Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
  • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
  • F01K3/186—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters using electric heat
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
  • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
  • F01K3/18—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters
  • F01K3/20—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein having heaters with heating by combustion gases of main boiler
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B21/00—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically
  • F22B21/02—Water-tube boilers of vertical or steeply-inclined type, i.e. the water-tube sets being arranged vertically or substantially vertically built-up from substantially straight water tubes
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
  • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
  • F24D10/00—District heating systems
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D20/0056—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using solid heat storage material
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F11/00—Arrangements for sealing leaky tubes and conduits
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
  • H02J15/007—Systems for storing electric energy involving storage in the form of mechanical energy, e.g. fly-wheels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F22—STEAM GENERATION
  • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
  • F22B29/00—Steam boilers of forced-flow type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
  • F28D2020/0065—Details, e.g. particular heat storage tanks, auxiliary members within tanks
  • F28D2020/0078—Heat exchanger arrangements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F2265/00—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction
  • F28F2265/16—Safety or protection arrangements; Arrangements for preventing malfunction for preventing leakage
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
  • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
  • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
  • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
  • Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]

Definitions

• the invention relates to an arrangement for storing energy as disclosed in the preamble of claim 1.
• the arrangement according to the invention will hereafter also be referred to as "the solution according to the invention".
• the solution utilizes a discarded or otherwise useless combustion power plant or the like, a boiler and an infrastructure asso- dated therewith, as well as a grid connection.
• Coal is extracted from the earth in vast mines, with a detri mental effect on the environment. Burning coal causes consid erable carbon dioxide emissions which clearly are largely to blame for the climate change. Therefore, many countries are shutting down a large number of their coal power plants. Coal power plants and boiler power plants usually have a major in frastructure associated therewith, which possibly is economi cally profitable, by means the present invention, also after the shutdown of the plant.
• the solution according to the invention allows electrical energy to be stored in the form of thermal energy, when the production of electricity exceeds the consumption of energy, and allows the stored elec tricity to be discharged when the consumption of electricity is high.
• the introduction of the solutions according to the invention have a balancing effect on the price of electricity by allowing any extra production to be stored more efficiently and to be consumed when the demand is high.
• This invention aims at providing an arrangement that makes it possible to level a difference between the production of elec tricity and the consumption of electricity.
• This invention al- lows energy to be stored during low consumption and to dis charge it, in the form of electricity, during low consumption.
• the solution according to the invention repurposes a coal power plant, or some other power plant comprising a boiler, from an energy-producing power plant to a power plant storing thermal energy, to a load-following power plant.
• the arrangement according to the invention stores and releases energy from a thermal energy storage (TES) converted from a boiler of a discarded power plant, by utilizing an existing boiler and infrastructure of the power plant, including, inter alia, an energy production equipment with a heat-transfer chan neling, turbine and electrical generator.
• TES thermal energy storage
• the discarded boiler is converted to a thermal energy storage by filling it with an appropriate material capable of storing a sufficient amount of energy in the form of heat.
• An advantage of the solution according to the invention is that it is inexpensive, simple and allows a boiler of a discarded power plant, and the power plant, to be quickly converted and repurposed to a thermal energy storage (TES) and to a load- following power plant, respectively.
• the invention allows for the utilization of the infrastructure of the discarded power plant, making it unnecessary to disassemble the power plant or the infrastructure thereof once it has been discarded.
• Another advantage is that the solution according to the invention al lows recycled concrete or the like to be used as the filling material of the boiler, for storing heat.
• This solution ac cording to the invention utilizes, where applicable and neces sary, an existing heat-transfer channeling of the boiler, thus avoiding to construct a new heat-transfer channeling, that is, a medium-circulating pipework, for the new thermal energy stor age.
• the filling material supports and seals the heat-transfer channeling of the boiler, which possibly is at the end of its service life, thus allowing it to be used longer.
• Another ad- vantage is that the heat-charging mass of the thermal energy storage can be charged, when there is an oversupply in the production of electricity, by heating a medium that heats up the mass, by means of electricity.
• the electrical energy for heating up the chargeable mass can be produced by renewable energy sources, such as wind, solar or wave energy, or by hydropower as well.
• Figure 1 is a schematic view of an operation state of the arrangement according to the invention, while the thermal energy storage is being charged,
• Figure 2 is a schematic view of a second operation state of the arrangement according to the invention, while the thermal energy storage is being charged
• Figure 3 is a schematic view of a third operation state of the arrangement according to the invention, while the thermal energy storage is being discharged
• Figure 4 is a schematic view of another alternative embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic and simplified view of an operation state of the arrangement according to the invention in a load following power plant 1, converted from a discarded power plant, such as a coal power plant.
