EP3935918A1 - Electrode à auto-cuisson - Google Patents
Electrode à auto-cuissonInfo
- Publication number
- EP3935918A1 EP3935918A1 EP20725819.5A EP20725819A EP3935918A1 EP 3935918 A1 EP3935918 A1 EP 3935918A1 EP 20725819 A EP20725819 A EP 20725819A EP 3935918 A1 EP3935918 A1 EP 3935918A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- central column
- electrode
- elongated carbon
- shell
- connecting element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 90
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 84
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002445 nipple Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/06—Electrodes
- H05B7/08—Electrodes non-consumable
- H05B7/085—Electrodes non-consumable mainly consisting of carbon
- H05B7/09—Self-baking electrodes, e.g. Söderberg type electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
- H05B7/02—Details
- H05B7/10—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes
- H05B7/107—Mountings, supports, terminals or arrangements for feeding or guiding electrodes specially adapted for self-baking electrodes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/08—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces heated electrically, with or without any other source of heat
- F27B3/085—Arc furnaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
- H05B2203/017—Manufacturing methods or apparatus for heaters
Definitions
- Self-baking electrode The invention relates to a self-baking composite electrode for use in an electric arc furnace for the production of metals such as metallurgical silicon or ferroalloys.
- An electric arc furnace is in the form of a vessel made of refractory material in which metal oxides are charged.
- the oven comprises a hood, through which pass one or more carbon electrodes, each electrode having the overall shape of a cylindrical bar and being arranged vertically, so that the upper end of the electrode is outside the oven. while its lower end is located in the furnace opposite the load of metal oxides.
- the principle of the electric arc furnace is to apply electrical voltage to the electrodes and to use the thermal energy of the electric arc thus established between the carbon electrodes and the metal in the tank to obtain a sufficient temperature to obtain of metals by carbothermal reduction of metal oxides.
- the carbon dioxide produced by the reaction of the carbon supplied by the charge reducers and by the electrode itself with the oxygen of the metal oxides is sucked up through the chimneys of the hood, and the molten metal concentrates in a liquid layer at the bottom of the tank, from where it is evacuated by an overflow system.
- the principle of the self-baking electrode is to supply the electrode with carbonaceous material at its upper end as its lower end is consumed in the oven, in order not to have to change the electrode and produce the metal continuously.
- the carbonaceous material introduced at the upper end of the electrode is in the form of a raw paste, that is to say uncooked, carbon-based, non-conductive: while going down into the electrode, this dough is gradually heated and cooked; it turns into a hard conductive paste. So the lower end of the electrode is in the form of a paste hard carbonaceous, conductive and therefore able to generate the desired electric arc with the metal present in the tank.
- the first self-baking electrodes generally comprised a cylindrical outer sheath, such as a steel ferrule, into which the carbonaceous raw paste was introduced.
- the steel ferrule had internal radial fins to support the fired portion of the carbonaceous paste in the lower portion of the electrode.
- this technique had the disadvantage that the bottom of the ferrule dissolved in the bath of molten metal and introduced iron into it, which was not desirable, especially in the case of the production of a metal such as silicon.
- the assembly used to suspend the cooked part is generally a part inserted into the dough during cooking and which is consumed at the same time as the electrode in the lower part.
- a hard core is placed within the shell in the form of a central column made up of precooked carbon elements or of graphite.
- the central column is suspended from a support independent of the shell, so that the weight of this column is not supported by the shell.
- the raw carbonaceous paste is placed within the shell around the central column in the upper part of the electrode. As the raw paste descends into the shell and cooks, it becomes integral with the precooked carbon or graphite elements to form the hard paste in the lower part of the electrode.
- the pre-baked carbon or graphite elements can for example be assembled to each other by means of tapered double threaded fittings, also called nipples, as described in US 4, 575, 856.
- the support from which the central column is suspended may include a device for adding a new element of precooked carbon at the top of the central column when an element of precooked carbon at the bottom of the column has been consumed.
- a self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace comprising a central column capable of being suspended, in which said central column would be little subject to the risks of rupture potentially generated by the lateral forces caused on the. lower end of the electrode by the rotation of the furnace tank or the regulating movements of the electrode.
