EP3935238A1 - Système de sous-couche de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étages progressifs - Google Patents

Système de sous-couche de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étages progressifs

Info

Publication number
EP3935238A1
EP3935238A1 EP20766677.7A EP20766677A EP3935238A1 EP 3935238 A1 EP3935238 A1 EP 3935238A1 EP 20766677 A EP20766677 A EP 20766677A EP 3935238 A1 EP3935238 A1 EP 3935238A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
absorbing
stage
progressive stage
load distributing
barrier layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP20766677.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3935238B1 (fr
EP3935238A4 (fr
Inventor
Joel Matthew Cormier
Jackson Alexander Elliott
Richard Francois Audi
Donald Scott Smith
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Viconic Sporting LLC
Original Assignee
Viconic Sporting LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US16/293,363 external-priority patent/US10982451B2/en
Application filed by Viconic Sporting LLC filed Critical Viconic Sporting LLC
Publication of EP3935238A1 publication Critical patent/EP3935238A1/fr
Publication of EP3935238A4 publication Critical patent/EP3935238A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3935238B1 publication Critical patent/EP3935238B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/185—Underlayers in the form of studded or ribbed plates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/18—Separately-laid insulating layers; Other additional insulating measures; Floating floors
    • E04F15/187—Underlayers specially adapted to be laid with overlapping edges
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/22—Resiliently-mounted floors, e.g. sprung floors
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/02—Foundations, e.g. with drainage or heating arrangements

