacent to it, and a line , the • passes in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of each force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the relevant force sensor lies, connects, and • the end gauge intersects at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and • intersects the point on the sensor surface of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the respective force sensor is less than 65°. Measuring roller according to Claim 4, characterized in that with each force sensor in the recess either the sensor surface of the force sensor is directly adjacent to the sensor surface of a force sensor that is adjacent to it or the respective force sensor is arranged so closely next to the force sensor adjacent to it that the angle between an end boundary line running in the radial direction of the measuring roller, which intersects the point on the sensor surface of the respective force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the force sensor adjacent to it, and a line , the • passes in the plane containing the end boundary line and the line connecting the point on the sensing face of each force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor to the point on the sensing face of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensing face of the relevant force sensor lies, connects, and • the end gauge intersects at the intersection of the end gauge and the peripheral surface, and • intersects the point on the sensor surface of the adjacent force sensor that is closest to the sensor surface of the respective force sensor is less than 65°. Measuring roller according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the first force sensor and the second force sensor are each a piezoelectric force sensor, a strain gauge or an optical force sensor. Measuring roller according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the first force sensor is installed in the recess under pretension. Method for determining a property of a strip-shaped product, in particular a metal strip, guided over the measuring roller, characterized in that the strip-shaped product is guided over a measuring roller according to one of Claims 1 to 7 in such a way that it partially wraps around the measuring roller, and that - The sensor signal generated by the first force sensor due to the change in the position of the sensor surface of the first force sensor, which results from the compressive force resulting from the wrapping, is fed to an evaluation unit and - the sensor signal generated by the second force sensor due to the change in the position of the sensor surface of the second force sensor, which results from the compressive force resulting from the wrapping, is fed to an evaluation unit and - The evaluation unit generates information dependent on the sensor signal of the first force sensor and the sensor signal of the second force sensor. Use of a measuring roller according to one of Claims 1 to 7 for determining a property of a strip-shaped product guided over the measuring roller, in particular metal strip, in particular for determining the flatness of the strip-shaped product.

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