- the present invention aims to remedy this problem.
- a first object of the invention relates to a self-baking electrode for an electric arc furnace, said electrode comprising:
- a substantially cylindrical shell comprising a longitudinal central axis A, an open upper end and an open lower end, said shell being made of an electrically conductive material and being intended to be disposed vertically above a vessel of the furnace on substantially one electrode length, a central column disposed within the shell, substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis A, said central column being adapted to be suspended from a device independent of said shell so that said central column is able to slide in vertical translation within of the ferrule,
- a raw carbonaceous paste disposed around the central column in an upper part of said shell, said paste being configured to soften and then cook under the effect of heat to form a hard carbonaceous paste joining to the central column in a lower part of said ferrule,
- said electrode being characterized in that said central column comprises a succession of elongated electrically conductive carbon elements, said elongated carbon elements being flexible.
- the term “flexible carbonaceous elongate element” is understood to mean that the carbonaceous elongate element has a flexibility making it capable of folding back on itself to a certain extent in a plane containing its longitudinal axis, for example according to an arc of a circle having a radius of curvature less than or equal to 5 cm.
- each carbonaceous elongate element under the effect of a lateral stress applied to its ends, can be caused to bend without breaking.
- the flexible nature of the elongated carbon elements gives the central column of the electrode according to the invention flexibility allowing it to undergo lateral forces in its lower part without the risk of this column breaking. Indeed, when the rotation of the furnace chamber generates lateral forces applying to the lower end of the central column, the flexible nature of the elongated carbon elements allows them to absorb these forces by bending and standing. folding back on themselves slightly, the time to absorb these forces, without causing the column to break.
- each carbonaceous elongate member is connected to an adjacent carbonaceous elongate member by an electrically conductive connecting member and configured to allow the deviation of said carbonaceous elongate member from said longitudinal axis A by an angle of up to from - 10 ° to + 10 °.
- connecting elements configured to allow the deflection of the elongated carbon elements with respect to the longitudinal axis A gives the central column of the electrode according to the invention additional flexibility. Indeed, when the rotation of the furnace tank generates lateral forces applying to the lower end of the central column, not only can each elongated carbon element can be caused to bend without breaking, as described above, but the presence of the column links can also allow each carbonaceous elongate member to deflect from the longitudinal axis A of the column, thereby imparting to the column additional flexibility contributing to the overall ability of the column to flex without breaking.
- connecting elements of the central column of the electrode according to the invention also allow each elongate carbon element to incline relative to each of the elongate carbon elements which are adjacent to it.
- the central column of the electrode according to the invention is provided with a flexibility allowing it to flex and deviate with respect to the longitudinal axis A at several places along the length of said column.
- the risks of rupture of the central column, both at the bottom of the electrode, where the carbonaceous paste is hard, and at the top of the electrode, where the carbonaceous paste is soft, are greatly limited. .
- each carbonaceous elongate element being in the form of a flexible elongate ring
- each connecting element comprises a solid part, said solid part being provided:
- a second convex surface suitable for receiving the internal curved surface of one end of a second elongated flexible ring, adjacent to said first elongated flexible ring.
- Said first and second convex surfaces are arranged facing each other, such that the plane in which the internal curved surface of the end of said first flexible elongate ring is inscribed is substantially perpendicular to the plane in which s 'inscribes the inner curved surface of the end of said second flexible elongate ring.
- said first convex surface is in the form of a portion of a half cylinder and said second convex surface is also in the form of a portion of a half cylinder, the first surface convex and the second surface convex being arranged with respect to each other such that the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which the first convex surface originates is perpendicular to the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which the second convex surface comes from.
- each flexible elongate ring is securely connected to each of the adjacent flexible elongate rings.
- the flexibility, or even flexibility, of each ring contributes to the general flexibility of the central column, whose ability to flex without breaking under the effect of lateral forces exerted on its lower end, is thus reinforced.
- the elongated carbon elements can be flexible elongated rings of textile material.
- the flexible elongated rings can be made from textile webbing.