Definitions

  • I0C J5J One important aspect when considering deploying an underlayment system for impact protection is the consistency in performance over the entire surface.
  • the impact performance of previous approaches varies substantially when comparing the center of the energy absorbing materia! and the seams or joints between adjacent energy absorbing materials.
  • the seams between foams, rol ls or panels for example, lack cross linking or bonds between adjacent energy absorbers. These areas are weaker than the center of the energy absorber and deform at a lower applied load compared to the areas away from the seam. This results in areas where not onl is the impact performance inconsistent across the surface, but also promotes loss of balance since locations are not visible.
  • these areas can also promote inconsistent wear patterns in the floor covering that may result in visual and structural defects over time due the stress induced on the floor co vering by the seams in the underlayment. While some technologies, like foam, may be weaker at the seams one can appreciate that other products like injection molded tiles maybe stronger at the seams and weaker in the center, again creating inconsistencies in impact, instability, and wear patterns across a flooring surface,
  • This disclosure includes a progressive or multi-stage load distributing and absorbing s stem that lies below a superstructure material which is exposed to percussive forces.
  • the progressive stage load distributing and absorbing system is interposed between the superstructure material and a foundation below hi several embodiments, such progressive systems offer a first an one or more subsequent levels of reaction to an impacting load, the reaction varying from a initially relatively compliant stage and then transforming to a gradually stiffer response to further load absorption. This behavior tends to offer a padded response to for example a heavy footfall or a tumbling patient. As a result, serious injury may be lessened or avoided
  • Several embodiments contemplate one or more progressive stage load distributing and absorbing tiles that are positioned side-by side. At least some of the tiles have a barrier layer that lies below the superstructure material - primarily to distribute, rather than absorb an impacting force, such as a heavy footfall. To cushion the blow, a load absorbing underlayment infrastructure is positioned below the barrier layer
  • the underlayment infrastructure in a typical tile has one or more progressi ve stage“hat- shaped” (defined below) absorbing members.
  • each of those members has a relatively stiff initial load transmission subsystem that preferably lies below and next to the barrier layer.
  • This subsystem at first transmits forces from the hit to a relatively compliant stage absorbing subsystem in this disclosure“relatively” broadly refers to the relative stiffness of the stiff and compliant absorbing subsystems in response to a hit.
  • the compliant subsystem may be lowermost (preferably), or in some embodiments be uppermost. After the compliant subsystem deflects and perhaps bottoms out, the primary role of the stiff stage absorbing subsystem reverts to load absorption, rather than load transmission
  • a curvilinear wall extends from the basal portion toward the foundation.
  • a draft angle (Q, Figure I) that lies between about 4 and 40 degrees.
  • This wall has a top region extending from the basal portion and a bottom region at the opposite end portion of the wall .
  • a shoulder portion extends inwardly from the bottom region. In other embodiments, the shoulder portion may not exist. In those eases, there is a somewhat continuous transition between the stiff and compliant stage subsystems,
  • several embodiments of this disclosure include a progressive stage load distributing and progressive stage energy absorbing system that lies below a superstructure material which is exposed to continual or intermittent percussive loads. Often, such forces may cause a high localized pressure, such as when forces from a wheelchair are exerted through narrow wheels.
  • load absorption is mainly provided by groups of progressive stage absorbing members that are provided in tiles thereof (described below). Ti les are united by inier-engagement of overlapping barrier layers that overhang the ceilings of adjacent tiles.
  • FIG. 1 is vertical section of one embodiment of a progressive stage load distributing and absorbing underlayment system.
  • Figure 2 is a top view of an embodiment of a progressive stage load distributing and absorbing underlayment system that has four quadrilateral preferably rectangular tiles.
  • FIG. 3 is a top view of an embodiment of a progressive stage load distributing and absorbing underlayment system that has four quadrilateral tiles with various edge seams.
  • FIG. 4 shows a hexagonal array of load absorbing members in an underlayment infrastructure.
  • Figure 5 is an isometric view of these members, with a lobe forming part of a compliant stage.
  • Figure 6 is an isometric view of an alternate embodiment of such load absorbing member, with a star- haped compliant stage.
  • Figure 7 illustrates progressi ve collapse of lobe-topped members of varying height.
  • Figure 8 illustrates progressive collapse of star-topped load absorbing members apertures of varying height.
  • Figure 9 illustrates progressive collapse o flat roofed members of varying height.
  • Figure 10 is a cross sectional view of the progressive stage load distributing and absorbing system including an underlayment infrastructure with a progressi ve load absorbing member, including a stiff stage and one embodiment of a compliant stage.
  • Figure 1 1 illustrates a barrier layer of a tile that overlaps a load absorbing infrastructure below
  • Figure 12 shows an alternative ( inverted) embodiment of a load absorbing member.
  • Thi s disclosure includes a progressive stage load distributing an d absorbing sy stem 10
  • FIG. 1 Several embodiments have one or more progressive stage load distributing and absorbing tiles 17 ( Figures 2 - 3) At least some of the tiles 17 have a barrier layer 18 that lies below the superstructure material 12 primarily to distribute, rather than absorb an impacting load, such as a heavy footfall or a rolling wheelchair. To cushion the blow, mute noise and deaden vibration, an underlayment infrastructure (described later) 20 is positioned below the barrier layer 18
  • the tiles 17 that house the underlayment infrastructure 20 have one or more progressive stage hat-shaped (defined below) absorbing members 21 ( Figure 1).
  • One or more of those members 21 have a relatively stiff load transmission subsystem 23 that delivers force to a compliant stage absorbing subsystem 22 that is the first subsystem to deflect.
  • the compliant stage 22 absorbing subsystem lies adjacent to the foundation 16.