• the load-following power plant 1 according to the invention comprises a thermal energy storage 2, a heat-transfer channeling 3, which preferably is a pipework forming a closed circulation circuit, a thermal energy charging, i.e. storing mass 4, a feeder pump 10 and a heating member 11, such as a heating resistor.
• the charging mass 4 is provided at least on the heat-transfer surfaces of the dis carded boiler.
• the thermal energy storage 2 is charged, by means of a medium, with electrical energy from a renewable energy source 9.
• the energy source 9 is a wind mill.
• the energy source 9, that is the wind mill is con nected to the load-following power plant 1 by a grid connection 7.
• the feeder pump 10 is adapted to feed a medium, which, in this case, is water, to the heating member 11.
• the heating member 11 is adapted to heat the medium and the heated medium is adapted to be partly led to the heat-transfer channeling 3 within the thermal energy storage 2 for heating up the mass 4 provided inside the thermal energy storage 2.
• the effect of the heating member 11 is adapted to be adjustable.
• the water is vaporized by the heating member 11 and the vapor is transferred, along the heat- transfer channeling 3, to the thermal energy storage 2, in the direction denoted by the arrow A.
• the vapor releases thermal energy to the heat-charging mass 4, via the heat-transfer sur faces of the heat-transfer channeling 3, causing the mass 4 to heat up, and the temperature of the vapor to drop with the result that is condenses back into water.
• the con densed water is adapted to be pumped to the heating member 11 by the feeder pump 10.
• FIG 2 shows the next step of charging the thermal energy storage 2.
• the thermal energy storage 2 is still being charged, by means of the medium, with electrical energy from the renew able energy source 9.
• the load-following power plant 1 com prises, in addition to the components shown in Figure 1, a turbine 5 and an electrical apparatus 6, which in the case shown in Figure 2, acts as an electric motor.
• the turbine 5 is adapted to supply the medium, which at this stage is vapor, to the heating member 11.
• the heating member 11 is adapted to heat the medium and the heated medium is adapted to be partly led into the heat-transfer channeling 3 within the thermal energy storage 2 for heating up the mass 4 provided inside the thermal energy storage 2.
• the heating member 11 is adapted to heat the vapor which is adapted to be transferred, along the heat-transfer channeling 3, to the thermal energy storage 2, in the direction denoted by the arrow A.
• the vapor releases thermal energy to the heat-charging mass 4, via the heat- transfer surfaces of the heat-transfer channeling 3, causing the mass 4 to heat up and the temperature of the vapor to drop.
• the vapor is adapted to be re-directed to the heating member 11 by means of the turbine 5 driven by the electrical apparatus acting as an electrical motor.
• the above- mentioned process is repeated until the capacity of the system is reached. This refers, for example, to that the temperature of the vapor no longer heats up the chargeable mass 4.
• FIG 3 shows a step of discharging the thermal energy storage 2.
• the thermal energy storage 2 is discharged by means of a medium in order to produce electricity for an electrical grid 8.
• the load-following power plant 1 comprises, in addition to the components shown in Figures 1 and 2, a feeder pump 14 and an electrical apparatus 6 acting as an electrical generator.
• the feeder pump 14 is adapted to feed the medium to the heat- transfer channeling 3 partly provided within the thermal energy storage 2, in the direction denoted by the arrow A.
• the medium is water.
• the energy stored in the mass 4 heats up and vaporizes the water which releases the energy received from the mass 4 in the turbine 5, in the form of a rotational movement.
• the electrical generator coupled to the shaft of the turbine 5 is adapted to convert the rota tional movement into electricity and to supply the electricity that is has produced, through the grid connection 7, to the electrical grid 8.
• the heat-transfer channeling 3, the turbine 5 and the electri cal generator form part of the infrastructure of a discarded combustion power plant.
• Figure 4 shows another embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention.
• the heating member 11 is at least partly provided within the heat-charging mass 4 and the heating member 11 is at least partly in contact with the heat-transfer channeling 3.
• the mass 4 is adapted to be charged directly, without a medium, by means of heating resistors 11.
• the thermal energy of the mass 4 is adapted to the discharged, at a desired time, as electrical energy, into the electrical grid 8, by means of the medium, turbine 5 and electrical gen erator.
• the discharging is adapted to be carried out in the substantially same manner as explained in the description of Figure 3.
• the mass may comprise some other material than concrete.
• the mass may comprise some other material than concrete.
• it can be any material having a high heat-charging capacity and easily depositable into the boiler and on the heat-transfer surfaces thereof, by casting or in some other way.
• the arrangement may include, in addition to those dis closed above, other parts, such as condenser, which, at the stage of discharging thermal energy, is adapted to cool the medium, if necessary. Further, the arrangement may include, for instance, means of adjusting the medium when necessary.
• the electrical motor driving the turbine and the electri- cal generator can be constituted by a single electrical appa ratus, or, alternatively, they can be separate apparatuses.
• thermal energy storage can be charged with electricity from some other energy source than a wind mill, such as with solar or wave energy, or with hydropower as well.
• the medium heated by means of the thermal energy storage can be adapted to be led to a district heating grid where the medium is adapted to release its energy for heating buildings, for example, or the vapor heated by means of the thermal energy storage can be adapted to be delivered for process use.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (4)

Family

ID=72338085

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (5)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2019
  • 2019-03-05 FI FI20195158A patent/FI128601B/fi active IP Right Grant
• 2020
  • 2020-02-28 EP EP20767390.6A patent/EP3935336B1/de active Active
  • 2020-02-28 WO PCT/FI2020/050128 patent/WO2020178479A1/en unknown
  • 2020-02-28 US US17/435,887 patent/US11732616B2/en active Active
  • 2020-02-28 CN CN202080018745.4A patent/CN113518890A/zh active Pending

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