- the flexible elongated rings have sufficient tensile strength to support weights ranging from 1 to 40 tonnes, at temperatures above 2000 ° C.
- the textile material can be formed from carbon fibers.
- first and second convex surfaces of the solid parts forming the connecting elements makes it possible to reduce the shear stresses on the flexible elongate rings of textile material.
- connecting elements are made of an electrically conductive material, they ensure electrical continuity along the central column.
- These connecting elements are preferably made of an electrically conductive material retaining good mechanical characteristics at very high temperature.
- the connecting elements are solid parts formed from a material chosen from graphite, silicon carbides, prebaked carbon and / or their combinations.
- the connecting elements can also serve as an anchoring point in the lower part of the electrode for the hard paste crosslinking of the soft carbonaceous paste melting and baking around the central column within the electrode ferrule.
- the electrode according to the invention can also comprise a tool for taking off and assisting in the descent of the hard carbonaceous paste into the shell.
- a tool can for example be in the form of a conductive paint inside the shell, or else of a specific shape of the elements forming the shell for a perfect fitting before welding, or else of sequential movements of a sliding ring of the ferrule.
- a second object of the present invention relates to a device for suspending a central column from an electrode as described above, comprising:
- a mobile support surmounting said fixed support and linked in vertical translation to said fixed support by a system of hydraulic jacks, said movable support being able to translate from a high position, in which said hydraulic jacks are deployed and a carbon-coated elongate element forming the lower end of said central column has not been consumed in the electric arc furnace, at a low position, in which said hydraulic cylinders are retracted and said carbonaceous elongate member forming the lower end of said central column has been consumed,
- said fixed support is provided with a horizontal support surface linked in vertical translation to said fixed support, between a high position, in which said support surface receives a connecting element from a top part of said central column so that the part of the central column located below said connecting element of said upper part of the central column is supported by said bearing surface, and a low position, in which said bearing surface does not receive any element connection and does not support any part of the central column.
- the device according to the invention is of simple design and allows an operation of adding, also called splicing, an elongated carbon element at the upper end of the central column which is particularly easy to perform.
- the connecting element of a top part of the central column on the bearing surface in order to be able to proceed with the splicing.
- the operation does not require complex steps, such as steps of screwing threaded connections or tightening by pliers according to a particular clamping force to be observed.
- said bearing surface is linked in vertical translation to said fixed support by a system of hydraulic jacks. The translation of the bearing surface is thus controlled and ensured.
- said bearing surface comprising a central orifice sized to receive the elongated carbon elements and the connecting elements of said central column
- said device comprises furthermore a removable locking part positionable under said connecting element of an upper part of said central column, said locking part being dimensioned to prevent said connecting element of an upper part of said central column from passing through said orifice central when said bearing surface is in the high position.
- the splicing operation thus simply requires positioning the blocking part under the connecting element of an upper part of said central column while attaching a new elongated carbon element to the upper end of the central column, then remove it once the splicing is complete.
- the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders connecting the mobile support to the fixed support is substantially greater than a length defined by two elongated carbon elements of said central column placed end to end. Such a length makes it possible to easily join a new elongated carbon element to the upper end of the central column.
- a third object of the invention is a method for joining an elongated carbon element to the upper end of a central column of an electrode as described above by means of a device as described above, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- the bearing surface comprises a central orifice sized to receive the elongated carbon elements and the connecting elements of said central column
- the device further comprises a removable locking piece positionable as described above.
- said locking part is positioned under the first connecting element.
- the first connecting element is thus prevented from passing through the central orifice, for the duration of the splicing, when the bearing surface is blocked in the high position.
- the part is removed. locking said first connecting element that said bearing surface carried and positioning said locking part under the upper adjacent connecting element.
- This upper adjacent connecting element has meanwhile become the first connecting element starting from the upper end of the central column. This operation is repeated at each splicing, as and when the lengthening needs of the central column induced by the consumption of the electrode.
- the method for joining a new elongated carbon element at the upper end of the central column is particularly easy and does not require complex screwing steps and / or tightening according to particular forces.
- FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an electrode according to the invention and of a device according to the invention in position in an electric arc furnace,
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a connecting element of the electrode of FIG. 1
- FIG. 3 is a perspective view of part of the central column of the electrode of FIG. 1
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the bearing surface of the device of FIG. 1 during a stitching step.
- FIG. 1 a self-baking electrode 1 according to the invention for the production of metals in an electric arc furnace.
- the electrode 1 comprises a cylindrical shell 2, aligned along a longitudinal axis A which is also the longitudinal axis of the electrode 1.
- the shell 2 is made of an electrically conductive material.
- the ferrule 2 is made of steel.
- the ferrule 2 comprises an open upper end 2a and a lower end 2b which is also open.
- the electrode 1 also comprises a central column 3 disposed within the shell 2.
- the central column 3 is also aligned on the longitudinal axis A, concentrically with the shell 2. As appears from FIG. 1, the column central 3 extends over a length greater than that of the ferrule 2 and has an upper end 3a and a lower end 3b.
- the central column 3 is suspended by its upper end 3a from a device 100 which will be described later.
- the central column 3 is made up of a succession of elongated carbon elements 4, conductors of electricity, linked together by connecting elements 5, also conductors of electricity.
- the carbonaceous paste is introduced into the shell 2 by its upper end 2a, for example as indicated in FIG. 1 by the arrow F, in raw form: the raw paste 6 softens with the rise in temperature during its gradual descent into the shell 2. The raw dough 6 passes into a liquid state under the effect of heat, then it gradually cooks and crosslinks into a hard dough 7 in the part bottom of the electrode 1, while being integral with the central column 3. In its cooked and hard form, the carbonaceous paste 7 conducts electricity.
- the electrode 1 is arranged vertically above the vessel 8 of a furnace 9.
- the furnace 9 is lined with refractory materials.
- Tank 8 is loaded with mixtures of metal oxides and carbon reducers (not shown in Figure 1).
- the tank 8 is a rotating tank.
- the oven 9 includes a hood 10.
- the electrode 1 passes through the hood 10 so that the upper part of the electrode 1 is located outside the active and hot part of the oven 9, while the lower end 1b of the electrode 1 is located in the oven 9, immersed in the magmatic mixture of metal oxides and carbonaceous reducing agents.
- the thermal energy of the electric arc established between the lower end lb of electrode 1 and the sheet of metal at the bottom of the tank 8 makes it possible to reach a temperature sufficient to produce the liquid metal by carbothermal reduction of its oxides.
- the molten metal is concentrated in a liquid sheet at the bottom of the tank 8 from which it is discharged, for example by an overflow system (not shown in FIG. 1).
- the operation of the electric arc furnace implies the consumption of the lower end lb of the electrode 1.
- the elongated element forming the lower end 3b of the central column 3 Hereinafter called the last elongated element 4b
- the connecting element located at the lower end 3b of the central column hereinafter called the last connecting element 5b, is also consumed.
- the central column 3 is able to slide within the shell 2, so that only the last elongated carbon elements 4b and connecting elements 5b and the cooked carbonaceous paste 7 are consumed in the molten mixture in the tank 8 as the metal is produced, while the steel shell 2 remains away from said mixture.
- the molten mixture in the tank 8 is not contaminated by iron which would come from the dissolution of the shell 2.
- the elongated carbon elements 4 are flexible, in other words they have a flexibility allowing them to bend without breaking when lateral forces are applied to their ends.
- the longitudinal axis of an elongated carbon element 4 is able to bend along an arc of a circle which may have a radius of curvature less than or equal to about 1 m, for example less than or equal to about 20 cm, for example less than or equal to about 10 cm, for example ranging from about 10 cm to about 5 cm.
- the flexible nature of the elongated carbon elements 4 gives the central column 3 of the electrode 1 according to the invention flexibility allowing it to undergo lateral forces in its lower part without the risk of this column breaking.
- the connecting elements 5 are moreover configured to allow the deviation of an elongated carbon element 4 with respect to the longitudinal axis A by an angle which can range from - 10 ° to + 10.
- Such connecting elements 5 make it possible to improve the ability of the central column 3 to flex without breaking when lateral forces are exerted on its lower end 3b due to the rotation of the tank 8.