  • the basal portion 24 originates as a sheet material that is preferably thermoformed to produce the progressive stage absorbing members 21 that constitute the disclosed infrastructure 20.
  • a curvilinear wall 26 extends from the basal portion 24 toward the foundation 16.
  • “curvilinear” means curved when viewed from above or below and substantially linear before impact when viewe from die side.
  • This wall 26 has a top region 30 extending from the basal portion 24 and a bottom region 28 at the opposi te end portion of the wall 26.
  • a shoulder portion 25 extends inwardly from the bottom region.
  • Figure 2 there is a staggered configuration that forms a progressive stage load distribution and energy absorbing system.
  • This arrangement of adjacent tiles produces three-panel ( Figure 3) and two-panel seams, Three areas have been magnified in Figure 3 to show the remaining three unique seam conditions that contrast with the four shown in Figure 2,
  • the two-tile sinusoidal edge seam (lower left) is where the trim edge of the adjacent underiayment infrastructure is sinusoidal.
  • the three-tile seam (bottom middle) is where three barrier layers intersect.
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of one embodiment of a therm oformed under lay men!
  • the infrastructure 20 showing an array of energy absorbing members 21 in a hexagonal configuration .
  • the basal portion 24 between adjacent members 21 may be planar or ribbed, depending on the desired layout.
  • the hexagonal array is preferred due the dense arrangement of adjacent structures.
  • FIG. 5 is an isometric botto view of a lobe embodiment 38 of a compliant stage 22 in typical load absorbing members 21.
  • FI ere there is an array of hat-shaped progressive stage absorbing members 21 that possess a male lobe 38 whose base 40 is recessed within the shoulder 25 of the member 21
  • the lobe 38 is surrounded by a moat-like depression which is recessed into the shoulder.
  • the top of the lobe extends beyond the plane of the shoulder, much like a tower that lies inside and above the moat. This moat draw's material into itself during the thennoforming process and preferentially lobe walls.
  • FIG. 6 is an isometric view of a star- haped feature 42 that crowns the compliant stage 22
  • the star may have 3-10 amis 44
  • a nucleus portion 46 of a star-shaped feature 42 has a geometry that may be selected from any number of polygonal shapes to create a feature that is both recessed within and protrudes from the shoulder portion 25 of the member 21 This depth-up draw occurs largel because a small footprint creates a weakening and a lower resistance to an applied load for the“drawn feature” (e.g., compliant stage 22) compared to a“host feature” (e.g., stiff stage 23).
  • Portions of the star may be relatively fiat or be recessed
  • FIG. 9 is sectional view ⁇ through a third alternate (“sky scraper”) embodiment 48 of a progressive stage underlayment infrastructure 10 in which adjacent load absorbing members 21 or groups of load absorbing members are of different heights, Separating each of such members is a basal portion 24, i,e., the substantially unchanged portion of the sheet that enters the thennoforming process.
  • a curvilinear wall 26 extends there from and a floor 27 lies across the lower portion 28 of the curvilinear wall.
  • Such a structure could be installed so that the basal portion 24 is positioned adjacent to the barrier layer 18. In an inverted configuration (see, e.g...
  • the basal portion 24 is positioned adjacent to the foundation 16, Note that the plane (or ceiling or floor portion) of each member 21 is flat (i.e., it lacks a drawn feature) and lies parallel to the foundation 16
  • the first section ( ⁇ ) shows that the system, at a minimum, bears the weight of the superstructure 12 itself. Under an applied load in excess of the taller member yield force, die taller weaker members begin compressing and absorbing a portion of the lota! load exerted (see, ( ⁇ I)). This continues until the floor of the shorter members contacts the foundation (see, (111)) At that stage, the force required to compress the system further is greater than that required to compress the taller members.
  • the compression characteristics of the taller and shorter members 21 ca be tuned by selecting material type, material thickness, draw depth and the like to develop characteristics that enhance comfort under foot, dampen vibrations, or absorb sound.
  • the third section (111) in Figure 9 shows the response of the system to an even higher applied load. Under this load level, which is likely at a level tuned to reduce the risk of fall injury, both the taller and shorter members collapse in a controlled manner to absorb the impact load
  • the first section (I) shows the compression of the drawn feature (e.g., a lobe) that extends from the member's floor in a direction opposite to that in which the stiff stage compliant subsystem lies.
  • 10046 J Figure 8 show's that the star-shaped embodiment of the compliant stage collapses in a somewhat different manner from the lobes in Figure 7.
  • a wall may be curved for instance, when viewed from the side in an undeflected condition.
  • ribs may be provided for added stiffness between load absorbing members.
  • arrays of members ma be arranged in a configuration (in contrast to Figure 4) that is other than hexagonal, In some applications and environments, materials may be selected that are other than thermoplastic polyurethane and polycarbonate.
  • a progressive stage load distributing and absorbing underlayment system 10 there are has four quadrilateral, preferably rectangular, tiles 17.
  • a representative tile appears in Figure 1 1 .
  • Such tiles are positioned relative to one another by inter- engaging mating registration features 50, 52, including male 50 and female 52 features provided along the edges of a barrier layer 18
  • Each tile 17, 19, 21, 23 has an infrastructure 20 with a plurality of absorbing members 22 for load absorption and a barrier layer 18 for load distribution.
  • the barrier layer 18 (in this case) is quadrilateral with edges Bl , B2, B3 and B4.
  • a sub-assembly of underlying absorbing members 22 includes individual members 22 that are conjoined by basal portions 24 which, before for example thermoforming take the form of a planar basal sheet.
  • the absorbing members 22 coordinate to form a periphery of the sub-assembly that in many cases is quadrilateral and has edges AL A2 » A3 and A4,
  • Each barrier layer 18 preferably is securely affixed to one or more of the ceilings 24 in a tile.
  • die barrier layer 18 is affixed to one or more of the ceilings 24 by means for securing 55 such as an adhesive or by mechanical means including screws, rivets, pins and the like.
  • edge B 1 of the barrier layer To pro ote inter engagement between tiles in an assembly, edge B 1 of the barrier layer