- the connecting element 5 is in the form of a solid part comprising:
- a first convex surface 12 in the form of a portion of a half-cylinder, and
- the first convex surface 12 and the second convex surface 13 are arranged with respect to each other such that the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which the first comes convex surface 12 is perpendicular to the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which the second convex surface 13 originates.
- the first convex surface 12 comprises two walls 12a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which it originates, these two walls 12a bordering the two ends of the portion of the half-cylinder forming this first convex surface 12.
- the second convex surface 13 comprises two walls 13a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the half-cylinder from which it originates, these two walls 13a bordering the two ends of the portion of the half-cylinder forming this second convex surface 13.
- FIG. 3 there is shown a portion of the central column 3 of the electrode of Figure 1, comprising the connecting elements 5 described in Figure 2.
- each ring 14 generally comprises a elongated body, formed by two bands 15, and two rounded ends 16 generally U-shaped.
- Each ring 14 may for example have a length ranging from 1 to several meters.
- Each rounded end 16 has an internal curved surface 16a.
- the elongated carbon elements 4 can be flexible elongate rings 14 of textile material.
- the flexible elongated rings 14 can be made from textile webbing.
- the flexible elongate rings 14 have sufficient tensile strength to support weights ranging from 1 to 40 tonnes, at temperatures above 2000 ° C.
- the textile material can be formed from carbon fibers.
- the bands 15 are replaced by textile fiber ropes, for example by carbon fiber ropes.
- the elongated carbon elements thus have great flexibility and are able to bend back on themselves without breaking.
- the elongated carbon elements are thus in the form of rings 14 which can easily be folded to associate them with one another by means of the connecting elements 5.
- the association of the rings 14 makes it possible to constitute a chain of central electrode suspension.
- Each link of this chain thus formed may for example have a length of approximately 1 m.
- the first convex surface 12 of a connecting member 5 is adapted to receive the inner curved surface 16a of one end 16 of a first flexible elongate ring 14, while the second convex surface 13 of the same connecting element 5 is adapted to receive the internal curved surface of one end 16 of a second flexible elongate ring 14, adjacent to the first flexible elongate ring 14.
- the internal curved surface 16a of the end 16 of the first ring 14 is inscribed in a plane perpendicular to the plane in which is inscribed the internal curved surface 16a of the end 16 of the second ring 14, adjacent to the first ring 14.
- the two bands 15 forming the body of a flexible elongated ring 14 perform a 90 ° twist from one end 16 of a ring 14 to the other end 16.
- each ring 14 allows each ring 14 to change orientation. relative to the overall longitudinal axis of column 3, and therefore to deviate relative to this axis, for example by an angle ranging from - 10 ° to + 10 °.
- each ring 14 is also able to change orientation with respect to each of the two rings 14 to which it is adjacent.
- the continuity of the column and the attachment of the elongated carbon elements, in the form described above, are also ensured: in fact, the perpendicular walls 12a bordering the ends of the first convex surface 12 guarantee the maintenance of the internal curved surface 16a of the rounded end 16 of the ring 14 within said first convex surface 12. Likewise, the perpendicular walls 13a bordering the ends of the second convex surface 13 ensure the maintenance of the internal curved surface 16a of the rounded end 16 of the ring 14 within said second convex surface 13.
- the solid parts forming the connecting elements 5 are preferably made of an electrically conductive material retaining good mechanical characteristics at very high temperature.
- the connecting elements 5 are solid parts formed from a material chosen from graphite, silicon carbides, precooked carbon and / or their combinations.
- first and second convex surfaces (12, 13) of the solid parts forming the connecting elements 5 makes it possible to reduce the shear stresses on the flexible elongate rings 14 of textile material.
- the electrode may also include a tool for taking off and assisting in the descent of the hard carbonaceous paste into the shell, such as for example a conductive paint inside the shell, or else a form specific elements forming the shell for a perfect fit before welding, or sequential movements of a ring 200 (see Figure 1) of suspension and extension of the shell 2.
- a tool for taking off and assisting in the descent of the hard carbonaceous paste into the shell such as for example a conductive paint inside the shell, or else a form specific elements forming the shell for a perfect fit before welding, or sequential movements of a ring 200 (see Figure 1) of suspension and extension of the shell 2.
- the device 100 comprises a fixed support, in the form of a fixed beam 101, and a mobile support, in the form of a mobile beam 102, linked in vertical translation to the fixed beam 101 by a system of hydraulic jacks 103.
- the movable beam 102 overcomes the fixed beam 101 and is able to translate from a high position, in which the hydraulic cylinders 103 are deployed, as shown in FIG. 1, to a lower position (not shown), in which the hydraulic cylinders 103 are retracted.
- the fixed beam 101 is surmounted by a horizontal bearing surface 104 linked in vertical translation with respect to said fixed beam 101.
- the bearing surface 104 is linked to the fixed beam 101 by a system of hydraulic jacks 105 (three jacks in the example shown) and is able to translate between a high position, in which the jacks 105 are deployed, as shown in FIG. 4, and a low position, in which the Hydraulic cylinders 105 are retracted, as shown in Figure 1.
- the bearing surface 104 comprises a central orifice 106 dimensioned to receive the elongated carbon elements 4, in the form of the flexible elongate rings 14 of Figure 3, and the connecting elements 5 of the central column 3. Furthermore, the central orifice 106 of the bearing surface 4 is positioned opposite a circular recess 107 formed in the fixed beam 101, so that the assembly of the central column 3, the elongated rings 14 flexible and the connecting elements 5 pass through both the central orifice 106 of the bearing surface 104 and the circular recess 107 of the fixed beam 101.
- the device 100 further comprises a locking part 108, in the form of a rectangular block in the example shown.
- the locking piece 108 is intended to be removably secured under a link member 5, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, and is sized to prevent the link member 5 to which it is temporarily attached from passing through the hole.
- central 106 of the bearing surface 104 is intended to be removably secured under a link member 5, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, and is sized to prevent the link member 5 to which it is temporarily attached from passing through the hole.
- the central column 3 is fixed by the elongate carbon element forming its upper end, hereinafter called the first elongate carbon element 4a, to the mobile beam 102 by means of a double hook 109 (see figure 1).
- the locking piece 108 is fixed under the first connecting element of the central column 3 starting from the upper end of the central column, hereinafter called the first connecting element 5a, as shown in FIG. 1.
- the whole of the central column 3 is supported by the mobile beam 102.
- the mobile beam 102 descends towards its low position, thanks to the hydraulic cylinders 103, which gradually retract.
- the first connecting element 5a is then allowed to rest on the bearing surface 104, locked in the high position, by means of the locking part 108 which is fixed to it, as shown in FIG. 4.
- the part blocking 108 resting horizontally on the bearing surface 104, above the central orifice 106, it prevents the first connecting element 5a from passing through this central orifice 106.
- the part of the central column 3 which is located below this first connecting element 5a becomes supported by your fixed beam 101, by the intermediate of the bearing surface 104 linked to the fixed beam 101. Consequently, the part of the central column 3 situated above the first connecting element 5a relaxes.
- the first carbonaceous elongate member 4a flexes, due to its flexible nature.
- the textile material forming the elongated carbon elements 4 in the form of flexible elongate rings 14 naturally allows the rings 14 to bend on themselves.
- the newly installed elongated carbon element 4 is then hooked to the double hook 109 of the mobile beam 102.
- the hydraulic jacks 103 are again deployed to translate the mobile beam 102 to its high position.
- the assembly of the central column 3 is again under tension, so that the assembly of the central column 3 again becomes supported by the movable beam 102.
- the bearing surface 104 is then unlocked from its high position and translated to its low position.
- the blocking piece 108 is withdrawn from the first connecting element 5a which will then be allowed to pass through the central orifice 106 during the subsequent consumption of the electrode 1.
- the blocking piece 108 is then fixed to the connecting element. upper 5, which becomes the new first connecting element.
- This operation of adding a new elongated carbon element, also called splicing operation, is repeated each time a carbon elongate element 4 is consumed at the lower end 1b of the electrode 1.