  • edges A3 and A4 of the sub-assembly of absorbing members 22 extend beyond overlying edges B3 and B4 of the barrier layer 18.
  • This arrangement creates an overhanging L-shaped platform 25 of the barrier layer 18 and an open L- shaped overhanging portion formed by the ceilings 24 of the absorbing members 22 hi the sub-assembly in adjacent tiles, the L-shaped overhanging portion 27 associated with a given tile 19 supports the L-shaped platform of the barrier layer 18 of an adjacent tile.
  • One consequence of diis arrangement is that adjacent tiles engage each other in such a way as to inhibit relative lateral movement therebetween.
  • mating registration features 50, 52 are trapezoidal in shape.
  • a male trapezoid 50 abuts a female trapezoid 52 along the edges of adjacent tiles 17, 19, 21, 23
  • mating registration features such as keyholes, sawtooth, semicircles, jigsaw-like pieces, etc
  • hat-shaped includes frasio-conical, which may or may not be inverted, as described later.
  • Such hat-shaped members 22 may have a top wall portion 28 that has a footprint which is circular, oval, elliptical, a cloverleaf, a race track, or some other rounded shape with a curved perimeter. Simi larly, for a bottom wall portion 30 of an absorbing member 21.
  • the term 5 hat-shaped includes shapes that resemble those embodied in at least these hat styles; a boater/skimmer hat, a bowler, Derb hat, a bucket hat, a cloche hat, a fedora, a fez, a gambler hat, a homburg hat, a kettle brim or up-brim hat, an outback or Aussie hat, a panama hat, a pith helmet, a porkpie hat, a top hat, a steam punk hat, a safari hat or a trilby hat. See, e.g.,
  • the terms“hat-shaped” and“ Trust o-comcaf’ exclude structures that include a ridge line or crease in continuous curvilinear wall 26 associated with an absorbing member 21, because such features tend to promote stress concentration and lead to probable failure over time when exposed to percussive blows. They tend to concentrate, rather than distribute or absorb incident forces.
  • a curvilinear wall 26 Connecting the basal portion 24 between absorbing members and th door 27 of an absorbing member 22 in most embodiments is a curvilinear wall 26.
  • a curvi linear wadi 26 appears substantially linear or straight before being subjected to an impact that may reign through the superstructure 12 on a barrier layer 18.
  • the footprint of the bottom portion 30 or top portion 28 may appear circular, elliptical, oval, a clover leaf, a race-track or some other rounded shape with a curved perimeter.
  • the floor 27 of an absorbing member 21 may be flat or crenelated. As noted earlier, the floor 27 or in some cases the basal portion 24 may have a drawn lobe feature 38 or a star-shaped feature 42 extending therefrom. j0056j
  • the absorbing members 21 may be manufactured from a resi lient thermoplastic and be formed into fmsto-conieal or hat-shaped members that protrude from a basal sheet 24 which before exposure to a forming process is substantially flat,
  • the barrier layer 18 is made from a strong thin layer of a polycarbonate (PC), a composite or a metal or other suitable rigid material
  • the absorbing member 21 is made from a resilient thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU), and the means for securing 55 is provided by a pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) which bonds well to both the PC and TPU.
  • PC polycarbonate
  • TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • Adjacen t ti les are inter-engaged by overlapping and underlapping edges of the barrier layer 18 in the manner described above.
  • a small, but acceptable, gap exists between barrier layers 18 associated with adjacent tiles.
  • a means for securing such as an adhesive 55 can be applied to one or both surfaces prior to the application of pressure which then adhesively attaches a barrier layer 18 to a tile 17.
  • An underlayment infrastructure 20 is thus assembled when the edges of adjacent tiles are brought into registration through the inter-engagement of mating registration features 50, 52 of adjacent edges of associated barrier layers 18.
  • a barrier layer 18 to the basal portion or ceiling 24 of a tile alternatives for attaching overlapped tiles together through their associated barrier layers 18 include mechanical means for attaching such as Velcro®, tape, rivets, etc.
  • selected features of the disclosed progressive load distributing and absorbing system include: immt A: Engineered Performance Consistency
  • Thermoforming begins with a basal sheet of material of constant thickness.
  • the thermoplastic raw' material is heated to the softening point and then stretched over a form tool via vacuum, pressure, and mechanical means.
  • the thickness of the thermofbrmed part is a function of the base raw material thickness, raw materia! type, form temperature, and tool geometry which includes depth of draft, draft angle, and the upper assist design and clearance. Generally, areas where the depth of draw is greatest, the material is stretched in multiple directions. This results in thinner wall profiles than areas that experience less stretching.
  • Load absorbing members typically have a thicker ceiling and floor, while there is substantial thinning in the curvilinear wall. These members produce a generally“square wave” force versus displacement response to an applied load. There is an initial ramp up in force until the wall buckles and then maintains a relatively constant reaction force to the applied load throughout the available stroke. In members formed from the same base thickness, ceteris paribu , taller structures will yield at a lower load level than shorter structures.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Floor Finish (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étages progressifs qui est disposé en-dessous d'un matériau de superstructure qui est exposé à des forces de percussion. Le système de distribution et d'absorption de charges est intercalé entre le matériau de superstructure et une fondation. Le système comprend une couche barrière qui se trouve en-dessous du matériau de superstructure et une infrastructure en sous-couche positionnée en-dessous de la couche barrière. L'infrastructure en sous-couche comprend des éléments d'absorption en forme de chapeau qui comprennent un sous-système d'étage relativement souple et au moins un sous-système d'étage relativement rigide.
EP20766677.7A 2019-03-05 2020-03-04 Système de sous-couche de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étapes progressives Active EP3935238B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16/293,363 US10982451B2 (en) 2018-11-07 2019-03-05 Progressive stage load distribution and absorption underlayment system
PCT/US2020/020893 WO2020180931A1 (fr) 2019-03-05 2020-03-04 Système de sous-couche de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étages progressifs