- FIG. 1 shows the central column 3 just after such a splicing operation.
- the bearing surface 104 has just been brought into its lower position
- the connecting element 5c is the one which rested on the bearing surface 104 to carry out the splicing operation, and which has just removed the blocking part 108 to install it under the newly installed connecting element 5, which has become the first connecting element 5a.
- the stroke of the hydraulic jacks 103 connecting the movable beam 102 to the fixed beam 101 is substantially greater than a length defined by two elongated carbon elements 4 of the central column 3 placed end to end. Such a stroke of the hydraulic cylinders allows a splicing operation as described above facilitated.
- the length of a carbonaceous elongate member may be about 1 m.
- the stroke of the hydraulic cylinders 103 may for example be about 3 m.
- the central column of the electrode according to the invention has a flexibility allowing it to undergo lateral forces in its lower part without risk of this column breaking.
- the electrode according to the invention can be used in an electric arc furnace to minimize the risks of the electrode breaking by bending its suspension column. The productivity of the furnace is thus greatly improved.
- the electrode according to the invention and the device for suspending the central column of the electrode according to the invention make it possible to join new carbon elements at the upper end of the central column in a particularly simple manner.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Ceramic Products (AREA)
- Discharge Heating (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1902394A FR3093610B1 (fr) | 2019-03-08 | 2019-03-08 | Electrode à auto-cuisson |
PCT/FR2020/050429 WO2020183093A1 (fr) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-04 | Electrode à auto-cuisson |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3935918A1 true EP3935918A1 (fr) | 2022-01-12 |
EP3935918B1 EP3935918B1 (fr) | 2024-04-10 |
Family
ID=67514779
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20725819.5A Active EP3935918B1 (fr) | 2019-03-08 | 2020-03-04 | Electrode à auto-cuisson |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20210410242A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3935918B1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112021017660A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3131982A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3093610B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2020183093A1 (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA202106441B (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR647208A (fr) * | 1928-01-16 | 1928-11-21 | Norske Elektrokemisk Ind As | Dispositif de sûreté pour électrodes |
US4575856A (en) | 1984-05-18 | 1986-03-11 | Pennsylvania Engineering Corporation | Iron free self baking electrode |
EP0179164B1 (fr) * | 1984-10-23 | 1987-09-02 | Kinglor - Ltd | Electrode à auto-cuisson pour fours électriques à arc et analogues |
IT1243899B (it) * | 1989-11-14 | 1994-06-28 | Elkem Technology | Procedimento e mezzi per la produzione continua di corpi di carbone. |
FR2797739B1 (fr) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-09-21 | Invensil | Dispositif de montage d'electrode composite a auto-cuisson pour four electrique a arc |
IT1396948B1 (it) * | 2009-12-16 | 2012-12-20 | Italghisa S P A | Pasta elettrodica per elettrodi in grafite privi di "binder" a base idrocarburica |
WO2019233549A1 (fr) * | 2018-06-04 | 2019-12-12 | Rheinfelden Carbon Gmbh & Co. Kg | Électrode à auto-cuisson |
-
2019
- 2019-03-08 FR FR1902394A patent/FR3093610B1/fr active Active
-
2020
- 2020-03-04 BR BR112021017660A patent/BR112021017660A2/pt unknown
- 2020-03-04 WO PCT/FR2020/050429 patent/WO2020183093A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2020-03-04 CA CA3131982A patent/CA3131982A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-03-04 EP EP20725819.5A patent/EP3935918B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-09-02 ZA ZA2021/06441A patent/ZA202106441B/en unknown
- 2021-09-08 US US17/469,475 patent/US20210410242A1/en active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA202106441B (en) | 2022-06-29 |
FR3093610A1 (fr) | 2020-09-11 |
EP3935918B1 (fr) | 2024-04-10 |
US20210410242A1 (en) | 2021-12-30 |
BR112021017660A2 (pt) | 2021-11-16 |
CA3131982A1 (fr) | 2020-09-17 |
FR3093610B1 (fr) | 2021-02-12 |
WO2020183093A1 (fr) | 2020-09-17 |
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