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3935238A1 true EP3935238A1 (fr) 2022-01-12
EP3935238A4 EP3935238A4 (fr) 2022-11-30
EP3935238B1 EP3935238B1 (fr) 2024-09-11

Family

ID=72337309

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20766677.7A Active EP3935238B1 (fr) 2019-03-05 2020-03-04 Système de sous-couche de distribution et d'absorption de charges à étapes progressives

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3935238B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN114096722B (fr)
CA (1) CA3129148A1 (fr)
MX (1) MX2021010627A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020180931A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4291718A1 (fr) * 2021-02-11 2023-12-20 Massimo De Maria Tapis pour terrains de jeu en gazon synthétique

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US6871363B2 (en) * 2002-03-21 2005-03-29 Jeff Richard Sabados Shock absorbing safety floor and modular tile for swimming pools
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EP2111491A2 (fr) * 2007-01-19 2009-10-28 Brock International Base de système de gazon
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US9279258B2 (en) * 2013-04-18 2016-03-08 Viconic Defense Inc. Recoiling energy absorbing system with lateral stabilizer
US9394702B2 (en) * 2014-11-05 2016-07-19 Viconic Sporting Llc Surface underlayment system with interlocking resilient anti-slip shock tiles
US9194136B2 (en) * 2013-04-18 2015-11-24 Viconic Defense Inc. Recoiling energy absorbing system
US10369739B2 (en) * 2013-04-18 2019-08-06 Viconic Sporting Llc Surface underlayment system with interlocking resilient assemblies of shock tiles
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US10537149B2 (en) * 2015-03-02 2020-01-21 Viconic Sporting Llc Multi-stage energy absorber

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN114096722A (zh) 2022-02-25
CN114096722B (zh) 2023-07-18
WO2020180931A1 (fr) 2020-09-10
CA3129148A1 (fr) 2020-09-10
MX2021010627A (es) 2022-03-25
EP3935238B1 (fr) 2024-09-11
EP3935238A4 (fr) 2022-11-30

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